Adding upstream version 115.7.0esr.upstream/115.7.0esr

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

169 files changed, 27957 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/ContentHandlerService.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/ContentHandlerService.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..599185bcd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/ContentHandlerService.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "ContentHandlerService.h"
+#include "HandlerServiceChild.h"
+#include "ContentChild.h"
+#include "nsIMutableArray.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+#include "nsIStringEnumerator.h"
+#include "nsReadableUtils.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoChild.h"
+
+using mozilla::dom::ContentChild;
+using mozilla::dom::HandlerInfo;
+using mozilla::dom::PHandlerServiceChild;
+
+namespace mozilla {
+namespace dom {
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(ContentHandlerService, nsIHandlerService)
+
+ContentHandlerService::ContentHandlerService() {}
+
+/* static */ already_AddRefed<nsIHandlerService>
+ContentHandlerService::Create() {
+  if (XRE_IsContentProcess()) {
+    RefPtr service = new ContentHandlerService();
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(service->Init())) {
+      return service.forget();
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> service =
+      do_GetService("@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service-parent;1");
+  return service.forget();
+}
+
+nsresult ContentHandlerService::Init() {
+  if (!XRE_IsContentProcess()) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  ContentChild* cpc = ContentChild::GetSingleton();
+
+  mHandlerServiceChild = new HandlerServiceChild();
+  if (!cpc->SendPHandlerServiceConstructor(mHandlerServiceChild)) {
+    mHandlerServiceChild = nullptr;
+    return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+void ContentHandlerService::nsIHandlerInfoToHandlerInfo(
+    nsIHandlerInfo* aInfo, HandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo) {
+  nsCString type;
+  aInfo->GetType(type);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mimeInfo = do_QueryInterface(aInfo);
+  bool isMIMEInfo = !!mimeInfo;
+  nsString description;
+  aInfo->GetDescription(description);
+  bool alwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  aInfo->GetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(&alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> app;
+  aInfo->GetPreferredApplicationHandler(getter_AddRefs(app));
+  nsString name;
+  nsString detailedDescription;
+  if (app) {
+    app->GetName(name);
+    app->GetDetailedDescription(detailedDescription);
+  }
+  HandlerApp happ(name, detailedDescription);
+  nsTArray<HandlerApp> happs;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray> apps;
+  aInfo->GetPossibleApplicationHandlers(getter_AddRefs(apps));
+  if (apps) {
+    unsigned int length;
+    apps->GetLength(&length);
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      apps->QueryElementAt(i, NS_GET_IID(nsIHandlerApp), getter_AddRefs(app));
+      app->GetName(name);
+      app->GetDetailedDescription(detailedDescription);
+      happs.AppendElement(HandlerApp(name, detailedDescription));
+    }
+  }
+
+  nsTArray<nsCString> extensions;
+
+  if (isMIMEInfo) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIUTF8StringEnumerator> extensionsIter;
+    mimeInfo->GetFileExtensions(getter_AddRefs(extensionsIter));
+    if (extensionsIter) {
+      bool hasMore = false;
+      while (NS_SUCCEEDED(extensionsIter->HasMore(&hasMore)) && hasMore) {
+        nsAutoCString extension;
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(extensionsIter->GetNext(extension))) {
+          extensions.AppendElement(std::move(extension));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  nsHandlerInfoAction action;
+  aInfo->GetPreferredAction(&action);
+  HandlerInfo info(type, isMIMEInfo, description, alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+                   std::move(extensions), happ, happs, action);
+  *aHandlerInfo = info;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP RemoteHandlerApp::GetName(nsAString& aName) {
+  aName.Assign(mAppChild.name());
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP RemoteHandlerApp::SetName(const nsAString& aName) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP RemoteHandlerApp::GetDetailedDescription(
+    nsAString& aDetailedDescription) {
+  aDetailedDescription.Assign(mAppChild.detailedDescription());
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP RemoteHandlerApp::SetDetailedDescription(
+    const nsAString& aDetailedDescription) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP RemoteHandlerApp::Equals(nsIHandlerApp* aHandlerApp,
+                                       bool* _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP RemoteHandlerApp::LaunchWithURI(
+    nsIURI* aURI, BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(RemoteHandlerApp, nsIHandlerApp)
+
+static inline void CopyHandlerInfoTonsIHandlerInfo(
+    const HandlerInfo& info, nsIHandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo) {
+  HandlerApp preferredApplicationHandler = info.preferredApplicationHandler();
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> preferredApp(
+      new RemoteHandlerApp(preferredApplicationHandler));
+  aHandlerInfo->SetPreferredApplicationHandler(preferredApp);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray> possibleHandlers;
+  aHandlerInfo->GetPossibleApplicationHandlers(
+      getter_AddRefs(possibleHandlers));
+  possibleHandlers->AppendElement(preferredApp);
+
+  aHandlerInfo->SetPreferredAction(info.preferredAction());
+  aHandlerInfo->SetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(info.alwaysAskBeforeHandling());
+
+  if (info.isMIMEInfo()) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mimeInfo(do_QueryInterface(aHandlerInfo));
+    MOZ_ASSERT(mimeInfo,
+               "parent and child don't agree on whether this is a MIME info");
+    mimeInfo->SetFileExtensions(StringJoin(","_ns, info.extensions()));
+  }
+}
+
+ContentHandlerService::~ContentHandlerService() {}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::AsyncInit() {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::Enumerate(nsISimpleEnumerator** _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::FillHandlerInfo(
+    nsIHandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo, const nsACString& aOverrideType) {
+  HandlerInfo info, returnedInfo;
+  nsIHandlerInfoToHandlerInfo(aHandlerInfo, &info);
+  mHandlerServiceChild->SendFillHandlerInfo(info, aOverrideType, &returnedInfo);
+  CopyHandlerInfoTonsIHandlerInfo(returnedInfo, aHandlerInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(
+    const nsACString& aMIMEType, const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+    nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  HandlerInfo returnedInfo;
+  if (!mHandlerServiceChild->SendGetMIMEInfoFromOS(aMIMEType, aFileExt, &rv,
+                                                   &returnedInfo, aFound)) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  RefPtr<nsChildProcessMIMEInfo> mimeInfo =
+      new nsChildProcessMIMEInfo(returnedInfo.type());
+  CopyHandlerInfoTonsIHandlerInfo(returnedInfo, mimeInfo);
+  mimeInfo.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::Store(nsIHandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::Exists(nsIHandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo,
+                                            bool* _retval) {
+  HandlerInfo info;
+  nsIHandlerInfoToHandlerInfo(aHandlerInfo, &info);
+  mHandlerServiceChild->SendExists(info, _retval);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::Remove(nsIHandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ContentHandlerService::ExistsForProtocolOS(const nsACString& aProtocolScheme,
+                                           bool* aRetval) {
+  if (!mHandlerServiceChild->SendExistsForProtocolOS(aProtocolScheme,
+                                                     aRetval)) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ContentHandlerService::ExistsForProtocol(const nsACString& aProtocolScheme,
+                                         bool* aRetval) {
+  if (!mHandlerServiceChild->SendExistsForProtocol(aProtocolScheme, aRetval)) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::GetTypeFromExtension(
+    const nsACString& aFileExtension, nsACString& _retval) {
+  _retval.Assign(*mExtToTypeMap.LookupOrInsertWith(aFileExtension, [&] {
+    nsCString type;
+    mHandlerServiceChild->SendGetTypeFromExtension(aFileExtension, &type);
+    return MakeUnique<nsCString>(type);
+  }));
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ContentHandlerService::GetApplicationDescription(
+    const nsACString& aProtocolScheme, nsAString& aRetVal) {
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  nsAutoCString scheme(aProtocolScheme);
+  nsAutoString desc;
+  mHandlerServiceChild->SendGetApplicationDescription(scheme, &rv, &desc);
+  aRetVal.Assign(desc);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+}  // namespace dom
+}  // namespace mozilla
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/ContentHandlerService.h b/uriloader/exthandler/ContentHandlerService.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..650dbd9115
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/ContentHandlerService.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef ContentHandlerService_h
+#define ContentHandlerService_h
+
+#include "mozilla/dom/PHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsIHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsClassHashtable.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+
+namespace mozilla {
+
+class HandlerServiceChild;
+
+namespace dom {
+
+class PHandlerServiceChild;
+
+class ContentHandlerService : public nsIHandlerService {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIHANDLERSERVICE
+
+  ContentHandlerService();
+  [[nodiscard]] nsresult Init();
+  static void nsIHandlerInfoToHandlerInfo(nsIHandlerInfo* aInfo,
+                                          HandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo);
+
+  static already_AddRefed<nsIHandlerService> Create();
+
+ private:
+  virtual ~ContentHandlerService();
+  RefPtr<HandlerServiceChild> mHandlerServiceChild;
+  nsClassHashtable<nsCStringHashKey, nsCString> mExtToTypeMap;
+};
+
+class RemoteHandlerApp : public nsIHandlerApp {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIHANDLERAPP
+
+  explicit RemoteHandlerApp(HandlerApp aAppChild) : mAppChild(aAppChild) {}
+
+ private:
+  virtual ~RemoteHandlerApp() {}
+  HandlerApp mAppChild;
+};
+
+}  // namespace dom
+}  // namespace mozilla
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/DBusHelpers.h b/uriloader/exthandler/DBusHelpers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f4f64309d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/DBusHelpers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/* -*- Mode: c++; c-basic-offset: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 40 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file,
+ * You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef mozilla_DBusHelpers_h
+#define mozilla_DBusHelpers_h
+
+#include <dbus/dbus.h>
+#include "mozilla/UniquePtr.h"
+#include "mozilla/RefPtr.h"
+
+namespace mozilla {
+
+template <>
+struct RefPtrTraits<DBusMessage> {
+  static void AddRef(DBusMessage* aMessage) {
+    MOZ_ASSERT(aMessage);
+    dbus_message_ref(aMessage);
+  }
+  static void Release(DBusMessage* aMessage) {
+    MOZ_ASSERT(aMessage);
+    dbus_message_unref(aMessage);
+  }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct RefPtrTraits<DBusPendingCall> {
+  static void AddRef(DBusPendingCall* aPendingCall) {
+    MOZ_ASSERT(aPendingCall);
+    dbus_pending_call_ref(aPendingCall);
+  }
+  static void Release(DBusPendingCall* aPendingCall) {
+    MOZ_ASSERT(aPendingCall);
+    dbus_pending_call_unref(aPendingCall);
+  }
+};
+
+/*
+ * |RefPtrTraits<DBusConnection>| specializes |RefPtrTraits<>|
+ * for managing |DBusConnection| with |RefPtr|.
+ *
+ * |RefPtrTraits<DBusConnection>| will _not_ close the DBus
+ * connection upon the final unref. The caller is responsible
+ * for closing the connection.
+ */
+template <>
+struct RefPtrTraits<DBusConnection> {
+  static void AddRef(DBusConnection* aConnection) {
+    MOZ_ASSERT(aConnection);
+    dbus_connection_ref(aConnection);
+  }
+  static void Release(DBusConnection* aConnection) {
+    MOZ_ASSERT(aConnection);
+    dbus_connection_unref(aConnection);
+  }
+};
+
+/*
+ * |DBusConnectionDelete| is a deleter for managing instances
+ * of |DBusConnection| in |UniquePtr|. Upon destruction, it
+ * will close an open connection before unref'ing the data
+ * structure.
+ *
+ * Do not use |UniquePtr| with shared DBus connections. For
+ * shared connections, use |RefPtr|.
+ */
+class DBusConnectionDelete {
+ public:
+  constexpr DBusConnectionDelete() {}
+
+  void operator()(DBusConnection* aConnection) const {
+    MOZ_ASSERT(aConnection);
+    if (dbus_connection_get_is_connected(aConnection)) {
+      dbus_connection_close(aConnection);
+    }
+    dbus_connection_unref(aConnection);
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace mozilla
+
+#endif  // mozilla_DBusHelpers_h
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/ExtHandlerService.sys.mjs b/uriloader/exthandler/ExtHandlerService.sys.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85cff866b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/ExtHandlerService.sys.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,832 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+import { AppConstants } from "resource://gre/modules/AppConstants.sys.mjs";
+import { XPCOMUtils } from "resource://gre/modules/XPCOMUtils.sys.mjs";
+
+const {
+  saveToDisk,
+  alwaysAsk,
+  useHelperApp,
+  handleInternally,
+  useSystemDefault,
+} = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo;
+
+const TOPIC_PDFJS_HANDLER_CHANGED = "pdfjs:handlerChanged";
+
+const lazy = {};
+
+ChromeUtils.defineESModuleGetters(lazy, {
+  kHandlerList: "resource://gre/modules/handlers/HandlerList.sys.mjs",
+  kHandlerListVersion: "resource://gre/modules/handlers/HandlerList.sys.mjs",
+  FileUtils: "resource://gre/modules/FileUtils.sys.mjs",
+  JSONFile: "resource://gre/modules/JSONFile.sys.mjs",
+});
+import { Integration } from "resource://gre/modules/Integration.sys.mjs";
+
+Integration.downloads.defineESModuleGetter(
+  lazy,
+  "DownloadIntegration",
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  lazy,
+  "externalProtocolService",
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1",
+  "nsIExternalProtocolService"
+);
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  lazy,
+  "MIMEService",
+  "@mozilla.org/mime;1",
+  "nsIMIMEService"
+);
+
+export function HandlerService() {
+  // Observe handlersvc-json-replace so we can switch to the datasource
+  Services.obs.addObserver(this, "handlersvc-json-replace", true);
+}
+
+HandlerService.prototype = {
+  QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI([
+    "nsISupportsWeakReference",
+    "nsIHandlerService",
+    "nsIObserver",
+  ]),
+
+  __store: null,
+  get _store() {
+    if (!this.__store) {
+      this.__store = new lazy.JSONFile({
+        path: PathUtils.join(
+          Services.dirsvc.get("ProfD", Ci.nsIFile).path,
+          "handlers.json"
+        ),
+        dataPostProcessor: this._dataPostProcessor.bind(this),
+      });
+    }
+
+    // Always call this even if this.__store was set, since it may have been
+    // set by asyncInit, which might not have completed yet.
+    this._ensureStoreInitialized();
+    return this.__store;
+  },
+
+  __storeInitialized: false,
+  _ensureStoreInitialized() {
+    if (!this.__storeInitialized) {
+      this.__storeInitialized = true;
+      this.__store.ensureDataReady();
+
+      this._injectDefaultProtocolHandlersIfNeeded();
+      this._migrateProtocolHandlersIfNeeded();
+
+      Services.obs.notifyObservers(null, "handlersvc-store-initialized");
+
+      // Bug 1736924: run migration for browser.download.improvements_to_download_panel if applicable.
+      // Since we need DownloadsViewInternally to verify mimetypes, we run this after
+      // DownloadsViewInternally is registered via the 'handlersvc-store-initialized' notification.
+      this._migrateDownloadsImprovementsIfNeeded();
+      this._migrateSVGXMLIfNeeded();
+    }
+  },
+
+  _dataPostProcessor(data) {
+    return data.defaultHandlersVersion
+      ? data
+      : {
+          defaultHandlersVersion: {},
+          mimeTypes: {},
+          schemes: {},
+          isDownloadsImprovementsAlreadyMigrated: false,
+        };
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Injects new default protocol handlers if the version in the preferences is
+   * newer than the one in the data store.
+   */
+  _injectDefaultProtocolHandlersIfNeeded() {
+    try {
+      let defaultHandlersVersion = Services.prefs.getIntPref(
+        "gecko.handlerService.defaultHandlersVersion",
+        0
+      );
+      if (defaultHandlersVersion < lazy.kHandlerListVersion) {
+        this._injectDefaultProtocolHandlers();
+        Services.prefs.setIntPref(
+          "gecko.handlerService.defaultHandlersVersion",
+          lazy.kHandlerListVersion
+        );
+        // Now save the result:
+        this._store.saveSoon();
+      }
+    } catch (ex) {
+      console.error(ex);
+    }
+  },
+
+  _injectDefaultProtocolHandlers() {
+    let locale = Services.locale.appLocaleAsBCP47;
+
+    // Initialize handlers to default and update based on locale.
+    let localeHandlers = lazy.kHandlerList.default;
+    if (lazy.kHandlerList[locale]) {
+      for (let scheme in lazy.kHandlerList[locale].schemes) {
+        localeHandlers.schemes[scheme] =
+          lazy.kHandlerList[locale].schemes[scheme];
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Now, we're going to cheat. Terribly. The idiologically correct way
+    // of implementing the following bit of code would be to fetch the
+    // handler info objects from the protocol service, manipulate those,
+    // and then store each of them.
+    // However, that's expensive. It causes us to talk to the OS about
+    // default apps, which causes the OS to go hit the disk.
+    // All we're trying to do is insert some web apps into the list. We
+    // don't care what's already in the file, we just want to do the
+    // equivalent of appending into the database. So let's just go do that:
+    for (let scheme of Object.keys(localeHandlers.schemes)) {
+      if (scheme == "mailto" && AppConstants.MOZ_APP_NAME == "thunderbird") {
+        // Thunderbird IS a mailto handler, it doesn't need handlers added.
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      let existingSchemeInfo = this._store.data.schemes[scheme];
+      if (!existingSchemeInfo) {
+        // Haven't seen this scheme before. Default to asking which app the
+        // user wants to use:
+        existingSchemeInfo = {
+          // Signal to future readers that we didn't ask the OS anything.
+          // When the entry is first used, get the info from the OS.
+          stubEntry: true,
+          // The first item in the list is the preferred handler, and
+          // there isn't one, so we fill in null:
+          handlers: [null],
+        };
+        this._store.data.schemes[scheme] = existingSchemeInfo;
+      }
+      let { handlers } = existingSchemeInfo;
+      for (let newHandler of localeHandlers.schemes[scheme].handlers) {
+        // If there is already a handler registered with the same template
+        // URL, ignore the new one:
+        let matchingTemplate = handler =>
+          handler && handler.uriTemplate == newHandler.uriTemplate;
+        if (!handlers.some(matchingTemplate)) {
+          handlers.push(newHandler);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Execute any migrations. Migrations are defined here for any changes or removals for
+   * existing handlers. Additions are still handled via the localized prefs infrastructure.
+   *
+   * This depends on the browser.handlers.migrations pref being set by migrateUI in
+   * nsBrowserGlue (for Fx Desktop) or similar mechanisms for other products.
+   * This is a comma-separated list of identifiers of migrations that need running.
+   * This avoids both re-running older migrations and keeping an additional
+   * pref around permanently.
+   */
+  _migrateProtocolHandlersIfNeeded() {
+    const kMigrations = {
+      "30boxes": () => {
+        const k30BoxesRegex =
+          /^https?:\/\/(?:www\.)?30boxes.com\/external\/widget/i;
+        let webcalHandler =
+          lazy.externalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo("webcal");
+        if (this.exists(webcalHandler)) {
+          this.fillHandlerInfo(webcalHandler, "");
+          let shouldStore = false;
+          // First remove 30boxes from possible handlers.
+          let handlers = webcalHandler.possibleApplicationHandlers;
+          for (let i = handlers.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            let app = handlers.queryElementAt(i, Ci.nsIHandlerApp);
+            if (
+              app instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp &&
+              k30BoxesRegex.test(app.uriTemplate)
+            ) {
+              shouldStore = true;
+              handlers.removeElementAt(i);
+            }
+          }
+          // Then remove as a preferred handler.
+          if (webcalHandler.preferredApplicationHandler) {
+            let app = webcalHandler.preferredApplicationHandler;
+            if (
+              app instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp &&
+              k30BoxesRegex.test(app.uriTemplate)
+            ) {
+              webcalHandler.preferredApplicationHandler = null;
+              shouldStore = true;
+            }
+          }
+          // Then store, if we changed anything.
+          if (shouldStore) {
+            this.store(webcalHandler);
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      // See https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1526890 for context.
+      "secure-mail": () => {
+        const kSubstitutions = new Map([
+          [
+            "http://compose.mail.yahoo.co.jp/ym/Compose?To=%s",
+            "https://mail.yahoo.co.jp/compose/?To=%s",
+          ],
+          [
+            "http://www.inbox.lv/rfc2368/?value=%s",
+            "https://mail.inbox.lv/compose?to=%s",
+          ],
+          [
+            "http://poczta.interia.pl/mh/?mailto=%s",
+            "https://poczta.interia.pl/mh/?mailto=%s",
+          ],
+          [
+            "http://win.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?mailto=%s",
+            "https://e.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?mailto=%s",
+          ],
+        ]);
+
+        function maybeReplaceURL(app) {
+          if (app instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp) {
+            let { uriTemplate } = app;
+            let sub = kSubstitutions.get(uriTemplate);
+            if (sub) {
+              app.uriTemplate = sub;
+              return true;
+            }
+          }
+          return false;
+        }
+        let mailHandler =
+          lazy.externalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto");
+        if (this.exists(mailHandler)) {
+          this.fillHandlerInfo(mailHandler, "");
+          let handlers = mailHandler.possibleApplicationHandlers;
+          let shouldStore = false;
+          for (let i = handlers.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            let app = handlers.queryElementAt(i, Ci.nsIHandlerApp);
+            // Note: will evaluate the RHS because it's a binary rather than
+            // logical or.
+            shouldStore |= maybeReplaceURL(app);
+          }
+          // Then check the preferred handler.
+          if (mailHandler.preferredApplicationHandler) {
+            shouldStore |= maybeReplaceURL(
+              mailHandler.preferredApplicationHandler
+            );
+          }
+          // Then store, if we changed anything. Note that store() handles
+          // duplicates, so we don't have to.
+          if (shouldStore) {
+            this.store(mailHandler);
+          }
+        }
+      },
+    };
+    let migrationsToRun = Services.prefs.getCharPref(
+      "browser.handlers.migrations",
+      ""
+    );
+    migrationsToRun = migrationsToRun ? migrationsToRun.split(",") : [];
+    for (let migration of migrationsToRun) {
+      migration.trim();
+      try {
+        kMigrations[migration]();
+      } catch (ex) {
+        console.error(ex);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (migrationsToRun.length) {
+      Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.handlers.migrations");
+    }
+  },
+
+  _onDBChange() {
+    return (async () => {
+      if (this.__store) {
+        await this.__store.finalize();
+      }
+      this.__store = null;
+      this.__storeInitialized = false;
+    })().catch(console.error);
+  },
+
+  // nsIObserver
+  observe(subject, topic, data) {
+    if (topic != "handlersvc-json-replace") {
+      return;
+    }
+    let promise = this._onDBChange();
+    promise.then(() => {
+      Services.obs.notifyObservers(null, "handlersvc-json-replace-complete");
+    });
+  },
+
+  // nsIHandlerService
+  asyncInit() {
+    if (!this.__store) {
+      this.__store = new lazy.JSONFile({
+        path: PathUtils.join(
+          Services.dirsvc.get("ProfD", Ci.nsIFile).path,
+          "handlers.json"
+        ),
+        dataPostProcessor: this._dataPostProcessor.bind(this),
+      });
+      this.__store
+        .load()
+        .then(() => {
+          // __store can be null if we called _onDBChange in the mean time.
+          if (this.__store) {
+            this._ensureStoreInitialized();
+          }
+        })
+        .catch(console.error);
+    }
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Update already existing handlers for non-internal mimetypes to have prefs set from alwaysAsk
+   * to saveToDisk. However, if reading an internal mimetype and set to alwaysAsk, update to use handleInternally.
+   * This migration is needed since browser.download.improvements_to_download_panel does not
+   * override user preferences if preferredAction = alwaysAsk. By doing so, we can ensure that file prompt
+   * behaviours remain consistent for most files.
+   *
+   * See Bug 1736924 for more information.
+   */
+  _noInternalHandlingDefault: new Set([
+    "text/xml",
+    "application/xml",
+    "image/svg+xml",
+  ]),
+  _migrateDownloadsImprovementsIfNeeded() {
+    // Migrate if the migration has never been run before.
+    // Otherwise, we risk overwriting preferences for existing profiles!
+    if (
+      Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+        "browser.download.improvements_to_download_panel",
+        true
+      ) &&
+      !Services.policies?.getActivePolicies()?.Handlers &&
+      !this._store.data.isDownloadsImprovementsAlreadyMigrated &&
+      AppConstants.MOZ_APP_NAME != "thunderbird"
+    ) {
+      for (let [type, mimeInfo] of Object.entries(this._store.data.mimeTypes)) {
+        let isViewableInternally =
+          lazy.DownloadIntegration.shouldViewDownloadInternally(type) &&
+          !this._noInternalHandlingDefault.has(type);
+        let isAskOnly = mimeInfo && mimeInfo.ask;
+
+        if (isAskOnly) {
+          if (isViewableInternally) {
+            mimeInfo.action = handleInternally;
+          } else {
+            mimeInfo.action = saveToDisk;
+          }
+
+          // Sets alwaysAskBeforeHandling to false. Needed to ensure that:
+          // preferredAction appears as expected in preferences table; and
+          // downloads behaviour is updated to never show UCT window.
+          mimeInfo.ask = false;
+        }
+      }
+
+      this._store.data.isDownloadsImprovementsAlreadyMigrated = true;
+      this._store.saveSoon();
+    }
+  },
+
+  _migrateSVGXMLIfNeeded() {
+    // Migrate if the migration has never been run before.
+    // We need to make sure we only run this once.
+    if (
+      Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+        "browser.download.improvements_to_download_panel",
+        true
+      ) &&
+      !Services.policies?.getActivePolicies()?.Handlers &&
+      !this._store.data.isSVGXMLAlreadyMigrated
+    ) {
+      for (let type of this._noInternalHandlingDefault) {
+        if (Object.hasOwn(this._store.data.mimeTypes, type)) {
+          let mimeInfo = this._store.data.mimeTypes[type];
+          if (!mimeInfo.ask && mimeInfo.action == handleInternally) {
+            mimeInfo.action = saveToDisk;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      this._store.data.isSVGXMLAlreadyMigrated = true;
+      this._store.saveSoon();
+    }
+  },
+
+  // nsIHandlerService
+  enumerate() {
+    let handlers = Cc["@mozilla.org/array;1"].createInstance(
+      Ci.nsIMutableArray
+    );
+    for (let [type, typeInfo] of Object.entries(this._store.data.mimeTypes)) {
+      let primaryExtension = typeInfo.extensions?.[0] ?? null;
+      let handler = lazy.MIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+        type,
+        primaryExtension
+      );
+      handlers.appendElement(handler);
+    }
+    for (let type of Object.keys(this._store.data.schemes)) {
+      // nsIExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo can be expensive
+      // on Windows, so we return a proxy to delay retrieving the nsIHandlerInfo
+      // until one of its properties is accessed.
+      //
+      // Note: our caller still needs to yield periodically when iterating
+      // the enumerator and accessing handler properties to avoid monopolizing
+      // the main thread.
+      //
+      let handler = new Proxy(
+        {
+          QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI(["nsIHandlerInfo"]),
+          type,
+          get _handlerInfo() {
+            delete this._handlerInfo;
+            return (this._handlerInfo =
+              lazy.externalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo(type));
+          },
+        },
+        {
+          get(target, name) {
+            return target[name] || target._handlerInfo[name];
+          },
+          set(target, name, value) {
+            target._handlerInfo[name] = value;
+          },
+        }
+      );
+      handlers.appendElement(handler);
+    }
+    return handlers.enumerate(Ci.nsIHandlerInfo);
+  },
+
+  // nsIHandlerService
+  store(handlerInfo) {
+    let handlerList = this._getHandlerListByHandlerInfoType(handlerInfo);
+
+    // Retrieve an existing entry if present, instead of creating a new one, so
+    // that we preserve unknown properties for forward compatibility.
+    let storedHandlerInfo = handlerList[handlerInfo.type];
+    if (!storedHandlerInfo) {
+      storedHandlerInfo = {};
+      handlerList[handlerInfo.type] = storedHandlerInfo;
+    }
+
+    // Only a limited number of preferredAction values is allowed.
+    if (
+      handlerInfo.preferredAction == saveToDisk ||
+      handlerInfo.preferredAction == useSystemDefault ||
+      handlerInfo.preferredAction == handleInternally ||
+      // For files (ie mimetype rather than protocol handling info), ensure
+      // we can store the "always ask" state, too:
+      (handlerInfo.preferredAction == alwaysAsk &&
+        this._isMIMEInfo(handlerInfo) &&
+        Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+          "browser.download.improvements_to_download_panel",
+          true
+        ))
+    ) {
+      storedHandlerInfo.action = handlerInfo.preferredAction;
+    } else {
+      storedHandlerInfo.action = useHelperApp;
+    }
+
+    if (handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling) {
+      storedHandlerInfo.ask = true;
+    } else {
+      delete storedHandlerInfo.ask;
+    }
+
+    // Build a list of unique nsIHandlerInfo instances to process later.
+    let handlers = [];
+    if (handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler) {
+      handlers.push(handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler);
+    }
+    for (let handler of handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.enumerate(
+      Ci.nsIHandlerApp
+    )) {
+      // If the caller stored duplicate handlers, we save them only once.
+      if (!handlers.some(h => h.equals(handler))) {
+        handlers.push(handler);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // If any of the nsIHandlerInfo instances cannot be serialized, it is not
+    // included in the final list. The first element is always the preferred
+    // handler, or null if there is none.
+    let serializableHandlers = handlers
+      .map(h => this.handlerAppToSerializable(h))
+      .filter(h => h);
+    if (serializableHandlers.length) {
+      if (!handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler) {
+        serializableHandlers.unshift(null);
+      }
+      storedHandlerInfo.handlers = serializableHandlers;
+    } else {
+      delete storedHandlerInfo.handlers;
+    }
+
+    if (this._isMIMEInfo(handlerInfo)) {
+      let extensions = storedHandlerInfo.extensions || [];
+      for (let extension of handlerInfo.getFileExtensions()) {
+        extension = extension.toLowerCase();
+        // If the caller stored duplicate extensions, we save them only once.
+        if (!extensions.includes(extension)) {
+          extensions.push(extension);
+        }
+      }
+      if (extensions.length) {
+        storedHandlerInfo.extensions = extensions;
+      } else {
+        delete storedHandlerInfo.extensions;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // If we're saving *anything*, it stops being a stub:
+    delete storedHandlerInfo.stubEntry;
+
+    this._store.saveSoon();
+
+    // Now notify PDF.js. This is hacky, but a lot better than expecting all
+    // the consumers to do it...
+    if (handlerInfo.type == "application/pdf") {
+      Services.obs.notifyObservers(null, TOPIC_PDFJS_HANDLER_CHANGED);
+    }
+  },
+
+  // nsIHandlerService
+  fillHandlerInfo(handlerInfo, overrideType) {
+    let type = overrideType || handlerInfo.type;
+    let storedHandlerInfo =
+      this._getHandlerListByHandlerInfoType(handlerInfo)[type];
+    if (!storedHandlerInfo) {
+      throw new Components.Exception(
+        "handlerSvc fillHandlerInfo: don't know this type",
+        Cr.NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE
+      );
+    }
+
+    let isStub = !!storedHandlerInfo.stubEntry;
+    // In the normal case, this is not a stub, so we can just read stored info
+    // and write to the handlerInfo object we were passed.
+    if (!isStub) {
+      handlerInfo.preferredAction = storedHandlerInfo.action;
+      handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = !!storedHandlerInfo.ask;
+    } else {
+      // If we've got a stub, ensure the defaults are still set:
+      lazy.externalProtocolService.setProtocolHandlerDefaults(
+        handlerInfo,
+        handlerInfo.hasDefaultHandler
+      );
+      if (
+        handlerInfo.preferredAction == alwaysAsk &&
+        handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling
+      ) {
+        // `store` will default to `useHelperApp` because `alwaysAsk` is
+        // not one of the 3 recognized options; for compatibility, do
+        // the same here.
+        handlerInfo.preferredAction = useHelperApp;
+      }
+    }
+    // If it *is* a stub, don't override alwaysAskBeforeHandling or the
+    // preferred actions. Instead, just append the stored handlers, without
+    // overriding the preferred app, and then schedule a task to store proper
+    // info for this handler.
+    this._appendStoredHandlers(handlerInfo, storedHandlerInfo.handlers, isStub);
+
+    if (this._isMIMEInfo(handlerInfo) && storedHandlerInfo.extensions) {
+      for (let extension of storedHandlerInfo.extensions) {
+        handlerInfo.appendExtension(extension);
+      }
+    } else if (this._mockedHandler) {
+      this._insertMockedHandler(handlerInfo);
+    }
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Private method to inject stored handler information into an nsIHandlerInfo
+   * instance.
+   * @param handlerInfo           the nsIHandlerInfo instance to write to
+   * @param storedHandlers        the stored handlers
+   * @param keepPreferredApp      whether to keep the handlerInfo's
+   *                              preferredApplicationHandler or override it
+   *                              (default: false, ie override it)
+   */
+  _appendStoredHandlers(handlerInfo, storedHandlers, keepPreferredApp) {
+    // If the first item is not null, it is also the preferred handler. Since
+    // we cannot modify the stored array, use a boolean to keep track of this.
+    let isFirstItem = true;
+    for (let handler of storedHandlers || [null]) {
+      let handlerApp = this.handlerAppFromSerializable(handler || {});
+      if (isFirstItem) {
+        isFirstItem = false;
+        // Do not overwrite the preferred app unless that's allowed
+        if (!keepPreferredApp) {
+          handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = handlerApp;
+        }
+      }
+      if (handlerApp) {
+        handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(handlerApp);
+      }
+    }
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * @param handler
+   *        A nsIHandlerApp handler app
+   * @returns  Serializable representation of a handler app object.
+   */
+  handlerAppToSerializable(handler) {
+    if (handler instanceof Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp) {
+      return {
+        name: handler.name,
+        path: handler.executable.path,
+      };
+    } else if (handler instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp) {
+      return {
+        name: handler.name,
+        uriTemplate: handler.uriTemplate,
+      };
+    } else if (handler instanceof Ci.nsIDBusHandlerApp) {
+      return {
+        name: handler.name,
+        service: handler.service,
+        method: handler.method,
+        objectPath: handler.objectPath,
+        dBusInterface: handler.dBusInterface,
+      };
+    } else if (handler instanceof Ci.nsIGIOMimeApp) {
+      return {
+        name: handler.name,
+        command: handler.command,
+      };
+    }
+    // If the handler is an unknown handler type, return null.
+    // Android default application handler is the case.
+    return null;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * @param handlerObj
+   *        Serializable representation of a handler object.
+   * @returns  {nsIHandlerApp}  the handler app, if any; otherwise null
+   */
+  handlerAppFromSerializable(handlerObj) {
+    let handlerApp;
+    if ("path" in handlerObj) {
+      try {
+        let file = new lazy.FileUtils.File(handlerObj.path);
+        if (!file.exists()) {
+          return null;
+        }
+        handlerApp = Cc[
+          "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+        ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+        handlerApp.executable = file;
+      } catch (ex) {
+        return null;
+      }
+    } else if ("uriTemplate" in handlerObj) {
+      handlerApp = Cc[
+        "@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1"
+      ].createInstance(Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+      handlerApp.uriTemplate = handlerObj.uriTemplate;
+    } else if ("service" in handlerObj) {
+      handlerApp = Cc[
+        "@mozilla.org/uriloader/dbus-handler-app;1"
+      ].createInstance(Ci.nsIDBusHandlerApp);
+      handlerApp.service = handlerObj.service;
+      handlerApp.method = handlerObj.method;
+      handlerApp.objectPath = handlerObj.objectPath;
+      handlerApp.dBusInterface = handlerObj.dBusInterface;
+    } else if ("command" in handlerObj && "@mozilla.org/gio-service;1" in Cc) {
+      try {
+        handlerApp = Cc["@mozilla.org/gio-service;1"]
+          .getService(Ci.nsIGIOService)
+          .createAppFromCommand(handlerObj.command, handlerObj.name);
+      } catch (ex) {
+        return null;
+      }
+    } else {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    handlerApp.name = handlerObj.name;
+    return handlerApp;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * The function returns a reference to the "mimeTypes" or "schemes" object
+   * based on which type of handlerInfo is provided.
+   */
+  _getHandlerListByHandlerInfoType(handlerInfo) {
+    return this._isMIMEInfo(handlerInfo)
+      ? this._store.data.mimeTypes
+      : this._store.data.schemes;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Determines whether an nsIHandlerInfo instance represents a MIME type.
+   */
+  _isMIMEInfo(handlerInfo) {
+    // We cannot rely only on the instanceof check because on Android both MIME
+    // types and protocols are instances of nsIMIMEInfo. We still do the check
+    // so that properties of nsIMIMEInfo become available to the callers.
+    return (
+      handlerInfo instanceof Ci.nsIMIMEInfo && handlerInfo.type.includes("/")
+    );
+  },
+
+  // nsIHandlerService
+  exists(handlerInfo) {
+    return (
+      handlerInfo.type in this._getHandlerListByHandlerInfoType(handlerInfo)
+    );
+  },
+
+  // nsIHandlerService
+  remove(handlerInfo) {
+    delete this._getHandlerListByHandlerInfoType(handlerInfo)[handlerInfo.type];
+    this._store.saveSoon();
+  },
+
+  // nsIHandlerService
+  getTypeFromExtension(fileExtension) {
+    let extension = fileExtension.toLowerCase();
+    let mimeTypes = this._store.data.mimeTypes;
+    for (let type of Object.keys(mimeTypes)) {
+      if (
+        mimeTypes[type].extensions &&
+        mimeTypes[type].extensions.includes(extension)
+      ) {
+        return type;
+      }
+    }
+    return "";
+  },
+
+  _mockedHandler: null,
+  _mockedProtocol: null,
+
+  _insertMockedHandler(handlerInfo) {
+    if (handlerInfo.type == this._mockedProtocol) {
+      handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = this._mockedHandler;
+      handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.insertElementAt(
+        this._mockedHandler,
+        0
+      );
+    }
+  },
+
+  // test-only: mock the handler instance for a particular protocol/scheme
+  mockProtocolHandler(protocol) {
+    if (!protocol) {
+      this._mockedProtocol = null;
+      this._mockedHandler = null;
+      return;
+    }
+    this._mockedProtocol = protocol;
+    this._mockedHandler = {
+      QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI([Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp]),
+      launchWithURI(uri, context) {
+        Services.obs.notifyObservers(uri, "mocked-protocol-handler");
+      },
+      name: "Mocked handler",
+      detailedDescription: "Mocked handler for tests",
+      equals(x) {
+        return x == this;
+      },
+      get executable() {
+        if (AppConstants.platform == "macosx") {
+          // We need an app path that isn't us, nor in our app bundle, and
+          // Apple no longer allows us to read the default-shipped apps
+          // in /Applications/ - except for Safari, it would appear!
+          let f = Cc["@mozilla.org/file/local;1"].createInstance(Ci.nsIFile);
+          f.initWithPath("/Applications/Safari.app");
+          return f;
+        }
+        return Services.dirsvc.get("XCurProcD", Ci.nsIFile);
+      },
+      parameterCount: 0,
+      clearParameters() {},
+      appendParameter() {},
+      getParameter() {},
+      parameterExists() {
+        return false;
+      },
+    };
+  },
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppChild.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppChild.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..569d42e7a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppChild.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "ExternalHelperAppChild.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/BrowserChild.h"
+#include "nsIInputStream.h"
+#include "nsIRequest.h"
+#include "nsIResumableChannel.h"
+#include "nsIPropertyBag2.h"
+#include "nsNetUtil.h"
+
+namespace mozilla {
+namespace dom {
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(ExternalHelperAppChild, nsIStreamListener, nsIRequestObserver)
+
+ExternalHelperAppChild::ExternalHelperAppChild() : mStatus(NS_OK) {}
+
+ExternalHelperAppChild::~ExternalHelperAppChild() {}
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// nsIStreamListener
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppChild::OnDataAvailable(nsIRequest* request,
+                                        nsIInputStream* input, uint64_t offset,
+                                        uint32_t count) {
+  if (NS_FAILED(mStatus)) return mStatus;
+
+  static uint32_t const kCopyChunkSize = 128 * 1024;
+  uint32_t toRead = std::min<uint32_t>(count, kCopyChunkSize);
+
+  nsCString data;
+
+  while (count) {
+    nsresult rv = NS_ReadInputStreamToString(input, data, toRead);
+    if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+      return rv;
+    }
+
+    if (NS_WARN_IF(!SendOnDataAvailable(data, offset, toRead))) {
+      return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+    }
+
+    count -= toRead;
+    offset += toRead;
+    toRead = std::min<uint32_t>(count, kCopyChunkSize);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// nsIRequestObserver
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppChild::OnStartRequest(nsIRequest* request) {
+  nsresult rv = mHandler->OnStartRequest(request);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED);
+
+  nsCString entityID;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIResumableChannel> resumable(do_QueryInterface(request));
+  if (resumable) {
+    resumable->GetEntityID(entityID);
+  }
+  SendOnStartRequest(entityID);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppChild::OnStopRequest(nsIRequest* request, nsresult status) {
+  // mHandler can be null if we diverted the request to the parent
+  if (mHandler) {
+    nsresult rv = mHandler->OnStopRequest(request, status);
+    SendOnStopRequest(status);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult ExternalHelperAppChild::RecvCancel(
+    const nsresult& aStatus) {
+  mStatus = aStatus;
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+}  // namespace dom
+}  // namespace mozilla
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppChild.h b/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppChild.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b189499fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppChild.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef mozilla_dom_ExternalHelperAppChild_h
+#define mozilla_dom_ExternalHelperAppChild_h
+
+#include "mozilla/dom/PExternalHelperAppChild.h"
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsIStreamListener.h"
+
+class nsIDivertableChannel;
+
+namespace mozilla::dom {
+
+class BrowserChild;
+
+class ExternalHelperAppChild : public PExternalHelperAppChild,
+                               public nsIStreamListener {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSISTREAMLISTENER
+  NS_DECL_NSIREQUESTOBSERVER
+
+  ExternalHelperAppChild();
+
+  // Give the listener a real nsExternalAppHandler to complete processing on
+  // the child.
+  void SetHandler(nsExternalAppHandler* handler) { mHandler = handler; }
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvCancel(const nsresult& aStatus);
+
+ private:
+  virtual ~ExternalHelperAppChild();
+
+  RefPtr<nsExternalAppHandler> mHandler;
+  nsresult mStatus;
+};
+
+}  // namespace mozilla::dom
+
+#endif  // mozilla_dom_ExternalHelperAppChild_h
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppParent.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppParent.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ebfcb7f37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppParent.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,477 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "mozilla/DebugOnly.h"
+
+#include "ExternalHelperAppParent.h"
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsIContent.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsIExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/ContentParent.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/Element.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/BrowserParent.h"
+#include "nsStringStream.h"
+#include "mozilla/ipc/URIUtils.h"
+#include "nsNetUtil.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/Document.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/CanonicalBrowsingContext.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/WindowGlobalParent.h"
+#include "nsQueryObject.h"
+
+#include "mozilla/Unused.h"
+
+using namespace mozilla::ipc;
+
+namespace mozilla {
+namespace dom {
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS_INHERITED(ExternalHelperAppParent, nsHashPropertyBag,
+                            nsIRequest, nsIChannel, nsIMultiPartChannel,
+                            nsIPrivateBrowsingChannel, nsIResumableChannel,
+                            nsIStreamListener, nsIExternalHelperAppParent)
+
+ExternalHelperAppParent::ExternalHelperAppParent(
+    nsIURI* uri, const int64_t& aContentLength, const bool& aWasFileChannel,
+    const nsACString& aContentDispositionHeader,
+    const uint32_t& aContentDispositionHint,
+    const nsAString& aContentDispositionFilename)
+    : mURI(uri),
+      mPending(false),
+      mIPCClosed(false),
+      mLoadFlags(0),
+      mStatus(NS_OK),
+      mCanceled(false),
+      mContentLength(aContentLength),
+      mWasFileChannel(aWasFileChannel) {
+  mContentDispositionHeader = aContentDispositionHeader;
+  if (!mContentDispositionHeader.IsEmpty()) {
+    NS_GetFilenameFromDisposition(mContentDispositionFilename,
+                                  mContentDispositionHeader);
+    mContentDisposition =
+        NS_GetContentDispositionFromHeader(mContentDispositionHeader, this);
+  } else {
+    mContentDisposition = aContentDispositionHint;
+    mContentDispositionFilename = aContentDispositionFilename;
+  }
+}
+
+bool ExternalHelperAppParent::Init(
+    const Maybe<mozilla::net::LoadInfoArgs>& aLoadInfoArgs,
+    const nsACString& aMimeContentType, const bool& aForceSave,
+    nsIURI* aReferrer, BrowsingContext* aContext,
+    const bool& aShouldCloseWindow) {
+  nsresult rv = mozilla::ipc::LoadInfoArgsToLoadInfo(
+      aLoadInfoArgs, ContentParent::Cast(Manager())->GetRemoteType(),
+      getter_AddRefs(mLoadInfo));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIExternalHelperAppService> helperAppService =
+      do_GetService(NS_EXTERNALHELPERAPPSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  NS_ASSERTION(helperAppService, "No Helper App Service!");
+
+  if (aReferrer) {
+    SetPropertyAsInterface(u"docshell.internalReferrer"_ns, aReferrer);
+  }
+
+  if (aContext) {
+    WindowGlobalParent* parent =
+        aContext->Canonical()->GetCurrentWindowGlobal();
+    if (parent) {
+      RefPtr<BrowserParent> browser = parent->GetBrowserParent();
+      if (browser) {
+        bool isPrivate = false;
+        nsCOMPtr<nsILoadContext> loadContext = browser->GetLoadContext();
+        loadContext->GetUsePrivateBrowsing(&isPrivate);
+        SetPrivate(isPrivate);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  helperAppService->CreateListener(aMimeContentType, this, aContext, aForceSave,
+                                   nullptr, getter_AddRefs(mListener));
+  if (!mListener) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (aShouldCloseWindow) {
+    RefPtr<nsExternalAppHandler> handler = do_QueryObject(mListener);
+    if (handler) {
+      handler->SetShouldCloseWindow();
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+void ExternalHelperAppParent::ActorDestroy(ActorDestroyReason why) {
+  mIPCClosed = true;
+}
+
+void ExternalHelperAppParent::Delete() {
+  if (!mIPCClosed) {
+    Unused << Send__delete__(this);
+  }
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult ExternalHelperAppParent::RecvOnStartRequest(
+    const nsACString& entityID) {
+  mEntityID = entityID;
+  mPending = true;
+  mStatus = mListener->OnStartRequest(this);
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult ExternalHelperAppParent::RecvOnDataAvailable(
+    const nsACString& data, const uint64_t& offset, const uint32_t& count) {
+  if (NS_FAILED(mStatus)) {
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+
+  MOZ_ASSERT(mPending, "must be pending!");
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIInputStream> stringStream;
+  DebugOnly<nsresult> rv = NS_NewByteInputStream(
+      getter_AddRefs(stringStream), Span(data).To(count), NS_ASSIGNMENT_DEPEND);
+  NS_ASSERTION(NS_SUCCEEDED(rv), "failed to create dependent string!");
+  mStatus = mListener->OnDataAvailable(this, stringStream, offset, count);
+
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult ExternalHelperAppParent::RecvOnStopRequest(
+    const nsresult& code) {
+  mPending = false;
+  mListener->OnStopRequest(
+      this, (NS_SUCCEEDED(code) && NS_FAILED(mStatus)) ? mStatus : code);
+  Delete();
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+//
+// nsIStreamListener
+//
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::OnDataAvailable(nsIRequest* request,
+                                         nsIInputStream* input, uint64_t offset,
+                                         uint32_t count) {
+  return mListener->OnDataAvailable(request, input, offset, count);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::OnStartRequest(nsIRequest* request) {
+  return mListener->OnStartRequest(request);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::OnStopRequest(nsIRequest* request, nsresult status) {
+  nsresult rv = mListener->OnStopRequest(request, status);
+  Delete();
+  return rv;
+}
+
+ExternalHelperAppParent::~ExternalHelperAppParent() {}
+
+//
+// nsIRequest implementation...
+//
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetName(nsACString& aResult) {
+  if (!mURI) {
+    aResult.Truncate();
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+  mURI->GetAsciiSpec(aResult);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::IsPending(bool* aResult) {
+  *aResult = mPending;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetStatus(nsresult* aResult) {
+  *aResult = mStatus;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ExternalHelperAppParent::SetCanceledReason(
+    const nsACString& aReason) {
+  return SetCanceledReasonImpl(aReason);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ExternalHelperAppParent::GetCanceledReason(nsACString& aReason) {
+  return GetCanceledReasonImpl(aReason);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ExternalHelperAppParent::CancelWithReason(
+    nsresult aStatus, const nsACString& aReason) {
+  return CancelWithReasonImpl(aStatus, aReason);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::Cancel(nsresult aStatus) {
+  mCanceled = true;
+  mStatus = aStatus;
+  Unused << SendCancel(aStatus);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetCanceled(bool* aCanceled) {
+  *aCanceled = mCanceled;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::Suspend() { return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; }
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::Resume() { return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; }
+
+//
+// nsIChannel implementation
+//
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetOriginalURI(nsIURI** aURI) {
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aURI = mURI);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetOriginalURI(nsIURI* aURI) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetURI(nsIURI** aURI) {
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aURI = mURI);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::Open(nsIInputStream** aResult) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::AsyncOpen(nsIStreamListener* aListener) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetLoadFlags(nsLoadFlags* aLoadFlags) {
+  *aLoadFlags = mLoadFlags;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetLoadFlags(nsLoadFlags aLoadFlags) {
+  mLoadFlags = aLoadFlags;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetTRRMode(nsIRequest::TRRMode* aTRRMode) {
+  return GetTRRModeImpl(aTRRMode);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetTRRMode(nsIRequest::TRRMode aTRRMode) {
+  return SetTRRModeImpl(aTRRMode);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetIsDocument(bool* aIsDocument) {
+  return NS_GetIsDocumentChannel(this, aIsDocument);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetLoadGroup(nsILoadGroup** aLoadGroup) {
+  *aLoadGroup = nullptr;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetLoadGroup(nsILoadGroup* aLoadGroup) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetOwner(nsISupports** aOwner) {
+  *aOwner = nullptr;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetOwner(nsISupports* aOwner) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetLoadInfo(nsILoadInfo** aLoadInfo) {
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aLoadInfo = mLoadInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetLoadInfo(nsILoadInfo* aLoadInfo) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetNotificationCallbacks(
+    nsIInterfaceRequestor** aCallbacks) {
+  *aCallbacks = nullptr;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetNotificationCallbacks(
+    nsIInterfaceRequestor* aCallbacks) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetSecurityInfo(
+    nsITransportSecurityInfo** aSecurityInfo) {
+  *aSecurityInfo = nullptr;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetContentType(nsACString& aContentType) {
+  aContentType.Truncate();
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetContentType(const nsACString& aContentType) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetContentCharset(nsACString& aContentCharset) {
+  aContentCharset.Truncate();
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetContentCharset(const nsACString& aContentCharset) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetContentDisposition(uint32_t* aContentDisposition) {
+  // NB: mContentDisposition may or may not be set to a non UINT32_MAX value in
+  // nsExternalHelperAppService::DoContentContentProcessHelper
+  if (mContentDispositionHeader.IsEmpty() && mContentDisposition == UINT32_MAX)
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+  *aContentDisposition = mContentDisposition;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetContentDisposition(uint32_t aContentDisposition) {
+  mContentDisposition = aContentDisposition;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetContentDispositionFilename(
+    nsAString& aContentDispositionFilename) {
+  if (mContentDispositionFilename.IsEmpty()) {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  aContentDispositionFilename = mContentDispositionFilename;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetContentDispositionFilename(
+    const nsAString& aContentDispositionFilename) {
+  mContentDispositionFilename = aContentDispositionFilename;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetContentDispositionHeader(
+    nsACString& aContentDispositionHeader) {
+  if (mContentDispositionHeader.IsEmpty()) {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  aContentDispositionHeader = mContentDispositionHeader;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetContentLength(int64_t* aContentLength) {
+  if (mContentLength < 0) {
+    *aContentLength = -1;
+  } else {
+    *aContentLength = mContentLength;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::SetContentLength(int64_t aContentLength) {
+  mContentLength = aContentLength;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+//
+// nsIResumableChannel implementation
+//
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::ResumeAt(uint64_t startPos,
+                                  const nsACString& entityID) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetEntityID(nsACString& aEntityID) {
+  aEntityID = mEntityID;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+//
+// nsIMultiPartChannel implementation
+//
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetBaseChannel(nsIChannel** aChannel) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetPartID(uint32_t* aPartID) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetIsFirstPart(bool* aIsLastPart) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+ExternalHelperAppParent::GetIsLastPart(bool* aIsLastPart) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+}  // namespace dom
+}  // namespace mozilla
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppParent.h b/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppParent.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fdd8a665ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/ExternalHelperAppParent.h
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef mozilla_dom_ExternalHelperAppParent_h
+#define mozilla_dom_ExternalHelperAppParent_h
+
+#include "mozilla/dom/PExternalHelperAppParent.h"
+#include "mozilla/ipc/BackgroundUtils.h"
+#include "nsIChannel.h"
+#include "nsIMultiPartChannel.h"
+#include "nsIResumableChannel.h"
+#include "nsIStreamListener.h"
+#include "nsHashPropertyBag.h"
+#include "mozilla/net/PrivateBrowsingChannel.h"
+
+namespace IPC {
+class URI;
+}  // namespace IPC
+
+class nsExternalAppHandler;
+
+namespace mozilla {
+
+namespace net {
+class PChannelDiverterParent;
+}  // namespace net
+
+namespace dom {
+
+#define NS_IEXTERNALHELPERAPPPARENT_IID              \
+  {                                                  \
+    0x127a01bc, 0x2a49, 0x46a8, {                    \
+      0x8c, 0x63, 0x4b, 0x5d, 0x3c, 0xa4, 0x07, 0x9c \
+    }                                                \
+  }
+
+class nsIExternalHelperAppParent : public nsISupports {
+ public:
+  NS_DECLARE_STATIC_IID_ACCESSOR(NS_IEXTERNALHELPERAPPPARENT_IID)
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this fake channel represented a file channel in the child.
+   */
+  virtual bool WasFileChannel() = 0;
+};
+
+NS_DEFINE_STATIC_IID_ACCESSOR(nsIExternalHelperAppParent,
+                              NS_IEXTERNALHELPERAPPPARENT_IID)
+
+class ContentParent;
+class PBrowserParent;
+
+class ExternalHelperAppParent
+    : public PExternalHelperAppParent,
+      public nsHashPropertyBag,
+      public nsIChannel,
+      public nsIMultiPartChannel,
+      public nsIResumableChannel,
+      public nsIStreamListener,
+      public net::PrivateBrowsingChannel<ExternalHelperAppParent>,
+      public nsIExternalHelperAppParent {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS_INHERITED
+  NS_DECL_NSIREQUEST
+  NS_DECL_NSICHANNEL
+  NS_DECL_NSIMULTIPARTCHANNEL
+  NS_DECL_NSIRESUMABLECHANNEL
+  NS_DECL_NSISTREAMLISTENER
+  NS_DECL_NSIREQUESTOBSERVER
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvOnStartRequest(
+      const nsACString& entityID) override;
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvOnDataAvailable(const nsACString& data,
+                                              const uint64_t& offset,
+                                              const uint32_t& count) override;
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvOnStopRequest(const nsresult& code) override;
+
+  bool WasFileChannel() override { return mWasFileChannel; }
+
+  ExternalHelperAppParent(nsIURI* uri, const int64_t& contentLength,
+                          const bool& wasFileChannel,
+                          const nsACString& aContentDispositionHeader,
+                          const uint32_t& aContentDispositionHint,
+                          const nsAString& aContentDispositionFilename);
+  bool Init(const Maybe<mozilla::net::LoadInfoArgs>& aLoadInfoArgs,
+            const nsACString& aMimeContentType, const bool& aForceSave,
+            nsIURI* aReferrer, BrowsingContext* aContext,
+            const bool& aShouldCloseWindow);
+
+ protected:
+  virtual ~ExternalHelperAppParent();
+
+  virtual void ActorDestroy(ActorDestroyReason why) override;
+  void Delete();
+
+ private:
+  RefPtr<nsIStreamListener> mListener;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> mURI;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILoadInfo> mLoadInfo;
+  bool mPending;
+  bool mIPCClosed;
+  nsLoadFlags mLoadFlags;
+  nsresult mStatus;
+  bool mCanceled;
+  int64_t mContentLength;
+  bool mWasFileChannel;
+  uint32_t mContentDisposition;
+  nsString mContentDispositionFilename;
+  nsCString mContentDispositionHeader;
+  nsCString mEntityID;
+};
+
+}  // namespace dom
+}  // namespace mozilla
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerList.sys.mjs b/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerList.sys.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab92b360a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerList.sys.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file,
+ * You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+export const kHandlerListVersion = 1;
+
+export const kHandlerList = {
+  default: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  cs: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Seznam",
+            uriTemplate: "https://email.seznam.cz/newMessageScreen?mailto=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  csb: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Poczta Interia.pl",
+            uriTemplate: "http://poczta.interia.pl/mh/?mailto=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "OnetPoczta",
+            uriTemplate: "http://poczta.onet.pl/napisz.html?uri=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  "es-CL": {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Outlook",
+            uriTemplate:
+              "https://outlook.live.com/default.aspx?rru=compose&to=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  "ja-JP-mac": {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Yahoo!メール",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.yahoo.co.jp/compose/?To=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  ja: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Yahoo!メール",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.yahoo.co.jp/compose/?To=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  kk: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Яндекс.Почта",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.yandex.ru/compose?mailto=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Mail.Ru",
+            uriTemplate: "https://e.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?mailto=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  ltg: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "inbox.lv mail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.inbox.lv/compose?to=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  lv: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "inbox.lv mail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.inbox.lv/compose?to=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  pl: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Poczta Interia.pl",
+            uriTemplate: "https://poczta.interia.pl/mh/?mailto=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  ru: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Яндекс.Почту",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.yandex.ru/compose?mailto=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Mail.Ru",
+            uriTemplate: "https://e.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?mailto=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  sah: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Яндекс.Почта",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.yandex.ru/compose?mailto=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Mail.Ru",
+            uriTemplate: "https://e.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?mailto=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  uk: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Outlook",
+            uriTemplate:
+              "https://outlook.live.com/default.aspx?rru=compose&to=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  uz: {
+    schemes: {
+      mailto: {
+        handlers: [
+          {
+            name: "Gmail",
+            uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+          },
+          {
+            name: "Mail.Ru",
+            uriTemplate: "https://e.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?mailto=%s",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceChild.h b/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceChild.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c58a3c230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceChild.h
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef handler_service_child_h
+#define handler_service_child_h
+
+#include "mozilla/dom/PHandlerServiceChild.h"
+
+namespace mozilla {
+
+class HandlerServiceChild final : public mozilla::dom::PHandlerServiceChild {
+ public:
+  NS_INLINE_DECL_REFCOUNTING(HandlerServiceChild, final)
+  HandlerServiceChild() {}
+
+ private:
+  virtual ~HandlerServiceChild() {}
+};
+
+}  // namespace mozilla
+
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceParent.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceParent.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab77657dd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceParent.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "mozilla/ipc/ProtocolUtils.h"
+#include "mozilla/Logging.h"
+#include "HandlerServiceParent.h"
+#include "nsIHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEService.h"
+#include "ContentHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsIExternalProtocolService.h"
+#include "nsStringEnumerator.h"
+#include "nsIMutableArray.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
+#include "nsServiceManagerUtils.h"
+#ifdef MOZ_WIDGET_GTK
+#  include "unix/nsGNOMERegistry.h"
+#endif
+
+using mozilla::dom::ContentHandlerService;
+using mozilla::dom::HandlerApp;
+using mozilla::dom::HandlerInfo;
+using mozilla::dom::RemoteHandlerApp;
+
+namespace {
+
+class ProxyHandlerInfo final : public nsIHandlerInfo {
+ public:
+  explicit ProxyHandlerInfo(const HandlerInfo& aHandlerInfo);
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS;
+  NS_DECL_NSIHANDLERINFO;
+
+  nsTArray<nsCString>& Extensions() { return mHandlerInfo.extensions(); }
+
+ protected:
+  ~ProxyHandlerInfo() {}
+  HandlerInfo mHandlerInfo;
+  nsHandlerInfoAction mPrefAction;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray> mPossibleApps;
+};
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(ProxyHandlerInfo, nsIHandlerInfo)
+
+ProxyHandlerInfo::ProxyHandlerInfo(const HandlerInfo& aHandlerInfo)
+    : mHandlerInfo(aHandlerInfo),
+      mPrefAction(nsIHandlerInfo::alwaysAsk),
+      mPossibleApps(do_CreateInstance(NS_ARRAY_CONTRACTID)) {
+  for (auto& happ : aHandlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers()) {
+    mPossibleApps->AppendElement(new RemoteHandlerApp(happ));
+  }
+}
+
+/* readonly attribute ACString type; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::GetType(nsACString& aType) {
+  aType.Assign(mHandlerInfo.type());
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* attribute AString description; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::GetDescription(nsAString& aDescription) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::SetDescription(const nsAString& aDescription) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* attribute nsIHandlerApp preferredApplicationHandler; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::GetPreferredApplicationHandler(
+    nsIHandlerApp** aPreferredApplicationHandler) {
+  *aPreferredApplicationHandler =
+      new RemoteHandlerApp(mHandlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler());
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aPreferredApplicationHandler);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::SetPreferredApplicationHandler(
+    nsIHandlerApp* aApp) {
+  nsString name;
+  nsString detailedDescription;
+  if (aApp) {
+    aApp->GetName(name);
+    aApp->GetDetailedDescription(detailedDescription);
+  }
+
+  mHandlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler() =
+      HandlerApp(name, detailedDescription);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* readonly attribute nsIMutableArray possibleApplicationHandlers; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::GetPossibleApplicationHandlers(
+    nsIMutableArray** aPossibleApplicationHandlers) {
+  *aPossibleApplicationHandlers = mPossibleApps;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aPossibleApplicationHandlers);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* readonly attribute boolean hasDefaultHandler; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::GetHasDefaultHandler(bool* aHasDefaultHandler) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* readonly attribute AString defaultDescription; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::GetDefaultDescription(
+    nsAString& aDefaultDescription) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* void launchWithURI (in nsIURI aURI,
+                       [optional] in BrowsingContext aBrowsingContext); */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::LaunchWithURI(
+    nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* attribute ProxyHandlerInfoAction preferredAction; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::GetPreferredAction(
+    nsHandlerInfoAction* aPreferredAction) {
+  *aPreferredAction = mPrefAction;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::SetPreferredAction(
+    nsHandlerInfoAction aPreferredAction) {
+  mHandlerInfo.preferredAction() = aPreferredAction;
+  mPrefAction = aPreferredAction;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* attribute boolean alwaysAskBeforeHandling; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::GetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(
+    bool* aAlwaysAskBeforeHandling) {
+  *aAlwaysAskBeforeHandling = mHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling();
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyHandlerInfo::SetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(
+    bool aAlwaysAskBeforeHandling) {
+  mHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling() = aAlwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+class ProxyMIMEInfo : public nsIMIMEInfo {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIMIMEINFO
+  NS_FORWARD_NSIHANDLERINFO(mProxyHandlerInfo->);
+
+  explicit ProxyMIMEInfo(const HandlerInfo& aHandlerInfo)
+      : mProxyHandlerInfo(new ProxyHandlerInfo(aHandlerInfo)) {}
+
+ private:
+  virtual ~ProxyMIMEInfo() {}
+  RefPtr<ProxyHandlerInfo> mProxyHandlerInfo;
+
+ protected:
+  /* additional members */
+};
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(ProxyMIMEInfo, nsIMIMEInfo, nsIHandlerInfo)
+
+/* nsIUTF8StringEnumerator getFileExtensions (); */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::GetFileExtensions(
+    nsIUTF8StringEnumerator** _retval) {
+  return NS_NewUTF8StringEnumerator(_retval, &mProxyHandlerInfo->Extensions(),
+                                    this);
+}
+
+/* void setFileExtensions (in AUTF8String aExtensions); */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::SetFileExtensions(const nsACString& aExtensions) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* boolean extensionExists (in AUTF8String aExtension); */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::ExtensionExists(const nsACString& aExtension,
+                                             bool* _retval) {
+  *_retval = mProxyHandlerInfo->Extensions().Contains(
+      aExtension, nsCaseInsensitiveCStringArrayComparator());
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* void appendExtension (in AUTF8String aExtension); */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::AppendExtension(const nsACString& aExtension) {
+  if (!aExtension.IsEmpty() &&
+      !mProxyHandlerInfo->Extensions().Contains(
+          aExtension, nsCaseInsensitiveCStringArrayComparator())) {
+    mProxyHandlerInfo->Extensions().AppendElement(aExtension);
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* attribute AUTF8String primaryExtension; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::GetPrimaryExtension(
+    nsACString& aPrimaryExtension) {
+  const auto& extensions = mProxyHandlerInfo->Extensions();
+  if (extensions.IsEmpty()) {
+    aPrimaryExtension.Truncate();
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  aPrimaryExtension = extensions[0];
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::SetPrimaryExtension(
+    const nsACString& aPrimaryExtension) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* readonly attribute ACString MIMEType; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::GetMIMEType(nsACString& aMIMEType) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* boolean equals (in nsIMIMEInfo aMIMEInfo); */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::Equals(nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo, bool* _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* readonly attribute nsIArray possibleLocalHandlers; */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::GetPossibleLocalHandlers(
+    nsIArray** aPossibleLocalHandlers) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* void launchWithFile (in nsIFile aFile); */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+/* boolean isCurrentAppOSDefault(); */
+NS_IMETHODIMP ProxyMIMEInfo::IsCurrentAppOSDefault(bool* _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+static already_AddRefed<nsIHandlerInfo> WrapHandlerInfo(
+    const HandlerInfo& aHandlerInfo) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerInfo> info;
+  if (aHandlerInfo.isMIMEInfo()) {
+    info = new ProxyMIMEInfo(aHandlerInfo);
+  } else {
+    info = new ProxyHandlerInfo(aHandlerInfo);
+  }
+  return info.forget();
+}
+
+}  // anonymous namespace
+
+HandlerServiceParent::HandlerServiceParent() {}
+
+HandlerServiceParent::~HandlerServiceParent() {}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult HandlerServiceParent::RecvFillHandlerInfo(
+    const HandlerInfo& aHandlerInfoData, const nsACString& aOverrideType,
+    HandlerInfo* handlerInfoData) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerInfo> info(WrapHandlerInfo(aHandlerInfoData));
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  handlerSvc->FillHandlerInfo(info, aOverrideType);
+  ContentHandlerService::nsIHandlerInfoToHandlerInfo(info, handlerInfoData);
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult HandlerServiceParent::RecvGetMIMEInfoFromOS(
+    const nsACString& aMIMEType, const nsACString& aExtension, nsresult* aRv,
+    HandlerInfo* aHandlerInfoData, bool* aFound) {
+  *aFound = false;
+  if (aMIMEType.Length() > MAX_MIMETYPE_LENGTH ||
+      aExtension.Length() > MAX_EXT_LENGTH) {
+    *aRv = NS_OK;
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEService> mimeService =
+      do_GetService(NS_MIMESERVICE_CONTRACTID, aRv);
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(*aRv))) {
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mimeInfo;
+  *aRv = mimeService->GetMIMEInfoFromOS(aMIMEType, aExtension, aFound,
+                                        getter_AddRefs(mimeInfo));
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(*aRv))) {
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+
+  if (mimeInfo) {
+    ContentHandlerService::nsIHandlerInfoToHandlerInfo(mimeInfo,
+                                                       aHandlerInfoData);
+  }
+
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult HandlerServiceParent::RecvExists(
+    const HandlerInfo& aHandlerInfo, bool* exists) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerInfo> info(WrapHandlerInfo(aHandlerInfo));
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  handlerSvc->Exists(info, exists);
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult HandlerServiceParent::RecvExistsForProtocolOS(
+    const nsACString& aProtocolScheme, bool* aHandlerExists) {
+  if (aProtocolScheme.Length() > MAX_SCHEME_LENGTH) {
+    *aHandlerExists = false;
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+#ifdef MOZ_WIDGET_GTK
+  // Check the GNOME registry for a protocol handler
+  *aHandlerExists =
+      nsGNOMERegistry::HandlerExists(PromiseFlatCString(aProtocolScheme).get());
+#else
+  *aHandlerExists = false;
+#endif
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if a handler exists for the provided protocol. Check the datastore
+ * first and then fallback to checking the OS for a handler.
+ */
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult HandlerServiceParent::RecvExistsForProtocol(
+    const nsACString& aProtocolScheme, bool* aHandlerExists) {
+  if (aProtocolScheme.Length() > MAX_SCHEME_LENGTH) {
+    *aHandlerExists = false;
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+  // Check the datastore and fallback to an OS check.
+  // ExternalProcotolHandlerExists() does the fallback.
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIExternalProtocolService> protoSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_EXTERNALPROTOCOLSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+    *aHandlerExists = false;
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+  rv = protoSvc->ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(
+      PromiseFlatCString(aProtocolScheme).get(), aHandlerExists);
+
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+    *aHandlerExists = false;
+  }
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult HandlerServiceParent::RecvGetTypeFromExtension(
+    const nsACString& aFileExtension, nsCString* type) {
+  if (aFileExtension.Length() > MAX_EXT_LENGTH) {
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+
+  rv = handlerSvc->GetTypeFromExtension(aFileExtension, *type);
+  mozilla::Unused << NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv));
+
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+mozilla::ipc::IPCResult HandlerServiceParent::RecvGetApplicationDescription(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, nsresult* aRv, nsString* aDescription) {
+  if (aScheme.Length() > MAX_SCHEME_LENGTH) {
+    *aRv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+    return IPC_OK();
+  }
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIExternalProtocolService> protoSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_EXTERNALPROTOCOLSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  NS_ASSERTION(protoSvc, "No Helper App Service!");
+  *aRv = protoSvc->GetApplicationDescription(aScheme, *aDescription);
+  return IPC_OK();
+}
+
+void HandlerServiceParent::ActorDestroy(ActorDestroyReason aWhy) {}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceParent.h b/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceParent.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8952f743e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/HandlerServiceParent.h
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef handler_service_parent_h
+#define handler_service_parent_h
+
+#include "mozilla/dom/PHandlerServiceParent.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+
+class nsIHandlerApp;
+
+class HandlerServiceParent final : public mozilla::dom::PHandlerServiceParent {
+ public:
+  HandlerServiceParent();
+  NS_INLINE_DECL_REFCOUNTING(HandlerServiceParent, final)
+
+ private:
+  virtual ~HandlerServiceParent();
+  void ActorDestroy(ActorDestroyReason aWhy) override;
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvFillHandlerInfo(
+      const HandlerInfo& aHandlerInfoData, const nsACString& aOverrideType,
+      HandlerInfo* handlerInfoData) override;
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvGetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                                                const nsACString& aExtension,
+                                                nsresult* aRv,
+                                                HandlerInfo* aHandlerInfoData,
+                                                bool* aFound) override;
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvExists(const HandlerInfo& aHandlerInfo,
+                                     bool* exists) override;
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvGetTypeFromExtension(
+      const nsACString& aFileExtension, nsCString* type) override;
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvExistsForProtocolOS(
+      const nsACString& aProtocolScheme, bool* aHandlerExists) override;
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvExistsForProtocol(
+      const nsACString& aProtocolScheme, bool* aHandlerExists) override;
+
+  mozilla::ipc::IPCResult RecvGetApplicationDescription(
+      const nsACString& aScheme, nsresult* aRv,
+      nsString* aDescription) override;
+
+  /*
+   * Limit the length of MIME types, filename extensions, and protocol
+   * schemes we'll consider.
+   */
+  static const size_t MAX_MIMETYPE_LENGTH = 129; /* Per RFC 6838, type and
+                                                    subtype should be limited
+                                                    to 64 characters. We add
+                                                    one more to account for
+                                                    a '/' separator. */
+  static const size_t MAX_EXT_LENGTH = 64;       /* Arbitratily chosen to be
+                                                    longer than any known
+                                                    extension */
+  static const size_t MAX_SCHEME_LENGTH = 1024;  /* Arbitratily chosen to be
+                                                    longer than any known
+                                                    protocol scheme */
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/PExternalHelperApp.ipdl b/uriloader/exthandler/PExternalHelperApp.ipdl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a57de7cc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/PExternalHelperApp.ipdl
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/* vim: set ft=cpp: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+include protocol PBrowser;
+include protocol PContent;
+
+namespace mozilla {
+namespace dom {
+
+[ParentImpl=virtual]
+protocol PExternalHelperApp
+{
+  manager PContent;
+
+parent:
+  async OnStartRequest(nsCString entityID);
+  async OnDataAvailable(nsCString data, uint64_t offset, uint32_t count);
+  async OnStopRequest(nsresult code);
+
+child:
+  async Cancel(nsresult aStatus);
+  async __delete__();
+};
+
+
+} // namespace dom
+} // namespace mozilla
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/PHandlerService.ipdl b/uriloader/exthandler/PHandlerService.ipdl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bcd1e74668
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/PHandlerService.ipdl
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+include protocol PContent;
+
+namespace mozilla {
+namespace dom {
+
+struct HandlerApp {
+  nsString name;
+  nsString detailedDescription;
+};
+
+struct HandlerInfo {
+  nsCString type;
+  bool isMIMEInfo;
+  nsString description;
+  bool alwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  nsCString[] extensions;
+  HandlerApp preferredApplicationHandler;
+  HandlerApp[] possibleApplicationHandlers;
+  int32_t preferredAction;
+};
+
+[ChildImpl=virtual, ParentImpl=virtual]
+sync protocol PHandlerService
+{
+  manager PContent;
+
+parent:
+  sync FillHandlerInfo(HandlerInfo aHandlerInfoData,
+                       nsCString aOverrideType)
+      returns (HandlerInfo handlerInfoData);
+
+  /*
+   * Check if an OS handler exists for the given protocol scheme.
+   */
+  sync ExistsForProtocolOS(nsCString aProtocolScheme)
+      returns (bool exists);
+
+  /*
+   * Check if a handler exists for the given protocol scheme. Check
+   * the datastore first and then fallback to an OS handler check.
+   */
+  sync ExistsForProtocol(nsCString aProtocolScheme)
+      returns (bool exists);
+
+  sync Exists(HandlerInfo aHandlerInfo)
+      returns (bool exists);
+  sync GetTypeFromExtension(nsCString aFileExtension)
+      returns (nsCString type);
+  sync GetMIMEInfoFromOS(nsCString aMIMEType, nsCString aExtension)
+      returns (nsresult rv, HandlerInfo handlerInfoData, bool found);
+  sync GetApplicationDescription(nsCString aScheme)
+      returns (nsresult rv, nsString description);
+  async __delete__();
+};
+
+
+} // namespace dom
+} // namespace mozilla
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/WebHandlerApp.sys.mjs b/uriloader/exthandler/WebHandlerApp.sys.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..229561c64d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/WebHandlerApp.sys.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+const lazy = {};
+
+ChromeUtils.defineESModuleGetters(lazy, {
+  PrivateBrowsingUtils: "resource://gre/modules/PrivateBrowsingUtils.sys.mjs",
+});
+
+import { AppConstants } from "resource://gre/modules/AppConstants.sys.mjs";
+
+export function nsWebHandlerApp() {}
+
+nsWebHandlerApp.prototype = {
+  classDescription: "A web handler for protocols and content",
+  classID: Components.ID("8b1ae382-51a9-4972-b930-56977a57919d"),
+  contractID: "@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1",
+  QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI(["nsIWebHandlerApp", "nsIHandlerApp"]),
+
+  _name: null,
+  _detailedDescription: null,
+  _uriTemplate: null,
+
+  // nsIHandlerApp
+
+  get name() {
+    return this._name;
+  },
+
+  set name(aName) {
+    this._name = aName;
+  },
+
+  get detailedDescription() {
+    return this._detailedDescription;
+  },
+
+  set detailedDescription(aDesc) {
+    this._detailedDescription = aDesc;
+  },
+
+  equals(aHandlerApp) {
+    if (!aHandlerApp) {
+      throw Components.Exception("", Cr.NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER);
+    }
+
+    if (
+      aHandlerApp instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp &&
+      aHandlerApp.uriTemplate &&
+      this.uriTemplate &&
+      aHandlerApp.uriTemplate == this.uriTemplate
+    ) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  },
+
+  launchWithURI(aURI, aBrowsingContext) {
+    // XXX need to strip passwd & username from URI to handle, as per the
+    // WhatWG HTML5 draft.  nsSimpleURL, which is what we're going to get,
+    // can't do this directly.  Ideally, we'd fix nsStandardURL to make it
+    // possible to turn off all of its quirks handling, and use that...
+
+    let { scheme } = aURI;
+    if (scheme == "ftp" || scheme == "ftps" || scheme == "sftp") {
+      // FTP URLs are parsed by nsStandardURL, so clearing the username and
+      // password does not throw.
+      aURI = aURI.mutate().setUserPass("").finalize();
+    }
+
+    // encode the URI to be handled
+    var escapedUriSpecToHandle = encodeURIComponent(aURI.spec);
+
+    // insert the encoded URI and create the object version.
+    var uriToSend = Services.io.newURI(
+      this.uriTemplate.replace("%s", escapedUriSpecToHandle)
+    );
+
+    let policy = WebExtensionPolicy.getByURI(uriToSend);
+    let privateAllowed = !policy || policy.privateBrowsingAllowed;
+
+    if (!scheme.startsWith("web+") && !scheme.startsWith("ext+")) {
+      // If we're in a frame, check if we're a built-in scheme, in which case,
+      // override the target browsingcontext. It's not a good idea to try to
+      // load mail clients or other apps with potential for logged in data into
+      // iframes, and in any case it's unlikely to work due to framing
+      // restrictions employed by the target site.
+      if (aBrowsingContext && aBrowsingContext != aBrowsingContext.top) {
+        aBrowsingContext = null;
+      }
+
+      // Unset the browsing context when in a pinned tab and changing hosts
+      // to force loading the mail handler in a new unpinned tab.
+      if (aBrowsingContext?.top.isAppTab) {
+        let docURI = aBrowsingContext.currentWindowGlobal.documentURI;
+        let docHost, sendHost;
+
+        try {
+          docHost = docURI?.host;
+          sendHost = uriToSend?.host;
+        } catch (e) {}
+
+        // Special case: ignore "www" prefix if it is part of host string
+        if (docHost?.startsWith("www.")) {
+          docHost = docHost.replace(/^www\./, "");
+        }
+        if (sendHost?.startsWith("www.")) {
+          sendHost = sendHost.replace(/^www\./, "");
+        }
+
+        if (docHost != sendHost) {
+          aBrowsingContext = null;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // if we have a context, use the URI loader to load there
+    if (aBrowsingContext) {
+      if (aBrowsingContext.usePrivateBrowsing && !privateAllowed) {
+        throw Components.Exception(
+          "Extension not allowed in private windows.",
+          Cr.NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
+        );
+      }
+
+      let triggeringPrincipal =
+        Services.scriptSecurityManager.getSystemPrincipal();
+      Services.tm.dispatchToMainThread(() =>
+        aBrowsingContext.loadURI(uriToSend, { triggeringPrincipal })
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // The window type depends on the app.
+    const windowType =
+      AppConstants.MOZ_APP_NAME == "thunderbird"
+        ? "mail:3pane"
+        : "navigator:browser";
+    let win = Services.wm.getMostRecentWindow(windowType);
+
+    // If this is an extension handler, check private browsing access.
+    if (!privateAllowed && lazy.PrivateBrowsingUtils.isWindowPrivate(win)) {
+      throw Components.Exception(
+        "Extension not allowed in private windows.",
+        Cr.NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
+      );
+    }
+
+    // If we get an exception, there are several possible reasons why:
+    // a) this gecko embedding doesn't provide an nsIBrowserDOMWindow
+    //    implementation (i.e. doesn't support browser-style functionality),
+    //    so we need to kick the URL out to the OS default browser.  This is
+    //    the subject of bug 394479.
+    // b) this embedding does provide an nsIBrowserDOMWindow impl, but
+    //    there doesn't happen to be a browser window open at the moment; one
+    //    should be opened.  It's not clear whether this situation will really
+    //    ever occur in real life.  If it does, the only API that I can find
+    //    that seems reasonably likely to work for most embedders is the
+    //    command line handler.
+    // c) something else went wrong
+    //
+    // It's not clear how one would differentiate between the three cases
+    // above, so for now we don't catch the exception.
+
+    // openURI
+    win.browserDOMWindow.openURI(
+      uriToSend,
+      null, // no window.opener
+      Ci.nsIBrowserDOMWindow.OPEN_DEFAULTWINDOW,
+      Ci.nsIBrowserDOMWindow.OPEN_NEW,
+      Services.scriptSecurityManager.getSystemPrincipal()
+    );
+  },
+
+  // nsIWebHandlerApp
+
+  get uriTemplate() {
+    return this._uriTemplate;
+  },
+
+  set uriTemplate(aURITemplate) {
+    this._uriTemplate = aURITemplate;
+  },
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsMIMEInfoAndroid.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsMIMEInfoAndroid.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86049a55fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsMIMEInfoAndroid.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+/* -*- Mode: c++; c-basic-offset: 2; tab-width: 20; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+#include "nsMIMEInfoAndroid.h"
+#include "nsArrayUtils.h"
+#include "nsISupportsUtils.h"
+
+using namespace mozilla;
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(nsMIMEInfoAndroid, nsIMIMEInfo, nsIHandlerInfo)
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  return LaunchWithFile(aFile);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+bool nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetMimeInfoForMimeType(const nsACString& aMimeType,
+                                               nsMIMEInfoAndroid** aMimeInfo) {
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoAndroid> info = new nsMIMEInfoAndroid(aMimeType);
+  info.forget(aMimeInfo);
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetMimeInfoForFileExt(const nsACString& aFileExt,
+                                              nsMIMEInfoAndroid** aMimeInfo) {
+  nsCString mimeType;
+  if (jni::IsAvailable()) {
+    auto javaString = java::GeckoAppShell::GetMimeTypeFromExtensions(aFileExt);
+    if (javaString) {
+      mimeType = javaString->ToCString();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // "*/*" means that the bridge didn't know.
+  if (mimeType.Equals(nsDependentCString("*/*"),
+                      nsCaseInsensitiveCStringComparator)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bool found = GetMimeInfoForMimeType(mimeType, aMimeInfo);
+  (*aMimeInfo)->SetPrimaryExtension(aFileExt);
+  return found;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns MIME info for the aURL, which may contain the whole URL or only a
+ * protocol
+ */
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetMimeInfoForURL(const nsACString& aURL,
+                                              bool* found,
+                                              nsIHandlerInfo** info) {
+  nsMIMEInfoAndroid* mimeinfo = new nsMIMEInfoAndroid(aURL);
+  NS_ADDREF(*info = mimeinfo);
+  *found = false;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetType(nsACString& aType) {
+  aType.Assign(mType);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetDescription(nsAString& aDesc) {
+  aDesc.Assign(mDescription);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SetDescription(const nsAString& aDesc) {
+  mDescription.Assign(aDesc);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetPreferredApplicationHandler(nsIHandlerApp** aApp) {
+  *aApp = mPrefApp;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aApp);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SetPreferredApplicationHandler(nsIHandlerApp* aApp) {
+  mPrefApp = aApp;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetPossibleApplicationHandlers(
+    nsIMutableArray** aHandlerApps) {
+  if (!mHandlerApps) mHandlerApps = do_CreateInstance(NS_ARRAY_CONTRACTID);
+
+  if (!mHandlerApps) return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+
+  *aHandlerApps = mHandlerApps;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aHandlerApps);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetHasDefaultHandler(bool* aHasDefault) {
+  uint32_t len;
+  *aHasDefault = false;
+  if (!mHandlerApps) return NS_OK;
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(mHandlerApps->GetLength(&len))) return NS_OK;
+
+  if (len == 0) return NS_OK;
+
+  *aHasDefault = true;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetDefaultDescription(nsAString& aDesc) {
+  aDesc.Assign(u""_ns);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::LaunchWithURI(
+    nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) {
+  return mPrefApp->LaunchWithURI(aURI, aBrowsingContext);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetPreferredAction(nsHandlerInfoAction* aPrefAction) {
+  *aPrefAction = mPrefAction;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SetPreferredAction(nsHandlerInfoAction aPrefAction) {
+  mPrefAction = aPrefAction;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(bool* aAlwaysAsk) {
+  *aAlwaysAsk = mAlwaysAsk;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(bool aAlwaysAsk) {
+  mAlwaysAsk = aAlwaysAsk;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetFileExtensions(nsIUTF8StringEnumerator** aResult) {
+  return NS_NewUTF8StringEnumerator(aResult, &mExtensions, this);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SetFileExtensions(const nsACString& aExtensions) {
+  mExtensions.Clear();
+  nsACString::const_iterator start, end;
+  aExtensions.BeginReading(start);
+  aExtensions.EndReading(end);
+  while (start != end) {
+    nsACString::const_iterator cursor = start;
+    mozilla::Unused << FindCharInReadable(',', cursor, end);
+    AddUniqueExtension(Substring(start, cursor));
+    // If a comma was found, skip it for the next search.
+    start = cursor != end ? ++cursor : cursor;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::ExtensionExists(const nsACString& aExtension,
+                                   bool* aRetVal) {
+  NS_ASSERTION(!aExtension.IsEmpty(), "no extension");
+
+  nsCString mimeType;
+  if (jni::IsAvailable()) {
+    auto javaString =
+        java::GeckoAppShell::GetMimeTypeFromExtensions(aExtension);
+    if (javaString) {
+      mimeType = javaString->ToCString();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // "*/*" means the bridge didn't find anything (i.e., extension doesn't
+  // exist).
+  *aRetVal = !mimeType.Equals(nsDependentCString("*/*"),
+                              nsCaseInsensitiveCStringComparator);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+void nsMIMEInfoAndroid::AddUniqueExtension(const nsACString& aExtension) {
+  if (!aExtension.IsEmpty() &&
+      !mExtensions.Contains(aExtension,
+                            nsCaseInsensitiveCStringArrayComparator())) {
+    mExtensions.AppendElement(aExtension);
+  }
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::AppendExtension(const nsACString& aExtension) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(!aExtension.IsEmpty(), "No extension");
+  AddUniqueExtension(aExtension);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetPrimaryExtension(nsACString& aPrimaryExtension) {
+  if (!mExtensions.Length()) {
+    aPrimaryExtension.Truncate();
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+  }
+  aPrimaryExtension = mExtensions[0];
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SetPrimaryExtension(const nsACString& aExtension) {
+  if (MOZ_UNLIKELY(aExtension.IsEmpty())) {
+    // Don't assert since Java may return an empty extension for unknown types.
+    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+  }
+  int32_t i = mExtensions.IndexOf(aExtension, 0,
+                                  nsCaseInsensitiveCStringArrayComparator());
+  if (i != -1) {
+    mExtensions.RemoveElementAt(i);
+  }
+  mExtensions.InsertElementAt(0, aExtension);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetMIMEType(nsACString& aMIMEType) {
+  aMIMEType.Assign(mType);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::Equals(nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo, bool* aRetVal) {
+  if (!aMIMEInfo) return NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER;
+
+  nsAutoCString type;
+  nsresult rv = aMIMEInfo->GetMIMEType(type);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  *aRetVal = mType.Equals(type);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetPossibleLocalHandlers(nsIArray** aPossibleLocalHandlers) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> uri;
+  NS_NewFileURI(getter_AddRefs(uri), aFile);
+  return LoadUriInternal(uri);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::IsCurrentAppOSDefault(bool* aRetVal) {
+  // FIXME: this should in theory be meaningfully implemented. However, android
+  // implements its own version of nsIHandlerApp instances which internally
+  // have package and class names - but do not expose those. So to meaningfully
+  // compare the handler app would require access to those and knowing what
+  // our own package/class names are, and it's not clear how to do that.
+  // It also seems less important to do this right on Android, given that
+  // Android UI normally limits what apps you can associate with what files, so
+  // it shouldn't be possible to get into the same kind of loop as on desktop.
+  *aRetVal = false;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsMIMEInfoAndroid::nsMIMEInfoAndroid(const nsACString& aMIMEType)
+    : mType(aMIMEType),
+      mAlwaysAsk(true),
+      mPrefAction(nsIMIMEInfo::useHelperApp) {
+  mPrefApp = new nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SystemChooser(this);
+  nsresult rv;
+  mHandlerApps = do_CreateInstance(NS_ARRAY_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  mHandlerApps->AppendElement(mPrefApp);
+}
+
+#define SYSTEMCHOOSER_NAME u"Android chooser"
+#define SYSTEMCHOOSER_DESCRIPTION \
+  u"Android's default handler application chooser"
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SystemChooser, nsIHandlerApp)
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SystemChooser::GetName(nsAString& aName) {
+  aName.AssignLiteral(SYSTEMCHOOSER_NAME);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SystemChooser::SetName(const nsAString&) {
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SystemChooser::GetDetailedDescription(
+    nsAString& aDesc) {
+  aDesc.AssignLiteral(SYSTEMCHOOSER_DESCRIPTION);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SystemChooser::SetDetailedDescription(
+    const nsAString&) {
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SystemChooser::Equals(nsIHandlerApp* aHandlerApp,
+                                                  bool* aRetVal) {
+  *aRetVal = false;
+  if (!aHandlerApp) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoString name;
+  nsAutoString detailedDescription;
+  aHandlerApp->GetName(name);
+  aHandlerApp->GetDetailedDescription(detailedDescription);
+
+  *aRetVal = name.Equals(SYSTEMCHOOSER_NAME) &&
+             detailedDescription.Equals(SYSTEMCHOOSER_DESCRIPTION);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoAndroid::SystemChooser::LaunchWithURI(
+    nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext*) {
+  return mOuter->LoadUriInternal(aURI);
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsMIMEInfoAndroid.h b/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsMIMEInfoAndroid.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..48693fd99c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsMIMEInfoAndroid.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/* -*- Mode: c++; c-basic-offset: 2; tab-width: 20; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsMIMEInfoAndroid_h
+#define nsMIMEInfoAndroid_h
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+#include "nsIMutableArray.h"
+#include "mozilla/java/GeckoAppShellWrappers.h"
+
+class nsMIMEInfoAndroid final : public nsIMIMEInfo {
+ public:
+  [[nodiscard]] static bool GetMimeInfoForMimeType(
+      const nsACString& aMimeType, nsMIMEInfoAndroid** aMimeInfo);
+  [[nodiscard]] static bool GetMimeInfoForFileExt(
+      const nsACString& aFileExt, nsMIMEInfoAndroid** aMimeInfo);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] static nsresult GetMimeInfoForURL(const nsACString& aURL,
+                                                  bool* found,
+                                                  nsIHandlerInfo** info);
+
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIMIMEINFO
+  NS_DECL_NSIHANDLERINFO
+
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoAndroid(const nsACString& aMIMEType);
+
+ private:
+  ~nsMIMEInfoAndroid() {}
+
+  /**
+   * Internal helper to avoid adding duplicates.
+   */
+  void AddUniqueExtension(const nsACString& aExtension);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] virtual nsresult LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile);
+  [[nodiscard]] virtual nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray> mHandlerApps;
+  nsCString mType;
+  nsTArray<nsCString> mExtensions;
+  bool mAlwaysAsk;
+  nsHandlerInfoAction mPrefAction;
+  nsString mDescription;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> mPrefApp;
+
+ public:
+  class SystemChooser final : public nsIHandlerApp {
+   public:
+    NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+    NS_DECL_NSIHANDLERAPP
+    explicit SystemChooser(nsMIMEInfoAndroid* aOuter) : mOuter(aOuter) {}
+
+   private:
+    ~SystemChooser() {}
+
+    nsMIMEInfoAndroid* mOuter;
+  };
+};
+
+#endif /* nsMIMEInfoAndroid_h */
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..29634af7b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/* -*- Mode: c++; c-basic-offset: 2; tab-width: 20; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsOSHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoAndroid.h"
+
+nsOSHelperAppService::nsOSHelperAppService() : nsExternalHelperAppService() {}
+
+nsOSHelperAppService::~nsOSHelperAppService() {}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                                                 const nsACString& aFileExt,
+                                                 bool* aFound,
+                                                 nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoAndroid> mimeInfo;
+  *aFound = false;
+  if (!aMIMEType.IsEmpty())
+    *aFound = nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetMimeInfoForMimeType(
+        aMIMEType, getter_AddRefs(mimeInfo));
+  if (!*aFound)
+    *aFound = nsMIMEInfoAndroid::GetMimeInfoForFileExt(
+        aFileExt, getter_AddRefs(mimeInfo));
+
+  // Code that calls this requires an object regardless if the OS has
+  // something for us, so we return the empty object.
+  if (!*aFound) mimeInfo = new nsMIMEInfoAndroid(aMIMEType);
+
+  mimeInfo.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aScheme,
+                                                       bool* aExists) {
+  // Support any URI barring a couple schemes we use in testing; let the
+  // app decide what to do with them.
+  nsAutoCString scheme(aScheme);
+  *aExists =
+      !scheme.Equals("unsupported"_ns) && !scheme.Equals("unknownextproto"_ns);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                                nsAString& _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, bool* _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, bool* found, nsIHandlerInfo** info) {
+  // We don't want to get protocol handlers from the OS in GV; the app
+  // should take care of that in NavigationDelegate.onLoadRequest().
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsOSHelperAppService.h b/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsOSHelperAppService.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a333c4bcd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/android/nsOSHelperAppService.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/* -*- Mode: c++; c-basic-offset: 2; tab-width: 20; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsOSHelperAppService_h
+#define nsOSHelperAppService_h
+
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+
+class nsOSHelperAppService : public nsExternalHelperAppService {
+ public:
+  nsOSHelperAppService();
+  virtual ~nsOSHelperAppService();
+
+  nsresult GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                             const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+                             nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) override;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] nsresult OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aScheme,
+                                                 bool* aExists) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                          bool* found,
+                                          nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                       nsAString& _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                              bool* _retval) override;
+
+  static nsIHandlerApp* CreateAndroidHandlerApp(
+      const nsAString& aName, const nsAString& aDescription,
+      const nsAString& aPackageName, const nsAString& aClassName,
+      const nsACString& aMimeType, const nsAString& aAction = u""_ns);
+};
+
+#endif /* nsOSHelperAppService_h */
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/components.conf b/uriloader/exthandler/components.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c3b738c10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/components.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# -*- Mode: python; indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 40 -*-
+# vim: set filetype=python:
+# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+Classes = [
+    {
+        'cid': '{220cc253-b60f-41f6-b9cf-fdcb325f970f}',
+        'contract_ids': ['@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service-parent;1'],
+        'esModule': 'resource://gre/modules/ExtHandlerService.sys.mjs',
+        'constructor': 'HandlerService',
+    },
+    {
+        'cid': '{8b1ae382-51a9-4972-b930-56977a57919d}',
+        'contract_ids': ['@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1'],
+        'esModule': 'resource://gre/modules/WebHandlerApp.sys.mjs',
+        'constructor': 'nsWebHandlerApp',
+    },
+]
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/docs/index.rst b/uriloader/exthandler/docs/index.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40088ab6d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/docs/index.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+.. _external_helper_app_service:
+
+External Helper App Service
+===========================
+
+The external helper app service is responsible for deciding how to handle an
+attempt to load come content that cannot be loaded by the browser itself.
+
+Part of this involves using the Handler Service which manages the users
+preferences for what to do by default with different content.
+
+When a Link is Clicked
+----------------------
+
+When a link in a page is clicked (or a form submitted) ``nsDocShell`` tests
+whether the target protocol can be loaded by the browser itself, this is based
+on the preferences under ``network.protocol-handler``. When the browser cannot
+load the protocol it calls into ``nsExternalHelperAppService::LoadURI``.
+
+Some validation checks are performed but ultimateley we look for a registered
+protocol handler. First the OS is queried for an app registration for the
+protocol and then the handler server is asked to fill in any user settings from
+the internal database. If there were no settings from the handler service then
+some defaults are applied in ``nsExternalHelperAppService::SetProtocolHandlerDefaults``.
+
+If there is a default handler app chosen and the settings say to use it without
+asking then that happens. If not a dialog s shown asking the user what they
+want to do.
+
+During a Load
+-------------
+
+When content is already being loaded the :ref:`URI Loader Service <uri_loader_service>`
+determines whether the browser can handle the content or not. If not it calls
+into the external helper app server through ``nsExternalHelperAppService::DoContent``.
+
+The content type of the loading content is retrieved from the channel. A file
+extension is also generated using the Content-Disposition header or if the load
+is not a HTTP POST request the file extension is generated from the requested URL.
+
+We then query the MIME Service for an nsIMIMEInfo to find information about
+apps that can handle the content type or file extension based on OS and user
+settings, :ref:`see below <mime_service>` for further details. The result is
+used to create a ``nsExternalAppHandler`` which is then used as a stream listener
+for the content.
+
+The MIME info object contains settings that control whether to prompt the user
+before doing anything and what the default action should be. If we need to ask
+the user then a dialog is shown offering to let users cancel the load, save the
+content to disk or send it to a registered application handler.
+
+Assuming the load isn't canceled the content is streamed to disk using a background
+file saver with a target ``nsITransfer``. The ``nsITransfer`` is responsible for
+showing the download in the UI.
+
+If the user opted to open the file with an application then once the transfer is
+complete then ``nsIMIMEInfo::LaunchWithFile`` is used to
+`launch the application <https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/search?q=nsIMIMEInfo%3A%3ALaunchWithFile&path=>`_.
+
+.. _mime_service:
+
+MIME Service
+------------
+
+The MIME service is responsible for getting an ``nsIMIMEInfo`` object for a
+content type or file extension:
+
+1. Fills out an ``nsIMIMEInfo`` based on OS provided information. This is platform
+   specific but should try to find the default application registered to handle
+   the content.
+2. Ask the handler service to fill out the ``nsIMIMEInfo`` with information held
+   in browser settings. This will not overwrite a any application found from
+   the OS.
+3. If one has not been found already then try to find a type description from
+   a `lookup table <https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/search?q=extraMimeEntries[]&path=>`_
+   or just by appending " File" to the file extension.
