/* $Id: GIMAll.cpp $ */ /** @file * GIM - Guest Interface Manager - All Contexts. */ /* * Copyright (C) 2014-2023 Oracle and/or its affiliates. * * This file is part of VirtualBox base platform packages, as * available from https://www.virtualbox.org. * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License * as published by the Free Software Foundation, in version 3 of the * License. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, see . * * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only */ /********************************************************************************************************************************* * Header Files * *********************************************************************************************************************************/ #define LOG_GROUP LOG_GROUP_GIM #include #include /* For EMInterpretDisasCurrent */ #include "GIMInternal.h" #include #include /* For DISCPUSTATE */ #include #include /* Include all the providers. */ #include "GIMHvInternal.h" #include "GIMMinimalInternal.h" /** * Checks whether GIM is being used by this VM. * * @retval true if used. * @retval false if no GIM provider ("none") is used. * * @param pVM The cross context VM structure. */ VMMDECL(bool) GIMIsEnabled(PVM pVM) { return pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId != GIMPROVIDERID_NONE; } /** * Gets the GIM provider configured for this VM. * * @returns The GIM provider Id. * @param pVM The cross context VM structure. */ VMMDECL(GIMPROVIDERID) GIMGetProvider(PVM pVM) { return pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId; } /** * Returns the array of MMIO2 regions that are expected to be registered and * later mapped into the guest-physical address space for the GIM provider * configured for the VM. * * @returns Pointer to an array of GIM MMIO2 regions, may return NULL. * @param pVM The cross context VM structure. * @param pcRegions Where to store the number of items in the array. * * @remarks The caller does not own and therefore must -NOT- try to free the * returned pointer. */ VMMDECL(PGIMMMIO2REGION) GIMGetMmio2Regions(PVMCC pVM, uint32_t *pcRegions) { Assert(pVM); Assert(pcRegions); *pcRegions = 0; switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvGetMmio2Regions(pVM, pcRegions); default: break; } return NULL; } /** * Returns whether the guest has configured and enabled calls to the hypervisor. * * @returns true if hypercalls are enabled and usable, false otherwise. * @param pVCpu The cross context virtual CPU structure. */ VMM_INT_DECL(bool) GIMAreHypercallsEnabled(PVMCPUCC pVCpu) { PVM pVM = pVCpu->CTX_SUFF(pVM); if (!GIMIsEnabled(pVM)) return false; switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvAreHypercallsEnabled(pVM); case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmAreHypercallsEnabled(pVCpu); default: return false; } } /** * Implements a GIM hypercall with the provider configured for the VM. * * @returns Strict VBox status code. * @retval VINF_SUCCESS if the hypercall succeeded (even if its operation * failed). * @retval VINF_GIM_HYPERCALL_CONTINUING continue hypercall without updating * RIP. * @retval VINF_GIM_R3_HYPERCALL re-start the hypercall from ring-3. * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALL_ACCESS_DENIED CPL is insufficient. * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALLS_NOT_AVAILABLE hypercalls unavailable. * @retval VERR_GIM_NOT_ENABLED GIM is not enabled (shouldn't really happen) * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALL_MEMORY_READ_FAILED