Adding upstream version 2.4.57.upstream/2.4.57

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1552 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/modules/examples/mod_example_hooks.c b/modules/examples/mod_example_hooks.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7ef5a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/examples/mod_example_hooks.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1552 @@
+/* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Apache example_hooks module.  Provide demonstrations of how modules do things.
+ * It is not meant to be used in a production server.  Since it participates
+ * in all of the processing phases, it could conceivable interfere with
+ * the proper operation of other modules -- particularly the ones related
+ * to security.
+ *
+ * In the interest of brevity, all functions and structures internal to
+ * this module, but which may have counterparts in *real* modules, are
+ * prefixed with 'x_' instead of 'example_'.
+ *
+ * To use mod_example_hooks, configure the Apache build with
+ * --enable-example-hooks and compile.  Set up a <Location> block in your
+ * configuration file like so:
+ *
+ * <Location /example>
+ *    SetHandler example-hooks-handler
+ * </Location>
+ *
+ * When you look at that location on your server, you will see a backtrace of
+ * the callbacks that have been invoked up to that point.  See the ErrorLog for
+ * more information on code paths that  touch mod_example_hooks.
+ *
+ * IMPORTANT NOTES
+ * ===============
+ *
+ * Do NOT use this module on a production server. It attaches itself to every
+ * phase of the server runtime operations including startup, shutdown and
+ * request processing, and produces copious amounts of logging data.  This will
+ * negatively affect server performance.
+ *
+ * Do NOT use mod_example_hooks as the basis for your own code.  This module
+ * implements every callback hook offered by the Apache core, and your
+ * module will almost certainly not have to implement this much.  If you
+ * want a simple module skeleton to start development, use apxs -g.
+ *
+ * XXX TO DO XXX
+ * =============
+ *
+ * * Enable HTML backtrace entries for more callbacks that are not directly
+ *   associated with a request
+ * * Make sure every callback that posts an HTML backtrace entry does so in the *   right category, so nothing gets overwritten
+ * * Implement some logic to show what happens in the parent, and what in the
+ *   child(ren)
+ */
+
+#include "httpd.h"
+#include "http_config.h"
+#include "http_core.h"
+#include "http_log.h"
+#include "http_main.h"
+#include "http_protocol.h"
+#include "http_request.h"
+#include "util_script.h"
+#include "http_connection.h"
+#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SUEXEC
+#include "unixd.h"
+#endif
+#include "scoreboard.h"
+#include "mpm_common.h"
+
+#include "apr_strings.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*                                                                          */
+/* Data declarations.                                                       */
+/*                                                                          */
+/* Here are the static cells and structure declarations private to our      */
+/* module.                                                                  */
+/*                                                                          */
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * Sample configuration record.  Used for both per-directory and per-server
+ * configuration data.
+ *
+ * It's perfectly reasonable to have two different structures for the two
+ * different environments.  The same command handlers will be called for
+ * both, though, so the handlers need to be able to tell them apart.  One
+ * possibility is for both structures to start with an int which is 0 for
+ * one and 1 for the other.
+ *
+ * Note that while the per-directory and per-server configuration records are
+ * available to most of the module handlers, they should be treated as
+ * READ-ONLY by all except the command and merge handlers.  Sometimes handlers
+ * are handed a record that applies to the current location by implication or
+ * inheritance, and modifying it will change the rules for other locations.
+ */
+typedef struct x_cfg {
+    int cmode;                  /* Environment to which record applies
+                                 * (directory, server, or combination).
+                                 */
+#define CONFIG_MODE_SERVER 1
+#define CONFIG_MODE_DIRECTORY 2
+#define CONFIG_MODE_COMBO 3     /* Shouldn't ever happen. */
+    int local;                  /* Boolean: "Example" directive declared
+                                 * here?
+                                 */
+    int congenital;             /* Boolean: did we inherit an "Example"? */
+    char *trace;                /* Pointer to trace string. */
+    char *loc;                  /* Location to which this record applies. */
+} x_cfg;
+
+/*
+ * String pointer to hold the startup trace. No harm working with a global until
+ * the server is (may be) multi-threaded.
+ */
+static const char *trace = NULL;
+
+/*
+ * Declare ourselves so the configuration routines can find and know us.
+ * We'll fill it in at the end of the module.
+ */
+module AP_MODULE_DECLARE_DATA example_hooks_module;
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*                                                                          */
+/* The following pseudo-prototype declarations illustrate the parameters    */
+/* passed to command handlers for the different types of directive          */
+/* syntax.  If an argument was specified in the directive definition        */
+/* (look for "command_rec" below), it's available to the command handler    */
+/* via the (void *) info field in the cmd_parms argument passed to the      */
+/* handler (cmd->info for the examples below).                              */
+/*                                                                          */
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a NO_ARGS directive.  Declared in the command_rec
+ * list with
+ *   AP_INIT_NO_ARGS("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_NO_ARGS(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a RAW_ARGS directive.  The "args" argument is the text
+ * of the commandline following the directive itself.  Declared in the
+ * command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_RAW_ARGS("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_RAW_ARGS(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                    const char *args);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a FLAG directive.  The single parameter is passed in
+ * "bool", which is either zero or not for Off or On respectively.
+ * Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_FLAG("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_FLAG(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig, int bool);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a TAKE1 directive.  The single parameter is passed in
+ * "word1".  Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_TAKE1("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_TAKE1(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                 char *word1);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a TAKE2 directive.  TAKE2 commands must always have
+ * exactly two arguments.  Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_TAKE2("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_TAKE2(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                 char *word1, char *word2);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a TAKE3 directive.  Like TAKE2, these must have exactly
+ * three arguments, or the parser complains and doesn't bother calling us.
+ * Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_TAKE3("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_TAKE3(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                 char *word1, char *word2, char *word3);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a TAKE12 directive.  These can take either one or two
+ * arguments.
+ * - word2 is a NULL pointer if no second argument was specified.
+ * Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_TAKE12("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_TAKE12(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                  char *word1, char *word2);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a TAKE123 directive.  A TAKE123 directive can be given,
+ * as might be expected, one, two, or three arguments.
+ * - word2 is a NULL pointer if no second argument was specified.
+ * - word3 is a NULL pointer if no third argument was specified.
+ * Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_TAKE123("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_TAKE123(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                   char *word1, char *word2, char *word3);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a TAKE13 directive.  Either one or three arguments are
+ * permitted - no two-parameters-only syntax is allowed.
+ * - word2 and word3 are NULL pointers if only one argument was specified.
+ * Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_TAKE13("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_TAKE13(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                  char *word1, char *word2, char *word3);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a TAKE23 directive.  At least two and as many as three
+ * arguments must be specified.
+ * - word3 is a NULL pointer if no third argument was specified.
+ * Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_TAKE23("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_TAKE23(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                  char *word1, char *word2, char *word3);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a ITERATE directive.
+ * - Handler is called once for each of n arguments given to the directive.
+ * - word1 points to each argument in turn.
+ * Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_ITERATE("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_ITERATE(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                   char *word1);
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Command handler for a ITERATE2 directive.
+ * - Handler is called once for each of the second and subsequent arguments
+ *   given to the directive.
+ * - word1 is the same for each call for a particular directive instance (the
+ *   first argument).
+ * - word2 points to each of the second and subsequent arguments in turn.
+ * Declared in the command_rec list with
+ *   AP_INIT_ITERATE2("directive", function, mconfig, where, help)
+ *
+ * static const char *handle_ITERATE2(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig,
+ *                                    char *word1, char *word2);
+ */
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*                                                                          */
+/* These routines are strictly internal to this module, and support its     */
+/* operation.  They are not referenced by any external portion of the       */
+/* server.                                                                  */
+/*                                                                          */
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * Locate our directory configuration record for the current request.
+ */
+static x_cfg *our_dconfig(const request_rec *r)
+{
+    return (x_cfg *) ap_get_module_config(r->per_dir_config, &example_hooks_module);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The following utility routines are not used in the module. Don't
+ * compile them so -Wall doesn't complain about functions that are
+ * defined but not used.
+ */
+#if 0
+/*
+ * Locate our server configuration record for the specified server.
+ */
+static x_cfg *our_sconfig(const server_rec *s)
+{
+    return (x_cfg *) ap_get_module_config(s->module_config, &example_hooks_module);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Likewise for our configuration record for the specified request.
+ */
+static x_cfg *our_rconfig(const request_rec *r)
+{
+    return (x_cfg *) ap_get_module_config(r->request_config, &example_hooks_module);
+}
+#endif /* if 0 */
+
+/*
+ * Likewise for our configuration record for a connection.
+ */
+static x_cfg *our_cconfig(const conn_rec *c)
+{
+    return (x_cfg *) ap_get_module_config(c->conn_config, &example_hooks_module);
+}
+
+/*
+ * You *could* change the following if you wanted to see the calling
+ * sequence reported in the server's error_log, but beware - almost all of
+ * these co-routines are called for every single request, and the impact
+ * on the size (and readability) of the error_log is considerable.
+ */
+#ifndef EXAMPLE_LOG_EACH
+#define EXAMPLE_LOG_EACH 0
+#endif
+
+#if EXAMPLE_LOG_EACH
+static void example_log_each(apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *s, const char *note)
+{
+    if (s != NULL) {
+        ap_log_error(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_DEBUG, 0, s, APLOGNO(02991)
+                     "mod_example_hooks: %s", note);
+    }
+    else {
+        apr_file_t *out = NULL;
+        apr_file_open_stderr(&out, p);
+        apr_file_printf(out, "mod_example_hooks traced in non-loggable "
+                        "context: %s\n", note);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This utility routine traces the hooks called when the server starts up.
+ * It leaves a trace in a global variable, so it should not be called from
+ * a hook handler that runs in a multi-threaded situation.
+ */
+
+static void trace_startup(apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *s, x_cfg *mconfig,
+                          const char *note)
+{
+    const char *sofar;
+    char *where, *addon;
+
+#if EXAMPLE_LOG_EACH
+    example_log_each(p, s, note);
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * If we weren't passed a configuration record, we can't figure out to
+     * what location this call applies.  This only happens for co-routines
+     * that don't operate in a particular directory or server context.  If we
+     * got a valid record, extract the location (directory or server) to which
+     * it applies.
+     */
+    where = (mconfig != NULL) ? mconfig->loc : "nowhere";
+    where = (where != NULL) ? where : "";
+
+    addon = apr_pstrcat(p,
+                        "   <li>\n"
+                        "    <dl>\n"
+                        "     <dt><samp>", note, "</samp></dt>\n"
+                        "     <dd><samp>[", where, "]</samp></dd>\n"
+                        "    </dl>\n"
+                        "   </li>\n",
+                        NULL);
+
+    /*
+     * Make sure that we start with a valid string, even if we have never been
+     * called.
+     */
+    sofar = (trace == NULL) ? "" : trace;
+
+    trace = apr_pstrcat(p, sofar, addon, NULL);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * This utility route traces the hooks called as a request is handled.
+ * It takes the current request as argument
+ */
+#define TRACE_NOTE "example-hooks-trace"
+
+static void trace_request(const request_rec *r, const char *note)
+{
+    const char *trace_copy, *sofar;
+    char *addon, *where;
+    x_cfg *cfg;
+
+#if EXAMPLE_LOG_EACH
+    example_log_each(r->pool, r->server, note);
+#endif
+
+    if ((sofar = apr_table_get(r->notes, TRACE_NOTE)) == NULL) {
+        sofar = "";
+    }
+
+    cfg = our_dconfig(r);
+
+    where = (cfg != NULL) ? cfg->loc : "nowhere";
+    where = (where != NULL) ? where : "";
+
+    addon = apr_pstrcat(r->pool,
+                        "   <li>\n"
+                        "    <dl>\n"
+                        "     <dt><samp>", note, "</samp></dt>\n"
+                        "     <dd><samp>[", where, "]</samp></dd>\n"
+                        "    </dl>\n"
+                        "   </li>\n",
+                        NULL);
+
+    trace_copy = apr_pstrcat(r->pool, sofar, addon, NULL);
+    apr_table_set(r->notes, TRACE_NOTE, trace_copy);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This utility routine traces the hooks called while processing a
+ * Connection. Its trace is kept in the pool notes of the pool associated
+ * with the Connection.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Key to get and set the userdata.  We should be able to get away
+ * with a constant key, since in prefork mode the process will have
+ * the connection and its pool to itself entirely, and in
+ * multi-threaded mode each connection will have its own pool.