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsDecodeAppleFile.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsDecodeAppleFile.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69f13ab8c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsDecodeAppleFile.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsDecodeAppleFile.h"
+#include "nsCRT.h"
+
+NS_IMPL_ADDREF(nsDecodeAppleFile)
+NS_IMPL_RELEASE(nsDecodeAppleFile)
+
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_BEGIN(nsDecodeAppleFile)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY_AMBIGUOUS(nsISupports, nsIOutputStream)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIOutputStream)
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_END
+
+nsDecodeAppleFile::nsDecodeAppleFile() {
+  m_state = parseHeaders;
+  m_dataBufferLength = 0;
+  m_dataBuffer = (unsigned char*)malloc(MAX_BUFFERSIZE);
+  m_entries = nullptr;
+  m_rfRefNum = -1;
+  m_totalDataForkWritten = 0;
+  m_totalResourceForkWritten = 0;
+  m_headerOk = false;
+
+  m_comment[0] = 0;
+  memset(&m_dates, 0, sizeof(m_dates));
+  memset(&m_finderInfo, 0, sizeof(m_dates));
+  memset(&m_finderExtraInfo, 0, sizeof(m_dates));
+}
+
+nsDecodeAppleFile::~nsDecodeAppleFile() {
+  free(m_dataBuffer);
+  m_dataBuffer = nullptr;
+  if (m_entries) delete[] m_entries;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDecodeAppleFile::Initialize(nsIOutputStream* output,
+                                            nsIFile* file) {
+  m_output = output;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileMac> macFile = do_QueryInterface(file);
+  macFile->GetTargetFSSpec(&m_fsFileSpec);
+
+  m_offset = 0;
+  m_dataForkOffset = 0;
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDecodeAppleFile::Close(void) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  rv = m_output->Close();
+
+  int32_t i;
+
+  if (m_rfRefNum != -1) FSClose(m_rfRefNum);
+
+  /* Check if the file is complete and if it's the case, write file attributes
+   */
+  if (m_headerOk) {
+    bool dataOk = true; /* It's ok if the file doesn't have a datafork,
+                           therefore set it to true by default. */
+    if (m_headers.magic == APPLESINGLE_MAGIC) {
+      for (i = 0; i < m_headers.entriesCount; i++)
+        if (ENT_DFORK == m_entries[i].id) {
+          dataOk = (bool)(m_totalDataForkWritten == m_entries[i].length);
+          break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool resourceOk = FALSE;
+    for (i = 0; i < m_headers.entriesCount; i++)
+      if (ENT_RFORK == m_entries[i].id) {
+        resourceOk = (bool)(m_totalResourceForkWritten == m_entries[i].length);
+        break;
+      }
+
+    if (dataOk && resourceOk) {
+      HFileInfo* fpb;
+      CInfoPBRec cipbr;
+
+      fpb = (HFileInfo*)&cipbr;
+      fpb->ioVRefNum = m_fsFileSpec.vRefNum;
+      fpb->ioDirID = m_fsFileSpec.parID;
+      fpb->ioNamePtr = m_fsFileSpec.name;
+      fpb->ioFDirIndex = 0;
+      PBGetCatInfoSync(&cipbr);
+
+      /* set finder info */
+      memcpy(&fpb->ioFlFndrInfo, &m_finderInfo, sizeof(FInfo));
+      memcpy(&fpb->ioFlXFndrInfo, &m_finderExtraInfo, sizeof(FXInfo));
+      fpb->ioFlFndrInfo.fdFlags &=
+          0xfc00; /* clear flags maintained by finder */
+
+      /* set file dates */
+      fpb->ioFlCrDat = m_dates.create - CONVERT_TIME;
+      fpb->ioFlMdDat = m_dates.modify - CONVERT_TIME;
+      fpb->ioFlBkDat = m_dates.backup - CONVERT_TIME;
+
+      /* update file info */
+      fpb->ioDirID = fpb->ioFlParID;
+      PBSetCatInfoSync(&cipbr);
+
+      /* set comment */
+      IOParam vinfo;
+      GetVolParmsInfoBuffer vp;
+      DTPBRec dtp;
+
+      memset((void*)&vinfo, 0, sizeof(vinfo));
+      vinfo.ioVRefNum = fpb->ioVRefNum;
+      vinfo.ioBuffer = (Ptr)&vp;
+      vinfo.ioReqCount = sizeof(vp);
+      if (PBHGetVolParmsSync((HParmBlkPtr)&vinfo) == noErr &&
+          ((vp.vMAttrib >> bHasDesktopMgr) & 1)) {
+        memset((void*)&dtp, 0, sizeof(dtp));
+        dtp.ioVRefNum = fpb->ioVRefNum;
+        if (PBDTGetPath(&dtp) == noErr) {
+          dtp.ioDTBuffer = (Ptr)&m_comment[1];
+          dtp.ioNamePtr = fpb->ioNamePtr;
+          dtp.ioDirID = fpb->ioDirID;
+          dtp.ioDTReqCount = m_comment[0];
+          if (PBDTSetCommentSync(&dtp) == noErr) PBDTFlushSync(&dtp);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDecodeAppleFile::Flush(void) { return m_output->Flush(); }
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDecodeAppleFile::StreamStatus(void) {
+  return m_output->StreamStatus();
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDecodeAppleFile::WriteFrom(nsIInputStream* inStr,
+                                           uint32_t count, uint32_t* _retval) {
+  return m_output->WriteFrom(inStr, count, _retval);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDecodeAppleFile::WriteSegments(nsReadSegmentFun reader,
+                                               void* closure, uint32_t count,
+                                               uint32_t* _retval) {
+  return m_output->WriteSegments(reader, closure, count, _retval);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDecodeAppleFile::IsNonBlocking(bool* aNonBlocking) {
+  return m_output->IsNonBlocking(aNonBlocking);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDecodeAppleFile::Write(const char* buffer, uint32_t bufferSize,
+                                       uint32_t* writeCount) {
+  /* WARNING: to simplify my life, I presume that I should get all appledouble
+     headers in the first block, else I would have to implement a buffer */
+
+  const char* buffPtr = buffer;
+  uint32_t dataCount;
+  int32_t i;
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+
+  *writeCount = 0;
+
+  while (bufferSize > 0 && NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    switch (m_state) {
+      case parseHeaders:
+        dataCount = sizeof(ap_header) - m_dataBufferLength;
+        if (dataCount > bufferSize) dataCount = bufferSize;
+        memcpy(&m_dataBuffer[m_dataBufferLength], buffPtr, dataCount);
+        m_dataBufferLength += dataCount;
+
+        if (m_dataBufferLength == sizeof(ap_header)) {
+          memcpy(&m_headers, m_dataBuffer, sizeof(ap_header));
+
+          /* Check header to be sure we are dealing with the right kind of data,
+           * else just write it to the data fork. */
+          if ((m_headers.magic == APPLEDOUBLE_MAGIC ||
+               m_headers.magic == APPLESINGLE_MAGIC) &&
+              m_headers.version == VERSION && m_headers.entriesCount) {
+            /* Just to be sure, the filler must contains only 0 */
+            for (i = 0; i < 4 && m_headers.fill[i] == 0L; i++)
+              ;
+            if (i == 4) m_state = parseEntries;
+          }
+          m_dataBufferLength = 0;
+
+          if (m_state == parseHeaders) {
+            dataCount = 0;
+            m_state = parseWriteThrough;
+          }
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case parseEntries:
+        if (!m_entries) {
+          m_entries = new ap_entry[m_headers.entriesCount];
+          if (!m_entries) return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+        }
+        uint32_t entriesSize = sizeof(ap_entry) * m_headers.entriesCount;
+        dataCount = entriesSize - m_dataBufferLength;
+        if (dataCount > bufferSize) dataCount = bufferSize;
+        memcpy(&m_dataBuffer[m_dataBufferLength], buffPtr, dataCount);
+        m_dataBufferLength += dataCount;
+
+        if (m_dataBufferLength == entriesSize) {
+          for (i = 0; i < m_headers.entriesCount; i++) {
+            memcpy(&m_entries[i], &m_dataBuffer[i * sizeof(ap_entry)],
+                   sizeof(ap_entry));
+            if (m_headers.magic == APPLEDOUBLE_MAGIC) {
+              uint32_t offset = m_entries[i].offset + m_entries[i].length;
+              if (offset > m_dataForkOffset) m_dataForkOffset = offset;
+            }
+          }
+          m_headerOk = true;
+          m_state = parseLookupPart;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case parseLookupPart:
+        /* which part are we parsing? */
+        m_currentPartID = -1;
+        for (i = 0; i < m_headers.entriesCount; i++)
+          if (m_offset == m_entries[i].offset && m_entries[i].length) {
+            m_currentPartID = m_entries[i].id;
+            m_currentPartLength = m_entries[i].length;
+            m_currentPartCount = 0;
+
+            switch (m_currentPartID) {
+              case ENT_DFORK:
+                m_state = parseDataFork;
+                break;
+              case ENT_RFORK:
+                m_state = parseResourceFork;
+                break;
+
+              case ENT_COMMENT:
+              case ENT_DATES:
+              case ENT_FINFO:
+                m_dataBufferLength = 0;
+                m_state = parsePart;
+                break;
+
+              default:
+                m_state = parseSkipPart;
+                break;
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+
+        if (m_currentPartID == -1) {
+          /* maybe is the datafork of an appledouble file? */
+          if (m_offset == m_dataForkOffset) {
+            m_currentPartID = ENT_DFORK;
+            m_currentPartLength = -1;
+            m_currentPartCount = 0;
+            m_state = parseDataFork;
+          } else
+            dataCount = 1;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case parsePart:
+        dataCount = m_currentPartLength - m_dataBufferLength;
+        if (dataCount > bufferSize) dataCount = bufferSize;
+        memcpy(&m_dataBuffer[m_dataBufferLength], buffPtr, dataCount);
+        m_dataBufferLength += dataCount;
+
+        if (m_dataBufferLength == m_currentPartLength) {
+          switch (m_currentPartID) {
+            case ENT_COMMENT:
+              m_comment[0] =
+                  m_currentPartLength > 255 ? 255 : m_currentPartLength;
+              memcpy(&m_comment[1], buffPtr, m_comment[0]);
+              break;
+            case ENT_DATES:
+              if (m_currentPartLength == sizeof(m_dates))
+                memcpy(&m_dates, buffPtr, m_currentPartLength);
+              break;
+            case ENT_FINFO:
+              if (m_currentPartLength ==
+                  (sizeof(m_finderInfo) + sizeof(m_finderExtraInfo))) {
+                memcpy(&m_finderInfo, buffPtr, sizeof(m_finderInfo));
+                memcpy(&m_finderExtraInfo, buffPtr + sizeof(m_finderInfo),
+                       sizeof(m_finderExtraInfo));
+              }
+              break;
+          }
+          m_state = parseLookupPart;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case parseSkipPart:
+        dataCount = m_currentPartLength - m_currentPartCount;
+        if (dataCount > bufferSize)
+          dataCount = bufferSize;
+        else
+          m_state = parseLookupPart;
+        break;
+
+      case parseDataFork:
+        if (m_headers.magic == APPLEDOUBLE_MAGIC)
+          dataCount = bufferSize;
+        else {
+          dataCount = m_currentPartLength - m_currentPartCount;
+          if (dataCount > bufferSize)
+            dataCount = bufferSize;
+          else
+            m_state = parseLookupPart;
+        }
+
+        if (m_output) {
+          uint32_t writeCount;
+          rv = m_output->Write((const char*)buffPtr, dataCount, &writeCount);
+          if (dataCount != writeCount) rv = NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+          m_totalDataForkWritten += dataCount;
+        }
+
+        break;
+
+      case parseResourceFork:
+        dataCount = m_currentPartLength - m_currentPartCount;
+        if (dataCount > bufferSize)
+          dataCount = bufferSize;
+        else
+          m_state = parseLookupPart;
+
+        if (m_rfRefNum == -1) {
+          if (noErr != FSpOpenRF(&m_fsFileSpec, fsWrPerm, &m_rfRefNum))
+            return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+        }
+
+        long count = dataCount;
+        if (noErr != FSWrite(m_rfRefNum, &count, buffPtr) || count != dataCount)
+          return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+        m_totalResourceForkWritten += dataCount;
+        break;
+
+      case parseWriteThrough:
+        dataCount = bufferSize;
+        if (m_output) {
+          uint32_t writeCount;
+          rv = m_output->Write((const char*)buffPtr, dataCount, &writeCount);
+          if (dataCount != writeCount) rv = NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (dataCount) {
+      *writeCount += dataCount;
+      bufferSize -= dataCount;
+      buffPtr += dataCount;
+      m_currentPartCount += dataCount;
+      m_offset += dataCount;
+      dataCount = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsDecodeAppleFile.h b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsDecodeAppleFile.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..22279a8a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsDecodeAppleFile.h
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsDecodeAppleFile_h__
+#define nsDecodeAppleFile_h__
+
+#include "nscore.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsIOutputStream.h"
+
+/*
+** applefile definitions used
+*/
+#if PRAGMA_STRUCT_ALIGN
+#  pragma options align = mac68k
+#endif
+
+#define APPLESINGLE_MAGIC 0x00051600L
+#define APPLEDOUBLE_MAGIC 0x00051607L
+#define VERSION 0x00020000
+
+#define NUM_ENTRIES 6
+
+#define ENT_DFORK 1L
+#define ENT_RFORK 2L
+#define ENT_NAME 3L
+#define ENT_COMMENT 4L
+#define ENT_DATES 8L
+#define ENT_FINFO 9L
+
+#define CONVERT_TIME 1265437696L
+
+/*
+** data type used in the header decoder.
+*/
+typedef struct ap_header {
+  int32_t magic;
+  int32_t version;
+  int32_t fill[4];
+  int16_t entriesCount;
+
+} ap_header;
+
+typedef struct ap_entry {
+  int32_t id;
+  int32_t offset;
+  int32_t length;
+
+} ap_entry;
+
+typedef struct ap_dates {
+  int32_t create, modify, backup, access;
+
+} ap_dates;
+
+#if PRAGMA_STRUCT_ALIGN
+#  pragma options align = reset
+#endif
+
+/*
+**Error codes
+*/
+enum { errADNotEnoughData = -12099, errADNotSupported, errADBadVersion };
+
+class nsDecodeAppleFile : public nsIOutputStream {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_THREADSAFE_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIOUTPUTSTREAM
+
+  nsDecodeAppleFile();
+  virtual ~nsDecodeAppleFile();
+
+  [[nodiscard]] nsresult Initialize(nsIOutputStream* output, nsIFile* file);
+
+ private:
+#define MAX_BUFFERSIZE 1024
+  enum ParserState {
+    parseHeaders,
+    parseEntries,
+    parseLookupPart,
+    parsePart,
+    parseSkipPart,
+    parseDataFork,
+    parseResourceFork,
+    parseWriteThrough
+  };
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIOutputStream> m_output;
+  FSSpec m_fsFileSpec;
+  SInt16 m_rfRefNum;
+
+  unsigned char* m_dataBuffer;
+  int32_t m_dataBufferLength;
+  ParserState m_state;
+  ap_header m_headers;
+  ap_entry* m_entries;
+  int32_t m_offset;
+  int32_t m_dataForkOffset;
+  int32_t m_totalDataForkWritten;
+  int32_t m_totalResourceForkWritten;
+  bool m_headerOk;
+
+  int32_t m_currentPartID;
+  int32_t m_currentPartLength;
+  int32_t m_currentPartCount;
+
+  Str255 m_comment;
+  ap_dates m_dates;
+  FInfo m_finderInfo;
+  FXInfo m_finderExtraInfo;
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsLocalHandlerAppMac.h b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsLocalHandlerAppMac.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c77091b42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsLocalHandlerAppMac.h
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef NSLOCALHANDLERAPPMAC_H_
+#define NSLOCALHANDLERAPPMAC_H_
+
+#include "nsLocalHandlerApp.h"
+
+class nsLocalHandlerAppMac : public nsLocalHandlerApp {
+ public:
+  nsLocalHandlerAppMac() {}
+
+  nsLocalHandlerAppMac(const char16_t* aName, nsIFile* aExecutable)
+      : nsLocalHandlerApp(aName, aExecutable) {}
+
+  nsLocalHandlerAppMac(const nsAString& aName, nsIFile* aExecutable)
+      : nsLocalHandlerApp(aName, aExecutable) {}
+  virtual ~nsLocalHandlerAppMac() {}
+
+  NS_IMETHOD LaunchWithURI(
+      nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetName(nsAString& aName) override;
+};
+
+#endif /*NSLOCALHANDLERAPPMAC_H_*/
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsLocalHandlerAppMac.mm b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsLocalHandlerAppMac.mm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d6ad85a24e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsLocalHandlerAppMac.mm
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#import <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
+#import <ApplicationServices/ApplicationServices.h>
+
+#include "nsObjCExceptions.h"
+#include "nsLocalHandlerAppMac.h"
+#include "nsILocalFileMac.h"
+#include "nsIURI.h"
+
+// We override this to make sure app bundles display their pretty name (without .app suffix)
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsLocalHandlerAppMac::GetName(nsAString& aName) {
+  if (mExecutable) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileMac> macFile = do_QueryInterface(mExecutable);
+    if (macFile) {
+      bool isPackage;
+      (void)macFile->IsPackage(&isPackage);
+      if (isPackage) return macFile->GetBundleDisplayName(aName);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return nsLocalHandlerApp::GetName(aName);
+}
+
+/**
+ * mostly copy/pasted from nsMacShellService.cpp (which is in browser/,
+ * so we can't depend on it here).  This code probably really wants to live
+ * somewhere more central (see bug 389922).
+ */
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerAppMac::LaunchWithURI(nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) {
+  NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN;
+
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileMac> lfm(do_QueryInterface(mExecutable, &rv));
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  CFURLRef appURL;
+  rv = lfm->GetCFURL(&appURL);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsAutoCString uriSpec;
+  aURI->GetAsciiSpec(uriSpec);
+
+  const UInt8* uriString = reinterpret_cast<const UInt8*>(uriSpec.get());
+  CFURLRef uri =
+      ::CFURLCreateWithBytes(NULL, uriString, uriSpec.Length(), kCFStringEncodingUTF8, NULL);
+  if (!uri) {
+    ::CFRelease(appURL);
+    return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+  }
+
+  CFArrayRef uris = ::CFArrayCreate(NULL, reinterpret_cast<const void**>(&uri), 1, NULL);
+  if (!uris) {
+    ::CFRelease(uri);
+    ::CFRelease(appURL);
+    return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+  }
+
+  LSLaunchURLSpec launchSpec;
+  launchSpec.appURL = appURL;
+  launchSpec.itemURLs = uris;
+  launchSpec.passThruParams = NULL;
+  launchSpec.launchFlags = kLSLaunchDefaults;
+  launchSpec.asyncRefCon = NULL;
+
+  OSErr err = ::LSOpenFromURLSpec(&launchSpec, NULL);
+
+  ::CFRelease(uris);
+  ::CFRelease(uri);
+  ::CFRelease(appURL);
+
+  return err != noErr ? NS_ERROR_FAILURE : NS_OK;
+
+  NS_OBJC_END_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN(NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsMIMEInfoMac.h b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsMIMEInfoMac.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b87601573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsMIMEInfoMac.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsMIMEInfoMac_h_
+#define nsMIMEInfoMac_h_
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+
+class nsMIMEInfoMac : public nsMIMEInfoImpl {
+ public:
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoMac(const char* aMIMEType = "")
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aMIMEType) {}
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoMac(const nsACString& aMIMEType)
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aMIMEType) {}
+  nsMIMEInfoMac(const nsACString& aType, HandlerClass aClass)
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aType, aClass) {}
+
+  NS_IMETHOD LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) override;
+
+ protected:
+  [[nodiscard]] virtual nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) override;
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  [[nodiscard]] virtual nsresult LaunchDefaultWithFile(
+      nsIFile* aFile) override {
+    MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE("do not call this method, use LaunchWithFile");
+    return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+  }
+#endif
+  NS_IMETHOD GetDefaultDescription(nsAString& aDefaultDescription) override;
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsMIMEInfoMac.mm b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsMIMEInfoMac.mm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09fe525eec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsMIMEInfoMac.mm
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#import <ApplicationServices/ApplicationServices.h>
+
+#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
+#include "nsObjCExceptions.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoMac.h"
+#include "nsILocalFileMac.h"
+
+// We override this to make sure app bundles display their pretty name (without .app suffix)
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsMIMEInfoMac::GetDefaultDescription(nsAString& aDefaultDescription) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApp = GetDefaultApplication();
+  if (defaultApp) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileMac> macFile = do_QueryInterface(defaultApp);
+    if (macFile) {
+      bool isPackage;
+      (void)macFile->IsPackage(&isPackage);
+      if (isPackage) return macFile->GetBundleDisplayName(aDefaultDescription);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return nsMIMEInfoImpl::GetDefaultDescription(aDefaultDescription);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoMac::LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> application;
+  nsresult rv;
+
+  NS_ASSERTION(mClass == eMIMEInfo, "only MIME infos are currently allowed"
+                                    "to pass content by value");
+
+  if (AutomationOnlyCheckIfLaunchStubbed(aFile)) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  if (mPreferredAction == useHelperApp) {
+    // we don't yet support passing content by value (rather than reference)
+    // to web apps.  at some point, we will probably want to.
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp> localHandlerApp = do_QueryInterface(mPreferredApplication, &rv);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    rv = localHandlerApp->GetExecutable(getter_AddRefs(application));
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  } else if (mPreferredAction == useSystemDefault) {
+    application = GetDefaultApplication();
+  } else
+    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+
+  // if we've already got an app, just QI so we have the launchWithDoc method
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileMac> app;
+  if (application) {
+    app = do_QueryInterface(application, &rv);
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+  } else {
+    // otherwise ask LaunchServices for an app directly
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileMac> tempFile = do_QueryInterface(aFile, &rv);
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+    FSRef tempFileRef;
+    tempFile->GetFSRef(&tempFileRef);
+
+    FSRef appFSRef;
+    if (::LSGetApplicationForItem(&tempFileRef, kLSRolesAll, &appFSRef, nullptr) == noErr) {
+      app = (do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/file/local;1"));
+      if (!app) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+      app->InitWithFSRef(&appFSRef);
+    } else {
+      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+    }
+  }
+  return app->LaunchWithDoc(aFile, false);
+
+  NS_OBJC_END_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN(NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoMac::LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) {
+  NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN;
+
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(aURI);
+
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  nsAutoCString uri;
+  aURI->GetSpec(uri);
+  if (!uri.IsEmpty()) {
+    CFURLRef myURLRef = ::CFURLCreateWithBytes(kCFAllocatorDefault, (const UInt8*)uri.get(),
+                                               strlen(uri.get()), kCFStringEncodingUTF8, NULL);
+    if (myURLRef) {
+      OSStatus status = ::LSOpenCFURLRef(myURLRef, NULL);
+      if (status == noErr) rv = NS_OK;
+      ::CFRelease(myURLRef);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+
+  NS_OBJC_END_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN(NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsOSHelperAppService.h b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsOSHelperAppService.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa97fee5b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsOSHelperAppService.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsOSHelperAppService_h__
+#define nsOSHelperAppService_h__
+
+// The OS helper app service is a subclass of nsExternalHelperAppService and is
+// implemented on each platform. It contains platform specific code for finding
+// helper applications for a given mime type in addition to launching those
+// applications. This is the Mac version.
+
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+
+class nsIMimeInfo;
+
+class nsOSHelperAppService : public nsExternalHelperAppService {
+ public:
+  virtual ~nsOSHelperAppService();
+
+  // override nsIExternalProtocolService methods
+  NS_IMETHOD GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                       nsAString& _retval) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                              bool* _retval) override;
+
+  nsresult GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                             const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+                             nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                          bool* found,
+                                          nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) override;
+
+  // GetFileTokenForPath must be implemented by each platform.
+  // platformAppPath --> a platform specific path to an application that we got
+  //                     out of the rdf data source. This can be a mac file
+  //                     spec, a unix path or a windows path depending on the
+  //                     platform
+  // aFile --> an nsIFile representation of that platform application path.
+  [[nodiscard]] nsresult GetFileTokenForPath(const char16_t* platformAppPath,
+                                             nsIFile** aFile) override;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] nsresult OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aScheme,
+                                                 bool* aHandlerExists) override;
+};
+
+#endif  // nsOSHelperAppService_h__
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsOSHelperAppService.mm b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsOSHelperAppService.mm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3de5c1871b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/mac/nsOSHelperAppService.mm
@@ -0,0 +1,589 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include "mozilla/net/NeckoCommon.h"
+#include "mozilla/StaticPrefs_browser.h"
+#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
+#include "nsOSHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsObjCExceptions.h"
+#include "nsISupports.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsTArray.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsILocalFileMac.h"
+#include "nsMimeTypes.h"
+#include "nsCRT.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoMac.h"
+#include "nsEmbedCID.h"
+
+#import <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
+#import <ApplicationServices/ApplicationServices.h>
+
+// chrome URL's
+#define HELPERAPPLAUNCHER_BUNDLE_URL "chrome://global/locale/helperAppLauncher.properties"
+#define BRAND_BUNDLE_URL "chrome://branding/locale/brand.properties"
+
+nsresult GetDefaultBundleURL(const nsACString& aScheme, CFURLRef* aBundleURL) {
+  NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN;
+
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+  CFStringRef schemeCFString = ::CFStringCreateWithBytes(
+      kCFAllocatorDefault, (const UInt8*)PromiseFlatCString(aScheme).get(), aScheme.Length(),
+      kCFStringEncodingUTF8, false);
+
+  if (schemeCFString) {
+    CFStringRef lookupCFString =
+        ::CFStringCreateWithFormat(NULL, NULL, CFSTR("%@:"), schemeCFString);
+
+    if (lookupCFString) {
+      CFURLRef lookupCFURL = ::CFURLCreateWithString(NULL, lookupCFString, NULL);
+
+      if (lookupCFURL) {
+        if (@available(macOS 10.10, *)) {
+          *aBundleURL = ::LSCopyDefaultApplicationURLForURL(lookupCFURL, kLSRolesAll, NULL);
+          if (*aBundleURL) {
+            rv = NS_OK;
+          }
+        } else {
+          OSStatus theErr = ::LSGetApplicationForURL(lookupCFURL, kLSRolesAll, NULL, aBundleURL);
+          if (theErr == noErr && *aBundleURL) {
+            rv = NS_OK;
+          }
+        }
+
+        ::CFRelease(lookupCFURL);
+      }
+
+      ::CFRelease(lookupCFString);
+    }
+
+    ::CFRelease(schemeCFString);
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+
+  NS_OBJC_END_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN(NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+}
+
+using mozilla::LogLevel;
+
+/* This is an undocumented interface (in the Foundation framework) that has
+ * been stable since at least 10.2.8 and is still present on SnowLeopard.
+ * Furthermore WebKit has three public methods (in WebKitSystemInterface.h)
+ * that are thin wrappers around this interface's last three methods.  So
+ * it's unlikely to change anytime soon.  Now that we're no longer using
+ * Internet Config Services, this is the only way to look up a MIME type
+ * from an extension, or vice versa.
+ */
+@class NSURLFileTypeMappingsInternal;
+
+@interface NSURLFileTypeMappings : NSObject {
+  NSURLFileTypeMappingsInternal* _internal;
+}
+
++ (NSURLFileTypeMappings*)sharedMappings;
+- (NSString*)MIMETypeForExtension:(NSString*)aString;
+- (NSString*)preferredExtensionForMIMEType:(NSString*)aString;
+- (NSArray*)extensionsForMIMEType:(NSString*)aString;
+@end
+
+nsOSHelperAppService::~nsOSHelperAppService() {}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme,
+                                                       bool* aHandlerExists) {
+  // CFStringCreateWithBytes() can fail even if we're not out of memory --
+  // for example if the 'bytes' parameter is something very weird (like
+  // "\xFF\xFF~"), or possibly if it can't be interpreted as using what's
+  // specified in the 'encoding' parameter.  See bug 548719.
+  CFStringRef schemeString =
+      ::CFStringCreateWithBytes(kCFAllocatorDefault, (const UInt8*)aProtocolScheme,
+                                strlen(aProtocolScheme), kCFStringEncodingUTF8, false);
+  if (schemeString) {
+    // LSCopyDefaultHandlerForURLScheme() can fail to find the default handler
+    // for aProtocolScheme when it's never been explicitly set (using
+    // LSSetDefaultHandlerForURLScheme()).  For example, Safari is the default
+    // handler for the "http" scheme on a newly installed copy of OS X.  But
+    // this (presumably) wasn't done using LSSetDefaultHandlerForURLScheme(),
+    // so LSCopyDefaultHandlerForURLScheme() will fail to find Safari.  To get
+    // around this we use LSCopyAllHandlersForURLScheme() instead -- which seems
+    // never to fail.
+    // http://lists.apple.com/archives/Carbon-dev/2007/May/msg00349.html
+    // http://www.realsoftware.com/listarchives/realbasic-nug/2008-02/msg00119.html
+    CFArrayRef handlerArray = ::LSCopyAllHandlersForURLScheme(schemeString);
+    *aHandlerExists = !!handlerArray;
+    if (handlerArray) ::CFRelease(handlerArray);
+    ::CFRelease(schemeString);
+  } else {
+    *aHandlerExists = false;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsOSHelperAppService::GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                                              nsAString& _retval) {
+  NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN;
+
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+  CFURLRef handlerBundleURL;
+  rv = GetDefaultBundleURL(aScheme, &handlerBundleURL);
+
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && handlerBundleURL) {
+    CFBundleRef handlerBundle = CFBundleCreate(NULL, handlerBundleURL);
+    if (!handlerBundle) {
+      ::CFRelease(handlerBundleURL);
+      return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+    }
+
+    // Get the human-readable name of the bundle
+    CFStringRef bundleName =
+        (CFStringRef)::CFBundleGetValueForInfoDictionaryKey(handlerBundle, kCFBundleNameKey);
+
+    if (bundleName) {
+      AutoTArray<UniChar, 255> buffer;
+      CFIndex bundleNameLength = ::CFStringGetLength(bundleName);
+      buffer.SetLength(bundleNameLength);
+      ::CFStringGetCharacters(bundleName, CFRangeMake(0, bundleNameLength), buffer.Elements());
+      _retval.Assign(reinterpret_cast<char16_t*>(buffer.Elements()), bundleNameLength);
+      rv = NS_OK;
+    }
+    ::CFRelease(handlerBundle);
+    ::CFRelease(handlerBundleURL);
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+
+  NS_OBJC_END_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN(NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsOSHelperAppService::IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                                                     bool* _retval) {
+  NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN;
+
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+  CFURLRef handlerBundleURL;
+  rv = GetDefaultBundleURL(aScheme, &handlerBundleURL);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && handlerBundleURL) {
+    // Ensure we don't accidentally return success if we can't get an app bundle.
+    rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+    CFBundleRef appBundle = ::CFBundleGetMainBundle();
+    if (appBundle) {
+      CFURLRef selfURL = ::CFBundleCopyBundleURL(appBundle);
+      *_retval = ::CFEqual(selfURL, handlerBundleURL);
+      rv = NS_OK;
+      ::CFRelease(selfURL);
+    }
+    ::CFRelease(handlerBundleURL);
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+
+  NS_OBJC_END_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN(NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetFileTokenForPath(const char16_t* aPlatformAppPath,
+                                                   nsIFile** aFile) {
+  NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN;
+
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileMac> localFile(do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCAL_FILE_CONTRACTID, &rv));
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  CFURLRef pathAsCFURL;
+  CFStringRef pathAsCFString = ::CFStringCreateWithCharacters(
+      NULL, reinterpret_cast<const UniChar*>(aPlatformAppPath), NS_strlen(aPlatformAppPath));
+  if (!pathAsCFString) return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+
+  if (::CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(pathAsCFString, 0) == '/') {
+    // we have a Posix path
+    pathAsCFURL =
+        ::CFURLCreateWithFileSystemPath(nullptr, pathAsCFString, kCFURLPOSIXPathStyle, false);
+    if (!pathAsCFURL) {
+      ::CFRelease(pathAsCFString);
+      return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+    }
+  } else {
+    // if it doesn't start with a / it's not an absolute Posix path
+    // let's check if it's a HFS path left over from old preferences
+
+    // If it starts with a ':' char, it's not an absolute HFS path
+    // so bail for that, and also if it's empty
+    if (::CFStringGetLength(pathAsCFString) == 0 ||
+        ::CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(pathAsCFString, 0) == ':') {
+      ::CFRelease(pathAsCFString);
+      return NS_ERROR_FILE_UNRECOGNIZED_PATH;
+    }
+
+    pathAsCFURL =
+        ::CFURLCreateWithFileSystemPath(nullptr, pathAsCFString, kCFURLHFSPathStyle, false);
+    if (!pathAsCFURL) {
+      ::CFRelease(pathAsCFString);
+      return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+    }
+  }
+
+  rv = localFile->InitWithCFURL(pathAsCFURL);
+  ::CFRelease(pathAsCFString);
+  ::CFRelease(pathAsCFURL);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+  *aFile = localFile;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aFile);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+
+  NS_OBJC_END_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN(NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+}
+
+// Returns the MIME types an application bundle explicitly claims to handle.
+// Returns NULL if aAppRef doesn't explicitly claim to handle any MIME types.
+// If the return value is non-NULL, the caller is responsible for freeing it.
+// This isn't necessarily the same as the MIME types the application bundle
+// is registered to handle in the Launch Services database.  (For example
+// the Preview application is normally registered to handle the application/pdf
+// MIME type, even though it doesn't explicitly claim to handle *any* MIME
+// types in its Info.plist.  This is probably because Preview does explicitly
+// claim to handle the com.adobe.pdf UTI, and Launch Services somehow
+// translates this into a claim to support the application/pdf MIME type.
+// Launch Services doesn't provide any APIs (documented or undocumented) to
+// query which MIME types a given application is registered to handle.  So any
+// app that wants this information (e.g. the Default Apps pref pane) needs to
+// iterate through the entire Launch Services database -- a process which can
+// take several seconds.)
+static CFArrayRef GetMIMETypesHandledByApp(FSRef* aAppRef) {
+  CFURLRef appURL = ::CFURLCreateFromFSRef(kCFAllocatorDefault, aAppRef);
+  if (!appURL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  CFDictionaryRef infoDict = ::CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryForURL(appURL);
+  ::CFRelease(appURL);
+  if (!infoDict) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  CFTypeRef cfObject = ::CFDictionaryGetValue(infoDict, CFSTR("CFBundleDocumentTypes"));
+  if (!cfObject || (::CFGetTypeID(cfObject) != ::CFArrayGetTypeID())) {
+    ::CFRelease(infoDict);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  CFArrayRef docTypes = static_cast<CFArrayRef>(cfObject);
+  CFIndex docTypesCount = ::CFArrayGetCount(docTypes);
+  if (docTypesCount == 0) {
+    ::CFRelease(infoDict);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  CFMutableArrayRef mimeTypes =
+      ::CFArrayCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorDefault, 0, &kCFTypeArrayCallBacks);
+  for (CFIndex i = 0; i < docTypesCount; ++i) {
+    cfObject = ::CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(docTypes, i);
+    if (!cfObject || (::CFGetTypeID(cfObject) != ::CFDictionaryGetTypeID())) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    CFDictionaryRef typeDict = static_cast<CFDictionaryRef>(cfObject);
+
+    // When this key is present (on OS X 10.5 and later), its contents
+    // take precedence over CFBundleTypeMIMETypes (and CFBundleTypeExtensions
+    // and CFBundleTypeOSTypes).
+    cfObject = ::CFDictionaryGetValue(typeDict, CFSTR("LSItemContentTypes"));
+    if (cfObject && (::CFGetTypeID(cfObject) == ::CFArrayGetTypeID())) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    cfObject = ::CFDictionaryGetValue(typeDict, CFSTR("CFBundleTypeMIMETypes"));
+    if (!cfObject || (::CFGetTypeID(cfObject) != ::CFArrayGetTypeID())) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    CFArrayRef mimeTypeHolder = static_cast<CFArrayRef>(cfObject);
+    CFArrayAppendArray(mimeTypes, mimeTypeHolder,
+                       ::CFRangeMake(0, ::CFArrayGetCount(mimeTypeHolder)));
+  }
+
+  ::CFRelease(infoDict);
+  if (!::CFArrayGetCount(mimeTypes)) {
+    ::CFRelease(mimeTypes);
+    mimeTypes = NULL;
+  }
+  return mimeTypes;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                                                 const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+                                                 nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN;
+  MOZ_ASSERT(XRE_IsParentProcess());
+
+  *aFound = false;
+
+  const nsCString& flatType = PromiseFlatCString(aMIMEType);
+  const nsCString& flatExt = PromiseFlatCString(aFileExt);
+
+  MOZ_LOG(sLog, LogLevel::Debug,
+          ("Mac: HelperAppService lookup for type '%s' ext '%s'\n", flatType.get(), flatExt.get()));
+
+  // Create a Mac-specific MIME info so we can use Mac-specific members.
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoMac> mimeInfoMac = new nsMIMEInfoMac(aMIMEType);
+
+  NSAutoreleasePool* localPool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
+
+  OSStatus err;
+  bool haveAppForType = false;
+  bool haveAppForExt = false;
+  bool typeIsOctetStream = false;
+  bool typeAppIsDefault = false;
+  bool extAppIsDefault = false;
+  FSRef typeAppFSRef;
+  FSRef extAppFSRef;
+
+  CFStringRef cfMIMEType = NULL;
+
+  if (!aMIMEType.IsEmpty()) {
+    typeIsOctetStream = aMIMEType.LowerCaseEqualsLiteral(APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
+    CFURLRef appURL = NULL;
+    // CFStringCreateWithCString() can fail even if we're not out of memory --
+    // for example if the 'cStr' parameter is something very weird (like
+    // "\xFF\xFF~"), or possibly if it can't be interpreted as using what's
+    // specified in the 'encoding' parameter.  See bug 548719.
+    cfMIMEType = ::CFStringCreateWithCString(NULL, flatType.get(), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+    if (cfMIMEType) {
+      err = ::LSCopyApplicationForMIMEType(cfMIMEType, kLSRolesAll, &appURL);
+      if ((err == noErr) && appURL && ::CFURLGetFSRef(appURL, &typeAppFSRef)) {
+        haveAppForType = true;
+        MOZ_LOG(sLog, LogLevel::Debug,
+                ("LSCopyApplicationForMIMEType found a default application\n"));
+      }
+      if (appURL) {
+        ::CFRelease(appURL);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (!aFileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    // CFStringCreateWithCString() can fail even if we're not out of memory --
+    // for example if the 'cStr' parameter is something very weird (like
+    // "\xFF\xFF~"), or possibly if it can't be interpreted as using what's
+    // specified in the 'encoding' parameter.  See bug 548719.
+    CFStringRef cfExt = ::CFStringCreateWithCString(NULL, flatExt.get(), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+    if (cfExt) {
+      err = ::LSGetApplicationForInfo(kLSUnknownType, kLSUnknownCreator, cfExt, kLSRolesAll,
+                                      &extAppFSRef, nullptr);
+      if (err == noErr) {
+        haveAppForExt = true;
+        MOZ_LOG(sLog, LogLevel::Debug, ("LSGetApplicationForInfo found a default application\n"));
+      }
+      ::CFRelease(cfExt);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (haveAppForType && haveAppForExt) {
+    // Do aMIMEType and aFileExt match?
+    if (::FSCompareFSRefs((const FSRef*)&typeAppFSRef, (const FSRef*)&extAppFSRef) == noErr) {
+      typeAppIsDefault = true;
+      *aFound = true;
+    }
+  } else if (haveAppForType) {
+    // If aFileExt isn't empty, it doesn't match aMIMEType.
+    if (aFileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+      typeAppIsDefault = true;
+      *aFound = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If we have an app for the extension, and either don't have one for the
+  // type, or the type is application/octet-stream (ie "binary blob"), rely
+  // on the file extension.
+  if ((!haveAppForType || (!*aFound && typeIsOctetStream)) && haveAppForExt) {
+    // If aMIMEType isn't empty, it doesn't match aFileExt, which should mean
+    // that we haven't found a matching app.  But make an exception for an app
+    // that also explicitly claims to handle aMIMEType, or which doesn't claim
+    // to handle any MIME types.  This helps work around the following Apple
+    // design flaw:
+    //
+    // Launch Services is somewhat unreliable about registering Apple apps to
+    // handle MIME types.  Probably this is because Apple has officially
+    // deprecated support for MIME types (in favor of UTIs).  As a result,
+    // most of Apple's own apps don't explicitly claim to handle any MIME
+    // types (instead they claim to handle one or more UTIs).  So Launch
+    // Services must contain logic to translate support for a given UTI into
+    // support for one or more MIME types, and it doesn't always do this
+    // correctly.  For example DiskImageMounter isn't (by default) registered
+    // to handle the application/x-apple-diskimage MIME type.  See bug 675356.
+    //
+    // Apple has also deprecated support for file extensions, and Apple apps
+    // also don't register to handle them.  But for some reason Launch Services
+    // is (apparently) better about translating support for a given UTI into
+    // support for one or more file extensions.  It's not at all clear why.
+    if (aMIMEType.IsEmpty() || typeIsOctetStream) {
+      extAppIsDefault = true;
+      *aFound = true;
+    } else {
+      CFArrayRef extAppMIMETypes = GetMIMETypesHandledByApp(&extAppFSRef);
+      if (extAppMIMETypes) {
+        if (cfMIMEType) {
+          if (::CFArrayContainsValue(extAppMIMETypes,
+                                     ::CFRangeMake(0, ::CFArrayGetCount(extAppMIMETypes)),
+                                     cfMIMEType)) {
+            extAppIsDefault = true;
+            *aFound = true;
+          }
+        }
+        ::CFRelease(extAppMIMETypes);
+      } else {
+        extAppIsDefault = true;
+        *aFound = true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (cfMIMEType) {
+    ::CFRelease(cfMIMEType);
+  }
+
+  if (aMIMEType.IsEmpty()) {
+    if (haveAppForExt) {
+      // If aMIMEType is empty and we've found a default app for aFileExt, try
+      // to get the MIME type from aFileExt.  (It might also be worth doing
+      // this when aMIMEType isn't empty but haveAppForType is false -- but
+      // the doc for this method says that if we have a MIME type (in
+      // aMIMEType), we need to give it preference.)
+      NSURLFileTypeMappings* map = [NSURLFileTypeMappings sharedMappings];
+      NSString* extStr = [NSString stringWithCString:flatExt.get() encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
+      NSString* typeStr = map ? [map MIMETypeForExtension:extStr] : NULL;
+      if (typeStr) {
+        nsAutoCString mimeType;
+        mimeType.Assign((char*)[typeStr cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding]);
+        mimeInfoMac->SetMIMEType(mimeType);
+        haveAppForType = true;
+      } else {
+        // Sometimes the OS won't give us a MIME type for an extension that's
+        // registered with Launch Services and has a default app:  For example
+        // Real Player registers itself for the "ogg" extension and for the
+        // audio/x-ogg and application/x-ogg MIME types, but
+        // MIMETypeForExtension returns nil for the "ogg" extension even on
+        // systems where Real Player is installed.  This is probably an Apple
+        // bug.  But bad things happen if we return an nsIMIMEInfo structure
+        // with an empty MIME type and set *aFound to true.  So in this
+        // case we need to set it to false here.
+        haveAppForExt = false;
+        extAppIsDefault = false;
+        *aFound = false;
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Otherwise set the MIME type to a reasonable fallback.
+      mimeInfoMac->SetMIMEType(nsLiteralCString(APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM));
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (typeAppIsDefault || extAppIsDefault) {
+    if (haveAppForExt) mimeInfoMac->AppendExtension(aFileExt);
+
+    nsresult rv;
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileMac> app(do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCAL_FILE_CONTRACTID, &rv));
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+      [localPool release];
+      return rv;
+    }
+
+    CFStringRef cfAppName = NULL;
+    if (typeAppIsDefault) {
+      app->InitWithFSRef(&typeAppFSRef);
+      ::LSCopyItemAttribute((const FSRef*)&typeAppFSRef, kLSRolesAll, kLSItemDisplayName,
+                            (CFTypeRef*)&cfAppName);
+    } else {
+      app->InitWithFSRef(&extAppFSRef);
+      ::LSCopyItemAttribute((const FSRef*)&extAppFSRef, kLSRolesAll, kLSItemDisplayName,
+                            (CFTypeRef*)&cfAppName);
+    }
+    if (cfAppName) {
+      AutoTArray<UniChar, 255> buffer;
+      CFIndex appNameLength = ::CFStringGetLength(cfAppName);
+      buffer.SetLength(appNameLength);
+      ::CFStringGetCharacters(cfAppName, CFRangeMake(0, appNameLength), buffer.Elements());
+      nsAutoString appName;
+      appName.Assign(reinterpret_cast<char16_t*>(buffer.Elements()), appNameLength);
+      mimeInfoMac->SetDefaultDescription(appName);
+      ::CFRelease(cfAppName);
+    }
+
+    mimeInfoMac->SetDefaultApplication(app);
+    mimeInfoMac->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+
+  } else {
+    mimeInfoMac->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+  }
+
+  nsAutoCString mimeType;
+  mimeInfoMac->GetMIMEType(mimeType);
+  if (*aFound && !mimeType.IsEmpty()) {
+    // If we have a MIME type, make sure its extension list is included in our
+    // list.
+    NSURLFileTypeMappings* map = [NSURLFileTypeMappings sharedMappings];
+    NSString* typeStr = [NSString stringWithCString:mimeType.get() encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
+    NSArray* extensionsList = map ? [map extensionsForMIMEType:typeStr] : NULL;
+    if (extensionsList) {
+      for (NSString* extension in extensionsList) {
+        nsAutoCString ext;
+        ext.Assign((char*)[extension cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding]);
+        mimeInfoMac->AppendExtension(ext);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (CFStringRef cfType =
+            ::CFStringCreateWithCString(NULL, mimeType.get(), kCFStringEncodingUTF8)) {
+      if (CFStringRef cfTypeDesc = ::UTTypeCopyDescription(cfType)) {
+        AutoTArray<UniChar, 255> buffer;
+        CFIndex typeDescLength = ::CFStringGetLength(cfTypeDesc);
+        buffer.SetLength(typeDescLength);
+        ::CFStringGetCharacters(cfTypeDesc, CFRangeMake(0, typeDescLength), buffer.Elements());
+        nsAutoString typeDesc;
+        typeDesc.Assign(reinterpret_cast<char16_t*>(buffer.Elements()), typeDescLength);
+        mimeInfoMac->SetDescription(typeDesc);
+        ::CFRelease(cfTypeDesc);
+      }
+      ::CFRelease(cfType);
+    }
+  }
+
+  MOZ_LOG(sLog, LogLevel::Debug, ("OS gave us: type '%s' found '%i'\n", mimeType.get(), *aFound));
+
+  [localPool release];
+  mimeInfoMac.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+
+  NS_OBJC_END_TRY_BLOCK_RETURN(NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme, bool* found,
+                                                   nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) {
+  NS_ASSERTION(!aScheme.IsEmpty(), "No scheme was specified!");
+
+  nsresult rv = OSProtocolHandlerExists(nsPromiseFlatCString(aScheme).get(), found);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsMIMEInfoMac* handlerInfo = new nsMIMEInfoMac(aScheme, nsMIMEInfoBase::eProtocolInfo);
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(handlerInfo, NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY);
+  NS_ADDREF(*_retval = handlerInfo);
+
+  if (!*found) {
+    // Code that calls this requires an object regardless if the OS has
+    // something for us, so we return the empty object.
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // As a workaround for the OS X problem described in bug 1391186, don't
+  // attempt to get/set the application description from the child process.
+  if (!mozilla::net::IsNeckoChild()) {
+    nsAutoString desc;
+    rv = GetApplicationDescription(aScheme, desc);
+    NS_WARNING_ASSERTION(NS_SUCCEEDED(rv), "GetApplicationDescription failed");
+    handlerInfo->SetDefaultDescription(desc);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/moz.build b/uriloader/exthandler/moz.build
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0fb126a7f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/moz.build
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+# -*- Mode: python; indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 40 -*-
+# vim: set filetype=python:
+# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+SPHINX_TREES["/uriloader/exthandler"] = "docs"
+
+with Files("**"):
+    BUG_COMPONENT = ("Firefox", "File Handling")
+
+TEST_DIRS += ["tests"]
+
+XPIDL_SOURCES += [
+    "nsCExternalHandlerService.idl",
+    "nsIContentDispatchChooser.idl",
+    "nsIExternalHelperAppService.idl",
+    "nsIExternalProtocolService.idl",
+    "nsIHandlerService.idl",
+    "nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog.idl",
+    "nsISharingHandlerApp.idl",
+]
+
+XPIDL_MODULE = "exthandler"
+
+if CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] == "windows":
+    osdir = "win"
+    LOCAL_INCLUDES += ["win"]
+elif CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] == "cocoa":
+    osdir = "mac"
+elif CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] in ("android", "uikit"):
+    osdir = CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"]
+else:
+    osdir = "unix"
+
+EXPORTS += [osdir + "/nsOSHelperAppService.h"]
+
+EXPORTS += [
+    "ContentHandlerService.h",
+    "nsExternalHelperAppService.h",
+    "nsMIMEInfoChild.h",
+    "nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.h",
+]
+
+EXPORTS += [
+    "nsLocalHandlerApp.h",
+]
+
+EXPORTS.mozilla.dom += [
+    "ExternalHelperAppChild.h",
+    "ExternalHelperAppParent.h",
+]
+
+UNIFIED_SOURCES += [
+    "ContentHandlerService.cpp",
+    "ExternalHelperAppChild.cpp",
+    "ExternalHelperAppParent.cpp",
+    "HandlerServiceParent.cpp",
+    "nsExternalHelperAppService.cpp",
+    "nsExternalProtocolHandler.cpp",
+    "nsLocalHandlerApp.cpp",
+    "nsMIMEInfoImpl.cpp",
+    "nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.cpp",
+]
+
+if CONFIG["MOZ_BUILD_APP"] == "browser":
+    DEFINES["MOZ_BUILD_APP_IS_BROWSER"] = True
+
+if CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] == "cocoa":
+    UNIFIED_SOURCES += [
+        "mac/nsLocalHandlerAppMac.mm",
+        "mac/nsMIMEInfoMac.mm",
+        "mac/nsOSHelperAppService.mm",
+    ]
+elif CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] == "uikit":
+    UNIFIED_SOURCES += [
+        "uikit/nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit.mm",
+        "uikit/nsMIMEInfoUIKit.mm",
+        "uikit/nsOSHelperAppService.mm",
+    ]
+else:
+    # These files can't be built in unified mode because they redefine LOG.
+    SOURCES += [
+        osdir + "/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp",
+    ]
+
+if CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] == "gtk":
+    UNIFIED_SOURCES += [
+        "unix/nsGNOMERegistry.cpp",
+        "unix/nsMIMEInfoUnix.cpp",
+    ]
+elif CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] == "android":
+    UNIFIED_SOURCES += [
+        "android/nsMIMEInfoAndroid.cpp",
+    ]
+elif CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] == "windows":
+    UNIFIED_SOURCES += [
+        "win/nsMIMEInfoWin.cpp",
+    ]
+
+if CONFIG["MOZ_ENABLE_DBUS"]:
+    UNIFIED_SOURCES += [
+        "nsDBusHandlerApp.cpp",
+    ]
+    EXPORTS.mozilla += [
+        "DBusHelpers.h",
+    ]
+
+EXTRA_JS_MODULES += [
+    "ExtHandlerService.sys.mjs",
+    "WebHandlerApp.sys.mjs",
+]
+
+EXTRA_JS_MODULES.handlers += [
+    "HandlerList.sys.mjs",
+]
+
+XPCOM_MANIFESTS += [
+    "components.conf",
+]
+
+IPDL_SOURCES += [
+    "PExternalHelperApp.ipdl",
+    "PHandlerService.ipdl",
+]
+
+include("/ipc/chromium/chromium-config.mozbuild")
+
+FINAL_LIBRARY = "xul"
+
+LOCAL_INCLUDES += [
+    "/docshell/base",
+    "/dom/base",
+    "/dom/ipc",
+    "/netwerk/base",
+    "/netwerk/protocol/http",
+]
+
+if CONFIG["MOZ_ENABLE_DBUS"]:
+    CXXFLAGS += CONFIG["MOZ_DBUS_CFLAGS"]
+
+if CONFIG["MOZ_WIDGET_TOOLKIT"] == "gtk":
+    CXXFLAGS += CONFIG["MOZ_GTK3_CFLAGS"]
+    CXXFLAGS += CONFIG["MOZ_DBUS_GLIB_CFLAGS"]
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsCExternalHandlerService.idl b/uriloader/exthandler/nsCExternalHandlerService.idl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6aa83e285
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsCExternalHandlerService.idl
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/* -*- Mode: IDL; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsIExternalHelperAppService.idl"
+
+/*
+nsCExternalHelperApp implements:
+-------------------------
+nsIExternalHelperAppService
+*/
+
+%{ C++
+
+#define NS_EXTERNALHELPERAPPSERVICE_CONTRACTID \
+"@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-helper-app-service;1"
+
+#define NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID \
+"@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"
+
+#define NS_EXTERNALPROTOCOLSERVICE_CONTRACTID \
+"@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1"
+
+#define NS_MIMESERVICE_CONTRACTID \
+"@mozilla.org/mime;1"
+
+#define NS_LOCALHANDLERAPP_CONTRACTID \
+"@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+
+%}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsContentHandlerApp.h b/uriloader/exthandler/nsContentHandlerApp.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f372d8735e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsContentHandlerApp.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef __nsContentHandlerAppImpl_h__
+#define __nsContentHandlerAppImpl_h__
+
+#include <contentaction/contentaction.h>
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+
+class nsContentHandlerApp : public nsIHandlerApp {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIHANDLERAPP
+
+  nsContentHandlerApp(nsString aName, nsCString aType,
+                      ContentAction::Action& aAction);
+  virtual ~nsContentHandlerApp() {}
+
+ protected:
+  nsString mName;
+  nsCString mType;
+  nsString mDetailedDescription;
+
+  ContentAction::Action mAction;
+};
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsDBusHandlerApp.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/nsDBusHandlerApp.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6155a1a951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsDBusHandlerApp.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include <dbus/dbus.h>
+#include "mozilla/Components.h"
+#include "mozilla/DBusHelpers.h"
+#include "nsDBusHandlerApp.h"
+#include "nsIURI.h"
+#include "nsIClassInfoImpl.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+
+using namespace mozilla;
+
+// XXX why does nsMIMEInfoImpl have a threadsafe nsISupports?  do we need one
+// here too?
+NS_IMPL_CLASSINFO(nsDBusHandlerApp, nullptr, 0,
+                  components::DBusHandlerApp::CID())
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS_CI(nsDBusHandlerApp, nsIDBusHandlerApp, nsIHandlerApp)
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//// nsIHandlerApp
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::GetName(nsAString& aName) {
+  aName.Assign(mName);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::SetName(const nsAString& aName) {
+  mName.Assign(aName);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::SetDetailedDescription(
+    const nsAString& aDescription) {
+  mDetailedDescription.Assign(aDescription);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::GetDetailedDescription(
+    nsAString& aDescription) {
+  aDescription.Assign(mDetailedDescription);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsDBusHandlerApp::Equals(nsIHandlerApp* aHandlerApp, bool* _retval) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(aHandlerApp);
+
+  // If the handler app isn't a dbus handler app, then it's not the same app.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIDBusHandlerApp> dbusHandlerApp = do_QueryInterface(aHandlerApp);
+  if (!dbusHandlerApp) {
+    *_retval = false;
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+  nsAutoCString service;
+  nsAutoCString method;
+
+  nsresult rv = dbusHandlerApp->GetService(service);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    *_retval = false;
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+  rv = dbusHandlerApp->GetMethod(method);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    *_retval = false;
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  *_retval = service.Equals(mService) && method.Equals(mMethod);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsDBusHandlerApp::LaunchWithURI(
+    nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) {
+  nsAutoCString spec;
+  nsresult rv = aURI->GetAsciiSpec(spec);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  const char* uri = spec.get();
+
+  DBusError err;
+  dbus_error_init(&err);
+
+  mozilla::UniquePtr<DBusConnection, mozilla::DBusConnectionDelete> connection(
+      dbus_bus_get_private(DBUS_BUS_SESSION, &err));
+
+  if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
+    dbus_error_free(&err);
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  if (nullptr == connection) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  dbus_connection_set_exit_on_disconnect(connection.get(), false);
+
+  RefPtr<DBusMessage> msg =
+      already_AddRefed<DBusMessage>(dbus_message_new_method_call(
+          mService.get(), mObjpath.get(), mInterface.get(), mMethod.get()));
+
+  if (!msg) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  dbus_message_set_no_reply(msg, true);
+
+  DBusMessageIter iter;
+  dbus_message_iter_init_append(msg, &iter);
+  dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &uri);
+
+  if (dbus_connection_send(connection.get(), msg, nullptr)) {
+    dbus_connection_flush(connection.get());
+  } else {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//// nsIDBusHandlerApp
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::GetService(nsACString& aService) {
+  aService.Assign(mService);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::SetService(const nsACString& aService) {
+  mService.Assign(aService);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::GetMethod(nsACString& aMethod) {
+  aMethod.Assign(mMethod);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::SetMethod(const nsACString& aMethod) {
+  mMethod.Assign(aMethod);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::GetDBusInterface(nsACString& aInterface) {
+  aInterface.Assign(mInterface);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::SetDBusInterface(const nsACString& aInterface) {
+  mInterface.Assign(aInterface);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::GetObjectPath(nsACString& aObjpath) {
+  aObjpath.Assign(mObjpath);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsDBusHandlerApp::SetObjectPath(const nsACString& aObjpath) {
+  mObjpath.Assign(aObjpath);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsDBusHandlerApp.h b/uriloader/exthandler/nsDBusHandlerApp.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f45f917446
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsDBusHandlerApp.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef __nsDBusHandlerAppImpl_h__
+#define __nsDBusHandlerAppImpl_h__
+
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+
+class nsDBusHandlerApp : public nsIDBusHandlerApp {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIHANDLERAPP
+  NS_DECL_NSIDBUSHANDLERAPP
+
+  nsDBusHandlerApp() {}
+
+ protected:
+  virtual ~nsDBusHandlerApp() {}
+
+  nsString mName;
+  nsString mDetailedDescription;
+  nsCString mService;
+  nsCString mMethod;
+  nsCString mInterface;
+  nsCString mObjpath;
+};
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalHelperAppService.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalHelperAppService.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..84dc262561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalHelperAppService.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,3750 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "base/basictypes.h"
+
+/* This must occur *after* base/basictypes.h to avoid typedefs conflicts. */
+#include "mozilla/ArrayUtils.h"
+#include "mozilla/Base64.h"
+#include "mozilla/ResultExtensions.h"
+
+#include "mozilla/dom/ContentChild.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/BrowserChild.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/CanonicalBrowsingContext.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/Document.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/Element.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/WindowGlobalParent.h"
+#include "mozilla/RandomNum.h"
+#include "mozilla/StaticPrefs_dom.h"
+#include "mozilla/StaticPrefs_security.h"
+#include "mozilla/StaticPtr.h"
+#include "nsXULAppAPI.h"
+
+#include "ExternalHelperAppParent.h"
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsIURI.h"
+#include "nsIURL.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsIFileURL.h"
+#include "nsIChannel.h"
+#include "nsAppDirectoryServiceDefs.h"
+#include "nsICategoryManager.h"
+#include "nsDependentSubstring.h"
+#include "nsSandboxFlags.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsUnicharUtils.h"
+#include "nsIStringEnumerator.h"
+#include "nsIStreamListener.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEService.h"
+#include "nsILoadGroup.h"
+#include "nsIWebProgressListener.h"
+#include "nsITransfer.h"
+#include "nsReadableUtils.h"
+#include "nsIRequest.h"
+#include "nsDirectoryServiceDefs.h"
+#include "nsIInterfaceRequestor.h"
+#include "nsThreadUtils.h"
+#include "nsIMutableArray.h"
+#include "nsIRedirectHistoryEntry.h"
+#include "nsOSHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.h"
+#include "nsContentSecurityUtils.h"
+#include "nsUTF8Utils.h"
+#include "nsUnicodeProperties.h"
+
+// used to access our datastore of user-configured helper applications
+#include "nsIHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+#include "nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog.h"
+#include "nsIContentDispatchChooser.h"
+#include "nsNetUtil.h"
+#include "nsIPrivateBrowsingChannel.h"
+#include "nsIIOService.h"
+#include "nsNetCID.h"
+
+#include "nsIApplicationReputation.h"
+
+#include "nsDSURIContentListener.h"
+#include "nsMimeTypes.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+// used for header disposition information.
+#include "nsIHttpChannel.h"
+#include "nsIHttpChannelInternal.h"
+#include "nsIEncodedChannel.h"
+#include "nsIMultiPartChannel.h"
+#include "nsIFileChannel.h"
+#include "nsIObserverService.h"  // so we can be a profile change observer
+#include "nsIPropertyBag2.h"     // for the 64-bit content length
+
+#ifdef XP_MACOSX
+#  include "nsILocalFileMac.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "nsEscape.h"
+
+#include "nsIStringBundle.h"  // XXX needed to localize error msgs
+#include "nsIPrompt.h"
+
+#include "nsITextToSubURI.h"  // to unescape the filename
+
+#include "nsDocShellCID.h"
+
+#include "nsCRT.h"
+#include "nsLocalHandlerApp.h"
+
+#include "nsIRandomGenerator.h"
+
+#include "ContentChild.h"
+#include "nsXULAppAPI.h"
+#include "nsPIDOMWindow.h"
+#include "ExternalHelperAppChild.h"
+
+#include "mozilla/dom/nsHTTPSOnlyUtils.h"
+
+#ifdef XP_WIN
+#  include "nsWindowsHelpers.h"
+#  include "nsLocalFile.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "mozilla/Components.h"
+#include "mozilla/ClearOnShutdown.h"
+#include "mozilla/Preferences.h"
+#include "mozilla/ipc/URIUtils.h"
+
+using namespace mozilla;
+using namespace mozilla::ipc;
+using namespace mozilla::dom;
+
+#define kDefaultMaxFileNameLength 254
+
+// Download Folder location constants
+#define NS_PREF_DOWNLOAD_DIR "browser.download.dir"
+#define NS_PREF_DOWNLOAD_FOLDERLIST "browser.download.folderList"
+enum {
+  NS_FOLDER_VALUE_DESKTOP = 0,
+  NS_FOLDER_VALUE_DOWNLOADS = 1,
+  NS_FOLDER_VALUE_CUSTOM = 2
+};
+
+LazyLogModule nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog("HelperAppService");
+
+// Using level 3 here because the OSHelperAppServices use a log level
+// of LogLevel::Debug (4), and we want less detailed output here
+// Using 3 instead of LogLevel::Warning because we don't output warnings
+#undef LOG
+#define LOG(...)                                                     \
+  MOZ_LOG(nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, mozilla::LogLevel::Info, \
+          (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define LOG_ENABLED() \
+  MOZ_LOG_TEST(nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, mozilla::LogLevel::Info)
+
+static const char NEVER_ASK_FOR_SAVE_TO_DISK_PREF[] =
+    "browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk";
+static const char NEVER_ASK_FOR_OPEN_FILE_PREF[] =
+    "browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile";
+
+StaticRefPtr<nsIFile> sFallbackDownloadDir;
+
+// Helper functions for Content-Disposition headers
+
+/**
+ * Given a URI fragment, unescape it
+ * @param aFragment The string to unescape
+ * @param aURI The URI from which this fragment is taken. Only its character set
+ *             will be used.
+ * @param aResult [out] Unescaped string.
+ */
+static nsresult UnescapeFragment(const nsACString& aFragment, nsIURI* aURI,
+                                 nsAString& aResult) {
+  // We need the unescaper
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsITextToSubURI> textToSubURI =
+      do_GetService(NS_ITEXTTOSUBURI_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  return textToSubURI->UnEscapeURIForUI(aFragment, /* aDontEscape = */ true,
+                                        aResult);
+}
+
+/**
+ * UTF-8 version of UnescapeFragment.
+ * @param aFragment The string to unescape
+ * @param aURI The URI from which this fragment is taken. Only its character set
+ *             will be used.
+ * @param aResult [out] Unescaped string, UTF-8 encoded.
+ * @note It is safe to pass the same string for aFragment and aResult.
+ * @note When this function fails, aResult will not be modified.
+ */
+static nsresult UnescapeFragment(const nsACString& aFragment, nsIURI* aURI,
+                                 nsACString& aResult) {
+  nsAutoString result;
+  nsresult rv = UnescapeFragment(aFragment, aURI, result);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) CopyUTF16toUTF8(result, aResult);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Obtains the directory to use.  This tends to vary per platform, and
+ * needs to be consistent throughout our codepaths. For platforms where
+ * helper apps use the downloads directory, this should be kept in
+ * sync with DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs.
+ *
+ * Optionally skip availability of the directory and storage.
+ */
+static nsresult GetDownloadDirectory(nsIFile** _directory,
+                                     bool aSkipChecks = false) {
+#if defined(ANDROID)
+  return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+#endif
+
+  bool usePrefDir = !StaticPrefs::browser_download_start_downloads_in_tmp_dir();
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> dir;
+  nsresult rv;
+  if (usePrefDir) {
+    // Try to get the users download location, if it's set.
+    switch (Preferences::GetInt(NS_PREF_DOWNLOAD_FOLDERLIST, -1)) {
+      case NS_FOLDER_VALUE_DESKTOP:
+        (void)NS_GetSpecialDirectory(NS_OS_DESKTOP_DIR, getter_AddRefs(dir));
+        break;
+      case NS_FOLDER_VALUE_CUSTOM: {
+        Preferences::GetComplex(NS_PREF_DOWNLOAD_DIR, NS_GET_IID(nsIFile),
+                                getter_AddRefs(dir));
+        if (!dir) break;
+
+        // If we're not checking for availability we're done.
+        if (aSkipChecks) {
+          dir.forget(_directory);
+          return NS_OK;
+        }
+
+        // We have the directory, and now we need to make sure it exists
+        nsresult rv = dir->Create(nsIFile::DIRECTORY_TYPE, 0755);
+        // If we can't create this and it's not because the file already
+        // exists, clear out `dir` so we don't return it.
+        if (rv != NS_ERROR_FILE_ALREADY_EXISTS && NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+          dir = nullptr;
+        }
+      } break;
+      case NS_FOLDER_VALUE_DOWNLOADS:
+        // This is just the OS default location, so fall out
+        break;
+    }
+    if (!dir) {
+      rv = NS_GetSpecialDirectory(NS_OS_DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_DIR,
+                                  getter_AddRefs(dir));
+      if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+        // On some OSes, there is no guarantee this directory exists.
+        // Fall back to $HOME + Downloads.
+        if (sFallbackDownloadDir) {
+          sFallbackDownloadDir->Clone(getter_AddRefs(dir));
+        } else {
+          rv = NS_GetSpecialDirectory(NS_OS_HOME_DIR, getter_AddRefs(dir));
+          NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+          nsCOMPtr<nsIStringBundleService> bundleService =
+              do_GetService(NS_STRINGBUNDLE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+          NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+          nsAutoString downloadLocalized;
+          nsCOMPtr<nsIStringBundle> downloadBundle;
+          rv = bundleService->CreateBundle(
+              "chrome://mozapps/locale/downloads/downloads.properties",
+              getter_AddRefs(downloadBundle));
+          if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+            rv = downloadBundle->GetStringFromName("downloadsFolder",
+                                                   downloadLocalized);
+          }
+          if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+            downloadLocalized.AssignLiteral("Downloads");
+          }
+          rv = dir->Append(downloadLocalized);
+          NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+          // Can't getter_AddRefs on StaticRefPtr, so do some copying.
+          nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> copy;
+          dir->Clone(getter_AddRefs(copy));
+          sFallbackDownloadDir = copy.forget();
+          ClearOnShutdown(&sFallbackDownloadDir);
+        }
+        if (aSkipChecks) {
+          dir.forget(_directory);
+          return NS_OK;
+        }
+
+        // We have the directory, and now we need to make sure it exists
+        rv = dir->Create(nsIFile::DIRECTORY_TYPE, 0755);
+        if (rv == NS_ERROR_FILE_ALREADY_EXISTS || NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+          dir.forget(_directory);
+          rv = NS_OK;
+        }
+        return rv;
+      }
+      NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+    }
+  } else {
+    rv = NS_GetSpecialDirectory(NS_OS_TEMP_DIR, getter_AddRefs(dir));
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+#if !defined(XP_MACOSX) && defined(XP_UNIX)
+    // Ensuring that only the current user can read the file names we end up
+    // creating. Note that creating directories with a specified permission is
+    // only supported on Unix platform right now. That's why the above check
+    // exists.
+
+    uint32_t permissions;
+    rv = dir->GetPermissions(&permissions);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    if (permissions != PR_IRWXU) {
+      const char* userName = PR_GetEnv("USERNAME");
+      if (!userName || !*userName) {
+        userName = PR_GetEnv("USER");
+      }
+      if (!userName || !*userName) {
+        userName = PR_GetEnv("LOGNAME");
+      }
+      if (!userName || !*userName) {
+        userName = "mozillaUser";
+      }
+
+      nsAutoString userDir;
+      userDir.AssignLiteral("mozilla_");
+      userDir.AppendASCII(userName);
+      userDir.ReplaceChar(u"" FILE_PATH_SEPARATOR FILE_ILLEGAL_CHARACTERS, '_');
+
+      int counter = 0;
+      bool pathExists;
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> finalPath;
+
+      while (true) {
+        nsAutoString countedUserDir(userDir);
+        countedUserDir.AppendInt(counter, 10);
+        dir->Clone(getter_AddRefs(finalPath));
+        finalPath->Append(countedUserDir);
+
+        rv = finalPath->Exists(&pathExists);
+        NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+        if (pathExists) {
+          // If this path has the right permissions, use it.
+          rv = finalPath->GetPermissions(&permissions);
+          NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+          // Ensuring the path is writable by the current user.
+          bool isWritable;
+          rv = finalPath->IsWritable(&isWritable);
+          NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+          if (permissions == PR_IRWXU && isWritable) {
+            dir = finalPath;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+
+        rv = finalPath->Create(nsIFile::DIRECTORY_TYPE, PR_IRWXU);
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+          dir = finalPath;
+          break;
+        }
+        if (rv != NS_ERROR_FILE_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+          // Unexpected error.
+          return rv;
+        }
+        counter++;
+      }
+    }
+
+#endif
+  }
+
+  NS_ASSERTION(dir, "Somehow we didn't get a download directory!");
+  dir.forget(_directory);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper for random bytes for the filename of downloaded part files.
+ */
+nsresult GenerateRandomName(nsACString& result) {
+  // We will request raw random bytes, and transform that to a base64 string,
+  // using url-based base64 encoding so that all characters from the base64
+  // result will be acceptable for filenames.
+  // For each three bytes of random data, we will get four bytes of ASCII.
+  // Request a bit more, to be safe, then truncate in the end.
+
+  nsresult rv;
+  const uint32_t wantedFileNameLength = 8;
+  const uint32_t requiredBytesLength =
+      static_cast<uint32_t>((wantedFileNameLength + 1) / 4 * 3);
+
+  uint8_t buffer[requiredBytesLength];
+  if (!mozilla::GenerateRandomBytesFromOS(buffer, requiredBytesLength)) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoCString tempLeafName;
+  // We're forced to specify a padding policy, though this is guaranteed
+  // not to need padding due to requiredBytesLength being a multiple of 3.
+  rv = Base64URLEncode(requiredBytesLength, buffer,
+                       Base64URLEncodePaddingPolicy::Omit, tempLeafName);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  tempLeafName.Truncate(wantedFileNameLength);
+
+  result.Assign(tempLeafName);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Structure for storing extension->type mappings.
+ * @see defaultMimeEntries
+ */
+struct nsDefaultMimeTypeEntry {
+  const char* mMimeType;
+  const char* mFileExtension;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Default extension->mimetype mappings. These are not overridable.
+ * If you add types here, make sure they are lowercase, or you'll regret it.
+ */
+static const nsDefaultMimeTypeEntry defaultMimeEntries[] = {
+    // The following are those extensions that we're asked about during startup,
+    // sorted by order used
+    {IMAGE_GIF, "gif"},
+    {TEXT_XML, "xml"},
+    {APPLICATION_RDF, "rdf"},
+    {IMAGE_PNG, "png"},
+    // -- end extensions used during startup
+    {TEXT_CSS, "css"},
+    {IMAGE_JPEG, "jpeg"},
+    {IMAGE_JPEG, "jpg"},
+    {IMAGE_SVG_XML, "svg"},
+    {TEXT_HTML, "html"},
+    {TEXT_HTML, "htm"},
+    {APPLICATION_XPINSTALL, "xpi"},
+    {"application/xhtml+xml", "xhtml"},
+    {"application/xhtml+xml", "xht"},
+    {TEXT_PLAIN, "txt"},
+    {APPLICATION_JSON, "json"},
+    {APPLICATION_XJAVASCRIPT, "mjs"},
+    {APPLICATION_XJAVASCRIPT, "js"},
+    {APPLICATION_XJAVASCRIPT, "jsm"},
+    {VIDEO_OGG, "ogv"},
+    {VIDEO_OGG, "ogg"},
+    {APPLICATION_OGG, "ogg"},
+    {AUDIO_OGG, "oga"},
+    {AUDIO_OGG, "opus"},
+    {APPLICATION_PDF, "pdf"},
+    {VIDEO_WEBM, "webm"},
+    {AUDIO_WEBM, "webm"},
+    {IMAGE_ICO, "ico"},
+    {TEXT_PLAIN, "properties"},
+    {TEXT_PLAIN, "locale"},
+    {TEXT_PLAIN, "ftl"},
+#if defined(MOZ_WMF)
+    {VIDEO_MP4, "mp4"},
+    {AUDIO_MP4, "m4a"},
+    {AUDIO_MP3, "mp3"},
+#endif
+#ifdef MOZ_RAW
+    {VIDEO_RAW, "yuv"}
+#endif
+};
+
+/**
+ * This is a small private struct used to help us initialize some
+ * default mime types.
+ */
+struct nsExtraMimeTypeEntry {
+  const char* mMimeType;
+  const char* mFileExtensions;
+  const char* mDescription;
+};
+
+/**
+ * This table lists all of the 'extra' content types that we can deduce from
+ * particular file extensions.  These entries also ensure that we provide a good
+ * descriptive name when we encounter files with these content types and/or
+ * extensions.  These can be overridden by user helper app prefs. If you add
+ * types here, make sure they are lowercase, or you'll regret it.
+ */
+static const nsExtraMimeTypeEntry extraMimeEntries[] = {
+#if defined(XP_MACOSX)  // don't define .bin on the mac...use internet config to
+                        // look that up...
+    {APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM, "exe,com", "Binary File"},
+#else
+    {APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM, "exe,com,bin", "Binary File"},
+#endif
+    {APPLICATION_GZIP2, "gz", "gzip"},
+    {"application/x-arj", "arj", "ARJ file"},
+    {"application/rtf", "rtf", "Rich Text Format File"},
+    {APPLICATION_ZIP, "zip", "ZIP Archive"},
+    {APPLICATION_XPINSTALL, "xpi", "XPInstall Install"},
+    {APPLICATION_PDF, "pdf", "Portable Document Format"},
+    {APPLICATION_POSTSCRIPT, "ps,eps,ai", "Postscript File"},
+    {APPLICATION_XJAVASCRIPT, "js", "Javascript Source File"},
+    {APPLICATION_XJAVASCRIPT, "jsm,mjs", "Javascript Module Source File"},
+#ifdef MOZ_WIDGET_ANDROID
+    {"application/vnd.android.package-archive", "apk", "Android Package"},
+#endif
+
+    // OpenDocument formats
+    {"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text", "odt", "OpenDocument Text"},
+    {"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation", "odp",
+     "OpenDocument Presentation"},
+    {"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet", "ods",
+     "OpenDocument Spreadsheet"},
+    {"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics", "odg",
+     "OpenDocument Graphics"},
+
+    // Legacy Microsoft Office
+    {"application/msword", "doc", "Microsoft Word"},
+    {"application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "ppt", "Microsoft PowerPoint"},
+    {"application/vnd.ms-excel", "xls", "Microsoft Excel"},
+
+    // Office Open XML
+    {"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
+     "docx", "Microsoft Word (Open XML)"},
+    {"application/"
+     "vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",
+     "pptx", "Microsoft PowerPoint (Open XML)"},
+    {"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
+     "xlsx", "Microsoft Excel (Open XML)"},
+
+    {IMAGE_ART, "art", "ART Image"},
+    {IMAGE_BMP, "bmp", "BMP Image"},
+    {IMAGE_GIF, "gif", "GIF Image"},
+    {IMAGE_ICO, "ico,cur", "ICO Image"},
+    {IMAGE_JPEG, "jpg,jpeg,jfif,pjpeg,pjp", "JPEG Image"},
+    {IMAGE_PNG, "png", "PNG Image"},
+    {IMAGE_APNG, "apng", "APNG Image"},
+    {IMAGE_TIFF, "tiff,tif", "TIFF Image"},
+    {IMAGE_XBM, "xbm", "XBM Image"},
+    {IMAGE_SVG_XML, "svg", "Scalable Vector Graphics"},
+    {IMAGE_WEBP, "webp", "WebP Image"},
+    {IMAGE_AVIF, "avif", "AV1 Image File"},
+    {IMAGE_JXL, "jxl", "JPEG XL Image File"},
+
+    {MESSAGE_RFC822, "eml", "RFC-822 data"},
+    {TEXT_PLAIN, "txt,text", "Text File"},
+    {APPLICATION_JSON, "json", "JavaScript Object Notation"},
+    {TEXT_VTT, "vtt", "Web Video Text Tracks"},
+    {TEXT_CACHE_MANIFEST, "appcache", "Application Cache Manifest"},
+    {TEXT_HTML, "html,htm,shtml,ehtml", "HyperText Markup Language"},
+    {"application/xhtml+xml", "xhtml,xht",
+     "Extensible HyperText Markup Language"},
+    {APPLICATION_MATHML_XML, "mml", "Mathematical Markup Language"},
+    {APPLICATION_RDF, "rdf", "Resource Description Framework"},
+    {"text/csv", "csv", "CSV File"},
+    {TEXT_XML, "xml,xsl,xbl", "Extensible Markup Language"},
+    {TEXT_CSS, "css", "Style Sheet"},
+    {TEXT_VCARD, "vcf,vcard", "Contact Information"},
+    {TEXT_CALENDAR, "ics,ical,ifb,icalendar", "iCalendar"},
+    {VIDEO_OGG, "ogv,ogg", "Ogg Video"},
+    {APPLICATION_OGG, "ogg", "Ogg Video"},
+    {AUDIO_OGG, "oga", "Ogg Audio"},
+    {AUDIO_OGG, "opus", "Opus Audio"},
+    {VIDEO_WEBM, "webm", "Web Media Video"},
+    {AUDIO_WEBM, "webm", "Web Media Audio"},
+    {AUDIO_MP3, "mp3,mpega,mp2", "MPEG Audio"},
+    {VIDEO_MP4, "mp4,m4a,m4b", "MPEG-4 Video"},
+    {AUDIO_MP4, "m4a,m4b", "MPEG-4 Audio"},
+    {VIDEO_RAW, "yuv", "Raw YUV Video"},
+    {AUDIO_WAV, "wav", "Waveform Audio"},
+    {VIDEO_3GPP, "3gpp,3gp", "3GPP Video"},
+    {VIDEO_3GPP2, "3g2", "3GPP2 Video"},
+    {AUDIO_AAC, "aac", "AAC Audio"},
+    {AUDIO_FLAC, "flac", "FLAC Audio"},
+    {AUDIO_MIDI, "mid", "Standard MIDI Audio"},
+    {APPLICATION_WASM, "wasm", "WebAssembly Module"}};
+
+static const nsDefaultMimeTypeEntry sForbiddenPrimaryExtensions[] = {
+    {IMAGE_JPEG, "jfif"}};
+
+/**
+ * File extensions for which decoding should be disabled.
+ * NOTE: These MUST be lower-case and ASCII.
+ */
+static const nsDefaultMimeTypeEntry nonDecodableExtensions[] = {
+    {APPLICATION_GZIP, "gz"},
+    {APPLICATION_GZIP, "tgz"},
+    {APPLICATION_ZIP, "zip"},
+    {APPLICATION_COMPRESS, "z"},
+    {APPLICATION_GZIP, "svgz"}};
+
+/**
+ * Mimetypes for which we enforce using a known extension.
+ *
+ * In addition to this list, we do this for all audio/, video/ and
+ * image/ mimetypes.
+ */
+static const char* forcedExtensionMimetypes[] = {
+    APPLICATION_PDF, APPLICATION_OGG, APPLICATION_WASM,
+    TEXT_CALENDAR,   TEXT_CSS,        TEXT_VCARD};
+
+/**
+ * Primary extensions of types whose descriptions should be overwritten.
+ * This extension is concatenated with "ExtHandlerDescription" to look up the
+ * description in unknownContentType.properties.
+ * NOTE: These MUST be lower-case and ASCII.
+ */
+static const char* descriptionOverwriteExtensions[] = {
+    "avif", "jxl", "pdf", "svg", "webp", "xml",
+};
+
+static StaticRefPtr<nsExternalHelperAppService> sExtHelperAppSvcSingleton;
+
+/**
+ * In child processes, return an nsOSHelperAppServiceChild for remoting
+ * OS calls to the parent process.  In the parent process itself, use
+ * nsOSHelperAppService.
+ */
+/* static */
+already_AddRefed<nsExternalHelperAppService>
+nsExternalHelperAppService::GetSingleton() {
+  if (!sExtHelperAppSvcSingleton) {
+    if (XRE_IsParentProcess()) {
+      sExtHelperAppSvcSingleton = new nsOSHelperAppService();
+    } else {
+      sExtHelperAppSvcSingleton = new nsOSHelperAppServiceChild();
+    }
+    ClearOnShutdown(&sExtHelperAppSvcSingleton);
+  }
+
+  return do_AddRef(sExtHelperAppSvcSingleton);
+}
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(nsExternalHelperAppService, nsIExternalHelperAppService,
+                  nsPIExternalAppLauncher, nsIExternalProtocolService,
+                  nsIMIMEService, nsIObserver, nsISupportsWeakReference)
+
+nsExternalHelperAppService::nsExternalHelperAppService() {}
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::Init() {
+  // Add an observer for profile change
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIObserverService> obs = mozilla::services::GetObserverService();
+  if (!obs) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  nsresult rv = obs->AddObserver(this, "profile-before-change", true);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  return obs->AddObserver(this, "last-pb-context-exited", true);
+}
+
+nsExternalHelperAppService::~nsExternalHelperAppService() {}
+
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::DoContentContentProcessHelper(
+    const nsACString& aMimeContentType, nsIRequest* aRequest,
+    BrowsingContext* aContentContext, bool aForceSave,
+    nsIInterfaceRequestor* aWindowContext,
+    nsIStreamListener** aStreamListener) {
+  // We need to get a hold of a ContentChild so that we can begin forwarding
+  // this data to the parent.  In the HTTP case, this is unfortunate, since
+  // we're actually passing data from parent->child->parent wastefully, but
+  // the Right Fix will eventually be to short-circuit those channels on the
+  // parent side based on some sort of subscription concept.
+  using mozilla::dom::ContentChild;
+  using mozilla::dom::ExternalHelperAppChild;
+  ContentChild* child = ContentChild::GetSingleton();
+  if (!child) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  nsCString disp;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> uri;
+  int64_t contentLength = -1;
+  bool wasFileChannel = false;
+  uint32_t contentDisposition = -1;
+  nsAutoString fileName;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILoadInfo> loadInfo;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIChannel> channel = do_QueryInterface(aRequest);
+  if (channel) {
+    channel->GetURI(getter_AddRefs(uri));
+    channel->GetContentLength(&contentLength);
+    channel->GetContentDisposition(&contentDisposition);
+    channel->GetContentDispositionFilename(fileName);
+    channel->GetContentDispositionHeader(disp);
+    loadInfo = channel->LoadInfo();
+
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFileChannel> fileChan(do_QueryInterface(aRequest));
+    wasFileChannel = fileChan != nullptr;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> referrer;
+  NS_GetReferrerFromChannel(channel, getter_AddRefs(referrer));
+
+  Maybe<mozilla::net::LoadInfoArgs> loadInfoArgs;
+  MOZ_ALWAYS_SUCCEEDS(LoadInfoToLoadInfoArgs(loadInfo, &loadInfoArgs));
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIPropertyBag2> props(do_QueryInterface(aRequest));
+  // Determine whether a new window was opened specifically for this request
+  bool shouldCloseWindow = false;
+  if (props) {
+    props->GetPropertyAsBool(u"docshell.newWindowTarget"_ns,
+                             &shouldCloseWindow);
+  }
+
+  // Now we build a protocol for forwarding our data to the parent.  The
+  // protocol will act as a listener on the child-side and create a "real"
+  // helperAppService listener on the parent-side, via another call to
+  // DoContent.
+  RefPtr<ExternalHelperAppChild> childListener = new ExternalHelperAppChild();
+  MOZ_ALWAYS_TRUE(child->SendPExternalHelperAppConstructor(
+      childListener, uri, loadInfoArgs, nsCString(aMimeContentType), disp,
+      contentDisposition, fileName, aForceSave, contentLength, wasFileChannel,
+      referrer, aContentContext, shouldCloseWindow));
+
+  NS_ADDREF(*aStreamListener = childListener);
+
+  uint32_t reason = nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog::REASON_CANTHANDLE;
+
+  SanitizeFileName(fileName, 0);
+
+  RefPtr<nsExternalAppHandler> handler =
+      new nsExternalAppHandler(nullptr, u""_ns, aContentContext, aWindowContext,
+                               this, fileName, reason, aForceSave);
+  if (!handler) {
+    return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+  }
+
+  childListener->SetHandler(handler);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::CreateListener(
+    const nsACString& aMimeContentType, nsIRequest* aRequest,
+    BrowsingContext* aContentContext, bool aForceSave,
+    nsIInterfaceRequestor* aWindowContext,
+    nsIStreamListener** aStreamListener) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(!XRE_IsContentProcess());
+
+  nsAutoString fileName;
+  nsAutoCString fileExtension;
+  uint32_t reason = nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog::REASON_CANTHANDLE;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIChannel> channel = do_QueryInterface(aRequest);
+  if (channel) {
+    uint32_t contentDisposition = -1;
+    channel->GetContentDisposition(&contentDisposition);
+    if (contentDisposition == nsIChannel::DISPOSITION_ATTACHMENT) {
+      reason = nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog::REASON_SERVERREQUEST;
+    }
+  }
+
+  *aStreamListener = nullptr;
+
+  // Get the file extension and name that we will need later
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> uri;
+  bool allowURLExtension =
+      GetFileNameFromChannel(channel, fileName, getter_AddRefs(uri));
+
+  uint32_t flags = VALIDATE_ALLOW_EMPTY;
+  if (aMimeContentType.Equals(APPLICATION_GUESS_FROM_EXT,
+                              nsCaseInsensitiveCStringComparator)) {
+    flags |= VALIDATE_GUESS_FROM_EXTENSION;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mimeInfo = ValidateFileNameForSaving(
+      fileName, aMimeContentType, uri, nullptr, flags, allowURLExtension);
+
+  LOG("Type/Ext lookup found 0x%p\n", mimeInfo.get());
+
+  // No mimeinfo -> we can't continue. probably OOM.
+  if (!mimeInfo) {
+    return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+  }
+
+  if (flags & VALIDATE_GUESS_FROM_EXTENSION) {
+    if (channel) {
+      // Replace the content type with what was guessed.
+      nsAutoCString mimeType;
+      mimeInfo->GetMIMEType(mimeType);
+      channel->SetContentType(mimeType);
+    }
+
+    if (reason == nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog::REASON_CANTHANDLE) {
+      reason = nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog::REASON_TYPESNIFFED;
+    }
+  }
+
+  nsAutoString extension;
+  int32_t dotidx = fileName.RFind(u".");
+  if (dotidx != -1) {
+    extension = Substring(fileName, dotidx + 1);
+  }
+
+  // NB: ExternalHelperAppParent depends on this listener always being an
+  // nsExternalAppHandler. If this changes, make sure to update that code.
+  nsExternalAppHandler* handler = new nsExternalAppHandler(
+      mimeInfo, extension, aContentContext, aWindowContext, this, fileName,
+      reason, aForceSave);
+  if (!handler) {
+    return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+  }
+
+  NS_ADDREF(*aStreamListener = handler);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::DoContent(
+    const nsACString& aMimeContentType, nsIRequest* aRequest,
+    nsIInterfaceRequestor* aContentContext, bool aForceSave,
+    nsIInterfaceRequestor* aWindowContext,
+    nsIStreamListener** aStreamListener) {
+  // Scripted interface requestors cannot return an instance of the
+  // (non-scriptable) nsPIDOMWindowOuter or nsPIDOMWindowInner interfaces, so
+  // get to the window via `nsIDOMWindow`.  Unfortunately, at that point we
+  // don't know whether the thing we got is an inner or outer window, so have to
+  // work with either one.
+  RefPtr<BrowsingContext> bc;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIDOMWindow> domWindow = do_GetInterface(aContentContext);
+  if (nsCOMPtr<nsPIDOMWindowOuter> outerWindow = do_QueryInterface(domWindow)) {
+    bc = outerWindow->GetBrowsingContext();
+  } else if (nsCOMPtr<nsPIDOMWindowInner> innerWindow =
+                 do_QueryInterface(domWindow)) {
+    bc = innerWindow->GetBrowsingContext();
+  }
+
+  if (XRE_IsContentProcess()) {
+    return DoContentContentProcessHelper(aMimeContentType, aRequest, bc,
+                                         aForceSave, aWindowContext,
+                                         aStreamListener);
+  }
+
+  nsresult rv = CreateListener(aMimeContentType, aRequest, bc, aForceSave,
+                               aWindowContext, aStreamListener);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::ApplyDecodingForExtension(
+    const nsACString& aExtension, const nsACString& aEncodingType,
+    bool* aApplyDecoding) {
+  *aApplyDecoding = true;
+  uint32_t i;
+  for (i = 0; i < ArrayLength(nonDecodableExtensions); ++i) {
+    if (aExtension.LowerCaseEqualsASCII(
+            nonDecodableExtensions[i].mFileExtension) &&
+        aEncodingType.LowerCaseEqualsASCII(
+            nonDecodableExtensions[i].mMimeType)) {
+      *aApplyDecoding = false;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::GetFileTokenForPath(
+    const char16_t* aPlatformAppPath, nsIFile** aFile) {
+  nsDependentString platformAppPath(aPlatformAppPath);
+  // First, check if we have an absolute path
+  nsIFile* localFile = nullptr;
+  nsresult rv = NS_NewLocalFile(platformAppPath, true, &localFile);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    *aFile = localFile;
+    bool exists;
+    if (NS_FAILED((*aFile)->Exists(&exists)) || !exists) {
+      NS_RELEASE(*aFile);
+      return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+    }
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // Second, check if file exists in mozilla program directory
+  rv = NS_GetSpecialDirectory(NS_XPCOM_CURRENT_PROCESS_DIR, aFile);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    rv = (*aFile)->Append(platformAppPath);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      bool exists = false;
+      rv = (*aFile)->Exists(&exists);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && exists) return NS_OK;
+    }
+    NS_RELEASE(*aFile);
+  }
+
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// begin external protocol service default implementation...
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(
+    const char* aProtocolScheme, bool* aHandlerExists) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerInfo> handlerInfo;
+  nsresult rv = GetProtocolHandlerInfo(nsDependentCString(aProtocolScheme),
+                                       getter_AddRefs(handlerInfo));
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    // See if we have any known possible handler apps for this
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray> possibleHandlers;
+    handlerInfo->GetPossibleApplicationHandlers(
+        getter_AddRefs(possibleHandlers));
+
+    uint32_t length;
+    possibleHandlers->GetLength(&length);
+    if (length) {
+      *aHandlerExists = true;
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // if not, fall back on an os-based handler
+  return OSProtocolHandlerExists(aProtocolScheme, aHandlerExists);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::IsExposedProtocol(
+    const char* aProtocolScheme, bool* aResult) {
+  // check the per protocol setting first.  it always takes precedence.
+  // if not set, then use the global setting.
+
+  nsAutoCString prefName("network.protocol-handler.expose.");
+  prefName += aProtocolScheme;
+  bool val;
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(Preferences::GetBool(prefName.get(), &val))) {
+    *aResult = val;
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // by default, no protocol is exposed.  i.e., by default all link clicks must
+  // go through the external protocol service.  most applications override this
+  // default behavior.
+  *aResult = Preferences::GetBool("network.protocol-handler.expose-all", false);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+static const char kExternalProtocolPrefPrefix[] =
+    "network.protocol-handler.external.";
+static const char kExternalProtocolDefaultPref[] =
+    "network.protocol-handler.external-default";
+
+// static
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::EscapeURI(nsIURI* aURI, nsIURI** aResult) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(aURI);
+  MOZ_ASSERT(aResult);
+
+  nsAutoCString spec;
+  aURI->GetSpec(spec);
+
+  if (spec.Find("%00") != -1) return NS_ERROR_MALFORMED_URI;
+
+  nsAutoCString escapedSpec;
+  nsresult rv = NS_EscapeURL(spec, esc_AlwaysCopy | esc_ExtHandler, escapedSpec,
+                             fallible);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIIOService> ios(do_GetIOService());
+  return ios->NewURI(escapedSpec, nullptr, nullptr, aResult);
+}
+
+bool ExternalProtocolIsBlockedBySandbox(
+    BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext,
+    const bool aHasValidUserGestureActivation) {
+  if (!StaticPrefs::dom_block_external_protocol_navigation_from_sandbox()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!aBrowsingContext || aBrowsingContext->IsTop()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  uint32_t sandboxFlags = aBrowsingContext->GetSandboxFlags();
+
+  if (sandboxFlags == SANDBOXED_NONE) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!(sandboxFlags & SANDBOXED_AUXILIARY_NAVIGATION)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!(sandboxFlags & SANDBOXED_TOPLEVEL_NAVIGATION)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!(sandboxFlags & SANDBOXED_TOPLEVEL_NAVIGATION_CUSTOM_PROTOCOLS)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!(sandboxFlags & SANDBOXED_TOPLEVEL_NAVIGATION_USER_ACTIVATION) &&
+      aHasValidUserGestureActivation) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::LoadURI(nsIURI* aURI,
+                                    nsIPrincipal* aTriggeringPrincipal,
+                                    nsIPrincipal* aRedirectPrincipal,
+                                    BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext,
+                                    bool aTriggeredExternally,
+                                    bool aHasValidUserGestureActivation) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(aURI);
+
+  if (XRE_IsContentProcess()) {
+    mozilla::dom::ContentChild::GetSingleton()->SendLoadURIExternal(
+        aURI, aTriggeringPrincipal, aRedirectPrincipal, aBrowsingContext,
+        aTriggeredExternally, aHasValidUserGestureActivation);
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // Prevent sandboxed BrowsingContexts from navigating to external protocols.
+  // This only uses the sandbox flags of the target BrowsingContext of the
+  // load. The navigating document's CSP sandbox flags do not apply.
+  if (aBrowsingContext &&
+      ExternalProtocolIsBlockedBySandbox(aBrowsingContext,
+                                         aHasValidUserGestureActivation)) {
+    // Log an error to the web console of the sandboxed BrowsingContext.
+    nsAutoString localizedMsg;
+    nsAutoCString spec;
+    aURI->GetSpec(spec);
+
+    AutoTArray<nsString, 1> params = {NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(spec)};
+    nsresult rv = nsContentUtils::FormatLocalizedString(
+        nsContentUtils::eSECURITY_PROPERTIES, "SandboxBlockedCustomProtocols",
+        params, localizedMsg);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    // Log to the the parent window of the iframe. If there is no parent, fall
+    // back to the iframe window itself.
+    WindowContext* windowContext = aBrowsingContext->GetParentWindowContext();
+    if (!windowContext) {
+      windowContext = aBrowsingContext->GetCurrentWindowContext();
+    }
+
+    // Skip logging if we still don't have a WindowContext.
+    NS_ENSURE_TRUE(windowContext, NS_ERROR_FAILURE);
+
+    nsContentUtils::ReportToConsoleByWindowID(
+        localizedMsg, nsIScriptError::errorFlag, "Security"_ns,
+        windowContext->InnerWindowId(),
+        windowContext->Canonical()->GetDocumentURI());
+
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> escapedURI;
+  nsresult rv = EscapeURI(aURI, getter_AddRefs(escapedURI));
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  nsAutoCString scheme;
+  escapedURI->GetScheme(scheme);
+  if (scheme.IsEmpty()) return NS_OK;  // must have a scheme
+
+  // Deny load if the prefs say to do so
+  nsAutoCString externalPref(kExternalProtocolPrefPrefix);
+  externalPref += scheme;
+  bool allowLoad = false;
+  if (NS_FAILED(Preferences::GetBool(externalPref.get(), &allowLoad))) {
+    // no scheme-specific value, check the default
+    if (NS_FAILED(
+            Preferences::GetBool(kExternalProtocolDefaultPref, &allowLoad))) {
+      return NS_OK;  // missing default pref
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!allowLoad) {
+    return NS_OK;  // explicitly denied
+  }
+
+  // Now check if the principal is allowed to access the navigated context.
+  // We allow navigating subframes, even if not same-origin - non-external
+  // links can always navigate everywhere, so this is a minor additional
+  // restriction, only aiming to prevent some types of spoofing attacks
+  // from otherwise disjoint browsingcontext trees.
+  if (aBrowsingContext && aTriggeringPrincipal &&
+      !StaticPrefs::security_allow_disjointed_external_uri_loads() &&
+      // Add-on principals are always allowed:
+      !BasePrincipal::Cast(aTriggeringPrincipal)->AddonPolicy() &&
+      // As is chrome code:
+      !aTriggeringPrincipal->IsSystemPrincipal()) {
+    RefPtr<BrowsingContext> bc = aBrowsingContext;
+    WindowGlobalParent* wgp = bc->Canonical()->GetCurrentWindowGlobal();
+    bool foundAccessibleFrame = false;
+
+    // Also allow this load if the target is a toplevel BC and contains a
+    // non-web-controlled about:blank document
+    if (bc->IsTop() && !bc->HadOriginalOpener() && wgp) {
+      RefPtr<nsIURI> uri = wgp->GetDocumentURI();
+      foundAccessibleFrame =
+          uri && uri->GetSpecOrDefault().EqualsLiteral("about:blank");
+    }
+
+    while (!foundAccessibleFrame) {
+      if (wgp) {
+        foundAccessibleFrame =
+            aTriggeringPrincipal->Subsumes(wgp->DocumentPrincipal());
+      }
+      // We have to get the parent via the bc, because there may not
+      // be a window global for the innermost bc; see bug 1650162.
+      BrowsingContext* parent = bc->GetParent();
+      if (!parent) {
+        break;
+      }
+      bc = parent;
+      wgp = parent->Canonical()->GetCurrentWindowGlobal();
+    }
+
+    if (!foundAccessibleFrame) {
+      // See if this navigation could have come from a subframe.
+      nsTArray<RefPtr<BrowsingContext>> contexts;
+      aBrowsingContext->GetAllBrowsingContextsInSubtree(contexts);
+      for (const auto& kid : contexts) {
+        wgp = kid->Canonical()->GetCurrentWindowGlobal();
+        if (wgp && aTriggeringPrincipal->Subsumes(wgp->DocumentPrincipal())) {
+          foundAccessibleFrame = true;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!foundAccessibleFrame) {
+      return NS_OK;  // deny the load.
+    }
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerInfo> handler;
+  rv = GetProtocolHandlerInfo(scheme, getter_AddRefs(handler));
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIContentDispatchChooser> chooser =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/content-dispatch-chooser;1", &rv);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  return chooser->HandleURI(
+      handler, escapedURI,
+      aRedirectPrincipal ? aRedirectPrincipal : aTriggeringPrincipal,
+      aBrowsingContext, aTriggeredExternally);
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Methods related to deleting temporary files on exit
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+/* static */
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::DeleteTemporaryFileHelper(
+    nsIFile* aTemporaryFile, nsCOMArray<nsIFile>& aFileList) {
+  bool isFile = false;
+
+  // as a safety measure, make sure the nsIFile is really a file and not a
+  // directory object.
+  aTemporaryFile->IsFile(&isFile);
+  if (!isFile) return NS_OK;
+
+  aFileList.AppendObject(aTemporaryFile);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::DeleteTemporaryFileOnExit(nsIFile* aTemporaryFile) {
+  return DeleteTemporaryFileHelper(aTemporaryFile, mTemporaryFilesList);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::DeleteTemporaryPrivateFileWhenPossible(
+    nsIFile* aTemporaryFile) {
+  return DeleteTemporaryFileHelper(aTemporaryFile, mTemporaryPrivateFilesList);
+}
+
+void nsExternalHelperAppService::ExpungeTemporaryFilesHelper(
+    nsCOMArray<nsIFile>& fileList) {
+  int32_t numEntries = fileList.Count();
+  nsIFile* localFile;
+  for (int32_t index = 0; index < numEntries; index++) {
+    localFile = fileList[index];
+    if (localFile) {
+      // First make the file writable, since the temp file is probably readonly.
