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See also https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/Development
and the Developer's Guide located at https://www.wireshark.org/docs/
and in the docbook/ subdirectory.
Installation
============
These are installation instructions for Unix and Unix-like systems.
These are not the installation instructions for Windows systems; see
README.windows for those instructions.
0. This is software. Beware.
1. If you wish to build Wireshark, make sure you have the Qt and GLib
development packages installed. Try running
'pkg-config glib-2.0 --modversion' to see if you have GLib 2.x
installed. Then try running 'pkg-config Qt5Widgets --modversion'
to see if you have Qt installed. Wireshark requires Qt 5.9 or later,
but the most recent LTS release is strongly recommended. It needs
version 2.50.0 or above of GLib. If you need to install or
re-install GLIB, you can find the packages at:
https://download.gnome.org/sources/glib/
You can find Qt at:
https://www.qt.io/download
If you installed Qt or GLib from binary packages, you may have to
install corresponding "development" packages; there may be separate
"user's" and "developer's" packages, with the former not including
header files and the like. For example, Red Hat users will need to
install a "glib2-devel" .rpm.
2. If you wish to build TShark, the line-mode version of Wireshark,
make sure you have GLib installed. See note #1 above for instructions
on checking if you have GLib installed.
3. If you want to capture packets, make sure you have libpcap
installed. The latest "official" version can be found at
https://www.tcpdump.org .
If you installed libpcap from a binary package, you may have to
install a "development" package; for example, there's
apparently a "libpcap0" Debian package, but it just includes a
shared library, a copyright notice, changelog files, and a
README.md file - you also need to install a "libpcap-dev" package
to get header files, a non-shared library, and the man page.
Similarly, Red Hat users will need to install a "libpcap-devel"
.rpm to go along with the "libpcap" .rpm.
4. Building Wireshark requires Python, flex, and Asciidoctor.
5. Create a build directory separate from the source directory. It can
be anywhere, but you might run into issues if the path contains
spaces.
6. Run 'cmake <options> <path/to/the/wireshark/sources>' in your build
directory. Running 'cmake -LH <path/to/the/wireshark/sources>'
displays a complete list of options. The "Tool Reference" section of
Developer's Guide contains general instructions for using CMake. Some
of the Wireshark-specific options are as follows:
-G Ninja
CMake supports many different build systems, including UNIX
Make, MSBuild, and Ninja. UNIX Make is the default, but Ninja
tends to be faster.
-DBUILD_wireshark=OFF
By default CMake tries to find the Qt libraries so Wireshark,
the GUI packet analyzer, can be built. You can disable the
build of the GUI version of Wireshark with this switch.
-DBUILD_tshark=OFF
By default the line-mode packet analyzer, TShark, is built.
Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_editcap=OFF
By default the capture-file editing program is built.
Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_capinfos=OFF
By default the capture-file statistics reporting program
is built. Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_captype=OFF
By default the capture-type reporting program is built. Use this
switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_mergecap=OFF
By default the capture-file merging program is built.
Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_reordercap=OFF
By default the capture-file reordering program is built.
Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_text2pcap=OFF
By default the hex-dump-to-capture file conversion program
is built. Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_dftest=OFF
By default the display-filter-compiler test program is built.
Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_randpkt=OFF
By default the program which creates random packet-capture files
is built. Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_dumpcap=OFF
By default the network traffic capture program is built.
Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DBUILD_rawshark=OFF
By default the program used to dump and analyze raw libpcap data
is built. Use this switch to avoid building it.
-DDUMPCAP_INSTALL_OPTION=suid
-DDUMPCAP_INSTALL_OPTION=capabilities
Wireshark and TShark rely on dumpcap for packet capture. Setting
this flag to "suid" installs dumpcap with setuid root
permissions, which lets any user on the system capture live
traffic. If this is not desired, you can restrict dumpcap's
permissions so that only a single user or group can run it and
set the "capabilities" flag.
Running Wireshark or TShark as root is not recommended.
-DENABLE_CAP=OFF
By default, if 'cmake' finds libcap (the POSIX capabilities
library) dumpcap will be built so that if it is installed setuid
root, it will attempt to retain CAP_NET_RAW and CAP_NET_ADMIN
before dropping root privileges. Use this option to disable this
behavior.
-DENABLE_PCAP=OFF
If you choose to build a packet analyzer that can analyze
capture files but cannot capture packets on its own, but you
*do* have libpcap installed, or if you are trying to build
Wireshark on a system that doesn't have libpcap installed (in
which case you have no choice but to build a version that can
analyze capture files but cannot capture packets on its own),
use -DENABLE_PCAP=OFF to avoid using libpcap.
-DENABLE_ZLIB=OFF
By default, if 'cmake' finds zlib (a.k.a, libz), the
wiretap library will be built so that it can read compressed
capture files. If you have zlib but do not wish to build
it into the wiretap library, used by Wireshark, TShark, and
the capture-file utilities that come in this package, use
this switch.
-DENABLE_BROTLI=OFF
By default, if 'cmake' finds brotli, the wiretap library
will be built so that it can read brotli compressed capture
files. If you have brotli but do not wish to build it into
the wiretap library, used by Wireshark, TShark, and the
capture-file utilities that come in this package, use this switch.
-DENABLE_PLUGINS=OFF
By default, if your system can support run-time loadable modules,
the packet analyzers are build with support for plugins.
Use this switch to build packet analyzers without plugin support.
7. After running 'cmake', you will see a summary of some
of the options you chose. Ensure that the summary reflects
what you want. If it doesn't, re-run 'cmake' with new options.
8. Run 'make', or 'ninja' if you chose to create Ninja build files.
Hopefully, you won't run into any problems.
9. Run './run/wireshark' or './run/tshark' or ./run/dumpcap, and make sure things are
working. You must have root privileges in order to capture live data.
10./a. Run 'make install'. If you're running a system that supports
the RPM packaging systems you can run
make wireshark_rpm
or
ninja wireshark_rpm
to make an installable package for your system. The installation path
defaults to /usr/local, so you'll probably want to pass
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr to CMake.
10/b. If you 're running a system that supports APT (Debian/Ubuntu/etc.)
run
ln -sn packaging/debian
dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -rfakeroot
in the source directory right after extracting of checking out
Wireshark's source code. (You don't have to run CMake/make/Ninja/etc.
prior to running dpkg-buildpackage)
If you have trouble with the build or installation process, you can
find assistance on the wireshark-users and wireshark-dev mailing lists (see
https://www.wireshark.org/lists/ for details) or the Wireshark Q&A site:
https://ask.wireshark.org .
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