+ */
+#define CONN_NOTE "example-hooks-connection"
+
+static void trace_connection(conn_rec *c, const char *note)
+{
+    const char *trace_copy, *sofar;
+    char *addon, *where;
+    void *data;
+    x_cfg *cfg;
+
+#if EXAMPLE_LOG_EACH
+    example_log_each(c->pool, c->base_server, note);
+#endif
+
+    cfg = our_cconfig(c);
+
+    where = (cfg != NULL) ? cfg->loc : "nowhere";
+    where = (where != NULL) ? where : "";
+
+    addon = apr_pstrcat(c->pool,
+                        "   <li>\n"
+                        "    <dl>\n"
+                        "     <dt><samp>", note, "</samp></dt>\n"
+                        "     <dd><samp>[", where, "]</samp></dd>\n"
+                        "    </dl>\n"
+                        "   </li>\n",
+                        NULL);
+
+    /* Find existing notes and copy */
+    apr_pool_userdata_get(&data, CONN_NOTE, c->pool);
+    sofar = (data == NULL) ? "" : (const char *) data;
+
+    /* Tack addon onto copy */
+    trace_copy = apr_pstrcat(c->pool, sofar, addon, NULL);
+
+    /*
+     * Stash copy back into pool notes.  This call has a cleanup
+     * parameter, but we're not using it because the string has been
+     * allocated from that same pool.  There is also an unused return
+     * value: we have nowhere to communicate any error that might
+     * occur, and will have to check for the existence of this data on
+     * the other end.
+     */
+    apr_pool_userdata_set((const void *) trace_copy, CONN_NOTE,
+                          NULL, c->pool);
+}
+
+static void trace_nocontext(apr_pool_t *p, const char *file, int line,
+                            const char *note)
+{
+    /*
+     * Since we have no request or connection to trace, or any idea
+     * from where this routine was called, there's really not much we
+     * can do.  If we are not logging everything by way of the
+     * EXAMPLE_LOG_EACH constant, do nothing in this routine.
+     */
+
+#ifdef EXAMPLE_LOG_EACH
+    ap_log_perror(file, line, APLOG_MODULE_INDEX, APLOG_NOTICE, 0, p, "%s", note);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* We prototyped the various syntax for command handlers (routines that     */
+/* are called when the configuration parser detects a directive declared    */
+/* by our module) earlier.  Now we actually declare a "real" routine that   */
+/* will be invoked by the parser when our "real" directive is               */
+/* encountered.                                                             */
+/*                                                                          */
+/* If a command handler encounters a problem processing the directive, it   */
+/* signals this fact by returning a non-NULL pointer to a string            */
+/* describing the problem.                                                  */
+/*                                                                          */
+/* The magic return value DECLINE_CMD is used to deal with directives       */
+/* that might be declared by multiple modules.  If the command handler      */
+/* returns NULL, the directive was processed; if it returns DECLINE_CMD,    */
+/* the next module (if any) that declares the directive is given a chance   */
+/* at it.  If it returns any other value, it's treated as the text of an    */
+/* error message.                                                           */
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*
+ * Command handler for the NO_ARGS "Example" directive.  All we do is mark the
+ * call in the trace log, and flag the applicability of the directive to the
+ * current location in that location's configuration record.
+ */
+static const char *cmd_example(cmd_parms *cmd, void *mconfig)
+{
+    x_cfg *cfg = (x_cfg *) mconfig;
+
+    /*
+     * "Example Wuz Here"
+     */
+    cfg->local = 1;
+    trace_startup(cmd->pool, cmd->server, cfg, "cmd_example()");
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function gets called to create a per-directory configuration
+ * record.  This will be called for the "default" server environment, and for
+ * each directory for which the parser finds any of our directives applicable.
+ * If a directory doesn't have any of our directives involved (i.e., they
+ * aren't in the .htaccess file, or a <Location>, <Directory>, or related
+ * block), this routine will *not* be called - the configuration for the
+ * closest ancestor is used.
+ *
+ * The return value is a pointer to the created module-specific
+ * structure.
+ */
+static void *x_create_dir_config(apr_pool_t *p, char *dirspec)
+{
+    x_cfg *cfg;
+    char *dname = dirspec;
+    char *note;
+
+    /*
+     * Allocate the space for our record from the pool supplied.
+     */
+    cfg = (x_cfg *) apr_pcalloc(p, sizeof(x_cfg));
+    /*
+     * Now fill in the defaults.  If there are any `parent' configuration
+     * records, they'll get merged as part of a separate callback.
+     */
+    cfg->local = 0;
+    cfg->congenital = 0;
+    cfg->cmode = CONFIG_MODE_DIRECTORY;
+    /*
+     * Finally, add our trace to the callback list.
+     */
+    dname = (dname != NULL) ? dname : "";
+    cfg->loc = apr_pstrcat(p, "DIR(", dname, ")", NULL);
+    note = apr_psprintf(p, "x_create_dir_config(p == %pp, dirspec == %s)",
+                        (void*) p, dirspec);
+    trace_startup(p, NULL, cfg, note);
+    return (void *) cfg;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function gets called to merge two per-directory configuration
+ * records.  This is typically done to cope with things like .htaccess files
+ * or <Location> directives for directories that are beneath one for which a
+ * configuration record was already created.  The routine has the
+ * responsibility of creating a new record and merging the contents of the
+ * other two into it appropriately.  If the module doesn't declare a merge
+ * routine, the record for the closest ancestor location (that has one) is
+ * used exclusively.
+ *
+ * The routine MUST NOT modify any of its arguments!
+ *
+ * The return value is a pointer to the created module-specific structure
+ * containing the merged values.
+ */
+static void *x_merge_dir_config(apr_pool_t *p, void *parent_conf,
+                                      void *newloc_conf)
+{
+
+    x_cfg *merged_config = (x_cfg *) apr_pcalloc(p, sizeof(x_cfg));
+    x_cfg *pconf = (x_cfg *) parent_conf;
+    x_cfg *nconf = (x_cfg *) newloc_conf;
+    char *note;
+
+    /*
+     * Some things get copied directly from the more-specific record, rather
+     * than getting merged.
+     */
+    merged_config->local = nconf->local;
+    merged_config->loc = apr_pstrdup(p, nconf->loc);
+    /*
+     * Others, like the setting of the `congenital' flag, get ORed in.  The
+     * setting of that particular flag, for instance, is TRUE if it was ever
+     * true anywhere in the upstream configuration.
+     */
+    merged_config->congenital = (pconf->congenital | pconf->local);
+    /*
+     * If we're merging records for two different types of environment (server
+     * and directory), mark the new record appropriately.  Otherwise, inherit
+     * the current value.
+     */
+    merged_config->cmode =
+        (pconf->cmode == nconf->cmode) ? pconf->cmode : CONFIG_MODE_COMBO;
+    /*
+     * Now just record our being called in the trace list.  Include the
+     * locations we were asked to merge.
+     */
+    note = apr_psprintf(p, "x_merge_dir_config(p == %pp, parent_conf == "
+                        "%pp, newloc_conf == %pp)", (void*) p,
+                        (void*) parent_conf, (void*) newloc_conf);
+    trace_startup(p, NULL, merged_config, note);
+    return (void *) merged_config;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function gets called to create a per-server configuration
+ * record.  It will always be called for the "default" server.
+ *
+ * The return value is a pointer to the created module-specific
+ * structure.
+ */
+static void *x_create_server_config(apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *s)
+{
+
+    x_cfg *cfg;
+    char *sname = s->server_hostname;
+
+    /*
+     * As with the x_create_dir_config() reoutine, we allocate and fill
+     * in an empty record.
+     */
+    cfg = (x_cfg *) apr_pcalloc(p, sizeof(x_cfg));
+    cfg->local = 0;
+    cfg->congenital = 0;
+    cfg->cmode = CONFIG_MODE_SERVER;
+    /*
+     * Note that we were called in the trace list.
+     */
+    sname = (sname != NULL) ? sname : "";
+    cfg->loc = apr_pstrcat(p, "SVR(", sname, ")", NULL);
+    trace_startup(p, s, cfg, "x_create_server_config()");
+    return (void *) cfg;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function gets called to merge two per-server configuration
+ * records.  This is typically done to cope with things like virtual hosts and
+ * the default server configuration  The routine has the responsibility of
+ * creating a new record and merging the contents of the other two into it
+ * appropriately.  If the module doesn't declare a merge routine, the more
+ * specific existing record is used exclusively.
+ *
+ * The routine MUST NOT modify any of its arguments!
+ *
+ * The return value is a pointer to the created module-specific structure
+ * containing the merged values.
+ */
+static void *x_merge_server_config(apr_pool_t *p, void *server1_conf,
+                                         void *server2_conf)
+{
+
+    x_cfg *merged_config = (x_cfg *) apr_pcalloc(p, sizeof(x_cfg));
+    x_cfg *s1conf = (x_cfg *) server1_conf;
+    x_cfg *s2conf = (x_cfg *) server2_conf;
+    char *note;
+
+    /*
+     * Our inheritance rules are our own, and part of our module's semantics.
+     * Basically, just note whence we came.
+     */
+    merged_config->cmode =
+        (s1conf->cmode == s2conf->cmode) ? s1conf->cmode : CONFIG_MODE_COMBO;
+    merged_config->local = s2conf->local;
+    merged_config->congenital = (s1conf->congenital | s1conf->local);
+    merged_config->loc = apr_pstrdup(p, s2conf->loc);
+    /*
+     * Trace our call, including what we were asked to merge.
+     */
+    note = apr_pstrcat(p, "x_merge_server_config(\"", s1conf->loc, "\",\"",
+                   s2conf->loc, "\")", NULL);
+    trace_startup(p, NULL, merged_config, note);
+    return (void *) merged_config;
+}
+
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*
+ *                                                                          *
+ * Now let's declare routines for each of the callback hooks in order.      *
+ * (That's the order in which they're listed in the callback list, *not     *
+ * the order in which the server calls them!  See the command_rec           *
+ * declaration near the bottom of this file.)  Note that these may be       *
+ * called for situations that don't relate primarily to our function - in   *
+ * other words, the fixup handler shouldn't assume that the request has     *
+ * to do with "example_hooks" stuff.                                        *
+ *                                                                          *
+ * With the exception of the content handler, all of our routines will be   *
+ * called for each request, unless an earlier handler from another module   *
+ * aborted the sequence.                                                    *
+ *                                                                          *
+ * There are three types of hooks (see include/ap_config.h):                *
+ *                                                                          *
+ * VOID      : No return code, run all handlers declared by any module      *
+ * RUN_FIRST : Run all handlers until one returns something other           *
+ *             than DECLINED. Hook runner result is result of last callback *
+ * RUN_ALL   : Run all handlers until one returns something other than OK   *
+ *             or DECLINED. The hook runner returns that other value. If    *
+ *             all hooks run, the hook runner returns OK.                   *
+ *                                                                          *
+ * Handlers that are declared as "int" can return the following:            *
+ *                                                                          *
+ *  OK          Handler accepted the request and did its thing with it.     *
+ *  DECLINED    Handler took no action.                                     *
+ *  HTTP_mumble Handler looked at request and found it wanting.             *
+ *                                                                          *
+ * See include/httpd.h for a list of HTTP_mumble status codes.  Handlers    *
+ * that are not declared as int return a valid pointer, or NULL if they     *
+ * DECLINE to handle their phase for that specific request.  Exceptions, if *
+ * any, are noted with each routine.                                        *
+ *--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called before the server processes the configuration
+ * files.  There is no return value.