+      localFile->SetPermissions(0600);
+      localFile->Remove(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  fileList.Clear();
+}
+
+void nsExternalHelperAppService::ExpungeTemporaryFiles() {
+  ExpungeTemporaryFilesHelper(mTemporaryFilesList);
+}
+
+void nsExternalHelperAppService::ExpungeTemporaryPrivateFiles() {
+  ExpungeTemporaryFilesHelper(mTemporaryPrivateFilesList);
+}
+
+static const char kExternalWarningPrefPrefix[] =
+    "network.protocol-handler.warn-external.";
+static const char kExternalWarningDefaultPref[] =
+    "network.protocol-handler.warn-external-default";
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::GetProtocolHandlerInfo(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, nsIHandlerInfo** aHandlerInfo) {
+  // XXX enterprise customers should be able to turn this support off with a
+  // single master pref (maybe use one of the "exposed" prefs here?)
+
+  bool exists;
+  nsresult rv = GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(aScheme, &exists, aHandlerInfo);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    // Either it knows nothing, or we ran out of memory
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  if (handlerSvc) {
+    bool hasHandler = false;
+    (void)handlerSvc->Exists(*aHandlerInfo, &hasHandler);
+    if (hasHandler) {
+      rv = handlerSvc->FillHandlerInfo(*aHandlerInfo, ""_ns);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) return NS_OK;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return SetProtocolHandlerDefaults(*aHandlerInfo, exists);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::SetProtocolHandlerDefaults(
+    nsIHandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo, bool aOSHandlerExists) {
+  // this type isn't in our database, so we've only got an OS default handler,
+  // if one exists
+
+  if (aOSHandlerExists) {
+    // we've got a default, so use it
+    aHandlerInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIHandlerInfo::useSystemDefault);
+
+    // whether or not to ask the user depends on the warning preference
+    nsAutoCString scheme;
+    aHandlerInfo->GetType(scheme);
+
+    nsAutoCString warningPref(kExternalWarningPrefPrefix);
+    warningPref += scheme;
+    bool warn;
+    if (NS_FAILED(Preferences::GetBool(warningPref.get(), &warn))) {
+      // no scheme-specific value, check the default
+      warn = Preferences::GetBool(kExternalWarningDefaultPref, true);
+    }
+    aHandlerInfo->SetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(warn);
+  } else {
+    // If no OS default existed, we set the preferred action to alwaysAsk.
+    // This really means not initialized (i.e. there's no available handler)
+    // to all the code...
+    aHandlerInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIHandlerInfo::alwaysAsk);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+// XPCOM profile change observer
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::Observe(nsISupports* aSubject, const char* aTopic,
+                                    const char16_t* someData) {
+  if (!strcmp(aTopic, "profile-before-change")) {
+    ExpungeTemporaryFiles();
+  } else if (!strcmp(aTopic, "last-pb-context-exited")) {
+    ExpungeTemporaryPrivateFiles();
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// begin external app handler implementation
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+NS_IMPL_ADDREF(nsExternalAppHandler)
+NS_IMPL_RELEASE(nsExternalAppHandler)
+
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_BEGIN(nsExternalAppHandler)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY_AMBIGUOUS(nsISupports, nsIStreamListener)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIStreamListener)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIRequestObserver)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIHelperAppLauncher)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsICancelable)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIBackgroundFileSaverObserver)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsINamed)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY_CONCRETE(nsExternalAppHandler)
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_END
+
+nsExternalAppHandler::nsExternalAppHandler(
+    nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo, const nsAString& aFileExtension,
+    BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext, nsIInterfaceRequestor* aWindowContext,
+    nsExternalHelperAppService* aExtProtSvc,
+    const nsAString& aSuggestedFileName, uint32_t aReason, bool aForceSave)
+    : mMimeInfo(aMIMEInfo),
+      mBrowsingContext(aBrowsingContext),
+      mWindowContext(aWindowContext),
+      mSuggestedFileName(aSuggestedFileName),
+      mForceSave(aForceSave),
+      mForceSaveInternallyHandled(false),
+      mCanceled(false),
+      mStopRequestIssued(false),
+      mIsFileChannel(false),
+      mShouldCloseWindow(false),
+      mHandleInternally(false),
+      mDialogShowing(false),
+      mReason(aReason),
+      mTempFileIsExecutable(false),
+      mTimeDownloadStarted(0),
+      mContentLength(-1),
+      mProgress(0),
+      mSaver(nullptr),
+      mDialogProgressListener(nullptr),
+      mTransfer(nullptr),
+      mRequest(nullptr),
+      mExtProtSvc(aExtProtSvc) {
+  // make sure the extention includes the '.'
+  if (!aFileExtension.IsEmpty() && aFileExtension.First() != '.') {
+    mFileExtension = char16_t('.');
+  }
+  mFileExtension.Append(aFileExtension);
+
+  mBufferSize = Preferences::GetUint("network.buffer.cache.size", 4096);
+}
+
+nsExternalAppHandler::~nsExternalAppHandler() {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(!mSaver, "Saver should hold a reference to us until deleted");
+}
+
+void nsExternalAppHandler::DidDivertRequest(nsIRequest* request) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(XRE_IsContentProcess(), "in child process");
+  // Remove our request from the child loadGroup
+  RetargetLoadNotifications(request);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::SetWebProgressListener(
+    nsIWebProgressListener2* aWebProgressListener) {
+  // This is always called by nsHelperDlg.js. Go ahead and register the
+  // progress listener. At this point, we don't have mTransfer.
+  mDialogProgressListener = aWebProgressListener;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::GetTargetFile(nsIFile** aTarget) {
+  if (mFinalFileDestination)
+    *aTarget = mFinalFileDestination;
+  else
+    *aTarget = mTempFile;
+
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aTarget);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::GetTargetFileIsExecutable(bool* aExec) {
+  // Use the real target if it's been set
+  if (mFinalFileDestination) return mFinalFileDestination->IsExecutable(aExec);
+
+  // Otherwise, use the stored executable-ness of the temporary
+  *aExec = mTempFileIsExecutable;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::GetTimeDownloadStarted(PRTime* aTime) {
+  *aTime = mTimeDownloadStarted;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::GetContentLength(int64_t* aContentLength) {
+  *aContentLength = mContentLength;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::GetBrowsingContextId(
+    uint64_t* aBrowsingContextId) {
+  *aBrowsingContextId = mBrowsingContext ? mBrowsingContext->Id() : 0;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+void nsExternalAppHandler::RetargetLoadNotifications(nsIRequest* request) {
+  // we are going to run the downloading of the helper app in our own little
+  // docloader / load group context. so go ahead and force the creation of a
+  // load group and doc loader for us to use...
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIChannel> aChannel = do_QueryInterface(request);
+  if (!aChannel) return;
+
+  bool isPrivate = NS_UsePrivateBrowsing(aChannel);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILoadGroup> oldLoadGroup;
+  aChannel->GetLoadGroup(getter_AddRefs(oldLoadGroup));
+
+  if (oldLoadGroup) {
+    oldLoadGroup->RemoveRequest(request, nullptr, NS_BINDING_RETARGETED);
+  }
+
+  aChannel->SetLoadGroup(nullptr);
+  aChannel->SetNotificationCallbacks(nullptr);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIPrivateBrowsingChannel> pbChannel = do_QueryInterface(aChannel);
+  if (pbChannel) {
+    pbChannel->SetPrivate(isPrivate);
+  }
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalAppHandler::SetUpTempFile(nsIChannel* aChannel) {
+  // First we need to try to get the destination directory for the temporary
+  // file.
+  nsresult rv = GetDownloadDirectory(getter_AddRefs(mTempFile));
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // At this point, we do not have a filename for the temp file.  For security
+  // purposes, this cannot be predictable, so we must use a cryptographic
+  // quality PRNG to generate one.
+  nsAutoCString tempLeafName;
+  rv = GenerateRandomName(tempLeafName);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // now append our extension.
+  nsAutoCString ext;
+  mMimeInfo->GetPrimaryExtension(ext);
+  if (!ext.IsEmpty()) {
+    ext.ReplaceChar(KNOWN_PATH_SEPARATORS FILE_ILLEGAL_CHARACTERS, '_');
+    if (ext.First() != '.') tempLeafName.Append('.');
+    tempLeafName.Append(ext);
+  }
+
+  // We need to temporarily create a dummy file with the correct
+  // file extension to determine the executable-ness, so do this before adding
+  // the extra .part extension.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> dummyFile;
+  rv = NS_GetSpecialDirectory(NS_OS_TEMP_DIR, getter_AddRefs(dummyFile));
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // Set the file name without .part
+  rv = dummyFile->Append(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(tempLeafName));
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  rv = dummyFile->CreateUnique(nsIFile::NORMAL_FILE_TYPE, 0600);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // Store executable-ness then delete
+  dummyFile->IsExecutable(&mTempFileIsExecutable);
+  dummyFile->Remove(false);
+
+  // Add an additional .part to prevent the OS from running this file in the
+  // default application.
+  tempLeafName.AppendLiteral(".part");
+
+  rv = mTempFile->Append(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(tempLeafName));
+  // make this file unique!!!
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  rv = mTempFile->CreateUnique(nsIFile::NORMAL_FILE_TYPE, 0600);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // Now save the temp leaf name, minus the ".part" bit, so we can use it later.
+  // This is a bit broken in the case when createUnique actually had to append
+  // some numbers, because then we now have a filename like foo.bar-1.part and
+  // we'll end up with foo.bar-1.bar as our final filename if we end up using
+  // this.  But the other options are all bad too....  Ideally we'd have a way
+  // to tell createUnique to put its unique marker before the extension that
+  // comes before ".part" or something.
+  rv = mTempFile->GetLeafName(mTempLeafName);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(StringEndsWith(mTempLeafName, u".part"_ns),
+                 NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED);
+
+  // Strip off the ".part" from mTempLeafName
+  mTempLeafName.Truncate(mTempLeafName.Length() - ArrayLength(".part") + 1);
+
+  MOZ_ASSERT(!mSaver, "Output file initialization called more than once!");
+  mSaver =
+      do_CreateInstance(NS_BACKGROUNDFILESAVERSTREAMLISTENER_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  rv = mSaver->SetObserver(this);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    mSaver = nullptr;
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  rv = mSaver->EnableSha256();
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  rv = mSaver->EnableSignatureInfo();
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  LOG("Enabled hashing and signature verification");
+
+  rv = mSaver->SetTarget(mTempFile, false);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+void nsExternalAppHandler::MaybeApplyDecodingForExtension(
+    nsIRequest* aRequest) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(aRequest);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIEncodedChannel> encChannel = do_QueryInterface(aRequest);
+  if (!encChannel) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Turn off content encoding conversions if needed
+  bool applyConversion = true;
+
+  // First, check to see if conversion is already disabled.  If so, we
+  // have nothing to do here.
+  encChannel->GetApplyConversion(&applyConversion);
+  if (!applyConversion) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURL> sourceURL(do_QueryInterface(mSourceUrl));
+  if (sourceURL) {
+    nsAutoCString extension;
+    sourceURL->GetFileExtension(extension);
+    if (!extension.IsEmpty()) {
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIUTF8StringEnumerator> encEnum;
+      encChannel->GetContentEncodings(getter_AddRefs(encEnum));
+      if (encEnum) {
+        bool hasMore;
+        nsresult rv = encEnum->HasMore(&hasMore);
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && hasMore) {
+          nsAutoCString encType;
+          rv = encEnum->GetNext(encType);
+          if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && !encType.IsEmpty()) {
+            MOZ_ASSERT(mExtProtSvc);
+            mExtProtSvc->ApplyDecodingForExtension(extension, encType,
+                                                   &applyConversion);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  encChannel->SetApplyConversion(applyConversion);
+}
+
+already_AddRefed<nsIInterfaceRequestor>
+nsExternalAppHandler::GetDialogParent() {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIInterfaceRequestor> dialogParent = mWindowContext;
+
+  if (!dialogParent && mBrowsingContext) {
+    dialogParent = do_QueryInterface(mBrowsingContext->GetDOMWindow());
+  }
+  if (!dialogParent && mBrowsingContext && XRE_IsParentProcess()) {
+    RefPtr<Element> element = mBrowsingContext->Top()->GetEmbedderElement();
+    if (element) {
+      dialogParent = do_QueryInterface(element->OwnerDoc()->GetWindow());
+    }
+  }
+  return dialogParent.forget();
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::OnStartRequest(nsIRequest* request) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(request, "OnStartRequest without request?");
+
+  // Set mTimeDownloadStarted here as the download has already started and
+  // we want to record the start time before showing the filepicker.
+  mTimeDownloadStarted = PR_Now();
+
+  mRequest = request;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIChannel> aChannel = do_QueryInterface(request);
+
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsAutoCString MIMEType;
+  if (mMimeInfo) {
+    mMimeInfo->GetMIMEType(MIMEType);
+  }
+  // Now get the URI
+  if (aChannel) {
+    aChannel->GetURI(getter_AddRefs(mSourceUrl));
+    // HTTPS-Only/HTTPS-FirstMode tries to upgrade connections to https. Once
+    // the download is in progress we set that flag so that timeout counter
+    // measures do not kick in.
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILoadInfo> loadInfo = aChannel->LoadInfo();
+    bool isPrivateWin = loadInfo->GetOriginAttributes().mPrivateBrowsingId > 0;
+    if (nsHTTPSOnlyUtils::IsHttpsOnlyModeEnabled(isPrivateWin) ||
+        nsHTTPSOnlyUtils::IsHttpsFirstModeEnabled(isPrivateWin)) {
+      uint32_t httpsOnlyStatus = loadInfo->GetHttpsOnlyStatus();
+      httpsOnlyStatus |= nsILoadInfo::HTTPS_ONLY_DOWNLOAD_IN_PROGRESS;
+      loadInfo->SetHttpsOnlyStatus(httpsOnlyStatus);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!mForceSave && StaticPrefs::browser_download_enable_spam_prevention() &&
+      IsDownloadSpam(aChannel)) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  mDownloadClassification =
+      nsContentSecurityUtils::ClassifyDownload(aChannel, MIMEType);
+
+  if (mDownloadClassification == nsITransfer::DOWNLOAD_FORBIDDEN) {
+    // If the download is rated as forbidden,
+    // cancel the request so no ui knows about this.
+    mCanceled = true;
+    request->Cancel(NS_ERROR_ABORT);
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFileChannel> fileChan(do_QueryInterface(request));
+  mIsFileChannel = fileChan != nullptr;
+  if (!mIsFileChannel) {
+    // It's possible that this request came from the child process and the
+    // file channel actually lives there. If this returns true, then our
+    // mSourceUrl will be an nsIFileURL anyway.
+    nsCOMPtr<dom::nsIExternalHelperAppParent> parent(
+        do_QueryInterface(request));
+    mIsFileChannel = parent && parent->WasFileChannel();
+  }
+
+  // Get content length
+  if (aChannel) {
+    aChannel->GetContentLength(&mContentLength);
+  }
+
+  if (mBrowsingContext) {
+    mMaybeCloseWindowHelper = new MaybeCloseWindowHelper(mBrowsingContext);
+    mMaybeCloseWindowHelper->SetShouldCloseWindow(mShouldCloseWindow);
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIPropertyBag2> props(do_QueryInterface(request, &rv));
+    // Determine whether a new window was opened specifically for this request
+    if (props) {
+      bool tmp = false;
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(
+              props->GetPropertyAsBool(u"docshell.newWindowTarget"_ns, &tmp))) {
+        mMaybeCloseWindowHelper->SetShouldCloseWindow(tmp);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // retarget all load notifications to our docloader instead of the original
+  // window's docloader...
+  RetargetLoadNotifications(request);
+
+  // Close the underlying DOMWindow if it was opened specifically for the
+  // download. We don't run this in the content process, since we have
+  // an instance running in the parent as well, which will handle this
+  // if needed.
+  if (!XRE_IsContentProcess() && mMaybeCloseWindowHelper) {
+    mBrowsingContext = mMaybeCloseWindowHelper->MaybeCloseWindow();
+  }
+
+  // In an IPC setting, we're allowing the child process, here, to make
+  // decisions about decoding the channel (e.g. decompression).  It will
+  // still forward the decoded (uncompressed) data back to the parent.
+  // Con: Uncompressed data means more IPC overhead.
+  // Pros: ExternalHelperAppParent doesn't need to implement nsIEncodedChannel.
+  //       Parent process doesn't need to expect CPU time on decompression.
+  MaybeApplyDecodingForExtension(aChannel);
+
+  // At this point, the child process has done everything it can usefully do
+  // for OnStartRequest.
+  if (XRE_IsContentProcess()) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  rv = SetUpTempFile(aChannel);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    nsresult transferError = rv;
+
+    rv = CreateFailedTransfer();
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+      LOG("Failed to create transfer to report failure."
+          "Will fallback to prompter!");
+    }
+
+    mCanceled = true;
+    request->Cancel(transferError);
+
+    nsAutoString path;
+    if (mTempFile) mTempFile->GetPath(path);
+
+    SendStatusChange(kWriteError, transferError, request, path);
+
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // Inform channel it is open on behalf of a download to throttle it during
+  // page loads and prevent its caching.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHttpChannelInternal> httpInternal = do_QueryInterface(aChannel);
+  if (httpInternal) {
+    rv = httpInternal->SetChannelIsForDownload(true);
+    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_SUCCEEDED(rv));
+  }
+
+  if (mSourceUrl->SchemeIs("data")) {
+    // In case we're downloading a data:// uri
+    // we don't want to apply AllowTopLevelNavigationToDataURI.
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILoadInfo> loadInfo = aChannel->LoadInfo();
+    loadInfo->SetForceAllowDataURI(true);
+  }
+
+  // now that the temp file is set up, find out if we need to invoke a dialog
+  // asking the user what they want us to do with this content...
+
+  // We can get here for three reasons: "can't handle", "sniffed type", or
+  // "server sent content-disposition:attachment".  In the first case we want
+  // to honor the user's "always ask" pref; in the other two cases we want to
+  // honor it only if the default action is "save".  Opening attachments in
+  // helper apps by default breaks some websites (especially if the attachment
+  // is one part of a multipart document).  Opening sniffed content in helper
+  // apps by default introduces security holes that we'd rather not have.
+
+  // So let's find out whether the user wants to be prompted.  If he does not,
+  // check mReason and the preferred action to see what we should do.
+
+  bool alwaysAsk = true;
+  mMimeInfo->GetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(&alwaysAsk);
+  if (alwaysAsk) {
+    // But we *don't* ask if this mimeInfo didn't come from
+    // our user configuration datastore and the user has said
+    // at some point in the distant past that they don't
+    // want to be asked.  The latter fact would have been
+    // stored in pref strings back in the old days.
+
+    bool mimeTypeIsInDatastore = false;
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+        do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+    if (handlerSvc) {
+      handlerSvc->Exists(mMimeInfo, &mimeTypeIsInDatastore);
+    }
+    if (!handlerSvc || !mimeTypeIsInDatastore) {
+      if (!GetNeverAskFlagFromPref(NEVER_ASK_FOR_SAVE_TO_DISK_PREF,
+                                   MIMEType.get())) {
+        // Don't need to ask after all.
+        alwaysAsk = false;
+        // Make sure action matches pref (save to disk).
+        mMimeInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+      } else if (!GetNeverAskFlagFromPref(NEVER_ASK_FOR_OPEN_FILE_PREF,
+                                          MIMEType.get())) {
+        // Don't need to ask after all.
+        alwaysAsk = false;
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (MIMEType.EqualsLiteral("text/plain")) {
+    nsAutoCString ext;
+    mMimeInfo->GetPrimaryExtension(ext);
+    // If people are sending us ApplicationReputation-eligible files with
+    // text/plain mimetypes, enforce asking the user what to do.
+    if (!ext.IsEmpty()) {
+      nsAutoCString dummyFileName("f");
+      if (ext.First() != '.') {
+        dummyFileName.Append(".");
+      }
+      ext.ReplaceChar(KNOWN_PATH_SEPARATORS FILE_ILLEGAL_CHARACTERS, '_');
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIApplicationReputationService> appRep =
+          components::ApplicationReputation::Service();
+      appRep->IsBinary(dummyFileName + ext, &alwaysAsk);
+    }
+  }
+
+  int32_t action = nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk;
+  mMimeInfo->GetPreferredAction(&action);
+
+  bool forcePrompt = mReason == nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog::REASON_TYPESNIFFED;
+
+  // OK, now check why we're here
+  if (!alwaysAsk && forcePrompt) {
+    // Force asking if we're not saving.  See comment back when we fetched the
+    // alwaysAsk boolean for details.
+    alwaysAsk = (action != nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+  }
+
+  bool shouldAutomaticallyHandleInternally =
+      action == nsIMIMEInfo::handleInternally;
+
+  if (aChannel) {
+    uint32_t disposition = -1;
+    aChannel->GetContentDisposition(&disposition);
+    mForceSaveInternallyHandled =
+        shouldAutomaticallyHandleInternally &&
+        disposition == nsIChannel::DISPOSITION_ATTACHMENT &&
+        mozilla::StaticPrefs::
+            browser_download_force_save_internally_handled_attachments();
+  }
+
+  // If we're not asking, check we actually know what to do:
+  if (!alwaysAsk) {
+    alwaysAsk = action != nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk &&
+                action != nsIMIMEInfo::useHelperApp &&
+                action != nsIMIMEInfo::useSystemDefault &&
+                !shouldAutomaticallyHandleInternally;
+  }
+
+  // If we're handling with the OS default and we are that default, force
+  // asking, so we don't end up in an infinite loop:
+  if (!alwaysAsk && action == nsIMIMEInfo::useSystemDefault) {
+    bool areOSDefault = false;
+    alwaysAsk = NS_SUCCEEDED(mMimeInfo->IsCurrentAppOSDefault(&areOSDefault)) &&
+                areOSDefault;
+  } else if (!alwaysAsk && action == nsIMIMEInfo::useHelperApp) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> preferredApp;
+    mMimeInfo->GetPreferredApplicationHandler(getter_AddRefs(preferredApp));
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp> handlerApp = do_QueryInterface(preferredApp);
+    if (handlerApp) {
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> executable;
+      handlerApp->GetExecutable(getter_AddRefs(executable));
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> ourselves;
+      if (executable &&
+          // Despite the name, this really just fetches an nsIFile...
+          NS_SUCCEEDED(NS_GetSpecialDirectory(XRE_EXECUTABLE_FILE,
+                                              getter_AddRefs(ourselves)))) {
+        ourselves = nsMIMEInfoBase::GetCanonicalExecutable(ourselves);
+        executable = nsMIMEInfoBase::GetCanonicalExecutable(executable);
+        bool isSameApp = false;
+        alwaysAsk =
+            NS_FAILED(executable->Equals(ourselves, &isSameApp)) || isSameApp;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // if we were told that we _must_ save to disk without asking, all the stuff
+  // before this is irrelevant; override it
+  if (mForceSave || mForceSaveInternallyHandled) {
+    alwaysAsk = false;
+    action = nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk;
+    shouldAutomaticallyHandleInternally = false;
+  }
+  // Additionally, if we are asked by the OS to open a local file,
+  // automatically downloading it to create a second copy of that file doesn't
+  // really make sense. We should ask the user what they want to do.
+  if (mSourceUrl->SchemeIs("file") && !alwaysAsk &&
+      action == nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk) {
+    alwaysAsk = true;
+  }
+
+  // If adding new checks, make sure this is the last check before telemetry
+  // and going ahead with opening the file!
+#ifdef XP_WIN
+  /* We need to see whether the file we've got here could be
+   * executable.  If it could, we had better not try to open it!
+   * We can skip this check, though, if we have a setting to open in a
+   * helper app.
+   */
+  if (!alwaysAsk && action != nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk &&
+      !shouldAutomaticallyHandleInternally) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> prefApp;
+    mMimeInfo->GetPreferredApplicationHandler(getter_AddRefs(prefApp));
+    if (action != nsIMIMEInfo::useHelperApp || !prefApp) {
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> fileToTest;
+      GetTargetFile(getter_AddRefs(fileToTest));
+      if (fileToTest) {
+        bool isExecutable;
+        rv = fileToTest->IsExecutable(&isExecutable);
+        if (NS_FAILED(rv) || mTempFileIsExecutable ||
+            isExecutable) {  // checking NS_FAILED, because paranoia is good
+          alwaysAsk = true;
+        }
+      } else {  // Paranoia is good here too, though this really should not
+                // happen
+        NS_WARNING(
+            "GetDownloadInfo returned a null file after the temp file has been "
+            "set up! ");
+        alwaysAsk = true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (alwaysAsk) {
+    // Display the dialog
+    mDialog = do_CreateInstance(NS_HELPERAPPLAUNCHERDLG_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    // this will create a reference cycle (the dialog holds a reference to us as
+    // nsIHelperAppLauncher), which will be broken in Cancel or CreateTransfer.
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIInterfaceRequestor> dialogParent = GetDialogParent();
+    // Don't pop up the downloads panel since we're already going to pop up the
+    // UCT dialog for basically the same effect.
+    mDialogShowing = true;
+    rv = mDialog->Show(this, dialogParent, mReason);
+
+    // what do we do if the dialog failed? I guess we should call Cancel and
+    // abort the load....
+  } else {
+    // We need to do the save/open immediately, then.
+    if (action == nsIMIMEInfo::useHelperApp ||
+        action == nsIMIMEInfo::useSystemDefault ||
+        shouldAutomaticallyHandleInternally) {
+      // Check if the file is local, in which case just launch it from where it
+      // is. Otherwise, set the file to launch once it's finished downloading.
+      rv = mIsFileChannel ? LaunchLocalFile()
+                          : SetDownloadToLaunch(
+                                shouldAutomaticallyHandleInternally, nullptr);
+    } else {
+      rv = PromptForSaveDestination();
+    }
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+bool nsExternalAppHandler::IsDownloadSpam(nsIChannel* aChannel) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILoadInfo> loadInfo = aChannel->LoadInfo();
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIPermissionManager> permissionManager =
+      mozilla::services::GetPermissionManager();
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIPrincipal> principal = loadInfo->TriggeringPrincipal();
+  bool exactHostMatch = false;
+  constexpr auto type = "automatic-download"_ns;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIPermission> permission;
+
+  permissionManager->GetPermissionObject(principal, type, exactHostMatch,
+                                         getter_AddRefs(permission));
+
+  if (permission) {
+    uint32_t capability;
+    permission->GetCapability(&capability);
+    if (capability == nsIPermissionManager::DENY_ACTION) {
+      mCanceled = true;
+      aChannel->Cancel(NS_ERROR_ABORT);
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (capability == nsIPermissionManager::ALLOW_ACTION) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // If no action is set (i.e: null), we set PROMPT_ACTION by default,
+    // which will notify the Downloads UI to open the panel on the next request.
+    if (capability == nsIPermissionManager::PROMPT_ACTION) {
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIObserverService> observerService =
+          mozilla::services::GetObserverService();
+      RefPtr<BrowsingContext> browsingContext;
+      loadInfo->GetBrowsingContext(getter_AddRefs(browsingContext));
+
+      nsAutoCString cStringURI;
+      loadInfo->TriggeringPrincipal()->GetPrePath(cStringURI);
+      observerService->NotifyObservers(
+          browsingContext, "blocked-automatic-download",
+          NS_ConvertASCIItoUTF16(cStringURI.get()).get());
+      // FIXME: In order to escape memory leaks, currently we cancel blocked
+      // downloads. This is temporary solution, because download data should be
+      // kept in order to restart the blocked download.
+      mCanceled = true;
+      aChannel->Cancel(NS_ERROR_ABORT);
+      // End cancel
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  if (!loadInfo->GetHasValidUserGestureActivation()) {
+    permissionManager->AddFromPrincipal(
+        principal, type, nsIPermissionManager::PROMPT_ACTION,
+        nsIPermissionManager::EXPIRE_NEVER, 0 /* expire time */);
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Convert error info into proper message text and send OnStatusChange
+// notification to the dialog progress listener or nsITransfer implementation.
+void nsExternalAppHandler::SendStatusChange(ErrorType type, nsresult rv,
+                                            nsIRequest* aRequest,
+                                            const nsString& path) {
+  const char* msgId = nullptr;
+  switch (rv) {
+    case NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY:
+      // No memory
+      msgId = "noMemory";
+      break;
+
+    case NS_ERROR_FILE_NO_DEVICE_SPACE:
+      // Out of space on target volume.
+      msgId = "diskFull";
+      break;
+
+    case NS_ERROR_FILE_READ_ONLY:
+      // Attempt to write to read/only file.
+      msgId = "readOnly";
+      break;
+
+    case NS_ERROR_FILE_ACCESS_DENIED:
+      if (type == kWriteError) {
+        // Attempt to write without sufficient permissions.
+#if defined(ANDROID)
+        // On Android this means the SD card is present but
+        // unavailable (read-only).
+        msgId = "SDAccessErrorCardReadOnly";
+#else
+        msgId = "accessError";
+#endif
+      } else {
+        msgId = "launchError";
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
+    case NS_ERROR_FILE_UNRECOGNIZED_PATH:
+      // Helper app not found, let's verify this happened on launch
+      if (type == kLaunchError) {
+        msgId = "helperAppNotFound";
+        break;
+      }
+#if defined(ANDROID)
+      else if (type == kWriteError) {
+        // On Android this means the SD card is missing (not in
+        // SD slot).
+        msgId = "SDAccessErrorCardMissing";
+        break;
+      }
+#endif
+      [[fallthrough]];
+
+    default:
+      // Generic read/write/launch error message.
+      switch (type) {
+        case kReadError:
+          msgId = "readError";
+          break;
+        case kWriteError:
+          msgId = "writeError";
+          break;
+        case kLaunchError:
+          msgId = "launchError";
+          break;
+      }
+      break;
+  }
+
+  MOZ_LOG(
+      nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, LogLevel::Error,
+      ("Error: %s, type=%i, listener=0x%p, transfer=0x%p, rv=0x%08" PRIX32 "\n",
+       msgId, type, mDialogProgressListener.get(), mTransfer.get(),
+       static_cast<uint32_t>(rv)));
+
+  MOZ_LOG(nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, LogLevel::Error,
+          ("       path='%s'\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(path).get()));
+
+  // Get properties file bundle and extract status string.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIStringBundleService> stringService =
+      mozilla::components::StringBundle::Service();
+  if (stringService) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIStringBundle> bundle;
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(stringService->CreateBundle(
+            "chrome://global/locale/nsWebBrowserPersist.properties",
+            getter_AddRefs(bundle)))) {
+      nsAutoString msgText;
+      AutoTArray<nsString, 1> strings = {path};
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(bundle->FormatStringFromName(msgId, strings, msgText))) {
+        if (mDialogProgressListener) {
+          // We have a listener, let it handle the error.
+          mDialogProgressListener->OnStatusChange(
+              nullptr, (type == kReadError) ? aRequest : nullptr, rv,
+              msgText.get());
+        } else if (mTransfer) {
+          mTransfer->OnStatusChange(nullptr,
+                                    (type == kReadError) ? aRequest : nullptr,
+                                    rv, msgText.get());
+        } else if (XRE_IsParentProcess()) {
+          // We don't have a listener.  Simply show the alert ourselves.
+          nsCOMPtr<nsIInterfaceRequestor> dialogParent = GetDialogParent();
+          nsresult qiRv;
+          nsCOMPtr<nsIPrompt> prompter(do_GetInterface(dialogParent, &qiRv));
+          nsAutoString title;
+          bundle->FormatStringFromName("title", strings, title);
+
+          MOZ_LOG(
+              nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, LogLevel::Debug,
+              ("mBrowsingContext=0x%p, prompter=0x%p, qi rv=0x%08" PRIX32
+               ", title='%s', msg='%s'",
+               mBrowsingContext.get(), prompter.get(),
+               static_cast<uint32_t>(qiRv), NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(title).get(),
+               NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(msgText).get()));
+
+          // If we didn't have a prompter we will try and get a window
+          // instead, get it's docshell and use it to alert the user.
+          if (!prompter) {
+            nsCOMPtr<nsPIDOMWindowOuter> window(do_GetInterface(dialogParent));
+            if (!window || !window->GetDocShell()) {
+              return;
+            }
+
+            prompter = do_GetInterface(window->GetDocShell(), &qiRv);
+
+            MOZ_LOG(nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, LogLevel::Debug,
+                    ("No prompter from mBrowsingContext, using DocShell, "
+                     "window=0x%p, docShell=0x%p, "
+                     "prompter=0x%p, qi rv=0x%08" PRIX32,
+                     window.get(), window->GetDocShell(), prompter.get(),
+                     static_cast<uint32_t>(qiRv)));
+
+            // If we still don't have a prompter, there's nothing else we
+            // can do so just return.
+            if (!prompter) {
+              MOZ_LOG(nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, LogLevel::Error,
+                      ("No prompter from DocShell, no way to alert user"));
+              return;
+            }
+          }
+
+          // We should always have a prompter at this point.
+          prompter->Alert(title.get(), msgText.get());
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalAppHandler::OnDataAvailable(nsIRequest* request,
+                                      nsIInputStream* inStr,
+                                      uint64_t sourceOffset, uint32_t count) {
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+  // first, check to see if we've been canceled....
+  if (mCanceled || !mSaver) {
+    // then go cancel our underlying channel too
+    return request->Cancel(NS_BINDING_ABORTED);
+  }
+
+  // read the data out of the stream and write it to the temp file.
+  if (count > 0) {
+    mProgress += count;
+
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIStreamListener> saver = do_QueryInterface(mSaver);
+    rv = saver->OnDataAvailable(request, inStr, sourceOffset, count);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      // Send progress notification.
+      if (mTransfer) {
+        mTransfer->OnProgressChange64(nullptr, request, mProgress,
+                                      mContentLength, mProgress,
+                                      mContentLength);
+      }
+    } else {
+      // An error occurred, notify listener.
+      nsAutoString tempFilePath;
+      if (mTempFile) {
+        mTempFile->GetPath(tempFilePath);
+      }
+      SendStatusChange(kReadError, rv, request, tempFilePath);
+
+      // Cancel the download.
+      Cancel(rv);
+    }
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::OnStopRequest(nsIRequest* request,
+                                                  nsresult aStatus) {
+  LOG("nsExternalAppHandler::OnStopRequest\n"
+      "  mCanceled=%d, mTransfer=0x%p, aStatus=0x%08" PRIX32 "\n",
+      mCanceled, mTransfer.get(), static_cast<uint32_t>(aStatus));
+
+  mStopRequestIssued = true;
+
+  // Cancel if the request did not complete successfully.
+  if (!mCanceled && NS_FAILED(aStatus)) {
+    // Send error notification.
+    nsAutoString tempFilePath;
+    if (mTempFile) mTempFile->GetPath(tempFilePath);
+    SendStatusChange(kReadError, aStatus, request, tempFilePath);
+
+    Cancel(aStatus);
+  }
+
+  // first, check to see if we've been canceled....
+  if (mCanceled || !mSaver) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  return mSaver->Finish(NS_OK);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalAppHandler::OnTargetChange(nsIBackgroundFileSaver* aSaver,
+                                     nsIFile* aTarget) {
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalAppHandler::OnSaveComplete(nsIBackgroundFileSaver* aSaver,
+                                     nsresult aStatus) {
+  LOG("nsExternalAppHandler::OnSaveComplete\n"
+      "  aSaver=0x%p, aStatus=0x%08" PRIX32 ", mCanceled=%d, mTransfer=0x%p\n",
+      aSaver, static_cast<uint32_t>(aStatus), mCanceled, mTransfer.get());
+
+  if (!mCanceled) {
+    // Save the hash and signature information
+    (void)mSaver->GetSha256Hash(mHash);
+    (void)mSaver->GetSignatureInfo(mSignatureInfo);
+
+    // Free the reference that the saver keeps on us, even if we couldn't get
+    // the hash.
+    mSaver = nullptr;
+
+    // Save the redirect information.
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIChannel> channel = do_QueryInterface(mRequest);
+    if (channel) {
+      nsCOMPtr<nsILoadInfo> loadInfo = channel->LoadInfo();
+      nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray> redirectChain =
+          do_CreateInstance(NS_ARRAY_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+      NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+      LOG("nsExternalAppHandler: Got %zu redirects\n",
+          loadInfo->RedirectChain().Length());
+      for (nsIRedirectHistoryEntry* entry : loadInfo->RedirectChain()) {
+        redirectChain->AppendElement(entry);
+      }
+      mRedirects = redirectChain;
+    }
+
+    if (NS_FAILED(aStatus)) {
+      nsAutoString path;
+      mTempFile->GetPath(path);
+
+      // It may happen when e10s is enabled that there will be no transfer
+      // object available to communicate status as expected by the system.
+      // Let's try and create a temporary transfer object to take care of this
+      // for us, we'll fall back to using the prompt service if we absolutely
+      // have to.
+      if (!mTransfer) {
+        // We don't care if this fails.
+        CreateFailedTransfer();
+      }
+
+      SendStatusChange(kWriteError, aStatus, nullptr, path);
+      if (!mCanceled) Cancel(aStatus);
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Notify the transfer object that we are done if the user has chosen an
+  // action. If the user hasn't chosen an action, the progress listener
+  // (nsITransfer) will be notified in CreateTransfer.
+  if (mTransfer) {
+    NotifyTransfer(aStatus);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+void nsExternalAppHandler::NotifyTransfer(nsresult aStatus) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread(), "Must notify on main thread");
+  MOZ_ASSERT(mTransfer, "We must have an nsITransfer");
+
+  LOG("Notifying progress listener");
+
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(aStatus)) {
+    (void)mTransfer->SetSha256Hash(mHash);
+    (void)mTransfer->SetSignatureInfo(mSignatureInfo);
+    (void)mTransfer->SetRedirects(mRedirects);
+    (void)mTransfer->OnProgressChange64(
+        nullptr, nullptr, mProgress, mContentLength, mProgress, mContentLength);
+  }
+
+  (void)mTransfer->OnStateChange(nullptr, nullptr,
+                                 nsIWebProgressListener::STATE_STOP |
+                                     nsIWebProgressListener::STATE_IS_REQUEST |
+                                     nsIWebProgressListener::STATE_IS_NETWORK,
+                                 aStatus);
+
+  // This nsITransfer object holds a reference to us (we are its observer), so
+  // we need to release the reference to break a reference cycle (and therefore
+  // to prevent leaking).  We do this even if the previous calls failed.
+  mTransfer = nullptr;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::GetMIMEInfo(nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  *aMIMEInfo = mMimeInfo;
+  NS_ADDREF(*aMIMEInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::GetSource(nsIURI** aSourceURI) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG(aSourceURI);
+  *aSourceURI = mSourceUrl;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aSourceURI);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::GetSuggestedFileName(
+    nsAString& aSuggestedFileName) {
+  aSuggestedFileName = mSuggestedFileName;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalAppHandler::CreateTransfer() {
+  LOG("nsExternalAppHandler::CreateTransfer");
+
+  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread(), "Must create transfer on main thread");
+  // We are back from the helper app dialog (where the user chooses to save or
+  // open), but we aren't done processing the load. in this case, throw up a
+  // progress dialog so the user can see what's going on.
+  // Also, release our reference to mDialog. We don't need it anymore, and we
+  // need to break the reference cycle.
+  mDialog = nullptr;
+  if (!mDialogProgressListener) {
+    NS_WARNING("The dialog should nullify the dialog progress listener");
+  }
+  // In case of a non acceptable download, we need to cancel the request and
+  // pass a FailedTransfer for the Download UI.
+  if (mDownloadClassification != nsITransfer::DOWNLOAD_ACCEPTABLE) {
+    mCanceled = true;
+    mRequest->Cancel(NS_ERROR_ABORT);
+    if (mSaver) {
+      mSaver->Finish(NS_ERROR_ABORT);
+      mSaver = nullptr;
+    }
+    return CreateFailedTransfer();
+  }
+  nsresult rv;
+
+  // We must be able to create an nsITransfer object. If not, it doesn't matter
+  // much that we can't launch the helper application or save to disk. Work on
+  // a local copy rather than mTransfer until we know we succeeded, to make it
+  // clearer that this function is re-entrant.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsITransfer> transfer =
+      do_CreateInstance(NS_TRANSFER_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // Initialize the download
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> target;
+  rv = NS_NewFileURI(getter_AddRefs(target), mFinalFileDestination);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIChannel> channel = do_QueryInterface(mRequest);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHttpChannel> httpChannel = do_QueryInterface(mRequest);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIReferrerInfo> referrerInfo = nullptr;
+  if (httpChannel) {
+    referrerInfo = httpChannel->GetReferrerInfo();
+  }
+
+  if (mBrowsingContext) {
+    rv = transfer->InitWithBrowsingContext(
+        mSourceUrl, target, u""_ns, mMimeInfo, mTimeDownloadStarted, mTempFile,
+        this, channel && NS_UsePrivateBrowsing(channel),
+        mDownloadClassification, referrerInfo, !mDialogShowing,
+        mBrowsingContext, mHandleInternally, nullptr);
+  } else {
+    rv = transfer->Init(mSourceUrl, nullptr, target, u""_ns, mMimeInfo,
+                        mTimeDownloadStarted, mTempFile, this,
+                        channel && NS_UsePrivateBrowsing(channel),
+                        mDownloadClassification, referrerInfo, !mDialogShowing);
+  }
+  mDialogShowing = false;
+
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // If we were cancelled since creating the transfer, just return. It is
+  // always ok to return NS_OK if we are cancelled. Callers of this function
+  // must call Cancel if CreateTransfer fails, but there's no need to cancel
+  // twice.
+  if (mCanceled) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+  rv = transfer->OnStateChange(nullptr, mRequest,
+                               nsIWebProgressListener::STATE_START |
+                                   nsIWebProgressListener::STATE_IS_REQUEST |
+                                   nsIWebProgressListener::STATE_IS_NETWORK,
+                               NS_OK);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  if (mCanceled) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  mRequest = nullptr;
+  // Finally, save the transfer to mTransfer.
+  mTransfer = transfer;
+  transfer = nullptr;
+
+  // While we were bringing up the progress dialog, we actually finished
+  // processing the url. If that's the case then mStopRequestIssued will be
+  // true and OnSaveComplete has been called.
+  if (mStopRequestIssued && !mSaver && mTransfer) {
+    NotifyTransfer(NS_OK);
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalAppHandler::CreateFailedTransfer() {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsITransfer> transfer =
+      do_CreateInstance(NS_TRANSFER_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // We won't pass the temp file to the transfer, so if we have one it needs to
+  // get deleted now.
+  if (mTempFile) {
+    if (mSaver) {
+      mSaver->Finish(NS_BINDING_ABORTED);
+      mSaver = nullptr;
+    }
+    mTempFile->Remove(false);
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> pseudoTarget;
+  if (!mFinalFileDestination) {
+    // If we don't have a download directory we're kinda screwed but it's OK
+    // we'll still report the error via the prompter.
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> pseudoFile;
+    rv = GetDownloadDirectory(getter_AddRefs(pseudoFile), true);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    // Append the default suggested filename. If the user restarts the transfer
+    // we will re-trigger a filename check anyway to ensure that it is unique.
+    rv = pseudoFile->Append(mSuggestedFileName);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    rv = NS_NewFileURI(getter_AddRefs(pseudoTarget), pseudoFile);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  } else {
+    // Initialize the target, if present
+    rv = NS_NewFileURI(getter_AddRefs(pseudoTarget), mFinalFileDestination);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIChannel> channel = do_QueryInterface(mRequest);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHttpChannel> httpChannel = do_QueryInterface(mRequest);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIReferrerInfo> referrerInfo = nullptr;
+  if (httpChannel) {
+    referrerInfo = httpChannel->GetReferrerInfo();
+  }
+
+  if (mBrowsingContext) {
+    rv = transfer->InitWithBrowsingContext(
+        mSourceUrl, pseudoTarget, u""_ns, mMimeInfo, mTimeDownloadStarted,
+        mTempFile, this, channel && NS_UsePrivateBrowsing(channel),
+        mDownloadClassification, referrerInfo, true, mBrowsingContext,
+        mHandleInternally, httpChannel);
+  } else {
+    rv = transfer->Init(mSourceUrl, nullptr, pseudoTarget, u""_ns, mMimeInfo,
+                        mTimeDownloadStarted, mTempFile, this,
+                        channel && NS_UsePrivateBrowsing(channel),
+                        mDownloadClassification, referrerInfo, true);
+  }
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  // Our failed transfer is ready.
+  mTransfer = std::move(transfer);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalAppHandler::SaveDestinationAvailable(nsIFile* aFile,
+                                                        bool aDialogWasShown) {
+  if (aFile) {
+    if (aDialogWasShown) {
+      mDialogShowing = true;
+    }
+    ContinueSave(aFile);
+  } else {
+    Cancel(NS_BINDING_ABORTED);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+void nsExternalAppHandler::RequestSaveDestination(
+    const nsString& aDefaultFile, const nsString& aFileExtension) {
+  // Display the dialog
+  // XXX Convert to use file picker? No, then embeddors could not do any sort of
+  // "AutoDownload" w/o showing a prompt
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+  if (!mDialog) {
+    // Get helper app launcher dialog.
+    mDialog = do_CreateInstance(NS_HELPERAPPLAUNCHERDLG_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+    if (rv != NS_OK) {
+      Cancel(NS_BINDING_ABORTED);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // we want to explicitly unescape aDefaultFile b4 passing into the dialog. we
+  // can't unescape it because the dialog is implemented by a JS component which
+  // doesn't have a window so no unescape routine is defined...
+
+  // Now, be sure to keep |this| alive, and the dialog
+  // If we don't do this, users that close the helper app dialog while the file
+  // picker is up would cause Cancel() to be called, and the dialog would be
+  // released, which would release this object too, which would crash.
+  // See Bug 249143
+  RefPtr<nsExternalAppHandler> kungFuDeathGrip(this);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog> dlg(mDialog);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIInterfaceRequestor> dialogParent = GetDialogParent();
+
+  rv = dlg->PromptForSaveToFileAsync(this, dialogParent, aDefaultFile.get(),
+                                     aFileExtension.get(), mForceSave);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    Cancel(NS_BINDING_ABORTED);
+  }
+}
+
+// PromptForSaveDestination should only be called by the helper app dialog which
+// allows the user to say launch with application or save to disk.
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::PromptForSaveDestination() {
+  if (mCanceled) return NS_OK;
+
+  if (mForceSave || mForceSaveInternallyHandled) {
+    mMimeInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+  }
+
+  if (mSuggestedFileName.IsEmpty()) {
+    RequestSaveDestination(mTempLeafName, mFileExtension);
+  } else {
+    nsAutoString fileExt;
+    int32_t pos = mSuggestedFileName.RFindChar('.');
+    if (pos >= 0) {
+      mSuggestedFileName.Right(fileExt, mSuggestedFileName.Length() - pos);
+    }
+    if (fileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+      fileExt = mFileExtension;
+    }
+
+    RequestSaveDestination(mSuggestedFileName, fileExt);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+nsresult nsExternalAppHandler::ContinueSave(nsIFile* aNewFileLocation) {
+  if (mCanceled) return NS_OK;
+
+  MOZ_ASSERT(aNewFileLocation, "Must be called with a non-null file");
+
+  int32_t action = nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk;
+  mMimeInfo->GetPreferredAction(&action);
+  mHandleInternally = action == nsIMIMEInfo::handleInternally;
+
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> fileToUse = aNewFileLocation;
+  mFinalFileDestination = fileToUse;
+
+  // Move what we have in the final directory, but append .part
+  // to it, to indicate that it's unfinished.  Do not call SetTarget on the
+  // saver if we are done (Finish has been called) but OnSaverComplete has
+  // not been called.
+  if (mFinalFileDestination && mSaver && !mStopRequestIssued) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> movedFile;
+    mFinalFileDestination->Clone(getter_AddRefs(movedFile));
+    if (movedFile) {
+      nsAutoCString randomChars;
+      rv = GenerateRandomName(randomChars);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+        // Get the leaf name, strip any extensions, then
+        // add random bytes, followed by the extensions and '.part'.
+        nsAutoString leafName;
+        mFinalFileDestination->GetLeafName(leafName);
+        auto nameWithoutExtensionLength = leafName.FindChar('.');
+        nsAutoString extensions(u"");
+        if (nameWithoutExtensionLength == kNotFound) {
+          nameWithoutExtensionLength = leafName.Length();
+        } else {
+          extensions = Substring(leafName, nameWithoutExtensionLength);
+        }
+        leafName.Truncate(nameWithoutExtensionLength);
+
+        nsAutoString suffix = u"."_ns + NS_ConvertASCIItoUTF16(randomChars) +
+                              extensions + u".part"_ns;
+#ifdef XP_WIN
+        // Deal with MAX_PATH on Windows. Worth noting that the original
+        // path for mFinalFileDestination must be valid for us to get
+        // here: either SetDownloadToLaunch or the caller of
+        // SaveDestinationAvailable has called CreateUnique or similar
+        // to ensure both a unique name and one that isn't too long.
+        // The only issue is we're making it longer to get the part
+        // file path...
+        nsAutoString path;
+        mFinalFileDestination->GetPath(path);
+        CheckedInt<uint16_t> fullPathLength =
+            CheckedInt<uint16_t>(path.Length()) + 1 + randomChars.Length() +
+            ArrayLength(".part");
+        if (!fullPathLength.isValid()) {
+          leafName.Truncate();
+        } else if (fullPathLength.value() > MAX_PATH) {
+          int32_t leafNameRemaining =
+              (int32_t)leafName.Length() - (fullPathLength.value() - MAX_PATH);
+          leafName.Truncate(std::max(leafNameRemaining, 0));
+        }
+#endif
+        leafName.Append(suffix);
+        movedFile->SetLeafName(leafName);
+
+        rv = mSaver->SetTarget(movedFile, true);
+        if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+          nsAutoString path;
+          mTempFile->GetPath(path);
+          SendStatusChange(kWriteError, rv, nullptr, path);
+          Cancel(rv);
+          return NS_OK;
+        }
+
+        mTempFile = movedFile;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // The helper app dialog has told us what to do and we have a final file
+  // destination.
+  rv = CreateTransfer();
+  // If we fail to create the transfer, Cancel.
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    Cancel(rv);
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+// SetDownloadToLaunch should only be called by the helper app dialog which
+// allows the user to say launch with application or save to disk.
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::SetDownloadToLaunch(
+    bool aHandleInternally, nsIFile* aNewFileLocation) {
+  if (mCanceled) return NS_OK;
+
+  mHandleInternally = aHandleInternally;
+
+  // Now that the user has elected to launch the downloaded file with a helper
+  // app, we're justified in removing the 'salted' name.  We'll rename to what
+  // was specified in mSuggestedFileName after the download is done prior to
+  // launching the helper app.  So that any existing file of that name won't be
+  // overwritten we call CreateUnique().  Also note that we use the same
+  // directory as originally downloaded so the download can be renamed in place
+  // later.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> fileToUse;
+  if (aNewFileLocation) {
+    fileToUse = aNewFileLocation;
+  } else {
+    (void)GetDownloadDirectory(getter_AddRefs(fileToUse));
+
+    if (mSuggestedFileName.IsEmpty()) {
+      // Keep using the leafname of the temp file, since we're just starting a
+      // helper
+      mSuggestedFileName = mTempLeafName;
+    }
+
+#ifdef XP_WIN
+    // Ensure we don't double-append the file extension if it matches:
+    if (StringEndsWith(mSuggestedFileName, mFileExtension,
+                       nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator)) {
+      fileToUse->Append(mSuggestedFileName);
+    } else {
+      fileToUse->Append(mSuggestedFileName + mFileExtension);
+    }
+#else
+    fileToUse->Append(mSuggestedFileName);
+#endif
+  }
+
+  nsresult rv = fileToUse->CreateUnique(nsIFile::NORMAL_FILE_TYPE, 0600);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    mFinalFileDestination = fileToUse;
+    // launch the progress window now that the user has picked the desired
+    // action.
+    rv = CreateTransfer();
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+      Cancel(rv);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Cancel the download and report an error.  We do not want to end up in
+    // a state where it appears that we have a normal download that is
+    // pointing to a file that we did not actually create.
+    nsAutoString path;
+    mTempFile->GetPath(path);
+    SendStatusChange(kWriteError, rv, nullptr, path);
+    Cancel(rv);
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalAppHandler::LaunchLocalFile() {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFileURL> fileUrl(do_QueryInterface(mSourceUrl));
+  if (!fileUrl) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+  Cancel(NS_BINDING_ABORTED);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> file;
+  nsresult rv = fileUrl->GetFile(getter_AddRefs(file));
+
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    rv = mMimeInfo->LaunchWithFile(file);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) return NS_OK;
+  }
+  nsAutoString path;
+  if (file) file->GetPath(path);
+  // If we get here, an error happened
+  SendStatusChange(kLaunchError, rv, nullptr, path);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalAppHandler::Cancel(nsresult aReason) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG(NS_FAILED(aReason));
+
+  if (mCanceled) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+  mCanceled = true;
+
+  if (mSaver) {
+    // We are still writing to the target file.  Give the saver a chance to
+    // close the target file, then notify the transfer object if necessary in
+    // the OnSaveComplete callback.
+    mSaver->Finish(aReason);
+    mSaver = nullptr;
+  } else {
+    if (mStopRequestIssued && mTempFile) {
+      // This branch can only happen when the user cancels the helper app dialog
+      // when the request has completed. The temp file has to be removed here,
+      // because mSaver has been released at that time with the temp file left.
+      (void)mTempFile->Remove(false);
+    }
+
+    // Notify the transfer object that the download has been canceled, if the
+    // user has already chosen an action and we didn't notify already.
+    if (mTransfer) {
+      NotifyTransfer(aReason);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Break our reference cycle with the helper app dialog (set up in
+  // OnStartRequest)
+  mDialog = nullptr;
+  mDialogShowing = false;
+
+  mRequest = nullptr;
+
+  // Release the listener, to break the reference cycle with it (we are the
+  // observer of the listener).
+  mDialogProgressListener = nullptr;
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+bool nsExternalAppHandler::GetNeverAskFlagFromPref(const char* prefName,
+                                                   const char* aContentType) {
+  // Search the obsolete pref strings.
+  nsAutoCString prefCString;
+  Preferences::GetCString(prefName, prefCString);
+  if (prefCString.IsEmpty()) {
+    // Default is true, if not found in the pref string.
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  NS_UnescapeURL(prefCString);
+  nsACString::const_iterator start, end;
+  prefCString.BeginReading(start);
+  prefCString.EndReading(end);
+  return !CaseInsensitiveFindInReadable(nsDependentCString(aContentType), start,
+                                        end);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalAppHandler::GetName(nsACString& aName) {
+  aName.AssignLiteral("nsExternalAppHandler");
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// The following section contains our nsIMIMEService implementation and related
+// methods.
+//
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// nsIMIMEService methods
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::GetFromTypeAndExtension(
+    const nsACString& aMIMEType, const nsACString& aFileExt,
+    nsIMIMEInfo** _retval) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(!aMIMEType.IsEmpty() || !aFileExt.IsEmpty(),
+             "Give me something to work with");
+  MOZ_DIAGNOSTIC_ASSERT(aFileExt.FindChar('\0') == kNotFound,
+                        "The extension should never contain null characters");
+  LOG("Getting mimeinfo from type '%s' ext '%s'\n",
+      PromiseFlatCString(aMIMEType).get(), PromiseFlatCString(aFileExt).get());
+
+  *_retval = nullptr;
+
+  // OK... we need a type. Get one.
+  nsAutoCString typeToUse(aMIMEType);
+  if (typeToUse.IsEmpty()) {
+    nsresult rv = GetTypeFromExtension(aFileExt, typeToUse);
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  // We promise to only send lower case mime types to the OS
+  ToLowerCase(typeToUse);
+
+  // First, ask the OS for a mime info
+  bool found;
+  nsresult rv = GetMIMEInfoFromOS(typeToUse, aFileExt, &found, _retval);
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  LOG("OS gave back 0x%p - found: %i\n", *_retval, found);
+  // If we got no mimeinfo, something went wrong. Probably lack of memory.
+  if (!*_retval) return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+
+  // The handler service can make up for bad mime types by checking the file
+  // extension. If the mime type is known (in extras or in the handler
+  // service), we stop it doing so by flipping this bool to true.
+  bool trustMIMEType = false;
+
+  // Check extras - not everything we support will be known by the OS store,
+  // unfortunately, and it may even miss some extensions that we know should
+  // be accepted. We only do this for non-octet-stream mimetypes, because
+  // our information for octet-stream would lead to us trying to open all such
+  // files as Binary file with exe, com or bin extension regardless of the
+  // real extension.
+  if (!typeToUse.Equals(APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM,
+                        nsCaseInsensitiveCStringComparator)) {
+    rv = FillMIMEInfoForMimeTypeFromExtras(typeToUse, !found, *_retval);
+    LOG("Searched extras (by type), rv 0x%08" PRIX32 "\n",
+        static_cast<uint32_t>(rv));
+    trustMIMEType = NS_SUCCEEDED(rv);
+    found = found || NS_SUCCEEDED(rv);
+  }
+
+  // Now, let's see if we can find something in our datastore.
+  // This will not overwrite the OS information that interests us
+  // (i.e. default application, default app. description)
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  if (handlerSvc) {
+    bool hasHandler = false;
+    (void)handlerSvc->Exists(*_retval, &hasHandler);
+    if (hasHandler) {
+      rv = handlerSvc->FillHandlerInfo(*_retval, ""_ns);
+      LOG("Data source: Via type: retval 0x%08" PRIx32 "\n",
+          static_cast<uint32_t>(rv));
+      trustMIMEType = trustMIMEType || NS_SUCCEEDED(rv);
+    } else {
+      rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+    }
+
+    found = found || NS_SUCCEEDED(rv);
+  }
+
+  // If we still haven't found anything, try finding a match for
+  // an extension in extras first:
+  if (!found && !aFileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    rv = FillMIMEInfoForExtensionFromExtras(aFileExt, *_retval);
+    LOG("Searched extras (by ext), rv 0x%08" PRIX32 "\n",
+        static_cast<uint32_t>(rv));
+  }
+
+  // Then check the handler service - but only do so if we really do not know
+  // the mimetype. This avoids overwriting good mimetype info with bad file
+  // extension info.
+  if ((!found || !trustMIMEType) && handlerSvc && !aFileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    nsAutoCString overrideType;
+    rv = handlerSvc->GetTypeFromExtension(aFileExt, overrideType);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && !overrideType.IsEmpty()) {
+      // We can't check handlerSvc->Exists() here, because we have a
+      // overideType. That's ok, it just results in some console noise.
+      // (If there's no handler for the override type, it throws)
+      rv = handlerSvc->FillHandlerInfo(*_retval, overrideType);
+      LOG("Data source: Via ext: retval 0x%08" PRIx32 "\n",
+          static_cast<uint32_t>(rv));
+      found = found || NS_SUCCEEDED(rv);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If we still don't have a match, at least set the file description
+  // to `${aFileExt} File` if it's empty:
+  if (!found && !aFileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    // XXXzpao This should probably be localized
+    nsAutoCString desc(aFileExt);
+    desc.AppendLiteral(" File");
+    (*_retval)->SetDescription(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(desc));
+    LOG("Falling back to 'File' file description\n");
+  }
+
+  // Sometimes, OSes give us bad data. We have a set of forbidden extensions
+  // for some MIME types. If the primary extension is forbidden,
+  // overwrite it with a known-good one. See bug 1571247 for context.
+  nsAutoCString primaryExtension;
+  (*_retval)->GetPrimaryExtension(primaryExtension);
+  if (!primaryExtension.EqualsIgnoreCase(PromiseFlatCString(aFileExt).get())) {
+    if (MaybeReplacePrimaryExtension(primaryExtension, *_retval)) {
+      (*_retval)->GetPrimaryExtension(primaryExtension);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Finally, check if we got a file extension and if yes, if it is an
+  // extension on the mimeinfo, in which case we want it to be the primary one
+  if (!aFileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    bool matches = false;
+    (*_retval)->ExtensionExists(aFileExt, &matches);
+    LOG("Extension '%s' matches mime info: %i\n",
+        PromiseFlatCString(aFileExt).get(), matches);
+    if (matches) {
+      nsAutoCString fileExt;
+      ToLowerCase(aFileExt, fileExt);
+      (*_retval)->SetPrimaryExtension(fileExt);
+      primaryExtension = fileExt;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Overwrite with a generic description if the primary extension for the
+  // type is in our list; these are file formats supported by Firefox and
+  // we don't want other brands positioning themselves as the sole viewer
+  // for a system.
+  if (!primaryExtension.IsEmpty()) {
+    for (const char* ext : descriptionOverwriteExtensions) {
+      if (primaryExtension.Equals(ext)) {
+        nsCOMPtr<nsIStringBundleService> bundleService =
+            do_GetService(NS_STRINGBUNDLE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+        NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+        nsCOMPtr<nsIStringBundle> unknownContentTypeBundle;
+        rv = bundleService->CreateBundle(
+            "chrome://mozapps/locale/downloads/unknownContentType.properties",
+            getter_AddRefs(unknownContentTypeBundle));
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+          nsAutoCString stringName(ext);
+          stringName.AppendLiteral("ExtHandlerDescription");
+          nsAutoString handlerDescription;
+          rv = unknownContentTypeBundle->GetStringFromName(stringName.get(),
+                                                           handlerDescription);
+          if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+            (*_retval)->SetDescription(handlerDescription);
+          }
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (LOG_ENABLED()) {
+    nsAutoCString type;
+    (*_retval)->GetMIMEType(type);
+
+    LOG("MIME Info Summary: Type '%s', Primary Ext '%s'\n", type.get(),
+        primaryExtension.get());
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+bool nsExternalHelperAppService::GetMIMETypeFromDefaultForExtension(
+    const nsACString& aExtension, nsACString& aMIMEType) {
+  // First of all, check our default entries
+  for (auto& entry : defaultMimeEntries) {
+    if (aExtension.LowerCaseEqualsASCII(entry.mFileExtension)) {
+      aMIMEType = entry.mMimeType;
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::GetTypeFromExtension(const nsACString& aFileExt,
+                                                 nsACString& aContentType) {
+  // OK. We want to try the following sources of mimetype information, in this
+  // order:
+  // 1. defaultMimeEntries array
+  // 2. OS-provided information
+  // 3. our "extras" array
+  // 4. Information from plugins
+  // 5. The "ext-to-type-mapping" category
+  // Note that, we are intentionally not looking at the handler service, because
+  // that can be affected by websites, which leads to undesired behavior.
+
+  // Early return if called with an empty extension parameter
+  if (aFileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  // First of all, check our default entries
+  if (GetMIMETypeFromDefaultForExtension(aFileExt, aContentType)) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // Ask OS.
+  if (GetMIMETypeFromOSForExtension(aFileExt, aContentType)) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // Check extras array.
+  bool found = GetTypeFromExtras(aFileExt, aContentType);
+  if (found) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // Let's see if an extension added something
+  nsCOMPtr<nsICategoryManager> catMan(
+      do_GetService("@mozilla.org/categorymanager;1"));
+  if (catMan) {
+    // The extension in the category entry is always stored as lowercase
+    nsAutoCString lowercaseFileExt(aFileExt);
+    ToLowerCase(lowercaseFileExt);
+    // Read the MIME type from the category entry, if available
+    nsCString type;
+    nsresult rv =
+        catMan->GetCategoryEntry("ext-to-type-mapping", lowercaseFileExt, type);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      aContentType = type;
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::GetPrimaryExtension(
+    const nsACString& aMIMEType, const nsACString& aFileExt,
+    nsACString& _retval) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG(!aMIMEType.IsEmpty());
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mi;
+  nsresult rv =
+      GetFromTypeAndExtension(aMIMEType, aFileExt, getter_AddRefs(mi));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  return mi->GetPrimaryExtension(_retval);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::GetDefaultTypeFromURI(
+    nsIURI* aURI, nsACString& aContentType) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(aURI);
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  aContentType.Truncate();
+
+  // Now try to get an nsIURL so we don't have to do our own parsing
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURL> url = do_QueryInterface(aURI);
+  if (!url) {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoCString ext;
+  rv = url->GetFileExtension(ext);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  if (!ext.IsEmpty()) {
+    UnescapeFragment(ext, url, ext);
+
+    if (GetMIMETypeFromDefaultForExtension(ext, aContentType)) {
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+};
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::GetTypeFromURI(
+    nsIURI* aURI, nsACString& aContentType) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(aURI);
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  aContentType.Truncate();
+
+  // First look for a file to use.  If we have one, we just use that.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFileURL> fileUrl = do_QueryInterface(aURI);
+  if (fileUrl) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> file;
+    rv = fileUrl->GetFile(getter_AddRefs(file));
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      rv = GetTypeFromFile(file, aContentType);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+        // we got something!
+        return rv;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Now try to get an nsIURL so we don't have to do our own parsing
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURL> url = do_QueryInterface(aURI);
+  if (url) {
+    nsAutoCString ext;
+    rv = url->GetFileExtension(ext);
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+    if (ext.IsEmpty()) return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+    UnescapeFragment(ext, url, ext);
+
+    return GetTypeFromExtension(ext, aContentType);
+  }
+
+  // no url, let's give the raw spec a shot
+  nsAutoCString specStr;
+  rv = aURI->GetSpec(specStr);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+  UnescapeFragment(specStr, aURI, specStr);
+
+  // find the file extension (if any)
+  int32_t extLoc = specStr.RFindChar('.');
+  int32_t specLength = specStr.Length();
+  if (-1 != extLoc && extLoc != specLength - 1 &&
+      // nothing over 20 chars long can be sanely considered an
+      // extension.... Dat dere would be just data.
+      specLength - extLoc < 20) {
+    return GetTypeFromExtension(Substring(specStr, extLoc + 1), aContentType);
+  }
+
+  // We found no information; say so.
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalHelperAppService::GetTypeFromFile(
+    nsIFile* aFile, nsACString& aContentType) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(aFile);
+  nsresult rv;
+
+  // Get the Extension
+  nsAutoString fileName;
+  rv = aFile->GetLeafName(fileName);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsAutoCString fileExt;
+  if (!fileName.IsEmpty()) {
+    int32_t len = fileName.Length();
+    for (int32_t i = len; i >= 0; i--) {
+      if (fileName[i] == char16_t('.')) {
+        CopyUTF16toUTF8(Substring(fileName, i + 1), fileExt);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (fileExt.IsEmpty()) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  return GetTypeFromExtension(fileExt, aContentType);
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::FillMIMEInfoForMimeTypeFromExtras(
+    const nsACString& aContentType, bool aOverwriteDescription,
+    nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG(aMIMEInfo);
+
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG(!aContentType.IsEmpty());
+
+  // Look for default entry with matching mime type.
+  nsAutoCString MIMEType(aContentType);
+  ToLowerCase(MIMEType);
+  for (auto entry : extraMimeEntries) {
+    if (MIMEType.Equals(entry.mMimeType)) {
+      // This is the one. Set attributes appropriately.
+      nsDependentCString extensions(entry.mFileExtensions);
+      nsACString::const_iterator start, end;
+      extensions.BeginReading(start);
+      extensions.EndReading(end);
+      while (start != end) {
+        nsACString::const_iterator cursor = start;
+        mozilla::Unused << FindCharInReadable(',', cursor, end);
+        aMIMEInfo->AppendExtension(Substring(start, cursor));
+        // If a comma was found, skip it for the next search.
+        start = cursor != end ? ++cursor : cursor;
+      }
+
+      nsAutoString desc;
+      aMIMEInfo->GetDescription(desc);
+      if (aOverwriteDescription || desc.IsEmpty()) {
+        aMIMEInfo->SetDescription(NS_ConvertASCIItoUTF16(entry.mDescription));
+      }
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::FillMIMEInfoForExtensionFromExtras(
+    const nsACString& aExtension, nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo) {
+  nsAutoCString type;
+  bool found = GetTypeFromExtras(aExtension, type);
+  if (!found) return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  return FillMIMEInfoForMimeTypeFromExtras(type, true, aMIMEInfo);
+}
+
+bool nsExternalHelperAppService::MaybeReplacePrimaryExtension(
+    const nsACString& aPrimaryExtension, nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo) {
+  for (const auto& entry : sForbiddenPrimaryExtensions) {
+    if (aPrimaryExtension.LowerCaseEqualsASCII(entry.mFileExtension)) {
+      nsDependentCString mime(entry.mMimeType);
+      for (const auto& extraEntry : extraMimeEntries) {
+        if (mime.LowerCaseEqualsASCII(extraEntry.mMimeType)) {
+          nsDependentCString goodExts(extraEntry.mFileExtensions);
+          int32_t commaPos = goodExts.FindChar(',');
+          commaPos = commaPos == kNotFound ? goodExts.Length() : commaPos;
+          auto goodExt = Substring(goodExts, 0, commaPos);
+          aMIMEInfo->SetPrimaryExtension(goodExt);
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool nsExternalHelperAppService::GetTypeFromExtras(const nsACString& aExtension,
+                                                   nsACString& aMIMEType) {
+  NS_ASSERTION(!aExtension.IsEmpty(), "Empty aExtension parameter!");
+
+  // Look for default entry with matching extension.
+  nsDependentCString::const_iterator start, end, iter;
+  int32_t numEntries = ArrayLength(extraMimeEntries);
+  for (int32_t index = 0; index < numEntries; index++) {
+    nsDependentCString extList(extraMimeEntries[index].mFileExtensions);
+    extList.BeginReading(start);
+    extList.EndReading(end);
+    iter = start;
+    while (start != end) {
+      FindCharInReadable(',', iter, end);
+      if (Substring(start, iter)
+              .Equals(aExtension, nsCaseInsensitiveCStringComparator)) {
+        aMIMEType = extraMimeEntries[index].mMimeType;
+        return true;
+      }
+      if (iter != end) {
+        ++iter;
+      }
+      start = iter;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool nsExternalHelperAppService::GetMIMETypeFromOSForExtension(
+    const nsACString& aExtension, nsACString& aMIMEType) {
+  bool found = false;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mimeInfo;
+  nsresult rv =
+      GetMIMEInfoFromOS(""_ns, aExtension, &found, getter_AddRefs(mimeInfo));
+  return NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && found && mimeInfo &&
+         NS_SUCCEEDED(mimeInfo->GetMIMEType(aMIMEType));
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(
+    const nsACString& aMIMEType, const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+    nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  *aMIMEInfo = nullptr;
+  *aFound = false;
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+nsresult nsExternalHelperAppService::UpdateDefaultAppInfo(
+    nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+bool nsExternalHelperAppService::GetFileNameFromChannel(nsIChannel* aChannel,
+                                                        nsAString& aFileName,
+                                                        nsIURI** aURI) {
+  if (!aChannel) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  aChannel->GetURI(aURI);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURL> url = do_QueryInterface(*aURI);
+
+  // Check if we have a POST request, in which case we don't want to use
+  // the url's extension
+  bool allowURLExt = !net::ChannelIsPost(aChannel);
+
+  // Check if we had a query string - we don't want to check the URL
+  // extension if a query is present in the URI
+  // If we already know we don't want to check the URL extension, don't
+  // bother checking the query
+  if (url && allowURLExt) {
+    nsAutoCString query;
+
+    // We only care about the query for HTTP and HTTPS URLs
+    if (url->SchemeIs("http") || url->SchemeIs("https")) {
+      url->GetQuery(query);
+    }
+
+    // Only get the extension if the query is empty; if it isn't, then the
+    // extension likely belongs to a cgi script and isn't helpful
+    allowURLExt = query.IsEmpty();
+  }
+
+  aChannel->GetContentDispositionFilename(aFileName);
+
+  return allowURLExt;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::GetValidFileName(nsIChannel* aChannel,
+                                             const nsACString& aType,
+                                             nsIURI* aOriginalURI,
+                                             uint32_t aFlags,
+                                             nsAString& aOutFileName) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> uri;
+  bool allowURLExtension =
+      GetFileNameFromChannel(aChannel, aOutFileName, getter_AddRefs(uri));
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mimeInfo = ValidateFileNameForSaving(
+      aOutFileName, aType, uri, aOriginalURI, aFlags, allowURLExtension);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalHelperAppService::ValidateFileNameForSaving(
+    const nsAString& aFileName, const nsACString& aType, uint32_t aFlags,
+    nsAString& aOutFileName) {
+  nsAutoString fileName(aFileName);
+
+  // Just sanitize the filename only.
+  if (aFlags & VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY) {
+    SanitizeFileName(fileName, aFlags);
+  } else {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mimeInfo = ValidateFileNameForSaving(
+        fileName, aType, nullptr, nullptr, aFlags, true);
+  }
+
+  aOutFileName = fileName;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+already_AddRefed<nsIMIMEInfo>
+nsExternalHelperAppService::ValidateFileNameForSaving(
+    nsAString& aFileName, const nsACString& aMimeType, nsIURI* aURI,
+    nsIURI* aOriginalURI, uint32_t aFlags, bool aAllowURLExtension) {
+  nsAutoString fileName(aFileName);
+  nsAutoCString extension;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mimeInfo;
+
+  bool isBinaryType = aMimeType.EqualsLiteral(APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM) ||
+                      aMimeType.EqualsLiteral(BINARY_OCTET_STREAM) ||
+                      aMimeType.EqualsLiteral("application/x-msdownload");
+
+  // We don't want to save hidden files starting with a dot, so remove any
+  // leading periods. This is done first, so that the remainder will be
+  // treated as the filename, and not an extension.
+  // Also, Windows ignores terminating dots. So we have to as well, so
+  // that our security checks do "the right thing"
+  fileName.Trim(".");
+
+  bool urlIsFile = !!aURI && aURI->SchemeIs("file");
+
+  // We get the mime service here even though we're the default implementation
+  // of it, so it's possible to override only the mime service and not need to
+  // reimplement the whole external helper app service itself.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEService> mimeService = do_GetService("@mozilla.org/mime;1");
+  if (mimeService) {
+    if (fileName.IsEmpty()) {
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIURL> url = do_QueryInterface(aURI);
+      // Try to extract the file name from the url and use that as a first
+      // pass as the leaf name of our temp file...
+      if (url) {
+        nsAutoCString leafName;
+        url->GetFileName(leafName);
+        if (!leafName.IsEmpty()) {
+          if (NS_FAILED(UnescapeFragment(leafName, url, fileName))) {
+            CopyUTF8toUTF16(leafName, fileName);  // use escaped name instead
+            fileName.Trim(".");
+          }
+        }
+
+        // Only get the extension from the URL if allowed, or if this
+        // is a binary type in which case the type might not be valid
+        // anyway.
+        if (aAllowURLExtension || isBinaryType || urlIsFile) {
+          url->GetFileExtension(extension);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Determine the current extension for the filename.
+      int32_t dotidx = fileName.RFind(u".");
+      if (dotidx != -1) {
+        CopyUTF16toUTF8(Substring(fileName, dotidx + 1), extension);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (aFlags & VALIDATE_GUESS_FROM_EXTENSION) {
+      nsAutoCString mimeType;
+      if (!extension.IsEmpty()) {
+        mimeService->GetFromTypeAndExtension(EmptyCString(), extension,
+                                             getter_AddRefs(mimeInfo));
+        if (mimeInfo) {
+          mimeInfo->GetMIMEType(mimeType);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (mimeType.IsEmpty()) {
+        // Extension lookup gave us no useful match, so use octet-stream
+        // instead.
+        mimeService->GetFromTypeAndExtension(
+            nsLiteralCString(APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM), extension,
+            getter_AddRefs(mimeInfo));
+      }
+    } else if (!aMimeType.IsEmpty()) {
+      // If this is a binary type, include the extension as a hint to get
+      // the mime info. For other types, the mime type itself should be
+      // sufficient.
+      // Unfortunately, on Windows, the mimetype is usually insufficient.
+      // Compensate at least on `file` URLs by trusting the extension -
+      // that's likely what we used to get the mimetype in the first place.
+      // The special case for application/ogg is because that type could
+      // actually be used for a video which can better be determined by the
+      // extension. This is tested by browser_save_video.js.
+      bool useExtension =
+          isBinaryType || urlIsFile || aMimeType.EqualsLiteral(APPLICATION_OGG);
+      mimeService->GetFromTypeAndExtension(
+          aMimeType, useExtension ? extension : EmptyCString(),
+          getter_AddRefs(mimeInfo));
+      if (mimeInfo) {
+        // But if no primary extension was returned, this mime type is probably
+        // an unknown type. Look it up again but this time supply the extension.
+        nsAutoCString primaryExtension;
+        mimeInfo->GetPrimaryExtension(primaryExtension);
+        if (primaryExtension.IsEmpty()) {
+          mimeService->GetFromTypeAndExtension(aMimeType, extension,
+                                               getter_AddRefs(mimeInfo));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If an empty filename is allowed, then return early. It will be saved
+  // using the filename of the temporary file that was created for the download.
+  if (aFlags & VALIDATE_ALLOW_EMPTY && fileName.IsEmpty()) {
+    aFileName.Truncate();
+    return mimeInfo.forget();
+  }
+
+  // This section modifies the extension on the filename if it isn't valid for
+  // the given content type.
+  if (mimeInfo) {
+    bool isValidExtension;
+    if (extension.IsEmpty() ||
+        NS_FAILED(mimeInfo->ExtensionExists(extension, &isValidExtension)) ||
+        !isValidExtension) {
+      // Skip these checks for text and binary, so we don't append the unneeded
+      // .txt or other extension.
+      if (aMimeType.EqualsLiteral(TEXT_PLAIN) || isBinaryType) {
+        extension.Truncate();
+      } else {
+        nsAutoCString originalExtension(extension);
+        // If an original url was supplied, see if it has a valid extension.
+        bool useOldExtension = false;
+        if (aOriginalURI) {
+          nsCOMPtr<nsIURL> originalURL(do_QueryInterface(aOriginalURI));
+          if (originalURL) {
+            nsAutoCString uriExtension;
+            originalURL->GetFileExtension(uriExtension);
+            if (!uriExtension.IsEmpty()) {
+              mimeInfo->ExtensionExists(uriExtension, &useOldExtension);
+              if (useOldExtension) {
+                extension = uriExtension;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (!useOldExtension) {
+          // If the filename doesn't have a valid extension, or we don't know
+          // the extension, try to use the primary extension for the type. If we
+          // don't know the primary extension for the type, just continue with
+          // the existing extension, or leave the filename with no extension.
+          nsAutoCString primaryExtension;
+          mimeInfo->GetPrimaryExtension(primaryExtension);
+          if (!primaryExtension.IsEmpty()) {
+            extension = primaryExtension;
+          }
+        }
+
+        // If an suitable extension was found, we will append to or replace the
+        // existing extension.
+        if (!extension.IsEmpty()) {
+          ModifyExtensionType modify = ShouldModifyExtension(
+              mimeInfo, aFlags & VALIDATE_FORCE_APPEND_EXTENSION,
+              originalExtension);
+          if (modify == ModifyExtension_Replace) {
+            int32_t dotidx = fileName.RFind(u".");
+            if (dotidx != -1) {
+              // Remove the existing extension and replace it.
+              fileName.Truncate(dotidx);
+            }
+          }
+
+          // Otherwise, just append the proper extension to the end of the
+          // filename, adding to the invalid extension that might already be
+          // there.
+          if (modify != ModifyExtension_Ignore) {
+            fileName.AppendLiteral(".");
+            fileName.Append(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(extension));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  CheckDefaultFileName(fileName, aFlags);
+
+  // Make the filename safe for the filesystem.
+  SanitizeFileName(fileName, aFlags);
+
+  aFileName = fileName;
+  return mimeInfo.forget();
+}
+
+void nsExternalHelperAppService::CheckDefaultFileName(nsAString& aFileName,
+                                                      uint32_t aFlags) {
+  // If no filename is present, use a default filename.
+  if (!(aFlags & VALIDATE_NO_DEFAULT_FILENAME) &&
+      (aFileName.Length() == 0 || aFileName.RFind(u".") == 0)) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIStringBundleService> stringService =
+        mozilla::components::StringBundle::Service();
+    if (stringService) {
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIStringBundle> bundle;
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(stringService->CreateBundle(
+              "chrome://global/locale/contentAreaCommands.properties",
+              getter_AddRefs(bundle)))) {
+        nsAutoString defaultFileName;
+        bundle->GetStringFromName("UntitledSaveFileName", defaultFileName);
+        // Append any existing extension to the default filename.
+        aFileName = defaultFileName + aFileName;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Use 'Untitled' as a last resort.
+    if (!aFileName.Length()) {
+      aFileName.AssignLiteral("Untitled");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void nsExternalHelperAppService::SanitizeFileName(nsAString& aFileName,
+                                                  uint32_t aFlags) {
+  nsAutoString fileName(aFileName);
+
+  // Replace known invalid characters.
+  fileName.ReplaceChar(u"" KNOWN_PATH_SEPARATORS, u'_');
+  fileName.ReplaceChar(u"" FILE_ILLEGAL_CHARACTERS, u' ');
+  fileName.StripChar(char16_t(0));
+
+  const char16_t *startStr, *endStr;
+  fileName.BeginReading(startStr);
+  fileName.EndReading(endStr);
+
+  // True if multiple consecutive whitespace characters should
+  // be replaced by single space ' '.
+  bool collapseWhitespace = !(aFlags & VALIDATE_DONT_COLLAPSE_WHITESPACE);
+
+  // The maximum filename length differs based on the platform:
+  //  Windows (FAT/NTFS) stores filenames as a maximum of 255 UTF-16 code units.
+  //  Mac (APFS) stores filenames with a maximum 255 of UTF-8 code units.
+  //  Linux (ext3/ext4...) stores filenames with a maximum 255 bytes.
+  // So here we just use the maximum of 255 bytes.
+  // 0 means don't truncate at a maximum size.
+  const uint32_t maxBytes =
+      (aFlags & VALIDATE_DONT_TRUNCATE) ? 0 : kDefaultMaxFileNameLength;
+
+  // True if the last character added was whitespace.
+  bool lastWasWhitespace = false;
+
+  // Length of the filename that fits into the maximum size excluding the
+  // extension and period.
+  int32_t longFileNameEnd = -1;
+
+  // Index of the last character added that was not a character that can be
+  // trimmed off of the end of the string. Trimmable characters are whitespace,
+  // periods and the vowel separator u'\u180e'. If all the characters after this
+  // point are trimmable characters, truncate the string to this point after
+  // iterating over the filename.
+  int32_t lastNonTrimmable = -1;
+
+  // The number of bytes that the string would occupy if encoded in UTF-8.
+  uint32_t bytesLength = 0;
+
+  // The length of the extension in bytes.
+  uint32_t extensionBytesLength = 0;
+
+  // This algorithm iterates over each character in the string and appends it
+  // or a replacement character if needed to outFileName.
+  nsAutoString outFileName;
+  while (startStr < endStr) {
+    bool err = false;
+    char32_t nextChar = UTF16CharEnumerator::NextChar(&startStr, endStr, &err);
+    if (err) {
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // nulls are already stripped out above.
+    MOZ_ASSERT(nextChar != char16_t(0));
+
+    auto unicodeCategory = unicode::GetGeneralCategory(nextChar);
+    if (unicodeCategory == HB_UNICODE_GENERAL_CATEGORY_CONTROL ||
+        unicodeCategory == HB_UNICODE_GENERAL_CATEGORY_LINE_SEPARATOR ||
+        unicodeCategory == HB_UNICODE_GENERAL_CATEGORY_PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR) {
+      // Skip over any control characters and separators.
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (unicodeCategory == HB_UNICODE_GENERAL_CATEGORY_SPACE_SEPARATOR ||
+        nextChar == u'\ufeff') {
+      // Trim out any whitespace characters at the beginning of the filename,
+      // and only add whitespace in the middle of the filename if the last
+      // character was not whitespace or if we are not collapsing whitespace.
+      if (!outFileName.IsEmpty() &&
+          (!lastWasWhitespace || !collapseWhitespace)) {
+        // Allow the ideographic space if it is present, otherwise replace with
+        // ' '.
+        if (nextChar != u'\u3000') {
+          nextChar = ' ';
+        }
+        lastWasWhitespace = true;
+      } else {
+        lastWasWhitespace = true;
+        continue;
+      }
+    } else {
+      lastWasWhitespace = false;
+      if (nextChar == '.' || nextChar == u'\u180e') {
+        // Don't add any periods or vowel separators at the beginning of the
+        // string. Note also that lastNonTrimmable is not adjusted in this
+        // case, because periods and vowel separators are included in the
+        // set of characters to trim at the end of the filename.
+        if (outFileName.IsEmpty()) {
+          continue;
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (unicodeCategory == HB_UNICODE_GENERAL_CATEGORY_FORMAT) {
+          // Replace formatting characters with an underscore.
+          nextChar = '_';
+        }
+
+        // Don't truncate surrogate pairs in the middle.
+        lastNonTrimmable =
+            int32_t(outFileName.Length()) +
+            (NS_IS_HIGH_SURROGATE(H_SURROGATE(nextChar)) ? 2 : 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (maxBytes) {
+      // UTF16CharEnumerator already converts surrogate pairs, so we can use
+      // a simple computation of byte length here.
+      uint32_t charBytesLength = nextChar < 0x80      ? 1
+                                 : nextChar < 0x800   ? 2
+                                 : nextChar < 0x10000 ? 3
+                                                      : 4;
+      bytesLength += charBytesLength;
+      if (bytesLength > maxBytes) {
+        if (longFileNameEnd == -1) {
+          longFileNameEnd = int32_t(outFileName.Length());
+        }
+      }
+
+      // If we encounter a period, it could be the start of an extension, so
+      // start counting the number of bytes in the extension. If another period
+      // is found, start again since we want to use the last extension found.
+      if (nextChar == u'.') {
+        extensionBytesLength = 1;  // 1 byte for the period.
+      } else if (extensionBytesLength) {
+        extensionBytesLength += charBytesLength;
+      }
+    }
+
+    AppendUCS4ToUTF16(nextChar, outFileName);
+  }
+
+  // If the filename is longer than the maximum allowed filename size,
+  // truncate it, but preserve the desired extension that is currently
+  // on the filename.
+  if (bytesLength > maxBytes && !outFileName.IsEmpty()) {
+    // Get the sanitized extension from the filename without the dot.
+    nsAutoString extension;
+    int32_t dotidx = outFileName.RFind(u".");
+    if (dotidx != -1) {
+      extension = Substring(outFileName, dotidx + 1);
+    }
+
+    // There are two ways in which the filename should be truncated:
+    //   - If the filename was too long, truncate the name at the length
+    //     of the filename.
+    //     This position is indicated by longFileNameEnd.
+    //   - lastNonTrimmable will indicate the last character that was not
+    //     whitespace, a period, or a vowel separator at the end of the
+    //     the string, so the string should be truncated there as well.
+    // If both apply, use the earliest position.
+    if (lastNonTrimmable >= 0) {
+      // Subtract off the amount for the extension and the period.
+      // Note that the extension length is in bytes but longFileNameEnd is in
+      // characters, but if they don't match, it just means we crop off
+      // more than is necessary. This is OK since it is better than cropping
+      // off too little.
+      longFileNameEnd -= extensionBytesLength;
+      if (longFileNameEnd <= 0) {
+        // This is extremely unlikely, but if the extension is larger than the
+        // maximum size, just get rid of it. In this case, the extension
+        // wouldn't have been an ordinary one we would want to preserve (such
+        // as .html or .png) so just truncate off the file wherever the first
+        // period appears.
+        int32_t dotidx = outFileName.Find(u".");
+        outFileName.Truncate(dotidx > 0 ? dotidx : 1);
+      } else {
+        outFileName.Truncate(std::min(longFileNameEnd, lastNonTrimmable));
+
+        // Now that the filename has been truncated, re-append the extension
+        // again.
+        if (!extension.IsEmpty()) {
+          if (outFileName.Last() != '.') {
+            outFileName.AppendLiteral(".");
+          }
+
+          outFileName.Append(extension);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (lastNonTrimmable >= 0) {
+    // Otherwise, the filename wasn't too long, so just trim off the
+    // extra whitespace and periods at the end.
+    outFileName.Truncate(lastNonTrimmable);
+  }
+
+#ifdef XP_WIN
+  if (nsLocalFile::CheckForReservedFileName(outFileName)) {
+    outFileName.Truncate();
+    CheckDefaultFileName(outFileName, aFlags);
+  }
+
+#endif
+
+  if (!(aFlags & VALIDATE_ALLOW_INVALID_FILENAMES)) {
+    // If the extension is one these types, replace it with .download, as these
+    // types of files can have significance on Windows or Linux.
+    // This happens for any file, not just those with the shortcut mime type.
+    if (StringEndsWith(outFileName, u".lnk"_ns,
+                       nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator) ||
+        StringEndsWith(outFileName, u".local"_ns,
+                       nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator) ||
+        StringEndsWith(outFileName, u".url"_ns,
+                       nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator) ||
+        StringEndsWith(outFileName, u".scf"_ns,
+                       nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator) ||
+        StringEndsWith(outFileName, u".desktop"_ns,
+                       nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator)) {
+      outFileName.AppendLiteral(".download");
+    }
+  }
+
+  aFileName = outFileName;
+}
+
+nsExternalHelperAppService::ModifyExtensionType
+nsExternalHelperAppService::ShouldModifyExtension(nsIMIMEInfo* aMimeInfo,
+                                                  bool aForceAppend,
+                                                  const nsCString& aFileExt) {
+  nsAutoCString MIMEType;
+  if (!aMimeInfo || NS_FAILED(aMimeInfo->GetMIMEType(MIMEType))) {
+    return ModifyExtension_Append;
+  }
+
+  // Determine whether the extensions should be appended or replaced depending
+  // on the content type.
+  bool canForce = StringBeginsWith(MIMEType, "image/"_ns) ||
+                  StringBeginsWith(MIMEType, "audio/"_ns) ||
+                  StringBeginsWith(MIMEType, "video/"_ns) || aFileExt.IsEmpty();
+
+  if (!canForce) {
+    for (const char* mime : forcedExtensionMimetypes) {
+      if (MIMEType.Equals(mime)) {
+        if (!StaticPrefs::browser_download_sanitize_non_media_extensions()) {
+          return ModifyExtension_Ignore;
+        }
+        canForce = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!canForce) {
+      return aForceAppend ? ModifyExtension_Append : ModifyExtension_Ignore;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If we get here, we know for sure the mimetype allows us to modify the
+  // existing extension, if it's wrong. Return whether we should replace it
+  // or append it.
+  bool knownExtension = false;
+  // Note that aFileExt is either empty or consists of an extension
+  // excluding the dot.
+  if (aFileExt.IsEmpty() ||
+      (NS_SUCCEEDED(aMimeInfo->ExtensionExists(aFileExt, &knownExtension)) &&
+       !knownExtension)) {
+    return ModifyExtension_Replace;
+  }
+
+  return ModifyExtension_Append;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalHelperAppService.h b/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalHelperAppService.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3eb4575910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalHelperAppService.h
@@ -0,0 +1,571 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsExternalHelperAppService_h__
+#define nsExternalHelperAppService_h__
+
+#include "mozilla/Logging.h"
+#include "prtime.h"
+
+#include "nsIExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsIExternalProtocolService.h"
+#include "nsIWebProgressListener2.h"
+#include "nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog.h"
+
+#include "nsILoadInfo.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEService.h"
+#include "nsINamed.h"
+#include "nsIStreamListener.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsIPermission.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsIInterfaceRequestor.h"
+#include "nsIInterfaceRequestorUtils.h"
+#include "nsIChannel.h"
+#include "nsIBackgroundFileSaver.h"
+
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+#include "nsIObserver.h"
+#include "nsCOMArray.h"
+#include "nsWeakReference.h"
+#include "mozilla/Attributes.h"
+
+class nsExternalAppHandler;
+class nsIMIMEInfo;
+class nsITransfer;
+class nsIPrincipal;
+class MaybeCloseWindowHelper;
+
+#define EXTERNAL_APP_HANDLER_IID                     \
+  {                                                  \
+    0x50eb7479, 0x71ff, 0x4ef8, {                    \
+      0xb3, 0x1e, 0x3b, 0x59, 0xc8, 0xab, 0xb9, 0x24 \
+    }                                                \
+  }
+
+/**
+ * The helper app service. Responsible for handling content that Mozilla
+ * itself can not handle
+ * Note that this is an abstract class - we depend on appropriate subclassing
+ * on a per-OS basis to implement some methods.
+ */
+class nsExternalHelperAppService : public nsIExternalHelperAppService,
+                                   public nsPIExternalAppLauncher,
+                                   public nsIExternalProtocolService,
+                                   public nsIMIMEService,
+                                   public nsIObserver,
+                                   public nsSupportsWeakReference {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIEXTERNALHELPERAPPSERVICE
+  NS_DECL_NSPIEXTERNALAPPLAUNCHER
+  NS_DECL_NSIMIMESERVICE
+  NS_DECL_NSIOBSERVER
+
+  nsExternalHelperAppService();
+
+  /**
+   * Initializes internal state. Will be called automatically when
+   * this service is first instantiated.
+   */
+  [[nodiscard]] nsresult Init();
+
+  /**
+   * nsIExternalProtocolService methods that we provide in this class. Other
+   * methods should be implemented by per-OS subclasses.
+   */
+  NS_IMETHOD ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme,
+                                           bool* aHandlerExists) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD IsExposedProtocol(const char* aProtocolScheme,
+                               bool* aResult) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetProtocolHandlerInfo(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                    nsIHandlerInfo** aHandlerInfo) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD LoadURI(nsIURI* aURI, nsIPrincipal* aTriggeringPrincipal,
+                     nsIPrincipal* aRedirectPrincipal,
+                     mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext,
+                     bool aWasTriggeredExternally,
+                     bool aHasValidUserGestureActivation) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD SetProtocolHandlerDefaults(nsIHandlerInfo* aHandlerInfo,
+                                        bool aOSHandlerExists) override;
+
+  /**
+   * Given a string identifying an application, create an nsIFile representing
+   * it. This function should look in $PATH for the application.
+   * The base class implementation will first try to interpret platformAppPath
+   * as an absolute path, and if that fails it will look for a file next to the
+   * mozilla executable. Subclasses can override this method if they want a
+   * different behaviour.
+   * @param platformAppPath A platform specific path to an application that we
+   *                        got out of the rdf data source. This can be a mac
+   *                        file spec, a unix path or a windows path depending
+   *                        on the platform
+   * @param aFile           [out] An nsIFile representation of that platform
+   *                        application path.
+   */
+  virtual nsresult GetFileTokenForPath(const char16_t* platformAppPath,
+                                       nsIFile** aFile);
+
+  NS_IMETHOD OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aScheme, bool* aExists) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Given an extension, get a MIME type string from the builtin list of
+   * mime types.
+   * @return true if we successfully found a mimetype.
+   */
+  virtual bool GetMIMETypeFromDefaultForExtension(const nsACString& aExtension,
+                                                  nsACString& aMIMEType);
+
+  /**
+   * Given an extension, get a MIME type string. If not overridden by
+   * the OS-specific nsOSHelperAppService, will call into GetMIMEInfoFromOS
+   * with an empty mimetype.
+   * @return true if we successfully found a mimetype.
+   */
+  virtual bool GetMIMETypeFromOSForExtension(const nsACString& aExtension,
+                                             nsACString& aMIMEType);
+
+  static already_AddRefed<nsExternalHelperAppService> GetSingleton();
+
+  // Internal method. Only called directly from tests.
+  static nsresult EscapeURI(nsIURI* aURI, nsIURI** aResult);
+
+  /**
+   * Logging Module. Usage: set MOZ_LOG=HelperAppService:level, where level
+   * should be 2 for errors, 3 for debug messages from the cross- platform
+   * nsExternalHelperAppService, and 4 for os-specific debug messages.
+   */
+  static mozilla::LazyLogModule sLog;
+
+ protected:
+  virtual ~nsExternalHelperAppService();
+
+  /**
+   * Searches the "extra" array of MIMEInfo objects for an object
+   * with a specific type. If found, it will modify the passed-in
+   * MIMEInfo. Otherwise, it will return an error and the MIMEInfo
+   * will be untouched.
+   * @param aContentType The type to search for.
+   * @param aOverwriteDescription  Whether to overwrite the description
+   * @param aMIMEInfo    [inout] The mime info, if found
+   */
+  nsresult FillMIMEInfoForMimeTypeFromExtras(const nsACString& aContentType,
+                                             bool aOverwriteDescription,
+                                             nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo);
+  /**
+   * Searches the "extra" array of MIMEInfo objects for an object
+   * with a specific extension.
+   *
+   * Does not change the MIME Type of the MIME Info.
+   *
+   * @see FillMIMEInfoForMimeTypeFromExtras
+   */
+  nsresult FillMIMEInfoForExtensionFromExtras(const nsACString& aExtension,
+                                              nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo);
+
+  /**
+   * Replace the primary extension of the mimeinfo object if it's in our
+   * list of forbidden extensions. This fixes up broken information
+   * provided to us by the OS.
+   */
+  bool MaybeReplacePrimaryExtension(const nsACString& aPrimaryExtension,
+                                    nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo);
+
+  /**
+   * Searches the "extra" array for a MIME type, and gets its extension.
+   * @param aExtension The extension to search for
+   * @param aMIMEType [out] The found MIME type.
+   * @return true if the extension was found, false otherwise.
+   */
+  bool GetTypeFromExtras(const nsACString& aExtension, nsACString& aMIMEType);
+
+  // friend, so that it can access the nspr log module.
+  friend class nsExternalAppHandler;
+
+  /**
+   * Helper function for ExpungeTemporaryFiles and ExpungeTemporaryPrivateFiles
+   */
+  static void ExpungeTemporaryFilesHelper(nsCOMArray<nsIFile>& fileList);
+  /**
+   * Helper function for DeleteTemporaryFileOnExit and
+   * DeleteTemporaryPrivateFileWhenPossible
+   */
+  static nsresult DeleteTemporaryFileHelper(nsIFile* aTemporaryFile,
+                                            nsCOMArray<nsIFile>& aFileList);
+  /**
+   * Functions related to the tempory file cleanup service provided by
+   * nsExternalHelperAppService
+   */
+  void ExpungeTemporaryFiles();
+  /**
+   * Functions related to the tempory file cleanup service provided by
+   * nsExternalHelperAppService (for the temporary files added during
+   * the private browsing mode)
+   */
+  void ExpungeTemporaryPrivateFiles();
+
+  bool GetFileNameFromChannel(nsIChannel* aChannel, nsAString& aFileName,
+                              nsIURI** aURI);
+
+  // Internal version of the method from nsIMIMEService.
+  already_AddRefed<nsIMIMEInfo> ValidateFileNameForSaving(
+      nsAString& aFileName, const nsACString& aMimeType, nsIURI* aURI,
+      nsIURI* aOriginalURI, uint32_t aFlags, bool aAllowURLExtension);
+
+  // If aFileName is blank or just an extension, set aFileName to the
+  // default filename.
+  void CheckDefaultFileName(nsAString& aFileName, uint32_t aFlags);
+
+  // Ensure that the filename is safe for the file system. This will remove or
+  // replace any invalid characters and trim extra whitespace as needed. If the
+  // filename is too long, it will be truncated but the existing period and
+  // extension, if any, will be preserved.
+  void SanitizeFileName(nsAString& aFileName, uint32_t aFlags);
+
+  /**
+   * Helper routine that checks how we should modify an extension
+   * for this file.
+   */
+  enum ModifyExtensionType {
+    // Replace an invalid extension with the preferred one.
+    ModifyExtension_Replace = 0,
+    // Append the preferred extension after any existing one.
+    ModifyExtension_Append = 1,
+    // Don't modify the extension.
+    ModifyExtension_Ignore = 2
+  };
+  ModifyExtensionType ShouldModifyExtension(nsIMIMEInfo* aMimeInfo,
+                                            bool aForceAppend,
+                                            const nsCString& aFileExt);
+
+  /**
+   * Array for the files that should be deleted
+   */
+  nsCOMArray<nsIFile> mTemporaryFilesList;
+  /**
+   * Array for the files that should be deleted (for the temporary files
+   * added during the private browsing mode)
+   */
+  nsCOMArray<nsIFile> mTemporaryPrivateFilesList;
+
+ private:
+  nsresult DoContentContentProcessHelper(
+      const nsACString& aMimeContentType, nsIRequest* aRequest,
+      mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aContentContext, bool aForceSave,
+      nsIInterfaceRequestor* aWindowContext,
+      nsIStreamListener** aStreamListener);
+};
+
+/**
+ * An external app handler is just a small little class that presents itself as
+ * a nsIStreamListener. It saves the incoming data into a temp file. The handler
+ * is bound to an application when it is created. When it receives an
+ * OnStopRequest it launches the application using the temp file it has
+ * stored the data into.  We create a handler every time we have to process
+ * data using a helper app.