hypercall failed while reading * memory. * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALL_MEMORY_WRITE_FAILED hypercall failed while * writing memory. * * @param pVCpu The cross context virtual CPU structure. * @param pCtx Pointer to the guest-CPU context. * * @remarks The caller of this function needs to advance RIP as required. * @thread EMT. */ VMM_INT_DECL(VBOXSTRICTRC) GIMHypercall(PVMCPUCC pVCpu, PCPUMCTX pCtx) { PVMCC pVM = pVCpu->CTX_SUFF(pVM); VMCPU_ASSERT_EMT(pVCpu); if (RT_UNLIKELY(!GIMIsEnabled(pVM))) return VERR_GIM_NOT_ENABLED; switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvHypercall(pVCpu, pCtx); case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmHypercall(pVCpu, pCtx); default: AssertMsgFailed(("GIMHypercall: for provider %u not available/implemented\n", pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId)); return VERR_GIM_HYPERCALLS_NOT_AVAILABLE; } } /** * Same as GIMHypercall, except with disassembler opcode and instruction length. * * This is the interface used by IEM. * * @returns Strict VBox status code. * @retval VINF_SUCCESS if the hypercall succeeded (even if its operation * failed). * @retval VINF_GIM_HYPERCALL_CONTINUING continue hypercall without updating * RIP. * @retval VINF_GIM_R3_HYPERCALL re-start the hypercall from ring-3. * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALL_ACCESS_DENIED CPL is insufficient. * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALLS_NOT_AVAILABLE hypercalls unavailable. * @retval VERR_GIM_NOT_ENABLED GIM is not enabled (shouldn't really happen) * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALL_MEMORY_READ_FAILED hypercall failed while reading * memory. * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALL_MEMORY_WRITE_FAILED hypercall failed while * writing memory. * @retval VERR_GIM_INVALID_HYPERCALL_INSTR if uDisOpcode is the wrong one; raise \#UD. * * @param pVCpu The cross context virtual CPU structure. * @param pCtx Pointer to the guest-CPU context. * @param uDisOpcode The disassembler opcode. * @param cbInstr The instruction length. * * @remarks The caller of this function needs to advance RIP as required. * @thread EMT. */ VMM_INT_DECL(VBOXSTRICTRC) GIMHypercallEx(PVMCPUCC pVCpu, PCPUMCTX pCtx, unsigned uDisOpcode, uint8_t cbInstr) { PVMCC pVM = pVCpu->CTX_SUFF(pVM); VMCPU_ASSERT_EMT(pVCpu); if (RT_UNLIKELY(!GIMIsEnabled(pVM))) return VERR_GIM_NOT_ENABLED; switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvHypercallEx(pVCpu, pCtx, uDisOpcode, cbInstr); case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmHypercallEx(pVCpu, pCtx, uDisOpcode, cbInstr); default: AssertMsgFailedReturn(("enmProviderId=%u\n", pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId), VERR_GIM_HYPERCALLS_NOT_AVAILABLE); } } /** * Disassembles the instruction at RIP and if it's a hypercall * instruction, performs the hypercall. * * @param pVCpu The cross context virtual CPU structure. * @param pCtx Pointer to the guest-CPU context. * @param pcbInstr Where to store the disassembled instruction length. * Optional, can be NULL. * * @todo This interface should disappear when IEM/REM execution engines * handle VMCALL/VMMCALL instructions to call into GIM when * required. See @bugref{7270#c168}. */ VMM_INT_DECL(VBOXSTRICTRC) GIMExecHypercallInstr(PVMCPUCC pVCpu, PCPUMCTX pCtx, uint8_t *pcbInstr) { PVMCC pVM = pVCpu->CTX_SUFF(pVM); VMCPU_ASSERT_EMT(pVCpu); if (RT_UNLIKELY(!GIMIsEnabled(pVM))) return VERR_GIM_NOT_ENABLED; unsigned cbInstr; DISCPUSTATE Dis; int rc = EMInterpretDisasCurrent(pVCpu, &Dis, &cbInstr); if (RT_SUCCESS(rc)) { if (pcbInstr) *pcbInstr = (uint8_t)cbInstr; switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvHypercallEx(pVCpu, pCtx, Dis.pCurInstr->uOpcode, Dis.cbInstr); case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmHypercallEx(pVCpu, pCtx, Dis.pCurInstr->uOpcode, Dis.cbInstr); default: AssertMsgFailed(("GIMExecHypercallInstr: for provider %u not available/implemented\n", pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId)); return VERR_GIM_HYPERCALLS_NOT_AVAILABLE; } } Log(("GIM: GIMExecHypercallInstr: Failed to disassemble CS:RIP=%04x:%08RX64. rc=%Rrc\n", pCtx->cs.Sel, pCtx->rip, rc)); return rc; } /** * Returns whether the guest has configured and setup the use of paravirtualized * TSC. * * Paravirtualized TSCs are per-VM and the rest of the execution engine logic * relies on that. * * @returns true if enabled and usable, false otherwise. * @param pVM The cross context VM structure. */ VMM_INT_DECL(bool) GIMIsParavirtTscEnabled(PVMCC pVM) { switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvIsParavirtTscEnabled(pVM); case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmIsParavirtTscEnabled(pVM); default: break; } return false; } /** * Whether \#UD exceptions in the guest needs to be intercepted by the GIM * provider. * * At the moment, the reason why this isn't a more generic interface wrt to * exceptions is because of performance (each VM-exit would have to manually * check whether or not GIM needs to be notified). Left as a todo for later if * really required. * * @returns true if needed, false otherwise. * @param pVCpu The cross context virtual CPU structure. */ VMM_INT_DECL(bool) GIMShouldTrapXcptUD(PVMCPUCC pVCpu) { PVM pVM = pVCpu->CTX_SUFF(pVM); if (!GIMIsEnabled(pVM)) return false; switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmShouldTrapXcptUD(pVM); case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvShouldTrapXcptUD(pVCpu); default: return false; } } /** * Exception handler for \#UD when requested by the GIM provider. * * @returns Strict VBox status code. * @retval VINF_SUCCESS if the hypercall succeeded (even if its operation * failed). * @retval VINF_GIM_R3_HYPERCALL restart the hypercall from ring-3. * @retval VINF_GIM_HYPERCALL_CONTINUING continue hypercall without updating * RIP. * @retval VERR_GIM_HYPERCALL_ACCESS_DENIED CPL is insufficient. * @retval VERR_GIM_INVALID_HYPERCALL_INSTR instruction at RIP is not a valid * hypercall instruction. * * @param pVCpu The cross context virtual CPU structure. * @param pCtx Pointer to the guest-CPU context. * @param pDis Pointer to the disassembled instruction state at RIP. * If NULL is passed, it implies the disassembly of the * the instruction at RIP is the responsibility of the * GIM provider. * @param pcbInstr Where to store the instruction length of the hypercall * instruction. Optional, can be NULL. * * @thread EMT(pVCpu). */ VMM_INT_DECL(VBOXSTRICTRC) GIMXcptUD(PVMCPUCC pVCpu, PCPUMCTX pCtx, PDISCPUSTATE pDis, uint8_t *pcbInstr) { PVMCC pVM = pVCpu->CTX_SUFF(pVM); Assert(GIMIsEnabled(pVM)); Assert(pDis || pcbInstr); switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmXcptUD(pVM, pVCpu, pCtx, pDis, pcbInstr); case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvXcptUD(pVCpu, pCtx, pDis, pcbInstr); default: return VERR_GIM_OPERATION_FAILED; } } /** * Invokes the read-MSR handler for the GIM provider configured for the VM. * * @returns Strict VBox status code like CPUMQueryGuestMsr. * @retval VINF_CPUM_R3_MSR_READ * @retval VERR_CPUM_RAISE_GP_0 * * @param pVCpu The cross context virtual CPU structure. * @param idMsr The MSR to read. * @param pRange The range this MSR belongs to. * @param puValue Where to store the MSR value read. */ VMM_INT_DECL(VBOXSTRICTRC) GIMReadMsr(PVMCPUCC pVCpu, uint32_t idMsr, PCCPUMMSRRANGE pRange, uint64_t *puValue) { Assert(pVCpu); PVMCC pVM = pVCpu->CTX_SUFF(pVM); Assert(GIMIsEnabled(pVM)); VMCPU_ASSERT_EMT(pVCpu); switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvReadMsr(pVCpu, idMsr, pRange, puValue); case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmReadMsr(pVCpu, idMsr, pRange, puValue); default: AssertMsgFailed(("GIMReadMsr: for unknown provider %u idMsr=%#RX32 -> #GP(0)", pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId, idMsr)); return VERR_CPUM_RAISE_GP_0; } } /** * Invokes the write-MSR handler for the GIM provider configured for the VM. * * @returns Strict VBox status code like CPUMSetGuestMsr. * @retval VINF_CPUM_R3_MSR_WRITE * @retval VERR_CPUM_RAISE_GP_0 * * @param pVCpu The cross context virtual CPU structure. * @param idMsr The MSR to write. * @param pRange The range this MSR belongs to. * @param uValue The value to set, ignored bits masked. * @param uRawValue The raw value with the ignored bits not masked. */ VMM_INT_DECL(VBOXSTRICTRC) GIMWriteMsr(PVMCPUCC pVCpu, uint32_t idMsr, PCCPUMMSRRANGE pRange, uint64_t uValue, uint64_t uRawValue) { AssertPtr(pVCpu); NOREF(uValue); PVMCC pVM = pVCpu->CTX_SUFF(pVM); Assert(GIMIsEnabled(pVM)); VMCPU_ASSERT_EMT(pVCpu); switch (pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId) { case GIMPROVIDERID_HYPERV: return gimHvWriteMsr(pVCpu, idMsr, pRange, uRawValue); case GIMPROVIDERID_KVM: return gimKvmWriteMsr(pVCpu, idMsr, pRange, uRawValue); default: AssertMsgFailed(("GIMWriteMsr: for unknown provider %u idMsr=%#RX32 -> #GP(0)", pVM->gim.s.enmProviderId, idMsr)); return VERR_CPUM_RAISE_GP_0; } } /** * Queries the opcode bytes for a native hypercall. * * @returns VBox status code. * @param pVM The cross context VM structure. * @param pvBuf The destination buffer. * @param cbBuf The size of the buffer. * @param pcbWritten Where to return the number of bytes written. This is * reliably updated only on successful return. Optional. * @param puDisOpcode Where to return the disassembler opcode. Optional. */ VMM_INT_DECL(int) GIMQueryHypercallOpcodeBytes(PVM pVM, void *pvBuf, size_t cbBuf, size_t *pcbWritten, uint16_t *puDisOpcode) { AssertPtrReturn(pvBuf, VERR_INVALID_POINTER); #if defined(RT_ARCH_X86) || defined(RT_ARCH_AMD64) CPUMCPUVENDOR enmCpuVendor = CPUMGetHostCpuVendor(pVM); #else CPUMCPUVENDOR enmCpuVendor = CPUMGetGuestCpuVendor(pVM); /* Use what is presented to the guest. */ #endif uint8_t const *pbSrc; size_t cbSrc; switch (enmCpuVendor) { case CPUMCPUVENDOR_AMD: case CPUMCPUVENDOR_HYGON: { if (puDisOpcode) *puDisOpcode = OP_VMMCALL; static uint8_t const s_abHypercall[] = { 0x0F, 0x01, 0xD9 }; /* VMMCALL */ pbSrc = s_abHypercall; cbSrc = sizeof(s_abHypercall); break; } case CPUMCPUVENDOR_INTEL: case CPUMCPUVENDOR_VIA: case CPUMCPUVENDOR_SHANGHAI: { if (puDisOpcode) *puDisOpcode = OP_VMCALL; static uint8_t const s_abHypercall[] = { 0x0F, 0x01, 0xC1 }; /* VMCALL */ pbSrc = s_abHypercall; cbSrc = sizeof(s_abHypercall); break; } default: AssertMsgFailedReturn(("%d\n", enmCpuVendor), VERR_UNSUPPORTED_CPU); } if (RT_LIKELY(cbBuf >= cbSrc)) { memcpy(pvBuf, pbSrc, cbSrc); if (pcbWritten) *pcbWritten = cbSrc; return VINF_SUCCESS; } return VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW; }