+ */
+static int x_pre_config(apr_pool_t *pconf, apr_pool_t *plog,
+                        apr_pool_t *ptemp)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_startup(pconf, NULL, NULL, "x_pre_config()");
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called after the server processes the configuration
+ * files.  At this point the module may review and adjust its configuration
+ * settings in relation to one another and report any problems.  On restart,
+ * this routine will be called twice, once in the startup process (which
+ * exits shortly after this phase) and once in the running server process.
+ *
+ * The return value is OK, DECLINED, or HTTP_mumble.  If we return OK, the
+ * server will still call any remaining modules with an handler for this
+ * phase.
+ */
+static int x_check_config(apr_pool_t *pconf, apr_pool_t *plog,
+                          apr_pool_t *ptemp, server_rec *s)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_startup(pconf, s, NULL, "x_check_config()");
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called when the -t command-line option is supplied.
+ * It executes only once, in the startup process, after the check_config
+ * phase and just before the process exits.  At this point the module
+ * may output any information useful in configuration testing.
+ *
+ * This is a VOID hook: all defined handlers get called.
+ */
+static void x_test_config(apr_pool_t *pconf, server_rec *s)
+{
+    apr_file_t *out = NULL;
+
+    apr_file_open_stderr(&out, pconf);
+
+    apr_file_printf(out, "Example module configuration test routine\n");
+
+    trace_startup(pconf, s, NULL, "x_test_config()");
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to perform any module-specific log file
+ * openings. It is invoked just before the post_config phase
+ *
+ * The return value is OK, DECLINED, or HTTP_mumble.  If we return OK, the
+ * server will still call any remaining modules with an handler for this
+ * phase.
+ */
+static int x_open_logs(apr_pool_t *pconf, apr_pool_t *plog,
+                        apr_pool_t *ptemp, server_rec *s)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_startup(pconf, s, NULL, "x_open_logs()");
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called after the server finishes the configuration
+ * process.  At this point the module may review and adjust its configuration
+ * settings in relation to one another and report any problems.  On restart,
+ * this routine will be called only once, in the running server process.
+ *
+ * The return value is OK, DECLINED, or HTTP_mumble.  If we return OK, the
+ * server will still call any remaining modules with an handler for this
+ * phase.
+ */
+static int x_post_config(apr_pool_t *pconf, apr_pool_t *plog,
+                          apr_pool_t *ptemp, server_rec *s)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_startup(pconf, s, NULL, "x_post_config()");
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * All our process-death routine does is add its trace to the log.
+ */
+static apr_status_t x_child_exit(void *data)
+{
+    char *note;
+    server_rec *s = data;
+    char *sname = s->server_hostname;
+
+    /*
+     * The arbitrary text we add to our trace entry indicates for which server
+     * we're being called.
+     */
+    sname = (sname != NULL) ? sname : "";
+    note = apr_pstrcat(s->process->pool, "x_child_exit(", sname, ")", NULL);
+    trace_startup(s->process->pool, s, NULL, note);
+    return APR_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*
+ * All our process initialiser does is add its trace to the log.
+ *
+ * This is a VOID hook: all defined handlers get called.
+ */
+static void x_child_init(apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *s)
+{
+    char *note;
+    char *sname = s->server_hostname;
+
+    /*
+     * The arbitrary text we add to our trace entry indicates for which server
+     * we're being called.
+     */
+    sname = (sname != NULL) ? sname : "";
+    note = apr_pstrcat(p, "x_child_init(", sname, ")", NULL);
+    trace_startup(p, s, NULL, note);
+
+    apr_pool_cleanup_register(p, s, x_child_exit, x_child_exit);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The hook runner for ap_hook_http_scheme is aliased to ap_http_scheme(),
+ * a routine that the core and other modules call when they need to know
+ * the URL scheme for the request.  For instance, mod_ssl returns "https"
+ * if the server_rec associated with the request has SSL enabled.
+ *
+ * This hook was named 'ap_hook_http_method' in httpd 2.0.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook: the first handler to return a non NULL
+ * value aborts the handler chain.  The http_core module inserts a
+ * fallback handler (with APR_HOOK_REALLY_LAST preference) that returns
+ * "http".
+ */
+static const char *x_http_scheme(const request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_http_scheme()");
+
+    /* We have no claims to make about the request scheme */
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The runner for this hook is aliased to ap_default_port(), which the
+ * core and other modules call when they need to know the default port
+ * for a particular server.  This is used for instance to omit the
+ * port number from a Redirect response Location header URL if the port
+ * number is equal to the default port for the service (like 80 for http).
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook: the first handler to return a non-zero
+ * value is the last one executed.  The http_core module inserts a
+ * fallback handler (with APR_HOOK_REALLY_LAST order specifier) that
+ * returns 80.
+ */
+static apr_port_t x_default_port(const request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_default_port()");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called just before the handler gets invoked. It allows
+ * a module to insert a previously defined filter into the filter chain.
+ *
+ * No filter has been defined by this module, so we just log the call
+ * and exit.
+ *
+ * This is a VOID hook: all defined handlers get called.
+ */
+static void x_insert_filter(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_insert_filter()");
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to insert a previously defined error filter into
+ * the filter chain as the request is being processed.
+ *
+ * For the purpose of this example, we don't have a filter to insert,
+ * so just add to the trace and exit.
+ *
+ * This is a VOID hook: all defined handlers get called.