+ */
+class nsExternalAppHandler final : public nsIStreamListener,
+                                   public nsIHelperAppLauncher,
+                                   public nsIBackgroundFileSaverObserver,
+                                   public nsINamed {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_THREADSAFE_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSISTREAMLISTENER
+  NS_DECL_NSIREQUESTOBSERVER
+  NS_DECL_NSIHELPERAPPLAUNCHER
+  NS_DECL_NSICANCELABLE
+  NS_DECL_NSIBACKGROUNDFILESAVEROBSERVER
+  NS_DECL_NSINAMED
+
+  NS_DECLARE_STATIC_IID_ACCESSOR(EXTERNAL_APP_HANDLER_IID)
+
+  /**
+   * @param aMIMEInfo       MIMEInfo object, representing the type of the
+   *                        content that should be handled
+   * @param aFileExtension  The extension we need to append to our temp file,
+   *                        INCLUDING the ".". e.g. .mp3
+   * @param aContentContext dom Window context, as passed to DoContent.
+   * @param aWindowContext  Top level window context used in dialog parenting,
+   *                        as passed to DoContent. This parameter may be null,
+   *                        in which case dialogs will be parented to
+   *                        aContentContext.
+   * @param mExtProtSvc     nsExternalHelperAppService on creation
+   * @param aSuggestedFileName The filename to use
+   * @param aReason         A constant from nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog
+   * indicating why the request is handled by a helper app.
+   */
+  nsExternalAppHandler(nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo, const nsAString& aFileExtension,
+                       mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext,
+                       nsIInterfaceRequestor* aWindowContext,
+                       nsExternalHelperAppService* aExtProtSvc,
+                       const nsAString& aSuggestedFileName, uint32_t aReason,
+                       bool aForceSave);
+
+  /**
+   * Clean up after the request was diverted to the parent process.
+   */
+  void DidDivertRequest(nsIRequest* request);
+
+  /**
+   * Apply content conversions if needed.
+   */
+  void MaybeApplyDecodingForExtension(nsIRequest* request);
+
+  void SetShouldCloseWindow() { mShouldCloseWindow = true; }
+
+ protected:
+  bool IsDownloadSpam(nsIChannel* aChannel);
+
+  ~nsExternalAppHandler();
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> mTempFile;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> mSourceUrl;
+  nsString mFileExtension;
+  nsString mTempLeafName;
+
+  /**
+   * The MIME Info for this load. Will never be null.
+   */
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEInfo> mMimeInfo;
+
+  /**
+   * The BrowsingContext associated with this request to handle content.
+   */
+  RefPtr<mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext> mBrowsingContext;
+
+  /**
+   * If set, the parent window helper app dialogs and file pickers
+   * should use in parenting. If null, we use mContentContext.
+   */
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIInterfaceRequestor> mWindowContext;
+
+  /**
+   * Used to close the window on a timer, to avoid any exceptions that are
+   * thrown if we try to close the window before it's fully loaded.
+   */
+  RefPtr<MaybeCloseWindowHelper> mMaybeCloseWindowHelper;
+
+  /**
+   * The following field is set if we were processing an http channel that had
+   * a content disposition header which specified the SUGGESTED file name we
+   * should present to the user in the save to disk dialog.
+   */
+  nsString mSuggestedFileName;
+
+  /**
+   * If set, this handler should forcibly save the file to disk regardless of
+   * MIME info settings or anything else, without ever popping up the
+   * unknown content type handling dialog.
+   */
+  bool mForceSave;
+
+  /**
+   * If set, any internally handled type that has a disposition of
+     nsIChannel::DISPOSITION_ATTACHMENT will be saved to disk.
+   */
+  bool mForceSaveInternallyHandled;
+
+  /**
+   * The canceled flag is set if the user canceled the launching of this
+   * application before we finished saving the data to a temp file.
+   */
+  bool mCanceled;
+
+  /**
+   * True if a stop request has been issued.
+   */
+  bool mStopRequestIssued;
+
+  bool mIsFileChannel;
+
+  /**
+   * True if the ExternalHelperAppChild told us that we should close the window
+   * if we handle the content as a download.
+   */
+  bool mShouldCloseWindow;
+
+  /**
+   * True if the file should be handled internally.
+   */
+  bool mHandleInternally;
+
+  /**
+   * True if any dialog (e.g. unknown content type or file picker) is shown —
+   * can stop downloads panel from opening, to avoid redundant interruptions.
+   */
+  bool mDialogShowing;
+
+  /**
+   * One of the REASON_ constants from nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog. Indicates the
+   * reason the dialog was shown (unknown content type, server requested it,
+   * etc).
+   */
+  uint32_t mReason;
+
+  /**
+   * Indicates if the nsContentSecurityUtils rate this download as
+   * acceptable, potentialy unwanted or illigal request.
+   *
+   */
+  int32_t mDownloadClassification;
+
+  /**
+   * Track the executable-ness of the temporary file.
+   */
+  bool mTempFileIsExecutable;
+
+  PRTime mTimeDownloadStarted;
+  int64_t mContentLength;
+  int64_t mProgress; /**< Number of bytes received (for sending progress
+                        notifications). */
+
+  /**
+   * When we are told to save the temp file to disk (in a more permament
+   * location) before we are done writing the content to a temp file, then
+   * we need to remember the final destination until we are ready to use it.
+   */
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> mFinalFileDestination;
+
+  uint32_t mBufferSize;
+
+  /**
+   * This object handles saving the data received from the network to a
+   * temporary location first, and then move the file to its final location,
+   * doing all the input/output on a background thread.
+   */
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIBackgroundFileSaver> mSaver;
+
+  /**
+   * Stores the SHA-256 hash associated with the file that we downloaded.
+   */
+  nsAutoCString mHash;
+  /**
+   * Stores the signature information of the downloaded file in an nsTArray of
+   * nsTArray of Array of bytes. If the file is unsigned this will be
+   * empty.
+   */
+  nsTArray<nsTArray<nsTArray<uint8_t>>> mSignatureInfo;
+  /**
+   * Stores the redirect information associated with the channel.
+   */
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIArray> mRedirects;
+  /**
+   * Get the dialog parent: the parent window that we can attach
+   * a dialog to when prompting the user for a download.
+   */
+  already_AddRefed<nsIInterfaceRequestor> GetDialogParent();
+  /**
+   * Creates the temporary file for the download and an output stream for it.
+   * Upon successful return, both mTempFile and mSaver will be valid.
+   */
+  nsresult SetUpTempFile(nsIChannel* aChannel);
+  /**
+   * When we download a helper app, we are going to retarget all load
+   * notifications into our own docloader and load group instead of
+   * using the window which initiated the load....RetargetLoadNotifications
+   * contains that information...
+   */
+  void RetargetLoadNotifications(nsIRequest* request);
+  /**
+   * Once the user tells us how they want to dispose of the content
+   * create an nsITransfer so they know what's going on. If this fails, the
+   * caller MUST call Cancel.
+   */
+  nsresult CreateTransfer();
+
+  /**
+   * If we fail to create the necessary temporary file to initiate a transfer
+   * we will report the failure by creating a failed nsITransfer.
+   */
+  nsresult CreateFailedTransfer();
+
+  /*
+   * The following two functions are part of the split of SaveToDisk
+   * to make it async, and works as following:
+   *
+   *    SaveToDisk    ------->   RequestSaveDestination
+   *                                     .
+   *                                     .
+   *                                     v
+   *    ContinueSave  <-------   SaveDestinationAvailable
+   */
+
+  /**
+   * This is called by SaveToDisk to decide what's the final
+   * file destination chosen by the user or by auto-download settings.
+   */
+  void RequestSaveDestination(const nsString& aDefaultFile,
+                              const nsString& aDefaultFileExt);
+
+  /**
+   * When SaveToDisk is called, it possibly delegates to RequestSaveDestination
+   * to decide the file destination. ContinueSave must then be called when
+   * the final destination is finally known.
+   * @param  aFile  The file that was chosen as the final destination.
+   *                Must not be null.
+   */
+  nsresult ContinueSave(nsIFile* aFile);
+
+  /**
+   * Notify our nsITransfer object that we are done with the download.  This is
+   * always called after the target file has been closed.
+   *
+   * @param aStatus
+   *        NS_OK for success, or a failure code if the download failed.
+   *        A partially downloaded file may still be available in this case.
+   */
+  void NotifyTransfer(nsresult aStatus);
+
+  /**
+   * Helper routine that searches a pref string for a given mime type
+   */
+  bool GetNeverAskFlagFromPref(const char* prefName, const char* aContentType);
+
+  /**
+   * Helper routine to ensure that mSuggestedFileName ends in the correct
+   * extension, in case the original extension contains invalid characters
+   * or if this download is for a mimetype where we enforce using a specific
+   * extension (image/, video/, and audio/ based mimetypes, and a few specific
+   * document types).
+   *
+   * It also ensure that mFileExtension only contains an extension
+   * when it is different from mSuggestedFileName's extension.
+   */
+  void EnsureCorrectExtension(const nsString& aFileExt);
+
+  typedef enum { kReadError, kWriteError, kLaunchError } ErrorType;
+  /**
+   * Utility function to send proper error notification to web progress listener
+   */
+  void SendStatusChange(ErrorType type, nsresult aStatus, nsIRequest* aRequest,
+                        const nsString& path);
+
+  /**
+   * Set in HelperAppDlg.jsm. This is always null after the user has chosen an
+   * action.
+   */
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWebProgressListener2> mDialogProgressListener;
+  /**
+   * Set once the user has chosen an action. This is null after the download
+   * has been canceled or completes.
+   */
+  nsCOMPtr<nsITransfer> mTransfer;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog> mDialog;
+
+  /**
+
+   * The request that's being loaded. Initialized in OnStartRequest.
+   * Nulled out in OnStopRequest or once we know what we're doing
+   * with the data, whichever happens later.
+   */
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIRequest> mRequest;
+
+  RefPtr<nsExternalHelperAppService> mExtProtSvc;
+};
+NS_DEFINE_STATIC_IID_ACCESSOR(nsExternalAppHandler, EXTERNAL_APP_HANDLER_IID)
+
+#endif  // nsExternalHelperAppService_h__
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalProtocolHandler.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalProtocolHandler.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4e93977b8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalProtocolHandler.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,550 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:set ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 et cin:
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "mozilla/dom/ContentChild.h"
+#include "mozilla/BasePrincipal.h"
+#include "nsIURI.h"
+#include "nsExternalProtocolHandler.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsReadableUtils.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+#include "nsContentUtils.h"
+#include "nsServiceManagerUtils.h"
+#include "nsIInterfaceRequestor.h"
+#include "nsIInterfaceRequestorUtils.h"
+#include "nsIRedirectHistoryEntry.h"
+#include "nsNetUtil.h"
+#include "nsContentSecurityManager.h"
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+
+// used to dispatch urls to default protocol handlers
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsIExternalProtocolService.h"
+#include "nsIChildChannel.h"
+#include "nsIParentChannel.h"
+
+class nsILoadInfo;
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// a stub channel implemenation which will map calls to AsyncRead and
+// OpenInputStream to calls in the OS for loading the url.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+class nsExtProtocolChannel : public nsIChannel,
+                             public nsIChildChannel,
+                             public nsIParentChannel {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_THREADSAFE_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSICHANNEL
+  NS_DECL_NSIREQUESTOBSERVER
+  NS_DECL_NSISTREAMLISTENER
+  NS_DECL_NSIREQUEST
+  NS_DECL_NSICHILDCHANNEL
+  NS_DECL_NSIPARENTCHANNEL
+
+  nsExtProtocolChannel(nsIURI* aURI, nsILoadInfo* aLoadInfo);
+
+ private:
+  virtual ~nsExtProtocolChannel();
+
+  nsresult OpenURL();
+  void Finish(nsresult aResult);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> mUrl;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> mOriginalURI;
+  nsresult mStatus;
+  nsLoadFlags mLoadFlags;
+  bool mWasOpened;
+  bool mCanceled;
+  // Set true (as a result of ConnectParent invoked from child process)
+  // when this channel is on the parent process and is being used as
+  // a redirect target channel.  It turns AsyncOpen into a no-op since
+  // we do it on the child.
+  bool mConnectedParent;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIInterfaceRequestor> mCallbacks;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILoadGroup> mLoadGroup;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILoadInfo> mLoadInfo;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIStreamListener> mListener;
+};
+
+NS_IMPL_ADDREF(nsExtProtocolChannel)
+NS_IMPL_RELEASE(nsExtProtocolChannel)
+
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_BEGIN(nsExtProtocolChannel)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY_AMBIGUOUS(nsISupports, nsIChannel)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIChannel)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIRequest)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIChildChannel)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIParentChannel)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIStreamListener)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIRequestObserver)
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_END
+
+nsExtProtocolChannel::nsExtProtocolChannel(nsIURI* aURI, nsILoadInfo* aLoadInfo)
+    : mUrl(aURI),
+      mOriginalURI(aURI),
+      mStatus(NS_OK),
+      mLoadFlags(nsIRequest::LOAD_NORMAL),
+      mWasOpened(false),
+      mCanceled(false),
+      mConnectedParent(false),
+      mLoadInfo(aLoadInfo) {}
+
+nsExtProtocolChannel::~nsExtProtocolChannel() {}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetLoadGroup(nsILoadGroup** aLoadGroup) {
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aLoadGroup = mLoadGroup);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetLoadGroup(nsILoadGroup* aLoadGroup) {
+  mLoadGroup = aLoadGroup;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetNotificationCallbacks(
+    nsIInterfaceRequestor** aCallbacks) {
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aCallbacks = mCallbacks);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetNotificationCallbacks(
+    nsIInterfaceRequestor* aCallbacks) {
+  mCallbacks = aCallbacks;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExtProtocolChannel::GetSecurityInfo(
+    nsITransportSecurityInfo** aSecurityInfo) {
+  *aSecurityInfo = nullptr;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetOriginalURI(nsIURI** aURI) {
+  NS_ADDREF(*aURI = mOriginalURI);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetOriginalURI(nsIURI* aURI) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(aURI);
+  mOriginalURI = aURI;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetURI(nsIURI** aURI) {
+  *aURI = mUrl;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aURI);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsExtProtocolChannel::OpenURL() {
+  nsresult rv = NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIExternalProtocolService> extProtService(
+      do_GetService(NS_EXTERNALPROTOCOLSERVICE_CONTRACTID));
+
+  if (extProtService) {
+#ifdef DEBUG
+    nsAutoCString urlScheme;
+    mUrl->GetScheme(urlScheme);
+    bool haveHandler = false;
+    extProtService->ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(urlScheme.get(),
+                                                  &haveHandler);
+    NS_ASSERTION(haveHandler,
+                 "Why do we have a channel for this url if we don't support "
+                 "the protocol?");
+#endif
+
+    RefPtr<mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext> ctx;
+    rv = mLoadInfo->GetTargetBrowsingContext(getter_AddRefs(ctx));
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+      goto finish;
+    }
+
+    RefPtr<nsIPrincipal> triggeringPrincipal = mLoadInfo->TriggeringPrincipal();
+    RefPtr<nsIPrincipal> redirectPrincipal;
+    if (!mLoadInfo->RedirectChain().IsEmpty()) {
+      mLoadInfo->RedirectChain().LastElement()->GetPrincipal(
+          getter_AddRefs(redirectPrincipal));
+    }
+    rv = extProtService->LoadURI(mUrl, triggeringPrincipal, redirectPrincipal,
+                                 ctx, mLoadInfo->GetLoadTriggeredFromExternal(),
+                                 mLoadInfo->GetHasValidUserGestureActivation());
+
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && mListener) {
+      mStatus = NS_ERROR_NO_CONTENT;
+
+      RefPtr<nsExtProtocolChannel> self = this;
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIStreamListener> listener = mListener;
+      MessageLoop::current()->PostTask(NS_NewRunnableFunction(
+          "nsExtProtocolChannel::OpenURL", [self, listener]() {
+            listener->OnStartRequest(self);
+            listener->OnStopRequest(self, self->mStatus);
+          }));
+    }
+  }
+
+finish:
+  mCallbacks = nullptr;
+  mListener = nullptr;
+  return rv;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::Open(nsIInputStream** aStream) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIStreamListener> listener;
+  nsresult rv =
+      nsContentSecurityManager::doContentSecurityCheck(this, listener);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  return OpenURL();
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::AsyncOpen(nsIStreamListener* aListener) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIStreamListener> listener = aListener;
+  nsresult rv =
+      nsContentSecurityManager::doContentSecurityCheck(this, listener);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    mCallbacks = nullptr;
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  if (mConnectedParent) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  MOZ_ASSERT(
+      mLoadInfo->GetSecurityMode() == 0 ||
+          mLoadInfo->GetInitialSecurityCheckDone() ||
+          (mLoadInfo->GetSecurityMode() ==
+               nsILoadInfo::SEC_ALLOW_CROSS_ORIGIN_SEC_CONTEXT_IS_NULL &&
+           mLoadInfo->GetLoadingPrincipal() &&
+           mLoadInfo->GetLoadingPrincipal()->IsSystemPrincipal()),
+      "security flags in loadInfo but doContentSecurityCheck() not called");
+
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(listener);
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(!mWasOpened, NS_ERROR_ALREADY_OPENED);
+
+  mWasOpened = true;
+  mListener = listener;
+
+  return OpenURL();
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetLoadFlags(nsLoadFlags* aLoadFlags) {
+  *aLoadFlags = mLoadFlags;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetLoadFlags(nsLoadFlags aLoadFlags) {
+  mLoadFlags = aLoadFlags;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetTRRMode(nsIRequest::TRRMode* aTRRMode) {
+  return GetTRRModeImpl(aTRRMode);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetTRRMode(nsIRequest::TRRMode aTRRMode) {
+  return SetTRRModeImpl(aTRRMode);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetIsDocument(bool* aIsDocument) {
+  return NS_GetIsDocumentChannel(this, aIsDocument);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetContentType(nsACString& aContentType) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetContentType(
+    const nsACString& aContentType) {
+  return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetContentCharset(
+    nsACString& aContentCharset) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetContentCharset(
+    const nsACString& aContentCharset) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetContentDisposition(
+    uint32_t* aContentDisposition) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetContentDisposition(
+    uint32_t aContentDisposition) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetContentDispositionFilename(
+    nsAString& aContentDispositionFilename) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetContentDispositionFilename(
+    const nsAString& aContentDispositionFilename) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetContentDispositionHeader(
+    nsACString& aContentDispositionHeader) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetContentLength(int64_t* aContentLength) {
+  *aContentLength = -1;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExtProtocolChannel::SetContentLength(int64_t aContentLength) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE("SetContentLength");
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetOwner(nsISupports** aPrincipal) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetOwner(nsISupports* aPrincipal) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetLoadInfo(nsILoadInfo** aLoadInfo) {
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aLoadInfo = mLoadInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetLoadInfo(nsILoadInfo* aLoadInfo) {
+  MOZ_RELEASE_ASSERT(aLoadInfo, "loadinfo can't be null");
+  mLoadInfo = aLoadInfo;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// From nsIRequest
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetName(nsACString& result) {
+  return mUrl->GetSpec(result);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::IsPending(bool* result) {
+  *result = false;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetStatus(nsresult* status) {
+  *status = mStatus;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetCanceledReason(
+    const nsACString& aReason) {
+  return SetCanceledReasonImpl(aReason);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetCanceledReason(nsACString& aReason) {
+  return GetCanceledReasonImpl(aReason);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::CancelWithReason(
+    nsresult aStatus, const nsACString& aReason) {
+  return CancelWithReasonImpl(aStatus, aReason);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::Cancel(nsresult status) {
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(mStatus)) {
+    mStatus = status;
+  }
+  mCanceled = true;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetCanceled(bool* aCanceled) {
+  *aCanceled = mCanceled;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::Suspend() {
+  MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE("Suspend");
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::Resume() {
+  MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE("Resume");
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// From nsIChildChannel
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::ConnectParent(uint32_t registrarId) {
+  mozilla::dom::ContentChild::GetSingleton()
+      ->SendExtProtocolChannelConnectParent(registrarId);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::CompleteRedirectSetup(
+    nsIStreamListener* listener) {
+  // For redirects to external protocols we AsyncOpen on the child
+  // (not the parent) because child channel has the right docshell
+  // (which is needed for the select dialog).
+  return AsyncOpen(listener);
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// From nsIParentChannel (derives from nsIStreamListener)
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetParentListener(
+    mozilla::net::ParentChannelListener* aListener) {
+  // This is called as part of the connect parent operation from
+  // ContentParent::RecvExtProtocolChannelConnectParent.  Setting
+  // this flag tells this channel to not proceed and makes AsyncOpen
+  // just no-op.  Actual operation will happen from the child process
+  // via CompleteRedirectSetup call on the child channel.
+  mConnectedParent = true;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetClassifierMatchedInfo(
+    const nsACString& aList, const nsACString& aProvider,
+    const nsACString& aFullHash) {
+  // nothing to do
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::SetClassifierMatchedTrackingInfo(
+    const nsACString& aLists, const nsACString& aFullHashes) {
+  // nothing to do
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::NotifyClassificationFlags(
+    uint32_t aClassificationFlags, bool aIsThirdParty) {
+  // nothing to do
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::Delete() {
+  // nothing to do
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::GetRemoteType(nsACString& aRemoteType) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::OnStartRequest(nsIRequest* aRequest) {
+  return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::OnStopRequest(nsIRequest* aRequest,
+                                                  nsresult aStatusCode) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_FAILED(aStatusCode));
+  return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExtProtocolChannel::OnDataAvailable(
+    nsIRequest* aRequest, nsIInputStream* aInputStream, uint64_t aOffset,
+    uint32_t aCount) {
+  // no data is expected
+  MOZ_CRASH("No data expected from external protocol channel");
+  return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// the default protocol handler implementation
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+nsExternalProtocolHandler::nsExternalProtocolHandler() {
+  m_schemeName = "default";
+}
+
+nsExternalProtocolHandler::~nsExternalProtocolHandler() {}
+
+NS_IMPL_ADDREF(nsExternalProtocolHandler)
+NS_IMPL_RELEASE(nsExternalProtocolHandler)
+
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_BEGIN(nsExternalProtocolHandler)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY_AMBIGUOUS(nsISupports, nsIProtocolHandler)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIProtocolHandler)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIExternalProtocolHandler)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsISupportsWeakReference)
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_END
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalProtocolHandler::GetScheme(nsACString& aScheme) {
+  aScheme = m_schemeName;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalProtocolHandler::AllowPort(int32_t port, const char* scheme,
+                                     bool* _retval) {
+  // don't override anything.
+  *_retval = false;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+// returns TRUE if the OS can handle this protocol scheme and false otherwise.
+bool nsExternalProtocolHandler::HaveExternalProtocolHandler(nsIURI* aURI) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(aURI);
+  nsAutoCString scheme;
+  aURI->GetScheme(scheme);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIExternalProtocolService> extProtSvc(
+      do_GetService(NS_EXTERNALPROTOCOLSERVICE_CONTRACTID));
+  if (!extProtSvc) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bool haveHandler = false;
+  extProtSvc->ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(scheme.get(), &haveHandler);
+  return haveHandler;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsExternalProtocolHandler::NewChannel(nsIURI* aURI, nsILoadInfo* aLoadInfo,
+                                      nsIChannel** aRetval) {
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(aURI, NS_ERROR_UNKNOWN_PROTOCOL);
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(aRetval, NS_ERROR_UNKNOWN_PROTOCOL);
+
+  // Only try to return a channel if we have a protocol handler for the url.
+  // nsOSHelperAppService::LoadUriInternal relies on this to check trustedness
+  // for some platforms at least.  (win uses ::ShellExecute and unix uses
+  // gnome_url_show.)
+  if (!HaveExternalProtocolHandler(aURI)) {
+    return NS_ERROR_UNKNOWN_PROTOCOL;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIChannel> channel = new nsExtProtocolChannel(aURI, aLoadInfo);
+  channel.forget(aRetval);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// External protocol handler interface implementation
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsExternalProtocolHandler::ExternalAppExistsForScheme(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, bool* _retval) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIExternalProtocolService> extProtSvc(
+      do_GetService(NS_EXTERNALPROTOCOLSERVICE_CONTRACTID));
+  if (extProtSvc)
+    return extProtSvc->ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(
+        PromiseFlatCString(aScheme).get(), _retval);
+
+  // In case we don't have external protocol service.
+  *_retval = false;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalProtocolHandler.h b/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalProtocolHandler.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..373223bc39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsExternalProtocolHandler.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsExternalProtocolHandler_h___
+#define nsExternalProtocolHandler_h___
+
+#include "nsIExternalProtocolHandler.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsWeakReference.h"
+#include "mozilla/Attributes.h"
+
+class nsIURI;
+
+// protocol handlers need to support weak references if we want the netlib
+// nsIOService to cache them.
+class nsExternalProtocolHandler final : public nsIExternalProtocolHandler,
+                                        public nsSupportsWeakReference {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_THREADSAFE_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIPROTOCOLHANDLER
+  NS_DECL_NSIEXTERNALPROTOCOLHANDLER
+
+  nsExternalProtocolHandler();
+
+ protected:
+  ~nsExternalProtocolHandler();
+
+  // helper function
+  bool HaveExternalProtocolHandler(nsIURI* aURI);
+  nsCString m_schemeName;
+};
+
+#endif  // nsExternalProtocolHandler_h___
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsIContentDispatchChooser.idl b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIContentDispatchChooser.idl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00d61e575b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIContentDispatchChooser.idl
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsISupports.idl"
+
+interface nsIHandlerInfo;
+interface nsIPrincipal;
+interface nsIURI;
+webidl BrowsingContext;
+
+/**
+ * This is used to ask a user what they would like to do with a given piece of
+ * content.
+ */
+[scriptable, uuid(456ca3b2-02be-4f97-89a2-08c08d3ad88f)]
+interface nsIContentDispatchChooser : nsISupports {
+ /**
+  * Opens the handler associated with the given resource.
+  * If the caller does not have permission or no handler is set, we ask the
+  * user to grant permission and pick a handler.
+  *
+  * @param aHander
+  *        The interface describing the details of how this content should or
+  *        can be handled.
+  * @param aURI
+  *        The URI of the resource that we are asking about.
+  * @param aTriggeringPrincipal
+  *        The principal making the request.
+  * @param aBrowsingContext
+  *        The browsing context where the load should happen.
+  * @param aWasTriggeredExternally
+  *        True if the load was tripped by an external app.
+  */
+  void handleURI(in nsIHandlerInfo aHandler,
+           in nsIURI aURI,
+           in nsIPrincipal aTriggeringPrincipal,
+           in BrowsingContext aBrowsingContext,
+           [optional] in bool aWasTriggeredExternally);
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsIExternalHelperAppService.idl b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIExternalHelperAppService.idl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..307e6196a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIExternalHelperAppService.idl
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsICancelable.idl"
+
+interface nsIURI;
+interface nsIRequest;
+interface nsIStreamListener;
+interface nsIFile;
+interface nsIMIMEInfo;
+interface nsIWebProgressListener2;
+interface nsIInterfaceRequestor;
+webidl BrowsingContext;
+
+/**
+ * The external helper app service is used for finding and launching
+ * platform specific external applications for a given mime content type.
+ */
+[scriptable, uuid(1E4F3AE1-B737-431F-A95D-31FA8DA70199)]
+interface nsIExternalHelperAppService : nsISupports
+{
+  /**
+   * Binds an external helper application to a stream listener. The caller
+   * should pump data into the returned stream listener. When the OnStopRequest
+   * is issued, the stream listener implementation will launch the helper app
+   * with this data.
+   * @param aMimeContentType The content type of the incoming data
+   * @param aRequest The request corresponding to the incoming data
+   * @param aContentContext Used in processing content document refresh
+   *  headers after target content is downloaded.
+   * @param aForceSave True to always save this content to disk, regardless of
+   *  nsIMIMEInfo and other such influences.
+   * @param aWindowContext Used in parenting helper app dialogs, usually
+   *  points to the parent browser window. This parameter may be null,
+   *  in which case dialogs will be parented to aContentContext.
+   * @return A nsIStreamListener which the caller should pump the data into.
+   */
+  nsIStreamListener doContent (in ACString aMimeContentType,
+                               in nsIRequest aRequest,
+                               in nsIInterfaceRequestor aContentContext,
+                               in boolean aForceSave,
+                               [optional] in nsIInterfaceRequestor aWindowContext);
+
+  /**
+   * Binds an external helper application to a stream listener. The caller
+   * should pump data into the returned stream listener. When the OnStopRequest
+   * is issued, the stream listener implementation will launch the helper app
+   * with this data.
+   * Replaces doContent for native code, and uses BrowsingContext.
+   *
+   * @param aMimeContentType The content type of the incoming data
+   * @param aRequest The request corresponding to the incoming data
+   * @param aContentContext The BrowsingContext that the request was initiated
+   *  by. Used for closing the window if we opened one specifically for this download.
+   * @param aForceSave True to always save this content to disk, regardless of
+   *  nsIMIMEInfo and other such influences.
+   * @param aWindowContext Used in parenting helper app dialogs, usually
+   *  points to the parent browser window. This parameter may be null,
+   *  in which case dialogs will be parented to aContentContext.
+   * @return A nsIStreamListener which the caller should pump the data into.
+   */
+  nsIStreamListener createListener (in ACString aMimeContentType,
+                                                   in nsIRequest aRequest,
+                                                   in BrowsingContext aContentContext,
+                                                   in boolean aForceSave,
+                                                   [optional] in nsIInterfaceRequestor aWindowContext);
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if data from a URL with this extension combination
+   * is to be decoded from aEncodingType prior to saving or passing
+   * off to helper apps, false otherwise.
+   */
+  boolean applyDecodingForExtension(in AUTF8String aExtension,
+                                    in ACString aEncodingType);
+
+};
+
+/**
+ * This is a private interface shared between external app handlers and the platform specific
+ * external helper app service
+ */
+[scriptable, uuid(6613e2e7-feab-4e3a-bb1f-b03200d544ec)]
+interface nsPIExternalAppLauncher : nsISupports
+{
+  /**
+   * mscott --> eventually I should move this into a new service so other
+   * consumers can add temporary files they want deleted on exit.
+   * @param aTemporaryFile A temporary file we should delete on exit.
+   */
+  void deleteTemporaryFileOnExit(in nsIFile aTemporaryFile);
+  /**
+   * Delete a temporary file created inside private browsing mode when
+   * the private browsing mode has ended.
+   */
+  void deleteTemporaryPrivateFileWhenPossible(in nsIFile aTemporaryFile);
+};
+
+/**
+ * A helper app launcher is a small object created to handle the launching
+ * of an external application.
+ *
+ * Note that cancelling the load via the nsICancelable interface will release
+ * the reference to the launcher dialog.
+ */
+[scriptable, uuid(acf2a516-7d7f-4771-8b22-6c4a559c088e)]
+interface nsIHelperAppLauncher : nsICancelable
+{
+  /**
+   * The mime info object associated with the content type this helper app
+   * launcher is currently attempting to load
+   */
+  readonly attribute nsIMIMEInfo MIMEInfo;
+
+  /**
+   * The source uri
+   */
+  readonly attribute nsIURI source;
+
+  /**
+   * The suggested name for this file
+   */
+  readonly attribute AString suggestedFileName;
+
+  /**
+   * Saves the final destination of the file.
+   * NOTE: This will release the reference to the nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog.
+   */
+  void promptForSaveDestination();
+
+  /**
+   * Tell the launcher that we will want to open the file.
+   * NOTE: This will release the reference to the nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog.
+   * @param aHandleInternally TRUE if we should handle opening this internally.
+   * @param aNewFileLocation a preferred location choosen through the File Picker.
+   * Null if going through the fast save without File Picker.
+   */
+  void setDownloadToLaunch(in boolean aHandleInternally, in nsIFile aFile);
+
+
+  /**
+   * Use the MIMEInfo associated with us to open a file that is already local.
+   * Will no-op if `source` is not a local file.
+   */
+  void launchLocalFile();
+
+  /**
+   * Callback invoked by nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog::promptForSaveToFileAsync
+   * after the user has chosen a file through the File Picker (or dismissed it).
+   * @param aFile The file that was chosen by the user (or null if dialog was dismissed).
+   * @param aDialogWasShown Optional boolean - false by default. Pass true if a
+   *  dialog was opened in the process of reaching this file result. If true, we
+   *  suppress the opening of the downloads panel to avoid redundancy.
+   */
+  void saveDestinationAvailable(in nsIFile aFile, [optional] in boolean aDialogWasShown);
+
+  /**
+   * The following methods are used by the progress dialog to get or set
+   * information on the current helper app launcher download.
+   * This reference will be released when the download is finished (after the
+   * listener receives the STATE_STOP notification).
+   */
+  void setWebProgressListener(in nsIWebProgressListener2 aWebProgressListener);
+
+  /**
+   * The file we are saving to
+   */
+  readonly attribute nsIFile targetFile;
+
+  /**
+   * The executable-ness of the target file
+   */
+  readonly attribute boolean targetFileIsExecutable;
+
+  /**
+   * Time when the download started
+   */
+  readonly attribute PRTime timeDownloadStarted;
+
+  /**
+   * The download content length, or -1 if the length is not available.
+   */
+  readonly attribute int64_t contentLength;
+
+  /**
+   * The browsingContext ID of the launcher's source
+   */
+  readonly attribute uint64_t browsingContextId;
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsIExternalProtocolService.idl b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIExternalProtocolService.idl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d714035e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIExternalProtocolService.idl
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsISupports.idl"
+
+interface nsIURI;
+interface nsIFile;
+interface nsIPrincipal;
+interface nsIInterfaceRequestor;
+interface nsIHandlerInfo;
+
+webidl BrowsingContext;
+
+/**
+ * The external protocol service is used for finding and launching
+ * web handlers (a la registerProtocolHandler in the HTML5 draft) or
+ * platform-specific applications for handling particular protocols.
+ *
+ * You can ask the external protocol service if it has an external
+ * handler for a given protocol scheme. And you can ask it to load
+ * the url using the default handler.
+ */
+[scriptable, uuid(70f93b7a-3ec6-4bcb-b093-92d9984c9f83)]
+interface nsIExternalProtocolService : nsISupports
+{
+  /**
+   * Check whether a handler for a specific protocol exists.  Specifically,
+   * this looks to see whether there are any known possible application handlers
+   * in either the nsIHandlerService datastore or registered with the OS.
+   *
+   * @param aProtocolScheme The scheme from a url: http, ftp, mailto, etc.
+   *
+   * @return true if we have a handler and false otherwise.
+   *
+   * XXX shouldn't aProtocolScheme be an ACString like nsIURI::scheme?
+   */
+  boolean externalProtocolHandlerExists(in string aProtocolScheme);
+
+  /**
+   * Check whether a handler for a specific protocol is "exposed" as a visible
+   * feature of the current application.
+   *
+   * An exposed protocol handler is one that can be used in all contexts.  A
+   * non-exposed protocol handler is one that can only be used internally by the
+   * application.  For example, a non-exposed protocol would not be loaded by the
+   * application in response to a link click or a X-remote openURL command.
+   * Instead, it would be deferred to the system's external protocol handler.
+   * XXX shouldn't aProtocolScheme be an ACString like nsIURI::scheme?
+   */
+  boolean isExposedProtocol(in string aProtocolScheme);
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieve the handler for the given protocol.  If neither the application
+   * nor the OS knows about a handler for the protocol, the object this method
+   * returns will represent a default handler for unknown content.
+   *
+   * @param aProtocolScheme the scheme from a URL: http, ftp, mailto, etc.
+   *
+   * Note: aProtocolScheme should not include a trailing colon, which is part
+   * of the URI syntax, not part of the scheme itself (i.e. pass "mailto" not
+   * "mailto:").
+   *
+   * @return the handler, if any; otherwise a default handler
+   */
+  nsIHandlerInfo getProtocolHandlerInfo(in ACString aProtocolScheme);
+
+  /**
+   * Given a scheme, looks up the protocol info from the OS.  This should be
+   * overridden by each OS's implementation.
+   *
+   * @param aScheme The protocol scheme we are looking for.
+   * @param aFound  Was an OS default handler for this scheme found?
+   * @return An nsIHanderInfo for the protocol.
+   */
+  nsIHandlerInfo getProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(in ACString aProtocolScheme,
+                                              out boolean aFound);
+
+  /**
+   * Set some sane defaults for a protocol handler object.
+   *
+   * @param aHandlerInfo      nsIHandlerInfo object, as returned by
+   *                          getProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS
+   * @param aOSHandlerExists  was the object above created for an extant
+   *                          OS default handler?  This is generally the
+   *                          value of the aFound out param from
+   *                          getProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS.
+   */
+  void setProtocolHandlerDefaults(in nsIHandlerInfo aHandlerInfo,
+                                  in boolean aOSHandlerExists);
+
+  /**
+   * Used to load a URI via an external application. Might prompt the user for
+   * permission to load the external application.
+   *
+   * @param aURI
+   *        The URI to load
+   *
+   * @param aTriggeringPrincipal
+   *        The principal triggering this load.
+   *
+   * @param aRedirectPrincipal
+   *        The last post-redirect principal triggering this load.
+   *        Used for display and permission purposes. If null, we'll
+   *        use the triggering principal.
+   *
+   * @param aBrowsingContext
+   *        The context to parent the dialog against, and, if a web handler
+   *        is chosen, it is loaded in this window as well.  This parameter
+   *        may be ultimately passed nsIURILoader.openURI in the case of a
+   *        web handler, and aWindowContext is null or not present, web
+   *        handlers will fail.  We need to do better than that; bug 394483
+   *        filed in order to track.
+   *
+   * @param aWasTriggeredExternally
+   *        If true, indicates the load was initiated by an external app.
+   *
+   * @param aHasValidUserGestureActivation
+   *        Whether the document that triggered the load had user activation.
+   *        Used for sandbox checks.
+   *
+   * @note  Embedders that do not expose the http protocol should not currently
+   *        use web-based protocol handlers, as handoff won't work correctly
+   *        (bug 394479).
+   */
+  void loadURI(in nsIURI aURI,
+               [optional] in nsIPrincipal aTriggeringPrincipal,
+               [optional] in nsIPrincipal aRedirectPrincipal,
+               [optional] in BrowsingContext aBrowsingContext,
+               [optional] in bool aWasTriggeredExternally,
+               [optional] in bool aHasValidUserGestureActivation);
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a human-readable description for the application responsible for
+   * handling a specific protocol.
+   *
+   * @param aScheme The scheme to look up. For example, "mms".
+   *
+   * @throw NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED
+   *        If getting descriptions for protocol helpers is not supported
+   * @throw NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE
+   *        If no protocol helper exists for this scheme, or if it is not
+   *        possible to get a description for it.
+   */
+  AString getApplicationDescription(in AUTF8String aScheme);
+
+  /**
+   * Check if this app is registered as the OS default for a given scheme.
+   *
+   * @param aScheme The scheme to look up. For example, "mms".
+   */
+  bool isCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(in AUTF8String aScheme);
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsIHandlerService.idl b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIHandlerService.idl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..890c8ab59d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIHandlerService.idl
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsISupports.idl"
+
+interface nsIHandlerInfo;
+interface nsISimpleEnumerator;
+interface nsIMIMEInfo;
+
+[scriptable, uuid(53f0ad17-ec62-46a1-adbc-efccc06babcd)]
+interface nsIHandlerService : nsISupports
+{
+  /**
+   * Asynchronously performs any IO that the nsIHandlerService needs to do
+   * before it can be of use.
+   */
+  void asyncInit();
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieve a list of all handlers in the datastore.  This list is not
+   * guaranteed to be in any particular order, and callers should not assume
+   * it will remain in the same order in the future.
+   *
+   * @returns a list of all handlers in the datastore
+   */
+  nsISimpleEnumerator enumerate();
+
+  /**
+   * Fill a handler info object with information from the datastore.
+   *
+   * Note: because of the way the external helper app service currently mixes
+   * OS and user handler info in the same handler info object, this method
+   * takes an existing handler info object (probably retrieved from the OS)
+   * and "fills it in" with information from the datastore, overriding any
+   * existing properties on the object with properties from the datastore.
+   *
+   * Ultimately, however, we're going to separate OS and user handler info
+   * into separate objects, at which point this method should be renamed to
+   * something like "get" or "retrieve", take a class and type (or perhaps
+   * a type whose class can be determined by querying the type, for example
+   * an nsIContentType which is also an nsIMIMEType or an nsIProtocolScheme),
+   * and return a handler info object representing only the user info.
+   *
+   * Note: if you specify an override type, then the service will fill in
+   * the handler info object with information about that type instead of
+   * the type specified by the object's nsIHandlerInfo::type attribute.
+   *
+   * This is useful when you are trying to retrieve information about a MIME
+   * type that doesn't exist in the datastore, but you have a file extension
+   * for that type, and nsIHandlerService::getTypeFromExtension returns another
+   * MIME type that does exist in the datastore and can handle that extension.
+   *
+   * For example, the user clicks on a link, and the content has a MIME type
+   * that isn't in the datastore, but the link has a file extension, and that
+   * extension is associated with another MIME type in the datastore (perhaps
+   * an unofficial MIME type preceded an official one, like with image/x-png
+   * and image/png).
+   *
+   * In that situation, you can call this method to fill in the handler info
+   * object with information about that other type by passing the other type
+   * as the aOverrideType parameter.
+   *
+   * @param aHandlerInfo   the handler info object
+   * @param aOverrideType  a type to use instead of aHandlerInfo::type
+   *
+   * Note: if there is no information in the datastore about this type,
+   * this method throws NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE. Callers are encouraged to
+   * check exists() before calling fillHandlerInfo(), to prevent spamming the
+   * console with XPCOM exception errors.
+   */
+  void fillHandlerInfo(in nsIHandlerInfo aHandlerInfo,
+                       in ACString aOverrideType);
+
+  /**
+   * Save the preferred action, preferred handler, possible handlers, and
+   * always ask properties of the given handler info object to the datastore.
+   * Updates an existing record or creates a new one if necessary.
+   *
+   * Note: if preferred action is undefined or invalid, then we assume
+   * the default value nsIHandlerInfo::useHelperApp.
+   *
+   * @param aHandlerInfo  the handler info object
+   */
+  void store(in nsIHandlerInfo aHandlerInfo);
+
+  /**
+   * Whether or not a record for the given handler info object exists
+   * in the datastore. If the datastore is corrupt (or some other error
+   * is caught in the implementation), false will be returned.
+   *
+   * @param aHandlerInfo  a handler info object
+   *
+   * @returns whether or not a record exists
+   */
+  boolean exists(in nsIHandlerInfo aHandlerInfo);
+
+  /**
+   * Remove the given handler info object from the datastore.  Deletes all
+   * records associated with the object, including the preferred handler, info,
+   * and type records plus the entry in the list of types, if they exist.
+   * Otherwise, it does nothing and does not return an error.
+   *
+   * @param aHandlerInfo  the handler info object
+   */
+  void remove(in nsIHandlerInfo aHandlerInfo);
+
+  /**
+   * Get the MIME type mapped to the given file extension in the datastore.
+   *
+   * XXX If we ever support extension -> protocol scheme mappings, then this
+   * method should work for those as well.
+   *
+   * Note: in general, you should use nsIMIMEService::getTypeFromExtension
+   * to get a MIME type from a file extension, as that method checks a variety
+   * of other sources besides just the datastore.  Use this only when you want
+   * to specifically get only the mapping available in the datastore.
+   *
+   * @param aFileExtension  the file extension
+   *
+   * @returns the MIME type, if any; otherwise returns an empty string ("").
+   */
+  ACString getTypeFromExtension(in ACString aFileExtension);
+
+  /**
+   * Whether or not there is a handler known to the OS for the
+   * specified protocol type.
+   *
+   * @param aProtocolScheme scheme to check for support
+   *
+   * @returns whether or not a handler exists
+   */
+  boolean existsForProtocolOS(in ACString aProtocolScheme);
+
+  /**
+   * Whether or not there is a handler in the datastore or OS for
+   * the specified protocol type. If there is no handler in the datastore,
+   * falls back to a check for an OS handler.
+   *
+   * @param aProtocolScheme scheme to check for support
+   *
+   * @returns whether or not a handler exists
+   */
+  boolean existsForProtocol(in ACString aProtocolScheme);
+
+  /*
+   * This method only exists for nsOSHelperAppServiceChild using
+   * the ContentHandlerService implementation.
+   *
+   * Returns an nsIMIMEInfo for the provided MIME type and extension
+   * obtained from an OS lookup. If no handler is found for the type and
+   * extension, returns a generic nsIMIMEInfo object. The MIME type and
+   * extension can be the empty string. When the type and extension don't
+   * map to the same handler, the semantics/resolution are platform
+   * specific. See the platform implementations for details.
+   *
+   * @param aType           The MIME type to get handler information for.
+   * @param aFileExtension  The filename extension to use either alone
+   *                        or with the MIME type to get handler information
+   *                        for. UTF-8 encoded.
+   * @param [out] aFound    Out param indicating whether a MIMEInfo could
+   *                        be found for the provided type and/or extension.
+   *                        Set to false when neither extension nor the MIME
+   *                        type are mapped to a handler.
+   * @return                A nsIMIMEInfo object. This function must return
+   *                        a MIMEInfo object if it can allocate one. The
+   *                        only justifiable reason for not returning one is
+   *                        an out-of-memory error.
+   */
+  [noscript] nsIMIMEInfo getMIMEInfoFromOS(in ACString aType,
+                                           in ACString aFileExtension,
+                                           out boolean aFound);
+
+  /*
+   * Get a description for the application responsible for handling
+   * the provided protocol.
+   */
+  AString getApplicationDescription(in ACString aProtocolScheme);
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog.idl b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog.idl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a7f76b7da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog.idl
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsISupports.idl"
+
+interface nsIHelperAppLauncher;
+interface nsIFile;
+interface nsIInterfaceRequestor;
+
+/**
+ * This interface is used to display a confirmation dialog before
+ * launching a "helper app" to handle content not handled by
+ * Mozilla.
+ *
+ * Usage:  Clients (of which there is one: the nsIExternalHelperAppService
+ * implementation in mozilla/uriloader/exthandler) create an instance of
+ * this interface (using the contract ID) and then call the show() method.
+ *
+ * The dialog is shown non-modally.  The implementation of the dialog
+ * will access methods of the nsIHelperAppLauncher passed in to show()
+ * in order to cause a "save to disk" or "open using" action.
+ */
+[scriptable, uuid(bfc739f3-8d75-4034-a6f8-1039a5996bad)]
+interface nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog : nsISupports {
+  /**
+   * This request is passed to the helper app dialog because Gecko can not
+   * handle content of this type.
+   */
+  const unsigned long REASON_CANTHANDLE = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * The server requested external handling.
+   */
+  const unsigned long REASON_SERVERREQUEST = 1;
+
+  /**
+   * Gecko detected that the type sent by the server (e.g. text/plain) does
+   * not match the actual type.
+   */
+  const unsigned long REASON_TYPESNIFFED = 2;
+
+  /**
+   * Show confirmation dialog for launching application (or "save to
+   * disk") for content specified by aLauncher.
+   *
+   * @param aLauncher
+   *        A nsIHelperAppLauncher to be invoked when a file is selected.
+   * @param aWindowContext
+   *        Window associated with action.
+   * @param aReason
+   *        One of the constants from above. It indicates why the dialog is
+   *        shown. Implementors should treat unknown reasons like
+   *        REASON_CANTHANDLE.
+   */
+  void show(in nsIHelperAppLauncher aLauncher,
+            in nsIInterfaceRequestor aWindowContext,
+            in unsigned long aReason);
+
+  /**
+   * Async invoke a save-to-file dialog instead of the full fledged helper app
+   * dialog. When the file is chosen (or the dialog is closed), the callback
+   * in aLauncher (aLauncher.saveDestinationAvailable) is called with the
+   * selected file.
+   *
+   * @param aLauncher
+   *        A nsIHelperAppLauncher to be invoked when a file is selected.
+   * @param aWindowContext
+   *        Window associated with action.
+   * @param aDefaultFileName
+   *        Default file name to provide (can be null)
+   * @param aSuggestedFileExtension
+   *        Sugested file extension
+   * @param aForcePrompt
+   *        Set to true to force prompting the user for thet file
+   *        name/location, otherwise perferences may control if the user is
+   *        prompted.
+   */
+  void promptForSaveToFileAsync(in nsIHelperAppLauncher aLauncher,
+                                in nsIInterfaceRequestor aWindowContext,
+                                in wstring aDefaultFileName,
+                                in wstring aSuggestedFileExtension,
+                                in boolean aForcePrompt);
+};
+
+
+%{C++
+#define NS_HELPERAPPLAUNCHERDLG_CONTRACTID    "@mozilla.org/helperapplauncherdialog;1"
+%}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsISharingHandlerApp.idl b/uriloader/exthandler/nsISharingHandlerApp.idl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f497b6531
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsISharingHandlerApp.idl
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.idl"
+
+[scriptable, uuid(7111f769-53ec-41fd-b314-613661d5b6ba)]
+interface nsISharingHandlerApp : nsIHandlerApp
+{
+  void share(in AString data, [optional] in AString title);
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsLocalHandlerApp.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/nsLocalHandlerApp.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6212d2aeb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsLocalHandlerApp.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsLocalHandlerApp.h"
+#include "nsIURI.h"
+#include "nsIProcess.h"
+#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
+
+// XXX why does nsMIMEInfoImpl have a threadsafe nsISupports?  do we need one
+// here too?
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(nsLocalHandlerApp, nsILocalHandlerApp, nsIHandlerApp)
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//// nsIHandlerApp
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsLocalHandlerApp::GetName(nsAString& aName) {
+  if (mName.IsEmpty() && mExecutable) {
+    // Don't want to cache this, just in case someone resets the app
+    // without changing the description....
+    mExecutable->GetLeafName(aName);
+  } else {
+    aName.Assign(mName);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsLocalHandlerApp::SetName(const nsAString& aName) {
+  mName.Assign(aName);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::SetDetailedDescription(const nsAString& aDescription) {
+  mDetailedDescription.Assign(aDescription);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::GetDetailedDescription(nsAString& aDescription) {
+  aDescription.Assign(mDetailedDescription);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::Equals(nsIHandlerApp* aHandlerApp, bool* _retval) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG_POINTER(aHandlerApp);
+
+  *_retval = false;
+
+  // If the handler app isn't a local handler app, then it's not the same app.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp> localHandlerApp = do_QueryInterface(aHandlerApp);
+  if (!localHandlerApp) return NS_OK;
+
+  // If either handler app doesn't have an executable, then they aren't
+  // the same app.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> executable;
+  nsresult rv = localHandlerApp->GetExecutable(getter_AddRefs(executable));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  // Equality for two empty nsIHandlerApp
+  if (!executable && !mExecutable) {
+    *_retval = true;
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // At least one is set so they are not equal
+  if (!mExecutable || !executable) return NS_OK;
+
+  // Check the command line parameter list lengths
+  uint32_t len;
+  localHandlerApp->GetParameterCount(&len);
+  if (mParameters.Length() != len) return NS_OK;
+
+  // Check the command line params lists
+  for (uint32_t idx = 0; idx < mParameters.Length(); idx++) {
+    nsAutoString param;
+    if (NS_FAILED(localHandlerApp->GetParameter(idx, param)) ||
+        !param.Equals(mParameters[idx]))
+      return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  return executable->Equals(mExecutable, _retval);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::LaunchWithURI(
+    nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) {
+  // pass the entire URI to the handler.
+  nsAutoCString spec;
+  aURI->GetAsciiSpec(spec);
+  return LaunchWithIProcess(spec);
+}
+
+nsresult nsLocalHandlerApp::LaunchWithIProcess(const nsCString& aArg) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIProcess> process = do_CreateInstance(NS_PROCESS_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv = process->Init(mExecutable))) return rv;
+
+  const char* string = aArg.get();
+
+  return process->Run(false, &string, 1);
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//// nsILocalHandlerApp
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::GetExecutable(nsIFile** aExecutable) {
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aExecutable = mExecutable);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::SetExecutable(nsIFile* aExecutable) {
+  mExecutable = aExecutable;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::GetParameterCount(uint32_t* aParameterCount) {
+  *aParameterCount = mParameters.Length();
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::ClearParameters() {
+  mParameters.Clear();
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::AppendParameter(const nsAString& aParam) {
+  mParameters.AppendElement(aParam);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::GetParameter(uint32_t parameterIndex, nsAString& _retval) {
+  if (mParameters.Length() <= parameterIndex) return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+
+  _retval.Assign(mParameters[parameterIndex]);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerApp::ParameterExists(const nsAString& aParam, bool* _retval) {
+  *_retval = mParameters.Contains(aParam);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsLocalHandlerApp.h b/uriloader/exthandler/nsLocalHandlerApp.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ea8e3e4fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsLocalHandlerApp.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef __nsLocalHandlerAppImpl_h__
+#define __nsLocalHandlerAppImpl_h__
+
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsTArray.h"
+
+class nsLocalHandlerApp : public nsILocalHandlerApp {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
+  NS_DECL_NSIHANDLERAPP
+  NS_DECL_NSILOCALHANDLERAPP
+
+  nsLocalHandlerApp() {}
+
+  nsLocalHandlerApp(const char16_t* aName, nsIFile* aExecutable)
+      : mName(aName), mExecutable(aExecutable) {}
+
+  nsLocalHandlerApp(const nsAString& aName, nsIFile* aExecutable)
+      : mName(aName), mExecutable(aExecutable) {}
+
+ protected:
+  virtual ~nsLocalHandlerApp() {}
+
+  nsString mName;
+  nsString mDetailedDescription;
+  nsTArray<nsString> mParameters;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> mExecutable;
+
+  /**
+   * Launches this application with a single argument (typically either
+   * a file path or a URI spec).  This is meant as a helper method for
+   * implementations of (e.g.) LaunchWithURI.
+   *
+   * @param aApp The application to launch (may not be null)
+   * @param aArg The argument to pass on the command line
+   */
+  nsresult LaunchWithIProcess(const nsCString& aArg);
+};
+
+// any platforms that need a platform-specific class instead of just
+// using nsLocalHandlerApp need to add an include and a typedef here.
+#ifdef XP_MACOSX
+#  ifndef NSLOCALHANDLERAPPMAC_H_
+#    include "mac/nsLocalHandlerAppMac.h"
+typedef nsLocalHandlerAppMac PlatformLocalHandlerApp_t;
+#  endif
+#else
+typedef nsLocalHandlerApp PlatformLocalHandlerApp_t;
+#endif
+
+#endif  //  __nsLocalHandlerAppImpl_h__
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoChild.h b/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoChild.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..707f19aa67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoChild.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsMIMEInfoChild_h
+#define nsMIMEInfoChild_h
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+
+/*
+ * A platform-generic nsMIMEInfo implementation to be used in child process
+ * generic code that needs a MIMEInfo with limited functionality.
+ */
+class nsChildProcessMIMEInfo : public nsMIMEInfoImpl {
+ public:
+  explicit nsChildProcessMIMEInfo(const char* aMIMEType = "")
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aMIMEType) {}
+
+  explicit nsChildProcessMIMEInfo(const nsACString& aMIMEType)
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aMIMEType) {}
+
+  nsChildProcessMIMEInfo(const nsACString& aType, HandlerClass aClass)
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aType, aClass) {}
+
+  NS_IMETHOD LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) override {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+  };
+
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefault(bool* _retval) override {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+  };
+
+ protected:
+  [[nodiscard]] virtual nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) override {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+  };
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  [[nodiscard]] virtual nsresult LaunchDefaultWithFile(
+      nsIFile* aFile) override {
+    return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+  }
+#endif
+  [[nodiscard]] static nsresult OpenApplicationWithURI(nsIFile* aApplication,
+                                                       const nsCString& aURI) {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+  }
+
+  NS_IMETHOD GetDefaultDescription(nsAString& aDefaultDescription) override {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+  };
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoImpl.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoImpl.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3616ab7fcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoImpl.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,526 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim:set ts=2 sw=2 sts=2 et: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsReadableUtils.h"
+#include "nsStringEnumerator.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsIFileURL.h"
+#include "nsEscape.h"
+#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
+#include "nsCURILoader.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsIExternalProtocolService.h"
+#include "nsIObserverService.h"
+#include "nsISupportsPrimitives.h"
+#include "mozilla/ClearOnShutdown.h"
+#include "mozilla/Services.h"
+#include "mozilla/StaticPtr.h"
+#include "mozilla/StaticPrefs_browser.h"
+#include "xpcpublic.h"
+
+static bool sInitializedOurData = false;
+mozilla::StaticRefPtr<nsIFile> sOurAppFile;
+
+/* static */
+already_AddRefed<nsIFile> nsMIMEInfoBase::GetCanonicalExecutable(
+    nsIFile* aFile) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> binary = aFile;
+#ifdef XP_MACOSX
+  nsAutoString path;
+  if (binary) {
+    binary->GetPath(path);
+  }
+  if (!StringEndsWith(path, u".app"_ns) && path.RFind(u".app/"_ns) == -1) {
+    // This shouldn't ever happen with Firefox's own binary, tracked in
+    // sOurAppFile, but might happen when called with other files.
+    return binary.forget();
+  }
+  nsAutoString leafName;
+  if (binary) {
+    binary->GetLeafName(leafName);
+  }
+  while (binary && !StringEndsWith(leafName, u".app"_ns)) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> parent;
+    binary->GetParent(getter_AddRefs(parent));
+    binary = std::move(parent);
+    if (binary) {
+      binary->GetLeafName(leafName);
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  return binary.forget();
+}
+
+static void EnsureAppDetailsAvailable() {
+  if (sInitializedOurData) {
+    return;
+  }
+  sInitializedOurData = true;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> binary;
+  XRE_GetBinaryPath(getter_AddRefs(binary));
+  sOurAppFile = nsMIMEInfoBase::GetCanonicalExecutable(binary);
+  ClearOnShutdown(&sOurAppFile);
+}
+
+// nsISupports methods
+NS_IMPL_ADDREF(nsMIMEInfoBase)
+NS_IMPL_RELEASE(nsMIMEInfoBase)
+
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_BEGIN(nsMIMEInfoBase)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsIHandlerInfo)
+  // This is only an nsIMIMEInfo if it's a MIME handler.
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY_CONDITIONAL(nsIMIMEInfo, mClass == eMIMEInfo)
+  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY_AMBIGUOUS(nsISupports, nsIHandlerInfo)
+NS_INTERFACE_MAP_END
+
+// nsMIMEInfoImpl methods
+
+// Constructors for a MIME handler.
+nsMIMEInfoBase::nsMIMEInfoBase(const char* aMIMEType)
+    : mSchemeOrType(aMIMEType),
+      mClass(eMIMEInfo),
+      mAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(
+          mozilla::StaticPrefs::
+              browser_download_always_ask_before_handling_new_types()) {}
+
+nsMIMEInfoBase::nsMIMEInfoBase(const nsACString& aMIMEType)
+    : mSchemeOrType(aMIMEType),
+      mClass(eMIMEInfo),
+      mAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(
+          mozilla::StaticPrefs::
+              browser_download_always_ask_before_handling_new_types()) {}
+
+// Constructor for a handler that lets the caller specify whether this is a
+// MIME handler or a protocol handler.  In the long run, these will be distinct
+// classes (f.e. nsMIMEInfo and nsProtocolInfo), but for now we reuse this class
+// for both and distinguish between the two kinds of handlers via the aClass
+// argument to this method, which can be either eMIMEInfo or eProtocolInfo.
+nsMIMEInfoBase::nsMIMEInfoBase(const nsACString& aType, HandlerClass aClass)
+    : mSchemeOrType(aType),
+      mClass(aClass),
+      mAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(
+          mozilla::StaticPrefs::
+              browser_download_always_ask_before_handling_new_types() ||
+          aClass != eMIMEInfo) {}
+
+nsMIMEInfoBase::~nsMIMEInfoBase() {}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetFileExtensions(nsIUTF8StringEnumerator** aResult) {
+  return NS_NewUTF8StringEnumerator(aResult, &mExtensions, this);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::ExtensionExists(const nsACString& aExtension, bool* _retval) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(!aExtension.IsEmpty(), "no extension");
+  *_retval = mExtensions.Contains(aExtension,
+                                  nsCaseInsensitiveCStringArrayComparator());
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetPrimaryExtension(nsACString& _retval) {
+  if (!mExtensions.Length()) {
+    _retval.Truncate();
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+  }
+  _retval = mExtensions[0];
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::SetPrimaryExtension(const nsACString& aExtension) {
+  if (MOZ_UNLIKELY(aExtension.IsEmpty())) {
+    MOZ_ASSERT(false, "No extension");
+    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+  }
+  int32_t i = mExtensions.IndexOf(aExtension, 0,
+                                  nsCaseInsensitiveCStringArrayComparator());
+  if (i != -1) {
+    mExtensions.RemoveElementAt(i);
+  }
+  mExtensions.InsertElementAt(0, aExtension);
+  mIsDefaultAppInfoFresh = false;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+void nsMIMEInfoBase::AddUniqueExtension(const nsACString& aExtension) {
+  if (mExtensions.IsEmpty()) {
+    mIsDefaultAppInfoFresh = false;
+  }
+  if (!aExtension.IsEmpty() &&
+      !mExtensions.Contains(aExtension,
+                            nsCaseInsensitiveCStringArrayComparator())) {
+    mExtensions.AppendElement(aExtension);
+  }
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::AppendExtension(const nsACString& aExtension) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(!aExtension.IsEmpty(), "No extension");
+  AddUniqueExtension(aExtension);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetType(nsACString& aType) {
+  if (mSchemeOrType.IsEmpty()) return NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+
+  aType = mSchemeOrType;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetMIMEType(nsACString& aMIMEType) {
+  if (mSchemeOrType.IsEmpty()) return NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+
+  aMIMEType = mSchemeOrType;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetDescription(nsAString& aDescription) {
+  aDescription = mDescription;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::SetDescription(const nsAString& aDescription) {
+  mDescription = aDescription;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::Equals(nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo, bool* _retval) {
+  if (!aMIMEInfo) return NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER;
+
+  nsAutoCString type;
+  nsresult rv = aMIMEInfo->GetMIMEType(type);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  *_retval = mSchemeOrType.Equals(type);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::SetFileExtensions(const nsACString& aExtensions) {
+  mExtensions.Clear();
+  nsACString::const_iterator start, end;
+  aExtensions.BeginReading(start);
+  aExtensions.EndReading(end);
+  while (start != end) {
+    nsACString::const_iterator cursor = start;
+    mozilla::Unused << FindCharInReadable(',', cursor, end);
+    AddUniqueExtension(Substring(start, cursor));
+    // If a comma was found, skip it for the next search.
+    start = cursor != end ? ++cursor : cursor;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetDefaultDescription(nsAString& aDefaultDescription) {
+  aDefaultDescription = mDefaultAppDescription;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetPreferredApplicationHandler(
+    nsIHandlerApp** aPreferredAppHandler) {
+  *aPreferredAppHandler = mPreferredApplication;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aPreferredAppHandler);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::SetPreferredApplicationHandler(
+    nsIHandlerApp* aPreferredAppHandler) {
+  mPreferredApplication = aPreferredAppHandler;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetPossibleApplicationHandlers(
+    nsIMutableArray** aPossibleAppHandlers) {
+  if (!mPossibleApplications)
+    mPossibleApplications = do_CreateInstance(NS_ARRAY_CONTRACTID);
+
+  if (!mPossibleApplications) return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+
+  *aPossibleAppHandlers = mPossibleApplications;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aPossibleAppHandlers);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetPreferredAction(nsHandlerInfoAction* aPreferredAction) {
+  *aPreferredAction = mPreferredAction;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::SetPreferredAction(nsHandlerInfoAction aPreferredAction) {
+  mPreferredAction = aPreferredAction;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(bool* aAlwaysAsk) {
+  *aAlwaysAsk = mAlwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::SetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(bool aAlwaysAsk) {
+  mAlwaysAskBeforeHandling = aAlwaysAsk;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* static */
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoBase::GetLocalFileFromURI(nsIURI* aURI, nsIFile** aFile) {
+  nsresult rv;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFileURL> fileUrl = do_QueryInterface(aURI, &rv);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> file;
+  rv = fileUrl->GetFile(getter_AddRefs(file));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  file.forget(aFile);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  nsresult rv;
+
+  // it doesn't make any sense to call this on protocol handlers
+  NS_ASSERTION(mClass == eMIMEInfo,
+               "nsMIMEInfoBase should have mClass == eMIMEInfo");
+
+  if (AutomationOnlyCheckIfLaunchStubbed(aFile)) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  if (mPreferredAction == useSystemDefault) {
+    return LaunchDefaultWithFile(aFile);
+  }
+
+  if (mPreferredAction == useHelperApp) {
+    if (!mPreferredApplication) return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+
+    // at the moment, we only know how to hand files off to local handlers
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp> localHandler =
+        do_QueryInterface(mPreferredApplication, &rv);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> executable;
+    rv = localHandler->GetExecutable(getter_AddRefs(executable));
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    return LaunchWithIProcess(executable, aFile->NativePath());
+  }
+
+  return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+}
+
+bool nsMIMEInfoBase::AutomationOnlyCheckIfLaunchStubbed(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  // This is pretty gross and hacky, but otherwise we can't automatically
+  // test this, and we keep breaking edgecases around this, so...
+  if (!xpc::IsInAutomation()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  nsAutoString path;
+  aFile->GetPath(path);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsISupportsPRBool> canOpen =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/supports-PRBool;1");
+  canOpen->SetData(true);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIObserverService> observerService =
+      mozilla::services::GetObserverService();
+  observerService->NotifyObservers(canOpen, "test-only-opening-downloaded-file",
+                                   path.get());
+  bool data = true;
+  canOpen->GetData(&data);
+  return !data;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::LaunchWithURI(nsIURI* aURI,
+                              mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) {
+  // This is only being called with protocol handlers
+  NS_ASSERTION(mClass == eProtocolInfo,
+               "nsMIMEInfoBase should be a protocol handler");
+
+  if (mPreferredAction == useSystemDefault) {
+    // First, ensure we're not accidentally going to call ourselves.
+    // That'd lead to an infinite loop (see bug 215554).
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIExternalProtocolService> extProtService =
+        do_GetService(NS_EXTERNALPROTOCOLSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+    if (!extProtService) {
+      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+    }
+    nsAutoCString scheme;
+    aURI->GetScheme(scheme);
+    bool isDefault = false;
+    nsresult rv =
+        extProtService->IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(scheme, &isDefault);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && isDefault) {
+      // Lie. This will trip the handler service into showing a dialog asking
+      // what the user wants.
+      return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+    }
+    return LoadUriInternal(aURI);
+  }
+
+  if (mPreferredAction == useHelperApp) {
+    if (!mPreferredApplication) return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+
+    EnsureAppDetailsAvailable();
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp> localPreferredHandler =
+        do_QueryInterface(mPreferredApplication);
+    if (localPreferredHandler) {
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> executable;
+      localPreferredHandler->GetExecutable(getter_AddRefs(executable));
+      executable = GetCanonicalExecutable(executable);
+      bool isOurExecutable = false;
+      if (!executable ||
+          NS_FAILED(executable->Equals(sOurAppFile, &isOurExecutable)) ||
+          isOurExecutable) {
+        // Lie. This will trip the handler service into showing a dialog asking
+        // what the user wants.
+        return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+      }
+    }
+    return mPreferredApplication->LaunchWithURI(aURI, aBrowsingContext);
+  }
+
+  return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+}
+
+void nsMIMEInfoBase::CopyBasicDataTo(nsMIMEInfoBase* aOther) {
+  aOther->mSchemeOrType = mSchemeOrType;
+  aOther->mDefaultAppDescription = mDefaultAppDescription;
+  aOther->mExtensions = mExtensions.Clone();
+}
+
+/* static */
+already_AddRefed<nsIProcess> nsMIMEInfoBase::InitProcess(nsIFile* aApp,
+                                                         nsresult* aResult) {
+  NS_ASSERTION(aApp, "Unexpected null pointer, fix caller");
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIProcess> process =
+      do_CreateInstance(NS_PROCESS_CONTRACTID, aResult);
+  if (NS_FAILED(*aResult)) return nullptr;
+
+  *aResult = process->Init(aApp);
+  if (NS_FAILED(*aResult)) return nullptr;
+
+  return process.forget();
+}
+
+/* static */
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoBase::LaunchWithIProcess(nsIFile* aApp,
+                                            const nsCString& aArg) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIProcess> process = InitProcess(aApp, &rv);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  const char* string = aArg.get();
+
+  return process->Run(false, &string, 1);
+}
+
+/* static */
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoBase::LaunchWithIProcess(nsIFile* aApp,
+                                            const nsString& aArg) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIProcess> process = InitProcess(aApp, &rv);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  const char16_t* string = aArg.get();
+
+  return process->Runw(false, &string, 1);
+}
+
+/* static */
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoBase::LaunchWithIProcess(nsIFile* aApp, const int aArgc,
+                                            const char16_t** aArgv) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIProcess> process = InitProcess(aApp, &rv);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  return process->Runw(false, aArgv, aArgc);
+}
+
+// nsMIMEInfoImpl implementation
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoImpl::GetDefaultDescription(nsAString& aDefaultDescription) {
+  if (mDefaultAppDescription.IsEmpty()) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApp = GetDefaultApplication();
+    if (defaultApp) {
+      // Don't want to cache this, just in case someone resets the app
+      // without changing the description....
+      defaultApp->GetLeafName(aDefaultDescription);
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+  }
+  aDefaultDescription = mDefaultAppDescription;
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoImpl::GetHasDefaultHandler(bool* _retval) {
+  *_retval = !mDefaultAppDescription.IsEmpty();
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApp = GetDefaultApplication();
+  if (defaultApp) {
+    bool exists;
+    *_retval = NS_SUCCEEDED(defaultApp->Exists(&exists)) && exists;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoImpl::IsCurrentAppOSDefault(bool* _retval) {
+  *_retval = false;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApp = GetDefaultApplication();
+  if (defaultApp) {
+    // Determine if the default executable is our executable.
+    EnsureAppDetailsAvailable();
+    bool isSame = false;
+    nsresult rv = defaultApp->Equals(sOurAppFile, &isSame);
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+      return rv;
+    }
+    *_retval = isSame;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoImpl::LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApp = GetDefaultApplication();
+  if (!defaultApp) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+  }
+
+  return LaunchWithIProcess(defaultApp, aFile->NativePath());
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoBase::GetPossibleLocalHandlers(nsIArray** _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoImpl.h b/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoImpl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b080ac545
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsMIMEInfoImpl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim:set ts=4 sw=2 sts=2 et: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+#ifndef __nsmimeinfoimpl_h___
+#define __nsmimeinfoimpl_h___
+
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+#include "nsAtom.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsTArray.h"
+#include "nsIMutableArray.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+#include "nsIURI.h"
+#include "nsIProcess.h"
+#include "mozilla/dom/BrowsingContext.h"
+
+/**
+ * UTF8 moz-icon URI string for the default handler application's icon, if
+ * available.
+ */
+#define PROPERTY_DEFAULT_APP_ICON_URL "defaultApplicationIconURL"
+/**
+ * UTF8 moz-icon URI string for the user's preferred handler application's
+ * icon, if available.
+ */
+#define PROPERTY_CUSTOM_APP_ICON_URL "customApplicationIconURL"
+
+/**
+ * Basic implementation of nsIMIMEInfo. Incomplete - it is meant to be
+ * subclassed, and GetHasDefaultHandler as well as LaunchDefaultWithFile need to
+ * be implemented.
+ */
+class nsMIMEInfoBase : public nsIMIMEInfo {
+ public:
+  NS_DECL_THREADSAFE_ISUPPORTS
+
+  // I'd use NS_DECL_NSIMIMEINFO, but I don't want GetHasDefaultHandler
+  NS_IMETHOD GetFileExtensions(nsIUTF8StringEnumerator** _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD SetFileExtensions(const nsACString& aExtensions) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD ExtensionExists(const nsACString& aExtension,
+                             bool* _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD AppendExtension(const nsACString& aExtension) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetPrimaryExtension(nsACString& aPrimaryExtension) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD SetPrimaryExtension(const nsACString& aPrimaryExtension) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetType(nsACString& aType) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetMIMEType(nsACString& aMIMEType) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetDescription(nsAString& aDescription) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD SetDescription(const nsAString& aDescription) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD Equals(nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo, bool* _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetPreferredApplicationHandler(
+      nsIHandlerApp** aPreferredAppHandler) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD SetPreferredApplicationHandler(
+      nsIHandlerApp* aPreferredAppHandler) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetPossibleApplicationHandlers(
+      nsIMutableArray** aPossibleAppHandlers) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetDefaultDescription(nsAString& aDefaultDescription) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD LaunchWithURI(
+      nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetPreferredAction(nsHandlerInfoAction* aPreferredAction) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD SetPreferredAction(nsHandlerInfoAction aPreferredAction) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(
+      bool* aAlwaysAskBeforeHandling) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD SetAlwaysAskBeforeHandling(bool aAlwaysAskBeforeHandling) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetPossibleLocalHandlers(nsIArray** _retval) override;
+
+  enum HandlerClass { eMIMEInfo, eProtocolInfo };
+
+  // nsMIMEInfoBase methods
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoBase(const char* aMIMEType = "");
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoBase(const nsACString& aMIMEType);
+  nsMIMEInfoBase(const nsACString& aType, HandlerClass aClass);
+
+  void SetMIMEType(const nsACString& aMIMEType) { mSchemeOrType = aMIMEType; }
+
+  void SetDefaultDescription(const nsString& aDesc) {
+    mDefaultAppDescription = aDesc;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Copies basic data of this MIME Info Implementation to the given other
+   * MIME Info. The data consists of the MIME Type, the (default) description,
+   * the MacOS type and creator, and the extension list (this object's
+   * extension list will replace aOther's list, not append to it). This
+   * function also ensures that aOther's primary extension will be the same as
+   * the one of this object.
+   */
+  void CopyBasicDataTo(nsMIMEInfoBase* aOther);
+
+  /**
+   * Return whether this MIMEInfo has any extensions
+   */
+  bool HasExtensions() const { return mExtensions.Length() != 0; }
+
+  static already_AddRefed<nsIFile> GetCanonicalExecutable(nsIFile* aFile);
+
+ protected:
+  virtual ~nsMIMEInfoBase();  // must be virtual, as the the base class's
+                              // Release should call the subclass's destructor
+
+  /**
+   * Launch the default application for the given file.
+   * For even more control over the launching, override launchWithFile.
+   * Also see the comment about nsIMIMEInfo in general, above.
+   *
+   * @param aFile The file that should be opened
+   */
+  virtual nsresult LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Loads the URI with the OS default app.
+   *
+   * @param aURI The URI to pass off to the OS.
+   */
+  virtual nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) = 0;
+
+  bool AutomationOnlyCheckIfLaunchStubbed(nsIFile* aFile);
+
+  static already_AddRefed<nsIProcess> InitProcess(nsIFile* aApp,
+                                                  nsresult* aResult);
+
+  /**
+   * This method can be used to launch the file or URI with a single
+   * argument (typically either a file path or a URI spec).  This is
+   * meant as a helper method for implementations of
+   * LaunchWithURI/LaunchDefaultWithFile.
+   *
+   * @param aApp The application to launch (may not be null)
+   * @param aArg The argument to pass on the command line
+   */
+  static nsresult LaunchWithIProcess(nsIFile* aApp, const nsCString& aArg);
+  static nsresult LaunchWithIProcess(nsIFile* aApp, const nsString& aArg);
+  static nsresult LaunchWithIProcess(nsIFile* aApp, const int aArgc,
+                                     const char16_t** aArgv);
+
+  /**
+   * Given a file: nsIURI, return the associated nsIFile
+   *
+   * @param  aURI      the file: URI in question
+   * @param  aFile     the associated nsIFile (out param)
+   */
+  static nsresult GetLocalFileFromURI(nsIURI* aURI, nsIFile** aFile);
+
+  /**
+   * Internal helper to avoid adding duplicates.
+   */
+  void AddUniqueExtension(const nsACString& aExtension);
+
+  // member variables
+  nsTArray<nsCString>
+      mExtensions;  ///< array of file extensions associated w/ this MIME obj
+  nsString mDescription;  ///< human readable description
+  nsCString mSchemeOrType;
+  HandlerClass mClass;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> mPreferredApplication;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray> mPossibleApplications;
+  nsHandlerInfoAction mPreferredAction =
+      nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk;  ///< preferred action to associate with this
+                                ///< type
+  nsString mPreferredAppDescription;
+  nsString mDefaultAppDescription;
+  bool mAlwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  bool mIsDefaultAppInfoFresh = false;
+};
+
+/**
+ * This is a complete implementation of nsIMIMEInfo, and contains all necessary
+ * methods. However, depending on your platform you may want to use a different
+ * way of launching applications. This class stores the default application in a
+ * member variable and provides a function for setting it. For local
+ * applications, launching is done using nsIProcess, native path of the file to
+ * open as first argument.
+ */
+class nsMIMEInfoImpl : public nsMIMEInfoBase {
+ public:
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoImpl(const char* aMIMEType = "")
+      : nsMIMEInfoBase(aMIMEType) {}
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoImpl(const nsACString& aMIMEType)
+      : nsMIMEInfoBase(aMIMEType) {}
+  nsMIMEInfoImpl(const nsACString& aType, HandlerClass aClass)
+      : nsMIMEInfoBase(aType, aClass) {}
+  virtual ~nsMIMEInfoImpl() {}
+
+  // nsIMIMEInfo methods
+  NS_IMETHOD GetHasDefaultHandler(bool* _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetDefaultDescription(nsAString& aDefaultDescription) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefault(bool* _retval) override;
+
+  // additional methods
+  /**
+   * Sets the default application. Supposed to be only called by the OS Helper
+   * App Services.
+   */
+  void SetDefaultApplication(nsIFile* aApp) {
+    mDefaultApplication = aApp;
+    mIsDefaultAppInfoFresh = true;
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  // nsMIMEInfoBase methods
+  /**
+   * The base class implementation is to use LaunchWithIProcess in combination
+   * with mDefaultApplication. Subclasses can override that behaviour.
+   */
+  virtual nsresult LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) override;
+
+  /**
+   * Loads the URI with the OS default app.  This should be overridden by each
+   * OS's implementation.
+   */
+  virtual nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) override = 0;
+
+  // Accessor for default application for subclasses.
+  nsIFile* GetDefaultApplication() { return mDefaultApplication; }
+
+ private:
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile>
+      mDefaultApplication;  ///< default application associated with this type.
+};
+
+#endif  //__nsmimeinfoimpl_h___
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ba3a2edc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include "mozilla/Logging.h"
+#include "mozilla/net/NeckoCommon.h"
+#include "nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.h"
+#include "nsISupports.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsTArray.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsIHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsMimeTypes.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsCRT.h"
+#include "nsEmbedCID.h"
+
+#undef LOG
+#define LOG(...)                                                     \
+  MOZ_LOG(nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, mozilla::LogLevel::Info, \
+          (__VA_ARGS__))
+#undef LOG_ERR
+#define LOG_ERR(...)                                                  \
+  MOZ_LOG(nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, mozilla::LogLevel::Error, \
+          (__VA_ARGS__))
+#undef LOG_ENABLED
+#define LOG_ENABLED() \
+  MOZ_LOG_TEST(nsExternalHelperAppService::sLog, mozilla::LogLevel::Info)
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(
+    const char* aProtocolScheme, bool* aHandlerExists) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+    LOG_ERR("nsOSHelperAppServiceChild error: no handler service");
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoCString scheme(aProtocolScheme);
+  *aHandlerExists = false;
+  rv = handlerSvc->ExistsForProtocol(scheme, aHandlerExists);
+  LOG("nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(): "
+      "protocol: %s, result: %" PRId32,
+      aProtocolScheme, static_cast<uint32_t>(rv));
+  mozilla::Unused << NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv));
+  return rv;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aScheme,
+                                                            bool* aExists) {
+  // Use ExternalProtocolHandlerExists() which includes the
+  // OS-level check and remotes the call to the parent process.
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                                     nsAString& aRetVal) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+    LOG_ERR("nsOSHelperAppServiceChild error: no handler service");
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  rv = handlerSvc->GetApplicationDescription(aScheme, aRetVal);
+  LOG("nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::GetApplicationDescription(): "
+      "scheme: %s, result: %" PRId32 ", description: %s",
+      PromiseFlatCString(aScheme).get(), static_cast<uint32_t>(rv),
+      NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(aRetVal).get());
+  mozilla::Unused << NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv));
+  return rv;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                                             const nsACString& aFileExt,
+                                             bool* aFound,
+                                             nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+      do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
+    LOG_ERR("nsOSHelperAppServiceChild error: no handler service");
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  rv = handlerSvc->GetMIMEInfoFromOS(aMIMEType, aFileExt, aFound, aMIMEInfo);
+  LOG("nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(): "
+      "MIME type: %s, extension: %s, result: %" PRId32,
+      PromiseFlatCString(aMIMEType).get(), PromiseFlatCString(aFileExt).get(),
+      static_cast<uint32_t>(rv));
+  mozilla::Unused << NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv));
+  return rv;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, bool* aFound, nsIHandlerInfo** aRetVal) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, bool* aRetVal) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppServiceChild::GetFileTokenForPath(
+    const char16_t* platformAppPath, nsIFile** aFile) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.h b/uriloader/exthandler/nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f37caf010d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/nsOSHelperAppServiceChild.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsOSHelperAppServiceChild_h__
+#define nsOSHelperAppServiceChild_h__
+
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+
+class nsIMIMEInfo;
+
+/*
+ * Provides a generic implementation of the nsExternalHelperAppService
+ * platform-specific methods by remoting calls to the parent process.
+ * Only provides implementations for the methods needed in unprivileged
+ * child processes.
+ */
+class nsOSHelperAppServiceChild : public nsExternalHelperAppService {
+ public:
+  nsOSHelperAppServiceChild() : nsExternalHelperAppService(){};
+  virtual ~nsOSHelperAppServiceChild() = default;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                          bool* found,
+                                          nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) override;
+
+  nsresult GetFileTokenForPath(const char16_t* platformAppPath,
+                               nsIFile** aFile) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD ExternalProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme,
+                                           bool* aHandlerExists) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aScheme,
+                                     bool* aExists) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                       nsAString& aRetVal) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                              bool* _retval) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                               const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+                               nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) override;
+};
+
+#endif  // nsOSHelperAppServiceChild_h__
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/HandlerServiceTestUtils.sys.mjs b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/HandlerServiceTestUtils.sys.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e52cc2568
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/HandlerServiceTestUtils.sys.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+ * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+/*
+ * Shared functions for tests related to invoking external handler applications.
+ */
+
+import { AppConstants } from "resource://gre/modules/AppConstants.sys.mjs";
+import { XPCOMUtils } from "resource://gre/modules/XPCOMUtils.sys.mjs";
+
+import { Assert } from "resource://testing-common/Assert.sys.mjs";
+
+const lazy = {};
+
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  lazy,
+  "gExternalProtocolService",
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1",
+  "nsIExternalProtocolService"
+);
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  lazy,
+  "gMIMEService",
+  "@mozilla.org/mime;1",
+  "nsIMIMEService"
+);
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  lazy,
+  "gHandlerService",
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1",
+  "nsIHandlerService"
+);
+
+export var HandlerServiceTestUtils = {
+  /**
+   * Retrieves the names of all the MIME types and protocols configured in the
+   * handler service instance currently under testing.
+   *
+   * @return Array of strings like "example/type" or "example-scheme", sorted
+   *         alphabetically regardless of category.
+   */
+  getAllHandlerInfoTypes() {
+    return Array.from(
+      lazy.gHandlerService.enumerate(),
+      info => info.type
+    ).sort();
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieves all the configured handlers for MIME types and protocols.
+   *
+   * @note The nsIHandlerInfo instances returned by the "enumerate" method
+   *       cannot be used for testing because they incorporate information from
+   *       the operating system and also from the default nsIHandlerService
+   *       instance, independently from what instance is under testing.
+   *
+   * @return Array of nsIHandlerInfo instances sorted by their "type" property.
+   */
+  getAllHandlerInfos() {
+    return this.getAllHandlerInfoTypes().map(type => this.getHandlerInfo(type));
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieves an nsIHandlerInfo for the given MIME type or protocol, which
+   * incorporates information from the operating system and also from the
+   * handler service instance currently under testing.
+   *
+   * @note If the handler service instance currently under testing is not the
+   *       default one and the requested type is a MIME type, the returned
+   *       nsIHandlerInfo will include information from the default
+   *       nsIHandlerService instance. This cannot be avoided easily because the
+   *       getMIMEInfoFromOS method is not exposed to JavaScript.
+   *
+   * @param type
+   *        MIME type or scheme name of the nsIHandlerInfo to retrieve.
+   *
+   * @return The populated nsIHandlerInfo instance.
+   */
+  getHandlerInfo(type) {
+    if (type.includes("/")) {
+      // We have to use the getFromTypeAndExtension method because we don't have
+      // access to getMIMEInfoFromOS. This means that we have to reset the data
+      // that may have been imported from the default nsIHandlerService instance
+      // and is not overwritten by fillHandlerInfo later.
+      let handlerInfo = lazy.gMIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(type, null);
+      if (AppConstants.platform == "android") {
+        // On Android, the first handler application is always the internal one.
+        while (handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length > 1) {
+          handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.removeElementAt(1);
+        }
+      } else {
+        handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.clear();
+      }
+      handlerInfo.setFileExtensions("");
+      // Populate the object from the handler service instance under testing.
+      if (lazy.gHandlerService.exists(handlerInfo)) {
+        lazy.gHandlerService.fillHandlerInfo(handlerInfo, "");
+      }
+      return handlerInfo;
+    }
+
+    // Populate the protocol information from the handler service instance under
+    // testing, like the nsIExternalProtocolService::GetProtocolHandlerInfo
+    // method does on the default nsIHandlerService instance.
+    let osDefaultHandlerFound = {};
+    let handlerInfo =
+      lazy.gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(
+        type,
+        osDefaultHandlerFound
+      );
+    if (lazy.gHandlerService.exists(handlerInfo)) {
+      lazy.gHandlerService.fillHandlerInfo(handlerInfo, "");
+    } else {
+      lazy.gExternalProtocolService.setProtocolHandlerDefaults(
+        handlerInfo,
+        osDefaultHandlerFound.value
+      );
+    }
+    return handlerInfo;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Creates an nsIHandlerInfo for the given MIME type or protocol, initialized
+   * to the default values for the current platform.
+   *
+   * @note For this method to work, the specified MIME type or protocol must not
+   *       be configured in the default handler service instance or the one
+   *       under testing, and must not be registered in the operating system.
+   *
+   * @param type
+   *        MIME type or scheme name of the nsIHandlerInfo to create.
+   *
+   * @return The blank nsIHandlerInfo instance.
+   */
+  getBlankHandlerInfo(type) {
+    let handlerInfo = this.getHandlerInfo(type);
+
+    let preferredAction, preferredApplicationHandler;
+    let alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+
+    if (AppConstants.platform == "android") {
+      // On Android, the default preferredAction for MIME types is useHelperApp.
+      // For protocols, we always behave as if an operating system provided
+      // handler existed, and as such we initialize them to useSystemDefault.
+      // This is because the AndroidBridge is not available in xpcshell tests.
+      preferredAction = type.includes("/")
+        ? Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp
+        : Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault;
+      // On Android, the default handler application is always the internal one.
+      preferredApplicationHandler = {
+        name: "Android chooser",
+      };
+    } else {
+      // On Desktop, the default preferredAction for MIME types is saveToDisk,
+      // while for protocols it is alwaysAsk. Since Bug 1735843, for new MIME
+      // types we default to not asking before handling unless a pref is set.
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling = Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+        "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types",
+        false
+      );
+
+      if (type.includes("/")) {
+        preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk;
+      } else {
+        preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk;
+        // we'll always ask before handling protocols
+        alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+      }
+      preferredApplicationHandler = null;
+    }
+
+    this.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfo, {
+      type,
+      preferredAction,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+      preferredApplicationHandler,
+    });
+    return handlerInfo;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Checks whether an nsIHandlerInfo instance matches the provided object.
+   */
+  assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfo, expected) {
+    let expectedInterface = expected.type.includes("/")
+      ? Ci.nsIMIMEInfo
+      : Ci.nsIHandlerInfo;
+    Assert.ok(handlerInfo instanceof expectedInterface);
+    Assert.equal(handlerInfo.type, expected.type);
+
+    if (!expected.preferredActionOSDependent) {
+      Assert.equal(handlerInfo.preferredAction, expected.preferredAction);
+      Assert.equal(
+        handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+        expected.alwaysAskBeforeHandling
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (expectedInterface == Ci.nsIMIMEInfo) {
+      let fileExtensionsEnumerator = handlerInfo.getFileExtensions();
+      for (let expectedFileExtension of expected.fileExtensions || []) {
+        Assert.equal(fileExtensionsEnumerator.getNext(), expectedFileExtension);
+      }
+      Assert.ok(!fileExtensionsEnumerator.hasMore());
+    }
+
+    if (expected.preferredApplicationHandler) {
+      this.assertHandlerAppMatches(
+        handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler,
+        expected.preferredApplicationHandler
+      );
+    } else {
+      Assert.equal(handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler, null);
+    }
+
+    let handlerAppsArrayEnumerator =
+      handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.enumerate();
+    if (AppConstants.platform == "android") {
+      // On Android, the first handler application is always the internal one.
+      this.assertHandlerAppMatches(handlerAppsArrayEnumerator.getNext(), {
+        name: "Android chooser",
+      });
+    }
+    for (let expectedHandlerApp of expected.possibleApplicationHandlers || []) {
+      this.assertHandlerAppMatches(
+        handlerAppsArrayEnumerator.getNext(),
+        expectedHandlerApp
+      );
+    }
+    Assert.ok(!handlerAppsArrayEnumerator.hasMoreElements());
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Checks whether an nsIHandlerApp instance matches the provided object.
+   */
+  assertHandlerAppMatches(handlerApp, expected) {
+    Assert.ok(handlerApp instanceof Ci.nsIHandlerApp);
+    Assert.equal(handlerApp.name, expected.name);
+    if (expected.executable) {
+      Assert.ok(handlerApp instanceof Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+      Assert.ok(expected.executable.equals(handlerApp.executable));
+    } else if (expected.uriTemplate) {
+      Assert.ok(handlerApp instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+      Assert.equal(handlerApp.uriTemplate, expected.uriTemplate);
+    } else if (expected.service) {
+      Assert.ok(handlerApp instanceof Ci.nsIDBusHandlerApp);
+      Assert.equal(handlerApp.service, expected.service);
+      Assert.equal(handlerApp.method, expected.method);
+      Assert.equal(handlerApp.dBusInterface, expected.dBusInterface);
+      Assert.equal(handlerApp.objectPath, expected.objectPath);
+    }
+  },
+};
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/WriteArgument.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/WriteArgument.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..603965150e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/WriteArgument.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "prenv.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+  if (argc != 2) return 1;
+
+  const char* value = PR_GetEnv("WRITE_ARGUMENT_FILE");
+
+  if (!value) return 2;
+
+  FILE* outfile = fopen(value, "w");
+  if (!outfile) return 3;
+
+  // We only need to write out the first argument (no newline).
+  fputs(argv[argc - 1], outfile);
+
+  fclose(outfile);
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/gtest/ExternalHelperAppServiceTest.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/gtest/ExternalHelperAppServiceTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6e900bf3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/gtest/ExternalHelperAppServiceTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "nsNetUtil.h"
+
+using namespace mozilla;
+
+TEST(ExternalHelperAppService, EscapeURI)
+{
+  nsCString input("myproto://hello world");
+  nsCString expected("myproto://hello%20world");
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIIOService> ios(do_GetIOService());
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> uri;
+  nsresult rv = ios->NewURI(input, nullptr, nullptr, getter_AddRefs(uri));
+  EXPECT_EQ(rv, NS_OK);
+
+  nsAutoCString spec;
+  rv = uri->GetSpec(spec);
+  EXPECT_EQ(rv, NS_OK);
+
+  // Constructing the URI does not escape the space character.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(spec.Equals(input));
+
+  // Created an escaped version of the URI.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> escapedURI;
+  rv = nsExternalHelperAppService::EscapeURI(uri, getter_AddRefs(escapedURI));
+  EXPECT_EQ(rv, NS_OK);
+
+  nsAutoCString escapedSpec;
+  rv = escapedURI->GetSpec(escapedSpec);
+  EXPECT_EQ(rv, NS_OK);
+
+  // Escaped URI should have an escaped spec.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(escapedSpec.Equals(expected));
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/gtest/moz.build b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/gtest/moz.build
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..163afe927d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/gtest/moz.build
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# -*- Mode: python; indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 40 -*-
+# vim: set filetype=python:
+# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+UNIFIED_SOURCES += [
+    "ExternalHelperAppServiceTest.cpp",
+]
+
+FINAL_LIBRARY = "xul-gtest"
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/FTPprotocolHandler.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/FTPprotocolHandler.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0e98abace
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/FTPprotocolHandler.html
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Protocol handler</title>
+    <meta content="text/html;charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
+    <meta content="utf-8" http-equiv="encoding">
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+      navigator.registerProtocolHandler("ftp",
+          "https://example.com/browser/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/blank.html?uri=%s",
+          "Test Protocol");
+    </script>
+    <a id="link" href="ftp://user:password@domain.com/path">ftp link</a>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f66c99dc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/* eslint-env mozilla/chrome-script */
+
+const { ComponentUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/ComponentUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const { Downloads } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/Downloads.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+let gMIMEService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+let gHandlerService = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+  Ci.nsIHandlerService
+);
+
+const HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT = "@mozilla.org/helperapplauncherdialog;1";
+const HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID = Components.ID(
+  Cc[HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT].number
+);
+
+let tmpDir = Services.dirsvc.get("TmpD", Ci.nsIFile);
+tmpDir.append("testsavedir" + Math.floor(Math.random() * 2 ** 32));
+// Create this dir if it doesn't exist (ignores existing dirs)
+try {
+  tmpDir.create(Ci.nsIFile.DIRECTORY_TYPE, 0o777, true);
+} catch (ex) {
+  if (ex.result != Cr.NS_ERROR_FILE_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+    throw ex;
+  }
+}
+Services.prefs.setIntPref("browser.download.folderList", 2);
+Services.prefs.setCharPref("browser.download.dir", tmpDir.path);
+
+const FAKE_CID = Services.uuid.generateUUID();
+function HelperAppLauncherDialog() {}
+HelperAppLauncherDialog.prototype = {
+  show(aLauncher, aWindowContext, aReason) {
+    if (
+      Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+        "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types"
+      )
+    ) {
+      let f = tmpDir.clone();
+      f.append(aLauncher.suggestedFileName);
+      aLauncher.saveDestinationAvailable(f);
+      sendAsyncMessage("suggestedFileName", aLauncher.suggestedFileName);
+    } else {
+      sendAsyncMessage("wrongAPICall", "show");
+    }
+    aLauncher.cancel(Cr.NS_BINDING_ABORTED);
+  },
+  promptForSaveToFileAsync(
+    appLauncher,
+    parent,
+    filename,
+    extension,
+    forceSave
+  ) {
+    if (
+      !Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+        "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types"
+      )
+    ) {
+      let f = tmpDir.clone();
+      f.append(filename);
+      appLauncher.saveDestinationAvailable(f);
+      sendAsyncMessage("suggestedFileName", filename);
+    } else {
+      sendAsyncMessage("wrongAPICall", "promptForSaveToFileAsync");
+    }
+    appLauncher.cancel(Cr.NS_BINDING_ABORTED);
+  },
+  QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI(["nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog"]),
+};
+
+var registrar = Components.manager.QueryInterface(Ci.nsIComponentRegistrar);
+registrar.registerFactory(
+  FAKE_CID,
+  "",
+  HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT,
+  ComponentUtils.generateSingletonFactory(HelperAppLauncherDialog)
+);
+
+addMessageListener("unregister", async function () {
+  registrar.registerFactory(
+    HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID,
+    "",
+    HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT,
+    null
+  );
+  let list = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.ALL);
+  let downloads = await list.getAll();
+  for (let dl of downloads) {
+    await dl.refresh();
+    if (dl.target.exists || dl.target.partFileExists) {
+      dump("Finalizing download.\n");
+      await dl.finalize(true).catch(console.error);
+    }
+  }
+  await list.removeFinished();
+  dump("Clearing " + tmpDir.path + "\n");
+  tmpDir.remove(true);
+  sendAsyncMessage("unregistered");
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/blank.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/blank.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5417098d72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/blank.html
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <title></title>
+</head>
+<body>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser.ini b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..22bae61c78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+[DEFAULT]
+head = head.js
+support-files =
+  protocolHandler.html
+
+
+[browser_auto_close_window.js]
+support-files =
+  download_page.html
+  download.bin
+  download.sjs
+[browser_auto_close_window_nodialog.js]
+support-files =
+  download_page.html
+  download.bin
+  download.sjs
+[browser_bad_download_dir.js]
+run-if = os == 'linux'
+support-files = download.bin
+[browser_download_always_ask_preferred_app.js]
+[browser_download_idn_blocklist.js]
+support-files = download.bin
+[browser_download_open_with_internal_handler.js]
+support-files =
+  file_image_svgxml.svg
+  file_image_svgxml.svg^headers^
+  file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf
+  file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf^headers^
+  file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf
+  file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf^headers^
+  file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf
+  file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf^headers^
+  file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf
+  file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf^headers^
+  file_txt_attachment_test.txt
+  file_txt_attachment_test.txt^headers^
+  file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml
+  file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml^headers^
+  file_xml_attachment_test.xml
+  file_xml_attachment_test.xml^headers^
+  file_green.webp
+  file_green.webp^headers^
+[browser_download_preferred_action.js]
+support-files =
+  mime_type_download.sjs
+skip-if =
+  os == "win" && os_version == "6.1" # Skip on Azure - frequent failure
+[browser_download_privatebrowsing.js]
+[browser_download_skips_dialog.js]
+support-files =
+  file_green.webp
+  file_green.webp^headers^
+[browser_download_spam_permissions.js]
+support-files =
+  test_spammy_page.html
+[browser_download_urlescape.js]
+support-files =
+  file_with@@funny_name.png
+  file_with@@funny_name.png^headers^
+  file_with[funny_name.webm
+  file_with[funny_name.webm^headers^
+[browser_extension_correction.js]
+support-files =
+  file_as.exe
+  file_as.exe^headers^
+[browser_filehandling_loop.js]
+[browser_launched_app_save_directory.js]
+support-files =
+  file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf
+  file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf^headers^
+  file_green.webp
+  file_green.webp^headers^
+[browser_local_files_no_save_without_asking.js]
+support-files =
+  file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf
+[browser_local_files_open_doesnt_duplicate.js]
+support-files =
+  file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf
+[browser_shows_where_to_save_dialog.js]
+support-files =
+  file_green.webp
+  file_green.webp^headers^
+  file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf
+  file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf^headers^
+  file_txt_attachment_test.txt
+  file_txt_attachment_test.txt^headers^
+[browser_open_internal_choice_persistence.js]
+skip-if =
+  apple_silicon # bug 1752482
+support-files =
+  file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf
+  file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf^headers^
+[browser_pdf_save_as.js]
+[browser_protocol_ask_dialog.js]
+support-files =
+  file_nested_protocol_request.html
+[browser_protocol_custom_sandbox.js]
+support-files =
+  protocol_custom_sandbox_helper.sjs
+[browser_protocol_custom_sandbox_csp.js]
+support-files =
+  protocol_custom_sandbox_helper.sjs
+[browser_first_prompt_not_blocked_without_user_interaction.js]
+support-files =
+  file_external_protocol_iframe.html
+[browser_protocol_ask_dialog_external.js]
+support-files =
+  redirect_helper.sjs
+[browser_protocol_ask_dialog_permission.js]
+support-files =
+  redirect_helper.sjs
+  script_redirect.html
+[browser_protocolhandler_loop.js]
+[browser_remember_download_option.js]
+[browser_save_filenames.js]
+support-files =
+  save_filenames.html
+[browser_txt_download_save_as.js]
+support-files =
+  file_txt_attachment_test.txt
+  file_txt_attachment_test.txt^headers^
+  !/toolkit/content/tests/browser/common/mockTransfer.js
+[browser_web_handler_app_pinned_tab.js]
+support-files =
+  mailto.html
+[browser_web_protocol_handlers.js]
+[browser_ftp_protocol_handlers.js]
+support-files =
+  FTPprotocolHandler.html
+  blank.html
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_auto_close_window.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_auto_close_window.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..af60b59c4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_auto_close_window.js
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+ * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+const { ComponentUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/ComponentUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const ROOT = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+const PAGE_URL = ROOT + "download_page.html";
+const SJS_URL = ROOT + "download.sjs";
+
+const HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT_ID = "@mozilla.org/helperapplauncherdialog;1";
+const HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID = Components.ID(
+  Cc[HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT_ID].number
+);
+const MOCK_HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID = Components.ID(
+  "{2f372b6f-56c9-46d5-af0d-9f09bb69860c}"
+);
+
+let registrar = Components.manager.QueryInterface(Ci.nsIComponentRegistrar);
+let curDialogResolve = null;
+
+function HelperAppLauncherDialog() {}
+
+HelperAppLauncherDialog.prototype = {
+  show(aLauncher, aWindowContext, aReason) {
+    ok(true, "Showing the helper app dialog");
+    curDialogResolve(aWindowContext);
+    executeSoon(() => {
+      aLauncher.cancel(Cr.NS_ERROR_ABORT);
+    });
+  },
+  QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI(["nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog"]),
+};
+
+function promiseHelperAppDialog() {
+  return new Promise(resolve => {
+    curDialogResolve = resolve;
+  });
+}
+
+let mockHelperAppService;
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  // Replace the real helper app dialog with our own.
+  mockHelperAppService = ComponentUtils.generateSingletonFactory(
+    HelperAppLauncherDialog
+  );
+  registrar.registerFactory(
+    MOCK_HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID,
+    "",
+    HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT_ID,
+    mockHelperAppService
+  );
+
+  // Ensure we always prompt for these downloads.
+  const HandlerService = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"
+  ].getService(Ci.nsIHandlerService);
+
+  const MIMEService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+  const mimeInfo = MIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "application/octet-stream",
+    "bin"
+  );
+  mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  HandlerService.store(mimeInfo);
+
+  // On Mac, .bin is application/macbinary
+  let mimeInfoMac;
+  if (AppConstants.platform == "macosx") {
+    mimeInfoMac = MIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+      "application/macbinary",
+      "bin"
+    );
+    mimeInfoMac.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+    HandlerService.store(mimeInfoMac);
+  }
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    HandlerService.remove(mimeInfo);
+    if (mimeInfoMac) {
+      HandlerService.remove(mimeInfoMac);
+    }
+  });
+});
+
+add_task(async function simple_navigation() {
+  // Tests that simple navigation gives us the right windowContext (that is,
+  // the window that we're using).
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let dialogAppeared = promiseHelperAppDialog();
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#regular_load",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+      let windowContext = await dialogAppeared;
+
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function accel_navigation() {
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let dialogAppeared = promiseHelperAppDialog();
+      let tabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+        gBrowser.tabContainer,
+        "TabOpen"
+      ).then(event => {
+        return [event.target, BrowserTestUtils.waitForTabClosing(event.target)];
+      });
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#regular_load",
+        { accelKey: true },
+        browser
+      );
+
+      let windowContext = await dialogAppeared;
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+      let [tab, closingPromise] = await tabOpened;
+      await closingPromise;
+      is(tab.linkedBrowser, null, "tab was opened and closed");
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+// Given a browser pointing to download_page.html, clicks on the link that
+// opens with target="_blank" (i.e. a new tab) and ensures that we
+// automatically open and close that tab.
+async function testNewTab(browser) {
+  let dialogAppeared = promiseHelperAppDialog();
+  let tabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+    gBrowser.tabContainer,
+    "TabOpen"
+  ).then(event => {
+    return [event.target, BrowserTestUtils.waitForTabClosing(event.target)];
+  });
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter("#target_blank", {}, browser);
+
+  let windowContext = await dialogAppeared;
+  is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+  let [tab, closingPromise] = await tabOpened;
+  await closingPromise;
+  is(tab.linkedBrowser, null, "tab was opened and closed");
+}
+
+add_task(async function target_blank() {
+  // Tests that a link with target=_blank opens a new tab and closes it,
+  // returning the window that we're using for navigation.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      await testNewTab(browser);
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function target_blank_no_opener() {
+  // Tests that a link with target=_blank and no opener opens a new tab
+  // and closes it, returning the window that we're using for navigation.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let dialogAppeared = promiseHelperAppDialog();
+      let tabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+        gBrowser.tabContainer,
+        "TabOpen"
+      ).then(event => {
+        return [event.target, BrowserTestUtils.waitForTabClosing(event.target)];
+      });
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#target_blank_no_opener",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+
+      let windowContext = await dialogAppeared;
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+      let [tab, closingPromise] = await tabOpened;
+      await closingPromise;
+      is(tab.linkedBrowser, null, "tab was opened and closed");
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function open_in_new_tab_no_opener() {
+  // Tests that a link with target=_blank and no opener opens a new tab
+  // and closes it, returning the window that we're using for navigation.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let dialogAppeared = promiseHelperAppDialog();
+      let tabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+        gBrowser.tabContainer,
+        "TabOpen"
+      ).then(event => {
+        return [event.target, BrowserTestUtils.waitForTabClosing(event.target)];
+      });
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#open_in_new_tab_no_opener",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+
+      let windowContext = await dialogAppeared;
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+      let [tab, closingPromise] = await tabOpened;
+      await closingPromise;
+      is(tab.linkedBrowser, null, "tab was opened and closed");
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function new_window() {
+  // Tests that a link that forces us to open a new window (by specifying a
+  // width and a height in window.open) opens a new window for the load,
+  // realizes that we need to close that window and returns the *original*
+  // window as the window context.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let dialogAppeared = promiseHelperAppDialog();
+      let windowOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewWindow();
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#new_window",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+      let win = await windowOpened;
+      // Now allow request to complete:
+      fetch(SJS_URL + "?finish");
+
+      let windowContext = await dialogAppeared;
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+
+      // The window should close on its own. If not, this test will time out.
+      await BrowserTestUtils.domWindowClosed(win);
+      ok(win.closed, "window was opened and closed");
+
+      is(
+        await fetch(SJS_URL + "?reset").then(r => r.text()),
+        "OK",
+        "Test reseted"
+      );
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function new_window_no_opener() {
+  // Tests that a link that forces us to open a new window (by specifying a
+  // width and a height in window.open) opens a new window for the load,
+  // realizes that we need to close that window and returns the *original*
+  // window as the window context.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let dialogAppeared = promiseHelperAppDialog();
+      let windowOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewWindow();
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#new_window_no_opener",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+      let win = await windowOpened;
+      // Now allow request to complete:
+      fetch(SJS_URL + "?finish");
+
+      await dialogAppeared;
+
+      // The window should close on its own. If not, this test will time out.
+      await BrowserTestUtils.domWindowClosed(win);
+      ok(win.closed, "window was opened and closed");
+
+      is(
+        await fetch(SJS_URL + "?reset").then(r => r.text()),
+        "OK",
+        "Test reseted"
+      );
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function nested_window_opens() {
+  // Tests that the window auto-closing feature works if the download is
+  // initiated by a window that, itself, has an opener (see bug 1373109).
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (outerBrowser) {
+      let secondTabPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(
+        gBrowser,
+        `${PAGE_URL}?newwin`,
+        true
+      );
+      BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#open_in_new_tab",
+        {},
+        outerBrowser
+      );
+      let secondTab = await secondTabPromise;
+      let nestedBrowser = secondTab.linkedBrowser;
+
+      await SpecialPowers.spawn(nestedBrowser, [], function () {
+        ok(content.opener, "this window has an opener");
+      });
+
+      await testNewTab(nestedBrowser);
+
+      isnot(
+        secondTab.linkedBrowser,
+        null,
+        "the page that triggered the download is still open"
+      );
+      BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(secondTab);
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function cleanup() {
+  // Unregister our factory from XPCOM and restore the original CID.
+  registrar.unregisterFactory(MOCK_HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID, mockHelperAppService);
+  registrar.registerFactory(
+    HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID,
+    "",
+    HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT_ID,
+    null
+  );
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_auto_close_window_nodialog.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_auto_close_window_nodialog.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f1e8ab18e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_auto_close_window_nodialog.js
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+ * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+const { ComponentUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/ComponentUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const ROOT = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+const PAGE_URL = ROOT + "download_page.html";
+const SJS_URL = ROOT + "download.sjs";
+
+const HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT_ID = "@mozilla.org/helperapplauncherdialog;1";
+const HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID = Components.ID(
+  Cc[HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT_ID].number
+);
+const MOCK_HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID = Components.ID(
+  "{2f372b6f-56c9-46d5-af0d-9f09bb69860c}"
+);
+
+let registrar = Components.manager.QueryInterface(Ci.nsIComponentRegistrar);
+let curSaveResolve = null;
+
+function HelperAppLauncherDialog() {}
+
+HelperAppLauncherDialog.prototype = {
+  show(aLauncher, aWindowContext, aReason) {
+    ok(false, "Shouldn't be showing the helper app dialog");
+    executeSoon(() => {
+      aLauncher.cancel(Cr.NS_ERROR_ABORT);
+    });
+  },
+  promptForSaveToFileAsync(aLauncher, aWindowContext, aReason) {
+    ok(true, "Shouldn't be showing the helper app dialog");
+    curSaveResolve(aWindowContext);
+    executeSoon(() => {
+      aLauncher.cancel(Cr.NS_ERROR_ABORT);
+    });
+  },
+  QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI(["nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog"]),
+};
+
+function promiseSave() {
+  return new Promise(resolve => {
+    curSaveResolve = resolve;
+  });
+}
+
+let mockHelperAppService;
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  // Replace the real helper app dialog with our own.
+  mockHelperAppService = ComponentUtils.generateSingletonFactory(
+    HelperAppLauncherDialog
+  );
+  registrar.registerFactory(
+    MOCK_HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID,
+    "",
+    HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT_ID,
+    mockHelperAppService
+  );
+
+  // Ensure we always prompt for these downloads.
+  const HandlerService = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"
+  ].getService(Ci.nsIHandlerService);
+
+  const MIMEService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+  const mimeInfo = MIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "application/octet-stream",
+    "bin"
+  );
+  mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  mimeInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk;
+  HandlerService.store(mimeInfo);
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    HandlerService.remove(mimeInfo);
+  });
+});
+
+add_task(async function simple_navigation() {
+  // Tests that simple navigation gives us the right windowContext (that is,
+  // the window that we're using).
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let saveHappened = promiseSave();
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#regular_load",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+      let windowContext = await saveHappened;
+
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+// Given a browser pointing to download_page.html, clicks on the link that
+// opens with target="_blank" (i.e. a new tab) and ensures that we
+// automatically open and close that tab.
+async function testNewTab(browser) {
+  let saveHappened = promiseSave();
+  let tabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+    gBrowser.tabContainer,
+    "TabOpen"
+  ).then(event => {
+    return [event.target, BrowserTestUtils.waitForTabClosing(event.target)];
+  });
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter("#target_blank", {}, browser);
+
+  let windowContext = await saveHappened;
+  is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+  let [tab, closingPromise] = await tabOpened;
+  await closingPromise;
+  is(tab.linkedBrowser, null, "tab was opened and closed");
+}
+
+add_task(async function target_blank() {
+  // Tests that a link with target=_blank opens a new tab and closes it,
+  // returning the window that we're using for navigation.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      await testNewTab(browser);
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function target_blank_no_opener() {
+  // Tests that a link with target=_blank and no opener opens a new tab
+  // and closes it, returning the window that we're using for navigation.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let saveHappened = promiseSave();
+      let tabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+        gBrowser.tabContainer,
+        "TabOpen"
+      ).then(event => {
+        return [event.target, BrowserTestUtils.waitForTabClosing(event.target)];
+      });
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#target_blank_no_opener",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+
+      let windowContext = await saveHappened;
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+      let [tab, closingPromise] = await tabOpened;
+      await closingPromise;
+      is(tab.linkedBrowser, null, "tab was opened and closed");
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function open_in_new_tab_no_opener() {
+  // Tests that a link with target=_blank and no opener opens a new tab
+  // and closes it, returning the window that we're using for navigation.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let saveHappened = promiseSave();
+      let tabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+        gBrowser.tabContainer,
+        "TabOpen"
+      ).then(event => {
+        return [event.target, BrowserTestUtils.waitForTabClosing(event.target)];
+      });
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#open_in_new_tab_no_opener",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+
+      let windowContext = await saveHappened;
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+      let [tab, closingPromise] = await tabOpened;
+      await closingPromise;
+      is(tab.linkedBrowser, null, "tab was opened and closed");
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function new_window() {
+  // Tests that a link that forces us to open a new window (by specifying a
+  // width and a height in window.open) opens a new window for the load,
+  // realizes that we need to close that window and returns the *original*
+  // window as the window context.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let saveHappened = promiseSave();
+      let windowOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewWindow();
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#new_window",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+      let win = await windowOpened;
+      // Now allow request to complete:
+      fetch(SJS_URL + "?finish");
+
+      let windowContext = await saveHappened;
+      is(windowContext, browser.ownerGlobal, "got the right windowContext");
+
+      // The window should close on its own. If not, this test will time out.
+      await BrowserTestUtils.domWindowClosed(win);
+      ok(win.closed, "window was opened and closed");
+
+      is(
+        await fetch(SJS_URL + "?reset").then(r => r.text()),
+        "OK",
+        "Test reseted"
+      );
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function new_window_no_opener() {
+  // Tests that a link that forces us to open a new window (by specifying a
+  // width and a height in window.open) opens a new window for the load,
+  // realizes that we need to close that window and returns the *original*
+  // window as the window context.
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (browser) {
+      let saveHappened = promiseSave();
+      let windowOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewWindow();
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#new_window_no_opener",
+        {},
+        browser
+      );
+      let win = await windowOpened;
+      // Now allow request to complete:
+      fetch(SJS_URL + "?finish");
+
+      await saveHappened;
+
+      // The window should close on its own. If not, this test will time out.
+      await BrowserTestUtils.domWindowClosed(win);
+      ok(win.closed, "window was opened and closed");
+
+      is(
+        await fetch(SJS_URL + "?reset").then(r => r.text()),
+        "OK",
+        "Test reseted"
+      );
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function nested_window_opens() {
+  // Tests that the window auto-closing feature works if the download is
+  // initiated by a window that, itself, has an opener (see bug 1373109).
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser, url: PAGE_URL },
+    async function (outerBrowser) {
+      let secondTabPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(
+        gBrowser,
+        `${PAGE_URL}?newwin`,
+        true
+      );
+      BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "#open_in_new_tab",
+        {},
+        outerBrowser
+      );
+      let secondTab = await secondTabPromise;
+      let nestedBrowser = secondTab.linkedBrowser;
+
+      await SpecialPowers.spawn(nestedBrowser, [], function () {
+        ok(content.opener, "this window has an opener");
+      });
+
+      await testNewTab(nestedBrowser);
+
+      isnot(
+        secondTab.linkedBrowser,
+        null,
+        "the page that triggered the download is still open"
+      );
+      BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(secondTab);
+    }
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function cleanup() {
+  // Unregister our factory from XPCOM and restore the original CID.
+  registrar.unregisterFactory(MOCK_HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID, mockHelperAppService);
+  registrar.registerFactory(
+    HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CID,
+    "",
+    HELPERAPP_DIALOG_CONTRACT_ID,
+    null
+  );
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_bad_download_dir.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_bad_download_dir.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7fe22e0661
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_bad_download_dir.js
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+let { FileTestUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/FileTestUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const ROOT = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+const TEST_FILE = ROOT + "download.bin";
+
+add_task(async function test_check_download_dir() {
+  // Force XDG dir to somewhere that has no config files, causing lookups of the
+  // system download dir to fail:
+  let newXDGRoot = FileTestUtils.getTempFile("xdgstuff");
+  newXDGRoot.create(Ci.nsIFile.DIRECTORY_TYPE, 0o755);
+  let oldXDG = Services.env.exists("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
+    ? Services.env.get("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
+    : "";
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => Services.env.set("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", oldXDG));
+  Services.env.set("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", newXDGRoot.path + "/");
+
+  let propBundle = Services.strings.createBundle(
+    "chrome://mozapps/locale/downloads/downloads.properties"
+  );
+  let dlRoot = PathUtils.join(
+    Services.dirsvc.get("Home", Ci.nsIFile).path,
+    propBundle.GetStringFromName("downloadsFolder")
+  );
+
+  // Check lookups fail:
+  Assert.throws(
+    () => Services.dirsvc.get("DfltDwnld", Ci.nsIFile),
+    /NS_ERROR_FAILURE/,
+    "Should throw when asking for downloads dir."
+  );
+
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      // Avoid opening dialogs
+      ["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false],
+      // Switch back to default OS downloads dir (changed in head.js):
+      ["browser.download.folderList", 1],
+    ],
+  });
+
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  let downloadFinished = promiseDownloadFinished(publicList);
+  let tab = BrowserTestUtils.addTab(gBrowser, TEST_FILE);
+  let dl = await downloadFinished;
+  ok(dl.succeeded, "Download should succeed.");
+  Assert.stringContains(
+    dl.target.path,
+    dlRoot,
+    "Should store download under DL folder root."
+  );
+  let dlKids = await IOUtils.getChildren(dlRoot);
+  ok(
+    dlKids.includes(dl.target.path),
+    "Download should be a direct child of the DL folder."
+  );
+  await IOUtils.remove(dl.target.path);
+
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(tab);
+
+  // Download a second file to make sure we're not continuously adding filenames
+  // onto the download folder path.
+  downloadFinished = promiseDownloadFinished(publicList);
+  tab = BrowserTestUtils.addTab(gBrowser, TEST_FILE);
+  dl = await downloadFinished;
+  Assert.stringContains(
+    dl.target.path,
+    dlRoot,
+    "Second download should store download under new DL folder root."
+  );
+  dlKids = await IOUtils.getChildren(dlRoot);
+  ok(
+    dlKids.includes(dl.target.path),
+    "Second download should be a direct child of the new DL folder."
+  );
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(tab);
+  await IOUtils.remove(dl.target.path);
+
+  await publicList.removeFinished();
+  await IOUtils.remove(newXDGRoot.path);
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_always_ask_preferred_app.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_always_ask_preferred_app.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b4bfe5e51a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_always_ask_preferred_app.js
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+add_task(async function () {
+  // Create mocked objects for test
+  let launcher = createMockedObjects(false);
+  // Open helper app dialog with mocked launcher
+  let dlg = await openHelperAppDialog(launcher);
+  let doc = dlg.document;
+  let location = doc.getElementById("source");
+  let expectedValue = launcher.source.prePath;
+  if (location.value != expectedValue) {
+    info("Waiting for dialog to be populated.");
+    await BrowserTestUtils.waitForAttribute("value", location, expectedValue);
+  }
+  is(
+    doc.getElementById("mode").selectedItem.id,
+    "open",
+    "Should be opening the file."
+  );
+  ok(
+    !dlg.document.getElementById("openHandler").selectedItem.hidden,
+    "Should not have selected a hidden item."
+  );
+  let helperAppDialogHiddenPromise = BrowserTestUtils.windowClosed(dlg);
+  doc.getElementById("unknownContentType").cancelDialog();
+  await helperAppDialogHiddenPromise;
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_idn_blocklist.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_idn_blocklist.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0d49a898a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_idn_blocklist.js
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const TEST_HOST = "example.org";
+const TEST_FILE = "\u3002.bin";
+const TEST_URL = `http://${TEST_HOST}/${TEST_FILE}`;
+
+const { XPCShellContentUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/XPCShellContentUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+XPCShellContentUtils.initMochitest(this);
+const server = XPCShellContentUtils.createHttpServer({
+  hosts: [TEST_HOST],
+});
+let file = getChromeDir(getResolvedURI(gTestPath));
+file.append("download.bin");
+server.registerFile(`/${encodeURIComponent(TEST_FILE)}`, file);
+
+/**
+ * Check that IDN blocklisted characters are not escaped in
+ * download file names.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_idn_blocklisted_char_not_escaped() {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false]],
+  });
+
+  info("Testing with " + TEST_URL);
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+  });
+  let downloadFinished = promiseDownloadFinished(publicList);
+  var tab = BrowserTestUtils.addTab(gBrowser, TEST_URL);
+  let dl = await downloadFinished;
+  ok(dl.succeeded, "Download should succeed.");
+  Assert.equal(
+    PathUtils.filename(dl.target.path),
+    TEST_FILE,
+    "Should not escape a download file name."
+  );
+  await IOUtils.remove(dl.target.path);
+
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(tab);
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_open_with_internal_handler.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_open_with_internal_handler.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e39d9ff04f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_open_with_internal_handler.js
@@ -0,0 +1,818 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+requestLongerTimeout(2);
+
+const { Downloads } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/Downloads.sys.mjs"
+);
+const { DownloadIntegration } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+const MimeSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+const HandlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+  Ci.nsIHandlerService
+);
+
+let MockFilePicker = SpecialPowers.MockFilePicker;
+MockFilePicker.init(window);
+
+function waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc) {
+  let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+  let button = dialog.getButton("accept");
+  return TestUtils.waitForCondition(
+    () => !button.disabled,
+    "Wait for Accept button to get enabled"
+  );
+}
+
+async function waitForPdfJS(browser, url) {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["pdfjs.eventBusDispatchToDOM", true]],
+  });
+  // Runs tests after all "load" event handlers have fired off
+  let loadPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForContentEvent(
+    browser,
+    "documentloaded",
+    false,
+    null,
+    true
+  );
+  BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(browser, url);
+  return loadPromise;
+}
+
+/**
+ * This test covers which choices are presented for downloaded files and how
+ * those choices are handled. Unless a pref is enabled
+ * (browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types) the unknown content
+ * dialog will be skipped altogether by default when downloading.
+ * To retain coverage for the non-default scenario, each task sets `alwaysAskBeforeHandling`
+ * to true for the relevant mime-type and extensions.
+ */
+function alwaysAskForHandlingTypes(typeExtensions, ask = true) {
+  let mimeInfos = [];
+  for (let [type, ext] of Object.entries(typeExtensions)) {
+    const mimeInfo = MimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(type, ext);
+    mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = ask;
+    if (!ask) {
+      mimeInfo.preferredAction = mimeInfo.handleInternally;
+    }
+    HandlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+    mimeInfos.push(mimeInfo);
+  }
+  return mimeInfos;
+}
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  // Remove the security delay for the dialog during the test.
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      ["security.dialog_enable_delay", 0],
+      ["browser.helperApps.showOpenOptionForPdfJS", true],
+      ["browser.helperApps.showOpenOptionForViewableInternally", true],
+    ],
+  });
+
+  // Restore handlers after the whole test has run
+  const registerRestoreHandler = function (type, ext) {
+    const mimeInfo = MimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(type, ext);
+    const existed = HandlerSvc.exists(mimeInfo);
+
+    registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+      if (existed) {
+        HandlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+      } else {
+        HandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+      }
+    });
+  };
+  registerRestoreHandler("application/pdf", "pdf");
+  registerRestoreHandler("binary/octet-stream", "pdf");
+  registerRestoreHandler("application/unknown", "pdf");
+  registerRestoreHandler("image/webp", "webp");
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that loading a PDF file with content-disposition: attachment
+ * shows an option to open with the internal handler, and that the
+ * internal option handler is not present when the download button
+ * is clicked from pdf.js.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_check_open_with_internal_handler() {
+  const mimeInfosToRestore = alwaysAskForHandlingTypes({
+    "application/pdf": "pdf",
+    "binary/octet-stream": "pdf",
+  });
+
+  for (let file of [
+    "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf",
+    "file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf",
+  ]) {
+    info("Testing with " + file);
+    let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+    registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+      await publicList.removeFinished();
+    });
+    let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+      gBrowser,
+      opening: TEST_PATH + file,
+      waitForLoad: false,
+      waitForStateStop: true,
+    });
+    // Add an extra tab after the loading tab so we can test that
+    // pdf.js is opened in the adjacent tab and not at the end of
+    // the tab strip.
+    let extraTab = await BrowserTestUtils.addTab(gBrowser, "about:blank");
+    let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+    is(
+      dialogWindow.location.href,
+      "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+      "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+    );
+    let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+    let internalHandlerRadio = doc.querySelector("#handleInternally");
+
+    await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+
+    ok(!internalHandlerRadio.hidden, "The option should be visible for PDF");
+    ok(internalHandlerRadio.selected, "The option should be selected");
+
+    let downloadFinishedPromise = promiseDownloadFinished(publicList);
+    let newTabPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(gBrowser);
+    let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+    let button = dialog.getButton("accept");
+    button.disabled = false;
+    dialog.acceptDialog();
+    info("waiting for new tab to open");
+    let newTab = await newTabPromise;
+
+    is(
+      newTab._tPos - 1,
+      loadingTab._tPos,
+      "pdf.js should be opened in an adjacent tab"
+    );
+
+    await ContentTask.spawn(newTab.linkedBrowser, null, async () => {
+      await ContentTaskUtils.waitForCondition(
+        () => content.document.readyState == "complete"
+      );
+    });
+
+    let publicDownloads = await publicList.getAll();
+    is(
+      publicDownloads.length,
+      1,
+      "download should appear in publicDownloads list"
+    );
+
+    let download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+
+    let subdialogPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    // Current tab has file: URI and TEST_PATH is http uri, so uri will be different
+    BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(newTab.linkedBrowser, TEST_PATH + file);
+    let subDialogWindow = await subdialogPromise;
+    let subDoc = subDialogWindow.document;
+
+    // Prevent racing with initialization of the dialog and make sure that
+    // the final state of the dialog has the correct visibility of the internal-handler option.
+    await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(subDoc);
+    let subInternalHandlerRadio = subDoc.querySelector("#handleInternally");
+    ok(
+      !subInternalHandlerRadio.hidden,
+      "This option should be shown when the dialog is shown for another PDF"
+    );
+    // Cancel dialog
+    subDoc.querySelector("#unknownContentType").cancelDialog();
+
+    let filepickerPromise = new Promise(resolve => {
+      MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+        setTimeout(() => {
+          resolve(fp.defaultString);
+        }, 0);
+        return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+      };
+    });
+
+    subdialogPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    await SpecialPowers.spawn(newTab.linkedBrowser, [], async () => {
+      let downloadButton;
+      await ContentTaskUtils.waitForCondition(() => {
+        downloadButton = content.document.querySelector("#download");
+        return !!downloadButton;
+      });
+      ok(downloadButton, "Download button should be present in pdf.js");
+      downloadButton.click();
+    });
+    info(
+      "Waiting for unknown content type dialog to appear from pdf.js download button click"
+    );
+    let filename = await filepickerPromise;
+    is(filename, file, "filename was set in filepicker");
+
+    // Remove the first file (can't do this sooner or the second load fails):
+    if (download?.target.exists) {
+      try {
+        info("removing " + download.target.path);
+        await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+      } catch (ex) {
+        /* ignore */
+      }
+    }
+
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(newTab);
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(extraTab);
+
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+  }
+  for (let mimeInfo of mimeInfosToRestore) {
+    HandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test that choosing to open in an external application doesn't
+ * open the PDF into pdf.js
+ */
+add_task(async function test_check_open_with_external_application() {
+  const mimeInfosToRestore = alwaysAskForHandlingTypes({
+    "application/pdf": "pdf",
+    "binary/octet-stream": "pdf",
+  });
+
+  for (let file of [
+    "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf",
+    "file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf",
+  ]) {
+    info("Testing with " + file);
+    let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+    registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+      await publicList.removeFinished();
+    });
+    let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+      gBrowser,
+      opening: TEST_PATH + file,
+      waitForLoad: false,
+      waitForStateStop: true,
+    });
+    let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+    is(
+      dialogWindow.location.href,
+      "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+      "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+    );
+
+    let oldLaunchFile = DownloadIntegration.launchFile;
+    let waitForLaunchFileCalled = new Promise(resolve => {
+      DownloadIntegration.launchFile = () => {
+        ok(true, "The file should be launched with an external application");
+        resolve();
+      };
+    });
+
+    let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+    await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+    let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+    doc.querySelector("#open").click();
+    let button = dialog.getButton("accept");
+    button.disabled = false;
+    info("Accepting the dialog");
+    dialog.acceptDialog();
+    info("Waiting until DownloadIntegration.launchFile is called");
+    await waitForLaunchFileCalled;
+    DownloadIntegration.launchFile = oldLaunchFile;
+
+    let publicDownloads = await publicList.getAll();
+    is(
+      publicDownloads.length,
+      1,
+      "download should appear in publicDownloads list"
+    );
+    let download = publicDownloads[0];
+    ok(
+      !download.launchWhenSucceeded,
+      "launchWhenSucceeded should be false after launchFile is called"
+    );
+
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+    if (download?.target.exists) {
+      try {
+        info("removing " + download.target.path);
+        await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+      } catch (ex) {
+        /* ignore */
+      }
+    }
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+  }
+  for (let mimeInfo of mimeInfosToRestore) {
+    HandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test that choosing to open a PDF with an external application works and
+ * then downloading the same file again and choosing Open with Firefox opens
+ * the download in Firefox.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_check_open_with_external_then_internal() {
+  // This test only runs on Windows because appPicker.xhtml is only used on Windows.
+  if (AppConstants.platform != "win") {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // This test covers a bug that only occurs when the mimeInfo is set to Always Ask
+  const mimeInfo = MimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("application/pdf", "pdf");
+  console.log(
+    "mimeInfo.preferredAction is currently:",
+    mimeInfo.preferredAction
+  );
+  mimeInfo.preferredAction = mimeInfo.alwaysAsk;
+  mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  HandlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+
+  for (let [file, mimeType] of [
+    ["file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf", "application/pdf"],
+    ["file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf", "binary/octet-stream"],
+    ["file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf", "application/unknown"],
+  ]) {
+    info("Testing with " + file);
+    let originalMimeInfo = MimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(mimeType, "pdf");
+
+    let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+    registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+      await publicList.removeFinished();
+    });
+    let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    // Open a new tab to the PDF file which will trigger the Unknown Content Type dialog
+    // and choose to open the PDF with an external application.
+    let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+      gBrowser,
+      opening: TEST_PATH + file,
+      waitForLoad: false,
+      waitForStateStop: true,
+    });
+    let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+    is(
+      dialogWindow.location.href,
+      "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+      "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+    );
+
+    let oldLaunchFile = DownloadIntegration.launchFile;
+    let waitForLaunchFileCalled = new Promise(resolve => {
+      DownloadIntegration.launchFile = () => {
+        ok(true, "The file should be launched with an external application");
+        resolve();
+      };
+    });
+
+    let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+    await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+    let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+    let openHandlerMenulist = doc.querySelector("#openHandler");
+    let originalDefaultHandler = openHandlerMenulist.label;
+    doc.querySelector("#open").click();
+    doc.querySelector("#openHandlerPopup").click();
+    let oldOpenDialog = dialogWindow.openDialog;
+    dialogWindow.openDialog = (location, unused2, unused3, params) => {
+      is(location, "chrome://global/content/appPicker.xhtml", "app picker");
+      let handlerApp = params.mimeInfo.possibleLocalHandlers.queryElementAt(
+        0,
+        Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp
+      );
+      ok(handlerApp.executable, "handlerApp should be executable");
+      ok(handlerApp.executable.isFile(), "handlerApp should be a file");
+      params.handlerApp = handlerApp;
+    };
+    doc.querySelector("#choose").click();
+    dialogWindow.openDialog = oldOpenDialog;
+    await TestUtils.waitForCondition(
+      () => originalDefaultHandler != openHandlerMenulist.label,
+      "waiting for openHandler to get updated"
+    );
+    let newDefaultHandler = openHandlerMenulist.label;
+    info(`was ${originalDefaultHandler}, now ${newDefaultHandler}`);
+    let button = dialog.getButton("accept");
+    button.disabled = false;
+    info("Accepting the dialog");
+    dialog.acceptDialog();
+    info("Waiting until DownloadIntegration.launchFile is called");
+    await waitForLaunchFileCalled;
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+
+    // Now, open a new tab to the PDF file which will trigger the Unknown Content Type dialog
+    // and choose to open the PDF internally. The previously used external application should be shown as
+    // the external option.
+    dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+      gBrowser,
+      opening: TEST_PATH + file,
+      waitForLoad: false,
+      waitForStateStop: true,
+    });
+    dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+    is(
+      dialogWindow.location.href,
+      "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+      "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+    );
+
+    DownloadIntegration.launchFile = () => {
+      ok(false, "The file should not be launched with an external application");
+    };
+
+    doc = dialogWindow.document;
+    await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+    openHandlerMenulist = doc.querySelector("#openHandler");
+    is(openHandlerMenulist.label, newDefaultHandler, "'new' handler");
+    dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+    doc.querySelector("#handleInternally").click();
+    info("Accepting the dialog");
+    button = dialog.getButton("accept");
+    button.disabled = false;
+    let newTabPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(gBrowser);
+    dialog.acceptDialog();
+
+    info("waiting for new tab to open");
+    let newTab = await newTabPromise;
+
+    await ContentTask.spawn(newTab.linkedBrowser, null, async () => {
+      await ContentTaskUtils.waitForCondition(
+        () => content.document.readyState == "complete"
+      );
+    });
+
+    is(
+      newTab.linkedBrowser.contentPrincipal.origin,
+      "resource://pdf.js",
+      "PDF should be opened with pdf.js"
+    );
+
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(newTab);
+
+    // Now trigger the dialog again and select the system
+    // default option to reset the state for the next iteration of the test.
+    // Reset the state for the next iteration of the test.
+    HandlerSvc.store(originalMimeInfo);
+    DownloadIntegration.launchFile = oldLaunchFile;
+    let [download] = await publicList.getAll();
+    if (download?.target.exists) {
+      try {
+        info("removing " + download.target.path);
+        await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+      } catch (ex) {
+        /* ignore */
+      }
+    }
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that the "Open with internal handler" option is presented
+ * for other viewable internally types.
+ */
+add_task(
+  async function test_internal_handler_hidden_with_viewable_internally_type() {
+    await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+      set: [["image.webp.enabled", true]],
+    });
+
+    const mimeInfosToRestore = alwaysAskForHandlingTypes({
+      "binary/octet-stream": "xml",
+      "image/webp": "webp",
+    });
+
+    for (let [file, checkDefault] of [
+      // The default for binary/octet-stream is changed by the PDF tests above,
+      // this may change given bug 1659008, so I'm just ignoring the default for now.
+      ["file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml", false],
+      ["file_green.webp", true],
+    ]) {
+      let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+      let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+        gBrowser,
+        opening: TEST_PATH + file,
+        waitForLoad: false,
+        waitForStateStop: true,
+      });
+      let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+      is(
+        dialogWindow.location.href,
+        "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+        "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+      );
+      let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+      let internalHandlerRadio = doc.querySelector("#handleInternally");
+
+      // Prevent racing with initialization of the dialog and make sure that
+      // the final state of the dialog has the correct visibility of the internal-handler option.
+      await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+
+      let fileDesc = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
+
+      ok(
+        !internalHandlerRadio.hidden,
+        `The option should be visible for ${fileDesc}`
+      );
+      if (checkDefault) {
+        ok(
+          internalHandlerRadio.selected,
+          `The option should be selected for ${fileDesc}`
+        );
+      }
+
+      let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+      dialog.cancelDialog();
+      BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+    }
+    for (let mimeInfo of mimeInfosToRestore) {
+      HandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+    }
+  }
+);
+
+/**
+ * Check that the "Open with internal handler" option is not presented
+ * for non-PDF, non-viewable-internally types.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_internal_handler_hidden_with_other_type() {
+  const mimeInfosToRestore = alwaysAskForHandlingTypes({
+    "text/plain": "txt",
+  });
+
+  let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+  let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+    gBrowser,
+    opening: TEST_PATH + "file_txt_attachment_test.txt",
+    waitForLoad: false,
+    waitForStateStop: true,
+  });
+  let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+  is(
+    dialogWindow.location.href,
+    "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+    "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+  );
+  let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+
+  // Prevent racing with initialization of the dialog and make sure that
+  // the final state of the dialog has the correct visibility of the internal-handler option.
+  await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+
+  let internalHandlerRadio = doc.querySelector("#handleInternally");
+  ok(
+    internalHandlerRadio.hidden,
+    "The option should be hidden for unknown file type"
+  );
+
+  let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+  dialog.cancelDialog();
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+  for (let mimeInfo of mimeInfosToRestore) {
+    HandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that the "Open with internal handler" option is not presented
+ * when the feature is disabled for PDFs.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_internal_handler_hidden_with_pdf_pref_disabled() {
+  const mimeInfosToRestore = alwaysAskForHandlingTypes({
+    "application/pdf": "pdf",
+    "binary/octet-stream": "pdf",
+  });
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["browser.helperApps.showOpenOptionForPdfJS", false]],
+  });
+  for (let file of [
+    "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf",
+    "file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf",
+  ]) {
+    let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+      gBrowser,
+      opening: TEST_PATH + file,
+      waitForLoad: false,
+      waitForStateStop: true,
+    });
+    let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+    is(
+      dialogWindow.location.href,
+      "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+      "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+    );
+    let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+
+    await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+
+    let internalHandlerRadio = doc.querySelector("#handleInternally");
+    ok(
+      internalHandlerRadio.hidden,
+      "The option should be hidden for PDF when the pref is false"
+    );
+
+    let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+    dialog.cancelDialog();
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+  }
+  for (let mimeInfo of mimeInfosToRestore) {
+    HandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that the "Open with internal handler" option is not presented
+ * for other viewable internally types when disabled.
+ */
+add_task(
+  async function test_internal_handler_hidden_with_viewable_internally_pref_disabled() {
+    const mimeInfosToRestore = alwaysAskForHandlingTypes({
+      "text/xml": "xml",
+    });
+    await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+      set: [["browser.helperApps.showOpenOptionForViewableInternally", false]],
+    });
+    let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+      gBrowser,
+      opening: TEST_PATH + "file_xml_attachment_test.xml",
+      waitForLoad: false,
+      waitForStateStop: true,
+    });
+    let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+    is(
+      dialogWindow.location.href,
+      "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+      "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+    );
+    let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+
+    await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+
+    let internalHandlerRadio = doc.querySelector("#handleInternally");
+    ok(
+      internalHandlerRadio.hidden,
+      "The option should be hidden for XML when the pref is false"
+    );
+
+    let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+    dialog.cancelDialog();
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+    for (let mimeInfo of mimeInfosToRestore) {
+      HandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+    }
+  }
+);
+
+/*
+ * This test sets the action to internal. The files should open directly without asking.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_check_open_with_internal_handler_noask() {
+  const mimeInfosToRestore = alwaysAskForHandlingTypes(
+    {
+      "application/pdf": "pdf",
+      "binary/octet-stream": "pdf",
+      "application/octet-stream": "pdf",
+    },
+    false
+  );
+
+  // Build the matrix of tests to perform.
+  let matrix = {
+    alwaysOpenPDFInline: [false, true],
+    file: [
+      "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf",
+      "file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf",
+      "file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf",
+    ],
+    where: ["top", "popup", "frame"],
+  };
+  let tests = [{}];
+  for (let [key, values] of Object.entries(matrix)) {
+    tests = tests.flatMap(test =>
+      values.map(value => ({ [key]: value, ...test }))
+    );
+  }
+
+  for (let test of tests) {
+    info(`test case: ${JSON.stringify(test)}`);
+    let { alwaysOpenPDFInline, file, where } = test;
+
+    // These are the cases that can be opened inline. binary/octet-stream
+    // isn't handled by pdfjs.
+    let canHandleInline =
+      file == "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf" ||
+      (file == "file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf" && where != "frame");
+
+    await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+      set: [
+        ["browser.helperApps.showOpenOptionForPdfJS", true],
+        ["browser.helperApps.showOpenOptionForViewableInternally", true],
+        ["browser.download.open_pdf_attachments_inline", alwaysOpenPDFInline],
+      ],
+    });
+
+    async function doNavigate(browser) {
+      await SpecialPowers.spawn(
+        browser,
+        [TEST_PATH + file, where],
+        async (contentUrl, where_) => {
+          switch (where_) {
+            case "top":
+              content.location = contentUrl;
+              break;
+            case "popup":
+              content.open(contentUrl);
+              break;
+            case "frame":
+              let frame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+              frame.setAttribute("src", contentUrl);
+              content.document.body.appendChild(frame);
+              break;
+            default:
+              ok(false, "Unknown where value");
+              break;
+          }
+        }
+      );
+    }
+
+    // If this is true, the pdf is opened directly without downloading it.
+    // Otherwise, it must first be downloaded and optionally displayed in
+    // a tab with a file url.
+    let openPDFDirectly = alwaysOpenPDFInline && canHandleInline;
+
+    await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+      { gBrowser, url: TEST_PATH + "blank.html" },
+      async browser => {
+        let readyPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(
+          gBrowser,
+          null,
+          false,
+          !openPDFDirectly
+        );
+
+        await doNavigate(browser);
+
+        await readyPromise;
+
+        is(
+          gBrowser.selectedBrowser.currentURI.scheme,
+          openPDFDirectly ? "https" : "file",
+          "Loaded PDF uri has the correct scheme"
+        );
+
+        // intentionally don't bother checking session history without ship to
+        // keep complexity down.
+        if (Services.appinfo.sessionHistoryInParent) {
+          let shistory = browser.browsingContext.sessionHistory;
+          is(shistory.count, 1, "should a single shentry");
+          is(shistory.index, 0, "should be on the first entry");
+          let shentry = shistory.getEntryAtIndex(shistory.index);
+          is(shentry.URI.spec, TEST_PATH + "blank.html");
+        }
+
+        await SpecialPowers.spawn(
+          browser,
+          [TEST_PATH + "blank.html"],
+          async blankUrl => {
+            ok(
+              !docShell.isAttemptingToNavigate,
+              "should not still be attempting to navigate"
+            );
+            is(
+              content.location.href,
+              blankUrl,
+              "original browser hasn't navigated"
+            );
+          }
+        );
+
+        await BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+      }
+    );
+  }
+
+  for (let mimeInfo of mimeInfosToRestore) {
+    HandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+  }
+});
+
+add_task(async () => {
+  MockFilePicker.cleanup();
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_preferred_action.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_preferred_action.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ebcc568fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_preferred_action.js
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+ * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const { DownloadIntegration } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+const { FileTestUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/FileTestUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+const gHandlerService = Cc[
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"
+].getService(Ci.nsIHandlerService);
+const gMIMEService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+const localHandlerAppFactory = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"];
+
+const ROOT_URL = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+const FILE_TYPES_MIME_SETTINGS = {};
+
+// File types to test
+const FILE_TYPES_TO_TEST = [
+  // application/ms-word files cannot render in the browser so
+  // handleInternally does not work for it
+  {
+    extension: "doc",
+    mimeType: "application/ms-word",
+    blockHandleInternally: true,
+  },
+  {
+    extension: "pdf",
+    mimeType: "application/pdf",
+  },
+  {
+    extension: "pdf",
+    mimeType: "application/unknown",
+  },
+  {
+    extension: "pdf",
+    mimeType: "binary/octet-stream",
+  },
+  // text/plain files automatically render in the browser unless
+  // the CD header explicitly tells the browser to download it
+  {
+    extension: "txt",
+    mimeType: "text/plain",
+    requireContentDispositionHeader: true,
+  },
+  {
+    extension: "xml",
+    mimeType: "binary/octet-stream",
+  },
+].map(file => {
+  return {
+    ...file,
+    url: `${ROOT_URL}mime_type_download.sjs?contentType=${file.mimeType}&extension=${file.extension}`,
+  };
+});
+
+// Preferred action types to apply to each downloaded file
+const PREFERRED_ACTIONS = [
+  "saveToDisk",
+  "alwaysAsk",
+  "useHelperApp",
+  "handleInternally",
+  "useSystemDefault",
+].map(property => {
+  let label = property.replace(/([A-Z])/g, " $1");
+  label = label.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + label.slice(1);
+  return {
+    id: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo[property],
+    label,
+  };
+});
+
+async function createDownloadTest(
+  downloadList,
+  localHandlerApp,
+  file,
+  action,
+  useContentDispositionHeader
+) {
+  // Skip handleInternally case for files that cannot be handled internally
+  if (
+    action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally &&
+    file.blockHandleInternally
+  ) {
+    return;
+  }
+  let skipDownload =
+    action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally &&
+    file.mimeType === "application/pdf";
+  // Types that require the CD header only display as handleInternally
+  // when the CD header is missing
+  if (file.requireContentDispositionHeader && !useContentDispositionHeader) {
+    if (action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally) {
+      skipDownload = true;
+    } else {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  info(
+    `Testing download with mime-type ${file.mimeType} and extension ${
+      file.extension
+    }, preferred action "${action.label}," and ${
+      useContentDispositionHeader
+        ? "Content-Disposition: attachment"
+        : "no Content-Disposition"
+    } header.`
+  );
+  info("Preparing for download...");
+  // apply preferredAction settings
+  let mimeSettings = gMIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    file.mimeType,
+    file.extension
+  );
+  mimeSettings.preferredAction = action.id;
+  mimeSettings.alwaysAskBeforeHandling =
+    action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk;
+  if (action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp) {
+    mimeSettings.preferredApplicationHandler = localHandlerApp;
+  }
+  gHandlerService.store(mimeSettings);
+  // delayed check for files opened in a new tab, except for skipped downloads
+  let expectViewInBrowserTab =
+    action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally && !skipDownload;
+  let viewInBrowserTabOpened = null;
+  if (expectViewInBrowserTab) {
+    viewInBrowserTabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(
+      gBrowser,
+      uri => uri.includes("file://"),
+      true
+    );
+  }
+  // delayed check for launched files
+  let expectLaunch =
+    action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault ||
+    action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp;
+  let oldLaunchFile = DownloadIntegration.launchFile;
+  let fileLaunched = null;
+  if (expectLaunch) {
+    fileLaunched = PromiseUtils.defer();
+    DownloadIntegration.launchFile = () => {
+      ok(
+        expectLaunch,
+        `The file ${file.mimeType} should be launched with an external application.`
+      );
+      fileLaunched.resolve();
+    };
+  }
+  info(`Start download of ${file.url}`);
+  let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+  let downloadFinishedPromise = skipDownload
+    ? null
+    : promiseDownloadFinished(downloadList);
+  BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(gBrowser.selectedBrowser, file.url);
+  if (action.id === Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk) {
+    info("Check Always Ask dialog.");
+    let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+    is(
+      dialogWindow.location.href,
+      "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+      "Should show unknownContentType dialog for Always Ask preferred actions."
+    );
+    let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+    let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+    let acceptButton = dialog.getButton("accept");
+    acceptButton.disabled = false;
+    let saveItem = doc.querySelector("#save");
+    saveItem.disabled = false;
+    saveItem.click();
+    dialog.acceptDialog();
+  }
+  let download = null;
+  let downloadPath = null;
+  if (!skipDownload) {
+    info("Wait for download to finish...");
+    download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+    downloadPath = download.target.path;
+  }
+  // check delayed assertions
+  if (expectLaunch) {
+    info("Wait for file to be launched in external application...");
+    await fileLaunched.promise;
+  }
+  if (expectViewInBrowserTab) {
+    info("Wait for file to be opened in new tab...");
+    let viewInBrowserTab = await viewInBrowserTabOpened;
+    ok(
+      viewInBrowserTab,
+      `The file ${file.mimeType} should be opened in a new tab.`
+    );
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(viewInBrowserTab);
+  }
+  info("Checking for saved file...");
+  let saveFound = downloadPath && (await IOUtils.exists(downloadPath));
+  info("Cleaning up...");
+  if (saveFound) {
+    try {
+      info(`Deleting file ${downloadPath}...`);
+      await IOUtils.remove(downloadPath);
+    } catch (ex) {
+      info(`Error: ${ex}`);
+    }
+  }
+  info("Removing download from list...");
+  await downloadList.removeFinished();
+  info("Clearing settings...");
+  DownloadIntegration.launchFile = oldLaunchFile;
+  info("Asserting results...");
+  if (download) {
+    ok(download.succeeded, "Download should complete successfully");
+    ok(
+      !download._launchedFromPanel,
+      "Download should never be launched from panel"
+    );
+  }
+  if (skipDownload) {
+    ok(!saveFound, "Download should not be saved to disk");
+  } else {
+    ok(saveFound, "Download should be saved to disk");
+  }
+}
+
+add_task(async function test_download_preferred_action() {
+  // Prepare tests
+  for (const index in FILE_TYPES_TO_TEST) {
+    let file = FILE_TYPES_TO_TEST[index];
+    let originalMimeSettings = gMIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+      file.mimeType,
+      file.extension
+    );
+    if (gHandlerService.exists(originalMimeSettings)) {
+      FILE_TYPES_MIME_SETTINGS[index] = originalMimeSettings;
+    }
+  }
+  let downloadList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  let oldLaunchFile = DownloadIntegration.launchFile;
+  registerCleanupFunction(async function () {
+    await removeAllDownloads();
+    DownloadIntegration.launchFile = oldLaunchFile;
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref(
+      "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types"
+    );
+    BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(gBrowser.selectedBrowser, "about:home");
+    for (const index in FILE_TYPES_TO_TEST) {
+      let file = FILE_TYPES_TO_TEST[index];
+      let mimeSettings = gMIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+        file.mimeType,
+        file.extension
+      );
+      if (FILE_TYPES_MIME_SETTINGS[index]) {
+        gHandlerService.store(FILE_TYPES_MIME_SETTINGS[index]);
+      } else {
+        gHandlerService.remove(mimeSettings);
+      }
+    }
+  });
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false]],
+  });
+  let launcherPath = FileTestUtils.getTempFile("app-launcher").path;
+  let localHandlerApp = localHandlerAppFactory.createInstance(
+    Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp
+  );
+  localHandlerApp.executable = new FileUtils.File(launcherPath);
+  localHandlerApp.executable.create(Ci.nsIFile.NORMAL_FILE_TYPE, 0o755);
+  // run tests
+  for (const file of FILE_TYPES_TO_TEST) {
+    // The CD header specifies the download file extension on download
+    let fileNoHeader = file;
+    let fileWithHeader = structuredClone(file);
+    fileWithHeader.url += "&withHeader";
+    for (const action of PREFERRED_ACTIONS) {
+      // Clone file objects to prevent side-effects between iterations
+      await createDownloadTest(
+        downloadList,
+        localHandlerApp,
+        structuredClone(fileWithHeader),
+        action,
+        true
+      );
+      await createDownloadTest(
+        downloadList,
+        localHandlerApp,
+        structuredClone(fileNoHeader),
+        action,
+        false
+      );
+    }
+  }
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_privatebrowsing.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_privatebrowsing.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ded5e6401
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_privatebrowsing.js
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+ * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+/**
+ * Tests that downloads started from a private window by clicking on a link end
+ * up in the global list of private downloads (see bug 1367581).
+ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const { Downloads } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/Downloads.sys.mjs"
+);
+const { DownloadPaths } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadPaths.sys.mjs"
+);
+const { FileTestUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/FileTestUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+const { MockRegistrar } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/MockRegistrar.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+add_task(async function test_setup() {
+  // Save downloads to disk without showing the dialog.
+  let cid = MockRegistrar.register("@mozilla.org/helperapplauncherdialog;1", {
+    QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI(["nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog"]),
+    show(launcher) {
+      launcher.promptForSaveDestination();
+    },
+    promptForSaveToFileAsync(launcher) {
+      // The dialog should create the empty placeholder file.
+      let file = FileTestUtils.getTempFile();
+      file.create(Ci.nsIFile.NORMAL_FILE_TYPE, FileUtils.PERMS_FILE);
+      launcher.saveDestinationAvailable(file);
+    },
+  });
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    MockRegistrar.unregister(cid);
+  });
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_download_privatebrowsing() {
+  let privateList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PRIVATE);
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+
+  let win = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewBrowserWindow({ private: true });
+  try {
+    let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+      win.gBrowser,
+      `data:text/html,<a download href="data:text/plain,">download</a>`
+    );
+
+    let promiseNextPrivateDownload = new Promise(resolve => {
+      privateList.addView({
+        onDownloadAdded(download) {
+          privateList.removeView(this);
+          resolve(download);
+        },
+      });
+    });
+
+    await SpecialPowers.spawn(tab.linkedBrowser, [], async function () {
+      content.document.querySelector("a").click();
+    });
+
+    // Wait for the download to finish so the file can be safely deleted later.
+    let download = await promiseNextPrivateDownload;
+    await download.whenSucceeded();
+
+    // Clean up after checking that there are no new public downloads either.
+    let publicDownloads = await publicList.getAll();
+    Assert.equal(publicDownloads.length, 0);
+    await privateList.removeFinished();
+  } finally {
+    await BrowserTestUtils.closeWindow(win);
+  }
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_skips_dialog.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_skips_dialog.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8cc9d68a07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_skips_dialog.js
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+const { DownloadIntegration } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+// New file is being downloaded and no dialogs are shown in the way.
+add_task(async function skipDialogAndDownloadFile() {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      ["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false],
+      ["browser.download.useDownloadDir", true],
+      ["image.webp.enabled", true],
+    ],
+  });
+
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+  });
+  let downloadFinishedPromise = promiseDownloadFinished(publicList);
+
+  let initialTabsCount = gBrowser.tabs.length;
+
+  let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+    gBrowser,
+    opening: TEST_PATH + "file_green.webp",
+    waitForLoad: false,
+    waitForStateStop: true,
+  });
+
+  // We just open the file to be downloaded... and wait for it to be downloaded!
+  // We see no dialogs to be accepted in the process.
+  let download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+  await BrowserTestUtils.waitForCondition(
+    () => gBrowser.tabs.length == initialTabsCount + 2
+  );
+
+  gBrowser.removeCurrentTab();
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+
+  Assert.ok(
+    await IOUtils.exists(download.target.path),
+    "The file should have been downloaded."
+  );
+
+  try {
+    info("removing " + download.target.path);
+    if (Services.appinfo.OS === "WINNT") {
+      // We need to make the file writable to delete it on Windows.
+      await IOUtils.setPermissions(download.target.path, 0o600);
+    }
+    await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+  } catch (ex) {
+    info("The file " + download.target.path + " is not removed, " + ex);
+  }
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_spam_permissions.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_spam_permissions.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f80af5ac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_spam_permissions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const { PermissionTestUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/PermissionTestUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const TEST_URI = "https://example.com";
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  TEST_URI
+);
+
+const AUTOMATIC_DOWNLOAD_TOPIC = "blocked-automatic-download";
+
+var MockFilePicker = SpecialPowers.MockFilePicker;
+MockFilePicker.init(window);
+registerCleanupFunction(() => MockFilePicker.cleanup());
+
+let gTempDownloadDir;
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  // Create temp directory
+  let time = new Date().getTime();
+  let tempDir = Services.dirsvc.get("TmpD", Ci.nsIFile);
+  tempDir.append(time);
+  gTempDownloadDir = tempDir;
+  Services.prefs.setIntPref("browser.download.folderList", 2);
+  Services.prefs.setComplexValue("browser.download.dir", Ci.nsIFile, tempDir);
+
+  PermissionTestUtils.add(
+    TEST_URI,
+    "automatic-download",
+    Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION
+  );
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      // We disable browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types here
+      // since the test expects the download to be saved directly to disk and
+      // not prompted by the UnknownContentType window.
+      ["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false],
+      ["browser.download.enable_spam_prevention", true],
+    ],
+  });
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.folderList");
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.dir");
+    await IOUtils.remove(tempDir.path, { recursive: true });
+  });
+});
+
+add_task(async function check_download_spam_permissions() {
+  const INITIAL_TABS_COUNT = gBrowser.tabs.length;
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  let downloadFinishedPromise = promiseDownloadFinished(
+    publicList,
+    true /* stop the download from openning */
+  );
+  let blockedDownloadsCount = 0;
+  let blockedDownloadsURI = "";
+  let automaticDownloadObserver = {
+    observe: function automatic_download_observe(aSubject, aTopic, aData) {
+      if (aTopic === AUTOMATIC_DOWNLOAD_TOPIC) {
+        blockedDownloadsCount++;
+        blockedDownloadsURI = aData;
+      }
+    },
+  };
+  Services.obs.addObserver(automaticDownloadObserver, AUTOMATIC_DOWNLOAD_TOPIC);
+
+  let newTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    TEST_PATH + "test_spammy_page.html"
+  );
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    DownloadIntegration.downloadSpamProtection.removeDownloadSpamForWindow(
+      TEST_URI,
+      window
+    );
+    DownloadsPanel.hidePanel();
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(newTab);
+    Services.obs.removeObserver(
+      automaticDownloadObserver,
+      AUTOMATIC_DOWNLOAD_TOPIC
+    );
+  });
+
+  let download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+  await TestUtils.waitForCondition(
+    () => gBrowser.tabs.length == INITIAL_TABS_COUNT + 1
+  );
+  is(
+    PermissionTestUtils.testPermission(TEST_URI, "automatic-download"),
+    Services.perms.PROMPT_ACTION,
+    "The permission to prompt the user should be stored."
+  );
+
+  ok(
+    await IOUtils.exists(download.target.path),
+    "One file should be downloaded"
+  );
+
+  let aCopyFilePath = download.target.path.replace(".pdf", "(1).pdf");
+  is(
+    await IOUtils.exists(aCopyFilePath),
+    false,
+    "An other file should be blocked"
+  );
+
+  info("Will wait for blockedDownloadsCount to be >= 99");
+  await TestUtils.waitForCondition(() => blockedDownloadsCount >= 99);
+  is(blockedDownloadsCount, 99, "Browser should block 99 downloads");
+  is(
+    blockedDownloadsURI,
+    TEST_URI,
+    "The test URI should have blocked automatic downloads"
+  );
+
+  await savelink();
+});
+
+// Check to ensure that a link saved manually is not blocked.
+async function savelink() {
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  let menu = document.getElementById("contentAreaContextMenu");
+  let popupShown = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(menu, "popupshown");
+  BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+    "#image",
+    5,
+    5,
+    { type: "contextmenu", button: 2 },
+    gBrowser.selectedBrowser
+  );
+  await popupShown;
+
+  await new Promise(resolve => {
+    MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+      resolve();
+      let file = gTempDownloadDir.clone();
+      file.append("file_with__funny_name.png");
+      MockFilePicker.setFiles([file]);
+      return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnOK;
+    };
+    let menuitem = menu.querySelector("#context-savelink");
+    menu.activateItem(menuitem);
+  });
+
+  await promiseDownloadFinished(
+    publicList,
+    true // stop the download from openning
+  );
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_urlescape.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_urlescape.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a2d10f69aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_download_urlescape.js
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+var MockFilePicker = SpecialPowers.MockFilePicker;
+MockFilePicker.init(window);
+registerCleanupFunction(() => MockFilePicker.cleanup());
+
+/**
+ * Check downloading files URL-escapes content-disposition
+ * information when necessary.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_check_filename_urlescape() {
+  let pendingPromise;
+  let pendingTest = "";
+  let expectedFileName = "";
+  MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+    info(`${pendingTest} - Filepicker shown, checking filename`);
+    is(
+      fp.defaultString,
+      expectedFileName,
+      `${pendingTest} - Should have escaped filename`
+    );
+    ok(
+      pendingPromise,
+      `${pendingTest} - Should have expected this picker open.`
+    );
+    if (pendingPromise) {
+      pendingPromise.resolve();
+    }
+    return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+  };
+  function runTestFor(fileName, selector) {
+    return BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(TEST_PATH + fileName, async browser => {
+      expectedFileName = fileName;
+      let tabLabel = gBrowser.getTabForBrowser(browser).getAttribute("label");
+      ok(
+        tabLabel.startsWith(fileName),
+        `"${tabLabel}" should have been escaped.`
+      );
+
+      pendingTest = "save browser";
+      pendingPromise = PromiseUtils.defer();
+      // First try to save the browser
+      saveBrowser(browser);
+      await pendingPromise.promise;
+
+      // Next, try the context menu:
+      pendingTest = "save from context menu";
+      pendingPromise = PromiseUtils.defer();
+      let menu = document.getElementById("contentAreaContextMenu");
+      let menuShown = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(menu, "popupshown");
+      BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+        selector,
+        5,
+        5,
+        { type: "contextmenu", button: 2 },
+        browser
+      );
+      await menuShown;
+      gContextMenu.saveMedia();
+      menu.hidePopup();
+      await pendingPromise.promise;
+      pendingPromise = null;
+    });
+  }
+  await runTestFor("file_with@@funny_name.png", "img");
+  await runTestFor("file_with[funny_name.webm", "video");
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_extension_correction.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_extension_correction.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d67bf7213
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_extension_correction.js
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+let gPathsToRemove = [];
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["browser.download.useDownloadDir", true]],
+  });
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    for (let path of gPathsToRemove) {
+      // IOUtils.remove ignores non-existing files out of the box.
+      await IOUtils.remove(path);
+    }
+    let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+  });
+});
+
+async function testLinkWithoutExtension(type, shouldHaveExtension) {
+  info("Checking " + type);
+
+  let task = function () {
+    return SpecialPowers.spawn(gBrowser.selectedBrowser, [type], mimetype => {
+      let link = content.document.createElement("a");
+      link.textContent = "Click me";
+      link.href = "data:" + mimetype + ",hello";
+      link.download = "somefile";
+      content.document.body.appendChild(link);
+      link.click();
+    });
+  };
+
+  await checkDownloadWithExtensionState(task, {
+    type,
+    shouldHaveExtension,
+    alwaysViewPDFInline: false,
+  });
+
+  if (type == "application/pdf") {
+    // For PDF, try again with the always open inline preference set
+    await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+      set: [["browser.download.open_pdf_attachments_inline", true]],
+    });
+
+    await checkDownloadWithExtensionState(task, {
+      type,
+      shouldHaveExtension,
+      alwaysViewPDFInline: true,
+    });
+
+    await SpecialPowers.popPrefEnv();
+  }
+}
+
+async function checkDownloadWithExtensionState(
+  task,
+  { type, shouldHaveExtension, expectedName = null, alwaysViewPDFInline }
+) {
+  const shouldExpectDialog = Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+    "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types",
+    false
+  );
+
+  let winPromise;
+  if (shouldExpectDialog) {
+    winPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+  }
+
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  let shouldCheckFilename = shouldHaveExtension || !shouldExpectDialog;
+
+  let downloadFinishedPromise = shouldCheckFilename
+    ? promiseDownloadFinished(publicList)
+    : null;
+
+  // PDF should load using the internal viewer without downloading it.
+  let waitForLoad;
+  if (
+    (!shouldExpectDialog || alwaysViewPDFInline) &&
+    type == "application/pdf"
+  ) {
+    waitForLoad = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(gBrowser);
+  }
+
+  await task();
+  await waitForLoad;
+
+  let win;
+  if (shouldExpectDialog) {
+    info("Waiting for dialog.");
+    win = await winPromise;
+  }
+
+  expectedName ??= shouldHaveExtension
+    ? "somefile." + getMIMEInfoForType(type).primaryExtension
+    : "somefile";
+
+  let closedPromise = true;
+  if (shouldExpectDialog) {
+    let actualName = win.document.getElementById("location").value;
+    closedPromise = BrowserTestUtils.windowClosed(win);
+
+    if (shouldHaveExtension) {
+      is(actualName, expectedName, `${type} should get an extension`);
+    } else {
+      is(actualName, expectedName, `${type} should not get an extension`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (shouldExpectDialog && shouldHaveExtension) {
+    // Then pick "save" in the dialog, if we have a dialog.
+    let dialog = win.document.getElementById("unknownContentType");
+    win.document.getElementById("save").click();
+    let button = dialog.getButton("accept");
+    button.disabled = false;
+    dialog.acceptDialog();
+  }
+
+  if (!shouldExpectDialog && type == "application/pdf") {
+    if (alwaysViewPDFInline) {
+      is(
+        gURLBar.inputField.value,
+        "data:application/pdf,hello",
+        "url is correct for " + type
+      );
+    } else {
+      ok(
+        gURLBar.inputField.value.startsWith("file://") &&
+          gURLBar.inputField.value.endsWith("somefile.pdf"),
+        "url is correct for " + type
+      );
+    }
+
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+  }
+
+  if (shouldExpectDialog || !alwaysViewPDFInline || type != "application/pdf") {
+    // Wait for the download if it exists (may produce null).
+    let download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+    if (download) {
+      // Check the download's extension is correct.
+      is(
+        PathUtils.filename(download.target.path),
+        expectedName,
+        `Downloaded file should match ${expectedName}`
+      );
+      gPathsToRemove.push(download.target.path);
+      let pathToRemove = download.target.path;
+      // Avoid one file interfering with subsequent files.
+      await publicList.removeFinished();
+      await IOUtils.remove(pathToRemove);
+    } else if (win) {
+      // We just cancel out for files that would end up without a path, as we'd
+      // prompt for a filename.
+      win.close();
+    }
+  }
+
+  return closedPromise;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check that for document types, images, videos and audio files,
+ * we enforce a useful extension.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_enforce_useful_extension() {
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab("data:text/html,", async browser => {
+    await testLinkWithoutExtension("image/png", true);
+    await testLinkWithoutExtension("audio/ogg", true);
+    await testLinkWithoutExtension("video/webm", true);
+    await testLinkWithoutExtension("application/pdf", true);
+
+    await testLinkWithoutExtension("application/x-nonsense", false);
+    await testLinkWithoutExtension("application/octet-stream", false);
+    await testLinkWithoutExtension("binary/octet-stream", false);
+    await testLinkWithoutExtension("application/x-msdownload", false);
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that we still use URL extension info when we don't have anything else,
+ * despite bogus local info.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_broken_saved_handlerinfo_and_useless_mimetypes() {
+  let bogusType = getMIMEInfoForType("binary/octet-stream");
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    handlerSvc.remove(bogusType);
+  });
+  bogusType.setFileExtensions(["jpg"]);
+  let handlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsIHandlerService
+  );
+  handlerSvc.store(bogusType);
+  let tabToClean = null;
+  let task = function () {
+    return BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+      gBrowser,
+      opening: TEST_PATH + "file_as.exe?foo=bar",
+      waitForLoad: false,
+      waitForStateStop: true,
+    }).then(tab => {
+      return (tabToClean = tab);
+    });
+  };
+  await checkDownloadWithExtensionState(task, {
+    type: "binary/octet-stream",
+    shouldHaveExtension: true,
+    expectedName: "file_as.exe",
+  });
+  // Downloads should really close their tabs...
+  if (tabToClean?.isConnected) {
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(tabToClean);
+  }
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_filehandling_loop.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_filehandling_loop.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0aabb222d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_filehandling_loop.js
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+/**
+ * If the user has set Firefox itself as a helper app,
+ * we should force prompting what to do, rather than ending up
+ * in an infinite loop.
+ * In an ideal world, we'd also test the case where we are the OS
+ * default handler app, but that would require test infrastructure
+ * to make ourselves the OS default (or at least fool ourselves into
+ * believing we are) which we don't have...
+ */
+add_task(async function test_helperapp() {
+  // Set up the test infrastructure:
+  const mimeSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+  const handlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsIHandlerService
+  );
+  let handlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("application/x-foo", "foo");
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    handlerSvc.remove(handlerInfo);
+  });
+  // Say we want to use a specific app:
+  handlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp;
+  handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+
+  // Say it's us:
+  let selfFile = Services.dirsvc.get("XREExeF", Ci.nsIFile);
+  // Make sure it's the .app
+  if (AppConstants.platform == "macosx") {
+    while (
+      !selfFile.leafName.endsWith(".app") &&
+      !selfFile.leafName.endsWith(".app/")
+    ) {
+      selfFile = selfFile.parent;
+    }
+  }
+  let selfHandlerApp = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  selfHandlerApp.executable = selfFile;
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(selfHandlerApp);
+  handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = selfHandlerApp;
+  handlerSvc.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab("about:blank", async browser => {
+    // Now, do some safety stubbing. If we do end up recursing we spawn
+    // infinite tabs. We definitely don't want that. Avoid it by stubbing
+    // our external URL handling bits:
+    let oldAddTab = gBrowser.addTab;
+    registerCleanupFunction(() => (gBrowser.addTab = oldAddTab));
+    let wrongThingHappenedPromise = new Promise(resolve => {
+      gBrowser.addTab = function (aURI) {
+        ok(false, "Tried to open unexpected URL in a tab: " + aURI);
+        resolve(null);
+        // Pass a dummy object to avoid upsetting BrowserContentHandler -
+        // if it thinks opening the tab failed, it tries to open a window instead,
+        // which we can't prevent as easily, and at which point we still end up
+        // with runaway tabs.
+        return {};
+      };
+    });
+
+    let askedUserPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+
+    info("Clicking a link that should open the unknown content type dialog");
+    await SpecialPowers.spawn(browser, [], () => {
+      let link = content.document.createElement("a");
+      link.download = "foo.foo";
+      link.textContent = "Foo file";
+      link.href = "data:application/x-foo,hello";
+      content.document.body.append(link);
+      link.click();
+    });
+    let dialog = await Promise.race([
+      wrongThingHappenedPromise,
+      askedUserPromise,
+    ]);
+    ok(dialog, "Should have gotten a dialog");
+    Assert.stringContains(
+      dialog.document.location.href,
+      "unknownContentType",
+      "Should have opened correct dialog."
+    );
+
+    let closePromise = BrowserTestUtils.windowClosed(dialog);
+    dialog.close();
+    await closePromise;
+    askedUserPromise = null;
+  });
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_first_prompt_not_blocked_without_user_interaction.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_first_prompt_not_blocked_without_user_interaction.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db92946d44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_first_prompt_not_blocked_without_user_interaction.js
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+add_task(setupMailHandler);
+
+add_task(async function test_open_without_user_interaction() {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      ["dom.disable_open_during_load", true],
+      ["dom.block_external_protocol_in_iframes", true],
+      ["dom.delay.block_external_protocol_in_iframes.enabled", false],
+    ],
+  });
+
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(gBrowser);
+
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+
+  BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    TEST_PATH + "file_external_protocol_iframe.html"
+  );
+
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+  ok(dialog, "Should show the dialog even without user interaction");
+
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+
+  // Adding another iframe without user interaction should be blocked.
+  let blockedWarning = new Promise(resolve => {
+    Services.console.registerListener(function onMessage(msg) {
+      let { message, logLevel } = msg;
+      if (logLevel != Ci.nsIConsoleMessage.warn) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!message.includes("Iframe with external protocol was blocked")) {
+        return;
+      }
+      Services.console.unregisterListener(onMessage);
+      resolve();
+    });
+  });
+
+  info("Adding another frame without user interaction");
+
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(tab.linkedBrowser, [], async function () {
+    let frame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+    frame.src = "mailto:foo@baz.com";
+    content.document.body.appendChild(frame);
+  });
+
+  await blockedWarning;
+
+  info("Removing tab to close the dialog.");
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_ftp_protocol_handlers.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_ftp_protocol_handlers.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2234034555
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_ftp_protocol_handlers.js
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+let testURL =
+  "https://example.com/browser/" +
+  "uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/FTPprotocolHandler.html";
+
+add_task(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["security.external_protocol_requires_permission", false]],
+  });
+
+  // Load a page registering a protocol handler.
+  let browser = gBrowser.selectedBrowser;
+  BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(browser, testURL);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(browser, false, testURL);
+
+  // Register the protocol handler by clicking the notificationbar button.
+  let notificationValue = "Protocol Registration: ftp";
+  let getNotification = () =>
+    gBrowser.getNotificationBox().getNotificationWithValue(notificationValue);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.waitForCondition(getNotification);
+  let notification = getNotification();
+  let button = notification.buttonContainer.querySelector("button");
+  ok(button, "got registration button");
+  button.click();
+
+  // Set the new handler as default.
+  const protoSvc = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1"
+  ].getService(Ci.nsIExternalProtocolService);
+  let protoInfo = protoSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo("ftp");
+  ok(!protoInfo.preferredApplicationHandler, "no preferred handler is set");
+  let handlers = protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers;
+  is(1, handlers.length, "only one handler registered for ftp");
+  let handler = handlers.queryElementAt(0, Ci.nsIHandlerApp);
+  ok(handler instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp, "the handler is a web handler");
+  is(
+    handler.uriTemplate,
+    "https://example.com/browser/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/blank.html?uri=%s",
+    "correct url template"
+  );
+  protoInfo.preferredAction = protoInfo.useHelperApp;
+  protoInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = handler;
+  protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  const handlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsIHandlerService
+  );
+  handlerSvc.store(protoInfo);
+
+  const expectedURL =
+    "https://example.com/browser/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/blank.html?uri=ftp%3A%2F%2Fdomain.com%2Fpath";
+
+  // Middle-click a testprotocol link and check the new tab is correct
+  let link = "#link";
+
+  let promiseTabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(gBrowser, expectedURL);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(link, { button: 1 }, browser);
+  let tab = await promiseTabOpened;
+  gBrowser.selectedTab = tab;
+  is(
+    gURLBar.value,
+    expectedURL,
+    "the expected URL is displayed in the location bar"
+  );
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(tab);
+
+  // Shift-click the testprotocol link and check the new window.
+  let newWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewWindow({
+    url: expectedURL,
+  });
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+    link,
+    { shiftKey: true },
+    browser
+  );
+  let win = await newWindowPromise;
+  await BrowserTestUtils.waitForCondition(
+    () => win.gBrowser.currentURI.spec == expectedURL
+  );
+  is(
+    win.gURLBar.value,
+    expectedURL,
+    "the expected URL is displayed in the location bar"
+  );
+  await BrowserTestUtils.closeWindow(win);
+
+  // Click the testprotocol link and check the url in the current tab.
+  let loadPromise = BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(browser);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(link, {}, browser);
+  await loadPromise;
+  await BrowserTestUtils.waitForCondition(() => gURLBar.value != testURL);
+  is(
+    gURLBar.value,
+    expectedURL,
+    "the expected URL is displayed in the location bar"
+  );
+
+  // Cleanup.
+  protoInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = null;
+  handlers.removeElementAt(0);
+  handlerSvc.store(protoInfo);
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_launched_app_save_directory.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_launched_app_save_directory.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..993a4f162b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_launched_app_save_directory.js
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+const { DownloadIntegration } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const { TestUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/TestUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      ["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false],
+      ["image.webp.enabled", true],
+    ],
+  });
+  const allowDirectoriesVal = DownloadIntegration.allowDirectories;
+  DownloadIntegration.allowDirectories = true;
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    DownloadIntegration.allowDirectories = allowDirectoriesVal;
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.dir");
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.folderList");
+  });
+});
+
+async function aDownloadLaunchedWithAppIsSavedInFolder(downloadDir) {
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+  });
+
+  let downloadFinishedPromise = promiseDownloadFinished(publicList);
+  let initialTabsCount = gBrowser.tabs.length;
+
+  let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+    gBrowser,
+    opening: TEST_PATH + "file_green.webp",
+    waitForLoad: false,
+    waitForStateStop: true,
+  });
+
+  let download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+  await BrowserTestUtils.waitForCondition(
+    () => gBrowser.tabs.length == initialTabsCount + 2
+  );
+
+  gBrowser.removeCurrentTab();
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+
+  ok(
+    download.target.path.startsWith(downloadDir),
+    "Download should be placed in default download directory: " +
+      downloadDir +
+      ", and it's located in " +
+      download.target.path
+  );
+
+  Assert.ok(
+    await IOUtils.exists(download.target.path),
+    "The file should not have been deleted."
+  );
+
+  try {
+    info("removing " + download.target.path);
+    if (Services.appinfo.OS === "WINNT") {
+      // We need to make the file writable to delete it on Windows.
+      await IOUtils.setPermissions(download.target.path, 0o600);
+    }
+    await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+  } catch (ex) {
+    info("The file " + download.target.path + " is not removed, " + ex);
+  }
+}
+
+add_task(async function aDownloadLaunchedWithAppIsSavedInCustomDir() {
+  //Test the temp dir.
+  let time = new Date().getTime();
+  let tempDir = Services.dirsvc.get("TmpD", Ci.nsIFile);
+  tempDir.append(time);
+  Services.prefs.setComplexValue("browser.download.dir", Ci.nsIFile, tempDir);
+  let downloadDir = await DownloadIntegration.getPreferredDownloadsDirectory();
+  Assert.notEqual(downloadDir, "");
+  Assert.equal(downloadDir, tempDir.path);
+  Assert.ok(await IOUtils.exists(downloadDir));
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    await IOUtils.remove(tempDir.path, { recursive: true });
+  });
+  await aDownloadLaunchedWithAppIsSavedInFolder(downloadDir);
+});
+
+add_task(async function aDownloadLaunchedWithAppIsSavedInDownloadsDir() {
+  // Test the system downloads directory.
+  Services.prefs.setIntPref("browser.download.folderList", 1);
+  let systemDir = await DownloadIntegration.getSystemDownloadsDirectory();
+  let downloadDir = await DownloadIntegration.getPreferredDownloadsDirectory();
+  Assert.notEqual(downloadDir, "");
+  Assert.equal(downloadDir, systemDir);
+
+  await aDownloadLaunchedWithAppIsSavedInFolder(downloadDir);
+});
+
+add_task(async function aDownloadLaunchedWithAppIsSavedInDesktopDir() {
+  // Test the desktop directory.
+  Services.prefs.setIntPref("browser.download.folderList", 0);
+  let downloadDir = await DownloadIntegration.getPreferredDownloadsDirectory();
+  Assert.notEqual(downloadDir, "");
+  Assert.equal(downloadDir, Services.dirsvc.get("Desk", Ci.nsIFile).path);
+
+  await aDownloadLaunchedWithAppIsSavedInFolder(downloadDir);
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_local_files_no_save_without_asking.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_local_files_no_save_without_asking.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cfa4788a43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_local_files_no_save_without_asking.js
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+/**
+ * Check that loading a local PDF file
+ * prompts the user when pdfjs.disabled is set to true,
+ * and alwaysAsk is false;
+ */
+add_task(
+  async function test_check_browser_local_files_no_save_without_asking() {
+    // Get a ref to the pdf we want to open.
+    let file = getChromeDir(getResolvedURI(gTestPath));
+    file.append("file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf");
+
+    await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({ set: [["pdfjs.disabled", true]] });
+
+    const mimeSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+    const handlerSvc = Cc[
+      "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"
+    ].getService(Ci.nsIHandlerService);
+    const mimeInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("application/pdf", "pdf");
+    // This test covers a bug that only occurs when the mimeInfo is set to Always Ask = false
+    // Here we check if we ask the user what to do for local files, if the file is set to save to disk automatically;
+    // that is, we check that we prompt the user despite the user's preference.
+    mimeInfo.preferredAction = mimeInfo.saveToDisk;
+    mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+    handlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+
+    info("Testing with " + file.path);
+    let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+    registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+      await publicList.removeFinished();
+    });
+
+    let publicDownloads = await publicList.getAll();
+    is(
+      publicDownloads.length,
+      0,
+      "download should not appear in publicDownloads list"
+    );
+
+    let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+    var loadingTab = BrowserTestUtils.addTab(gBrowser, file.path);
+
+    let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+    is(
+      dialogWindow.location.href,
+      "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+      "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+    );
+
+    let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+
+    let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+    dialog.cancelDialog();
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+  }
+);
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_local_files_open_doesnt_duplicate.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_local_files_open_doesnt_duplicate.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8e7c87c10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_local_files_open_doesnt_duplicate.js
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const mimeSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+const handlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+  Ci.nsIHandlerService
+);
+let mimeInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("application/pdf", "pdf");
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({ set: [["pdfjs.disabled", true]] });
+
+  let oldAsk = mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  let oldPreferredAction = mimeInfo.preferredAction;
+  let oldPreferredApp = mimeInfo.preferredApplicationHandler;
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    mimeInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = oldPreferredApp;
+    mimeInfo.preferredAction = oldPreferredAction;
+    mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = oldAsk;
+    handlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+  });
+
+  if (!mimeInfo.preferredApplicationHandler) {
+    let handlerApp = Cc[
+      "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+    ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+    handlerApp.executable = Services.dirsvc.get("TmpD", Ci.nsIFile);
+    handlerApp.executable.append("foopydoo.exe");
+    mimeInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(handlerApp);
+    mimeInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = handlerApp;
+  }
+});
+
+add_task(async function open_from_dialog() {
+  // Force PDFs to prompt:
+  mimeInfo.preferredAction = mimeInfo.useHelperApp;
+  mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  handlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+
+  let openingPromise = TestUtils.topicObserved(
+    "test-only-opening-downloaded-file",
+    (subject, data) => {
+      subject.QueryInterface(Ci.nsISupportsPRBool);
+      // Block opening the file:
+      subject.data = false;
+      return true;
+    }
+  );
+
+  let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+  let openedFile = getChromeDir(getResolvedURI(gTestPath));
+  openedFile.append("file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf");
+  let expectedPath = openedFile.isSymlink()
+    ? openedFile.target
+    : openedFile.path;
+  let loadingTab = BrowserTestUtils.addTab(gBrowser, expectedPath);
+
+  let dialogWindow = await dialogWindowPromise;
+  is(
+    dialogWindow.location.href,
+    "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+    "Should have seen the unknown content dialogWindow."
+  );
+
+  let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+
+  // Select the 'open' entry.
+  doc.querySelector("#open").click();
+  let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+  dialog.getButton("accept").removeAttribute("disabled");
+  dialog.acceptDialog();
+  let [, openedPath] = await openingPromise;
+  is(
+    openedPath,
+    expectedPath,
+    "Should have opened file directly (not created a copy)."
+  );
+  if (openedPath != expectedPath) {
+    await IOUtils.setPermissions(openedPath, 0o666);
+    await IOUtils.remove(openedPath);
+  }
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+});
+
+add_task(async function open_directly() {
+  // Force PDFs to open immediately:
+  mimeInfo.preferredAction = mimeInfo.useHelperApp;
+  mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  handlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+
+  let openingPromise = TestUtils.topicObserved(
+    "test-only-opening-downloaded-file",
+    (subject, data) => {
+      subject.QueryInterface(Ci.nsISupportsPRBool);
+      // Block opening the file:
+      subject.data = false;
+      return true;
+    }
+  );
+
+  let openedFile = getChromeDir(getResolvedURI(gTestPath));
+  openedFile.append("file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf");
+  let expectedPath = openedFile.isSymlink()
+    ? openedFile.target
+    : openedFile.path;
+  let loadingTab = BrowserTestUtils.addTab(gBrowser, expectedPath);
+
+  let [, openedPath] = await openingPromise;
+  is(
+    openedPath,
+    expectedPath,
+    "Should have opened file directly (not created a copy)."
+  );
+  if (openedPath != expectedPath) {
+    await IOUtils.setPermissions(openedPath, 0o666);
+    await IOUtils.remove(openedPath);
+  }
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_open_internal_choice_persistence.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_open_internal_choice_persistence.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cbbf5ddedf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_open_internal_choice_persistence.js
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const { Downloads } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/Downloads.sys.mjs"
+);
+const { DownloadIntegration } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+const {
+  handleInternally,
+  saveToDisk,
+  useSystemDefault,
+  alwaysAsk,
+  useHelperApp,
+} = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo;
+
+function waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc) {
+  let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+  let button = dialog.getButton("accept");
+  return TestUtils.waitForCondition(
+    () => !button.disabled,
+    "Wait for Accept button to get enabled"
+  );
+}
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      // Remove the security delay for the dialog during the test.
+      ["security.dialog_enable_delay", 0],
+      ["browser.helperApps.showOpenOptionForViewableInternally", true],
+      // Make sure we don't open a file picker dialog somehow.
+      ["browser.download.useDownloadDir", true],
+    ],
+  });
+
+  // Restore handlers after the whole test has run
+  const registerRestoreHandler = function (type, ext) {
+    const mimeInfo = gMimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(type, ext);
+    const existed = gHandlerSvc.exists(mimeInfo);
+    registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+      if (existed) {
+        gHandlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+      } else {
+        gHandlerSvc.remove(mimeInfo);
+      }
+    });
+  };
+  registerRestoreHandler("image/svg+xml", "svg");
+});
+
+function ensureMIMEState({ preferredAction, alwaysAskBeforeHandling }) {
+  const mimeInfo = gMimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("image/svg+xml", "svg");
+  mimeInfo.preferredAction = preferredAction;
+  mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = alwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  gHandlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+}
+
+function waitDelay(delay) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    /* eslint-disable mozilla/no-arbitrary-setTimeout */
+    window.setTimeout(resolve, delay);
+  });
+}
+
+function promisePanelOpened() {
+  if (DownloadsPanel.panel && DownloadsPanel.panel.state == "open") {
+    return Promise.resolve();
+  }
+  return BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(DownloadsPanel.panel, "popupshown");
+}
+
+const kTestCasesPrefEnabled = [
+  {
+    description:
+      "Pref enabled - internal handling as default should not change prefs",
+    preDialogState: {
+      preferredAction: handleInternally,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    },
+    expectTab: true,
+    expectLaunch: false,
+    expectedPreferredAction: handleInternally,
+    expectedAlwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    expectUCT: false,
+  },
+  {
+    description:
+      "Pref enabled - external handling as default should not change prefs",
+    preDialogState: {
+      preferredAction: useSystemDefault,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    },
+    expectTab: false,
+    expectLaunch: true,
+    expectedPreferredAction: useSystemDefault,
+    expectedAlwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    expectUCT: false,
+  },
+  {
+    description: "Pref enabled - saveToDisk as default should not change prefs",
+    preDialogState: {
+      preferredAction: saveToDisk,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    },
+    expectTab: false,
+    expectLaunch: false,
+    expectedPreferredAction: saveToDisk,
+    expectedAlwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    expectUCT: false,
+  },
+  {
+    description:
+      "Pref enabled - choose internal + alwaysAsk default + checkbox should update persisted default",
+    preDialogState: {
+      preferredAction: alwaysAsk,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    },
+    dialogActions(doc) {
+      let handleItem = doc.querySelector("#handleInternally");
+      handleItem.click();
+      ok(handleItem.selected, "The 'open' option should now be selected");
+      let checkbox = doc.querySelector("#rememberChoice");
+      checkbox.checked = true;
+      checkbox.doCommand();
+    },
+    // new tab will not launch in test environment when alwaysAsk is preferredAction
+    expectTab: false,
+    expectLaunch: false,
+    expectedPreferredAction: handleInternally,
+    expectedAlwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    expectUCT: true,
+  },
+  {
+    description:
+      "Pref enabled - saveToDisk with alwaysAsk default should update persisted default",
+    preDialogState: {
+      preferredAction: alwaysAsk,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    },
+    dialogActions(doc) {
+      let saveItem = doc.querySelector("#save");
+      saveItem.click();
+      ok(saveItem.selected, "The 'save' option should now be selected");
+    },
+    expectTab: false,
+    expectLaunch: false,
+    expectedPreferredAction: saveToDisk,
+    expectedAlwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    expectUCT: true,
+  },
+];
+
+add_task(
+  async function test_check_saving_handler_choices_with_always_ask_before_handling_new_types_pref_enabled() {
+    SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+      set: [["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false]],
+    });
+
+    let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+    registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+      await publicList.removeFinished();
+    });
+    let file = "file_image_svgxml.svg";
+
+    for (let testCase of kTestCasesPrefEnabled) {
+      info("Testing with " + file + "; " + testCase.description);
+      ensureMIMEState(testCase.preDialogState);
+      const { expectTab, expectLaunch, description, expectUCT } = testCase;
+
+      let oldLaunchFile = DownloadIntegration.launchFile;
+      let fileLaunched = PromiseUtils.defer();
+      DownloadIntegration.launchFile = () => {
+        ok(
+          expectLaunch,
+          `The file should ${
+            expectLaunch ? "" : "not "
+          }be launched with an external application - ${description}`
+        );
+        fileLaunched.resolve();
+      };
+
+      info("Load window and tabs");
+      let dialogWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+      let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+        gBrowser,
+        opening: TEST_PATH + file,
+        waitForLoad: false,
+        waitForStateStop: true,
+      });
+
+      // See if UCT window appears in loaded tab.
+      let dialogWindow = await Promise.race([
+        waitDelay(1000),
+        dialogWindowPromise,
+      ]);
+
+      is(
+        !!dialogWindow,
+        expectUCT,
+        `UCT window should${expectUCT ? "" : " not"} have appeared`
+      );
+
+      let download;
+
+      if (dialogWindow) {
+        is(
+          dialogWindow.location.href,
+          "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+          "Unknown content dialogWindow should be loaded correctly."
+        );
+        let doc = dialogWindow.document;
+        let internalHandlerRadio = doc.querySelector("#handleInternally");
+
+        info("Waiting for accept button to get enabled");
+        await waitForAcceptButtonToGetEnabled(doc);
+
+        ok(
+          !internalHandlerRadio.hidden,
+          "The option should be visible for SVG"
+        );
+
+        info("Running UCT dialog options before downloading file");
+        await testCase.dialogActions(doc);
+
+        let dialog = doc.querySelector("#unknownContentType");
+        dialog.acceptDialog();
+
+        info("Waiting for downloads to finish");
+        let downloadFinishedPromise = promiseDownloadFinished(publicList);
+        download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+      } else {
+        let downloadPanelPromise = promisePanelOpened();
+        await downloadPanelPromise;
+        is(
+          DownloadsPanel.isPanelShowing,
+          true,
+          "DownloadsPanel should be open"
+        );
+
+        info("Skipping UCT dialog options");
+        info("Waiting for downloads to finish");
+        // Unlike when the UCT window opens, the download immediately starts.
+        let downloadList = await publicList;
+        [download] = downloadList._downloads;
+      }
+
+      if (expectLaunch) {
+        info("Waiting for launch to finish");
+        await fileLaunched.promise;
+      }
+      DownloadIntegration.launchFile = oldLaunchFile;
+
+      is(
+        download.contentType,
+        "image/svg+xml",
+        "File contentType should be correct"
+      );
+      is(
+        download.source.url,
+        `${TEST_PATH + file}`,
+        "File name should be correct."
+      );
+      is(
+        (await publicList.getAll()).length,
+        1,
+        "download should appear in public list"
+      );
+
+      // Check mime info:
+      const mimeInfo = gMimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("image/svg+xml", "svg");
+      gHandlerSvc.fillHandlerInfo(mimeInfo, "");
+      is(
+        mimeInfo.preferredAction,
+        testCase.expectedPreferredAction,
+        "preferredAction - " + description
+      );
+      is(
+        mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+        testCase.expectedAlwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+        "alwaysAskBeforeHandling - " + description
+      );
+
+      info("Cleaning up");
+      BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+      // By default, if internal is default with pref enabled, we view the svg file in
+      // in a new tab. Close this tab in order for the test case to pass.
+      if (expectTab && testCase.preferredAction !== alwaysAsk) {
+        BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+      }
+      await publicList.removeFinished();
+      if (download?.target.exists) {
+        try {
+          await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+        } catch (ex) {
+          /* ignore */
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+);
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_pdf_save_as.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_pdf_save_as.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a08fe342cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_pdf_save_as.js
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const HandlerService = Cc[
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"
+].getService(Ci.nsIHandlerService);
+const MIMEService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+const { saveToDisk, alwaysAsk, handleInternally, useSystemDefault } =
+  Ci.nsIHandlerInfo;
+const MockFilePicker = SpecialPowers.MockFilePicker;
+MockFilePicker.init(window);
+
+async function testPdfFilePicker(mimeInfo) {
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    `data:text/html,<a id="test-link" href="${TEST_PATH}/file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf">Test PDF Link</a>`,
+    async browser => {
+      let menu = document.getElementById("contentAreaContextMenu");
+      ok(menu, "Context menu exists on the page");
+
+      let popupShown = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(menu, "popupshown");
+      BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "a#test-link",
+        { type: "contextmenu", button: 2 },
+        browser
+      );
+      await popupShown;
+      info("Context menu popup was successfully displayed");
+
+      let filePickerPromise = new Promise(resolve => {
+        MockFilePicker.showCallback = fp => {
+          ok(true, "filepicker should be visible");
+          ok(
+            fp.defaultExtension === "pdf",
+            "Default extension in filepicker should be pdf"
+          );
+          ok(
+            fp.defaultString === "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf",
+            "Default string name in filepicker should have the correct pdf file name"
+          );
+          setTimeout(resolve, 0);
+          return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+        };
+      });
+
+      let menuitem = menu.querySelector("#context-savelink");
+      menu.activateItem(menuitem);
+      await filePickerPromise;
+    }
+  );
+}
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      ["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false],
+      ["browser.download.useDownloadDir", false],
+    ],
+  });
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+
+    if (DownloadsPanel.isVisible) {
+      info("Closing downloads panel");
+      let hiddenPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+        DownloadsPanel.panel,
+        "popuphidden"
+      );
+      DownloadsPanel.hidePanel();
+      await hiddenPromise;
+    }
+
+    let mimeInfo = MIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+      "application/pdf",
+      "pdf"
+    );
+    let existed = HandlerService.exists(mimeInfo);
+    if (existed) {
+      HandlerService.store(mimeInfo);
+    } else {
+      HandlerService.remove(mimeInfo);
+    }
+
+    // We only want to run MockFilerPicker.cleanup after the entire test is run.
+    // Otherwise, we cannot use MockFilePicker for each preferredAction.
+    MockFilePicker.cleanup();
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that selecting the context menu item `Save Link As…` on a PDF link
+ * opens the file picker when always_ask_before_handling_new_types is disabled,
+ * regardless of preferredAction.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_pdf_save_as_link() {
+  let mimeInfo;
+
+  for (let preferredAction of [
+    saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAsk,
+    handleInternally,
+    useSystemDefault,
+  ]) {
+    mimeInfo = MIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension("application/pdf", "pdf");
+    mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = preferredAction === alwaysAsk;
+    mimeInfo.preferredAction = preferredAction;
+    HandlerService.store(mimeInfo);
+
+    info(`Testing filepicker for preferredAction ${preferredAction}`);
+    await testPdfFilePicker(mimeInfo);
+  }
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..74fa5004a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog.js
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+requestLongerTimeout(2);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+const CONTENT_HANDLING_URL =
+  "chrome://mozapps/content/handling/appChooser.xhtml";
+
+add_task(setupMailHandler);
+
+/**
+ * Check that if we open the protocol handler dialog from a subframe, we close
+ * it when closing the tab.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_closed_by_tab_closure() {
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    TEST_PATH + "file_nested_protocol_request.html"
+  );
+
+  // Wait for the window and then click the link.
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+
+  BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+    "a:link",
+    {},
+    tab.linkedBrowser.browsingContext.children[0]
+  );
+
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Dialog URL is as expected"
+  );
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+
+  info("Removing tab to close the dialog.");
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+  ok(!dialog._frame.contentWindow, "The dialog should have been closed.");
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that if we open the protocol handler dialog from a subframe, we close
+ * it when navigating the tab to a non-same-origin URL.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_closed_by_tab_navigation() {
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    TEST_PATH + "file_nested_protocol_request.html"
+  );
+
+  // Wait for the window and then click the link.
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+
+  BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+    "a:link",
+    {},
+    tab.linkedBrowser.browsingContext.children[0]
+  );
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Dialog URL is as expected"
+  );
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+  info(
+    "Set up unload handler to ensure we don't break when the window global gets cleared"
+  );
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(tab.linkedBrowser, [], async function () {
+    content.addEventListener("unload", function () {});
+  });
+
+  info("Navigating tab to a different but same origin page.");
+  BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(tab.linkedBrowser, TEST_PATH);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(tab.linkedBrowser, false, TEST_PATH);
+  ok(dialog._frame.contentWindow, "Dialog should stay open.");
+
+  // The use of weak references in various parts of the code means that we're
+  // susceptible to dropping crucial bits of our implementation on the floor,
+  // if they get GC'd, and then the test hangs.
+  // Do a bunch of GC/CC runs so that if we ever break, it's deterministic.
+  let numCycles = 3;
+  for (let i = 0; i < numCycles; i++) {
+    Cu.forceGC();
+    Cu.forceCC();
+  }
+
+  info("Now navigate to a cross-origin page.");
+  const CROSS_ORIGIN_TEST_PATH = TEST_PATH.replace(".com", ".org");
+  BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(tab.linkedBrowser, CROSS_ORIGIN_TEST_PATH);
+  let loadPromise = BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false,
+    CROSS_ORIGIN_TEST_PATH
+  );
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+  ok(!dialog._frame.contentWindow, "The dialog should have been closed.");
+
+  // Avoid errors from aborted loads by waiting for it to finish.
+  await loadPromise;
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that we cannot open more than one of these dialogs.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_multiple_dialogs() {
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    TEST_PATH + "file_nested_protocol_request.html"
+  );
+
+  // Wait for the window and then click the link.
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+  BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+    "a:link",
+    {},
+    tab.linkedBrowser.browsingContext.children[0]
+  );
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Dialog URL is as expected"
+  );
+
+  // Navigate the parent frame:
+  await ContentTask.spawn(tab.linkedBrowser, [], () =>
+    content.eval("location.href = 'mailto:help@example.com'")
+  );
+
+  // Wait for a few ticks:
+  // eslint-disable-next-line mozilla/no-arbitrary-setTimeout
+  await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 100));
+  // Check we only have one dialog
+
+  let tabDialogBox = gBrowser.getTabDialogBox(tab.linkedBrowser);
+  let dialogs = tabDialogBox
+    .getTabDialogManager()
+    ._dialogs.filter(d => d._openedURL == CONTENT_HANDLING_URL);
+
+  is(dialogs.length, 1, "Should only have 1 dialog open");
+
+  // Close the dialog:
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+  dialog.close();
+  dialog = await dialogClosedPromise;
+
+  ok(!dialog._openedURL, "The dialog should have been closed.");
+
+  // Then reopen the dialog again, to make sure we don't keep blocking:
+  dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+  BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+    "a:link",
+    {},
+    tab.linkedBrowser.browsingContext.children[0]
+  );
+  dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Second dialog URL is as expected"
+  );
+
+  dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+  info("Removing tab to close the dialog.");
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+  ok(!dialog._frame.contentWindow, "The dialog should have been closed again.");
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that navigating invisible frames to external-proto URLs
+ * is handled correctly.
+ */
+add_task(async function invisible_iframes() {
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    "https://example.com/"
+  );
+
+  // Ensure we notice the dialog opening:
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(tab.linkedBrowser, [], function () {
+    let frame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+    frame.style.display = "none";
+    frame.src = "mailto:help@example.com";
+    content.document.body.append(frame);
+  });
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Dialog opens as expected for invisible iframe"
+  );
+  // Close the dialog:
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+  dialog.close();
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that nested iframes are handled correctly.
+ */
+add_task(async function nested_iframes() {
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    "https://example.com/"
+  );
+
+  // Ensure we notice the dialog opening:
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+  let innerLoaded = BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true,
+    "https://example.org/"
+  );
+  info("Constructing top frame");
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(tab.linkedBrowser, [], function () {
+    let frame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+    frame.src = "https://example.org/"; // cross-origin frame.
+    content.document.body.prepend(frame);
+
+    content.eval(
+      `window.addEventListener("message", e => e.source.location = "mailto:help@example.com");`
+    );
+  });
+
+  await innerLoaded;
+  let parentBC = tab.linkedBrowser.browsingContext;
+
+  info("Creating innermost frame");
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(parentBC.children[0], [], async function () {
+    let innerFrame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+    let frameLoaded = ContentTaskUtils.waitForEvent(innerFrame, "load", true);
+    content.document.body.prepend(innerFrame);
+    await frameLoaded;
+  });
+
+  info("Posting event from innermost frame");
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(
+    parentBC.children[0].children[0],
+    [],
+    async function () {
+      // Top browsing context needs reference to the innermost, which is cross origin.