+ */
+static void x_insert_error_filter(request_rec *r)
+{
+    trace_request(r, "x_insert_error_filter()");
+}
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*                                                                          */
+/* Now we declare our content handlers, which are invoked when the server   */
+/* encounters a document which our module is supposed to have a chance to   */
+/* see.  (See mod_mime's SetHandler and AddHandler directives, and the      */
+/* mod_info and mod_status examples, for more details.)                     */
+/*                                                                          */
+/* Since content handlers are dumping data directly into the connection     */
+/* (using the r*() routines, such as rputs() and rprintf()) without         */
+/* intervention by other parts of the server, they need to make             */
+/* sure any accumulated HTTP headers are sent first.  This is done by       */
+/* calling send_http_header().  Otherwise, no header will be sent at all,   */
+/* and the output sent to the client will actually be HTTP-uncompliant.     */
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*
+ * Sample content handler.  All this does is display the call list that has
+ * been built up so far.
+ *
+ * This routine gets called for every request, unless another handler earlier
+ * in the callback chain has already handled the request. It is up to us to
+ * test the request_rec->handler field and see whether we are meant to handle
+ * this request.
+ *
+ * The content handler gets to write directly to the client using calls like
+ * ap_rputs() and ap_rprintf()
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook.
+ */
+static int x_handler(request_rec *r)
+{
+    x_cfg *dcfg;
+    char *note;
+    void *conn_data;
+    apr_status_t status;
+
+    dcfg = our_dconfig(r);
+    /*
+     * Add our trace to the log, and whether we get to write
+     * content for this request.
+     */
+    note = apr_pstrcat(r->pool, "x_handler(), handler is \"",
+                      r->handler, "\"", NULL);
+    trace_request(r, note);
+
+    /* If it's not for us, get out as soon as possible. */
+    if (strcmp(r->handler, "example-hooks-handler")) {
+        return DECLINED;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Set the Content-type header. Note that we do not actually have to send
+     * the headers: this is done by the http core.
+     */
+    ap_set_content_type(r, "text/html");
+    /*
+     * If we're only supposed to send header information (HEAD request), we're
+     * already there.
+     */
+    if (r->header_only) {
+        return OK;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Now send our actual output.  Since we tagged this as being
+     * "text/html", we need to embed any HTML.
+     */
+    ap_rputs(DOCTYPE_HTML_3_2, r);
+    ap_rputs("<HTML>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs(" <HEAD>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  <TITLE>mod_example_hooks Module Content-Handler Output\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  </TITLE>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs(" </HEAD>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs(" <BODY>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  <H1><SAMP>mod_example_hooks</SAMP> Module Content-Handler Output\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  </H1>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  <P>\n", r);
+    ap_rprintf(r, "  Apache HTTP Server version: \"%s\"\n",
+            ap_get_server_banner());
+    ap_rputs("  <BR>\n", r);
+    ap_rprintf(r, "  Server built: \"%s\"\n", ap_get_server_built());
+    ap_rputs("  </P>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  <P>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  The format for the callback trace is:\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  </P>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  <DL>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("   <DT><EM>n</EM>.<SAMP>&lt;routine-name&gt;", r);
+    ap_rputs("(&lt;routine-data&gt;)</SAMP>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("   </DT>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("   <DD><SAMP>[&lt;applies-to&gt;]</SAMP>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("   </DD>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  </DL>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  <P>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  The <SAMP>&lt;routine-data&gt;</SAMP> is supplied by\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  the routine when it requests the trace,\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  and the <SAMP>&lt;applies-to&gt;</SAMP> is extracted\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  from the configuration record at the time of the trace.\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  <STRONG>SVR()</STRONG> indicates a server environment\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  (blank means the main or default server, otherwise it's\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  the name of the VirtualHost); <STRONG>DIR()</STRONG>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  indicates a location in the URL or filesystem\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  namespace.\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  </P>\n", r);
+    ap_rprintf(r, "  <H2>Startup callbacks so far:</H2>\n  <OL>\n%s  </OL>\n",
+            trace);
+    ap_rputs("  <H2>Connection-specific callbacks so far:</H2>\n", r);
+
+    status =  apr_pool_userdata_get(&conn_data, CONN_NOTE,
+                                    r->connection->pool);
+    if ((status == APR_SUCCESS) && conn_data) {
+        ap_rprintf(r, "  <OL>\n%s  </OL>\n", (char *) conn_data);
+    }
+    else {
+        ap_rputs("  <P>No connection-specific callback information was "
+                 "retrieved.</P>\n", r);
+    }
+
+    ap_rputs("  <H2>Request-specific callbacks so far:</H2>\n", r);
+    ap_rprintf(r, "  <OL>\n%s  </OL>\n", apr_table_get(r->notes, TRACE_NOTE));
+    ap_rputs("  <H2>Environment for <EM>this</EM> call:</H2>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("  <UL>\n", r);
+    ap_rprintf(r, "   <LI>Applies-to: <SAMP>%s</SAMP>\n   </LI>\n", dcfg->loc);
+    ap_rprintf(r, "   <LI>\"Example\" directive declared here: %s\n   </LI>\n",
+            (dcfg->local ? "YES" : "NO"));
+    ap_rprintf(r, "   <LI>\"Example\" inherited: %s\n   </LI>\n",
+            (dcfg->congenital ? "YES" : "NO"));
+    ap_rputs("  </UL>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs(" </BODY>\n", r);
+    ap_rputs("</HTML>\n", r);
+    /*
+     * We're all done, so cancel the timeout we set.  Since this is probably
+     * the end of the request we *could* assume this would be done during
+     * post-processing - but it's possible that another handler might be
+     * called and inherit our outstanding timer.  Not good; to each its own.
+     */
+    /*
+     * We did what we wanted to do, so tell the rest of the server we
+     * succeeded.