+      content.eval("top.postMessage('hello', '*')");
+    }
+  );
+
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Dialog opens as expected for deeply nested cross-origin iframe"
+  );
+  // Close the dialog:
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+  dialog.close();
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_oop_iframe() {
+  const URI = `data:text/html,<div id="root"><iframe src="http://example.com/document-builder.sjs?html=<a href='mailto:help@example.com'>Mail it</a>"></iframe></div>`;
+
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(gBrowser, URI);
+
+  // Wait for the window and then click the link.
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+
+  BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+    "a:link",
+    {},
+    tab.linkedBrowser.browsingContext.children[0]
+  );
+
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Dialog URL is as expected"
+  );
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+
+  info("Removing tab to close the dialog.");
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+  ok(!dialog._frame.contentWindow, "The dialog should have been closed.");
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that a cross-origin iframe can navigate the top frame
+ * to an external protocol.
+ */
+add_task(async function xorigin_iframe_can_navigate_top() {
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    "https://example.com/"
+  );
+
+  // Ensure we notice the dialog opening:
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+  let innerLoaded = BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true,
+    "https://example.org/"
+  );
+  info("Constructing frame");
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(tab.linkedBrowser, [], function () {
+    let frame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+    frame.src = "https://example.org/"; // cross-origin frame.
+    content.document.body.prepend(frame);
+  });
+  await innerLoaded;
+
+  info("Navigating top bc from frame");
+  let parentBC = tab.linkedBrowser.browsingContext;
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(parentBC.children[0], [], async function () {
+    content.eval("window.top.location.href = 'mailto:example@example.com';");
+  });
+
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Dialog opens as expected for navigating the top frame from an x-origin frame."
+  );
+  // Close the dialog:
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+  dialog.close();
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that when navigating to an external protocol from an iframe in a
+ * background tab, we show the dialog in the correct tab.
+ */
+add_task(async function iframe_background_tab() {
+  let tab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    "https://example.com/"
+  );
+
+  let innerLoaded = BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(
+    tab.linkedBrowser,
+    true,
+    "https://example.org/"
+  );
+  info("Constructing frame");
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(tab.linkedBrowser, [], function () {
+    let frame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+    frame.src = "https://example.org/";
+    content.document.body.prepend(frame);
+  });
+  await innerLoaded;
+
+  info("Switching to new tab");
+  let newTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    "https://example.net/"
+  );
+
+  // Wait for the chooser dialog to open in the background tab. It should not
+  // open in the foreground tab which is unrelated to the external protocol
+  // navigation.
+  let dialogWindowPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(gBrowser, true);
+
+  info("Navigating to external proto from frame in background tab");
+  let parentBC = tab.linkedBrowser.browsingContext;
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(parentBC.children[0], [], async function () {
+    content.eval("location.href = 'mailto:example@example.com';");
+  });
+
+  // Wait for dialog to open in one of the tabs.
+  let dialog = await dialogWindowPromise;
+
+  is(
+    gBrowser.getTabDialogBox(tab.linkedBrowser)._tabDialogManager._topDialog,
+    dialog,
+    "Dialog opened in the background tab"
+  );
+
+  is(
+    dialog._frame.contentDocument.location.href,
+    CONTENT_HANDLING_URL,
+    "Opened dialog is appChooser dialog."
+  );
+
+  // Close the dialog:
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(gBrowser, false);
+  dialog.close();
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+
+  gBrowser.removeTab(tab);
+  gBrowser.removeTab(newTab);
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog_external.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog_external.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..591f1afbc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog_external.js
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+let gHandlerService = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+  Ci.nsIHandlerService
+);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+/**
+ * Creates dummy protocol handler
+ */
+function initTestHandlers() {
+  let handlerInfoThatAsks =
+    HandlerServiceTestUtils.getBlankHandlerInfo("local-app-test");
+
+  let appHandler = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  // This is a dir and not executable, but that's enough for here.
+  appHandler.executable = Services.dirsvc.get("XCurProcD", Ci.nsIFile);
+  handlerInfoThatAsks.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(appHandler);
+  handlerInfoThatAsks.preferredApplicationHandler = appHandler;
+  handlerInfoThatAsks.preferredAction = handlerInfoThatAsks.useHelperApp;
+  handlerInfoThatAsks.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfoThatAsks);
+
+  let webHandlerInfo =
+    HandlerServiceTestUtils.getBlankHandlerInfo("web+somesite");
+  let webHandler = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+  webHandler.name = "Somesite";
+  webHandler.uriTemplate = "https://example.com/handle_url?u=%s";
+  webHandlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(webHandler);
+  webHandlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = webHandler;
+  webHandlerInfo.preferredAction = webHandlerInfo.useHelperApp;
+  webHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  gHandlerService.store(webHandlerInfo);
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    gHandlerService.remove(webHandlerInfo);
+    gHandlerService.remove(handlerInfoThatAsks);
+  });
+}
+
+function makeCmdLineHelper(url) {
+  return Cu.createCommandLine(
+    ["-url", url],
+    null,
+    Ci.nsICommandLine.STATE_REMOTE_EXPLICIT
+  );
+}
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["network.protocol-handler.prompt-from-external", true]],
+  });
+  initTestHandlers();
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that if we get a direct request from another app / the OS to open a
+ * link, we always prompt, even if we think we know what the correct answer
+ * is. This is to avoid infinite loops in such situations where the OS and
+ * Firefox have conflicting ideas about the default handler, or where our
+ * checks with the OS don't work (Linux and/or Snap, at time of this comment).
+ */
+add_task(async function test_external_asks_anyway() {
+  let cmdLineHandler = Cc["@mozilla.org/browser/final-clh;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsICommandLineHandler
+  );
+  let chooserDialogOpenPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    gBrowser,
+    true
+  );
+  let fakeCmdLine = makeCmdLineHelper("local-app-test:dummy");
+  cmdLineHandler.handle(fakeCmdLine);
+  let dialog = await chooserDialogOpenPromise;
+  ok(dialog, "Should have prompted.");
+
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+    gBrowser.selectedBrowser,
+    false
+  );
+  let dialogEl = dialog._frame.contentDocument.querySelector("dialog");
+  dialogEl.cancelDialog();
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+  // We will have opened a tab; close it.
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Like the previous test, but avoid asking for web and extension handlers,
+ * as we can open those ourselves without looping.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_web_app_doesnt_ask() {
+  // Listen for a dialog open and fail the test if it does:
+  let dialogOpenListener = () => ok(false, "Shouldn't have opened a dialog!");
+  document.documentElement.addEventListener("dialogopen", dialogOpenListener);
+  registerCleanupFunction(() =>
+    document.documentElement.removeEventListener(
+      "dialogopen",
+      dialogOpenListener
+    )
+  );
+
+  // Set up a promise for a tab to open with the right URL:
+  const kURL = "web+somesite:dummy";
+  const kLoadedURL =
+    "https://example.com/handle_url?u=" + encodeURIComponent(kURL);
+  let tabPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(gBrowser, kLoadedURL);
+
+  // Load the URL:
+  let cmdLineHandler = Cc["@mozilla.org/browser/final-clh;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsICommandLineHandler
+  );
+  let fakeCmdLine = makeCmdLineHelper(kURL);
+  cmdLineHandler.handle(fakeCmdLine);
+
+  // Check that the tab loaded. If instead the dialog opened, the dialogopen handler
+  // will fail the test.
+  let tab = await tabPromise;
+  is(
+    tab.linkedBrowser.currentURI.spec,
+    kLoadedURL,
+    "Should have opened the right URL."
+  );
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(tab);
+
+  // We do this both here and in cleanup so it's easy to add tasks to this test,
+  // and so we clean up correctly if the test aborts before we get here.
+  document.documentElement.removeEventListener(
+    "dialogopen",
+    dialogOpenListener
+  );
+});
+
+add_task(async function external_https_redirect_doesnt_ask() {
+  Services.perms.addFromPrincipal(
+    Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipalFromOrigin(
+      "https://example.com"
+    ),
+    "open-protocol-handler^local-app-test",
+    Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION
+  );
+  // Listen for a dialog open and fail the test if it does:
+  let dialogOpenListener = () => ok(false, "Shouldn't have opened a dialog!");
+  document.documentElement.addEventListener("dialogopen", dialogOpenListener);
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    document.documentElement.removeEventListener(
+      "dialogopen",
+      dialogOpenListener
+    );
+    Services.perms.removeAll();
+  });
+
+  let initialTab = gBrowser.selectedTab;
+
+  gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject.mockProtocolHandler("local-app-test");
+  registerCleanupFunction(() =>
+    gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject.mockProtocolHandler()
+  );
+
+  // Set up a promise for an app to have launched with the right URI:
+  let loadPromise = TestUtils.topicObserved("mocked-protocol-handler");
+
+  // Load the URL:
+  const kURL = "local-app-test:redirect";
+  let cmdLineHandler = Cc["@mozilla.org/browser/final-clh;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsICommandLineHandler
+  );
+  let fakeCmdLine = makeCmdLineHelper(
+    TEST_PATH + "redirect_helper.sjs?uri=" + encodeURIComponent(kURL)
+  );
+  cmdLineHandler.handle(fakeCmdLine);
+
+  // Check that the mock app was launched. If the dialog showed instead,
+  // the test will fail.
+  let [uri] = await loadPromise;
+  is(uri.spec, "local-app-test:redirect", "Should have seen correct URI.");
+  // We might have opened a blank tab, see bug 1718104 and friends.
+  if (gBrowser.selectedTab != initialTab) {
+    BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+  }
+
+  // We do this both here and in cleanup so it's easy to add tasks to this test,
+  // and so we clean up correctly if the test aborts before we get here.
+  document.documentElement.removeEventListener(
+    "dialogopen",
+    dialogOpenListener
+  );
+  gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject.mockProtocolHandler();
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog_permission.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog_permission.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d51a9c59a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_ask_dialog_permission.js
@@ -0,0 +1,1348 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+var { AppConstants } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/AppConstants.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const { ExtensionPermissions } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/ExtensionPermissions.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+let gHandlerService = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+  Ci.nsIHandlerService
+);
+
+const ROOT_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content/",
+  ""
+);
+
+// Testing multiple protocol / origin combinations takes long on debug.
+requestLongerTimeout(7);
+
+const DIALOG_URL_APP_CHOOSER =
+  "chrome://mozapps/content/handling/appChooser.xhtml";
+const DIALOG_URL_PERMISSION =
+  "chrome://mozapps/content/handling/permissionDialog.xhtml";
+
+const PROTOCOL_HANDLER_OPEN_PERM_KEY = "open-protocol-handler";
+const PERMISSION_KEY_DELIMITER = "^";
+
+const TEST_PROTOS = ["foo", "bar"];
+
+let testDir = getChromeDir(getResolvedURI(gTestPath));
+
+const ORIGIN1 = "https://example.com";
+const ORIGIN2 = "https://example.org";
+const ORIGIN3 = Services.io.newFileURI(testDir).spec;
+const PRINCIPAL1 =
+  Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipalFromOrigin(ORIGIN1);
+const PRINCIPAL2 =
+  Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipalFromOrigin(ORIGIN2);
+const PRINCIPAL3 =
+  Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipalFromOrigin(ORIGIN3);
+
+const NULL_PRINCIPAL_SCHEME = Services.scriptSecurityManager
+  .createNullPrincipal({})
+  .scheme.toLowerCase();
+
+/**
+ * Get the open protocol handler permission key for a given protocol scheme.
+ * @param {string} aProtocolScheme - Scheme of protocol to construct permission
+ * key with.
+ */
+function getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey(aProtocolScheme) {
+  return (
+    PROTOCOL_HANDLER_OPEN_PERM_KEY + PERMISSION_KEY_DELIMITER + aProtocolScheme
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates dummy web protocol handlers used for testing.
+ */
+function initTestHandlers() {
+  TEST_PROTOS.forEach(scheme => {
+    let webHandler = Cc[
+      "@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1"
+    ].createInstance(Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+    webHandler.name = scheme + "Handler";
+    webHandler.uriTemplate = ORIGIN1 + "/?url=%s";
+
+    let handlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getBlankHandlerInfo(scheme);
+    handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(webHandler);
+    handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = webHandler;
+    gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Update whether the protocol handler dialog is shown for our test protocol +
+ * handler.
+ * @param {string} scheme - Scheme of the protocol to change the ask state for.
+ * @param {boolean} ask - true => show dialog, false => skip dialog.
+ */
+function updateAlwaysAsk(scheme, ask) {
+  let handlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(scheme);
+  handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = ask;
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test whether the protocol handler dialog is set to show for our
+ * test protocol + handler.
+ * @param {string} scheme - Scheme of the protocol to test the ask state for.
+ * @param {boolean} ask - true => show dialog, false => skip dialog.
+ */
+function testAlwaysAsk(scheme, ask) {
+  is(
+    HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(scheme).alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    ask,
+    "Should have correct alwaysAsk state."
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Triggers the load via a server redirect.
+ * @param {string} serverRedirect - The redirect type.
+ */
+function useServerRedirect(serverRedirect) {
+  return async (browser, scheme) => {
+    let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+
+    let innerParams = new URLSearchParams();
+    innerParams.set("uri", uri);
+    innerParams.set("redirectType", serverRedirect);
+    let params = new URLSearchParams();
+    params.set(
+      "uri",
+      "https://example.com/" +
+        ROOT_PATH +
+        "redirect_helper.sjs?" +
+        innerParams.toString()
+    );
+    uri =
+      "https://example.org/" +
+      ROOT_PATH +
+      "redirect_helper.sjs?" +
+      params.toString();
+    BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(browser, uri);
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Triggers the load with a specific principal or the browser's current
+ * principal.
+ * @param {nsIPrincipal} [principal] - Principal to use to trigger the load.
+ */
+function useTriggeringPrincipal(principal = undefined) {
+  return async (browser, scheme) => {
+    let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+    let triggeringPrincipal = principal ?? browser.contentPrincipal;
+
+    info("Loading uri: " + uri);
+    browser.loadURI(Services.io.newURI(uri), { triggeringPrincipal });
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Navigates to a test URL with the given protocol scheme and waits for the
+ * result.
+ * @param {MozBrowser} browser - Browser to navigate.
+ * @param {string} scheme - Scheme of the test url. e.g. irc
+ * @param {Object} [options] - Test options.
+ * @param {Object} [options.permDialogOptions] - Test options for the permission
+ * dialog. If defined, we expect this dialog to be shown.
+ * @param {Object} [options.chooserDialogOptions] - Test options for the chooser
+ * dialog. If defined, we expect this dialog to be shown.
+ * @param {Function} [options.triggerLoad] - An async callback function to
+ * trigger the load. Will be passed the browser and scheme to use.
+ * @param {nsIPrincipal} [options.triggeringPrincipal] - Principal to trigger
+ * the load with. Defaults to the browsers content principal.
+ * @returns {Promise} - A promise which resolves once the test is complete.
+ */
+async function testOpenProto(
+  browser,
+  scheme,
+  {
+    permDialogOptions,
+    chooserDialogOptions,
+    triggerLoad = useTriggeringPrincipal(),
+  } = {}
+) {
+  let permDialogOpenPromise;
+  let chooserDialogOpenPromise;
+
+  if (permDialogOptions) {
+    info("Should see permission dialog");
+    permDialogOpenPromise = waitForProtocolPermissionDialog(browser, true);
+  }
+
+  if (chooserDialogOptions) {
+    info("Should see chooser dialog");
+    chooserDialogOpenPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(browser, true);
+  }
+  await triggerLoad(browser, scheme);
+  let webHandlerLoadedPromise;
+
+  let webHandlerShouldOpen =
+    (!permDialogOptions && !chooserDialogOptions) ||
+    ((permDialogOptions?.actionConfirm || permDialogOptions?.actionChangeApp) &&
+      chooserDialogOptions?.actionConfirm);
+
+  // Register web handler load listener if we expect to trigger it.
+  if (webHandlerShouldOpen) {
+    webHandlerLoadedPromise = waitForHandlerURL(browser, scheme);
+  }
+
+  if (permDialogOpenPromise) {
+    let dialog = await permDialogOpenPromise;
+    let dialogEl = getDialogElementFromSubDialog(dialog);
+    let dialogType = getDialogType(dialog);
+
+    let {
+      hasCheckbox,
+      checkboxOrigin,
+      hasChangeApp,
+      chooserIsNext,
+      actionCheckbox,
+      actionConfirm,
+      actionChangeApp,
+      checkContents,
+    } = permDialogOptions;
+
+    if (actionChangeApp) {
+      actionConfirm = false;
+    }
+
+    let descriptionEl = dialogEl.querySelector("#description");
+    ok(
+      descriptionEl && BrowserTestUtils.is_visible(descriptionEl),
+      "Has a visible description element."
+    );
+
+    ok(
+      !descriptionEl.innerHTML.toLowerCase().includes(NULL_PRINCIPAL_SCHEME),
+      "Description does not include NullPrincipal scheme."
+    );
+
+    await testCheckbox(dialogEl, dialogType, {
+      hasCheckbox,
+      actionCheckbox,
+      checkboxOrigin,
+    });
+
+    // Check the button label depending on whether we would show the chooser
+    // dialog next or directly open the handler.
+    let acceptBtnLabel = dialogEl.getButton("accept")?.label;
+
+    if (chooserIsNext) {
+      is(
+        acceptBtnLabel,
+        "Choose Application",
+        "Accept button has choose app label"
+      );
+    } else {
+      is(acceptBtnLabel, "Open Link", "Accept button has open link label");
+    }
+
+    let changeAppLink = dialogEl.ownerDocument.getElementById("change-app");
+    if (typeof hasChangeApp == "boolean") {
+      ok(changeAppLink, "Permission dialog should have changeApp link label");
+      is(
+        !changeAppLink.hidden,
+        hasChangeApp,
+        "Permission dialog change app link label"
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (checkContents) {
+      checkContents(dialogEl);
+    }
+
+    if (actionChangeApp) {
+      let dialogClosedPromise = waitForProtocolPermissionDialog(browser, false);
+      changeAppLink.click();
+      await dialogClosedPromise;
+    } else {
+      await closeDialog(browser, dialog, actionConfirm, scheme);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (chooserDialogOpenPromise) {
+    let dialog = await chooserDialogOpenPromise;
+    let dialogEl = getDialogElementFromSubDialog(dialog);
+    let dialogType = getDialogType(dialog);
+
+    let { hasCheckbox, actionCheckbox, actionConfirm } = chooserDialogOptions;
+
+    await testCheckbox(dialogEl, dialogType, {
+      hasCheckbox,
+      actionCheckbox,
+    });
+
+    await closeDialog(browser, dialog, actionConfirm, scheme);
+  }
+
+  if (webHandlerShouldOpen) {
+    info("Waiting for web handler to open");
+    await webHandlerLoadedPromise;
+  } else {
+    info("Web handler open canceled");
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Inspects the checkbox state and interacts with it.
+ * @param {dialog} dialogEl
+ * @param {string} dialogType - String identifier of dialog type.
+ * Either "permission" or "chooser".
+ * @param {Object} options - Test Options.
+ * @param {boolean} [options.hasCheckbox] - Whether the dialog is expected to
+ * have a visible checkbox.
+ * @param {boolean} [options.hasCheckboxState] - The check state of the checkbox
+ * to test for. true = checked, false = unchecked.
+ * @param {boolean} [options.actionCheckbox] - The state to set on the checkbox.
+ * true = checked, false = unchecked.
+ */
+async function testCheckbox(
+  dialogEl,
+  dialogType,
+  { hasCheckbox, hasCheckboxState = false, actionCheckbox, checkboxOrigin }
+) {
+  let checkbox = dialogEl.ownerDocument.getElementById("remember");
+  if (typeof hasCheckbox == "boolean") {
+    is(
+      checkbox && BrowserTestUtils.is_visible(checkbox),
+      hasCheckbox,
+      "Dialog checkbox has correct visibility."
+    );
+
+    let checkboxLabel = dialogEl.ownerDocument.getElementById("remember-label");
+    is(
+      checkbox && BrowserTestUtils.is_visible(checkboxLabel),
+      hasCheckbox,
+      "Dialog checkbox label has correct visibility."
+    );
+    if (hasCheckbox) {
+      ok(
+        !checkboxLabel.innerHTML.toLowerCase().includes(NULL_PRINCIPAL_SCHEME),
+        "Dialog checkbox label does not include NullPrincipal scheme."
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (typeof hasCheckboxState == "boolean") {
+    is(checkbox.checked, hasCheckboxState, "Dialog checkbox has correct state");
+  }
+
+  if (checkboxOrigin) {
+    let doc = dialogEl.ownerDocument;
+    let hostFromLabel = doc.l10n.getAttributes(
+      doc.getElementById("remember-label")
+    ).args.host;
+    is(hostFromLabel, checkboxOrigin, "Checkbox should be for correct domain.");
+  }
+
+  if (typeof actionCheckbox == "boolean") {
+    checkbox.click();
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the dialog element which is a child of the SubDialogs browser frame.
+ * @param {SubDialog} subDialog - Dialog to get the dialog element for.
+ */
+function getDialogElementFromSubDialog(subDialog) {
+  let dialogEl = subDialog._frame.contentDocument.querySelector("dialog");
+  ok(dialogEl, "SubDialog should have dialog element");
+  return dialogEl;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Wait for the test handler to be opened.
+ * @param {MozBrowser} browser - The browser the load should occur in.
+ * @param {string} scheme - Scheme which triggered the handler to open.
+ */
+function waitForHandlerURL(browser, scheme) {
+  return BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(
+    browser,
+    false,
+    url => url == `${ORIGIN1}/?url=${scheme}%3A%2F%2Ftest`
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test for open-protocol-handler permission.
+ * @param {nsIPrincipal} principal - The principal to test the permission on.
+ * @param {string} scheme - Scheme to generate permission key.
+ * @param {boolean} hasPerm - Whether we expect the princial to set the
+ * permission (true), or not (false).
+ */
+function testPermission(principal, scheme, hasPerm) {
+  let permKey = getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey(scheme);
+  let result = Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(principal, permKey);
+  let message = `${permKey} ${hasPerm ? "is" : "is not"} set for ${
+    principal.origin
+  }.`;
+  is(result == Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION, hasPerm, message);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the checkbox element of the dialog used to remember the handler choice or
+ * store the permission.
+ * @param {SubDialog} dialog - Protocol handler dialog embedded in a SubDialog.
+ * @param {string} dialogType - Type of the dialog which holds the checkbox.
+ * @returns {HTMLInputElement} - Checkbox of the dialog.
+ */
+function getDialogCheckbox(dialog, dialogType) {
+  let id;
+  if (dialogType == "permission") {
+    id = "remember-permission";
+  } else {
+    id = "remember";
+  }
+  return dialog._frame.contentDocument.getElementById(id);
+}
+
+function getDialogType(dialog) {
+  let url = dialog._frame.currentURI.spec;
+
+  if (url === DIALOG_URL_PERMISSION) {
+    return "permission";
+  }
+  if (url === DIALOG_URL_APP_CHOOSER) {
+    return "chooser";
+  }
+  throw new Error("Dialog with unexpected url");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Exit a protocol handler SubDialog and wait for it to be fully closed.
+ * @param {MozBrowser} browser - Browser element of the tab where the dialog is
+ * shown.
+ * @param {SubDialog} dialog - SubDialog object which holds the protocol handler
+ * @param {boolean} confirm - Whether to confirm (true) or cancel (false) the
+ * dialog.
+ * @param {string} scheme - The scheme of the protocol the dialog is opened for.
+ * dialog.
+ */
+async function closeDialog(browser, dialog, confirm, scheme) {
+  let dialogClosedPromise = waitForSubDialog(browser, dialog._openedURL, false);
+  let dialogEl = getDialogElementFromSubDialog(dialog);
+
+  if (confirm) {
+    if (getDialogType(dialog) == "chooser") {
+      // Select our test protocol handler
+      let listItem = dialogEl.ownerDocument.querySelector(
+        `richlistitem[name="${scheme}Handler"]`
+      );
+      listItem.click();
+    }
+
+    dialogEl.setAttribute("buttondisabledaccept", false);
+    dialogEl.acceptDialog();
+  } else {
+    dialogEl.cancelDialog();
+  }
+
+  return dialogClosedPromise;
+}
+
+registerCleanupFunction(function () {
+  // Clean up test handlers
+  TEST_PROTOS.forEach(scheme => {
+    let handlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(scheme);
+    gHandlerService.remove(handlerInfo);
+  });
+
+  // Clear permissions
+  Services.perms.removeAll();
+});
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["security.external_protocol_requires_permission", true]],
+  });
+  initTestHandlers();
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that when "remember" is unchecked, we only allow the protocol to be
+ * opened once and don't store any permission.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_permission_allow_once() {
+  for (let scheme of TEST_PROTOS) {
+    await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+      await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+        permDialogOptions: {
+          hasCheckbox: true,
+          hasChangeApp: false,
+          chooserIsNext: true,
+          actionConfirm: true,
+        },
+        chooserDialogOptions: { hasCheckbox: true, actionConfirm: true },
+      });
+    });
+
+    // No permission should be set
+    testPermission(PRINCIPAL1, scheme, false);
+    testPermission(PRINCIPAL2, scheme, false);
+
+    // No preferred app should be set
+    testAlwaysAsk(scheme, true);
+
+    // If we open again we should see the permission dialog
+    await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+      await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+        permDialogOptions: {
+          hasCheckbox: true,
+          hasChangeApp: false,
+          chooserIsNext: true,
+          actionConfirm: false,
+        },
+      });
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that when checking the "remember" checkbox, the protocol permission
+ * is set correctly and allows the caller to skip the permission dialog in
+ * subsequent calls.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_permission_allow_persist() {
+  for (let [origin, principal] of [
+    [ORIGIN1, PRINCIPAL1],
+    [ORIGIN3, PRINCIPAL3],
+  ]) {
+    for (let scheme of TEST_PROTOS) {
+      info("Testing with origin " + origin);
+      info("testing with principal of origin " + principal.origin);
+      info("testing with protocol " + scheme);
+
+      // Set a permission for an unrelated protocol.
+      // We should still see the permission dialog.
+      Services.perms.addFromPrincipal(
+        principal,
+        getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey("foobar"),
+        Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION
+      );
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(origin, async browser => {
+        await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+          permDialogOptions: {
+            hasCheckbox: true,
+            hasChangeApp: false,
+            chooserIsNext: true,
+            actionCheckbox: true,
+            actionConfirm: true,
+          },
+          chooserDialogOptions: { hasCheckbox: true, actionConfirm: true },
+        });
+      });
+
+      // Permission should be set
+      testPermission(principal, scheme, true);
+      testPermission(PRINCIPAL2, scheme, false);
+
+      // No preferred app should be set
+      testAlwaysAsk(scheme, true);
+
+      // If we open again with the origin where we granted permission, we should
+      // directly get the chooser dialog.
+      await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(origin, async browser => {
+        await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+          chooserDialogOptions: {
+            hasCheckbox: true,
+            actionConfirm: false,
+          },
+        });
+      });
+
+      // If we open with the other origin, we should see the permission dialog
+      await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN2, async browser => {
+        await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+          permDialogOptions: {
+            hasCheckbox: true,
+            hasChangeApp: false,
+            chooserIsNext: true,
+            actionConfirm: false,
+          },
+        });
+      });
+
+      // Cleanup permissions
+      Services.perms.removeAll();
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that if a preferred protocol handler is set, the permission dialog
+ * shows the application name and a link which leads to the app chooser.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_permission_application_set() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  updateAlwaysAsk(scheme, false);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        hasChangeApp: true,
+        chooserIsNext: false,
+        actionChangeApp: true,
+      },
+      chooserDialogOptions: { hasCheckbox: true, actionConfirm: true },
+    });
+  });
+
+  // Cleanup
+  updateAlwaysAsk(scheme, true);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that we correctly handle system principals. They should always
+ * skip the permission dialog.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_permission_system_principal() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      chooserDialogOptions: { hasCheckbox: true, actionConfirm: false },
+      triggerLoad: useTriggeringPrincipal(
+        Services.scriptSecurityManager.getSystemPrincipal()
+      ),
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that we don't show the permission dialog if the permission is disabled
+ * by pref.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_permission_disabled() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["security.external_protocol_requires_permission", false]],
+  });
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      chooserDialogOptions: { hasCheckbox: true, actionConfirm: true },
+    });
+  });
+
+  await SpecialPowers.popPrefEnv();
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that we directly open the handler if permission and handler are set.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_app_and_permission_set() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[1];
+
+  updateAlwaysAsk(scheme, false);
+  Services.perms.addFromPrincipal(
+    PRINCIPAL2,
+    getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey(scheme),
+    Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION
+  );
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN2, async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme);
+  });
+
+  // Cleanup
+  Services.perms.removeAll();
+  updateAlwaysAsk(scheme, true);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that the alwaysAsk state is not updated if the user cancels the dialog
+ */
+add_task(async function test_change_app_checkbox_cancel() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasChangeApp: false,
+        actionConfirm: true,
+      },
+      chooserDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionCheckbox: true, // Activate checkbox
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+  });
+
+  // Should not have applied value from checkbox
+  testAlwaysAsk(scheme, true);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that the external protocol dialogs behave correctly when a null
+ * principal is passed.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_null_principal() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: () => {
+        let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+        ContentTask.spawn(browser, { uri }, args => {
+          let frame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+          frame.src = `data:text/html,<script>location.href="${args.uri}"</script>`;
+          content.document.body.appendChild(frame);
+        });
+      },
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: false,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasChangeApp: false,
+        actionConfirm: true,
+      },
+      chooserDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that the external protocol dialogs behave correctly when no principal
+ * is passed.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_no_principal() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[1];
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: () => {
+        let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+
+        let contentDispatchChooser = Cc[
+          "@mozilla.org/content-dispatch-chooser;1"
+        ].createInstance(Ci.nsIContentDispatchChooser);
+
+        let handler = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(scheme);
+
+        contentDispatchChooser.handleURI(
+          handler,
+          Services.io.newURI(uri),
+          null,
+          browser.browsingContext
+        );
+      },
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: false,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasChangeApp: false,
+        actionConfirm: true,
+      },
+      chooserDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that if a URI scheme has a non-standard protocol, an OS default exists,
+ * and the user hasn't selected an alternative only the permission dialog is shown.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_non_standard_protocol() {
+  let scheme = null;
+  // TODO add a scheme for Windows 10 or greater once support is added (see bug 1764599).
+  if (AppConstants.platform == "macosx") {
+    scheme = "itunes";
+  } else {
+    info(
+      "Skipping this test since there isn't a suitable default protocol on this platform"
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        hasChangeApp: true,
+        chooserIsNext: false,
+        actionChangeApp: false,
+      },
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that we show the permission dialog for extension content scripts.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_extension_content_script_permission() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    let testExtension;
+
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: async () => {
+        let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+
+        const EXTENSION_DATA = {
+          manifest: {
+            content_scripts: [
+              {
+                matches: [browser.currentURI.spec],
+                js: ["navigate.js"],
+              },
+            ],
+            browser_specific_settings: {
+              gecko: { id: "allowed@mochi.test" },
+            },
+          },
+          files: {
+            "navigate.js": `window.location.href = "${uri}";`,
+          },
+          useAddonManager: "permanent",
+        };
+
+        testExtension = ExtensionTestUtils.loadExtension(EXTENSION_DATA);
+        await testExtension.startup();
+      },
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasChangeApp: false,
+        actionCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: true,
+        checkContents: dialogEl => {
+          let description = dialogEl.querySelector("#description");
+          let { id, args } =
+            description.ownerDocument.l10n.getAttributes(description);
+          is(
+            id,
+            "permission-dialog-description-extension",
+            "Should be using the correct string."
+          );
+          is(
+            args.extension,
+            "Generated extension",
+            "Should have the correct extension name."
+          );
+        },
+      },
+      chooserDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+
+    let extensionPrincipal =
+      Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipal(
+        Services.io.newURI(`moz-extension://${testExtension.uuid}/`),
+        {}
+      );
+    let extensionPrivatePrincipal =
+      Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipal(
+        Services.io.newURI(`moz-extension://${testExtension.uuid}/`),
+        { privateBrowsingId: 1 }
+      );
+
+    let key = getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey(scheme);
+    is(
+      Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(extensionPrincipal, key),
+      Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION,
+      "Should have permanently allowed the extension"
+    );
+    is(
+      Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(
+        extensionPrivatePrincipal,
+        key
+      ),
+      Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+      "Should not have changed the private principal permission"
+    );
+    is(
+      Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(PRINCIPAL1, key),
+      Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+      "Should not have allowed the page"
+    );
+
+    await testExtension.unload();
+
+    is(
+      Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(extensionPrincipal, key),
+      Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+      "Should have cleared the extension's normal principal permission"
+    );
+    is(
+      Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(
+        extensionPrivatePrincipal,
+        key
+      ),
+      Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+      "Should have cleared the private browsing principal"
+    );
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that we show the permission dialog for extension content scripts.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_extension_private_content_script_permission() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  let win = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewBrowserWindow({ private: true });
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    { gBrowser: win.gBrowser, url: ORIGIN1 },
+    async browser => {
+      let testExtension;
+
+      await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+        triggerLoad: async () => {
+          let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+
+          const EXTENSION_DATA = {
+            manifest: {
+              content_scripts: [
+                {
+                  matches: [browser.currentURI.spec],
+                  js: ["navigate.js"],
+                },
+              ],
+              browser_specific_settings: {
+                gecko: { id: "allowed@mochi.test" },
+              },
+            },
+            files: {
+              "navigate.js": `window.location.href = "${uri}";`,
+            },
+            useAddonManager: "permanent",
+          };
+
+          testExtension = ExtensionTestUtils.loadExtension(EXTENSION_DATA);
+          await testExtension.startup();
+          let perms = {
+            permissions: ["internal:privateBrowsingAllowed"],
+            origins: [],
+          };
+          await ExtensionPermissions.add("allowed@mochi.test", perms);
+          let addon = await AddonManager.getAddonByID("allowed@mochi.test");
+          await addon.reload();
+        },
+        permDialogOptions: {
+          hasCheckbox: true,
+          chooserIsNext: true,
+          hasChangeApp: false,
+          actionCheckbox: true,
+          actionConfirm: true,
+          checkContents: dialogEl => {
+            let description = dialogEl.querySelector("#description");
+            let { id, args } =
+              description.ownerDocument.l10n.getAttributes(description);
+            is(
+              id,
+              "permission-dialog-description-extension",
+              "Should be using the correct string."
+            );
+            is(
+              args.extension,
+              "Generated extension",
+              "Should have the correct extension name."
+            );
+          },
+        },
+        chooserDialogOptions: {
+          hasCheckbox: true,
+          actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+        },
+      });
+
+      let extensionPrincipal =
+        Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipal(
+          Services.io.newURI(`moz-extension://${testExtension.uuid}/`),
+          {}
+        );
+      let extensionPrivatePrincipal =
+        Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipal(
+          Services.io.newURI(`moz-extension://${testExtension.uuid}/`),
+          { privateBrowsingId: 1 }
+        );
+
+      let key = getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey(scheme);
+      is(
+        Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(extensionPrincipal, key),
+        Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+        "Should not have changed the extension's normal principal permission"
+      );
+      is(
+        Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(
+          extensionPrivatePrincipal,
+          key
+        ),
+        Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION,
+        "Should have allowed the private browsing principal"
+      );
+      is(
+        Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(PRINCIPAL1, key),
+        Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+        "Should not have allowed the page"
+      );
+
+      await testExtension.unload();
+
+      is(
+        Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(extensionPrincipal, key),
+        Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+        "Should have cleared the extension's normal principal permission"
+      );
+      is(
+        Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(
+          extensionPrivatePrincipal,
+          key
+        ),
+        Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+        "Should have cleared the private browsing principal"
+      );
+    }
+  );
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.closeWindow(win);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that we do not show the permission dialog for extension content scripts
+ * when the page already has permission.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_extension_allowed_content() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    let testExtension;
+
+    let key = getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey(scheme);
+    Services.perms.addFromPrincipal(
+      PRINCIPAL1,
+      key,
+      Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION,
+      Services.perms.EXPIRE_NEVER
+    );
+
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: async () => {
+        let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+
+        const EXTENSION_DATA = {
+          manifest: {
+            content_scripts: [
+              {
+                matches: [browser.currentURI.spec],
+                js: ["navigate.js"],
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+          files: {
+            "navigate.js": `window.location.href = "${uri}";`,
+          },
+        };
+
+        testExtension = ExtensionTestUtils.loadExtension(EXTENSION_DATA);
+        await testExtension.startup();
+      },
+      chooserDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+
+    let extensionPrincipal =
+      Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipal(
+        Services.io.newURI(`moz-extension://${testExtension.uuid}/`),
+        {}
+      );
+
+    is(
+      Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(extensionPrincipal, key),
+      Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+      "Should not have permanently allowed the extension"
+    );
+
+    await testExtension.unload();
+    Services.perms.removeFromPrincipal(PRINCIPAL1, key);
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that we do not show the permission dialog for extension content scripts
+ * when the extension already has permission.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_extension_allowed_extension() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    let testExtension;
+
+    let key = getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey(scheme);
+
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: async () => {
+        const EXTENSION_DATA = {
+          manifest: {
+            permissions: [`${ORIGIN1}/*`],
+          },
+          background() {
+            browser.test.onMessage.addListener(async (msg, uri) => {
+              switch (msg) {
+                case "engage":
+                  browser.tabs.executeScript({
+                    code: `window.location.href = "${uri}";`,
+                  });
+                  break;
+                default:
+                  browser.test.fail(`Unexpected message received: ${msg}`);
+              }
+            });
+          },
+        };
+
+        testExtension = ExtensionTestUtils.loadExtension(EXTENSION_DATA);
+        await testExtension.startup();
+
+        let extensionPrincipal =
+          Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipal(
+            Services.io.newURI(`moz-extension://${testExtension.uuid}/`),
+            {}
+          );
+        Services.perms.addFromPrincipal(
+          extensionPrincipal,
+          key,
+          Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION,
+          Services.perms.EXPIRE_NEVER
+        );
+
+        testExtension.sendMessage("engage", `${scheme}://test`);
+      },
+      chooserDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+
+    await testExtension.unload();
+    Services.perms.removeFromPrincipal(PRINCIPAL1, key);
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that we show the permission dialog for extensions directly opening a
+ * protocol.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_extension_principal() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(ORIGIN1, async browser => {
+    let testExtension;
+
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: async () => {
+        const EXTENSION_DATA = {
+          background() {
+            browser.test.onMessage.addListener(async (msg, url) => {
+              switch (msg) {
+                case "engage":
+                  browser.tabs.update({
+                    url,
+                  });
+                  break;
+                default:
+                  browser.test.fail(`Unexpected message received: ${msg}`);
+              }
+            });
+          },
+        };
+
+        testExtension = ExtensionTestUtils.loadExtension(EXTENSION_DATA);
+        await testExtension.startup();
+        testExtension.sendMessage("engage", `${scheme}://test`);
+      },
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasChangeApp: false,
+        actionCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: true,
+        checkContents: dialogEl => {
+          let description = dialogEl.querySelector("#description");
+          let { id, args } =
+            description.ownerDocument.l10n.getAttributes(description);
+          is(
+            id,
+            "permission-dialog-description-extension",
+            "Should be using the correct string."
+          );
+          is(
+            args.extension,
+            "Generated extension",
+            "Should have the correct extension name."
+          );
+        },
+      },
+      chooserDialogOptions: {
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+
+    let extensionPrincipal =
+      Services.scriptSecurityManager.createContentPrincipal(
+        Services.io.newURI(`moz-extension://${testExtension.uuid}/`),
+        {}
+      );
+
+    let key = getSkipProtoDialogPermissionKey(scheme);
+    is(
+      Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(extensionPrincipal, key),
+      Services.perms.ALLOW_ACTION,
+      "Should have permanently allowed the extension"
+    );
+    is(
+      Services.perms.testPermissionFromPrincipal(PRINCIPAL1, key),
+      Services.perms.UNKNOWN_ACTION,
+      "Should not have allowed the page"
+    );
+
+    await testExtension.unload();
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test that we use the redirect principal for the dialog when applicable.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_redirect_principal() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab("about:blank", async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: useServerRedirect("location"),
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        checkboxOrigin: ORIGIN1,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test that we use the redirect principal for the dialog for refresh headers.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_redirect_principal() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab("about:blank", async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: useServerRedirect("refresh"),
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        checkboxOrigin: ORIGIN1,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test that we use the redirect principal for the dialog for meta refreshes.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_redirect_principal() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab("about:blank", async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: useServerRedirect("meta-refresh"),
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        checkboxOrigin: ORIGIN1,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test that we use the redirect principal for the dialog for JS redirects.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_redirect_principal_js() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab("about:blank", async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: () => {
+        let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+
+        let innerParams = new URLSearchParams();
+        innerParams.set("uri", uri);
+        let params = new URLSearchParams();
+        params.set(
+          "uri",
+          "https://example.com/" +
+            ROOT_PATH +
+            "script_redirect.html?" +
+            innerParams.toString()
+        );
+        uri =
+          "https://example.org/" +
+          ROOT_PATH +
+          "script_redirect.html?" +
+          params.toString();
+        BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(browser, uri);
+      },
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        checkboxOrigin: ORIGIN1,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test that we use the redirect principal for the dialog for link clicks.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_redirect_principal_links() {
+  let scheme = TEST_PROTOS[0];
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab("about:blank", async browser => {
+    await testOpenProto(browser, scheme, {
+      triggerLoad: async () => {
+        let uri = `${scheme}://test`;
+
+        let params = new URLSearchParams();
+        params.set("uri", uri);
+        uri =
+          "https://example.com/" +
+          ROOT_PATH +
+          "redirect_helper.sjs?" +
+          params.toString();
+        await ContentTask.spawn(browser, { uri }, args => {
+          let textLink = content.document.createElement("a");
+          textLink.href = args.uri;
+          textLink.textContent = "click me";
+          content.document.body.appendChild(textLink);
+          textLink.click();
+        });
+      },
+      permDialogOptions: {
+        checkboxOrigin: ORIGIN1,
+        chooserIsNext: true,
+        hasCheckbox: true,
+        actionConfirm: false, // Cancel dialog
+      },
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_custom_sandbox.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_custom_sandbox.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc4b13730a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_custom_sandbox.js
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+/**
+ * Tests navigation to external protocol from sandboxed iframes.
+ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+requestLongerTimeout(2);
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["dom.block_external_protocol_navigation_from_sandbox", true]],
+  });
+
+  await setupMailHandler();
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_sandbox_disabled() {
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({ blocked: false, sandbox: null });
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_sandbox_allowed() {
+  let flags = [
+    "allow-popups",
+    "allow-top-navigation",
+    "allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation",
+    "allow-top-navigation-to-custom-protocols",
+  ];
+
+  for (let flag of flags) {
+    await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+      blocked: false,
+      sandbox: `allow-scripts ${flag}`,
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_sandbox_blocked() {
+  let flags = [
+    "",
+    "allow-same-origin",
+    "allow-forms",
+    "allow-scripts",
+    "allow-pointer-lock",
+    "allow-orientation-lock",
+    "allow-modals",
+    "allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox",
+    "allow-presentation",
+    "allow-storage-access-by-user-activation",
+    "allow-downloads",
+  ];
+
+  for (let flag of flags) {
+    await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+      blocked: true,
+      sandbox: `allow-scripts ${flag}`,
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_sandbox_blocked_triggers() {
+  info(
+    "For sandboxed frames external protocol navigation is blocked, no matter how it is triggered."
+  );
+  for (let triggerMethod of [
+    "trustedClick",
+    "untrustedClick",
+    "trustedLocationAPI",
+    "untrustedLocationAPI",
+    "frameSrc",
+  ]) {
+    await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+      blocked: true,
+      sandbox: "allow-scripts",
+      triggerMethod,
+    });
+  }
+
+  info(
+    "When allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation navigation to external protocols with transient user activations is allowed."
+  );
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: false,
+    sandbox: "allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation",
+    triggerMethod: "trustedClick",
+  });
+
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: true,
+    sandbox: "allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation",
+    triggerMethod: "untrustedClick",
+  });
+
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: true,
+    sandbox: "allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation",
+    triggerMethod: "untrustedLocationAPI",
+  });
+
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: true,
+    sandbox: "allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation",
+    triggerMethod: "frameSrc",
+  });
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_sandbox_combination() {
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: false,
+    sandbox:
+      "allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-top-navigation-to-custom-protocols",
+  });
+
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: false,
+    sandbox:
+      "allow-scripts allow-top-navigation allow-top-navigation-to-custom-protocols",
+  });
+
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: true,
+    sandbox: "allow-scripts allow-modals",
+  });
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_sandbox_iframe_redirect() {
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: true,
+    sandbox: "allow-scripts",
+    triggerMethod: "frameSrcRedirect",
+  });
+
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: false,
+    sandbox: "allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-to-custom-protocols",
+    triggerMethod: "frameSrcRedirect",
+  });
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_custom_sandbox_csp.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_custom_sandbox_csp.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03d2fe8cf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocol_custom_sandbox_csp.js
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+/**
+ * Tests navigation to external protocol from csp-sandboxed iframes.
+ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["dom.block_external_protocol_navigation_from_sandbox", true]],
+  });
+
+  await setupMailHandler();
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_sandbox_csp() {
+  for (let triggerMethod of [
+    "trustedClick",
+    "untrustedClick",
+    "trustedLocationAPI",
+    "untrustedLocationAPI",
+  ]) {
+    await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+      blocked: false,
+      sandbox: "allow-scripts",
+      useCSPSandbox: true,
+      triggerMethod,
+    });
+  }
+
+  await runExtProtocolSandboxTest({
+    blocked: false,
+    sandbox: "allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-to-custom-protocols",
+    useCSPSandbox: true,
+  });
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocolhandler_loop.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocolhandler_loop.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..149701fb23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_protocolhandler_loop.js
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+add_task(async function test_helperapp() {
+  // Set up the test infrastructure:
+  const kProt = "foopydoopydoo";
+  const extProtocolSvc = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1"
+  ].getService(Ci.nsIExternalProtocolService);
+  const handlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsIHandlerService
+  );
+  let handlerInfo = extProtocolSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo(kProt);
+  if (handlerSvc.exists(handlerInfo)) {
+    handlerSvc.fillHandlerInfo(handlerInfo, "");
+  }
+  // Say we want to use a specific app:
+  handlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp;
+  handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+
+  // Say it's us:
+  let selfFile = Services.dirsvc.get("XREExeF", Ci.nsIFile);
+  // Make sure it's the .app
+  if (AppConstants.platform == "macosx") {
+    while (
+      !selfFile.leafName.endsWith(".app") &&
+      !selfFile.leafName.endsWith(".app/")
+    ) {
+      selfFile = selfFile.parent;
+    }
+  }
+  let selfHandlerApp = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  selfHandlerApp.executable = selfFile;
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(selfHandlerApp);
+  handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = selfHandlerApp;
+  handlerSvc.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab("about:blank", async browser => {
+    // Now, do some safety stubbing. If we do end up recursing we spawn
+    // infinite tabs. We definitely don't want that. Avoid it by stubbing
+    // our external URL handling bits:
+    let oldAddTab = gBrowser.addTab;
+    registerCleanupFunction(() => (gBrowser.addTab = oldAddTab));
+    let wrongThingHappenedPromise = new Promise(resolve => {
+      gBrowser.addTab = function (aURI) {
+        ok(false, "Tried to open unexpected URL in a tab: " + aURI);
+        resolve(null);
+        // Pass a dummy object to avoid upsetting BrowserContentHandler -
+        // if it thinks opening the tab failed, it tries to open a window instead,
+        // which we can't prevent as easily, and at which point we still end up
+        // with runaway tabs.
+        return {};
+      };
+    });
+
+    let askedUserPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(browser, true);
+
+    BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(browser, kProt + ":test");
+    let dialog = await Promise.race([
+      wrongThingHappenedPromise,
+      askedUserPromise,
+    ]);
+    ok(dialog, "Should have gotten a dialog");
+
+    let closePromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(browser, false);
+    dialog.close();
+    await closePromise;
+    askedUserPromise = null;
+  });
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_remember_download_option.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_remember_download_option.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3fedab69c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_remember_download_option.js
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+add_task(async function () {
+  // create mocked objects
+  let launcher = createMockedObjects(true);
+
+  // open helper app dialog with mocked launcher
+  let dlg = await openHelperAppDialog(launcher);
+
+  let doc = dlg.document;
+  let dialogElement = doc.getElementById("unknownContentType");
+
+  // Set remember choice
+  ok(
+    !doc.getElementById("rememberChoice").checked,
+    "Remember choice checkbox should be not checked."
+  );
+  doc.getElementById("rememberChoice").checked = true;
+
+  // Make sure the mock handler information is not in nsIHandlerService
+  ok(
+    !gHandlerSvc.exists(launcher.MIMEInfo),
+    "Should not be in nsIHandlerService."
+  );
+
+  // close the dialog by pushing the ok button.
+  let dialogClosedPromise = BrowserTestUtils.windowClosed(dlg);
+  // Make sure the ok button is enabled, since the ok button might be disabled by
+  // EnableDelayHelper mechanism. Please refer the detailed
+  // https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/toolkit/components/prompts/src/PromptUtils.sys.mjs#51
+  dialogElement.getButton("accept").disabled = false;
+  dialogElement.acceptDialog();
+  await dialogClosedPromise;
+
+  // check the mocked handler information is saved in nsIHandlerService
+  ok(gHandlerSvc.exists(launcher.MIMEInfo), "Should be in nsIHandlerService.");
+  // check the extension.
+  var mimeType = gHandlerSvc.getTypeFromExtension("abc");
+  is(mimeType, launcher.MIMEInfo.type, "Got correct mime type.");
+  for (let handlerInfo of gHandlerSvc.enumerate()) {
+    if (handlerInfo.type == launcher.MIMEInfo.type) {
+      // check the alwaysAskBeforeHandling
+      ok(
+        !handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+        "Should turn off the always ask."
+      );
+      // check the preferredApplicationHandler
+      ok(
+        handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler.equals(
+          launcher.MIMEInfo.preferredApplicationHandler
+        ),
+        "Should be equal to the mockedHandlerApp."
+      );
+      // check the perferredAction
+      is(
+        handlerInfo.preferredAction,
+        launcher.MIMEInfo.preferredAction,
+        "Should be equal to Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp."
+      );
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_save_filenames.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_save_filenames.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f421a7a609
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_save_filenames.js
@@ -0,0 +1,823 @@
+// There are at least seven different ways in a which a file can be saved or downloaded. This
+// test ensures that the filename is determined correctly when saving in these ways. The seven
+// ways are:
+//   - save the file individually from the File menu
+//   - save as complete web page (this uses a different codepath than the previous one)
+//   - dragging an image to the local file system
+//   - copy an image and paste it as a file to the local file system (windows only)
+//   - open a link with content-disposition set to attachment
+//   - open a link with the download attribute
+//   - save a link or image from the context menu
+
+requestLongerTimeout(8);
+
+let types = {
+  text: "text/plain",
+  html: "text/html",
+  png: "image/png",
+  jpeg: "image/jpeg",
+  webp: "image/webp",
+  otherimage: "image/unknown",
+  // Other js types (application/javascript and text/javascript) are handled by the system
+  // inconsistently, but application/x-javascript is handled by the external helper app service,
+  // so it is used here for this test.
+  js: "application/x-javascript",
+  binary: "application/octet-stream",
+  nonsense: "application/x-nonsense",
+  zip: "application/zip",
+  json: "application/json",
+  tar: "application/x-tar",
+};
+
+const PNG_DATA = atob(
+  "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAA" +
+    "ACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII="
+);
+
+const JPEG_DATA = atob(
+  "/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQEAYABgAAD/2wBDAAgGBgcGBQgHBwcJCQgKDBQNDAsLDBkSEw8UHRofHh0aHBwgJC4nICIsIxwcKDcpLDAxNDQ0Hyc5PTgyPC4z" +
+    "NDL/2wBDAQkJCQwLDBgNDRgyIRwhMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjL/wAARCAABAAEDASIAAhEB" +
+    "AxEB/8QAHwAAAQUBAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoL/8QAtRAAAgEDAwIEAwUFBAQAAAF9AQIDAAQRBRIhMUEGE1FhByJxFDKBkaEII0KxwRVS" +
+    "0fAkM2JyggkKFhcYGRolJicoKSo0NTY3ODk6Q0RFRkdISUpTVFVWV1hZWmNkZWZnaGlqc3R1dnd4eXqDhIWGh4iJipKTlJWWl5iZmqKjpKWmp6ipqrKz" +
+    "tLW2t7i5usLDxMXGx8jJytLT1NXW19jZ2uHi4+Tl5ufo6erx8vP09fb3+Pn6/8QAHwEAAwEBAQEBAQEBAQAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoL/8QAtREAAgEC" +
+    "BAQDBAcFBAQAAQJ3AAECAxEEBSExBhJBUQdhcRMiMoEIFEKRobHBCSMzUvAVYnLRChYkNOEl8RcYGRomJygpKjU2Nzg5OkNERUZHSElKU1RVVldYWVpj" +
+    "ZGVmZ2hpanN0dXZ3eHl6goOEhYaHiImKkpOUlZaXmJmaoqOkpaanqKmqsrO0tba3uLm6wsPExcbHyMnK0tPU1dbX2Nna4uPk5ebn6Onq8vP09fb3+Pn6" +
+    "/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwD3+iiigD//2Q=="
+);
+
+const WEBP_DATA = atob(
+  "UklGRiIAAABXRUJQVlA4TBUAAAAvY8AYAAfQ/4j+B4CE8H+/ENH/VCIA"
+);
+
+const DEFAULT_FILENAME =
+  AppConstants.platform == "win" ? "Untitled.htm" : "Untitled.html";
+
+const PROMISE_FILENAME_TYPE = "application/x-moz-file-promise-dest-filename";
+
+let MockFilePicker = SpecialPowers.MockFilePicker;
+MockFilePicker.init(window);
+
+let expectedItems;
+let sendAsAttachment = false;
+let httpServer = null;
+
+function handleRequest(aRequest, aResponse) {
+  const queryString = new URLSearchParams(aRequest.queryString);
+  let type = queryString.get("type");
+  let filename = queryString.get("filename");
+  let dispname = queryString.get("dispname");
+
+  aResponse.setStatusLine(aRequest.httpVersion, 200);
+  if (type) {
+    aResponse.setHeader("Content-Type", types[type]);
+  }
+
+  if (dispname) {
+    let dispositionType = sendAsAttachment ? "attachment" : "inline";
+    aResponse.setHeader(
+      "Content-Disposition",
+      dispositionType + ';name="' + dispname + '"'
+    );
+  } else if (filename) {
+    let dispositionType = sendAsAttachment ? "attachment" : "inline";
+    aResponse.setHeader(
+      "Content-Disposition",
+      dispositionType + ';filename="' + filename + '"'
+    );
+  } else if (sendAsAttachment) {
+    aResponse.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment");
+  }
+
+  if (type == "png") {
+    aResponse.write(PNG_DATA);
+  } else if (type == "jpeg") {
+    aResponse.write(JPEG_DATA);
+  } else if (type == "webp") {
+    aResponse.write(WEBP_DATA);
+  } else if (type == "html") {
+    aResponse.write(
+      "<html><head><title>file.inv</title></head><body>File</body></html>"
+    );
+  } else {
+    aResponse.write("// Some Text");
+  }
+}
+
+function handleBasicImageRequest(aRequest, aResponse) {
+  aResponse.setHeader("Content-Type", "image/png");
+  aResponse.write(PNG_DATA);
+}
+
+function handleRedirect(aRequest, aResponse) {
+  const queryString = new URLSearchParams(aRequest.queryString);
+  let filename = queryString.get("filename");
+
+  aResponse.setStatusLine(aRequest.httpVersion, 302);
+  aResponse.setHeader("Location", "/bell" + filename[0] + "?" + queryString);
+}
+
+function promiseDownloadFinished(list) {
+  return new Promise(resolve => {
+    list.addView({
+      onDownloadChanged(download) {
+        if (download.stopped) {
+          list.removeView(this);
+          resolve(download);
+        }
+      },
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+// nsIFile::CreateUnique crops long filenames if the path is too long, but
+// we don't know exactly how long depending on the full path length, so
+// for those save methods that use CreateUnique, instead just verify that
+// the filename starts with the right string and has the correct extension.
+function checkShortenedFilename(actual, expected) {
+  if (actual.length < expected.length) {
+    let actualDot = actual.lastIndexOf(".");
+    let actualExtension = actual.substring(actualDot);
+    let expectedExtension = expected.substring(expected.lastIndexOf("."));
+    if (
+      actualExtension == expectedExtension &&
+      expected.startsWith(actual.substring(0, actualDot))
+    ) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  const { HttpServer } = ChromeUtils.import(
+    "resource://testing-common/httpd.js"
+  );
+  httpServer = new HttpServer();
+  httpServer.start(8000);
+
+  // Need to load the page from localhost:8000 as the download attribute
+  // only applies to links from the same domain.
+  let saveFilenamesPage = FileUtils.getFile(
+    "CurWorkD",
+    "/browser/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/save_filenames.html".split(
+      "/"
+    )
+  );
+  httpServer.registerFile("/save_filenames.html", saveFilenamesPage);
+
+  // A variety of different scripts are set up to better ensure uniqueness.
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/save_filename.sjs", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/save_thename.sjs", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/getdata.png", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/base", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/basedata", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/basetext", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/text2.txt", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/text3.gonk", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/basic.png", handleBasicImageRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/aquamarine.jpeg", handleBasicImageRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/lazuli.exe", handleBasicImageRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/redir", handleRedirect);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/bellr", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/bellg", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/bellb", handleRequest);
+  httpServer.registerPathHandler("/executable.exe", handleRequest);
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    "http://localhost:8000/save_filenames.html"
+  );
+
+  expectedItems = await getItems("items");
+});
+
+function getItems(parentid) {
+  return SpecialPowers.spawn(
+    gBrowser.selectedBrowser,
+    [parentid, AppConstants.platform],
+    (id, platform) => {
+      let elements = [];
+      let elem = content.document.getElementById(id).firstElementChild;
+      while (elem) {
+        let filename =
+          elem.dataset["filenamePlatform" + platform] || elem.dataset.filename;
+        let url = elem.getAttribute("src");
+        let draggable =
+          elem.localName == "img" && elem.dataset.nodrag != "true";
+        let unknown = elem.dataset.unknown;
+        let noattach = elem.dataset.noattach;
+        let savepagename = elem.dataset.savepagename;
+        elements.push({
+          draggable,
+          unknown,
+          filename,
+          url,
+          noattach,
+          savepagename,
+        });
+        elem = elem.nextElementSibling;
+      }
+      return elements;
+    }
+  );
+}
+
+function getDirectoryEntries(dir) {
+  let files = [];
+  let entries = dir.directoryEntries;
+  while (true) {
+    let file = entries.nextFile;
+    if (!file) {
+      break;
+    }
+    files.push(file.leafName);
+  }
+  entries.close();
+  return files;
+}
+
+// This test saves the document as a complete web page and verifies
+// that the resources are saved with the correct filename.
+add_task(async function save_document() {
+  let browser = gBrowser.selectedBrowser;
+
+  let tmp = SpecialPowers.Services.dirsvc.get("TmpD", Ci.nsIFile);
+  const baseFilename = "test_save_filenames_" + Date.now();
+
+  let tmpFile = tmp.clone();
+  tmpFile.append(baseFilename + "_document.html");
+  let tmpDir = tmp.clone();
+  tmpDir.append(baseFilename + "_document_files");
+
+  MockFilePicker.displayDirectory = tmpDir;
+  MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+    MockFilePicker.setFiles([tmpFile]);
+    MockFilePicker.filterIndex = 0; // kSaveAsType_Complete
+  };
+
+  let downloadsList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  let savePromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    downloadsList.addView({
+      onDownloadChanged(download) {
+        if (download.succeeded) {
+          downloadsList.removeView(this);
+          downloadsList.removeFinished();
+          resolve();
+        }
+      },
+    });
+  });
+  saveBrowser(browser);
+  await savePromise;
+
+  let filesSaved = getDirectoryEntries(tmpDir);
+
+  for (let idx = 0; idx < expectedItems.length; idx++) {
+    let filename = expectedItems[idx].filename;
+    if (idx == 66 && AppConstants.platform == "win") {
+      // This is special-cased on Windows. The default filename will be used, since
+      // the filename is invalid, but since the previous test file has the same issue,
+      // this second file will be saved with a number suffix added to it.
+      filename = "Untitled_002";
+    }
+
+    let file = tmpDir.clone();
+    file.append(filename);
+
+    let fileIdx = -1;
+    // Use checkShortenedFilename to check long filenames.
+    if (filename.length > 240) {
+      for (let t = 0; t < filesSaved.length; t++) {
+        if (
+          filesSaved[t].length > 60 &&
+          checkShortenedFilename(filesSaved[t], filename)
+        ) {
+          fileIdx = t;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      fileIdx = filesSaved.indexOf(filename);
+    }
+
+    ok(
+      fileIdx >= 0,
+      "file i" +
+        idx +
+        " " +
+        filename +
+        " was saved with the correct name using saveDocument"
+    );
+    if (fileIdx >= 0) {
+      // If found, remove it from the list. At end of the test, the
+      // list should be empty.
+      filesSaved.splice(fileIdx, 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  is(filesSaved.length, 0, "all files accounted for");
+  tmpDir.remove(true);
+  tmpFile.remove(false);
+});
+
+// This test simulates dragging the images in the document and ensuring that
+// the correct filename is used for each one.
+// On Mac, the data is added in the parent process instead, so we cannot
+// test dragging directly.
+if (AppConstants.platform != "macosx") {
+  add_task(async function drag_files() {
+    let browser = gBrowser.selectedBrowser;
+
+    await SpecialPowers.spawn(browser, [PROMISE_FILENAME_TYPE], type => {
+      content.addEventListener("dragstart", event => {
+        content.draggedFile = event.dataTransfer.getData(type);
+        event.preventDefault();
+      });
+    });
+
+    for (let idx = 0; idx < expectedItems.length; idx++) {
+      if (!expectedItems[idx].draggable) {
+        // You can't drag non-images and invalid images.
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+        "#i" + idx,
+        1,
+        1,
+        { type: "mousedown" },
+        browser
+      );
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+        "#i" + idx,
+        11,
+        11,
+        { type: "mousemove" },
+        browser
+      );
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+        "#i" + idx,
+        20,
+        20,
+        { type: "mousemove" },
+        browser
+      );
+      await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+        "#i" + idx,
+        20,
+        20,
+        { type: "mouseup" },
+        browser
+      );
+
+      let draggedFile = await SpecialPowers.spawn(browser, [], () => {
+        let file = content.draggedFile;
+        content.draggedFile = null;
+        return file;
+      });
+
+      is(
+        draggedFile,
+        expectedItems[idx].filename,
+        "i" +
+          idx +
+          " " +
+          expectedItems[idx].filename +
+          " was saved with the correct name when dragging"
+      );
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+// This test checks that copying an image provides the right filename
+// for pasting to the local file system. This is only implemented on Windows.
+if (AppConstants.platform == "win") {
+  add_task(async function copy_image() {
+    for (let idx = 0; idx < expectedItems.length; idx++) {
+      if (!expectedItems[idx].draggable) {
+        // You can't context-click on non-images.
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      let data = await SpecialPowers.spawn(
+        gBrowser.selectedBrowser,
+        [idx, PROMISE_FILENAME_TYPE],
+        (imagenum, type) => {
+          // No need to wait for the data to be really on the clipboard, we only
+          // need the promise data added when the command is performed.
+          SpecialPowers.setCommandNode(
+            content,
+            content.document.getElementById("i" + imagenum)
+          );
+          SpecialPowers.doCommand(content, "cmd_copyImageContents");
+
+          return SpecialPowers.getClipboardData(type);
+        }
+      );
+
+      is(
+        data,
+        expectedItems[idx].filename,
+        "i" +
+          idx +
+          " " +
+          expectedItems[idx].filename +
+          " was saved with the correct name when copying"
+      );
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+// This test checks the default filename selected when selecting to save
+// a file from either the context menu or what would happen when save page
+// as was selected from the file menu. Note that this tests a filename assigned
+// when using content-disposition: inline.
+add_task(async function saveas_files() {
+  // Iterate over each item and try saving them from the context menu,
+  // and the Save Page As command on the File menu.
+  for (let testname of ["context menu", "save page as"]) {
+    for (let idx = 0; idx < expectedItems.length; idx++) {
+      let menu;
+      if (testname == "context menu") {
+        if (!expectedItems[idx].draggable) {
+          // You can't context-click on non-images.
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        menu = document.getElementById("contentAreaContextMenu");
+        let popupShown = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(menu, "popupshown");
+        BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+          "#i" + idx,
+          5,
+          5,
+          { type: "contextmenu", button: 2 },
+          gBrowser.selectedBrowser
+        );
+        await popupShown;
+      } else {
+        if (expectedItems[idx].unknown == "typeonly") {
+          // Items marked with unknown="typeonly" have unknown content types and
+          // will be downloaded instead of opened in a tab.
+          let list = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+          let downloadFinishedPromise = promiseDownloadFinished(list);
+
+          await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+            gBrowser,
+            opening: expectedItems[idx].url,
+            waitForLoad: false,
+            waitForStateStop: true,
+          });
+
+          let download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+
+          let filename = PathUtils.filename(download.target.path);
+
+          let expectedFilename = expectedItems[idx].filename;
+          if (expectedFilename.length > 240) {
+            ok(
+              checkShortenedFilename(filename, expectedFilename),
+              "open link" +
+                idx +
+                " " +
+                expectedFilename +
+                " was downloaded with the correct name when opened as a url (with long name)"
+            );
+          } else {
+            is(
+              filename,
+              expectedFilename,
+              "open link" +
+                idx +
+                " " +
+                expectedFilename +
+                " was downloaded with the correct name when opened as a url"
+            );
+          }
+
+          try {
+            await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+          } catch (ex) {}
+
+          await BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+          gBrowser,
+          opening: expectedItems[idx].url,
+          waitForLoad: false,
+          waitForStateStop: true,
+        });
+      }
+
+      let filename = await new Promise(resolve => {
+        MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+          setTimeout(() => {
+            resolve(fp.defaultString);
+          }, 0);
+          return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+        };
+
+        if (testname == "context menu") {
+          let menuitem = document.getElementById("context-saveimage");
+          menu.activateItem(menuitem);
+        } else if (testname == "save page as") {
+          document.getElementById("Browser:SavePage").doCommand();
+        }
+      });
+
+      // Trying to open an unknown or binary type will just open a blank
+      // page, so trying to save will just save the blank page with the
+      // filename Untitled.html.
+      let expectedFilename = expectedItems[idx].unknown
+        ? DEFAULT_FILENAME
+        : expectedItems[idx].savepagename || expectedItems[idx].filename;
+
+      // When saving via contentAreaUtils.js, the content disposition name
+      // field is used as an alternate.
+      if (expectedFilename == "save_thename.png") {
+        expectedFilename = "withname.png";
+      }
+
+      is(
+        filename,
+        expectedFilename,
+        "i" +
+          idx +
+          " " +
+          expectedFilename +
+          " was saved with the correct name " +
+          testname
+      );
+
+      if (testname == "save page as") {
+        await BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+// This test checks that links that result in files with
+// content-disposition: attachment are saved with the right filenames.
+add_task(async function save_links() {
+  sendAsAttachment = true;
+
+  // Create some links based on each image and insert them into the document.
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(gBrowser.selectedBrowser, [], () => {
+    let doc = content.document;
+    let insertPos = doc.getElementById("attachment-links");
+
+    let idx = 0;
+    let elem = doc.getElementById("items").firstElementChild;
+    while (elem) {
+      let attachmentlink = doc.createElement("a");
+      attachmentlink.id = "attachmentlink" + idx;
+      attachmentlink.href = elem.localName == "object" ? elem.data : elem.src;
+      attachmentlink.textContent = elem.dataset.filename;
+      insertPos.appendChild(attachmentlink);
+      insertPos.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("  "));
+
+      elem = elem.nextElementSibling;
+      idx++;
+    }
+  });
+
+  let list = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+
+  for (let idx = 0; idx < expectedItems.length; idx++) {
+    // Skip the items that won't have a content-disposition.
+    if (expectedItems[idx].noattach) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    let downloadFinishedPromise = promiseDownloadFinished(list);
+
+    BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+      "#attachmentlink" + idx,
+      5,
+      5,
+      {},
+      gBrowser.selectedBrowser
+    );
+
+    let download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+
+    let filename = PathUtils.filename(download.target.path);
+
+    let expectedFilename = expectedItems[idx].filename;
+    // Use checkShortenedFilename to check long filenames.
+    if (expectedItems[idx].filename.length > 240) {
+      ok(
+        checkShortenedFilename(filename, expectedFilename),
+        "attachmentlink" +
+          idx +
+          " " +
+          expectedFilename +
+          " was saved with the correct name when opened as attachment (with long name)"
+      );
+    } else {
+      is(
+        filename,
+        expectedFilename,
+        "attachmentlink" +
+          idx +
+          " " +
+          expectedFilename +
+          " was saved with the correct name when opened as attachment"
+      );
+    }
+
+    try {
+      await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+    } catch (ex) {}
+  }
+
+  sendAsAttachment = false;
+});
+
+// This test checks some cases where links to images are saved using Save Link As,
+// and when opening them in a new tab and then using Save Page As.
+add_task(async function saveas_image_links() {
+  let links = await getItems("links");
+
+  // Iterate over each link and try saving the links from the context menu,
+  // and then after opening a new tab for that link and then selecting
+  // the Save Page As command on the File menu.
+  for (let testname of ["save link as", "save link then save page as"]) {
+    for (let idx = 0; idx < links.length; idx++) {
+      let menu = document.getElementById("contentAreaContextMenu");
+      let popupShown = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(menu, "popupshown");
+      BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+        "#link" + idx,
+        5,
+        5,
+        { type: "contextmenu", button: 2 },
+        gBrowser.selectedBrowser
+      );
+      await popupShown;
+
+      let promptPromise = new Promise(resolve => {
+        MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+          setTimeout(() => {
+            resolve(fp.defaultString);
+          }, 0);
+          return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+        };
+      });
+
+      if (testname == "save link as") {
+        let menuitem = document.getElementById("context-savelink");
+        menu.activateItem(menuitem);
+      } else {
+        let newTabPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(gBrowser);
+
+        let menuitem = document.getElementById("context-openlinkintab");
+        menu.activateItem(menuitem);
+
+        let tab = await newTabPromise;
+        await BrowserTestUtils.switchTab(gBrowser, tab);
+
+        document.getElementById("Browser:SavePage").doCommand();
+      }
+
+      let filename = await promptPromise;
+
+      let expectedFilename = links[idx].filename;
+      // Only codepaths that go through contentAreaUtils.js use the
+      // name from the content disposition.
+      if (testname == "save link as" && expectedFilename == "four.png") {
+        expectedFilename = "save_filename.png";
+      }
+
+      is(
+        filename,
+        expectedFilename,
+        "i" +
+          idx +
+          " " +
+          expectedFilename +
+          " link was saved with the correct name " +
+          testname
+      );
+
+      if (testname == "save link then save page as") {
+        await BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+// This test checks that links that with a download attribute
+// are saved with the right filenames.
+add_task(async function save_download_links() {
+  let downloads = await getItems("downloads");
+
+  let list = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  for (let idx = 0; idx < downloads.length; idx++) {
+    let downloadFinishedPromise = promiseDownloadFinished(list);
+
+    BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouse(
+      "#download" + idx,
+      2,
+      2,
+      {},
+      gBrowser.selectedBrowser
+    );
+
+    let download = await downloadFinishedPromise;
+
+    let filename = PathUtils.filename(download.target.path);
+
+    if (downloads[idx].filename.length > 240) {
+      ok(
+        checkShortenedFilename(filename, downloads[idx].filename),
+        "download" +
+          idx +
+          " " +
+          downloads[idx].filename +
+          " was saved with the correct name when link has download attribute"
+      );
+    } else {
+      if (idx == 66 && filename == "Untitled(1)") {
+        // Sometimes, the previous test's file still exists or wasn't created in time
+        // and a non-duplicated name is created. Allow this rather than figuring out
+        // how to avoid it since it doesn't affect what is being tested here.
+        filename = "Untitled";
+      }
+
+      is(
+        filename,
+        downloads[idx].filename,
+        "download" +
+          idx +
+          " " +
+          downloads[idx].filename +
+          " was saved with the correct name when link has download attribute"
+      );
+    }
+
+    try {
+      await IOUtils.remove(download.target.path);
+    } catch (ex) {}
+  }
+});
+
+// This test verifies that invalid extensions are not removed when they
+// have been entered in the file picker.
+add_task(async function save_page_with_invalid_after_filepicker() {
+  await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    "http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=html&filename=invfile.lnk"
+  );
+
+  let filename = await new Promise(resolve => {
+    MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+      let expectedFilename =
+        AppConstants.platform == "win" ? "invfile.lnk.htm" : "invfile.lnk.html";
+      is(fp.defaultString, expectedFilename, "supplied filename is correct");
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        resolve("otherfile.local");
+      }, 0);
+      return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+    };
+
+    document.getElementById("Browser:SavePage").doCommand();
+  });
+
+  is(filename, "otherfile.local", "lnk extension has been preserved");
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+});
+
+add_task(async function save_page_with_invalid_extension() {
+  await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    "http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=html"
+  );
+
+  let filename = await new Promise(resolve => {
+    MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        resolve(fp.defaultString);
+      }, 0);
+      return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+    };
+
+    document.getElementById("Browser:SavePage").doCommand();
+  });
+
+  is(
+    filename,
+    AppConstants.platform == "win" ? "file.inv.htm" : "file.inv.html",
+    "html extension has been added"
+  );
+
+  await BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+});
+
+add_task(async () => {
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+  MockFilePicker.cleanup();
+  await new Promise(resolve => httpServer.stop(resolve));
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_shows_where_to_save_dialog.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_shows_where_to_save_dialog.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6bf375dfff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_shows_where_to_save_dialog.js
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const { DownloadIntegration } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+const { handleInternally, useHelperApp, useSystemDefault, saveToDisk } =
+  Ci.nsIHandlerInfo;
+
+let MockFilePicker = SpecialPowers.MockFilePicker;
+MockFilePicker.init(window);
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      ["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false],
+      ["browser.download.useDownloadDir", false],
+    ],
+  });
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    let hiddenPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+      DownloadsPanel.panel,
+      "popuphidden"
+    );
+    DownloadsPanel.hidePanel();
+    await hiddenPromise;
+    MockFilePicker.cleanup();
+  });
+});
+
+// This test ensures that a "Save as..." filepicker dialog is shown for a file
+// if useDownloadDir ("Always ask where to save files") is set to false and
+// the filetype is set to save to disk.
+add_task(async function aDownloadSavedToDiskPromptsForFolder() {
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  ensureMIMEState(
+    { preferredAction: saveToDisk },
+    { type: "text/plain", ext: "txt" }
+  );
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    await publicList.removeFinished();
+  });
+  let filePickerShownPromise = new Promise(resolve => {
+    MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+      setTimeout(resolve, 0);
+      return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+    };
+  });
+
+  let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+    gBrowser,
+    opening: TEST_PATH + "file_txt_attachment_test.txt",
+    waitForLoad: false,
+    waitForStateStop: true,
+  });
+
+  info("Waiting on filepicker.");
+  await filePickerShownPromise;
+  ok(true, "filepicker should have been shown");
+
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+});
+
+// This test ensures that downloads configured to open internally create only
+// one file destination when saved via the filepicker, and don't prompt.
+add_task(async function testFilesHandledInternally() {
+  let dir = await setupFilePickerDirectory();
+
+  ensureMIMEState(
+    { preferredAction: handleInternally },
+    { type: "image/webp", ext: "webp" }
+  );
+
+  let filePickerShown = false;
+  MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+    filePickerShown = true;
+    return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+  };
+
+  let thirdTabPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(
+    gBrowser,
+    url => {
+      info("Got load for " + url);
+      return url.endsWith("file_green.webp") && url.startsWith("file:");
+    },
+    true,
+    true
+  );
+  let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+    gBrowser,
+    opening: TEST_PATH + "file_green.webp",
+    waitForLoad: false,
+    waitForStateStop: true,
+  });
+
+  let openedTab = await thirdTabPromise;
+  ok(!filePickerShown, "file picker should not have shown up.");
+
+  assertCorrectFile(dir, "file_green.webp");
+
+  // Cleanup
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(openedTab);
+});
+
+// This test ensures that downloads configured to open with a system default
+// app create only one file destination and don't open the filepicker.
+add_task(async function testFilesHandledBySystemDefaultApp() {
+  let dir = await setupFilePickerDirectory();
+
+  ensureMIMEState({ preferredAction: useSystemDefault });
+
+  let filePickerShown = false;
+  MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+    filePickerShown = true;
+    return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+  };
+
+  let oldLaunchFile = DownloadIntegration.launchFile;
+  let launchFileCalled = new Promise(resolve => {
+    DownloadIntegration.launchFile = async (file, mimeInfo) => {
+      is(
+        useSystemDefault,
+        mimeInfo.preferredAction,
+        "The file should be launched with a system app handler."
+      );
+      resolve();
+    };
+  });
+
+  let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+    gBrowser,
+    opening: TEST_PATH + "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf",
+    waitForLoad: false,
+    waitForStateStop: true,
+  });
+
+  await launchFileCalled;
+  ok(!filePickerShown, "file picker should not have shown up.");
+
+  assertCorrectFile(dir, "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf");
+
+  // Cleanup
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+  DownloadIntegration.launchFile = oldLaunchFile;
+});
+
+// This test ensures that downloads configured to open with a helper app create
+// only one file destination when saved via the filepicker.
+add_task(async function testFilesHandledByHelperApp() {
+  let dir = await setupFilePickerDirectory();
+
+  // Create a custom helper app so we can check that a launcherPath is
+  // configured for the serialized download.
+  let appHandler = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  appHandler.name = "Dummy Test Handler";
+  appHandler.executable = Services.dirsvc.get("ProfD", Ci.nsIFile);
+  appHandler.executable.append("helper_handler_test.exe");
+
+  if (!appHandler.executable.exists()) {
+    appHandler.executable.create(Ci.nsIFile.NORMAL_FILE_TYPE, 0o777);
+  }
+
+  ensureMIMEState({
+    preferredAction: useHelperApp,
+    preferredHandlerApp: appHandler,
+  });
+
+  let filePickerShown = false;
+  MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+    filePickerShown = true;
+    return Ci.nsIFilePicker.returnCancel;
+  };
+
+  let publicDownloads = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  let downloadFinishedPromise = new Promise(resolve => {
+    publicDownloads.addView({
+      onDownloadChanged(download) {
+        if (download.succeeded || download.error) {
+          ok(
+            download.launcherPath.includes("helper_handler_test.exe"),
+            "Launcher path is available."
+          );
+          resolve();
+        }
+      },
+    });
+  });
+
+  let oldLaunchFile = DownloadIntegration.launchFile;
+  let launchFileCalled = new Promise(resolve => {
+    DownloadIntegration.launchFile = async (file, mimeInfo) => {
+      is(
+        useHelperApp,
+        mimeInfo.preferredAction,
+        "The file should be launched with a helper app handler."
+      );
+      resolve();
+    };
+  });
+
+  let loadingTab = await BrowserTestUtils.openNewForegroundTab({
+    gBrowser,
+    opening: TEST_PATH + "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf",
+    waitForLoad: false,
+    waitForStateStop: true,
+  });
+
+  await downloadFinishedPromise;
+  await launchFileCalled;
+  ok(!filePickerShown, "file picker should not have shown up.");
+  assertCorrectFile(dir, "file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf");
+
+  // Cleanup
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(loadingTab);
+  DownloadIntegration.launchFile = oldLaunchFile;
+});
+
+async function setupFilePickerDirectory() {
+  let saveDir = createSaveDir();
+  Services.prefs.setComplexValue("browser.download.dir", Ci.nsIFile, saveDir);
+  Services.prefs.setIntPref("browser.download.folderList", 2);
+
+  MockFilePicker.displayDirectory = saveDir;
+  MockFilePicker.returnValue = MockFilePicker.returnOK;
+  MockFilePicker.showCallback = function (fp) {
+    let file = saveDir.clone();
+    file.append(fp.defaultString);
+    MockFilePicker.setFiles([file]);
+  };
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.dir");
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.folderList");
+    let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+    let unfinishedDownloads = new Set(
+      (await publicList.getAll()).filter(dl => !dl.succeeded && !dl.error)
+    );
+    if (unfinishedDownloads.size) {
+      info(`Have ${unfinishedDownloads.size} unfinished downloads, waiting.`);
+      await new Promise(resolve => {
+        let view = {
+          onChanged(dl) {
+            if (unfinishedDownloads.has(dl) && (dl.succeeded || dl.error)) {
+              unfinishedDownloads.delete(dl);
+              info(`Removed another download.`);
+              if (!unfinishedDownloads.size) {
+                publicList.removeView(view);
+                resolve();
+              }
+            }
+          },
+        };
+        publicList.addView(view);
+      });
+    }
+    try {
+      await IOUtils.remove(saveDir.path, { recursive: true });
+    } catch (e) {
+      console.error(e);
+    }
+  });
+
+  return saveDir;
+}
+
+function assertCorrectFile(saveDir, filename) {
+  info("Make sure additional files haven't been created.");
+  let iter = saveDir.directoryEntries;
+  let file = iter.nextFile;
+  ok(file.path.includes(filename), "Download has correct filename");
+  ok(!iter.nextFile, "Only one file was created.");
+}
+
+function createSaveDir() {
+  info("Creating save directory.");
+  let time = new Date().getTime();
+  let saveDir = Services.dirsvc.get("TmpD", Ci.nsIFile);
+  saveDir.append(time);
+  return saveDir;
+}
+
+function ensureMIMEState(
+  { preferredAction, preferredHandlerApp = null },
+  { type = "application/pdf", ext = "pdf" } = {}
+) {
+  const mimeInfo = gMimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(type, ext);
+  mimeInfo.preferredAction = preferredAction;
+  mimeInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = preferredHandlerApp;
+  mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  gHandlerSvc.store(mimeInfo);
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_txt_download_save_as.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_txt_download_save_as.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7155c35fd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_txt_download_save_as.js
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const { DownloadIntegration } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+const HandlerService = Cc[
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"
+].getService(Ci.nsIHandlerService);
+const MIMEService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+
+const TEST_PATH = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content",
+  "https://example.com"
+);
+
+const {
+  saveToDisk,
+  alwaysAsk,
+  handleInternally,
+  useHelperApp,
+  useSystemDefault,
+} = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo;
+const testDir = createTemporarySaveDirectory();
+const MockFilePicker = SpecialPowers.MockFilePicker;
+MockFilePicker.init(window);
+
+Services.scriptloader.loadSubScript(
+  "chrome://mochitests/content/browser/toolkit/content/tests/browser/common/mockTransfer.js",
+  this
+);
+
+async function testSaveAsDownload() {
+  await BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    `data:text/html,<a id="test-link" href="${TEST_PATH}/file_txt_attachment_test.txt">Test TXT Link</a>`,
+    async browser => {
+      let menu = document.getElementById("contentAreaContextMenu");
+      ok(menu, "Context menu exists on the page");
+
+      let popupShown = BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(menu, "popupshown");
+      BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+        "a#test-link",
+        { type: "contextmenu", button: 2 },
+        browser
+      );
+      await popupShown;
+      info("Context menu popup was successfully displayed");
+
+      let filePickerPromise = setupFilePicker();
+
+      info("Clicking Save As... context menu");
+      let menuitem = menu.querySelector("#context-savelink");
+      menu.activateItem(menuitem);
+      await filePickerPromise;
+    }
+  );
+}
+
+async function setupFilePicker() {
+  return new Promise(resolve => {
+    MockFilePicker.returnValue = MockFilePicker.returnOK;
+    MockFilePicker.displayDirectory = testDir;
+    MockFilePicker.showCallback = fp => {
+      ok(true, "filepicker should be visible");
+      ok(
+        fp.defaultExtension === "txt",
+        "Default extension in filepicker should be txt"
+      );
+      ok(
+        fp.defaultString === "file_txt_attachment_test.txt",
+        "Default string name in filepicker should have the correct file name"
+      );
+      const destFile = testDir.clone();
+      destFile.append(fp.defaultString);
+      MockFilePicker.setFiles([destFile]);
+
+      mockTransferCallback = success => {
+        ok(success, "File should have been downloaded successfully");
+        ok(destFile.exists(), "File should exist in test directory");
+        resolve(destFile);
+      };
+    };
+  });
+}
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [
+      ["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", false],
+      ["browser.download.useDownloadDir", false],
+    ],
+  });
+  mockTransferRegisterer.register();
+
+  let oldLaunchFile = DownloadIntegration.launchFile;
+  DownloadIntegration.launchFile = () => {
+    ok(false, "Download should not have launched");
+  };
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(async () => {
+    DownloadIntegration.launchFile = oldLaunchFile;
+    mockTransferRegisterer.unregister();
+
+    // We only want to run MockFilerPicker.cleanup after the entire test is run.
+    // Otherwise, we cannot use MockFilePicker for each preferredAction.
+    MockFilePicker.cleanup();
+
+    testDir.remove(true);
+    ok(!testDir.exists(), "Test directory should be removed");
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that selecting the context menu item `Save Link As…` on a txt file link
+ * opens the file picker and only downloads the file without any launches when
+ * browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types is disabled.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_txt_save_as_link() {
+  let mimeInfo;
+
+  for (let preferredAction of [
+    saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAsk,
+    handleInternally,
+    useHelperApp,
+    useSystemDefault,
+  ]) {
+    mimeInfo = MIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", "txt");
+    mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = preferredAction === alwaysAsk;
+    mimeInfo.preferredAction = preferredAction;
+    HandlerService.store(mimeInfo);
+
+    info(
+      `Setting up filepicker with preferredAction ${preferredAction} and ask = ${mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling}`
+    );
+    await testSaveAsDownload(mimeInfo);
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that selecting the context menu item `Save Link As…` on a txt file link
+ * opens the file picker and only downloads the file without any launches when
+ * browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types is disabled. For this
+ * particular test, set alwaysAskBeforeHandling to true.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_txt_save_as_link_alwaysAskBeforeHandling() {
+  let mimeInfo;
+
+  for (let preferredAction of [
+    saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAsk,
+    handleInternally,
+    useHelperApp,
+    useSystemDefault,
+  ]) {
+    mimeInfo = MIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", "txt");
+    mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+    mimeInfo.preferredAction = preferredAction;
+    HandlerService.store(mimeInfo);
+
+    info(
+      `Setting up filepicker with preferredAction ${preferredAction} and ask = ${mimeInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling}`
+    );
+    await testSaveAsDownload(mimeInfo);
+  }
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_web_handler_app_pinned_tab.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_web_handler_app_pinned_tab.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f06833665
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_web_handler_app_pinned_tab.js
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+let testURL =
+  "http://mochi.test:8888/browser/" +
+  "uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mailto.html";
+
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  this,
+  "gExternalProtocolService",
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1",
+  "nsIExternalProtocolService"
+);
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  this,
+  "gHandlerService",
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1",
+  "nsIHandlerService"
+);
+
+let prevAlwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+let prevPreferredAction;
+let prevPreferredApplicationHandler;
+
+add_setup(async function () {
+  let handler = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto", {});
+
+  // Create a fake mail handler
+  const APP_NAME = "ExMail";
+  const HANDLER_URL = "https://example.com/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s";
+  let app = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1"].createInstance(
+    Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp
+  );
+  app.uriTemplate = HANDLER_URL;
+  app.name = APP_NAME;
+
+  // Store defaults
+  prevAlwaysAskBeforeHandling = handler.alwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  prevPreferredAction = handler.preferredAction;
+  prevPreferredApplicationHandler = handler.preferredApplicationHandler;
+
+  // Set the fake app as default
+  handler.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  handler.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp;
+  handler.preferredApplicationHandler = app;
+  gHandlerService.store(handler);
+});
+
+registerCleanupFunction(async function () {
+  let handler = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto", {});
+  handler.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = prevAlwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  handler.preferredAction = prevPreferredAction;
+  handler.preferredApplicationHandler = prevPreferredApplicationHandler;
+  gHandlerService.store(handler);
+});
+
+add_task(async function () {
+  const expectedURL =
+    "https://example.com/?extsrc=mailto&url=mailto%3Amail%40example.com";
+
+  // Load a page with mailto handler.
+  let browser = gBrowser.selectedBrowser;
+  BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(browser, testURL);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(browser, false, testURL);
+
+  // Pin as an app tab
+  gBrowser.pinTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+
+  // Click the link and check the new tab is correct
+  let promiseTabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(gBrowser, expectedURL);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter("#link", {}, browser);
+  let tab = await promiseTabOpened;
+  is(
+    gURLBar.value,
+    expectedURL,
+    "the mailto web handler is opened in a new tab"
+  );
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(tab);
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_web_protocol_handlers.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_web_protocol_handlers.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8046629219
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/browser_web_protocol_handlers.js
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+let testURL =
+  "https://example.com/browser/" +
+  "uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/protocolHandler.html";
+
+add_task(async function () {
+  await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+    set: [["security.external_protocol_requires_permission", false]],
+  });
+
+  // Load a page registering a protocol handler.
+  let browser = gBrowser.selectedBrowser;
+  BrowserTestUtils.loadURIString(browser, testURL);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(browser, false, testURL);
+
+  // Register the protocol handler by clicking the notificationbar button.
+  let notificationValue = "Protocol Registration: web+testprotocol";
+  let getNotification = () =>
+    gBrowser.getNotificationBox().getNotificationWithValue(notificationValue);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.waitForCondition(getNotification);
+  let notification = getNotification();
+  let button = notification.buttonContainer.querySelector("button");
+  ok(button, "got registration button");
+  button.click();
+
+  // Set the new handler as default.
+  const protoSvc = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1"
+  ].getService(Ci.nsIExternalProtocolService);
+  let protoInfo = protoSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo("web+testprotocol");
+  is(
+    protoInfo.preferredAction,
+    protoInfo.useHelperApp,
+    "using a helper application is the preferred action"
+  );
+  ok(!protoInfo.preferredApplicationHandler, "no preferred handler is set");
+  let handlers = protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers;
+  is(1, handlers.length, "only one handler registered for web+testprotocol");
+  let handler = handlers.queryElementAt(0, Ci.nsIHandlerApp);
+  ok(handler instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp, "the handler is a web handler");
+  is(
+    handler.uriTemplate,
+    "https://example.com/foobar?uri=%s",
+    "correct url template"
+  );
+  protoInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = handler;
+  protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  const handlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsIHandlerService
+  );
+  handlerSvc.store(protoInfo);
+
+  const expectedURL =
+    "https://example.com/foobar?uri=web%2Btestprotocol%3Atest";
+
+  // Create a framed link:
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(browser, [], async function () {
+    let iframe = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+    iframe.src = `data:text/html,<a href="web+testprotocol:test">Click me</a>`;
+    content.document.body.append(iframe);
+    // Can't return this promise because it resolves to the event object.
+    await ContentTaskUtils.waitForEvent(iframe, "load");
+    iframe.contentDocument.querySelector("a").click();
+  });
+  let kidContext = browser.browsingContext.children[0];
+  await TestUtils.waitForCondition(() => {
+    let spec = kidContext.currentWindowGlobal?.documentURI?.spec || "";
+    return spec == expectedURL;
+  });
+  is(
+    kidContext.currentWindowGlobal.documentURI.spec,
+    expectedURL,
+    "Should load in frame."
+  );
+
+  // Middle-click a testprotocol link and check the new tab is correct
+  let link = "#link";
+
+  let promiseTabOpened = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewTab(gBrowser, expectedURL);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(link, { button: 1 }, browser);
+  let tab = await promiseTabOpened;
+  gBrowser.selectedTab = tab;
+  is(
+    gURLBar.value,
+    expectedURL,
+    "the expected URL is displayed in the location bar"
+  );
+  BrowserTestUtils.removeTab(tab);
+
+  // Shift-click the testprotocol link and check the new window.
+  let newWindowPromise = BrowserTestUtils.waitForNewWindow({
+    url: expectedURL,
+  });
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(
+    link,
+    { shiftKey: true },
+    browser
+  );
+  let win = await newWindowPromise;
+  await BrowserTestUtils.waitForCondition(
+    () => win.gBrowser.currentURI.spec == expectedURL
+  );
+  is(
+    win.gURLBar.value,
+    expectedURL,
+    "the expected URL is displayed in the location bar"
+  );
+  await BrowserTestUtils.closeWindow(win);
+
+  // Click the testprotocol link and check the url in the current tab.
+  let loadPromise = BrowserTestUtils.browserLoaded(browser);
+  await BrowserTestUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(link, {}, browser);
+  await loadPromise;
+  await BrowserTestUtils.waitForCondition(() => gURLBar.value != testURL);
+  is(
+    gURLBar.value,
+    expectedURL,
+    "the expected URL is displayed in the location bar"
+  );
+
+  // Cleanup.
+  protoInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = null;
+  handlers.removeElementAt(0);
+  handlerSvc.store(protoInfo);
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download.bin b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download.bin
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e4b0c7bae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download.bin
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+abc123
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download.sjs b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download.sjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d02d2b7355
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download.sjs
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+"use strict";
+
+function actuallyHandleRequest(req, res) {
+  res.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream", false);
+  res.write("abc123");
+  res.finish();
+}
+
+function handleRequest(req, res) {
+  if (req.queryString.includes("finish")) {
+    res.write("OK");
+    let downloadReq = null;
+    getObjectState("downloadReq", o => {
+      downloadReq = o;
+    });
+    // Two possibilities: either the download request has already reached us, or not.
+    if (downloadReq) {
+      downloadReq.wrappedJSObject.callback();
+    } else {
+      // Set a variable to allow the request to complete immediately:
+      setState("finishReq", "true");
+    }
+  } else if (req.queryString.includes("reset")) {
+    res.write("OK");
+    setObjectState("downloadReq", null);
+    setState("finishReq", "false");
+  } else {
+    res.processAsync();
+    if (getState("finishReq") === "true") {
+      actuallyHandleRequest(req, res);
+    } else {
+      let o = {
+        callback() {
+          actuallyHandleRequest(req, res);
+        },
+      };
+      o.wrappedJSObject = o;
+      o.QueryInterface = () => o;
+      setObjectState("downloadReq", o);
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download_page.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download_page.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a264888fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/download_page.html
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<!-- Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   - http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ -->
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta charset=UTF-8>
+  <title>Test page for link clicking</title>
+  <script type="text/javascript">
+    function launch_download(extra) {
+      window.open("download.sjs", "_blank", "height=100,width=100" + extra);
+    }
+  </script>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <a href="download.bin" id="regular_load">regular load</a>
+  <a href="download.bin" id="target_blank" target="_blank" rel="opener">target blank</a>
+  <a href="#" onclick="launch_download(''); return false" id="new_window">new window</a>
+  <a href="#" onclick="window.open('download_page.html?newwin'); return false" id="open_in_new_tab">click to reopen</a>
+  <a href="download.bin" id="target_blank_no_opener" rel="noopener" target="_blank">target blank (noopener)</a>
+  <a href="#" onclick="window.open('download.bin', '_blank', 'noopener'); return false" id="open_in_new_tab_no_opener">click to reopen (noopener)</a>
+  <a href="#" onclick="launch_download(',noopener'); return false" id="new_window_no_opener">new window (noopener)</a>
+</body>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_as.exe b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_as.exe
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2f5ab47f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_as.exe
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Not actually an executable... but let's pretend!
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_as.exe^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_as.exe^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..89f22e30be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_as.exe^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Content-Type: binary/octet-stream
+Content-Disposition: attachment
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_external_protocol_iframe.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_external_protocol_iframe.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb2fb74441
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_external_protocol_iframe.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<iframe src="mailto:foo@bar.com"></iframe>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_green.webp b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_green.webp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..04b7f003b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_green.webp
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_green.webp^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_green.webp^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f6afd6625
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_green.webp^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=file_green.webp
+Content-Type: image/webp
+
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_image_svgxml.svg b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_image_svgxml.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b730c4c492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_image_svgxml.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+  <rect x="5" y="5" width="10" height="10" fill="white"/>
+</svg>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_image_svgxml.svg^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_image_svgxml.svg^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5279ae8636
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_image_svgxml.svg^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+content-disposition: attachment; filename=file_image_svgxml_svg; filename*=UTF-8''file_image_svgxml.svg
+content-type: image/svg+xml
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_nested_protocol_request.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_nested_protocol_request.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b1bb863f89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_nested_protocol_request.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<iframe srcdoc="<a href='mailto:help@example.com'>Mail someone</a>"></iframe>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e8cb41cba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf"; filename*=UTF-8''file_pdf_application_octet_stream.pdf
+Content-Type: application/octet-stream
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1d59b9754
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+content-disposition: attachment; filename=file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf; filename*=UTF-8''file_pdf_application_pdf.pdf
+content-type: application/pdf
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..157c0e0943
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+content-disposition: attachment; filename=file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf; filename*=UTF-8''file_pdf_application_unknown.pdf
+content-type: application/unknown
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6358f54f48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf"; filename*=UTF-8''file_pdf_binary_octet_stream.pdf
+Content-Type: binary/octet-stream
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_txt_attachment_test.txt b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_txt_attachment_test.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_txt_attachment_test.txt
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_txt_attachment_test.txt^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_txt_attachment_test.txt^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dcfed6af23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_txt_attachment_test.txt^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=file_txt_attachment_test.txt
+Content-Type: text/plain
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with@@funny_name.png b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with@@funny_name.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..743292dc6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with@@funny_name.png
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with@@funny_name.png^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with@@funny_name.png^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06e0cd957f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with@@funny_name.png^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename=file_with%40%40funny_name.png
+Content-Type: image/png
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with[funny_name.webm b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with[funny_name.webm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7bc738b8b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with[funny_name.webm
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with[funny_name.webm^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with[funny_name.webm^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b77e9d3687
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_with[funny_name.webm^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename=file_with%5Bfunny_name.webm
+Content-Type: video/webm
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3a5792586a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
+
+<something>
+</something>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5bdc4448e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_binary_octet_stream.xml^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Content-Disposition: attachment
+Content-Type: binary/octet-stream
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_test.xml b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_test.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3a5792586a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_test.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
+
+<something>
+</something>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_test.xml^headers^ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_test.xml^headers^
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac0355d976
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/file_xml_attachment_test.xml^headers^
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=file_xml_attachment_test.xml
+Content-Type: text/xml
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/head.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/head.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..183aeee20e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/head.js
@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+var { FileUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/FileUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+var { HandlerServiceTestUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/HandlerServiceTestUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+var gMimeSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+var gHandlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+  Ci.nsIHandlerService
+);
+
+function createMockedHandlerApp() {
+  // Mock the executable
+  let mockedExecutable = FileUtils.getFile("TmpD", ["mockedExecutable"]);
+  if (!mockedExecutable.exists()) {
+    mockedExecutable.create(Ci.nsIFile.NORMAL_FILE_TYPE, 0o755);
+  }
+
+  // Mock the handler app
+  let mockedHandlerApp = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  mockedHandlerApp.executable = mockedExecutable;
+  mockedHandlerApp.detailedDescription = "Mocked handler app";
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(function () {
+    // remove the mocked executable from disk.