+     */
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The quick_handler hook presents modules with a very powerful opportunity to
+ * serve their content in a very early request phase.  Note that this handler
+ * can not serve any requests from the file system because hooks like
+ * map_to_storage have not run.  The quick_handler hook also runs before any
+ * authentication and access control.
+ *
+ * This hook is used by mod_cache to serve cached content.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook. Return OK if you have served the request,
+ * DECLINED if you want processing to continue, or a HTTP_* error code to stop
+ * processing the request.
+ */
+static int x_quick_handler(request_rec *r, int lookup_uri)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_quick_handler()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called just after the server accepts the connection,
+ * but before it is handed off to a protocol module to be served.  The point
+ * of this hook is to allow modules an opportunity to modify the connection
+ * as soon as possible. The core server uses this phase to setup the
+ * connection record based on the type of connection that is being used.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook.
+ */
+static int x_pre_connection(conn_rec *c, void *csd)
+{
+    char *note;
+
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    note = apr_psprintf(c->pool, "x_pre_connection(c = %pp, p = %pp)",
+                        (void*) c, (void*) c->pool);
+    trace_connection(c, note);
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/* This routine is used to actually process the connection that was received.
+ * Only protocol modules should implement this hook, as it gives them an
+ * opportunity to replace the standard HTTP processing with processing for
+ * some other protocol.  Both echo and POP3 modules are available as
+ * examples.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook.
+ */
+static int x_process_connection(conn_rec *c)
+{
+    trace_connection(c, "x_process_connection()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called after the request has been read but before any other
+ * phases have been processed.  This allows us to make decisions based upon
+ * the input header fields.
+ *
+ * This is a HOOK_VOID hook.
+ */
+static void x_pre_read_request(request_rec *r, conn_rec *c)
+{
+    /*
+     * We don't actually *do* anything here, except note the fact that we were
+     * called.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_pre_read_request()");
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called after the request has been read but before any other
+ * phases have been processed.  This allows us to make decisions based upon
+ * the input header fields.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook.
+ */
+static int x_post_read_request(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * We don't actually *do* anything here, except note the fact that we were
+     * called.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_post_read_request()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine gives our module an opportunity to translate the URI into an
+ * actual filename, before URL decoding happens.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook.
+ */
+static int x_pre_translate_name(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * We don't actually *do* anything here, except note the fact that we were
+     * called.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_pre_translate_name()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine gives our module an opportunity to translate the URI into an
+ * actual filename.  If we don't do anything special, the server's default
+ * rules (Alias directives and the like) will continue to be followed.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook.
+ */
+static int x_translate_name(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * We don't actually *do* anything here, except note the fact that we were
+     * called.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_translate_name()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine maps r->filename to a physical file on disk.  Useful for
+ * overriding default core behavior, including skipping mapping for
+ * requests that are not file based.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook.
+ */
+static int x_map_to_storage(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * We don't actually *do* anything here, except note the fact that we were
+     * called.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_map_to_storage()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * this routine gives our module another chance to examine the request
+ * headers and to take special action. This is the first phase whose
+ * hooks' configuration directives can appear inside the <Directory>
+ * and similar sections, because at this stage the URI has been mapped
+ * to the filename. For example this phase can be used to block evil
+ * clients, while little resources were wasted on these.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook.
+ */
+static int x_header_parser(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * We don't actually *do* anything here, except note the fact that we were
+     * called.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_header_parser()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to check for any module-specific restrictions placed
+ * upon the requested resource.  (See the mod_access_compat module for an
+ * example.)
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook. The first handler to return a status other than OK
+ * or DECLINED (for instance, HTTP_FORBIDDEN) aborts the callback chain.
+ */
+static int x_check_access(request_rec *r)
+{
+    trace_request(r, "x_check_access()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to check the authentication information sent with
+ * the request (such as looking up the user in a database and verifying that
+ * the [encrypted] password sent matches the one in the database).
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook. The return value is OK, DECLINED, or some
+ * HTTP_mumble error (typically HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED).
+ */
+static int x_check_authn(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * Don't do anything except log the call.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_check_authn()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to check to see if the resource being requested
+ * requires authorisation.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook. The return value is OK, DECLINED, or
+ * HTTP_mumble.  If we return OK, no other modules are called during this
+ * phase.
+ *
+ * If *all* modules return DECLINED, the request is aborted with a server
+ * error.
+ */
+static int x_check_authz(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and return OK, or access will be denied (even though we
+     * didn't actually do anything).
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_check_authz()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to determine and/or set the various document type
+ * information bits, like Content-type (via r->content_type), language, et
+ * cetera.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook.
+ */
+static int x_type_checker(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call, but don't do anything else - and report truthfully that
+     * we didn't do anything.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_type_checker()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to perform any module-specific fixing of header
+ * fields, et cetera.  It is invoked just before any content-handler.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL HOOK.
+ */
+static int x_fixups(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * Log the call and exit.
+     */
+    trace_request(r, "x_fixups()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to perform any module-specific logging activities
+ * over and above the normal server things.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook.
+ */
+static int x_log_transaction(request_rec *r)
+{
+    trace_request(r, "x_log_transaction()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SUEXEC
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to find out under which user id to run suexec
+ * Unless our module runs CGI programs, there is no reason for us to
+ * mess with this information.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook. The return value is a pointer to an
+ * ap_unix_identity_t or NULL.
+ */
+static ap_unix_identity_t *x_get_suexec_identity(const request_rec *r)
+{
+    trace_request(r, "x_get_suexec_identity()");
+    return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This routine is called to create a connection. This hook is implemented
+ * by the Apache core: there is no known reason a module should override
+ * it.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_FIRST hook.
+ *
+ * Return NULL to decline, a valid conn_rec pointer to accept.
+ */
+static conn_rec *x_create_connection(apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *server,
+                                     apr_socket_t *csd, long conn_id,
+                                     void *sbh, apr_bucket_alloc_t *alloc)
+{
+    trace_nocontext(p, __FILE__, __LINE__, "x_create_connection()");
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This hook is defined in server/core.c, but it is not actually called
+ * or documented.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook.