+    if (mockedExecutable.exists()) {
+      mockedExecutable.remove(true);
+    }
+  });
+
+  return mockedHandlerApp;
+}
+
+function createMockedObjects(createHandlerApp) {
+  // Mock the mime info
+  let internalMockedMIME = gMimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "text/x-test-handler",
+    null
+  );
+  internalMockedMIME.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  internalMockedMIME.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp;
+  internalMockedMIME.appendExtension("abc");
+  if (createHandlerApp) {
+    let mockedHandlerApp = createMockedHandlerApp();
+    internalMockedMIME.description = mockedHandlerApp.detailedDescription;
+    internalMockedMIME.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(
+      mockedHandlerApp
+    );
+    internalMockedMIME.preferredApplicationHandler = mockedHandlerApp;
+  }
+
+  // Proxy for the mocked MIME info for faking the read-only attributes
+  let mockedMIME = new Proxy(internalMockedMIME, {
+    get(target, property) {
+      switch (property) {
+        case "hasDefaultHandler":
+          return true;
+        case "defaultDescription":
+          return "Default description";
+        default:
+          return target[property];
+      }
+    },
+  });
+
+  // Mock the launcher:
+  let mockedLauncher = {
+    MIMEInfo: mockedMIME,
+    source: Services.io.newURI("http://www.mozilla.org/"),
+    suggestedFileName: "test_download_dialog.abc",
+    targetFileIsExecutable: false,
+    saveToDisk() {},
+    cancel() {},
+    setDownloadToLaunch() {},
+    setWebProgressListener() {},
+    saveDestinationAvailable() {},
+    contentLength: 42,
+    targetFile: null, // never read
+    // PRTime is microseconds since epoch, Date.now() returns milliseconds:
+    timeDownloadStarted: Date.now() * 1000,
+    QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI([
+      "nsICancelable",
+      "nsIHelperAppLauncher",
+    ]),
+  };
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(function () {
+    // remove the mocked mime info from database.
+    let mockHandlerInfo = gMimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+      "text/x-test-handler",
+      null
+    );
+    if (gHandlerSvc.exists(mockHandlerInfo)) {
+      gHandlerSvc.remove(mockHandlerInfo);
+    }
+  });
+
+  return mockedLauncher;
+}
+
+function createTemporarySaveDirectory() {
+  var saveDir = Services.dirsvc.get("TmpD", Ci.nsIFile);
+  saveDir.append("testsavedir");
+  if (!saveDir.exists()) {
+    saveDir.create(Ci.nsIFile.DIRECTORY_TYPE, 0o755);
+  }
+  return saveDir;
+}
+
+async function openHelperAppDialog(launcher) {
+  let helperAppDialog = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/helperapplauncherdialog;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsIHelperAppLauncherDialog);
+
+  let helperAppDialogShownPromise = BrowserTestUtils.domWindowOpenedAndLoaded();
+  try {
+    helperAppDialog.show(launcher, window, "foopy");
+  } catch (ex) {
+    ok(
+      false,
+      "Trying to show unknownContentType.xhtml failed with exception: " + ex
+    );
+    console.error(ex);
+  }
+  let dlg = await helperAppDialogShownPromise;
+
+  is(
+    dlg.location.href,
+    "chrome://mozapps/content/downloads/unknownContentType.xhtml",
+    "Got correct dialog"
+  );
+
+  return dlg;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Wait for a subdialog event indicating a dialog either opened
+ * or was closed.
+ *
+ * First argument is the browser in which to listen. If a tabbrowser,
+ * we listen to subdialogs for any tab of that browser.
+ */
+async function waitForSubDialog(browser, url, state) {
+  let eventStr = state ? "dialogopen" : "dialogclose";
+
+  let eventTarget;
+
+  // Tabbrowser?
+  if (browser.tabContainer) {
+    eventTarget = browser.tabContainer.ownerDocument.documentElement;
+  } else {
+    // Individual browser. Get its box:
+    let tabDialogBox = browser.ownerGlobal.gBrowser.getTabDialogBox(browser);
+    eventTarget = tabDialogBox.getTabDialogManager()._dialogStack;
+  }
+
+  let checkFn;
+
+  if (state) {
+    checkFn = dialogEvent => dialogEvent.detail.dialog?._openedURL == url;
+  }
+
+  let event = await BrowserTestUtils.waitForEvent(
+    eventTarget,
+    eventStr,
+    true,
+    checkFn
+  );
+
+  let { dialog } = event.detail;
+
+  // If the dialog is closing wait for it to be fully closed before resolving
+  if (!state) {
+    await dialog._closingPromise;
+  }
+
+  return event.detail.dialog;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Wait for protocol permission dialog open/close.
+ * @param {MozBrowser} browser - Browser element the dialog belongs to.
+ * @param {boolean} state - true: dialog open, false: dialog close
+ * @returns {Promise<SubDialog>} - Returns a promise which resolves with the
+ * SubDialog object of the dialog which closed or opened.
+ */
+async function waitForProtocolPermissionDialog(browser, state) {
+  return waitForSubDialog(
+    browser,
+    "chrome://mozapps/content/handling/permissionDialog.xhtml",
+    state
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Wait for protocol app chooser dialog open/close.
+ * @param {MozBrowser} browser - Browser element the dialog belongs to.
+ * @param {boolean} state - true: dialog open, false: dialog close
+ * @returns {Promise<SubDialog>} - Returns a promise which resolves with the
+ * SubDialog object of the dialog which closed or opened.
+ */
+async function waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(browser, state) {
+  return waitForSubDialog(
+    browser,
+    "chrome://mozapps/content/handling/appChooser.xhtml",
+    state
+  );
+}
+
+async function promiseDownloadFinished(list, stopFromOpening) {
+  return new Promise(resolve => {
+    list.addView({
+      onDownloadChanged(download) {
+        if (stopFromOpening) {
+          download.launchWhenSucceeded = false;
+        }
+        info("Download changed!");
+        if (download.succeeded || download.error) {
+          info("Download succeeded or errored");
+          list.removeView(this);
+          resolve(download);
+        }
+      },
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+function setupMailHandler() {
+  let mailHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("mailto");
+  let gOldMailHandlers = [];
+
+  // Remove extant web handlers because they have icons that
+  // we fetch from the web, which isn't allowed in tests.
+  let handlers = mailHandlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers;
+  for (let i = handlers.Count() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    try {
+      let handler = handlers.queryElementAt(i, Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+      gOldMailHandlers.push(handler);
+      // If we get here, this is a web handler app. Remove it:
+      handlers.removeElementAt(i);
+    } catch (ex) {}
+  }
+
+  let previousHandling = mailHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling;
+  mailHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+
+  // Create a dummy web mail handler so we always know the mailto: protocol.
+  // Without this, the test fails on VMs without a default mailto: handler,
+  // because no dialog is ever shown, as we ignore subframe navigations to
+  // protocols that cannot be handled.
+  let dummy = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1"].createInstance(
+    Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp
+  );
+  dummy.name = "Handler 1";
+  dummy.uriTemplate = "https://example.com/first/%s";
+  mailHandlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(dummy);
+
+  gHandlerSvc.store(mailHandlerInfo);
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    // Re-add the original protocol handlers:
+    let mailHandlers = mailHandlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers;
+    for (let i = handlers.Count() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      try {
+        // See if this is a web handler. If it is, it'll throw, otherwise,
+        // we will remove it.
+        mailHandlers.queryElementAt(i, Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+        mailHandlers.removeElementAt(i);
+      } catch (ex) {}
+    }
+    for (let h of gOldMailHandlers) {
+      mailHandlers.appendElement(h);
+    }
+    mailHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = previousHandling;
+    gHandlerSvc.store(mailHandlerInfo);
+  });
+}
+
+let gDownloadDir;
+
+async function setDownloadDir() {
+  let tmpDir = PathUtils.join(
+    PathUtils.tempDir,
+    "testsavedir" + Math.floor(Math.random() * 2 ** 32)
+  );
+  // Create this dir if it doesn't exist (ignores existing dirs)
+  await IOUtils.makeDirectory(tmpDir);
+  registerCleanupFunction(async function () {
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.folderList");
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.dir");
+    try {
+      await IOUtils.remove(tmpDir, { recursive: true });
+    } catch (e) {
+      console.error(e);
+    }
+  });
+  Services.prefs.setIntPref("browser.download.folderList", 2);
+  Services.prefs.setCharPref("browser.download.dir", tmpDir);
+  return tmpDir;
+}
+
+add_setup(async function test_common_initialize() {
+  gDownloadDir = await setDownloadDir();
+  Services.prefs.setCharPref("browser.download.loglevel", "Debug");
+  registerCleanupFunction(function () {
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("browser.download.loglevel");
+  });
+});
+
+async function removeAllDownloads() {
+  let publicList = await Downloads.getList(Downloads.PUBLIC);
+  let downloads = await publicList.getAll();
+  for (let download of downloads) {
+    await publicList.remove(download);
+    if (await IOUtils.exists(download.target.path)) {
+      await download.finalize(true);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Helpers for external protocol sandbox tests.
+const EXT_PROTO_URI_MAILTO = "mailto:test@example.com";
+
+/**
+ * Creates and iframe and navigate to an external protocol from the iframe.
+ * @param {MozBrowser} browser - Browser to spawn iframe in.
+ * @param {string} sandboxAttr - Sandbox attribute value for the iframe.
+ * @param {'trustedClick'|'untrustedClick'|'trustedLocationAPI'|'untrustedLocationAPI'|'frameSrc'|'frameSrcRedirect'} triggerMethod
+ *  - How to trigger the navigation to the external protocol.
+ */
+async function navigateExternalProtoFromIframe(
+  browser,
+  sandboxAttr,
+  useCSPSandbox = false,
+  triggerMethod = "trustedClick"
+) {
+  if (
+    ![
+      "trustedClick",
+      "untrustedClick",
+      "trustedLocationAPI",
+      "untrustedLocationAPI",
+      "frameSrc",
+      "frameSrcRedirect",
+    ].includes(triggerMethod)
+  ) {
+    throw new Error("Invalid trigger method " + triggerMethod);
+  }
+
+  // Construct the url to use as iframe src.
+  let testPath = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+    "chrome://mochitests/content",
+    "https://example.com"
+  );
+  let frameSrc = testPath + "/protocol_custom_sandbox_helper.sjs";
+
+  // Load the external protocol directly via the frame src field.
+  if (triggerMethod == "frameSrc") {
+    frameSrc = EXT_PROTO_URI_MAILTO;
+  } else if (triggerMethod == "frameSrcRedirect") {
+    let url = new URL(frameSrc);
+    url.searchParams.set("redirectCustomProtocol", "true");
+    frameSrc = url.href;
+  }
+
+  // If enabled set the sandbox attributes via CSP header instead. To do
+  // this we need to pass the sandbox flags to the test server via query
+  // params.
+  if (useCSPSandbox) {
+    let url = new URL(frameSrc);
+    url.searchParams.set("cspSandbox", sandboxAttr);
+    frameSrc = url.href;
+
+    // If we use CSP sandbox attributes we shouldn't set any via iframe attribute.
+    sandboxAttr = null;
+  }
+
+  // Create a sandboxed iframe and navigate to the external protocol.
+  await SpecialPowers.spawn(
+    browser,
+    [sandboxAttr, frameSrc, EXT_PROTO_URI_MAILTO, triggerMethod],
+    async (sandbox, src, extProtoURI, trigger) => {
+      let frame = content.document.createElement("iframe");
+
+      if (sandbox != null) {
+        frame.sandbox = sandbox;
+      }
+
+      frame.src = src;
+
+      let useFrameSrc = trigger == "frameSrc" || trigger == "frameSrcRedirect";
+
+      // Create frame load promise.
+      let frameLoadPromise;
+      // We won't get a load event if we directly put the external protocol in
+      // the frame src.
+      if (!useFrameSrc) {
+        frameLoadPromise = ContentTaskUtils.waitForEvent(frame, "load", false);
+      }
+
+      content.document.body.appendChild(frame);
+      await frameLoadPromise;
+
+      if (!useFrameSrc) {
+        // Trigger the external protocol navigation in the iframe. We test
+        // navigation by clicking links and navigation via the history API.
+        await SpecialPowers.spawn(
+          frame,
+          [extProtoURI, trigger],
+          async (uri, trigger2) => {
+            let link = content.document.createElement("a");
+            link.innerText = "CLICK ME";
+            link.id = "extProtoLink";
+            content.document.body.appendChild(link);
+
+            if (trigger2 == "trustedClick" || trigger2 == "untrustedClick") {
+              link.href = uri;
+            } else if (
+              trigger2 == "trustedLocationAPI" ||
+              trigger2 == "untrustedLocationAPI"
+            ) {
+              link.setAttribute("onclick", `location.href = '${uri}'`);
+            }
+
+            if (
+              trigger2 == "untrustedClick" ||
+              trigger2 == "untrustedLocationAPI"
+            ) {
+              link.click();
+            } else if (
+              trigger2 == "trustedClick" ||
+              trigger2 == "trustedLocationAPI"
+            ) {
+              await ContentTaskUtils.waitForCondition(
+                () => link,
+                "wait for link to be present"
+              );
+              await EventUtils.synthesizeMouseAtCenter(link, {}, content);
+            }
+          }
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Wait for the sandbox error message which is shown in the web console when an
+ * external protocol navigation from a sandboxed context is blocked.
+ * @returns {Promise} - Promise which resolves once message has been logged.
+ */
+function waitForExtProtocolSandboxError() {
+  return new Promise(resolve => {
+    Services.console.registerListener(function onMessage(msg) {
+      let { message, logLevel } = msg;
+      if (logLevel != Ci.nsIConsoleMessage.error) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (
+        !message.includes(
+          `Blocked navigation to custom protocol “${EXT_PROTO_URI_MAILTO}” from a sandboxed context.`
+        )
+      ) {
+        return;
+      }
+      Services.console.unregisterListener(onMessage);
+      resolve();
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Run the external protocol sandbox test using iframes.
+ * @param {Object} options
+ * @param {boolean} options.blocked - Whether the navigation should be blocked.
+ * @param {string} options.sandbox -   See {@link navigateExternalProtoFromIframe}.
+ * @param {string} options.useCSPSandbox -  See {@link navigateExternalProtoFromIframe}.
+ * @param {string} options.triggerMethod - See {@link navigateExternalProtoFromIframe}.
+ * @returns {Promise} - Promise which resolves once the test has finished.
+ */
+function runExtProtocolSandboxTest(options) {
+  let { blocked, sandbox, useCSPSandbox = false, triggerMethod } = options;
+
+  let testPath = getRootDirectory(gTestPath).replace(
+    "chrome://mochitests/content",
+    "https://example.com"
+  );
+
+  info("runSandboxTest options: " + JSON.stringify(options));
+  return BrowserTestUtils.withNewTab(
+    testPath + "/protocol_custom_sandbox_helper.sjs",
+    async browser => {
+      if (blocked) {
+        let errorPromise = waitForExtProtocolSandboxError();
+        await navigateExternalProtoFromIframe(
+          browser,
+          sandbox,
+          useCSPSandbox,
+          triggerMethod
+        );
+        await errorPromise;
+
+        ok(
+          errorPromise,
+          "Should not show the dialog for iframe with sandbox " + sandbox
+        );
+      } else {
+        let dialogWindowOpenPromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+          browser,
+          true
+        );
+        await navigateExternalProtoFromIframe(
+          browser,
+          sandbox,
+          useCSPSandbox,
+          triggerMethod
+        );
+        let dialog = await dialogWindowOpenPromise;
+
+        ok(dialog, "Should show the dialog for sandbox " + sandbox);
+
+        // Close dialog before closing the tab to avoid intermittent failures.
+        let dialogWindowClosePromise = waitForProtocolAppChooserDialog(
+          browser,
+          false
+        );
+
+        dialog.close();
+        await dialogWindowClosePromise;
+      }
+    }
+  );
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/invalidCharFileExtension.sjs b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/invalidCharFileExtension.sjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8afa04cfe0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/invalidCharFileExtension.sjs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+function handleRequest(request, response) {
+  response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 200, "OK");
+
+  if (!request.queryString.match(/^name=/)) {
+    return;
+  }
+  var name = decodeURIComponent(request.queryString.substring(5));
+
+  response.setHeader("Content-Type", 'image/png; name="' + name + '"');
+  response.setHeader(
+    "Content-Disposition",
+    'attachment; filename="' + name + '"'
+  );
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mailto.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mailto.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d507697443
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mailto.html
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Mailto handler</title>
+    <meta content="text/html;charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
+    <meta content="utf-8" http-equiv="encoding">
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <a id="link" href="mailto:mail@example.com">mailto link</a>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mime_type_download.sjs b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mime_type_download.sjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a33331d0cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mime_type_download.sjs
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+function handleRequest(request, response) {
+  "use strict";
+  Cu.importGlobalProperties(["URLSearchParams"]);
+  let content = "";
+  let params = new URLSearchParams(request.queryString);
+  let extension = params.get("extension");
+  let contentType = params.get("contentType");
+  if (params.has("withHeader")) {
+    response.setHeader(
+      "Content-Disposition",
+      `attachment; filename="mime_type_download${
+        extension ? "." + extension : ""
+      }";`,
+      false
+    );
+  }
+  response.setHeader("Content-Type", contentType, false);
+  response.setHeader("Content-Length", "" + content.length, false);
+  response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 200);
+  response.write(content);
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mochitest.ini b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mochitest.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2ab1f5099
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/mochitest.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+[test_invalidCharFileExtension.xhtml]
+skip-if = toolkit == 'android' # Bug 1525959
+support-files =
+  HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js
+  invalidCharFileExtension.sjs
+[test_nullCharFile.xhtml]
+skip-if = toolkit == 'android' # Bug 1525959
+support-files =
+  HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js
+[test_unknown_ext_protocol_handlers.html]
+[test_unsafeBidiChars.xhtml]
+skip-if =
+  toolkit == 'android' # Bug 1525959
+  http3
+support-files =
+  HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js
+  unsafeBidiFileName.sjs
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/protocolHandler.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/protocolHandler.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eff8a53aab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/protocolHandler.html
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Protocol handler</title>
+    <meta content="text/html;charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
+    <meta content="utf-8" http-equiv="encoding">
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+      navigator.registerProtocolHandler("web+testprotocol",
+          "https://example.com/foobar?uri=%s",
+          "Test Protocol");
+    </script>
+    <a id="link" href="web+testprotocol:test">testprotocol link</a>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/protocol_custom_sandbox_helper.sjs b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/protocol_custom_sandbox_helper.sjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..faf2937a08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/protocol_custom_sandbox_helper.sjs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+ * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+function handleRequest(request, response) {
+  Cu.importGlobalProperties(["URLSearchParams"]);
+
+  let query = new URLSearchParams(request.queryString);
+
+  // Set CSP sandbox attributes if caller requests any.
+  let cspSandbox = query.get("cspSandbox");
+  if (cspSandbox) {
+    response.setHeader(
+      "Content-Security-Policy",
+      "sandbox " + cspSandbox,
+      false
+    );
+  }
+
+  // Redirect to custom protocol via HTTP 302.
+  if (query.get("redirectCustomProtocol")) {
+    response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 302, "Found");
+
+    response.setHeader("Location", "mailto:test@example.com", false);
+    response.write("Redirect!");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 200);
+  response.write("OK");
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/redirect_helper.sjs b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/redirect_helper.sjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c1068bebb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/redirect_helper.sjs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+Cu.importGlobalProperties(["URLSearchParams"]);
+
+function handleRequest(request, response) {
+  let params = new URLSearchParams(request.queryString);
+  let uri = params.get("uri");
+  let redirectType = params.get("redirectType") || "location";
+  switch (redirectType) {
+    case "refresh":
+      response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 200, "OK");
+      response.setHeader("Refresh", "0; url=" + uri);
+      break;
+
+    case "meta-refresh":
+      response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 200, "OK");
+      response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html");
+      response.write(`<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=${uri}">`);
+      break;
+
+    case "location":
+    // fall through
+    default:
+      response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 302, "Moved Temporarily");
+      response.setHeader("Location", uri);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/save_filenames.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/save_filenames.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1535a0f657
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/save_filenames.html
@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
+</head>
+<body>
+<style>
+  img { padding: 10px; border: 1px solid red; }
+  a { padding-left: 10px; }
+</style>
+
+<span id="items">
+
+<!-- simple filename -->
+<img id="i0" src="http://localhost:8000/basic.png"
+     data-noattach="true" data-filename="basic.png">
+
+<!-- simple filename with content disposition -->
+<img id="i1" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=simple.png" data-filename="simple.png">
+
+<!-- invalid characters in the filename -->
+<img id="i2" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=invalidfilename/a:b*c%63d.png" data-filename="invalidfilename_a b ccd.png">
+
+<!-- invalid extension for a png image -->
+<img id="i3" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=invalidextension.pang" data-filename="invalidextension.png">
+
+<!-- jpeg extension for a png image -->
+<img id="i4" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=reallyapng.jpeg" data-filename="reallyapng.png">
+
+<!-- txt extension for a png image -->
+<img id="i5" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=nottext.txt" data-filename="nottext.png">
+
+<!-- no extension for a png image -->
+<img id="i6" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=noext" data-filename="noext.png">
+
+<!-- empty extension for a png image -->
+<img id="i7" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=noextdot." data-filename="noextdot.png">
+
+<!-- long filename -->
+<img id="i8" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=averylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilename.png"
+     data-filename="averylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongf.png">
+
+<!-- long filename with invalid extension -->
+<img id="i9" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=bverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilename.exe"
+     data-filename="bverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongf.png">
+
+<!-- long filename with invalid extension -->
+<img id="i10" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=cverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilename.exe.jpg"
+     data-filename="cverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongfilenameverylongf.png">
+
+<!-- jpeg with jpg extension -->
+<img id="i11" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=jpeg&filename=thejpg.jpg" data-filename="thejpg.jpg">
+
+<!-- jpeg with jpeg extension -->
+<img id="i12" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=jpeg&filename=thejpg.jpeg" data-filename="thejpg.jpeg">
+
+<!-- jpeg with invalid extension -->
+<img id="i13" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=jpeg&filename=morejpg.exe" data-filename="morejpg.jpg" data-filename-platformlinux="morejpg.jpeg">
+
+<!-- jpeg with multiple extensions -->
+<img id="i14" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=jpeg&filename=anotherjpg.jpg.exe" data-filename="anotherjpg.jpg.jpg" data-filename-platformlinux="anotherjpg.jpg.jpeg">
+
+<!-- jpeg with no filename portion -->
+<img id="i15" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=jpeg&filename=.jpg"
+     data-filename="jpg.jpg" data-filename-platformlinux="jpg.jpeg">
+
+<!-- png with no filename portion and invalid extension -->
+<img id="i16" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=.exe" data-filename="exe.png">
+
+<!-- png with escaped characters -->
+<img id="i17" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=first%20file.png" data-filename="first file.png">
+
+<!-- png with more escaped characters -->
+<img id="i18" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=second%32file%2Eexe" data-filename="second2file.png">
+
+<!-- unknown type with png extension -->
+<img id="i19" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=nonsense&filename=nonsense1.png"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-unknown="typeonly" data-filename="nonsense1.png">
+
+<!-- unknown type with exe extension -->
+<img id="i20" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=nonsense&filename=nonsense2.exe"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-unknown="typeonly" data-filename="nonsense2.exe">
+
+<!-- unknown type with no extension -->
+<img id="i21" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=nonsense&filename=nonsense3"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-unknown="typeonly" data-filename="nonsense3">
+
+<!-- simple script -->
+<script id="i22" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=js&filename=script1.js" data-filename="script1.js"></script>
+
+<!-- script with invalid extension. -->
+<script id="i23" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=js&filename=script2.exe"
+        data-filename="script2.exe" data-savepagename="script2.exe.js"></script>
+
+<!-- script with escaped characters -->
+<script id="i24" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=js&filename=script%20%33.exe"
+        data-filename="script 3.exe" data-savepagename="script 3.exe.js"></script>
+
+<!-- script with long filename -->
+<script id="i25" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=js&filename=script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789.js"
+        data-filename="script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script123456789script12345.js"></script>
+
+<!-- binary with exe extension -->
+<object id="i26" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=binary&filename=download1.exe"
+        data-unknown="true" data-filename="download1.exe"></object>
+
+<!-- binary with invalid extension -->
+<object id="i27" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=binary&filename=download2.png"
+        data-unknown="true" data-filename="download2.png"></object>
+
+<!-- binary with no extension -->
+<object id="i28" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=binary&filename=downloadnoext"
+        data-unknown="true" data-filename="downloadnoext"></object>
+
+<!-- binary with no other invalid characters -->
+<object id="i29" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=binary&filename=binary^%31%20exe.exe"
+        data-unknown="true" data-filename="binary^1 exe.exe"></object>
+
+<!-- unknown image type with no extension, but ending in png -->
+<img id="i30" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=otherimage&filename=specialpng"
+     data-unknown="typeonly" data-nodrag="true" data-filename="specialpng">
+
+<!-- unknown image type with no extension, but ending in many dots -->
+<img id="i31" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=otherimage&filename=extrapng..."
+     data-unknown="typeonly" data-nodrag="true" data-filename="extrapng">
+
+<!-- image type with no content-disposition filename specified -->
+<img id="i32" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png" data-filename="save_filename.png">
+
+<!-- binary with no content-disposition filename specified -->
+<object id="i33" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=binary"
+        data-unknown="true" data-filename="save_filename.sjs"></object>
+
+<!-- image where url has png extension -->
+<img id="i34" src="http://localhost:8000/getdata.png?type=png&filename=override.png" data-filename="override.png">
+
+<!-- image where url has png extension but content disposition has incorrect extension -->
+<img id="i35" src="http://localhost:8000/getdata.png?type=png&filename=flower.jpeg" data-filename="flower.png">
+
+<!-- image where url has png extension but content disposition does not -->
+<img id="i36" src="http://localhost:8000/getdata.png?type=png&filename=ruby" data-filename="ruby.png">
+
+<!-- image where url has png extension but content disposition has invalid characters -->
+<img id="i37" src="http://localhost:8000/getdata.png?type=png&filename=sapphire/data" data-filename="sapphire_data.png">
+
+<!-- image where neither content disposition or url have an extension -->
+<img id="i38" src="http://localhost:8000/base?type=png&filename=emerald" data-filename="emerald.png">
+
+<!-- image where filename is not specified -->
+<img id="i39" src="http://localhost:8000/base?type=png" data-filename="base.png">
+
+<!-- simple script where url filename has no extension -->
+<script id="i40" src="http://localhost:8000/base?type=js&filename=script4.js" data-filename="script4.js"></script>
+
+<!-- script where url filename has no extension and invalid extension in content disposition filename -->
+<script id="i41" src="http://localhost:8000/base?type=js&filename=script5.exe"
+        data-filename="script5.exe" data-savepagename="script5.exe.js"></script>
+
+<!-- script where url filename has no extension and escaped characters in content disposition filename-->
+<script id="i42" src="http://localhost:8000/base?type=js&filename=script%20%36.exe"
+        data-filename="script 6.exe" data-savepagename="script 6.exe.js"></script>
+
+<!-- text where filename is present -->
+<img id="i43" src="http://localhost:8000/getdata.png?type=text&filename=readme.txt"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="readme.txt">
+
+<!-- text where filename is present with a different extension -->
+<img id="i44" src="http://localhost:8000/getdata.png?type=text&filename=main.cpp"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="main.cpp">
+
+<!-- text where extension is not present -->
+<img id="i45" src="http://localhost:8000/getdata.png?type=text&filename=readme"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="readme">
+
+<!-- text where extension is not present and url does not have extension -->
+<img id="i46" src="http://localhost:8000/base?type=text&filename=info"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="info">
+
+<!-- text where filename is not present -->
+<img id="i47" src="http://localhost:8000/basetext?type=text"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="basetext">
+
+<!-- text where url has extension -->
+<img id="i48" src="http://localhost:8000/text2.txt?type=text"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="text2.txt">
+
+<!-- text where url has extension -->
+<img id="i49" src="http://localhost:8000/text3.gonk?type=text"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="text3.gonk">
+
+<!-- text with long filename -->
+<img id="i50" src="http://localhost:8000/text3.gonk?type=text&filename=text0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789text0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext01234567.exe.txt" data-nodrag="true" data-filename="text0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext0123456789zztext012345.txt">
+
+<!-- webp image -->
+<img id="i51" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=webp&filename=webpimage.webp"
+     data-filename="webpimage.webp">
+
+<!-- webp image with jpg extension -->
+<img id="i52" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=webp&filename=realwebpimage.jpg"
+     data-filename="realwebpimage.webp">
+
+<!-- no content type specified -->
+<img id="i53" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?&filename=notype.png"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="notype.png">
+
+<!-- no content type specified. -->
+<img id="i54" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?&filename=notypebin.exe"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="notypebin.exe">
+
+<!-- extension contains invalid characters -->
+<img id="i55" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=extinvalid.a?*"
+     data-filename="extinvalid.png">
+
+<!-- filename with redirect and content disposition -->
+<img id="i56" src="http://localhost:8000/redir?type=png&filename=red.png" data-filename="red.png">
+
+<!-- filename with redirect and different type -->
+<img id="i57" src="http://localhost:8000/redir?type=jpeg&filename=green.png"
+     data-filename="green.jpg" data-filename-platformlinux="green.jpeg">
+
+<!-- filename with redirect and binary type -->
+<object id="i58" data="http://localhost:8000/redir?type=binary&filename=blue.png"
+        data-unknown="true" data-filename="blue.png"></object>
+
+<!-- filename in url with incorrect extension -->
+<img id="i59" src="http://localhost:8000/aquamarine.jpeg"
+     data-noattach="true" data-filename="aquamarine.png">
+
+<!-- filename in url with exe extension, but returns a png image -->
+<img id="i60" src="http://localhost:8000/lazuli.exe"
+     data-noattach="true" data-filename="lazuli.png">
+
+<!-- filename with leading, trailing and duplicate spaces -->
+<img id="i61" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=  with  spaces.png  "
+     data-filename="with spaces.png">
+
+<!-- filename with leading and trailing periods -->
+<img id="i62" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=..with..dots..png.."
+     data-filename="with..dots..png">
+
+<!-- filename with non-ascii character -->
+<img id="i63" src="http://localhost:8000/base?type=png&filename=s%C3%B6meescapes.%C3%B7ng" data-filename="sömeescapes.png">
+
+<!-- filename with content disposition name assigned. The name is only used
+     when selecting to manually save, otherwise it is ignored.  -->
+<img id="i64" src="http://localhost:8000/save_thename.sjs?type=png&dispname=withname"
+     data-filename="save_thename.png">
+
+<!-- reserved filename on Windows -->
+<img id="i65" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=text&filename=com1"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="com1" data-filename-platformwin="Untitled">
+
+<!-- reserved filename with extension on Windows -->
+<img id="i66" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=text&filename=com2.any"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-filename="com2.any" data-filename-platformwin="Untitled">
+
+<!-- simple zip file -->
+<object id="i67" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=zip&filename=simple.zip" data-filename="simple.zip"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- simple zip file with differing extension -->
+<object id="i68" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=zip&filename=simple.jar" data-filename="simple.jar"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- simple zip file with no extension -->
+<object id="i69" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=zip&filename=simplepack" data-filename="simplepack.zip"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- simple json file -->
+<object id="i70" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=json&filename=simple.json" data-filename="simple.json"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- simple json file with differing extension -->
+<object id="i71" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=json&filename=simple.dat" data-filename="simple.dat"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- compressed file with .gz extension -->
+<img id="i72" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=compressed.png.gz" data-filename="compressed.png.png">
+
+<!-- compressed file with .tar.gz extension -->
+<object id="i73" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=tar&filename=compressed2.tar.gz" data-filename="compressed2.tar.gz"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- compressed file with bittar.gz extension. There is no tar mime info on Windows so the filename is not changed. -->
+<object id="i74" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=tar&filename=compressed3.bittar.gz"
+        data-filename="compressed3.bittar.gz"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- compressed file with .tar.bz2 extension -->
+<object id="i75" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=tar&filename=buzz.tar.bz2" data-filename="buzz.tar.bz2"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- executable with no filename specified and an extension specified within the url -->
+<img id="i76" src="http://localhost:8000/executable.exe?type=nonsense"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-unknown="typeonly" data-filename="executable.exe">
+
+<!-- embedded child html -->
+<object id="i77" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=html&filename=child.par"
+        data-filename="child.par" data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- file starting with a dot with and unknown extension -->
+<img id="i78" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=.extension" data-filename="extension.png">
+
+<!-- html file starting with a dot -->
+<object id="i79" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=html&filename=.alternate"
+        data-filename="alternate.html" data-filename-platformwin="alternate.htm" data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- unrecognized file type starting with a dot -->
+<object id="i80" data="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=otherimage&filename=.alternate" data-filename="alternate"
+        data-unknown="true"></object>
+
+<!-- filename with lnk extension -->
+<img id="i81" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=nonsense&filename=shortcut.lnk"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-unknown="typeonly"
+     data-filename="shortcut.lnk.download">
+
+<!-- long filename with lnk extension -->
+<img id="i82" src="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=nonsense&filename=longshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshort1234567890.lnk"
+     data-nodrag="true" data-unknown="typeonly"
+     data-filename="longshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshortcutnamelongshort1234567890.lnk.download">
+
+</span>
+
+<!-- This set is used to test the filename specified by the download attribute is validated correctly. -->
+<span id="downloads">
+  <a id="download0" href="http://localhost:8000/base" download="pearl.png" data-filename="pearl.png">Link</a>
+  <a id="download1" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png" download="opal.jpeg" data-filename="opal.png">Link</a>
+  <a id="download2" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=jpeg"
+     download="amethyst.png" data-filename="amethyst.jpg"
+     data-filename-platformlinux="amethyst.jpeg">Link</a>
+  <a id="download3" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=text"
+     download="onyx.png" data-filename="onyx.png">Link</a>
+  <!-- The content-disposition overrides the download attribute. -->
+  <a id="download4" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=fakename.jpeg" download="topaz.jpeg" data-filename="fakename.png">Link</a>
+  <a id="download5" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png"
+     download="amber?.png" data-filename="amber .png">Link</a>
+  <a id="download6" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=jpeg"
+     download="jade.:*jpeg" data-filename="jade.jpg"
+     data-filename-platformlinux="jade.jpeg">Link</a>>
+  <a id="download7" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png"
+     download="thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename.png"
+     data-filename="thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisaverylongfilename-thisisavery.png">Link</a>
+  <a id="download8" href="http://localhost:8000/base"
+      download="&Tab;&NewLine;&nbsp;&#11&#x180e;&#x180e;&#12   spa   ced.png &Tab;&NewLine;&nbsp;&#x180e;&#x180e;&#11&#12 "
+      data-filename="spa ced.png">Link</a>
+</span>
+
+<span id="links">
+  <a id="link0" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=one.png" data-filename="one.png">One</a>
+  <a id="link1" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=two.jpeg" data-filename="two.png">Two</a>
+  <a id="link2" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=three.con" data-filename="three.png">Three</a>
+  <a id="link3" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&dispname=four" data-filename="four.png">Four</a>
+  <a id="link4" href="http://localhost:8000/save_filename.sjs?type=png&filename=five.local" data-filename="five.png">Five</a>
+</span>
+
+<!-- The content-disposition attachment generates links from the images/objects/scripts above
+     and inserts them here. -->
+<p id="attachment-links">
+</p>
+
+</body></html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/script_redirect.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/script_redirect.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..31e0dc6a7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/script_redirect.html
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<script>
+  let params = new URL(document.location).searchParams;
+  let uri = params.get("uri");
+  document.location = uri;
+</script>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_invalidCharFileExtension.xhtml b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_invalidCharFileExtension.xhtml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..177af3757f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_invalidCharFileExtension.xhtml
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+<head>
+  <title>Test for Handling of unsafe bidi chars</title>
+  <script src="/tests/SimpleTest/SimpleTest.js"></script>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/tests/SimpleTest/test.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<p id="display"></p>
+<iframe id="test"></iframe>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+var tests = [
+  ["test.png:large", "test.png"],
+  ["test.png/large", "test.png"],
+  [":test.png::large:", "test.png"],
+];
+
+add_task(async function() {
+  function promiseMessage(messageName) {
+    return new Promise(resolve => {
+      chromeScript.addMessageListener(messageName, function listener(data) {
+        chromeScript.removeMessageListener(messageName, listener);
+        resolve(data);
+      });
+    });
+  }
+
+  let url = SimpleTest.getTestFileURL("HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js");
+  let chromeScript = SpecialPowers.loadChromeScript(url);
+
+  function wrongAPICallListener(msg) {
+    ok(
+      false,
+      `Called ${msg} when always ask pref was set to ${
+        Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+          "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types"
+        )
+      }, which shouldn't happen.`
+    );
+  }
+  chromeScript.addMessageListener("wrongAPICall", wrongAPICallListener);
+
+  for (let prefVal of [false, true]) {
+    await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+      set: [["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", prefVal]]
+    });
+    // Run all the tests.
+    for (let [name, expected] of tests) {
+      let promiseName = promiseMessage("suggestedFileName");
+      document.getElementById("test").src =
+        "invalidCharFileExtension.sjs?name=" + encodeURIComponent(name);
+      is((await promiseName), expected, "got the expected sanitized name");
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Clean up.
+  let promise = promiseMessage("unregistered");
+  chromeScript.sendAsyncMessage("unregister");
+  await promise;
+
+  chromeScript.removeMessageListener("wrongAPICall", wrongAPICallListener);
+  chromeScript.destroy();
+});
+</script>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_nullCharFile.xhtml b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_nullCharFile.xhtml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b153395e81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_nullCharFile.xhtml
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+<head>
+  <title>Test for Handling of null char</title>
+  <script src="/tests/SimpleTest/SimpleTest.js"></script>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/tests/SimpleTest/test.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<p id="display"></p>
+<iframe id="test"></iframe>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+var tests = [
+  ["test.html\u0000.png", "test.html_.png"],
+  ["test.html.\u0000png", "test.html._png"],
+];
+
+add_task(async function() {
+  function promiseMessage(messageName) {
+    return new Promise(resolve => {
+      chromeScript.addMessageListener(messageName, function listener(data) {
+        chromeScript.removeMessageListener(messageName, listener);
+        resolve(data);
+      });
+    });
+  }
+
+  let url = SimpleTest.getTestFileURL("HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js");
+  let chromeScript = SpecialPowers.loadChromeScript(url);
+
+  function wrongAPICallListener(msg) {
+    ok(
+      false,
+      `Called ${msg} when always ask pref was set to ${
+        Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+          "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types"
+        )
+      }, which shouldn't happen.`
+    );
+  }
+  chromeScript.addMessageListener("wrongAPICall", wrongAPICallListener);
+
+  for (let prefVal of [false, true]) {
+    info("Pushing pref");
+    await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+      set: [["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", prefVal]]
+    });
+    for (let [name, expected] of tests) {
+      let promiseName = promiseMessage("suggestedFileName");
+      const a = document.createElement('a');
+      // Pass an unknown mimetype so we don't "correct" the extension:
+      a.href = "data:application/baconizer;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAAAAAA6fptVAAAACklEQVQI12NgAAAAAgAB4iG8MwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==";
+      a.download = name;
+      a.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('click'));
+      is((await promiseName), expected, "got the expected sanitized name");
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Clean up.
+  let promise = promiseMessage("unregistered");
+  chromeScript.sendAsyncMessage("unregister");
+  await promise;
+
+  chromeScript.removeMessageListener("wrongAPICall", wrongAPICallListener);
+  chromeScript.destroy();
+});
+</script>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_spammy_page.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_spammy_page.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b1e60a1e8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_spammy_page.html
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<!-- Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+   - http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ -->
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+	<meta charset="utf-8" />
+	<title>...</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+	<p> Hello, it's the spammy page! </p>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+	let count = 0;
+window.onload = window.onclick = function() {
+  if (count < 100) {
+	count++;
+	let l = document.createElement('a');
+	l.href = 'data:text/plain,some text';
+	l.download = 'sometext.pdf';
+
+	document.body.appendChild(l);
+	l.click();
+  }
+}
+</script>
+<a id="image" href="${TEST_ROOT}/file_with@@funny_name.png">Image</a>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_unknown_ext_protocol_handlers.html b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_unknown_ext_protocol_handlers.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f8727db605
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_unknown_ext_protocol_handlers.html
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Test for no error reporting for unknown external protocols</title>
+  <script src="/tests/SimpleTest/SimpleTest.js"></script>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/tests/SimpleTest/test.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<iframe id="testFrame"></iframe>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+
+SimpleTest.waitForExplicitFinish();
+
+window.onload = () => {
+  let testFrame = document.getElementById("testFrame");
+
+  try {
+    testFrame.contentWindow.location.href = "unknownextproto:";
+    ok(true, "There is no error reporting for unknown external protocol navigation.");
+  } catch (e) {
+    ok(false, "There should be no error reporting for unknown external protocol navigation.");
+  }
+
+  SimpleTest.finish();
+};
+</script>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_unsafeBidiChars.xhtml b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_unsafeBidiChars.xhtml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34c6c956fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/test_unsafeBidiChars.xhtml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+<head>
+  <title>Test for Handling of unsafe bidi chars</title>
+  <script src="/tests/SimpleTest/SimpleTest.js"></script>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/tests/SimpleTest/test.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<p id="display"></p>
+<iframe id="test"></iframe>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+var unsafeBidiChars = [
+  "\xe2\x80\xaa", // LRE
+  "\xe2\x80\xab", // RLE
+  "\xe2\x80\xac", // PDF
+  "\xe2\x80\xad", // LRO
+  "\xe2\x80\xae",  // RLO
+];
+
+var tests = [
+  "{1}.test",
+  "{1}File.test",
+  "Fi{1}le.test",
+  "File{1}.test",
+  "File.{1}test",
+  "File.te{1}st",
+  "File.test{1}",
+  "File.{1}",
+];
+
+function replace(name, x) {
+  return name.replace(/\{1\}/, x);
+}
+
+function sanitize(name) {
+  return replace(name, "_");
+}
+
+add_task(async function() {
+  function promiseMessage(messageName) {
+    return new Promise(resolve => {
+      chromeScript.addMessageListener(messageName, function listener(data) {
+        chromeScript.removeMessageListener(messageName, listener);
+        resolve(data);
+      });
+    });
+  }
+
+  let url = SimpleTest.getTestFileURL("HelperAppLauncherDialog_chromeScript.js");
+  let chromeScript = SpecialPowers.loadChromeScript(url);
+
+  function wrongAPICallListener(msg) {
+    ok(
+      false,
+      `Called ${msg} when always ask pref was set to ${
+        Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+          "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types"
+        )
+      }, which shouldn't happen.`
+    );
+  }
+  chromeScript.addMessageListener("wrongAPICall", wrongAPICallListener);
+
+  for (let prefVal of [false, true]) {
+    await SpecialPowers.pushPrefEnv({
+      set: [["browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types", prefVal]]
+    });
+    for (let test of tests) {
+      for (let char of unsafeBidiChars) {
+        let promiseName = promiseMessage("suggestedFileName");
+        let name = replace(test, char);
+        let expected = sanitize(test);
+        document.getElementById("test").src =
+          "unsafeBidiFileName.sjs?name=" + encodeURIComponent(name);
+        is((await promiseName), expected, "got the expected sanitized name");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Clean up.
+  let promise = promiseMessage("unregistered");
+  chromeScript.sendAsyncMessage("unregister");
+  await promise;
+
+  chromeScript.removeMessageListener("wrongAPICall", wrongAPICallListener);
+  chromeScript.destroy();
+});
+</script>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/unsafeBidiFileName.sjs b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/unsafeBidiFileName.sjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f88ff6de2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/mochitest/unsafeBidiFileName.sjs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+function handleRequest(request, response) {
+  response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 200, "OK");
+
+  if (!request.queryString.match(/^name=/)) {
+    return;
+  }
+  var name = decodeURIComponent(request.queryString.substring(5));
+
+  response.setHeader(
+    "Content-Type",
+    'application/octet-stream; name="' + name + '"'
+  );
+  response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", 'inline; filename="' + name + '"');
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/moz.build b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/moz.build
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..691ab2932a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/moz.build
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# -*- Mode: python; indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 40 -*-
+# vim: set filetype=python:
+# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+MOCHITEST_MANIFESTS += ["mochitest/mochitest.ini"]
+
+XPCSHELL_TESTS_MANIFESTS += ["unit/xpcshell.ini"]
+
+BROWSER_CHROME_MANIFESTS += ["mochitest/browser.ini"]
+
+TEST_DIRS += [
+    "gtest",
+]
+
+TESTING_JS_MODULES += [
+    "HandlerServiceTestUtils.sys.mjs",
+]
+
+GeckoSimplePrograms(
+    [
+        "WriteArgument",
+    ],
+    linkage=None,
+)
+
+if CONFIG["COMPILE_ENVIRONMENT"]:
+    TEST_HARNESS_FILES.xpcshell.uriloader.exthandler.tests.unit += [
+        "!WriteArgument%s" % CONFIG["BIN_SUFFIX"]
+    ]
+
+USE_LIBS += [
+    "nspr",
+]
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/handlers.json b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/handlers.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51ce581d83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/handlers.json
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+{
+  "defaultHandlersVersion": {
+    "en-US": 999
+  },
+  "mimeTypes": {
+    "example/type.handleinternally": {
+      "unknownProperty": "preserved",
+      "action": 3,
+      "extensions": ["example_one"]
+    },
+    "example/type.savetodisk": {
+      "action": 0,
+      "ask": true,
+      "handlers": [
+        {
+          "name": "Example Default Handler",
+          "uriTemplate": "https://www.example.com/?url=%s"
+        }
+      ],
+      "extensions": ["example_two", "example_three"]
+    },
+    "example/type.usehelperapp": {
+      "action": 2,
+      "ask": true,
+      "handlers": [
+        {
+          "name": "Example Default Handler",
+          "uriTemplate": "https://www.example.com/?url=%s"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "Example Possible Handler One",
+          "uriTemplate": "http://www.example.com/?id=1&url=%s"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "Example Possible Handler Two",
+          "uriTemplate": "http://www.example.com/?id=2&url=%s"
+        }
+      ],
+      "extensions": ["example_two", "example_three"]
+    },
+    "example/type.usesystemdefault": {
+      "action": 4,
+      "handlers": [
+        null,
+        {
+          "name": "Example Possible Handler",
+          "uriTemplate": "http://www.example.com/?url=%s"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  },
+  "schemes": {
+    "examplescheme.usehelperapp": {
+      "action": 2,
+      "ask": true,
+      "handlers": [
+        {
+          "name": "Example Default Handler",
+          "uriTemplate": "https://www.example.com/?url=%s"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "Example Possible Handler One",
+          "uriTemplate": "http://www.example.com/?id=1&url=%s"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "Example Possible Handler Two",
+          "uriTemplate": "http://www.example.com/?id=2&url=%s"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    "examplescheme.usesystemdefault": {
+      "action": 4,
+      "handlers": [
+        null,
+        {
+          "name": "Example Possible Handler",
+          "uriTemplate": "http://www.example.com/?url=%s"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  },
+  "isDownloadsImprovementsAlreadyMigrated": true
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/head.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/head.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f65582ae9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/head.js
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+/*
+ * Initialization for tests related to invoking external handler applications.
+ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+var { AppConstants } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/AppConstants.sys.mjs"
+);
+var { FileUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/FileUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+var { NetUtil } = ChromeUtils.import("resource://gre/modules/NetUtil.jsm");
+var { XPCOMUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/XPCOMUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+const { HandlerServiceTestUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/HandlerServiceTestUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+var { TestUtils } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://testing-common/TestUtils.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  this,
+  "gHandlerService",
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1",
+  "nsIHandlerService"
+);
+
+do_get_profile();
+
+let jsonPath = PathUtils.join(PathUtils.profileDir, "handlers.json");
+
+/**
+ * Unloads the nsIHandlerService data store, so the back-end file can be
+ * accessed or modified, and the new data will be loaded at the next access.
+ */
+let unloadHandlerStore = async function () {
+  // If this function is called before the nsIHandlerService instance has been
+  // initialized for the first time, the observer below will not be registered.
+  // We have to force initialization to prevent the function from stalling.
+  gHandlerService;
+
+  let promise = TestUtils.topicObserved("handlersvc-json-replace-complete");
+  Services.obs.notifyObservers(null, "handlersvc-json-replace");
+  await promise;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Unloads the data store and deletes it.
+ */
+let deleteHandlerStore = async function () {
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+  await IOUtils.remove(jsonPath, { ignoreAbsent: true });
+
+  Services.prefs.clearUserPref("gecko.handlerService.defaultHandlersVersion");
+};
+
+/**
+ * Unloads the data store and replaces it with the test data file.
+ */
+let copyTestDataToHandlerStore = async function () {
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+  await IOUtils.copy(do_get_file("handlers.json").path, jsonPath);
+
+  Services.prefs.setIntPref("gecko.handlerService.defaultHandlersVersion", 100);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Ensures the files are removed and the services unloaded when the tests end.
+ */
+registerCleanupFunction(async function test_terminate() {
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/mailcap b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/mailcap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc93ef8042
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/mailcap
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+text/plain; cat '%s'; needsterminal
+text/plain; sed '%s'
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_badMIMEType.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_badMIMEType.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49c5e8d848
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_badMIMEType.js
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/* -*- indent-tabs-mode: nil; js-indent-level: 2 -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+function run_test() {
+  // "text/plain" has an 0xFF character appended to it.  This means it's an
+  // invalid string, which is tricky to enter using a text editor (I used
+  // emacs' hexl-mode).  It also means an ordinary text editor might drop it
+  // or convert it to something that *is* valid (in UTF8).  So we measure
+  // its length to make sure this hasn't happened.
+  var badMimeType = "text/plainÿ";
+  Assert.equal(badMimeType.length, 11);
+  try {
+    Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"]
+      .getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService)
+      .getFromTypeAndExtension(badMimeType, "txt");
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (
+      !(e instanceof Ci.nsIException) ||
+      e.result != Cr.NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE
+    ) {
+      throw e;
+    }
+    // This is an expected exception, thrown if the type can't be determined
+  }
+  // Not crashing is good enough
+  Assert.equal(true, true);
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_defaults_handlerService.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_defaults_handlerService.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47fd18a642
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_defaults_handlerService.js
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  this,
+  "gExternalProtocolService",
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1",
+  "nsIExternalProtocolService"
+);
+ChromeUtils.defineESModuleGetters(this, {
+  kHandlerList: "resource://gre/modules/handlers/HandlerList.sys.mjs",
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_check_defaults_get_added() {
+  let protocols = Object.keys(kHandlerList.default.schemes);
+  for (let protocol of protocols) {
+    let protocolHandlerCount =
+      kHandlerList.default.schemes[protocol].handlers.length;
+    Assert.ok(
+      gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data.schemes[protocol].stubEntry,
+      `Expect stub for ${protocol}`
+    );
+    let info = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo(protocol, {});
+    Assert.ok(
+      info,
+      `Should be able to get protocol handler info for ${protocol}`
+    );
+    let handlers = Array.from(
+      info.possibleApplicationHandlers.enumerate(Ci.nsIHandlerApp)
+    );
+    handlers = handlers.filter(h => h instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+    Assert.equal(
+      handlers.length,
+      protocolHandlerCount,
+      `Default web handlers for ${protocol} should match`
+    );
+    let { alwaysAskBeforeHandling, preferredAction } = info;
+    // Actually store something, pretending there was a change:
+    let infoToWrite = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo(
+      protocol,
+      {}
+    );
+    gHandlerService.store(infoToWrite);
+    ok(
+      !gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data.schemes[protocol].stubEntry,
+      "Expect stub entry info to go away"
+    );
+
+    let newInfo = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo(protocol, {});
+    Assert.equal(
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+      newInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+      protocol + " - always ask shouldn't change"
+    );
+    Assert.equal(
+      preferredAction,
+      newInfo.preferredAction,
+      protocol + " - preferred action shouldn't change"
+    );
+    await deleteHandlerStore();
+  }
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_check_default_modification() {
+  Assert.ok(
+    true,
+    JSON.stringify(gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data.schemes.mailto)
+  );
+  Assert.ok(
+    gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data.schemes.mailto.stubEntry,
+    "Expect stub for mailto"
+  );
+  let mailInfo = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto", {});
+  mailInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  mailInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault;
+  gHandlerService.store(mailInfo);
+  Assert.ok(
+    !gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data.schemes.mailto.stubEntry,
+    "Stub entry should be removed immediately."
+  );
+  let newMail = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto", {});
+  Assert.equal(newMail.preferredAction, Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault);
+  Assert.equal(newMail.alwaysAskBeforeHandling, false);
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+});
+
+add_task(async function test_migrations() {
+  const kTestData = [
+    ["A", "http://compose.mail.yahoo.co.jp/ym/Compose?To=%s"],
+    ["B", "http://www.inbox.lv/rfc2368/?value=%s"],
+    ["C", "http://poczta.interia.pl/mh/?mailto=%s"],
+    ["D", "http://win.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?mailto=%s"],
+  ];
+  // Set up the test handlers. This doesn't use prefs like the previous test,
+  // because we now refuse to import insecure handler prefs. They can only
+  // exist if they were added into the handler store before this restriction
+  // was created (bug 1526890).
+  gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._injectDefaultProtocolHandlers();
+  let handler = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto");
+  while (handler.possibleApplicationHandlers.length) {
+    handler.possibleApplicationHandlers.removeElementAt(0);
+  }
+  for (let [name, uriTemplate] of kTestData) {
+    let app = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1"].createInstance(
+      Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp
+    );
+    app.uriTemplate = uriTemplate;
+    app.name = name;
+    handler.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(app);
+  }
+  gHandlerService.store(handler);
+
+  // Now migrate them:
+  Services.prefs.setCharPref("browser.handlers.migrations", "blah,secure-mail");
+  gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._migrateProtocolHandlersIfNeeded();
+
+  // Now check the result:
+  handler = gExternalProtocolService.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto");
+
+  let expectedURIs = new Set([
+    "https://mail.yahoo.co.jp/compose/?To=%s",
+    "https://mail.inbox.lv/compose?to=%s",
+    "https://poczta.interia.pl/mh/?mailto=%s",
+    "https://e.mail.ru/cgi-bin/sentmsg?mailto=%s",
+  ]);
+
+  let possibleApplicationHandlers = Array.from(
+    handler.possibleApplicationHandlers.enumerate(Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp)
+  );
+  // Set iterators are stable to deletion, so this works:
+  for (let expected of expectedURIs) {
+    for (let app of possibleApplicationHandlers) {
+      if (app instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp && app.uriTemplate == expected) {
+        Assert.ok(true, "Found handler with URI " + expected);
+        // ... even when we remove items.
+        expectedURIs.delete(expected);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  Assert.equal(expectedURIs.size, 0, "Should have seen all the expected URIs.");
+
+  for (let app of possibleApplicationHandlers) {
+    if (app instanceof Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp) {
+      Assert.ok(
+        !kTestData.some(n => n[1] == app.uriTemplate),
+        "Should not be any of the original handlers"
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  Assert.ok(
+    !handler.preferredApplicationHandler,
+    "Shouldn't have preferred handler initially."
+  );
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_downloads_improvements_migration.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_downloads_improvements_migration.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49e4493b23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_downloads_improvements_migration.js
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+const handlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+  Ci.nsIHandlerService
+);
+
+const mimeSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+
+const { Integration } = ChromeUtils.importESModule(
+  "resource://gre/modules/Integration.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+/* global DownloadIntegration */
+Integration.downloads.defineESModuleGetter(
+  this,
+  "DownloadIntegration",
+  "resource://gre/modules/DownloadIntegration.sys.mjs"
+);
+
+/**
+ * Tests that the migration runs and that only
+ * files with preferredAction alwaysAsk are updated.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_migration() {
+  // Create mock implementation of shouldDownloadInternally for test case
+  let oldShouldViewDownloadInternally =
+    DownloadIntegration.shouldViewDownloadInternally;
+  DownloadIntegration.shouldViewDownloadInternally = (mimeType, extension) => {
+    let downloadTypesViewableInternally = [
+      {
+        extension: "pdf",
+        mimeTypes: ["application/pdf"],
+      },
+      {
+        extension: "webp",
+        mimeTypes: ["image/webp"],
+      },
+    ];
+
+    for (const mockHandler of downloadTypesViewableInternally) {
+      if (mockHandler.mimeTypes.includes(mimeType)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  };
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(async function () {
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref(
+      "browser.download.improvements_to_download_panel"
+    );
+    DownloadIntegration.shouldViewDownloadInternally =
+      oldShouldViewDownloadInternally;
+  });
+
+  // For setup, set pref to false. Will be enabled later.
+  Services.prefs.setBoolPref(
+    "browser.download.improvements_to_download_panel",
+    false
+  );
+
+  // Plain text file
+  let txtHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", "txt");
+  txtHandlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk;
+  txtHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  // PDF file
+  let pdfHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "application/pdf",
+    "pdf"
+  );
+  pdfHandlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk;
+  pdfHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  // WebP file
+  let webpHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("image/webp", "webp");
+  webpHandlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault;
+  webpHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+
+  handlerSvc.store(txtHandlerInfo);
+  handlerSvc.store(pdfHandlerInfo);
+  handlerSvc.store(webpHandlerInfo);
+
+  Services.prefs.setBoolPref(
+    "browser.download.improvements_to_download_panel",
+    true
+  );
+  gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._migrateDownloadsImprovementsIfNeeded();
+
+  txtHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", "txt");
+  pdfHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("application/pdf", "pdf");
+  webpHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("image/webp", "webp");
+  let data = gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data;
+  Assert.equal(
+    data.isDownloadsImprovementsAlreadyMigrated,
+    true,
+    "isDownloadsImprovementsAlreadyMigrated should be set to true"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    pdfHandlerInfo.preferredAction,
+    Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally,
+    "application/pdf - preferredAction should be handleInternally"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    pdfHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    false,
+    "application/pdf - alwaysAskBeforeHandling should be false"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    webpHandlerInfo.preferredAction,
+    Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault,
+    "image/webp - preferredAction should be useSystemDefault"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    webpHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    false,
+    "image/webp - alwaysAskBeforeHandling should be false"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    txtHandlerInfo.preferredAction,
+    Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    "text/plain - preferredAction should be saveToDisk"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    txtHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    false,
+    "text/plain - alwaysAskBeforeHandling should be false"
+  );
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that the migration does not run if the migration was already run.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_migration_already_run() {
+  let data = gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data;
+  data.isDownloadsImprovementsAlreadyMigrated = true;
+
+  // Plain text file
+  let txtHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", "txt");
+  txtHandlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk;
+  txtHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  // PDF file
+  let pdfHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "application/pdf",
+    "pdf"
+  );
+  pdfHandlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk;
+  pdfHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+
+  handlerSvc.store(txtHandlerInfo);
+  handlerSvc.store(pdfHandlerInfo);
+
+  gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._migrateDownloadsImprovementsIfNeeded();
+
+  txtHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", "txt");
+  pdfHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("application/pdf", "pdf");
+  data = gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data;
+  Assert.equal(
+    pdfHandlerInfo.preferredAction,
+    Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk,
+    "application/pdf - preferredAction should be alwaysAsk"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    pdfHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    true,
+    "application/pdf - alwaysAskBeforeHandling should be true"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    txtHandlerInfo.preferredAction,
+    Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk,
+    "text/plain - preferredAction should be alwaysAsk"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    txtHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    true,
+    "text/plain - alwaysAskBeforeHandling should be true"
+  );
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test migration of SVG and XML info.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_migration_xml_svg() {
+  let data = gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data;
+  // Plain text file
+  let txtHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", "txt");
+  txtHandlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk;
+  txtHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  // SVG file
+  let svgHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("image/svg+xml", "svg");
+  svgHandlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally;
+  svgHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  // XML file
+  let xmlHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/xml", "xml");
+  xmlHandlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally;
+  xmlHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+
+  handlerSvc.store(txtHandlerInfo);
+  handlerSvc.store(svgHandlerInfo);
+  handlerSvc.store(xmlHandlerInfo);
+
+  gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._migrateSVGXMLIfNeeded();
+
+  txtHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", "txt");
+  svgHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("image/svg+xml", "svg");
+  xmlHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/xml", "xml");
+  data = gHandlerService.wrappedJSObject._store.data;
+  Assert.equal(
+    svgHandlerInfo.preferredAction,
+    Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    "image/svg+xml - preferredAction should be saveToDisk"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    svgHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    false,
+    "image/svg+xml - alwaysAskBeforeHandling should be false"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    xmlHandlerInfo.preferredAction,
+    Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    "text/xml - preferredAction should be saveToDisk"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    xmlHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    false,
+    "text/xml - alwaysAskBeforeHandling should be false"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    txtHandlerInfo.preferredAction,
+    Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk,
+    "text/plain - preferredAction should be alwaysAsk"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    txtHandlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    true,
+    "text/plain - alwaysAskBeforeHandling should be true"
+  );
+
+  ok(
+    data.isSVGXMLAlreadyMigrated,
+    "Should have stored migration state on the data object."
+  );
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_filename_sanitize.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_filename_sanitize.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8ab12c266
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_filename_sanitize.js
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+// This test verifies that
+// nsIMIMEService.validateFileNameForSaving sanitizes filenames
+// properly with different flags.
+
+"use strict";
+
+add_task(async function validate_filename_method() {
+  let mimeService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+
+  function checkFilename(filename, flags, mime = "image/png") {
+    return mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(filename, mime, flags);
+  }
+
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("basicfile.png", 0), "basicfile.png");
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("  whitespace.png  ", 0), "whitespace.png");
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(" .whitespaceanddots.png...", 0),
+    "whitespaceanddots.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("  \u00a0 \u00a0 extrawhitespace.png  \u00a0 \u00a0 ", 0),
+    "extrawhitespace.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("  filename  with  whitespace.png  ", 0),
+    "filename with whitespace.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("\\path.png", 0), "_path.png");
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("\\path*and/$?~file.png", 0),
+    "_path and_$ ~file.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(" \u180e whit\u180ee.png \u180e", 0),
+    "whit\u180ee.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("簡単簡単簡単", 0), "簡単簡単簡単.png");
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename(" happy\u061c\u2069.png", 0), "happy__.png");
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("12345678".repeat(31) + "abcdefgh.png", 0),
+    "12345678".repeat(31) + "ab.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("簡単".repeat(41) + ".png", 0),
+    "簡単".repeat(41) + ".png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("a" + "簡単".repeat(42) + ".png", 0),
+    "a" + "簡単".repeat(40) + "簡.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("a" + "簡単".repeat(56) + ".png", 0),
+    "a" + "簡単".repeat(40) + ".png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("café.png", 0), "café.png");
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("café".repeat(50) + ".png", 0),
+    "café".repeat(50) + ".png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("café".repeat(51) + ".png", 0),
+    "café".repeat(49) + "caf.png"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("\u{100001}\u{100002}.png", 0),
+    "\u{100001}\u{100002}.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("\u{100001}\u{100002}".repeat(31) + ".png", 0),
+    "\u{100001}\u{100002}".repeat(31) + ".png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("\u{100001}\u{100002}".repeat(32) + ".png", 0),
+    "\u{100001}\u{100002}".repeat(30) + "\u{100001}.png"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("noextensionfile".repeat(16), 0),
+    "noextensionfile".repeat(16) + ".png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("noextensionfile".repeat(17), 0),
+    "noextensionfile".repeat(16) + "noextensio.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("noextensionfile".repeat(16) + "noextensionfil.", 0),
+    "noextensionfile".repeat(16) + "noextensio.png"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("  first  .png  ", 0), "first .png");
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(
+      "  second  .png  ",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_DONT_COLLAPSE_WHITESPACE
+    ),
+    "second  .png"
+  );
+
+  // For whatever reason, the Android mime handler accepts the .jpeg
+  // extension for image/png, so skip this test there.
+  if (AppConstants.platform != "android") {
+    Assert.equal(checkFilename("thi/*rd.jpeg", 0), "thi_ rd.png");
+  }
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("f*\\ourth  file.jpg", mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY),
+    "f _ourth file.jpg"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(
+      "f*\\ift  h.jpe*\\g",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY |
+        mimeService.VALIDATE_DONT_COLLAPSE_WHITESPACE
+    ),
+    "f _ift  h.jpe _g"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("sixth.j  pe/*g", 0), "sixth.png");
+
+  let repeatStr = "12345678".repeat(31);
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(
+      repeatStr + "seventh.png",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_DONT_TRUNCATE
+    ),
+    repeatStr + "seventh.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(repeatStr + "seventh.png", 0),
+    repeatStr + "se.png"
+  );
+
+  // no filename, so index is used by default.
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename(".png", 0), "png.png");
+
+  // sanitization only, so Untitled is not added, but initial period is stripped.
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(".png", mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY),
+    "png"
+  );
+
+  // correct .png extension is applied.
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename(".butterpecan.icecream", 0), "butterpecan.png");
+
+  // sanitization only, so extension is not modified, but initial period is stripped.
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(".butterpecan.icecream", mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY),
+    "butterpecan.icecream"
+  );
+
+  let ext = ".fairlyLongExtension";
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(repeatStr + ext, mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY),
+    repeatStr.substring(0, 254 - ext.length) + ext
+  );
+
+  ext = "lo%?n/ginvalid? ch\\ars";
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(repeatStr + ext, mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY),
+    repeatStr + "lo% n_"
+  );
+
+  ext = ".long/invalid%? ch\\ars";
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename(repeatStr + ext, mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY),
+    repeatStr.substring(0, 233) + ".long_invalid% ch_ars"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("test_ﾃｽﾄ_T\x83E\\S\x83T.png", 0),
+    "test_ﾃｽﾄ_T E_S T.png"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    checkFilename("test_ﾃｽﾄ_T\x83E\\S\x83T.pﾃ\x83ng", 0),
+    "test_ﾃｽﾄ_T E_S T.png"
+  );
+
+  // Check we don't invalidate surrogate pairs when trimming.
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("test😀", 0, ""), "test😀");
+  Assert.equal(checkFilename("test😀😀", 0, ""), "test😀😀");
+
+  // Now check some media types
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("video.ogg", "video/ogg", 0),
+    "video.ogg",
+    "video.ogg"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("video.ogv", "video/ogg", 0),
+    "video.ogv",
+    "video.ogv"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("video.ogt", "video/ogg", 0),
+    "video.ogv",
+    "video.ogt"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("audio.mp3", "audio/mpeg", 0),
+    "audio.mp3",
+    "audio.mp3"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("audio.mpega", "audio/mpeg", 0),
+    "audio.mpega",
+    "audio.mpega"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("audio.mp2", "audio/mpeg", 0),
+    "audio.mp2",
+    "audio.mp2"
+  );
+
+  let expected = "audio.mp3";
+  if (AppConstants.platform == "linux") {
+    expected = "audio.mpga";
+  } else if (AppConstants.platform == "android") {
+    expected = "audio.mp4";
+  }
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("audio.mp4", "audio/mpeg", 0),
+    expected,
+    "audio.mp4"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("sound.m4a", "audio/mp4", 0),
+    "sound.m4a",
+    "sound.m4a"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("sound.m4b", "audio/mp4", 0),
+    AppConstants.platform == "android" ? "sound.m4a" : "sound.m4b",
+    "sound.m4b"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("sound.m4c", "audio/mp4", 0),
+    AppConstants.platform == "macosx" ? "sound.mp4" : "sound.m4a",
+    "sound.mpc"
+  );
+
+  // This has a long filename with a 13 character extension. The end of the filename should be
+  // cropped to fit into 255 bytes.
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "라이브9.9만 시청컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장24%102 000원 브랜드데이 앵콜 🎁 1.등 유산균 컬처렐 특가!",
+      "text/unknown",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY
+    ),
+    "라이브9.9만 시청컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 .등 유산균 컬처렐 특가!",
+    "very long filename with extension"
+  );
+
+  // This filename has a very long extension, almost the entire filename.
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "라이브9.9만 시청컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장24%102 000원 브랜드데이 앵콜 🎁 1등 유산균 컬처렐 특가!",
+      "text/unknown",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY
+    ),
+    "라이브9",
+    "another very long filename with long extension"
+  );
+
+  // This filename is cropped at 254 bytes.
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      ".라이브99만 시청컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장24%102 000원 브랜드데이 앵콜 🎁 1등 유산균 컬처렐 특가!",
+      "text/unknown",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY
+    ),
+    "라이브99만 시청컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장컬처렐 다이제스티브 3박스 - 3박스 더 (뚱랑이 굿즈 증정) - 선물용 쇼핑백 2장24%102 000원 브랜드데",
+    "very filename with extension only"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("filename.LNK", "text/unknown", 0),
+    "filename.LNK.download",
+    "filename.LNK"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("filename.local", "text/unknown", 0),
+    "filename.local.download",
+    "filename.local"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("filename.url", "text/unknown", 0),
+    "filename.url.download",
+    "filename.url"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("filename.URl", "text/unknown", 0),
+    "filename.URl.download",
+    "filename.URl"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("filename.scf", "text/unknown", 0),
+    "filename.scf.download",
+    "filename.scf"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("filename.sCF", "text/unknown", 0),
+    "filename.sCF.download",
+    "filename.sCF"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving("filename.lnk\n", "text/unknown", 0),
+    "filename.lnk.download",
+    "filename.lnk with newline"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "filename.lnk\n  ",
+      "text/unknown",
+      0
+    ),
+    "filename.lnk.download",
+    "filename.lnk with newline"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "filename.\n\t  lnk",
+      "text/unknown",
+      0
+    ),
+    "filename. lnk",
+    "filename.lnk with space and newline"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "filename.local\u180e\u180e\u180e",
+      "text/unknown",
+      0
+    ),
+    "filename.local.download",
+    "filename.lnk with vowel separators"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "filename.LNK",
+      "text/unknown",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY
+    ),
+    "filename.LNK.download",
+    "filename.LNK sanitize only"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "filename.LNK\n",
+      "text/unknown",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_ALLOW_INVALID_FILENAMES
+    ),
+    "filename.LNK",
+    "filename.LNK allow invalid"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "filename.URL\n",
+      "text/unknown",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY |
+        mimeService.VALIDATE_ALLOW_INVALID_FILENAMES
+    ),
+    "filename.URL",
+    "filename.URL allow invalid, sanitize only"
+  );
+
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "filename.desktop",
+      "text/unknown",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY
+    ),
+    "filename.desktop.download",
+    "filename.desktop sanitize only"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeService.validateFileNameForSaving(
+      "filename.DESKTOP\n",
+      "text/unknown",
+      mimeService.VALIDATE_SANITIZE_ONLY |
+        mimeService.VALIDATE_ALLOW_INVALID_FILENAMES
+    ),
+    "filename.DESKTOP",
+    "filename.DESKTOP allow invalid, sanitize only"
+  );
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getFromTypeAndExtension.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getFromTypeAndExtension.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f4fe52a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getFromTypeAndExtension.js
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+add_task(async function test_utf8_extension() {
+  const mimeService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+  let someMIME = mimeService.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "application/x-nonsense",
+    ".тест"
+  );
+  Assert.stringContains(someMIME.description, "тест");
+  // primary extension isn't set on macOS or android, see bug 1721181
+  if (AppConstants.platform != "macosx" && AppConstants.platform != "android") {
+    Assert.equal(someMIME.primaryExtension, ".тест");
+  }
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getMIMEInfo_pdf.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getMIMEInfo_pdf.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03b0cea25e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getMIMEInfo_pdf.js
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+XPCOMUtils.defineLazyServiceGetter(
+  this,
+  "gMIMEService",
+  "@mozilla.org/mime;1",
+  "nsIMIMEService"
+);
+
+// PDF files should always have a generic description instead
+// of relying on what is registered with the Operating System.
+add_task(async function test_check_unknown_mime_type() {
+  const mimeService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+  let pdfType = mimeService.getTypeFromExtension("pdf");
+  Assert.equal(pdfType, "application/pdf");
+  let extension = mimeService.getPrimaryExtension("application/pdf", "");
+  Assert.equal(extension, "pdf", "Expect pdf extension when given mime");
+  let mimeInfo = gMIMEService.getFromTypeAndExtension("", "pdf");
+  let stringBundle = Services.strings.createBundle(
+    "chrome://mozapps/locale/downloads/unknownContentType.properties"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    mimeInfo.description,
+    stringBundle.GetStringFromName("pdfExtHandlerDescription"),
+    "PDF has generic description"
+  );
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getMIMEInfo_unknown_mime_type.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getMIMEInfo_unknown_mime_type.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9beef9d9c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getMIMEInfo_unknown_mime_type.js
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+// Zip files can be opened by Windows explorer, so we should always be able to
+// determine a description and default handler for them. However, things can
+// get messy if they are sent to us with a mime type other than what Windows
+// considers the "right" mimetype (application/x-zip-compressed), like
+// application/zip, which is what most places (IANA, macOS, probably all linux
+// distros, Apache, etc.) think is the "right" mimetype.
+add_task(async function test_check_unknown_mime_type() {
+  const mimeService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+  let zipType = mimeService.getTypeFromExtension("zip");
+  Assert.equal(zipType, "application/x-zip-compressed");
+  try {
+    let extension = mimeService.getPrimaryExtension("application/zip", "");
+    Assert.equal(
+      extension,
+      "zip",
+      "Expect our own info to provide an extension for zip files."
+    );
+  } catch (ex) {
+    Assert.ok(false, "We shouldn't throw when getting zip info.");
+  }
+  let found = {};
+  let mimeInfo = mimeService.getMIMEInfoFromOS("application/zip", "zip", found);
+  Assert.ok(
+    mimeInfo.hasDefaultHandler,
+    "Should have a default app for zip files"
+  );
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getTypeFromExtension_ext_to_type_mapping.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getTypeFromExtension_ext_to_type_mapping.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7202db58de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getTypeFromExtension_ext_to_type_mapping.js
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/* -*- indent-tabs-mode: nil; js-indent-level: 2 -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+/**
+ * Test for bug 508030 <https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=508030>:
+ * nsIMIMEService.getTypeFromExtension fails to find a match in the
+ * "ext-to-type-mapping" category if the provided extension is not lowercase.
+ */
+function run_test() {
+  // --- Common services ---
+
+  const mimeService = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+
+  const categoryManager = Services.catMan;
+
+  // --- Test procedure ---
+
+  const kTestExtension = "testextension";
+  const kTestExtensionMixedCase = "testExtensIon";
+  const kTestMimeType = "application/x-testextension";
+
+  // Ensure that the test extension is not initially recognized by the operating
+  // system or the "ext-to-type-mapping" category.
+  try {
+    // Try and get the MIME type associated with the extension.
+    mimeService.getTypeFromExtension(kTestExtension);
+    // The line above should have thrown an exception.
+    do_throw("nsIMIMEService.getTypeFromExtension succeeded unexpectedly");
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (
+      !(e instanceof Ci.nsIException) ||
+      e.result != Cr.NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE
+    ) {
+      throw e;
+    }
+    // This is an expected exception, thrown if the type can't be determined.
+    // Any other exception would cause the test to fail.
+  }
+
+  // Add a temporary category entry mapping the extension to the MIME type.
+  categoryManager.addCategoryEntry(
+    "ext-to-type-mapping",
+    kTestExtension,
+    kTestMimeType,
+    false,
+    true
+  );
+
+  // Check that the mapping is recognized in the simple case.
+  var type = mimeService.getTypeFromExtension(kTestExtension);
+  Assert.equal(type, kTestMimeType);
+
+  // Check that the mapping is recognized even if the extension has mixed case.
+  type = mimeService.getTypeFromExtension(kTestExtensionMixedCase);
+  Assert.equal(type, kTestMimeType);
+
+  // Clean up after ourselves.
+  categoryManager.deleteCategoryEntry(
+    "ext-to-type-mapping",
+    kTestExtension,
+    false
+  );
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getTypeFromExtension_with_empty_Content_Type.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getTypeFromExtension_with_empty_Content_Type.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5076a57738
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_getTypeFromExtension_with_empty_Content_Type.js
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/* -*- indent-tabs-mode: nil; js-indent-level: 2 -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+/**
+ * Test for bug 484579 <https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=484579>:
+ * nsIMIMEService.getTypeFromExtension may fail unexpectedly on Windows when
+ * "Content Type" is empty in the registry.
+ */
+
+// We must use a file extension that isn't listed in nsExternalHelperAppService's
+// defaultMimeEntries, otherwise the code takes a shortcut skipping the registry.
+const FILE_EXTENSION = ".nfo";
+// This is used to ensure the test properly used the mock, so that if we change
+// the underlying code, it won't be skipped.
+let gTestUsedOurMock = false;
+
+function run_test() {
+  // Activate the override of the file association data in the registry.
+  registerMockWindowsRegKeyFactory();
+
+  // Check the mock has been properly activated.
+  let regKey = Cc["@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1"].createInstance(
+    Ci.nsIWindowsRegKey
+  );
+  regKey.open(
+    Ci.nsIWindowsRegKey.ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+    FILE_EXTENSION,
+    Ci.nsIWindowsRegKey.ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    regKey.readStringValue("content type"),
+    "",
+    "Check the mock replied as expected."
+  );
+  Assert.ok(gTestUsedOurMock, "The test properly used the mock registry");
+  // Reset gTestUsedOurMock, because we just used it.
+  gTestUsedOurMock = false;
+  // Try and get the MIME type associated with the extension. If this
+  // operation does not throw an unexpected exception, the test succeeds.
+  Assert.throws(
+    () => {
+      Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"]
+        .getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService)
+        .getTypeFromExtension(FILE_EXTENSION);
+    },
+    /NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE/,
+    "Should throw a NOT_AVAILABLE exception"
+  );
+
+  Assert.ok(gTestUsedOurMock, "The test properly used the mock registry");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Constructs a new mock registry key by wrapping the provided object.
+ *
+ * This mock implementation is tailored for this test, and forces consumers
+ * of the readStringValue method to believe that the "Content Type" value of
+ * the FILE_EXTENSION key under HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT is an empty string.
+ *
+ * The same value read from "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes" is not
+ * affected.
+ *
+ * @param aWrappedObject   An actual nsIWindowsRegKey implementation.
+ */
+function MockWindowsRegKey(aWrappedObject) {
+  this._wrappedObject = aWrappedObject;
+
+  // This function creates a forwarding function for wrappedObject
+  function makeForwardingFunction(functionName) {
+    return function () {
+      return aWrappedObject[functionName].apply(aWrappedObject, arguments);
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Forward all the functions that are not explicitly overridden
+  for (var propertyName in aWrappedObject) {
+    if (!(propertyName in this)) {
+      if (typeof aWrappedObject[propertyName] == "function") {
+        this[propertyName] = makeForwardingFunction(propertyName);
+      } else {
+        this[propertyName] = aWrappedObject[propertyName];
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+MockWindowsRegKey.prototype = {
+  // --- Overridden nsISupports interface functions ---
+
+  QueryInterface: ChromeUtils.generateQI(["nsIWindowsRegKey"]),
+
+  // --- Overridden nsIWindowsRegKey interface functions ---
+
+  open(aRootKey, aRelPath, aMode) {
+    // Remember the provided root key and path
+    this._rootKey = aRootKey;
+    this._relPath = aRelPath;
+
+    // Create the actual registry key
+    return this._wrappedObject.open(aRootKey, aRelPath, aMode);
+  },
+
+  openChild(aRelPath, aMode) {
+    // Open the child key and wrap it
+    var innerKey = this._wrappedObject.openChild(aRelPath, aMode);
+    var key = new MockWindowsRegKey(innerKey);
+
+    // Set the properties of the child key and return it
+    key._rootKey = this._rootKey;
+    key._relPath = this._relPath + aRelPath;
+    return key;
+  },
+
+  createChild(aRelPath, aMode) {
+    // Create the child key and wrap it
+    var innerKey = this._wrappedObject.createChild(aRelPath, aMode);
+    var key = new MockWindowsRegKey(innerKey);
+
+    // Set the properties of the child key and return it
+    key._rootKey = this._rootKey;
+    key._relPath = this._relPath + aRelPath;
+    return key;
+  },
+
+  get childCount() {
+    return this._wrappedObject.childCount;
+  },
+
+  get valueCount() {
+    return this._wrappedObject.valueCount;
+  },
+
+  readStringValue(aName) {
+    // If this is the key under test, return a fake value
+    if (
+      this._rootKey == Ci.nsIWindowsRegKey.ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT &&
+      this._relPath.toLowerCase() == FILE_EXTENSION &&
+      aName.toLowerCase() == "content type"
+    ) {
+      gTestUsedOurMock = true;
+      return "";
+    }
+    // Return the real value from the registry
+    return this._wrappedObject.readStringValue(aName);
+  },
+};
+
+function registerMockWindowsRegKeyFactory() {
+  const kMockCID = Components.ID("{9b23dfe9-296b-4740-ba1c-d39c9a16e55e}");
+  const kWindowsRegKeyContractID = "@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1";
+  // Preserve the original CID.
+  let originalWindowsRegKeyCID = Cc[kWindowsRegKeyContractID].number;
+
+  // See bug 1694345 - nsNotifyAddrListener::CheckAdaptersAddresses might
+  // attempt to use the registry off the main thread, so we disable that
+  // feature while the mock registry is active.
+  let oldSuffixListPref = Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+    "network.notify.dnsSuffixList"
+  );
+  Services.prefs.setBoolPref("network.notify.dnsSuffixList", false);
+
+  let oldCheckForProxiesPref = Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+    "network.notify.checkForProxies"
+  );
+  Services.prefs.setBoolPref("network.notify.checkForProxies", false);
+
+  let oldCheckForNRPTPref = Services.prefs.getBoolPref(
+    "network.notify.checkForNRPT"
+  );
+  Services.prefs.setBoolPref("network.notify.checkForNRPT", false);
+
+  info("Create a mock RegKey factory");
+  let originalRegKey = Cc["@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1"].createInstance(
+    Ci.nsIWindowsRegKey
+  );
+  let mockWindowsRegKeyFactory = {
+    createInstance(iid) {
+      info("Create a mock wrapper around RegKey");
+      var key = new MockWindowsRegKey(originalRegKey);
+      return key.QueryInterface(iid);
+    },
+  };
+  info("Register the mock RegKey factory");
+  let registrar = Components.manager.QueryInterface(Ci.nsIComponentRegistrar);
+  registrar.registerFactory(
+    kMockCID,
+    "Mock Windows Registry Key Implementation",
+    kWindowsRegKeyContractID,
+    mockWindowsRegKeyFactory
+  );
+
+  registerCleanupFunction(() => {
+    // Free references to the mock factory
+    registrar.unregisterFactory(kMockCID, mockWindowsRegKeyFactory);
+    // Restore the original factory
+    registrar.registerFactory(
+      Components.ID(originalWindowsRegKeyCID),
+      "",
+      kWindowsRegKeyContractID,
+      null
+    );
+
+    Services.prefs.setBoolPref(
+      "network.notify.dnsSuffixList",
+      oldSuffixListPref
+    );
+    Services.prefs.setBoolPref(
+      "network.notify.checkForProxies",
+      oldCheckForProxiesPref
+    );
+    Services.prefs.setBoolPref(
+      "network.notify.checkForNRPT",
+      oldCheckForNRPTPref
+    );
+  });
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_handlerService.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_handlerService.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..46a4d9fdd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_handlerService.js
@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+function run_test() {
+  //* *************************************************************************//
+  // Constants
+
+  const handlerSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/uriloader/handler-service;1"].getService(
+    Ci.nsIHandlerService
+  );
+
+  const mimeSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/mime;1"].getService(Ci.nsIMIMEService);
+
+  const protoSvc = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/external-protocol-service;1"
+  ].getService(Ci.nsIExternalProtocolService);
+
+  const prefSvc = Services.prefs;
+
+  let noMailto = false;
+  if (mozinfo.os == "win") {
+    // Check mailto handler from registry.
+    // If registry entry is nothing, no mailto handler
+    let regSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1"].createInstance(
+      Ci.nsIWindowsRegKey
+    );
+    try {
+      regSvc.open(regSvc.ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, "mailto", regSvc.ACCESS_READ);
+      noMailto = false;
+    } catch (ex) {
+      noMailto = true;
+    }
+    regSvc.close();
+  }
+
+  if (mozinfo.os == "linux") {
+    // Check mailto handler from GIO
+    // If there isn't one, then we have no mailto handler
+    let gIOSvc = Cc["@mozilla.org/gio-service;1"].createInstance(
+      Ci.nsIGIOService
+    );
+    try {
+      gIOSvc.getAppForURIScheme("mailto");
+      noMailto = false;
+    } catch (ex) {
+      noMailto = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  //* *************************************************************************//
+  // Sample Data
+
+  // It doesn't matter whether or not this nsIFile is actually executable,
+  // only that it has a path and exists.  Since we don't know any executable
+  // that exists on all platforms (except possibly the application being
+  // tested, but there doesn't seem to be a way to get a reference to that
+  // from the directory service), we use the temporary directory itself.
+  var executable = Services.dirsvc.get("TmpD", Ci.nsIFile);
+  // XXX We could, of course, create an actual executable in the directory:
+  // executable.append("localhandler");
+  // if (!executable.exists())
+  //  executable.create(Ci.nsIFile.NORMAL_FILE_TYPE, 0o755);
+
+  var localHandler = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  localHandler.name = "Local Handler";
+  localHandler.executable = executable;
+
+  var webHandler = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+  webHandler.name = "Web Handler";
+  webHandler.uriTemplate = "http://www.example.com/?%s";
+
+  // FIXME: these tests create and manipulate enough variables that it would
+  // make sense to move each test into its own scope so we don't run the risk
+  // of one test stomping on another's data.
+
+  //* *************************************************************************//
+  // Test Default Properties
+
+  // Get a handler info for a MIME type that neither the application nor
+  // the OS knows about and make sure its properties are set to the proper
+  // default values.
+
+  var handlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("nonexistent/type", null);
+
+  // Make sure it's also an nsIHandlerInfo.
+  Assert.ok(handlerInfo instanceof Ci.nsIHandlerInfo);
+
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.type, "nonexistent/type");
+
+  // Deprecated property, but we should still make sure it's set correctly.
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.MIMEType, "nonexistent/type");
+
+  // These properties are the ones the handler service knows how to store.
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.preferredAction, Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk);
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler, null);
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length, 0);
+  Assert.equal(
+    handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling,
+    prefSvc.getBoolPref(
+      "browser.download.always_ask_before_handling_new_types",
+      false
+    )
+  );
+
+  // These properties are initialized to default values by the service,
+  // so we might as well make sure they're initialized to the right defaults.
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.description, "");
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.hasDefaultHandler, false);
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.defaultDescription, "");
+
+  const kExternalWarningDefault =
+    "network.protocol-handler.warn-external-default";
+  prefSvc.setBoolPref(kExternalWarningDefault, true);
+
+  // XXX add more thorough protocol info property checking
+
+  // no OS default handler exists
+  var protoInfo = protoSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo("x-moz-rheet");
+  Assert.equal(protoInfo.preferredAction, protoInfo.alwaysAsk);
+  Assert.ok(protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+
+  // OS default exists, injected default does not exist,
+  // explicit warning pref: false
+  const kExternalWarningPrefPrefix = "network.protocol-handler.warn-external.";
+  prefSvc.setBoolPref(kExternalWarningPrefPrefix + "http", false);
+  protoInfo = protoSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo("http");
+  Assert.equal(0, protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length);
+  // NOTE: this assertion will fail if the system executing the test does not
+  // have a handler registered for the http protocol. This is very unlikely to
+  // actually happen except on certain configurations of Linux, but one of
+  // those configurations is the default WSL Ubuntu install. So, if you are
+  // running this test locally and seeing a failure here, it might not be
+  // anything to really worry about.
+  Assert.ok(!protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+
+  // OS default exists, injected default does not exist,
+  // explicit warning pref: true
+  prefSvc.setBoolPref(kExternalWarningPrefPrefix + "http", true);
+  protoInfo = protoSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo("http");
+  // OS handler isn't included in possibleApplicationHandlers, so length is 0
+  // Once they become instances of nsILocalHandlerApp, this number will need
+  // to change.
+  Assert.equal(0, protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length);
+  Assert.ok(protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+
+  // OS default exists, injected default exists, explicit warning pref: false
+  prefSvc.setBoolPref(kExternalWarningPrefPrefix + "mailto", false);
+  protoInfo = protoSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto");
+  if (AppConstants.MOZ_APP_NAME == "thunderbird") {
+    Assert.equal(0, protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length);
+  } else {
+    Assert.equal(1, protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length);
+  }
+
+  // Win7+ or Linux's GIO might not have a default mailto: handler
+  if (noMailto) {
+    Assert.ok(protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+  } else {
+    Assert.ok(!protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+  }
+
+  // OS default exists, injected default exists, explicit warning pref: true
+  prefSvc.setBoolPref(kExternalWarningPrefPrefix + "mailto", true);
+  protoInfo = protoSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto");
+  if (AppConstants.MOZ_APP_NAME == "thunderbird") {
+    Assert.equal(0, protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length);
+  } else {
+    Assert.equal(1, protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length);
+    // Win7+ or Linux's GIO may have no default mailto: handler, so we'd ask
+    // anyway. Otherwise, the default handlers will not have stored preferred
+    // actions etc., so re-requesting them after the warning pref has changed
+    // will use the updated pref value. So both when we have and do not have
+    // a default mailto: handler, we'll ask:
+    Assert.ok(protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+    // As soon as anyone actually stores updated defaults into the profile
+    // database, that default will stop tracking the warning pref.
+  }
+  // Now set the value stored in RDF to true, and the pref to false, to make
+  // sure we still get the right value. (Basically, same thing as above but
+  // with the values reversed.)
+  prefSvc.setBoolPref(kExternalWarningPrefPrefix + "mailto", false);
+  protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = true;
+  handlerSvc.store(protoInfo);
+  protoInfo = protoSvc.getProtocolHandlerInfo("mailto");
+  if (AppConstants.MOZ_APP_NAME == "thunderbird") {
+    Assert.equal(0, protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length);
+  } else {
+    Assert.equal(1, protoInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length);
+    Assert.ok(protoInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+  }
+
+  //* *************************************************************************//
+  // Test Round-Trip Data Integrity
+
+  // Test round-trip data integrity by setting the properties of the handler
+  // info object to different values, telling the handler service to store the
+  // object, and then retrieving a new info object for the same type and making
+  // sure its properties are identical.
+
+  handlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp;
+  handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = localHandler;
+  handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+
+  handlerSvc.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  handlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("nonexistent/type", null);
+
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfo.preferredAction, Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp);
+
+  Assert.notEqual(handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler, null);
+  var preferredHandler = handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler;
+  Assert.equal(typeof preferredHandler, "object");
+  Assert.equal(preferredHandler.name, "Local Handler");
+  Assert.ok(preferredHandler instanceof Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  preferredHandler.QueryInterface(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  Assert.equal(preferredHandler.executable.path, localHandler.executable.path);
+
+  Assert.ok(!handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling);
+
+  // Make sure the handler service's enumerate method lists all known handlers.
+  var handlerInfo2 = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("nonexistent/type2", null);
+  handlerSvc.store(handlerInfo2);
+  var handlerTypes = ["nonexistent/type", "nonexistent/type2"];
+  handlerTypes.push("mailto");
+  for (let handler of handlerSvc.enumerate()) {
+    Assert.notEqual(handlerTypes.indexOf(handler.type), -1);
+    handlerTypes.splice(handlerTypes.indexOf(handler.type), 1);
+  }
+  Assert.equal(handlerTypes.length, 0);
+  // Make sure the handler service's remove method removes a handler record.
+  handlerSvc.remove(handlerInfo2);
+  let handlers = handlerSvc.enumerate();
+  while (handlers.hasMoreElements()) {
+    Assert.notEqual(
+      handlers.getNext().QueryInterface(Ci.nsIHandlerInfo).type,
+      handlerInfo2.type
+    );
+  }
+
+  // Make sure we can store and retrieve a handler info object with no preferred
+  // handler.
+  var noPreferredHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/no-preferred-handler",
+    null
+  );
+  handlerSvc.store(noPreferredHandlerInfo);
+  noPreferredHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/no-preferred-handler",
+    null
+  );
+  Assert.equal(noPreferredHandlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler, null);
+
+  // Make sure that the handler service removes an existing handler record
+  // if we store a handler info object with no preferred handler.
+  var removePreferredHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/rem-preferred-handler",
+    null
+  );
+  removePreferredHandlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = localHandler;
+  handlerSvc.store(removePreferredHandlerInfo);
+  removePreferredHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/rem-preferred-handler",
+    null
+  );
+  removePreferredHandlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = null;
+  handlerSvc.store(removePreferredHandlerInfo);
+  removePreferredHandlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/rem-preferred-handler",
+    null
+  );
+  Assert.equal(removePreferredHandlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler, null);
+
+  // Make sure we can store and retrieve a handler info object with possible
+  // handlers.  We test both adding and removing handlers.
+
+  // Get a handler info and make sure it has no possible handlers.
+  var possibleHandlersInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/possible-handlers",
+    null
+  );
+  Assert.equal(possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length, 0);
+
+  // Store and re-retrieve the handler and make sure it still has no possible
+  // handlers.
+  handlerSvc.store(possibleHandlersInfo);
+  possibleHandlersInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/possible-handlers",
+    null
+  );
+  Assert.equal(possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length, 0);
+
+  // Add two handlers, store the object, re-retrieve it, and make sure it has
+  // two handlers.
+  possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(localHandler);
+  possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(webHandler);
+  handlerSvc.store(possibleHandlersInfo);
+  possibleHandlersInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/possible-handlers",
+    null
+  );
+  Assert.equal(possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length, 2);
+
+  // Figure out which is the local and which is the web handler and the index
+  // in the array of the local handler, which is the one we're going to remove
+  // to test removal of a handler.
+  var handler1 =
+    possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.queryElementAt(
+      0,
+      Ci.nsIHandlerApp
+    );
+  var handler2 =
+    possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.queryElementAt(
+      1,
+      Ci.nsIHandlerApp
+    );
+  var localPossibleHandler, webPossibleHandler, localIndex;
+  if (handler1 instanceof Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp) {
+    [localPossibleHandler, webPossibleHandler, localIndex] = [
+      handler1,
+      handler2,
+      0,
+    ];
+  } else {
+    [localPossibleHandler, webPossibleHandler, localIndex] = [
+      handler2,
+      handler1,
+      1,
+    ];
+  }
+  localPossibleHandler.QueryInterface(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  webPossibleHandler.QueryInterface(Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+
+  // Make sure the two handlers are the ones we stored.
+  Assert.equal(localPossibleHandler.name, localHandler.name);
+  Assert.ok(localPossibleHandler.equals(localHandler));
+  Assert.equal(webPossibleHandler.name, webHandler.name);
+  Assert.ok(webPossibleHandler.equals(webHandler));
+
+  // Remove a handler, store the object, re-retrieve it, and make sure
+  // it only has one handler.
+  possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.removeElementAt(localIndex);
+  handlerSvc.store(possibleHandlersInfo);
+  possibleHandlersInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension(
+    "nonexistent/possible-handlers",
+    null
+  );
+  Assert.equal(possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.length, 1);
+
+  // Make sure the handler is the one we didn't remove.
+  webPossibleHandler =
+    possibleHandlersInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.queryElementAt(
+      0,
+      Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp
+    );
+  Assert.equal(webPossibleHandler.name, webHandler.name);
+  Assert.ok(webPossibleHandler.equals(webHandler));
+
+  // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+  // handler info command line parameters and equality
+  var localApp = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  var handlerApp = localApp.QueryInterface(Ci.nsIHandlerApp);
+
+  Assert.ok(handlerApp.equals(localApp));
+
+  localApp.executable = executable;
+
+  Assert.equal(0, localApp.parameterCount);
+  localApp.appendParameter("-test1");
+  Assert.equal(1, localApp.parameterCount);
+  localApp.appendParameter("-test2");
+  Assert.equal(2, localApp.parameterCount);
+  Assert.ok(localApp.parameterExists("-test1"));
+  Assert.ok(localApp.parameterExists("-test2"));
+  Assert.ok(!localApp.parameterExists("-false"));
+  localApp.clearParameters();
+  Assert.equal(0, localApp.parameterCount);
+
+  var localApp2 = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+
+  localApp2.executable = executable;
+
+  localApp.clearParameters();
+  Assert.ok(localApp.equals(localApp2));
+
+  // equal:
+  // cut -d 1 -f 2
+  // cut -d 1 -f 2
+
+  localApp.appendParameter("-test1");
+  localApp.appendParameter("-test2");
+  localApp.appendParameter("-test3");
+  localApp2.appendParameter("-test1");
+  localApp2.appendParameter("-test2");
+  localApp2.appendParameter("-test3");
+  Assert.ok(localApp.equals(localApp2));
+
+  // not equal:
+  // cut -d 1 -f 2
+  // cut -f 1 -d 2
+
+  localApp.clearParameters();
+  localApp2.clearParameters();
+
+  localApp.appendParameter("-test1");
+  localApp.appendParameter("-test2");
+  localApp.appendParameter("-test3");
+  localApp2.appendParameter("-test2");
+  localApp2.appendParameter("-test1");
+  localApp2.appendParameter("-test3");
+  Assert.ok(!localApp2.equals(localApp));
+
+  var str;
+  str = localApp.getParameter(0);
+  Assert.equal(str, "-test1");
+  str = localApp.getParameter(1);
+  Assert.equal(str, "-test2");
+  str = localApp.getParameter(2);
+  Assert.equal(str, "-test3");
+
+  // FIXME: test round trip integrity for a protocol.
+  // FIXME: test round trip integrity for a handler info with a web handler.
+
+  //* *************************************************************************//
+  // getTypeFromExtension tests
+
+  // test nonexistent extension
+  var lolType = handlerSvc.getTypeFromExtension("lolcat");
+  Assert.equal(lolType, "");
+
+  // add a handler for the extension
+  var lolHandler = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("application/lolcat", null);
+
+  Assert.ok(!lolHandler.extensionExists("lolcat"));
+  lolHandler.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp;
+  lolHandler.preferredApplicationHandler = localHandler;
+  lolHandler.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  lolHandler.appendExtension("lolcat");
+
+  // store the handler
+  Assert.ok(!handlerSvc.exists(lolHandler));
+  handlerSvc.store(lolHandler);
+  Assert.ok(handlerSvc.exists(lolHandler));
+
+  // test now-existent extension
+  lolType = handlerSvc.getTypeFromExtension("lolcat");
+  Assert.equal(lolType, "application/lolcat");
+
+  // test mailcap entries with needsterminal are ignored on non-Windows non-Mac.
+  if (mozinfo.os != "win" && mozinfo.os != "mac") {
+    prefSvc.setStringPref(
+      "helpers.private_mailcap_file",
+      do_get_file("mailcap").path
+    );
+    handlerInfo = mimeSvc.getFromTypeAndExtension("text/plain", null);
+    Assert.equal(handlerInfo.preferredAction, Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk);
+    Assert.equal(handlerInfo.defaultDescription, "sed");
+  }
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_handlerService_store.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_handlerService_store.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03573dbc2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_handlerService_store.js
@@ -0,0 +1,752 @@
+/* Any copyright is dedicated to the Public Domain.
+ * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */
+
+/*
+ * Tests the nsIHandlerService interface.
+ */
+
+// Set up an nsIWebHandlerApp instance that can be used in multiple tests.
+let webHandlerApp = Cc[
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/web-handler-app;1"
+].createInstance(Ci.nsIWebHandlerApp);
+webHandlerApp.name = "Web Handler";
+webHandlerApp.uriTemplate = "https://www.example.com/?url=%s";
+let expectedWebHandlerApp = {
+  name: webHandlerApp.name,
+  uriTemplate: webHandlerApp.uriTemplate,
+};
+
+// Set up an nsILocalHandlerApp instance that can be used in multiple tests. The
+// executable should exist, but it doesn't need to point to an actual file, so
+// we simply initialize it to the path of an existing directory.
+let localHandlerApp = Cc[
+  "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+localHandlerApp.name = "Local Handler";
+localHandlerApp.executable = FileUtils.getFile("TmpD", []);
+let expectedLocalHandlerApp = {
+  name: localHandlerApp.name,
+  executable: localHandlerApp.executable,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Returns a new nsIHandlerInfo instance initialized to known values that don't
+ * depend on the platform and are easier to verify later.
+ *
+ * @param type
+ *        Because the "preferredAction" is initialized to saveToDisk, this
+ *        should represent a MIME type rather than a protocol.
+ */
+function getKnownHandlerInfo(type) {
+  let handlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getBlankHandlerInfo(type);
+  handlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk;
+  handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+  return handlerInfo;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks that the information stored in the handler service instance under
+ * testing matches the test data files.