+ */
+static int x_get_mgmt_items(apr_pool_t *p, const char *val, apr_hash_t *ht)
+{
+    /* We have nothing to do here but trace the call, and no context
+     * in which to trace it.
+     */
+    trace_nocontext(p, __FILE__, __LINE__, "x_check_config()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine gets called shortly after the request_rec structure
+ * is created. It provides the opportunity to manipulae the request
+ * at a very early stage.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook.
+ */
+static int x_create_request(request_rec *r)
+{
+    /*
+     * We have a request_rec, but it is not filled in enough to give
+     * us a usable configuration. So, add a trace without context.
+     */
+    trace_nocontext( r->pool, __FILE__, __LINE__, "x_create_request()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine gets called during the startup of the MPM.
+ * No known existing module implements this hook.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook.
+ */
+static int x_pre_mpm(apr_pool_t *p, ap_scoreboard_e sb_type)
+{
+    trace_nocontext(p, __FILE__, __LINE__, "x_pre_mpm()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This hook gets run periodically by a maintenance function inside
+ * the MPM. Its exact purpose is unknown and undocumented at this time.
+ *
+ * This is a RUN_ALL hook.
+ */
+static int x_monitor(apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *s)
+{
+    trace_nocontext(p, __FILE__, __LINE__, "x_monitor()");
+    return DECLINED;
+}
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*                                                                          */
+/* Which functions are responsible for which hooks in the server.           */
+/*                                                                          */
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*
+ * Each function our module provides to handle a particular hook is
+ * specified here.  The functions are registered using
+ * ap_hook_foo(name, predecessors, successors, position)
+ * where foo is the name of the hook.
+ *
+ * The args are as follows:
+ * name         -> the name of the function to call.
+ * predecessors -> a list of modules whose calls to this hook must be
+ *                 invoked before this module.
+ * successors   -> a list of modules whose calls to this hook must be
+ *                 invoked after this module.
+ * position     -> The relative position of this module.  One of
+ *                 APR_HOOK_FIRST, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE, or APR_HOOK_LAST.
+ *                 Most modules will use APR_HOOK_MIDDLE.  If multiple
+ *                 modules use the same relative position, Apache will
+ *                 determine which to call first.
+ *                 If your module relies on another module to run first,
+ *                 or another module running after yours, use the
+ *                 predecessors and/or successors.
+ *
+ * The number in brackets indicates the order in which the routine is called
+ * during request processing.  Note that not all routines are necessarily
+ * called (such as if a resource doesn't have access restrictions).
+ * The actual delivery of content to the browser [9] is not handled by
+ * a hook; see the handler declarations below.
+ */
+static void x_register_hooks(apr_pool_t *p)
+{
+    trace = NULL;
+    ap_hook_pre_config(x_pre_config, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_check_config(x_check_config, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_test_config(x_test_config, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_open_logs(x_open_logs, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_post_config(x_post_config, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_child_init(x_child_init, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_handler(x_handler, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_quick_handler(x_quick_handler, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_pre_connection(x_pre_connection, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_process_connection(x_process_connection, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_pre_read_request(x_pre_read_request, NULL, NULL,
+                              APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    /* [1] post read_request handling */
+    ap_hook_post_read_request(x_post_read_request, NULL, NULL,
+                              APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_log_transaction(x_log_transaction, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_http_scheme(x_http_scheme, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_default_port(x_default_port, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_pre_translate_name(x_pre_translate_name, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_translate_name(x_translate_name, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_map_to_storage(x_map_to_storage, NULL,NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_header_parser(x_header_parser, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_fixups(x_fixups, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_type_checker(x_type_checker, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_check_access(x_check_access, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE,
+                         AP_AUTH_INTERNAL_PER_CONF);
+    ap_hook_check_authn(x_check_authn, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE,
+                        AP_AUTH_INTERNAL_PER_CONF);
+    ap_hook_check_authz(x_check_authz, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE,
+                        AP_AUTH_INTERNAL_PER_CONF);
+    ap_hook_insert_filter(x_insert_filter, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_insert_error_filter(x_insert_error_filter, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SUEXEC
+    ap_hook_get_suexec_identity(x_get_suexec_identity, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+#endif
+    ap_hook_create_connection(x_create_connection, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_get_mgmt_items(x_get_mgmt_items, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_create_request(x_create_request, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_pre_mpm(x_pre_mpm, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+    ap_hook_monitor(x_monitor, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
+}
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*                                                                          */
+/* All of the routines have been declared now.  Here's the list of          */
+/* directives specific to our module, and information about where they      */
+/* may appear and how the command parser should pass them to us for         */
+/* processing.  Note that care must be taken to ensure that there are NO    */
+/* collisions of directive names between modules.                           */
+/*                                                                          */
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*
+ * List of directives specific to our module.
+ */
+static const command_rec x_cmds[] =
+{
+    AP_INIT_NO_ARGS(
+        "Example",                          /* directive name */
+        cmd_example,                        /* config action routine */
+        NULL,                               /* argument to include in call */
+        OR_OPTIONS,                         /* where available */
+        "Example directive - no arguments"  /* directive description */
+    ),
+    {NULL}
+};
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*                                                                          */
+/* Finally, the list of callback routines and data structures that provide  */
+/* the static hooks into our module from the other parts of the server.     */
+/*                                                                          */
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/*
+ * Module definition for configuration.  If a particular callback is not
+ * needed, replace its routine name below with the word NULL.
+ */
+AP_DECLARE_MODULE(example_hooks) =
+{
+    STANDARD20_MODULE_STUFF,
+    x_create_dir_config,    /* per-directory config creator */
+    x_merge_dir_config,     /* dir config merger */
+    x_create_server_config, /* server config creator */
+    x_merge_server_config,  /* server config merger */
+    x_cmds,                 /* command table */
+    x_register_hooks,       /* set up other request processing hooks */
+};