+ */
+function assertAllHandlerInfosMatchTestData() {
+  let handlerInfos = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getAllHandlerInfos();
+
+  // It's important that the MIME types we check here do not exist at the
+  // operating system level, otherwise the list of handlers and file extensions
+  // will be merged. The current implementation avoids duplicate entries.
+
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfos.shift(), {
+    type: "example/type.handleinternally",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    fileExtensions: ["example_one"],
+  });
+
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfos.shift(), {
+    type: "example/type.savetodisk",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: true,
+    preferredApplicationHandler: {
+      name: "Example Default Handler",
+      uriTemplate: "https://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+    },
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+      {
+        name: "Example Default Handler",
+        uriTemplate: "https://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+      },
+    ],
+    fileExtensions: ["example_two", "example_three"],
+  });
+
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfos.shift(), {
+    type: "example/type.usehelperapp",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: true,
+    preferredApplicationHandler: {
+      name: "Example Default Handler",
+      uriTemplate: "https://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+    },
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+      {
+        name: "Example Default Handler",
+        uriTemplate: "https://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+      },
+      {
+        name: "Example Possible Handler One",
+        uriTemplate: "http://www.example.com/?id=1&url=%s",
+      },
+      {
+        name: "Example Possible Handler Two",
+        uriTemplate: "http://www.example.com/?id=2&url=%s",
+      },
+    ],
+    fileExtensions: ["example_two", "example_three"],
+  });
+
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfos.shift(), {
+    type: "example/type.usesystemdefault",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+      {
+        name: "Example Possible Handler",
+        uriTemplate: "http://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+      },
+    ],
+  });
+
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfos.shift(), {
+    type: "examplescheme.usehelperapp",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: true,
+    preferredApplicationHandler: {
+      name: "Example Default Handler",
+      uriTemplate: "https://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+    },
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+      {
+        name: "Example Default Handler",
+        uriTemplate: "https://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+      },
+      {
+        name: "Example Possible Handler One",
+        uriTemplate: "http://www.example.com/?id=1&url=%s",
+      },
+      {
+        name: "Example Possible Handler Two",
+        uriTemplate: "http://www.example.com/?id=2&url=%s",
+      },
+    ],
+  });
+
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfos.shift(), {
+    type: "examplescheme.usesystemdefault",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+      {
+        name: "Example Possible Handler",
+        uriTemplate: "http://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+      },
+    ],
+  });
+
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfos.length, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Loads data from a file in a predefined format, verifying that the format is
+ * recognized and all the known properties are loaded and saved.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_fillHandlerInfo_predefined() {
+  // Test that the file format used in previous versions can be loaded.
+  await copyTestDataToHandlerStore();
+  await assertAllHandlerInfosMatchTestData();
+
+  // Keep a copy of the nsIHandlerInfo instances, then delete the handler store
+  // and populate it with the known data. Since the handler store is empty, the
+  // default handlers for the current locale are also injected, so we have to
+  // delete them manually before adding the other nsIHandlerInfo instances.
+  let testHandlerInfos = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getAllHandlerInfos();
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+  for (let handlerInfo of HandlerServiceTestUtils.getAllHandlerInfos()) {
+    gHandlerService.remove(handlerInfo);
+  }
+  for (let handlerInfo of testHandlerInfos) {
+    gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+  }
+
+  // Test that the known data still matches after saving it and reloading.
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+  await assertAllHandlerInfosMatchTestData();
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check that "store" is able to add new instances, that "remove" and "exists"
+ * work, and that "fillHandlerInfo" throws when the instance does not exist.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_remove_exists() {
+  // Test both MIME types and protocols.
+  for (let type of [
+    "example/type.usehelperapp",
+    "examplescheme.usehelperapp",
+  ]) {
+    // Create new nsIHandlerInfo instances before loading the test data.
+    await deleteHandlerStore();
+    let handlerInfoPresent = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(type);
+    let handlerInfoAbsent = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(type + "2");
+
+    // Set up known properties that we can verify later.
+    handlerInfoAbsent.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk;
+    handlerInfoAbsent.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+
+    await copyTestDataToHandlerStore();
+
+    Assert.ok(gHandlerService.exists(handlerInfoPresent));
+    Assert.ok(!gHandlerService.exists(handlerInfoAbsent));
+
+    gHandlerService.store(handlerInfoAbsent);
+    gHandlerService.remove(handlerInfoPresent);
+
+    await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+    Assert.ok(!gHandlerService.exists(handlerInfoPresent));
+    Assert.ok(gHandlerService.exists(handlerInfoAbsent));
+
+    Assert.throws(
+      () => gHandlerService.fillHandlerInfo(handlerInfoPresent, ""),
+      ex => ex.result == Cr.NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE
+    );
+
+    let actualHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(type + "2");
+    HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+      type: type + "2",
+      preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that it is possible to save an nsIHandlerInfo instance with a
+ * "preferredAction" that is either a valid or an unknown value, and the
+ * action always takes on an appropriate value when reloading.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_preferredAction() {
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+  let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  // Valid action values should all remain unchanged across a refresh, except
+  // for alwaysAsk which may be overridden with useHelperApp depending on prefs.
+  // Invalid action values should always convert to useHelperApp.
+  const actions = [
+    {
+      preferred: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk,
+      expected: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.alwaysAsk,
+    },
+    {
+      preferred: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally,
+      expected: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.handleInternally,
+    },
+    { preferred: 999, expected: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useHelperApp },
+  ];
+
+  for (let action of actions) {
+    handlerInfo.preferredAction = action.preferred;
+    gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+    gHandlerService.fillHandlerInfo(handlerInfo, "");
+    Assert.equal(handlerInfo.preferredAction, action.expected);
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that it is possible to save an nsIHandlerInfo instance containing an
+ * nsILocalHandlerApp instance pointing to an executable that doesn't exist, but
+ * this entry is ignored when reloading.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_localHandlerApp_missing() {
+  if (!("@mozilla.org/uriloader/dbus-handler-app;1" in Cc)) {
+    info("Skipping test because it does not apply to this platform.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  let missingHandlerApp = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  missingHandlerApp.name = "Non-existing Handler";
+  missingHandlerApp.executable = FileUtils.getFile("TmpD", ["nonexisting"]);
+
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+  let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = missingHandlerApp;
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(missingHandlerApp);
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(webHandlerApp);
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+  let actualHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+    type: "example/new",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [expectedWebHandlerApp],
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test saving and reloading an instance of nsIDBusHandlerApp.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_dBusHandlerApp() {
+  if (!("@mozilla.org/uriloader/dbus-handler-app;1" in Cc)) {
+    info("Skipping test because it does not apply to this platform.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Set up an nsIDBusHandlerApp instance for testing.
+  let dBusHandlerApp = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/dbus-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsIDBusHandlerApp);
+  dBusHandlerApp.name = "DBus Handler";
+  dBusHandlerApp.service = "test.method.server";
+  dBusHandlerApp.method = "Method";
+  dBusHandlerApp.dBusInterface = "test.method.Type";
+  dBusHandlerApp.objectPath = "/test/method/Object";
+  let expectedDBusHandlerApp = {
+    name: dBusHandlerApp.name,
+    service: dBusHandlerApp.service,
+    method: dBusHandlerApp.method,
+    dBusInterface: dBusHandlerApp.dBusInterface,
+    objectPath: dBusHandlerApp.objectPath,
+  };
+
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+  let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = dBusHandlerApp;
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(dBusHandlerApp);
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+  let actualHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+    type: "example/new",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    preferredApplicationHandler: expectedDBusHandlerApp,
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [expectedDBusHandlerApp],
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that it is possible to save an nsIHandlerInfo instance with a
+ * "preferredApplicationHandler" and no "possibleApplicationHandlers", but the
+ * former is always included in the latter list when reloading.
+ */
+add_task(
+  async function test_store_possibleApplicationHandlers_includes_preferred() {
+    await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+    let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+    handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = localHandlerApp;
+    gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+    await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+    let actualHandlerInfo =
+      HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("example/new");
+    HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+      type: "example/new",
+      preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+      preferredApplicationHandler: expectedLocalHandlerApp,
+      possibleApplicationHandlers: [expectedLocalHandlerApp],
+    });
+  }
+);
+
+/**
+ * Tests that it is possible to save an nsIHandlerInfo instance with a
+ * "preferredApplicationHandler" that is not the first element in
+ * "possibleApplicationHandlers", but the former is always included as the first
+ * element of the latter list when reloading.
+ */
+add_task(
+  async function test_store_possibleApplicationHandlers_preferred_first() {
+    await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+    let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+    handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = webHandlerApp;
+    // The preferred handler is appended after the other one.
+    handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(localHandlerApp);
+    handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(webHandlerApp);
+    gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+    await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+    let actualHandlerInfo =
+      HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("example/new");
+    HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+      type: "example/new",
+      preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+      preferredApplicationHandler: expectedWebHandlerApp,
+      possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+        expectedWebHandlerApp,
+        expectedLocalHandlerApp,
+      ],
+    });
+  }
+);
+
+/**
+ * Tests that it is possible to save an nsIHandlerInfo instance with an
+ * uppercase file extension, but it is converted to lowercase when reloading.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_fileExtensions_lowercase() {
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+  let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  handlerInfo.appendExtension("extension_test1");
+  handlerInfo.appendExtension("EXTENSION_test2");
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+  let actualHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+    type: "example/new",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    fileExtensions: ["extension_test1", "extension_test2"],
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that appendExtension doesn't add duplicates, and that anyway duplicates
+ * from possibleApplicationHandlers are removed when saving and reloading.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_no_duplicates() {
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+  let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = webHandlerApp;
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(webHandlerApp);
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(localHandlerApp);
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(localHandlerApp);
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(webHandlerApp);
+  handlerInfo.appendExtension("extension_test1");
+  handlerInfo.appendExtension("extension_test2");
+  handlerInfo.appendExtension("extension_test1");
+  handlerInfo.appendExtension("EXTENSION_test1");
+  Assert.deepEqual(Array.from(handlerInfo.getFileExtensions()), [
+    "extension_test1",
+    "extension_test2",
+  ]);
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+  let actualHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+    type: "example/new",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    preferredApplicationHandler: expectedWebHandlerApp,
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+      expectedWebHandlerApp,
+      expectedLocalHandlerApp,
+    ],
+    fileExtensions: ["extension_test1", "extension_test2"],
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that setFileExtensions doesn't add duplicates.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_setFileExtensions_no_duplicates() {
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+  let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  handlerInfo.setFileExtensions("a,b,A,b,c,a");
+  let expected = ["a", "b", "c"];
+  Assert.deepEqual(Array.from(handlerInfo.getFileExtensions()), expected);
+  // Test empty extensions, also at begin and end.
+  handlerInfo.setFileExtensions(",a,,b,A,c,");
+  Assert.deepEqual(Array.from(handlerInfo.getFileExtensions()), expected);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests that "store" deletes properties that have their default values from
+ * the data store.
+ *
+ * File extensions are never deleted once they have been associated.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_deletes_properties_except_extensions() {
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+  // Prepare an nsIHandlerInfo instance with all the properties set to values
+  // that will result in deletions. The preferredAction is also set to a defined
+  // value so we can more easily verify it later.
+  let handlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getBlankHandlerInfo(
+    "example/type.savetodisk"
+  );
+  handlerInfo.preferredAction = Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk;
+  handlerInfo.alwaysAskBeforeHandling = false;
+
+  // All the properties for "example/type.savetodisk" are present in the test
+  // data, so we load the data before overwriting their values.
+  await copyTestDataToHandlerStore();
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  // Now we can reload the data and verify that no extra values have been kept.
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+  let actualHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(
+    "example/type.savetodisk"
+  );
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+    type: "example/type.savetodisk",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    fileExtensions: ["example_two", "example_three"],
+  });
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests the "overrideType" argument of "fillHandlerInfo".
+ */
+add_task(async function test_fillHandlerInfo_overrideType() {
+  // Test both MIME types and protocols.
+  for (let type of [
+    "example/type.usesystemdefault",
+    "examplescheme.usesystemdefault",
+  ]) {
+    await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+    // Create new nsIHandlerInfo instances before loading the test data.
+    let handlerInfoAbsent = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(type + "2");
+
+    // Fill the nsIHandlerInfo instance using the type that actually exists.
+    await copyTestDataToHandlerStore();
+    gHandlerService.fillHandlerInfo(handlerInfoAbsent, type);
+    HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfoAbsent, {
+      // While the data is populated from another type, the type is unchanged.
+      type: type + "2",
+      preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.useSystemDefault,
+      alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+      possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+        {
+          name: "Example Possible Handler",
+          uriTemplate: "http://www.example.com/?url=%s",
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * Tests "getTypeFromExtension" including unknown extensions.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_getTypeFromExtension() {
+  await copyTestDataToHandlerStore();
+
+  Assert.equal(gHandlerService.getTypeFromExtension(""), "");
+  Assert.equal(gHandlerService.getTypeFromExtension("example_unknown"), "");
+  Assert.equal(
+    gHandlerService.getTypeFromExtension("example_one"),
+    "example/type.handleinternally"
+  );
+  Assert.equal(
+    gHandlerService.getTypeFromExtension("EXAMPLE_one"),
+    "example/type.handleinternally"
+  );
+});
+
+/**
+ * Checks that the information stored in the handler service instance under
+ * testing matches the default handlers for the English locale.
+ */
+function assertAllHandlerInfosMatchDefaultHandlers() {
+  let handlerInfos = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getAllHandlerInfos();
+
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(handlerInfos.shift(), {
+    type: "mailto",
+    preferredActionOSDependent: true,
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [
+      {
+        name: "Gmail",
+        uriTemplate: "https://mail.google.com/mail/?extsrc=mailto&url=%s",
+      },
+    ],
+  });
+
+  Assert.equal(handlerInfos.length, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Tests the default protocol handlers imported from the locale-specific data.
+ */
+add_task(
+  { skip_if: () => AppConstants.MOZ_APP_NAME == "thunderbird" },
+  async function test_default_protocol_handlers() {
+    if (
+      !Services.prefs.getPrefType("gecko.handlerService.defaultHandlersVersion")
+    ) {
+      info("This platform or locale does not have default handlers.");
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // This will inject the default protocol handlers for the current locale.
+    await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+    await assertAllHandlerInfosMatchDefaultHandlers();
+  }
+);
+
+/**
+ * Tests that the default protocol handlers are not imported again from the
+ * locale-specific data if they already exist.
+ */
+add_task(
+  { skip_if: () => AppConstants.MOZ_APP_NAME == "thunderbird" },
+  async function test_default_protocol_handlers_no_duplicates() {
+    if (
+      !Services.prefs.getPrefType("gecko.handlerService.defaultHandlersVersion")
+    ) {
+      info("This platform or locale does not have default handlers.");
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // This will inject the default protocol handlers for the current locale.
+    await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+    // Clear the preference to force injecting again.
+    Services.prefs.clearUserPref("gecko.handlerService.defaultHandlersVersion");
+
+    await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+    // There should be no duplicate handlers in the protocols.
+    assertAllHandlerInfosMatchDefaultHandlers();
+  }
+);
+
+/**
+ * Ensures forward compatibility by checking that the "store" method preserves
+ * unknown properties in the test data.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_keeps_unknown_properties() {
+  // Create a new nsIHandlerInfo instance before loading the test data.
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+  let handlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo(
+    "example/type.handleinternally"
+  );
+
+  await copyTestDataToHandlerStore();
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+  let data = await IOUtils.readJSON(jsonPath);
+  Assert.equal(
+    data.mimeTypes["example/type.handleinternally"].unknownProperty,
+    "preserved"
+  );
+});
+
+/**
+ * Runs the asyncInit method, ensuring that it successfully inits the store
+ * and calls the handlersvc-store-initialized topic.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_async_init() {
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+  await copyTestDataToHandlerStore();
+  gHandlerService.asyncInit();
+  await TestUtils.topicObserved("handlersvc-store-initialized");
+  await assertAllHandlerInfosMatchTestData();
+
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+});
+
+/**
+ * Races the asyncInit method against the sync init (implicit in enumerate),
+ * to ensure that the store will be synchronously initialized without any
+ * ill effects.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_race_async_init() {
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+  await copyTestDataToHandlerStore();
+  let storeInitialized = false;
+  // Pass a callback to synchronously observe the topic, as a promise would
+  // resolve asynchronously
+  TestUtils.topicObserved("handlersvc-store-initialized", () => {
+    storeInitialized = true;
+    return true;
+  });
+  gHandlerService.asyncInit();
+  Assert.ok(!storeInitialized);
+  gHandlerService.enumerate();
+  Assert.ok(storeInitialized);
+  await assertAllHandlerInfosMatchTestData();
+
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+});
+
+/**
+ * Test saving and reloading an instance of nsIGIOMimeApp.
+ */
+add_task(async function test_store_gioHandlerApp() {
+  if (!("@mozilla.org/gio-service;1" in Cc)) {
+    info("Skipping test because it does not apply to this platform.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Create dummy exec file that following won't fail because file not found error
+  let dummyHandlerFile = FileUtils.getFile("TmpD", ["dummyHandler"]);
+  dummyHandlerFile.createUnique(
+    Ci.nsIFile.NORMAL_FILE_TYPE,
+    parseInt("777", 8)
+  );
+
+  // Set up an nsIGIOMimeApp instance for testing.
+  let handlerApp = Cc["@mozilla.org/gio-service;1"]
+    .getService(Ci.nsIGIOService)
+    .createAppFromCommand(dummyHandlerFile.path, "Dummy GIO handler");
+  let expectedGIOMimeHandlerApp = {
+    name: handlerApp.name,
+    command: handlerApp.command,
+  };
+
+  await deleteHandlerStore();
+
+  let handlerInfo = getKnownHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  handlerInfo.preferredApplicationHandler = handlerApp;
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(handlerApp);
+  handlerInfo.possibleApplicationHandlers.appendElement(webHandlerApp);
+  gHandlerService.store(handlerInfo);
+
+  await unloadHandlerStore();
+
+  let actualHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+    type: "example/new",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    preferredApplicationHandler: expectedGIOMimeHandlerApp,
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [expectedGIOMimeHandlerApp, webHandlerApp],
+  });
+
+  await IOUtils.remove(dummyHandlerFile.path);
+
+  // After removing dummyHandlerFile, the handler should disappear from the
+  // list of possibleApplicationHandlers and preferredAppHandler should be null.
+  actualHandlerInfo = HandlerServiceTestUtils.getHandlerInfo("example/new");
+  HandlerServiceTestUtils.assertHandlerInfoMatches(actualHandlerInfo, {
+    type: "example/new",
+    preferredAction: Ci.nsIHandlerInfo.saveToDisk,
+    alwaysAskBeforeHandling: false,
+    preferredApplicationHandler: null,
+    possibleApplicationHandlers: [webHandlerApp],
+  });
+});
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_punycodeURIs.js b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_punycodeURIs.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..949c9914ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/test_punycodeURIs.js
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+// Encoded test URI to work on all platforms/independent of file encoding
+const kTestURI = "http://\u65e5\u672c\u8a93.jp/";
+const kExpectedURI = "http://xn--wgv71a309e.jp/";
+const kOutputFile = "result.txt";
+
+// Try several times in case the box we're running on is slow.
+const kMaxCheckExistAttempts = 30; // seconds
+var gCheckExistsAttempts = 0;
+
+const tempDir = do_get_tempdir();
+
+function checkFile() {
+  // This is where we expect the output
+  var tempFile = tempDir.clone();
+  tempFile.append(kOutputFile);
+
+  if (!tempFile.exists()) {
+    if (gCheckExistsAttempts >= kMaxCheckExistAttempts) {
+      do_throw(
+        "Expected File " +
+          tempFile.path +
+          " does not exist after " +
+          kMaxCheckExistAttempts +
+          " seconds"
+      );
+    } else {
+      ++gCheckExistsAttempts;
+      // Wait a bit longer then try again
+      do_timeout(1000, checkFile);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Now read it
+  var fstream = Cc["@mozilla.org/network/file-input-stream;1"].createInstance(
+    Ci.nsIFileInputStream
+  );
+  var sstream = Cc["@mozilla.org/scriptableinputstream;1"].createInstance(
+    Ci.nsIScriptableInputStream
+  );
+  fstream.init(tempFile, -1, 0, 0);
+  sstream.init(fstream);
+
+  // Read the first line only as that's the one we expect WriteArguments
+  // to be writing the argument to.
+  var data = sstream.read(4096);
+
+  sstream.close();
+  fstream.close();
+
+  // Now remove the old file
+  tempFile.remove(false);
+
+  // This currently fails on Mac with an argument like -psn_0_nnnnnn
+  // This seems to be to do with how the executable is called, but I couldn't
+  // find a way around it.
+  // Additionally the lack of OS detection in xpcshell tests sucks, so we'll
+  // have to check for the argument mac gives us.
+  if (data.substring(0, 7) != "-psn_0_") {
+    Assert.equal(data, kExpectedURI);
+  }
+
+  do_test_finished();
+}
+
+function run_test() {
+  if (mozinfo.os == "mac") {
+    dump("INFO | test_punycodeURIs.js | Skipping test on mac, bug 599475");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // set up the uri to test with
+  var ioService = Services.io;
+
+  // set up the local handler object
+  var localHandler = Cc[
+    "@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1"
+  ].createInstance(Ci.nsILocalHandlerApp);
+  localHandler.name = "Test Local Handler App";
+
+  // WriteArgument will just dump its arguments to a file for us.
+  var processDir = do_get_cwd();
+  var exe = processDir.clone();
+  exe.append("WriteArgument");
+
+  if (!exe.exists()) {
+    // Maybe we are on windows
+    exe.leafName = "WriteArgument.exe";
+    if (!exe.exists()) {
+      do_throw("Could not locate the WriteArgument tests executable\n");
+    }
+  }
+
+  var outFile = tempDir.clone();
+  outFile.append(kOutputFile);
+
+  // Set an environment variable for WriteArgument to pick up
+  // The Write Argument file needs to know where its libraries are, so
+  // just force the path variable
+  // For mac
+  var greDir = Services.dirsvc.get("GreD", Ci.nsIFile);
+
+  Services.env.set("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH", greDir.path);
+  // For Linux
+  Services.env.set("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", greDir.path);
+  // XXX: handle windows
+
+  // Now tell it where we want the file.
+  Services.env.set("WRITE_ARGUMENT_FILE", outFile.path);
+
+  var uri = ioService.newURI(kTestURI);
+
+  // Just check we've got these matching, if we haven't there's a problem
+  // with ascii spec or our test case.
+  Assert.equal(uri.asciiSpec, kExpectedURI);
+
+  localHandler.executable = exe;
+  localHandler.launchWithURI(uri);
+
+  do_test_pending();
+  do_timeout(1000, checkFile);
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/xpcshell.ini b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/xpcshell.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..209cfb836a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/tests/unit/xpcshell.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+[DEFAULT]
+head = head.js
+run-sequentially = Bug 912235 - Intermittent failures
+firefox-appdir = browser
+
+[test_defaults_handlerService.js]
+# No default stored handlers on android given lack of support.
+# No default stored handlers on Thunderbird.
+skip-if =
+    os == "android"
+    appname == "thunderbird"
+[test_downloads_improvements_migration.js]
+# No default stored handlers on android given lack of support.
+# No default stored handlers on Thunderbird.
+skip-if =
+    os == "android"
+    appname == "thunderbird"
+[test_filename_sanitize.js]
+[test_getFromTypeAndExtension.js]
+[test_getMIMEInfo_pdf.js]
+[test_getMIMEInfo_unknown_mime_type.js]
+run-if = os == "win" # Windows only test
+[test_getTypeFromExtension_ext_to_type_mapping.js]
+[test_getTypeFromExtension_with_empty_Content_Type.js]
+run-if = os == "win" # Windows only test
+[test_badMIMEType.js]
+run-if = buildapp == "browser"
+[test_handlerService.js]
+support-files = mailcap
+# Bug 676997: test consistently fails on Android
+fail-if = os == "android"
+[test_handlerService_store.js]
+# Disabled for 1563343 -- the app should determine possible handlers in GV.
+fail-if = os == "android"
+support-files = handlers.json
+[test_punycodeURIs.js]
+skip-if =
+  os == 'win' && msix # https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1809485
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit.h b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06b31a723a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nslocalhandlerappuikit_h_
+#define nslocalhandlerappuikit_h_
+
+#include "nsLocalHandlerApp.h"
+
+class nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit final : public nsLocalHandlerApp {
+ public:
+  nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit() {}
+  ~nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit() {}
+
+  nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit(const char16_t* aName, nsIFile* aExecutable)
+      : nsLocalHandlerApp(aName, aExecutable) {}
+
+  nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit(const nsAString& aName, nsIFile* aExecutable)
+      : nsLocalHandlerApp(aName, aExecutable) {}
+
+  NS_IMETHOD LaunchWithURI(
+      nsIURI* aURI, mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) override;
+};
+
+#endif /* nslocalhandlerappuikit_h_ */
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit.mm b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit.mm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae6697f9b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit.mm
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#import <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
+
+#include "nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit.h"
+#include "nsIURI.h"
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsLocalHandlerAppUIKit::LaunchWithURI(nsIURI* aURI,
+                                      mozilla::dom::BrowsingContext* aBrowsingContext) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsMIMEInfoUIKit.h b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsMIMEInfoUIKit.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..109eb16e3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsMIMEInfoUIKit.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsMIMEInfoUIKit_h_
+#define nsMIMEInfoUIKit_h_
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+
+class nsMIMEInfoUIKit final : public nsMIMEInfoImpl {
+ public:
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoUIKit(const nsACString& aMIMEType)
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aMIMEType) {}
+  nsMIMEInfoUIKit(const nsACString& aType, HandlerClass aClass)
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aType, aClass) {}
+
+  NS_IMETHOD LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) override;
+
+ protected:
+  virtual nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) override;
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  virtual nsresult LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) override {
+    MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE("do not call this method, use LaunchWithFile");
+    return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+  }
+#endif
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsMIMEInfoUIKit.mm b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsMIMEInfoUIKit.mm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ed0c1eb2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsMIMEInfoUIKit.mm
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoUIKit.h"
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoUIKit::LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) { return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; }
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoUIKit::LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) { return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; }
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsOSHelperAppService.h b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsOSHelperAppService.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..426d8bb78a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsOSHelperAppService.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsOSHelperAppService_h__
+#define nsOSHelperAppService_h__
+
+// The OS helper app service is a subclass of nsExternalHelperAppService and
+// is implemented on each platform. It contains platform specific code for
+// finding helper applications for a given mime type in addition to launching
+// those applications. This is the UIKit version.
+
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+
+class nsOSHelperAppService final : public nsExternalHelperAppService {
+ public:
+  nsOSHelperAppService();
+  ~nsOSHelperAppService();
+
+  // override nsIExternalProtocolService methods
+  NS_IMETHOD GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                       nsAString& _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                              bool* _retval) override;
+
+  // method overrides --> used to hook the mime service into internet config....
+  NS_IMETHOD GetFromTypeAndExtension(const nsACString& aType,
+                                     const nsACString& aFileExt,
+                                     nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                               const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+                               nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                          bool* found,
+                                          nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) override;
+
+  // GetFileTokenForPath must be implemented by each platform.
+  // platformAppPath --> a platform specific path to an application that we got
+  //                     out of the rdf data source. This can be a mac file
+  //                     spec, a unix path or a windows path depending on the
+  //                     platform
+  // aFile --> an nsIFile representation of that platform application path.
+  virtual nsresult GetFileTokenForPath(const char16_t* platformAppPath,
+                                       nsIFile** aFile) override;
+
+  nsresult OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aScheme,
+                                   bool* aHandlerExists) override;
+};
+
+#endif  // nsOSHelperAppService_h__
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsOSHelperAppService.mm b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsOSHelperAppService.mm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5d6cc7b0fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/uikit/nsOSHelperAppService.mm
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:cin:
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsOSHelperAppService.h"
+
+nsOSHelperAppService::nsOSHelperAppService() : nsExternalHelperAppService() {}
+
+nsOSHelperAppService::~nsOSHelperAppService() {}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme,
+                                                       bool* aHandlerExists) {
+  *aHandlerExists = false;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme, nsAString& _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(const nsACString& aScheme, bool* _retval) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetFileTokenForPath(const char16_t* aPlatformAppPath,
+                                                   nsIFile** aFile) {
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::GetFromTypeAndExtension(const nsACString& aType, const nsACString& aFileExt,
+                                              nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  return nsExternalHelperAppService::GetFromTypeAndExtension(aType, aFileExt, aMIMEInfo);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsOSHelperAppService::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                                                      const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+                                                      nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  *aMIMEInfo = nullptr;
+  *aFound = false;
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme, bool* found,
+                                                   nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) {
+  *found = false;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsGNOMERegistry.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsGNOMERegistry.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dad4adbfd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsGNOMERegistry.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsGNOMERegistry.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoUnix.h"
+#include "nsIGIOService.h"
+
+/* static */
+bool nsGNOMERegistry::HandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIGIOService> giovfs = do_GetService(NS_GIOSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  if (!giovfs) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> app;
+  return NS_SUCCEEDED(giovfs->GetAppForURIScheme(
+      nsDependentCString(aProtocolScheme), getter_AddRefs(app)));
+}
+
+// XXX Check HandlerExists() before calling LoadURL.
+
+/* static */
+nsresult nsGNOMERegistry::LoadURL(nsIURI* aURL) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIGIOService> giovfs = do_GetService(NS_GIOSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  if (!giovfs) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  return giovfs->ShowURI(aURL);
+}
+
+/* static */
+void nsGNOMERegistry::GetAppDescForScheme(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                          nsAString& aDesc) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIGIOService> giovfs = do_GetService(NS_GIOSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  if (!giovfs) return;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> app;
+  if (NS_FAILED(giovfs->GetAppForURIScheme(aScheme, getter_AddRefs(app))))
+    return;
+
+  app->GetName(aDesc);
+}
+
+/* static */
+already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoBase> nsGNOMERegistry::GetFromExtension(
+    const nsACString& aFileExt) {
+  nsAutoCString mimeType;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIGIOService> giovfs = do_GetService(NS_GIOSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  if (!giovfs) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Get the MIME type from the extension, then call GetFromType to
+  // fill in the MIMEInfo.
+  if (NS_FAILED(giovfs->GetMimeTypeFromExtension(aFileExt, mimeType)) ||
+      mimeType.EqualsLiteral("application/octet-stream")) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoBase> mi = GetFromType(mimeType);
+  if (mi) {
+    mi->AppendExtension(aFileExt);
+  }
+
+  return mi.forget();
+}
+
+/* static */
+already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoBase> nsGNOMERegistry::GetFromType(
+    const nsACString& aMIMEType) {
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoUnix> mimeInfo = new nsMIMEInfoUnix(aMIMEType);
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(mimeInfo, nullptr);
+
+  nsAutoString name;
+  nsAutoCString description;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIGIOService> giovfs = do_GetService(NS_GIOSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  if (!giovfs) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> handlerApp;
+  if (NS_FAILED(
+          giovfs->GetAppForMimeType(aMIMEType, getter_AddRefs(handlerApp))) ||
+      !handlerApp) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  handlerApp->GetName(name);
+  giovfs->GetDescriptionForMimeType(aMIMEType, description);
+
+  mimeInfo->SetDefaultDescription(name);
+
+  mimeInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+  mimeInfo->SetDescription(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(description));
+
+  return mimeInfo.forget();
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsGNOMERegistry.h b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsGNOMERegistry.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea626c5b50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsGNOMERegistry.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsGNOMERegistry_h
+#define nsGNOMERegistry_h
+
+#include "nsIURI.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+
+class nsMIMEInfoBase;
+
+class nsGNOMERegistry {
+ public:
+  static bool HandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme);
+
+  static nsresult LoadURL(nsIURI* aURL);
+
+  static void GetAppDescForScheme(const nsACString& aScheme, nsAString& aDesc);
+
+  static already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoBase> GetFromExtension(
+      const nsACString& aFileExt);
+
+  static already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoBase> GetFromType(
+      const nsACString& aMIMEType);
+};
+
+#endif  // nsGNOMERegistry_h
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsMIMEInfoUnix.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsMIMEInfoUnix.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..330c441159
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsMIMEInfoUnix.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoUnix.h"
+#include "nsGNOMERegistry.h"
+#include "nsIGIOService.h"
+#include "nsNetCID.h"
+#include "nsIIOService.h"
+#ifdef MOZ_ENABLE_DBUS
+#  include "nsDBusHandlerApp.h"
+#endif
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoUnix::LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) {
+  return nsGNOMERegistry::LoadURL(aURI);
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoUnix::GetHasDefaultHandler(bool* _retval) {
+  // if a default app is set, it means the application has been set from
+  // either /etc/mailcap or ${HOME}/.mailcap, in which case we don't want to
+  // give the GNOME answer.
+  if (GetDefaultApplication()) {
+    return nsMIMEInfoImpl::GetHasDefaultHandler(_retval);
+  }
+
+  *_retval = false;
+
+  if (mClass == eProtocolInfo) {
+    *_retval = nsGNOMERegistry::HandlerExists(mSchemeOrType.get());
+  } else {
+    RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoBase> mimeInfo =
+        nsGNOMERegistry::GetFromType(mSchemeOrType);
+    if (!mimeInfo) {
+      nsAutoCString ext;
+      nsresult rv = GetPrimaryExtension(ext);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+        mimeInfo = nsGNOMERegistry::GetFromExtension(ext);
+      }
+    }
+    if (mimeInfo) *_retval = true;
+  }
+
+  if (*_retval) return NS_OK;
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoUnix::LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  // if a default app is set, it means the application has been set from
+  // either /etc/mailcap or ${HOME}/.mailcap, in which case we don't want to
+  // give the GNOME answer.
+  if (GetDefaultApplication()) {
+    return nsMIMEInfoImpl::LaunchDefaultWithFile(aFile);
+  }
+
+  nsAutoCString nativePath;
+  aFile->GetNativePath(nativePath);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIGIOService> giovfs = do_GetService(NS_GIOSERVICE_CONTRACTID);
+  if (!giovfs) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  // nsGIOMimeApp->Launch wants a URI string instead of local file
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIIOService> ioservice =
+      do_GetService(NS_IOSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIURI> uri;
+  rv = ioservice->NewFileURI(aFile, getter_AddRefs(uri));
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerApp> app;
+  if (NS_FAILED(
+          giovfs->GetAppForMimeType(mSchemeOrType, getter_AddRefs(app))) ||
+      !app) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+  }
+
+  return app->LaunchWithURI(uri, nullptr);
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsMIMEInfoUnix.h b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsMIMEInfoUnix.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2e32be4915
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsMIMEInfoUnix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsMIMEInfoUnix_h_
+#define nsMIMEInfoUnix_h_
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+
+class nsMIMEInfoUnix : public nsMIMEInfoImpl {
+ public:
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoUnix(const char* aMIMEType = "")
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aMIMEType) {}
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoUnix(const nsACString& aMIMEType)
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aMIMEType) {}
+  nsMIMEInfoUnix(const nsACString& aType, HandlerClass aClass)
+      : nsMIMEInfoImpl(aType, aClass) {}
+  static bool HandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme);
+
+ protected:
+  NS_IMETHOD GetHasDefaultHandler(bool* _retval) override;
+
+  virtual nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI) override;
+
+  virtual nsresult LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) override;
+};
+
+#endif  // nsMIMEInfoUnix_h_
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f6eaa46f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1498 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include "nsOSHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoUnix.h"
+#ifdef MOZ_WIDGET_GTK
+#  include "nsGNOMERegistry.h"
+#  ifdef MOZ_BUILD_APP_IS_BROWSER
+#    include "nsIToolkitShellService.h"
+#    include "nsIGNOMEShellService.h"
+#  endif
+#endif
+#include "nsISupports.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsReadableUtils.h"
+#include "nsUnicharUtils.h"
+#include "nsIFileStreams.h"
+#include "nsILineInputStream.h"
+#include "nsIFile.h"
+#include "nsIProcess.h"
+#include "nsNetCID.h"
+#include "nsXPCOM.h"
+#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
+#include "nsCRT.h"
+#include "nsDirectoryServiceDefs.h"
+#include "nsDirectoryServiceUtils.h"
+#include "nsXULAppAPI.h"
+#include "ContentHandlerService.h"
+#include "prenv.h"  // for PR_GetEnv()
+#include "mozilla/EnumeratedRange.h"
+#include "mozilla/Preferences.h"
+#include "mozilla/ClearOnShutdown.h"
+#include "nsMimeTypes.h"
+#include <mutex>
+
+using namespace mozilla;
+
+#define LOG(...) \
+  MOZ_LOG(nsOSHelperAppService::sLog, mozilla::LogLevel::Debug, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define LOG_ENABLED() \
+  MOZ_LOG_TEST(nsOSHelperAppService::sLog, mozilla::LogLevel::Debug)
+
+static nsresult FindSemicolon(nsAString::const_iterator& aSemicolon_iter,
+                              const nsAString::const_iterator& aEnd_iter);
+static nsresult ParseMIMEType(const nsAString::const_iterator& aStart_iter,
+                              nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeStart,
+                              nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeEnd,
+                              nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeStart,
+                              nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeEnd,
+                              const nsAString::const_iterator& aEnd_iter);
+
+inline bool IsNetscapeFormat(const nsACString& aBuffer);
+
+nsOSHelperAppService::~nsOSHelperAppService() {}
+
+/*
+ * Take a command with all the mailcap escapes in it and unescape it
+ * Ideally this needs the mime type, mime type options, and location of the
+ * temporary file, but this last can't be got from here
+ */
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::UnescapeCommand(const nsAString& aEscapedCommand,
+                                               const nsAString& aMajorType,
+                                               const nsAString& aMinorType,
+                                               nsACString& aUnEscapedCommand) {
+  LOG("-- UnescapeCommand");
+  LOG("Command to escape: '%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aEscapedCommand).get());
+  //  XXX This function will need to get the mime type and various stuff like
+  //  that being passed in to work properly
+
+  LOG(
+      ("UnescapeCommand really needs some work -- it should actually do some "
+       "unescaping\n"));
+
+  CopyUTF16toUTF8(aEscapedCommand, aUnEscapedCommand);
+  LOG("Escaped command: '%s'\n", PromiseFlatCString(aUnEscapedCommand).get());
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* Put aSemicolon_iter at the first non-escaped semicolon after
+ * aStart_iter but before aEnd_iter
+ */
+
+static nsresult FindSemicolon(nsAString::const_iterator& aSemicolon_iter,
+                              const nsAString::const_iterator& aEnd_iter) {
+  bool semicolonFound = false;
+  while (aSemicolon_iter != aEnd_iter && !semicolonFound) {
+    switch (*aSemicolon_iter) {
+      case '\\':
+        aSemicolon_iter.advance(2);
+        break;
+      case ';':
+        semicolonFound = true;
+        break;
+      default:
+        ++aSemicolon_iter;
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+static nsresult ParseMIMEType(const nsAString::const_iterator& aStart_iter,
+                              nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeStart,
+                              nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeEnd,
+                              nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeStart,
+                              nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeEnd,
+                              const nsAString::const_iterator& aEnd_iter) {
+  nsAString::const_iterator iter(aStart_iter);
+
+  // skip leading whitespace
+  while (iter != aEnd_iter && nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*iter)) {
+    ++iter;
+  }
+
+  if (iter == aEnd_iter) {
+    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+  }
+
+  aMajorTypeStart = iter;
+
+  // find major/minor separator ('/')
+  while (iter != aEnd_iter && *iter != '/') {
+    ++iter;
+  }
+
+  if (iter == aEnd_iter) {
+    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+  }
+
+  aMajorTypeEnd = iter;
+
+  // skip '/'
+  ++iter;
+
+  if (iter == aEnd_iter) {
+    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+  }
+
+  aMinorTypeStart = iter;
+
+  // find end of minor type, delimited by whitespace or ';'
+  while (iter != aEnd_iter && !nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*iter) && *iter != ';') {
+    ++iter;
+  }
+
+  aMinorTypeEnd = iter;
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+// TODO: We should consider not only caching the file location but maybe the
+// file contents too?
+enum class FileKind {
+  PrivateMimeTypes = 0,
+  GlobalMimeTypes,
+  PrivateMailCap,
+  GlobalMailCap,
+
+  Count,
+};
+
+struct FileLocationCache {
+  struct Entry {
+    bool mIsCached = false;
+    nsresult mResult = NS_OK;
+    nsString mLocation;
+
+    void Clear() { *this = {}; }
+  };
+
+  EnumeratedArray<FileKind, FileKind::Count, Entry> mEntries;
+
+  static const char* PrefFor(FileKind aKind) {
+    switch (aKind) {
+      case FileKind::GlobalMimeTypes:
+        return "helpers.global_mime_types_file";
+      case FileKind::PrivateMimeTypes:
+        return "helpers.private_mime_types_file";
+      case FileKind::GlobalMailCap:
+        return "helpers.global_mailcap_file";
+      case FileKind::PrivateMailCap:
+        return "helpers.private_mailcap_file";
+      case FileKind::Count:
+        break;
+    }
+    MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE("Unknown file kind");
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  void Clear() {
+    for (auto& entry : mEntries) {
+      entry.Clear();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void PrefChangeCallback(const char*, void*) { Get().Clear(); }
+
+  static FileLocationCache& Get() {
+    static FileLocationCache sCache;
+    static std::once_flag flag;
+    std::call_once(flag, [&] {
+      for (auto kind :
+           MakeEnumeratedRange(FileKind::PrivateMimeTypes, FileKind::Count)) {
+        Preferences::RegisterCallback(PrefChangeCallback,
+                                      nsDependentCString(PrefFor(kind)));
+      }
+      RunOnShutdown([] {
+        sCache.Clear();
+        for (auto kind :
+             MakeEnumeratedRange(FileKind::PrivateMimeTypes, FileKind::Count)) {
+          Preferences::UnregisterCallback(PrefChangeCallback,
+                                          nsDependentCString(PrefFor(kind)));
+        }
+      });
+    });
+    return sCache;
+  }
+
+  Entry& EntryFor(FileKind aKind) { return mEntries[aKind]; }
+};
+
+// The lookup order is:
+//    1) user pref
+//    2) env var (if any)
+//    3) pref
+static nsresult DoGetFileLocation(FileKind aKind, nsAString& aFileLocation) {
+  LOG("-- GetFileLocation(%d)\n", int(aKind));
+
+  aFileLocation.Truncate();
+
+  const char* envVar = [&]() -> const char* {
+    switch (aKind) {
+      case FileKind::PrivateMailCap:
+        return "PERSONAL_MAILCAP";
+      case FileKind::GlobalMailCap:
+        return "MAILCAP";
+      default:
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+  }();
+
+  const char* prefName = FileLocationCache::PrefFor(aKind);
+
+  if (envVar) {
+    // If we have an env var we should check whether the pref is a user pref. If
+    // we do not, we don't care.
+    if (Preferences::HasUserValue(prefName) &&
+        NS_SUCCEEDED(Preferences::GetString(prefName, aFileLocation))) {
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+
+    char* envValue = PR_GetEnv(envVar);
+    if (envValue && *envValue) {
+      // the pref is in the system charset and it's a filepath... The
+      // natural way to do the charset conversion is by just initing
+      // an nsIFile with the native path and asking it for the Unicode
+      // version.
+      nsresult rv;
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> file(do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCAL_FILE_CONTRACTID, &rv));
+      NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+      rv = file->InitWithNativePath(nsDependentCString(envValue));
+      NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+      return file->GetPath(aFileLocation);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return Preferences::GetString(prefName, aFileLocation);
+}
+
+static nsresult GetFileLocation(FileKind aKind, nsAString& aFileLocation) {
+  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
+  auto& entry = FileLocationCache::Get().EntryFor(aKind);
+  if (!entry.mIsCached) {
+    entry.mIsCached = true;
+    entry.mResult = DoGetFileLocation(aKind, entry.mLocation);
+  }
+  aFileLocation = entry.mLocation;
+  return entry.mResult;
+}
+
+/* Get the mime.types file names from prefs and look up info in them
+   based on extension */
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::LookUpTypeAndDescription(
+    const nsAString& aFileExtension, nsAString& aMajorType,
+    nsAString& aMinorType, nsAString& aDescription, bool aUserData) {
+  LOG("-- LookUpTypeAndDescription for extension '%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aFileExtension).get());
+  nsAutoString mimeFileName;
+
+  auto kind =
+      aUserData ? FileKind::PrivateMimeTypes : FileKind::GlobalMimeTypes;
+  nsresult rv = GetFileLocation(kind, mimeFileName);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && !mimeFileName.IsEmpty()) {
+    rv = GetTypeAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile(
+        mimeFileName, aFileExtension, aMajorType, aMinorType, aDescription);
+  } else {
+    rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+inline bool IsNetscapeFormat(const nsACString& aBuffer) {
+  return StringBeginsWith(
+             aBuffer,
+             nsLiteralCString(
+                 "#--Netscape Communications Corporation MIME Information")) ||
+         StringBeginsWith(aBuffer, "#--MCOM MIME Information"_ns);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a file stream and line input stream for the filename.
+ * Leaves the first line of the file in aBuffer and sets the format to
+ *  true for netscape files and false for normail ones
+ */
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::CreateInputStream(
+    const nsAString& aFilename, nsIFileInputStream** aFileInputStream,
+    nsILineInputStream** aLineInputStream, nsACString& aBuffer,
+    bool* aNetscapeFormat, bool* aMore) {
+  LOG("-- CreateInputStream");
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> file(do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCAL_FILE_CONTRACTID, &rv));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+  rv = file->InitWithPath(aFilename);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFileInputStream> fileStream(
+      do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCALFILEINPUTSTREAM_CONTRACTID, &rv));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+  rv = fileStream->Init(file, -1, -1, false);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILineInputStream> lineStream(do_QueryInterface(fileStream, &rv));
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    LOG("Interface trouble in stream land!");
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  rv = lineStream->ReadLine(aBuffer, aMore);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    fileStream->Close();
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  *aNetscapeFormat = IsNetscapeFormat(aBuffer);
+
+  *aFileInputStream = fileStream;
+  NS_ADDREF(*aFileInputStream);
+  *aLineInputStream = lineStream;
+  NS_ADDREF(*aLineInputStream);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/* Open the file, read the first line, decide what type of file it is,
+   then get info based on extension */
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetTypeAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile(
+    const nsAString& aFilename, const nsAString& aFileExtension,
+    nsAString& aMajorType, nsAString& aMinorType, nsAString& aDescription) {
+  LOG("-- GetTypeAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile\n");
+  LOG("Getting type and description from types file '%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aFilename).get());
+  LOG("Using extension '%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aFileExtension).get());
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFileInputStream> mimeFile;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILineInputStream> mimeTypes;
+  bool netscapeFormat;
+  nsAutoString buf;
+  nsAutoCString cBuf;
+  bool more = false;
+  nsresult rv = CreateInputStream(aFilename, getter_AddRefs(mimeFile),
+                                  getter_AddRefs(mimeTypes), cBuf,
+                                  &netscapeFormat, &more);
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoString extensions;
+  nsAutoStringN<101> entry;
+  nsAString::const_iterator majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart,
+      minorTypeEnd, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd;
+
+  do {
+    CopyASCIItoUTF16(cBuf, buf);
+    // read through, building up an entry.  If we finish an entry, check for
+    // a match and return out of the loop if we match
+
+    // skip comments and empty lines
+    if (!buf.IsEmpty() && buf.First() != '#') {
+      entry.Append(buf);
+      if (entry.Last() == '\\') {
+        entry.Truncate(entry.Length() - 1);
+        entry.Append(char16_t(
+            ' '));  // in case there is no trailing whitespace on this line
+      } else {      // we have a full entry
+        LOG("Current entry: '%s'\n", NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(entry).get());
+        if (netscapeFormat) {
+          rv = ParseNetscapeMIMETypesEntry(
+              entry, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd,
+              extensions, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd);
+          if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+            // We sometimes get things like RealPlayer appending
+            // "normal" entries to "Netscape" .mime.types files.  Try
+            // to handle that.  Bug 106381.
+            LOG("Bogus entry; trying 'normal' mode\n");
+            rv = ParseNormalMIMETypesEntry(
+                entry, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart,
+                minorTypeEnd, extensions, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd);
+          }
+        } else {
+          rv = ParseNormalMIMETypesEntry(
+              entry, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd,
+              extensions, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd);
+          if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+            // We sometimes get things like StarOffice prepending
+            // "normal" entries to "Netscape" .mime.types files.  Try
+            // to handle that.  Bug 136670.
+            LOG("Bogus entry; trying 'Netscape' mode\n");
+            rv = ParseNetscapeMIMETypesEntry(
+                entry, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart,
+                minorTypeEnd, extensions, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd);
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {  // entry parses
+          nsAString::const_iterator start, end;
+          extensions.BeginReading(start);
+          extensions.EndReading(end);
+          nsAString::const_iterator iter(start);
+
+          while (start != end) {
+            FindCharInReadable(',', iter, end);
+            if (Substring(start, iter)
+                    .Equals(aFileExtension,
+                            nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator)) {
+              // it's a match.  Assign the type and description and run
+              aMajorType.Assign(Substring(majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd));
+              aMinorType.Assign(Substring(minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd));
+              aDescription.Assign(Substring(descriptionStart, descriptionEnd));
+              mimeFile->Close();
+              return NS_OK;
+            }
+            if (iter != end) {
+              ++iter;
+            }
+            start = iter;
+          }
+        } else {
+          LOG("Failed to parse entry: %s\n",
+              NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(entry).get());
+        }
+        // truncate the entry for the next iteration
+        entry.Truncate();
+      }
+    }
+    if (!more) {
+      rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+      break;
+    }
+    // read the next line
+    rv = mimeTypes->ReadLine(cBuf, &more);
+  } while (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv));
+
+  mimeFile->Close();
+  return rv;
+}
+
+/* Get the mime.types file names from prefs and look up info in them
+   based on mimetype  */
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::LookUpExtensionsAndDescription(
+    const nsAString& aMajorType, const nsAString& aMinorType,
+    nsAString& aFileExtensions, nsAString& aDescription) {
+  LOG("-- LookUpExtensionsAndDescription for type '%s/%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aMajorType).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aMinorType).get());
+  nsAutoString mimeFileName;
+
+  nsresult rv = GetFileLocation(FileKind::PrivateMimeTypes, mimeFileName);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && !mimeFileName.IsEmpty()) {
+    rv = GetExtensionsAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile(
+        mimeFileName, aMajorType, aMinorType, aFileExtensions, aDescription);
+  } else {
+    rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv) || aFileExtensions.IsEmpty()) {
+    rv = GetFileLocation(FileKind::GlobalMimeTypes, mimeFileName);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && !mimeFileName.IsEmpty()) {
+      rv = GetExtensionsAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile(
+          mimeFileName, aMajorType, aMinorType, aFileExtensions, aDescription);
+    } else {
+      rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+    }
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+/* Open the file, read the first line, decide what type of file it is,
+   then get info based on extension */
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetExtensionsAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile(
+    const nsAString& aFilename, const nsAString& aMajorType,
+    const nsAString& aMinorType, nsAString& aFileExtensions,
+    nsAString& aDescription) {
+  LOG("-- GetExtensionsAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile\n");
+  LOG("Getting extensions and description from types file '%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aFilename).get());
+  LOG("Using type '%s/%s'\n", NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aMajorType).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aMinorType).get());
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFileInputStream> mimeFile;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILineInputStream> mimeTypes;
+  bool netscapeFormat;
+  nsAutoCString cBuf;
+  nsAutoString buf;
+  bool more = false;
+  nsresult rv = CreateInputStream(aFilename, getter_AddRefs(mimeFile),
+                                  getter_AddRefs(mimeTypes), cBuf,
+                                  &netscapeFormat, &more);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoString extensions;
+  nsAutoStringN<101> entry;
+  nsAString::const_iterator majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart,
+      minorTypeEnd, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd;
+
+  do {
+    CopyASCIItoUTF16(cBuf, buf);
+    // read through, building up an entry.  If we finish an entry, check for
+    // a match and return out of the loop if we match
+
+    // skip comments and empty lines
+    if (!buf.IsEmpty() && buf.First() != '#') {
+      entry.Append(buf);
+      if (entry.Last() == '\\') {
+        entry.Truncate(entry.Length() - 1);
+        entry.Append(char16_t(
+            ' '));  // in case there is no trailing whitespace on this line
+      } else {      // we have a full entry
+        LOG("Current entry: '%s'\n", NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(entry).get());
+        if (netscapeFormat) {
+          rv = ParseNetscapeMIMETypesEntry(
+              entry, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd,
+              extensions, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd);
+
+          if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+            // We sometimes get things like RealPlayer appending
+            // "normal" entries to "Netscape" .mime.types files.  Try
+            // to handle that.  Bug 106381.
+            LOG("Bogus entry; trying 'normal' mode\n");
+            rv = ParseNormalMIMETypesEntry(
+                entry, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart,
+                minorTypeEnd, extensions, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd);
+          }
+        } else {
+          rv = ParseNormalMIMETypesEntry(
+              entry, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd,
+              extensions, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd);
+
+          if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+            // We sometimes get things like StarOffice prepending
+            // "normal" entries to "Netscape" .mime.types files.  Try
+            // to handle that.  Bug 136670.
+            LOG("Bogus entry; trying 'Netscape' mode\n");
+            rv = ParseNetscapeMIMETypesEntry(
+                entry, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart,
+                minorTypeEnd, extensions, descriptionStart, descriptionEnd);
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) &&
+            Substring(majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd)
+                .Equals(aMajorType, nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator) &&
+            Substring(minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd)
+                .Equals(aMinorType, nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator)) {
+          // it's a match
+          aFileExtensions.Assign(extensions);
+          aDescription.Assign(Substring(descriptionStart, descriptionEnd));
+          mimeFile->Close();
+          return NS_OK;
+        }
+        if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+          LOG("Failed to parse entry: %s\n",
+              NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(entry).get());
+        }
+
+        entry.Truncate();
+      }
+    }
+    if (!more) {
+      rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+      break;
+    }
+    // read the next line
+    rv = mimeTypes->ReadLine(cBuf, &more);
+  } while (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv));
+
+  mimeFile->Close();
+  return rv;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This parses a Netscape format mime.types entry.  There are two
+ * possible formats:
+ *
+ * type=foo/bar; options exts="baz" description="Some type"
+ *
+ * and
+ *
+ * type=foo/bar; options description="Some type" exts="baz"
+ */
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::ParseNetscapeMIMETypesEntry(
+    const nsAString& aEntry, nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeStart,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeEnd,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeStart,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeEnd, nsAString& aExtensions,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aDescriptionStart,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aDescriptionEnd) {
+  LOG("-- ParseNetscapeMIMETypesEntry\n");
+  NS_ASSERTION(!aEntry.IsEmpty(),
+               "Empty Netscape MIME types entry being parsed.");
+
+  nsAString::const_iterator start_iter, end_iter, match_start, match_end;
+
+  aEntry.BeginReading(start_iter);
+  aEntry.EndReading(end_iter);
+
+  // skip trailing whitespace
+  do {
+    --end_iter;
+  } while (end_iter != start_iter && nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*end_iter));
+  // if we're pointing to a quote, don't advance -- we don't want to
+  // include the quote....
+  if (*end_iter != '"') ++end_iter;
+  match_start = start_iter;
+  match_end = end_iter;
+
+  // Get the major and minor types
+  // First the major type
+  if (!FindInReadable(u"type="_ns, match_start, match_end)) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  match_start = match_end;
+
+  while (match_end != end_iter && *match_end != '/') {
+    ++match_end;
+  }
+  if (match_end == end_iter) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  aMajorTypeStart = match_start;
+  aMajorTypeEnd = match_end;
+
+  // now the minor type
+  if (++match_end == end_iter) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  match_start = match_end;
+
+  while (match_end != end_iter && !nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*match_end) &&
+         *match_end != ';') {
+    ++match_end;
+  }
+  if (match_end == end_iter) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  aMinorTypeStart = match_start;
+  aMinorTypeEnd = match_end;
+
+  // ignore everything up to the end of the mime type from here on
+  start_iter = match_end;
+
+  // get the extensions
+  match_start = match_end;
+  match_end = end_iter;
+  if (FindInReadable(u"exts="_ns, match_start, match_end)) {
+    nsAString::const_iterator extStart, extEnd;
+
+    if (match_end == end_iter ||
+        (*match_end == '"' && ++match_end == end_iter)) {
+      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+    }
+
+    extStart = match_end;
+    match_start = extStart;
+    match_end = end_iter;
+    if (FindInReadable(u"desc=\""_ns, match_start, match_end)) {
+      // exts= before desc=, so we have to find the actual end of the extensions
+      extEnd = match_start;
+      if (extEnd == extStart) {
+        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+      }
+
+      do {
+        --extEnd;
+      } while (extEnd != extStart && nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*extEnd));
+
+      if (extEnd != extStart && *extEnd == '"') {
+        --extEnd;
+      }
+    } else {
+      // desc= before exts=, so we can use end_iter as the end of the extensions
+      extEnd = end_iter;
+    }
+    aExtensions = Substring(extStart, extEnd);
+  } else {
+    // no extensions
+    aExtensions.Truncate();
+  }
+
+  // get the description
+  match_start = start_iter;
+  match_end = end_iter;
+  if (FindInReadable(u"desc=\""_ns, match_start, match_end)) {
+    aDescriptionStart = match_end;
+    match_start = aDescriptionStart;
+    match_end = end_iter;
+    if (FindInReadable(u"exts="_ns, match_start, match_end)) {
+      // exts= after desc=, so have to find actual end of description
+      aDescriptionEnd = match_start;
+      if (aDescriptionEnd == aDescriptionStart) {
+        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+      }
+
+      do {
+        --aDescriptionEnd;
+      } while (aDescriptionEnd != aDescriptionStart &&
+               nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*aDescriptionEnd));
+    } else {
+      // desc= after exts=, so use end_iter for the description end
+      aDescriptionEnd = end_iter;
+    }
+  } else {
+    // no description
+    aDescriptionStart = start_iter;
+    aDescriptionEnd = start_iter;
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This parses a normal format mime.types entry.  The format is:
+ *
+ * major/minor    ext1 ext2 ext3
+ */
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::ParseNormalMIMETypesEntry(
+    const nsAString& aEntry, nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeStart,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeEnd,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeStart,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeEnd, nsAString& aExtensions,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aDescriptionStart,
+    nsAString::const_iterator& aDescriptionEnd) {
+  LOG("-- ParseNormalMIMETypesEntry\n");
+  NS_ASSERTION(!aEntry.IsEmpty(),
+               "Empty Normal MIME types entry being parsed.");
+
+  nsAString::const_iterator start_iter, end_iter, iter;
+
+  aEntry.BeginReading(start_iter);
+  aEntry.EndReading(end_iter);
+
+  // no description
+  aDescriptionStart = start_iter;
+  aDescriptionEnd = start_iter;
+
+  // skip leading whitespace
+  while (start_iter != end_iter && nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*start_iter)) {
+    ++start_iter;
+  }
+  if (start_iter == end_iter) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  // skip trailing whitespace
+  do {
+    --end_iter;
+  } while (end_iter != start_iter && nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*end_iter));
+
+  ++end_iter;  // point to first whitespace char (or to end of string)
+  iter = start_iter;
+
+  // get the major type
+  if (!FindCharInReadable('/', iter, end_iter)) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  nsAString::const_iterator equals_sign_iter(start_iter);
+  if (FindCharInReadable('=', equals_sign_iter, iter))
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;  // see bug 136670
+
+  aMajorTypeStart = start_iter;
+  aMajorTypeEnd = iter;
+
+  // get the minor type
+  if (++iter == end_iter) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  start_iter = iter;
+
+  while (iter != end_iter && !nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*iter)) {
+    ++iter;
+  }
+  aMinorTypeStart = start_iter;
+  aMinorTypeEnd = iter;
+
+  // get the extensions
+  aExtensions.Truncate();
+  while (iter != end_iter) {
+    while (iter != end_iter && nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*iter)) {
+      ++iter;
+    }
+
+    start_iter = iter;
+    while (iter != end_iter && !nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*iter)) {
+      ++iter;
+    }
+    aExtensions.Append(Substring(start_iter, iter));
+    if (iter != end_iter) {  // not the last extension
+      aExtensions.Append(char16_t(','));
+    }
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::LookUpHandlerAndDescription(
+    const nsAString& aMajorType, const nsAString& aMinorType,
+    nsAString& aHandler, nsAString& aDescription, nsAString& aMozillaFlags) {
+  // The mailcap lookup is two-pass to handle the case of mailcap files
+  // that have something like:
+  //
+  // text/*; emacs %s
+  // text/rtf; soffice %s
+  //
+  // in that order.  We want to pick up "soffice" for text/rtf in such cases
+  nsresult rv = DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(
+      aMajorType, aMinorType, aHandler, aDescription, aMozillaFlags, true);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    rv = DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(aMajorType, aMinorType, aHandler,
+                                       aDescription, aMozillaFlags, false);
+  }
+
+  // maybe we have an entry for "aMajorType/*"?
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    rv = DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(aMajorType, u"*"_ns, aHandler,
+                                       aDescription, aMozillaFlags, true);
+  }
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    rv = DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(aMajorType, u"*"_ns, aHandler,
+                                       aDescription, aMozillaFlags, false);
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(
+    const nsAString& aMajorType, const nsAString& aMinorType,
+    nsAString& aHandler, nsAString& aDescription, nsAString& aMozillaFlags,
+    bool aUserData) {
+  LOG("-- LookUpHandlerAndDescription for type '%s/%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aMajorType).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aMinorType).get());
+  nsAutoString mailcapFileName;
+
+  const auto kind =
+      aUserData ? FileKind::PrivateMailCap : FileKind::GlobalMailCap;
+  nsresult rv = GetFileLocation(kind, mailcapFileName);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv) || mailcapFileName.IsEmpty()) {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+  return GetHandlerAndDescriptionFromMailcapFile(mailcapFileName, aMajorType,
+                                                 aMinorType, aHandler,
+                                                 aDescription, aMozillaFlags);
+}
+
+// static
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetHandlerAndDescriptionFromMailcapFile(
+    const nsAString& aFilename, const nsAString& aMajorType,
+    const nsAString& aMinorType, nsAString& aHandler, nsAString& aDescription,
+    nsAString& aMozillaFlags) {
+  LOG("-- GetHandlerAndDescriptionFromMailcapFile\n");
+  LOG("Getting handler and description from mailcap file '%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aFilename).get());
+  LOG("Using type '%s/%s'\n", NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aMajorType).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(aMinorType).get());
+
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+  bool more = false;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> file(do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCAL_FILE_CONTRACTID, &rv));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+  rv = file->InitWithPath(aFilename);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFileInputStream> mailcapFile(
+      do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCALFILEINPUTSTREAM_CONTRACTID, &rv));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+  rv = mailcapFile->Init(file, -1, -1, false);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILineInputStream> mailcap(do_QueryInterface(mailcapFile, &rv));
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    LOG("Interface trouble in stream land!");
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoStringN<129> entry;
+  nsAutoStringN<81> buffer;
+  nsAutoCStringN<81> cBuffer;
+  rv = mailcap->ReadLine(cBuffer, &more);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    mailcapFile->Close();
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  do {  // return on end-of-file in the loop
+
+    CopyASCIItoUTF16(cBuffer, buffer);
+    if (!buffer.IsEmpty() && buffer.First() != '#') {
+      entry.Append(buffer);
+      if (entry.Last() == '\\') {  // entry continues on next line
+        entry.Truncate(entry.Length() - 1);
+        entry.Append(char16_t(
+            ' '));  // in case there is no trailing whitespace on this line
+      } else {      // we have a full entry in entry.  Check it for the type
+        LOG("Current entry: '%s'\n", NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(entry).get());
+
+        nsAString::const_iterator semicolon_iter, start_iter, end_iter,
+            majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd, minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd;
+        entry.BeginReading(start_iter);
+        entry.EndReading(end_iter);
+        semicolon_iter = start_iter;
+        FindSemicolon(semicolon_iter, end_iter);
+        if (semicolon_iter !=
+            end_iter) {  // we have something resembling a valid entry
+          rv = ParseMIMEType(start_iter, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd,
+                             minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd, semicolon_iter);
+          if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) &&
+              Substring(majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd)
+                  .Equals(aMajorType, nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator) &&
+              Substring(minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd)
+                  .Equals(aMinorType, nsCaseInsensitiveStringComparator)) {
+            // we have a match
+            bool match = true;
+            ++semicolon_iter;  // point at the first char past the semicolon
+            start_iter = semicolon_iter;  // handler string starts here
+            FindSemicolon(semicolon_iter, end_iter);
+            while (start_iter != semicolon_iter &&
+                   nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*start_iter)) {
+              ++start_iter;
+            }
+
+            LOG("The real handler is: '%s'\n",
+                NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(
+                    Substring(start_iter, semicolon_iter))
+                    .get());
+
+            // XXX ugly hack.  Just grab the executable name
+            nsAString::const_iterator end_handler_iter = semicolon_iter;
+            nsAString::const_iterator end_executable_iter = start_iter;
+            while (end_executable_iter != end_handler_iter &&
+                   !nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*end_executable_iter)) {
+              ++end_executable_iter;
+            }
+            // XXX End ugly hack
+
+            aHandler = Substring(start_iter, end_executable_iter);
+
+            nsAString::const_iterator start_option_iter, end_optionname_iter,
+                equal_sign_iter;
+            bool equalSignFound;
+            while (match && semicolon_iter != end_iter &&
+                   ++semicolon_iter !=
+                       end_iter) {  // there are options left and we still match
+              start_option_iter = semicolon_iter;
+              // skip over leading whitespace
+              while (start_option_iter != end_iter &&
+                     nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*start_option_iter)) {
+                ++start_option_iter;
+              }
+              if (start_option_iter == end_iter) {  // nothing actually here
+                break;
+              }
+              semicolon_iter = start_option_iter;
+              FindSemicolon(semicolon_iter, end_iter);
+              equal_sign_iter = start_option_iter;
+              equalSignFound = false;
+              while (equal_sign_iter != semicolon_iter && !equalSignFound) {
+                switch (*equal_sign_iter) {
+                  case '\\':
+                    equal_sign_iter.advance(2);
+                    break;
+                  case '=':
+                    equalSignFound = true;
+                    break;
+                  default:
+                    ++equal_sign_iter;
+                    break;
+                }
+              }
+              end_optionname_iter = start_option_iter;
+              // find end of option name
+              while (end_optionname_iter != equal_sign_iter &&
+                     !nsCRT::IsAsciiSpace(*end_optionname_iter)) {
+                ++end_optionname_iter;
+              }
+              nsDependentSubstring optionName(start_option_iter,
+                                              end_optionname_iter);
+              if (equalSignFound) {
+                // This is an option that has a name and value
+                if (optionName.EqualsLiteral("description")) {
+                  aDescription = Substring(++equal_sign_iter, semicolon_iter);
+                } else if (optionName.EqualsLiteral("x-mozilla-flags")) {
+                  aMozillaFlags = Substring(++equal_sign_iter, semicolon_iter);
+                } else if (optionName.EqualsLiteral("test")) {
+                  nsAutoCString testCommand;
+                  rv = UnescapeCommand(
+                      Substring(++equal_sign_iter, semicolon_iter), aMajorType,
+                      aMinorType, testCommand);
+                  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) continue;
+                  nsCOMPtr<nsIProcess> process =
+                      do_CreateInstance(NS_PROCESS_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+                  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) continue;
+                  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> file(
+                      do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCAL_FILE_CONTRACTID, &rv));
+                  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) continue;
+                  rv = file->InitWithNativePath("/bin/sh"_ns);
+                  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) continue;
+                  rv = process->Init(file);
+                  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) continue;
+                  const char* args[] = {"-c", testCommand.get()};
+                  LOG("Running Test: %s\n", testCommand.get());
+                  rv = process->Run(true, args, 2);
+                  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) continue;
+                  int32_t exitValue;
+                  rv = process->GetExitValue(&exitValue);
+                  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) continue;
+                  LOG("Exit code: %d\n", exitValue);
+                  if (exitValue) {
+                    match = false;
+                  }
+                }
+              } else {
+                // This is an option that just has a name but no value (eg
+                // "copiousoutput")
+                if (optionName.EqualsLiteral("needsterminal")) {
+                  match = false;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+
+            if (match) {  // we did not fail any test clauses; all is good
+              // get out of here
+              mailcapFile->Close();
+              return NS_OK;
+            }
+            // pretend that this match never happened
+            aDescription.Truncate();
+            aMozillaFlags.Truncate();
+            aHandler.Truncate();
+          }
+        }
+        // zero out the entry for the next cycle
+        entry.Truncate();
+      }
+    }
+    if (!more) {
+      rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+      break;
+    }
+    rv = mailcap->ReadLine(cBuffer, &more);
+  } while (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv));
+  mailcapFile->Close();
+  return rv;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::OSProtocolHandlerExists(
+    const char* aProtocolScheme, bool* aHandlerExists) {
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+
+  if (!XRE_IsContentProcess()) {
+#ifdef MOZ_WIDGET_GTK
+    // Check the GNOME registry for a protocol handler
+    *aHandlerExists = nsGNOMERegistry::HandlerExists(aProtocolScheme);
+#else
+    *aHandlerExists = false;
+#endif
+  } else {
+    *aHandlerExists = false;
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIHandlerService> handlerSvc =
+        do_GetService(NS_HANDLERSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && handlerSvc) {
+      rv = handlerSvc->ExistsForProtocolOS(nsCString(aProtocolScheme),
+                                           aHandlerExists);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsOSHelperAppService::GetApplicationDescription(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, nsAString& _retval) {
+#ifdef MOZ_WIDGET_GTK
+  nsGNOMERegistry::GetAppDescForScheme(aScheme, _retval);
+  return _retval.IsEmpty() ? NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE : NS_OK;
+#else
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+#endif
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsOSHelperAppService::IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, bool* _retval) {
+  *_retval = false;
+#if defined(MOZ_BUILD_APP_IS_BROWSER) && defined(MOZ_WIDGET_GTK)
+  if (nsCOMPtr<nsIGNOMEShellService> shell =
+          do_GetService(NS_TOOLKITSHELLSERVICE_CONTRACTID)) {
+    return shell->IsDefaultForScheme(aScheme, _retval);
+  }
+#endif
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetFileTokenForPath(
+    const char16_t* platformAppPath, nsIFile** aFile) {
+  LOG("-- nsOSHelperAppService::GetFileTokenForPath: '%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(platformAppPath).get());
+  if (!*platformAppPath) {  // empty filename--return error
+    NS_WARNING("Empty filename passed in.");
+    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+  }
+
+  // first check if the base class implementation finds anything
+  nsresult rv =
+      nsExternalHelperAppService::GetFileTokenForPath(platformAppPath, aFile);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) return rv;
+  // If the reason for failure was that the file doesn't exist, return too
+  // (because it means the path was absolute, and so that we shouldn't search in
+  // the path)
+  if (rv == NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) return rv;
+
+  // If we get here, we really should have a relative path.
+  NS_ASSERTION(*platformAppPath != char16_t('/'), "Unexpected absolute path");
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> localFile(do_CreateInstance(NS_LOCAL_FILE_CONTRACTID));
+
+  if (!localFile) return NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+
+  bool exists = false;
+  // ugly hack.  Walk the PATH variable...
+  char* unixpath = PR_GetEnv("PATH");
+  nsAutoCString path(unixpath);
+
+  const char* start_iter = path.BeginReading(start_iter);
+  const char* colon_iter = start_iter;
+  const char* end_iter = path.EndReading(end_iter);
+
+  while (start_iter != end_iter && !exists) {
+    while (colon_iter != end_iter && *colon_iter != ':') {
+      ++colon_iter;
+    }
+    localFile->InitWithNativePath(Substring(start_iter, colon_iter));
+    rv = localFile->AppendRelativePath(nsDependentString(platformAppPath));
+    // Failing AppendRelativePath is a bad thing - it should basically always
+    // succeed given a relative path. Show a warning if it does fail.
+    // To prevent infinite loops when it does fail, return at this point.
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+    localFile->Exists(&exists);
+    if (!exists) {
+      if (colon_iter == end_iter) {
+        break;
+      }
+      ++colon_iter;
+      start_iter = colon_iter;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (exists) {
+    rv = NS_OK;
+  } else {
+    rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  *aFile = localFile;
+  NS_IF_ADDREF(*aFile);
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoBase> nsOSHelperAppService::GetFromExtension(
+    const nsCString& aFileExt) {
+  // if the extension is empty, return immediately
+  if (aFileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  LOG("Here we do an extension lookup for '%s'\n", aFileExt.get());
+
+  nsAutoString majorType, minorType, mime_types_description,
+      mailcap_description, handler, mozillaFlags;
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      LookUpTypeAndDescription(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(aFileExt), majorType,
+                               minorType, mime_types_description, true);
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv) || majorType.IsEmpty()) {
+#ifdef MOZ_WIDGET_GTK
+    LOG("Looking in GNOME registry\n");
+    RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoBase> gnomeInfo =
+        nsGNOMERegistry::GetFromExtension(aFileExt);
+    if (gnomeInfo) {
+      LOG("Got MIMEInfo from GNOME registry\n");
+      return gnomeInfo.forget();
+    }
+#endif
+
+    rv = LookUpTypeAndDescription(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(aFileExt), majorType,
+                                  minorType, mime_types_description, false);
+  }
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII asciiMajorType(majorType);
+  NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII asciiMinorType(minorType);
+
+  LOG("Type/Description results:  majorType='%s', minorType='%s', "
+      "description='%s'\n",
+      asciiMajorType.get(), asciiMinorType.get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(mime_types_description).get());
+
+  if (majorType.IsEmpty() && minorType.IsEmpty()) {
+    // we didn't get a type mapping, so we can't do anything useful
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoCString mimeType(asciiMajorType + "/"_ns + asciiMinorType);
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoUnix> mimeInfo = new nsMIMEInfoUnix(mimeType);
+
+  mimeInfo->AppendExtension(aFileExt);
+  rv = LookUpHandlerAndDescription(majorType, minorType, handler,
+                                   mailcap_description, mozillaFlags);
+  LOG("Handler/Description results:  handler='%s', description='%s', "
+      "mozillaFlags='%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(handler).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(mailcap_description).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(mozillaFlags).get());
+  mailcap_description.Trim(" \t\"");
+  mozillaFlags.Trim(" \t");
+  if (!mime_types_description.IsEmpty()) {
+    mimeInfo->SetDescription(mime_types_description);
+  } else {
+    mimeInfo->SetDescription(mailcap_description);
+  }
+
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && handler.IsEmpty()) {
+    rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> handlerFile;
+    rv = GetFileTokenForPath(handler.get(), getter_AddRefs(handlerFile));
+
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      mimeInfo->SetDefaultApplication(handlerFile);
+      mimeInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+      mimeInfo->SetDefaultDescription(handler);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    mimeInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+  }
+
+  return mimeInfo.forget();
+}
+
+already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoBase> nsOSHelperAppService::GetFromType(
+    const nsCString& aMIMEType) {
+  // if the type is empty, return immediately
+  if (aMIMEType.IsEmpty()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  LOG("Here we do a mimetype lookup for '%s'\n", aMIMEType.get());
+
+  // extract the major and minor types
+  NS_ConvertASCIItoUTF16 mimeType(aMIMEType);
+  nsAString::const_iterator start_iter, end_iter, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd,
+      minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd;
+
+  mimeType.BeginReading(start_iter);
+  mimeType.EndReading(end_iter);
+
+  // XXX FIXME: add typeOptions parsing in here
+  nsresult rv = ParseMIMEType(start_iter, majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd,
+                              minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd, end_iter);
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  nsDependentSubstring majorType(majorTypeStart, majorTypeEnd);
+  nsDependentSubstring minorType(minorTypeStart, minorTypeEnd);
+
+  // First check the user's private mailcap file
+  nsAutoString mailcap_description, handler, mozillaFlags;
+  DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(majorType, minorType, handler,
+                                mailcap_description, mozillaFlags, true);
+
+  LOG("Private Handler/Description results:  handler='%s', description='%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(handler).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(mailcap_description).get());
+
+  // Now look up our extensions
+  nsAutoString extensions, mime_types_description;
+  LookUpExtensionsAndDescription(majorType, minorType, extensions,
+                                 mime_types_description);
+
+#ifdef MOZ_WIDGET_GTK
+  if (handler.IsEmpty()) {
+    RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoBase> gnomeInfo = nsGNOMERegistry::GetFromType(aMIMEType);
+    if (gnomeInfo) {
+      LOG("Got MIMEInfo from GNOME registry without extensions; setting them "
+          "to %s\n",
+          NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(extensions).get());
+
+      NS_ASSERTION(!gnomeInfo->HasExtensions(), "How'd that happen?");
+      gnomeInfo->SetFileExtensions(NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(extensions));
+      return gnomeInfo.forget();
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (handler.IsEmpty()) {
+    DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(majorType, minorType, handler,
+                                  mailcap_description, mozillaFlags, false);
+  }
+
+  if (handler.IsEmpty()) {
+    DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(majorType, u"*"_ns, handler,
+                                  mailcap_description, mozillaFlags, true);
+  }
+
+  if (handler.IsEmpty()) {
+    DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(majorType, u"*"_ns, handler,
+                                  mailcap_description, mozillaFlags, false);
+  }
+
+  LOG("Handler/Description results:  handler='%s', description='%s', "
+      "mozillaFlags='%s'\n",
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(handler).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(mailcap_description).get(),
+      NS_LossyConvertUTF16toASCII(mozillaFlags).get());
+
+  mailcap_description.Trim(" \t\"");
+  mozillaFlags.Trim(" \t");
+
+  if (handler.IsEmpty() && extensions.IsEmpty() &&
+      mailcap_description.IsEmpty() && mime_types_description.IsEmpty()) {
+    // No real useful info
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoUnix> mimeInfo = new nsMIMEInfoUnix(aMIMEType);
+
+  mimeInfo->SetFileExtensions(NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(extensions));
+  if (!mime_types_description.IsEmpty()) {
+    mimeInfo->SetDescription(mime_types_description);
+  } else {
+    mimeInfo->SetDescription(mailcap_description);
+  }
+
+  rv = NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> handlerFile;
+  if (!handler.IsEmpty()) {
+    rv = GetFileTokenForPath(handler.get(), getter_AddRefs(handlerFile));
+  }
+
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    mimeInfo->SetDefaultApplication(handlerFile);
+    mimeInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+    mimeInfo->SetDefaultDescription(handler);
+  } else {
+    mimeInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+  }
+
+  return mimeInfo.forget();
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aType,
+                                                 const nsACString& aFileExt,
+                                                 bool* aFound,
+                                                 nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  *aFound = true;
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoBase> retval;
+  // Fallback to lookup by extension when generic 'application/octet-stream'
+  // content type is received.
+  if (!aType.EqualsLiteral(APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)) {
+    retval = GetFromType(PromiseFlatCString(aType));
+  }
+  bool hasDefault = false;
+  if (retval) retval->GetHasDefaultHandler(&hasDefault);
+  if (!retval || !hasDefault) {
+    RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoBase> miByExt =
+        GetFromExtension(PromiseFlatCString(aFileExt));
+    // If we had no extension match, but a type match, use that
+    if (!miByExt && retval) {
+      retval.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+    // If we had an extension match but no type match, set the mimetype and use
+    // it
+    if (!retval && miByExt) {
+      if (!aType.IsEmpty()) miByExt->SetMIMEType(aType);
+      miByExt.swap(retval);
+
+      retval.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+    // If we got nothing, make a new mimeinfo
+    if (!retval) {
+      *aFound = false;
+      retval = new nsMIMEInfoUnix(aType);
+      if (retval) {
+        if (!aFileExt.IsEmpty()) retval->AppendExtension(aFileExt);
+      }
+
+      retval.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+
+    // Copy the attributes of retval (mimeinfo from type) onto miByExt, to
+    // return it
+    // but reset to just collected mDefaultAppDescription (from ext)
+    nsAutoString byExtDefault;
+    miByExt->GetDefaultDescription(byExtDefault);
+    retval->SetDefaultDescription(byExtDefault);
+    retval->CopyBasicDataTo(miByExt);
+
+    miByExt.swap(retval);
+  }
+  retval.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                                   bool* found,
+                                                   nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) {
+  NS_ASSERTION(!aScheme.IsEmpty(), "No scheme was specified!");
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      OSProtocolHandlerExists(nsPromiseFlatCString(aScheme).get(), found);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsMIMEInfoUnix* handlerInfo =
+      new nsMIMEInfoUnix(aScheme, nsMIMEInfoBase::eProtocolInfo);
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(handlerInfo, NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY);
+  NS_ADDREF(*_retval = handlerInfo);
+
+  if (!*found) {
+    // Code that calls this requires an object regardless if the OS has
+    // something for us, so we return the empty object.
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoString desc;
+  GetApplicationDescription(aScheme, desc);
+  handlerInfo->SetDefaultDescription(desc);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsOSHelperAppService.h b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsOSHelperAppService.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25feeac359
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/unix/nsOSHelperAppService.h
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsOSHelperAppService_h__
+#define nsOSHelperAppService_h__
+
+// The OS helper app service is a subclass of nsExternalHelperAppService and is
+// implemented on each platform. It contains platform specific code for finding
+// helper applications for a given mime type in addition to launching those
+// applications.
+
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+
+class nsIFileInputStream;
+class nsILineInputStream;
+class nsMIMEInfoBase;
+
+class nsOSHelperAppService : public nsExternalHelperAppService {
+ public:
+  virtual ~nsOSHelperAppService();
+
+  // method overrides for mime.types and mime.info look up steps
+  NS_IMETHOD GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMimeType,
+                               const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+                               nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                          bool* found,
+                                          nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) override;
+
+  // override nsIExternalProtocolService methods
+  nsresult OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme,
+                                   bool* aHandlerExists) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                       nsAString& _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                              bool* _retval) override;
+
+  // GetFileTokenForPath must be implemented by each platform.
+  // platformAppPath --> a platform specific path to an application that we got
+  //                     out of the rdf data source. This can be a mac file
+  //                     spec, a unix path or a windows path depending on the
+  //                     platform
+  // aFile --> an nsIFile representation of that platform application path.
+  virtual nsresult GetFileTokenForPath(const char16_t* platformAppPath,
+                                       nsIFile** aFile) override;
+
+ protected:
+  already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoBase> GetFromType(const nsCString& aMimeType);
+  already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoBase> GetFromExtension(const nsCString& aFileExt);
+
+ private:
+  // Helper methods which have to access static members
+  static nsresult UnescapeCommand(const nsAString& aEscapedCommand,
+                                  const nsAString& aMajorType,
+                                  const nsAString& aMinorType,
+                                  nsACString& aUnEscapedCommand);
+  static nsresult LookUpTypeAndDescription(const nsAString& aFileExtension,
+                                           nsAString& aMajorType,
+                                           nsAString& aMinorType,
+                                           nsAString& aDescription,
+                                           bool aUserData);
+  static nsresult CreateInputStream(const nsAString& aFilename,
+                                    nsIFileInputStream** aFileInputStream,
+                                    nsILineInputStream** aLineInputStream,
+                                    nsACString& aBuffer, bool* aNetscapeFormat,
+                                    bool* aMore);
+
+  static nsresult GetTypeAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile(
+      const nsAString& aFilename, const nsAString& aFileExtension,
+      nsAString& aMajorType, nsAString& aMinorType, nsAString& aDescription);
+
+  static nsresult LookUpExtensionsAndDescription(const nsAString& aMajorType,
+                                                 const nsAString& aMinorType,
+                                                 nsAString& aFileExtensions,
+                                                 nsAString& aDescription);
+
+  static nsresult GetExtensionsAndDescriptionFromMimetypesFile(
+      const nsAString& aFilename, const nsAString& aMajorType,
+      const nsAString& aMinorType, nsAString& aFileExtensions,
+      nsAString& aDescription);
+
+  static nsresult ParseNetscapeMIMETypesEntry(
+      const nsAString& aEntry, nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeStart,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeEnd,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeStart,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeEnd, nsAString& aExtensions,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aDescriptionStart,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aDescriptionEnd);
+
+  static nsresult ParseNormalMIMETypesEntry(
+      const nsAString& aEntry, nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeStart,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aMajorTypeEnd,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeStart,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aMinorTypeEnd, nsAString& aExtensions,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aDescriptionStart,
+      nsAString::const_iterator& aDescriptionEnd);
+
+  static nsresult LookUpHandlerAndDescription(const nsAString& aMajorType,
+                                              const nsAString& aMinorType,
+                                              nsAString& aHandler,
+                                              nsAString& aDescription,
+                                              nsAString& aMozillaFlags);
+
+  static nsresult DoLookUpHandlerAndDescription(const nsAString& aMajorType,
+                                                const nsAString& aMinorType,
+                                                nsAString& aHandler,
+                                                nsAString& aDescription,
+                                                nsAString& aMozillaFlags,
+                                                bool aUserData);
+
+  static nsresult GetHandlerAndDescriptionFromMailcapFile(
+      const nsAString& aFilename, const nsAString& aMajorType,
+      const nsAString& aMinorType, nsAString& aHandler, nsAString& aDescription,
+      nsAString& aMozillaFlags);
+};
+
+#endif  // nsOSHelperAppService_h__
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsMIMEInfoWin.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsMIMEInfoWin.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..758b2018a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsMIMEInfoWin.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,913 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsArrayEnumerator.h"
+#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
+#include "nsCOMArray.h"
+#include "nsLocalFile.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoWin.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEService.h"
+#include "nsNetUtil.h"
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <shellapi.h>
+#include "nsIMutableArray.h"
+#include "nsTArray.h"
+#include <shlobj.h>
+#include "nsIWindowsRegKey.h"
+#include "nsUnicharUtils.h"
+#include "nsTextToSubURI.h"
+#include "nsVariant.h"
+#include "mozilla/CmdLineAndEnvUtils.h"
+#include "mozilla/ShellHeaderOnlyUtils.h"
+#include "mozilla/StaticPrefs_browser.h"
+#include "mozilla/UrlmonHeaderOnlyUtils.h"
+#include "mozilla/UniquePtrExtensions.h"
+
+#define RUNDLL32_EXE L"\\rundll32.exe"
+
+NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS_INHERITED(nsMIMEInfoWin, nsMIMEInfoBase, nsIPropertyBag)
+
+nsMIMEInfoWin::~nsMIMEInfoWin() {}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoWin::LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  // Launch the file, unless it is an executable.
+  bool executable = true;
+  aFile->IsExecutable(&executable);
+  if (executable) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  return aFile->Launch();
+}
+
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoWin::ShellExecuteWithIFile(nsIFile* aExecutable, int aArgc,
+                                              const wchar_t** aArgv) {
+  nsresult rv;
+
+  NS_ASSERTION(aArgc >= 1, "aArgc must be at least 1");
+
+  nsAutoString execPath;
+  rv = aExecutable->GetTarget(execPath);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv) || execPath.IsEmpty()) {
+    rv = aExecutable->GetPath(execPath);
+  }
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  auto assembledArgs = mozilla::MakeCommandLine(aArgc, aArgv);
+  if (!assembledArgs) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FILE_EXECUTION_FAILED;
+  }
+
+  _bstr_t execPathBStr(execPath.get());
+  // Pass VT_ERROR/DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND to omit an optional RPC parameter
+  // to execute a file with the default verb.
+  _variant_t verbDefault(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
+  _variant_t workingDir;
+  _variant_t showCmd(SW_SHOWNORMAL);
+
+  // Ask Explorer to ShellExecute on our behalf, as some applications such as
+  // Skype for Business do not start correctly when inheriting our process's
+  // migitation policies.
+  // It does not work in a special environment such as Citrix.  In such a case
+  // we fall back to launching an application as a child process.  We need to
+  // find a way to handle the combination of these interop issues.
+  mozilla::LauncherVoidResult shellExecuteOk = mozilla::ShellExecuteByExplorer(
+      execPathBStr, assembledArgs.get(), verbDefault, workingDir, showCmd);
+  if (shellExecuteOk.isErr()) {
+    // No need to pass assembledArgs to LaunchWithIProcess.  aArgv will be
+    // processed in nsProcess::RunProcess.
+    return LaunchWithIProcess(aExecutable, aArgc,
+                              reinterpret_cast<const char16_t**>(aArgv));
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoWin::LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) {
+  nsresult rv;
+
+  // it doesn't make any sense to call this on protocol handlers
+  NS_ASSERTION(mClass == eMIMEInfo,
+               "nsMIMEInfoBase should have mClass == eMIMEInfo");
+
+  if (AutomationOnlyCheckIfLaunchStubbed(aFile)) {
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  if (mPreferredAction == useSystemDefault) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApp = GetDefaultApplication();
+    if (defaultApp &&
+        mozilla::StaticPrefs::browser_pdf_launchDefaultEdgeAsApp()) {
+      // Since Edgium is the default handler for PDF and other kinds of files,
+      // if we're using the OS default and it's Edgium prefer its app mode so it
+      // operates as a viewer (without browser toolbars). Bug 1632277.
+      nsAutoCString defaultAppExecutable;
+      rv = defaultApp->GetNativeLeafName(defaultAppExecutable);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) &&
+          defaultAppExecutable.LowerCaseEqualsLiteral("msedge.exe")) {
+        nsAutoString path;
+        rv = aFile->GetPath(path);
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+          // If the --app flag doesn't work we'll want to fallback to a
+          // regular path. Send two args so we call `msedge.exe --app={path}
+          // {path}`.
+          nsAutoString appArg;
+          appArg.AppendLiteral("--app=");
+          appArg.Append(path);
+          const wchar_t* argv[] = {appArg.get(), path.get()};
+
+          return ShellExecuteWithIFile(defaultApp, mozilla::ArrayLength(argv),
+                                       argv);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return LaunchDefaultWithFile(aFile);
+  }
+
+  if (mPreferredAction == useHelperApp) {
+    if (!mPreferredApplication) return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+
+    // at the moment, we only know how to hand files off to local handlers
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp> localHandler =
+        do_QueryInterface(mPreferredApplication, &rv);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> executable;
+    rv = localHandler->GetExecutable(getter_AddRefs(executable));
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    // Deal with local dll based handlers
+    nsCString filename;
+    executable->GetNativeLeafName(filename);
+    if (filename.Length() > 4) {
+      nsCString extension(Substring(filename, filename.Length() - 4, 4));
+
+      if (extension.LowerCaseEqualsLiteral(".dll")) {
+        nsAutoString args;
+
+        // executable is rundll32, everything else is a list of parameters,
+        // including the dll handler.
+        if (!GetDllLaunchInfo(executable, aFile, args, false))
+          return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+
+        WCHAR rundll32Path[MAX_PATH + sizeof(RUNDLL32_EXE) / sizeof(WCHAR) +
+                           1] = {L'\0'};
+        if (!GetSystemDirectoryW(rundll32Path, MAX_PATH)) {
+          return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        lstrcatW(rundll32Path, RUNDLL32_EXE);
+
+        SHELLEXECUTEINFOW seinfo;
+        memset(&seinfo, 0, sizeof(seinfo));
+        seinfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFOW);
+        seinfo.fMask = 0;
+        seinfo.hwnd = nullptr;
+        seinfo.lpVerb = nullptr;
+        seinfo.lpFile = rundll32Path;
+        seinfo.lpParameters = args.get();
+        seinfo.lpDirectory = nullptr;
+        seinfo.nShow = SW_SHOWNORMAL;
+        if (ShellExecuteExW(&seinfo)) return NS_OK;
+
+        switch ((LONG_PTR)seinfo.hInstApp) {
+          case 0:
+          case SE_ERR_OOM:
+            return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+          case SE_ERR_ACCESSDENIED:
+            return NS_ERROR_FILE_ACCESS_DENIED;
+          case SE_ERR_ASSOCINCOMPLETE:
+          case SE_ERR_NOASSOC:
+            return NS_ERROR_UNEXPECTED;
+          case SE_ERR_DDEBUSY:
+          case SE_ERR_DDEFAIL:
+          case SE_ERR_DDETIMEOUT:
+            return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+          case SE_ERR_DLLNOTFOUND:
+            return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+          case SE_ERR_SHARE:
+            return NS_ERROR_FILE_IS_LOCKED;
+          default:
+            switch (GetLastError()) {
+              case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
+                return NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+              case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
+                return NS_ERROR_FILE_UNRECOGNIZED_PATH;
+              case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT:
+                return NS_ERROR_FILE_CORRUPTED;
+            }
+        }
+        return NS_ERROR_FILE_EXECUTION_FAILED;
+      }
+    }
+    nsAutoString path;
+    aFile->GetPath(path);
+    const wchar_t* argv[] = {path.get()};
+    return ShellExecuteWithIFile(executable, mozilla::ArrayLength(argv), argv);
+  }
+
+  return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoWin::GetHasDefaultHandler(bool* _retval) {
+  // We have a default application if we have a description
+  // We can ShellExecute anything; however, callers are probably interested if
+  // there is really an application associated with this type of file
+  *_retval = !mDefaultAppDescription.IsEmpty();
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoWin::GetEnumerator(nsISimpleEnumerator** _retval) {
+  nsCOMArray<nsIVariant> properties;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIVariant> variant;
+  GetProperty(u"defaultApplicationIconURL"_ns, getter_AddRefs(variant));
+  if (variant) properties.AppendObject(variant);
+
+  GetProperty(u"customApplicationIconURL"_ns, getter_AddRefs(variant));
+  if (variant) properties.AppendObject(variant);
+
+  return NS_NewArrayEnumerator(_retval, properties, NS_GET_IID(nsIVariant));
+}
+
+static nsresult GetIconURLVariant(nsIFile* aApplication, nsIVariant** _retval) {
+  nsAutoCString fileURLSpec;
+  NS_GetURLSpecFromFile(aApplication, fileURLSpec);
+  nsAutoCString iconURLSpec;
+  iconURLSpec.AssignLiteral("moz-icon://");
+  iconURLSpec += fileURLSpec;
+  RefPtr<nsVariant> writable(new nsVariant());
+  writable->SetAsAUTF8String(iconURLSpec);
+  writable.forget(_retval);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoWin::GetProperty(const nsAString& aName, nsIVariant** _retval) {
+  nsresult rv;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApp = GetDefaultApplication();
+  if (defaultApp && aName.EqualsLiteral(PROPERTY_DEFAULT_APP_ICON_URL)) {
+    rv = GetIconURLVariant(defaultApp, _retval);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  } else if (mPreferredApplication &&
+             aName.EqualsLiteral(PROPERTY_CUSTOM_APP_ICON_URL)) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp> localHandler =
+        do_QueryInterface(mPreferredApplication, &rv);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> executable;
+    rv = localHandler->GetExecutable(getter_AddRefs(executable));
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+    rv = GetIconURLVariant(executable, _retval);
+    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+// this implementation was pretty much copied verbatime from
+// Tony Robinson's code in nsExternalProtocolWin.cpp
+nsresult nsMIMEInfoWin::LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURL) {
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+
+  // 1. Find the default app for this protocol
+  // 2. Set up the command line
+  // 3. Launch the app.
+
+  // For now, we'll just cheat essentially, check for the command line
+  // then just call ShellExecute()!
+
+  if (aURL) {
+    // extract the url spec from the url
+    nsAutoCString urlSpec;
+    aURL->GetAsciiSpec(urlSpec);
+
+    // Unescape non-ASCII characters in the URL
+    nsAutoString utf16Spec;
+    if (NS_FAILED(nsTextToSubURI::UnEscapeNonAsciiURI("UTF-8"_ns, urlSpec,
+                                                      utf16Spec))) {
+      CopyASCIItoUTF16(urlSpec, utf16Spec);
+    }
+
+    // Ask the shell/urlmon to parse |utf16Spec| to avoid malformed URLs.
+    // Failure is indicative of a potential security issue so we should
+    // bail out if so.
+    mozilla::LauncherResult<_bstr_t> validatedUri =
+        mozilla::UrlmonValidateUri(utf16Spec.get());
+    if (validatedUri.isErr()) {
+      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+    }
+
+    _variant_t args;
+    _variant_t verb(L"open");
+    _variant_t workingDir;
+    _variant_t showCmd(SW_SHOWNORMAL);
+
+    // To open a uri, we first try ShellExecuteByExplorer, which starts a new
+    // process as a child process of explorer.exe, because applications may not
+    // support the mitigation policies inherited from our process.  If it fails,
+    // we fall back to ShellExecuteExW.
+    //
+    // For Thunderbird, however, there is a known issue that
+    // ShellExecuteByExplorer succeeds but explorer.exe shows an error popup
+    // if a uri to open includes credentials.  This does not happen in Firefox
+    // because Firefox does not have to launch a process to open a uri.
+    //
+    // Since Thunderbird does not use mitigation policies which could cause
+    // compatibility issues, we get no benefit from using
+    // ShellExecuteByExplorer.  Thus we skip it and go straight to
+    // ShellExecuteExW for Thunderbird.
+#ifndef MOZ_THUNDERBIRD
+    mozilla::LauncherVoidResult shellExecuteOk =
+        mozilla::ShellExecuteByExplorer(validatedUri.inspect(), args, verb,
+                                        workingDir, showCmd);
+    if (shellExecuteOk.isOk()) {
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+#endif  // MOZ_THUNDERBIRD
+
+    SHELLEXECUTEINFOW sinfo = {sizeof(sinfo)};
+    sinfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOASYNC;
+    sinfo.lpVerb = V_BSTR(&verb);
+    sinfo.nShow = showCmd;
+    sinfo.lpFile = validatedUri.inspect();
+
+    BOOL result = ShellExecuteExW(&sinfo);
+    if (!result || reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(sinfo.hInstApp) < 32) {
+      rv = NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return rv;
+}
+
+void nsMIMEInfoWin::UpdateDefaultInfoIfStale() {
+  if (!mIsDefaultAppInfoFresh) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIMIMEService> mime = do_GetService("@mozilla.org/mime;1");
+    if (mime) {
+      mime->UpdateDefaultAppInfo(static_cast<nsIMIMEInfo*>(this));
+    }
+    mIsDefaultAppInfoFresh = true;
+  }
+}
+
+// Given a path to a local file, return its nsILocalHandlerApp instance.
+bool nsMIMEInfoWin::GetLocalHandlerApp(const nsAString& aCommandHandler,
+                                       nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp>& aApp) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> locfile;
+  nsresult rv = NS_NewLocalFile(aCommandHandler, true, getter_AddRefs(locfile));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return false;
+
+  aApp = do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/uriloader/local-handler-app;1");
+  if (!aApp) return false;
+
+  aApp->SetExecutable(locfile);
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Return the cleaned up file path associated with a command verb
+// located in root/Applications.
+bool nsMIMEInfoWin::GetAppsVerbCommandHandler(const nsAString& appExeName,
+                                              nsAString& applicationPath,
+                                              bool edit) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> appKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!appKey) return false;
+
+  // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\iexplore.exe
+  nsAutoString applicationsPath;
+  applicationsPath.AppendLiteral("Applications\\");
+  applicationsPath.Append(appExeName);
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      appKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, applicationsPath,
+                   nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return false;
+
+  // Check for the NoOpenWith flag, if it exists
+  uint32_t value;
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(appKey->ReadIntValue(u"NoOpenWith"_ns, &value)) &&
+      value == 1)
+    return false;
+
+  nsAutoString dummy;
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(appKey->ReadStringValue(u"NoOpenWith"_ns, dummy)))
+    return false;
+
+  appKey->Close();
+
+  // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\iexplore.exe\shell\open\command
+  applicationsPath.AssignLiteral("Applications\\");
+  applicationsPath.Append(appExeName);
+  if (!edit)
+    applicationsPath.AppendLiteral("\\shell\\open\\command");
+  else
+    applicationsPath.AppendLiteral("\\shell\\edit\\command");
+
+  rv = appKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, applicationsPath,
+                    nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return false;
+
+  nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(appKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, appFilesystemCommand))) {
+    // Expand environment vars, clean up any misc.
+    if (!nsLocalFile::CleanupCmdHandlerPath(appFilesystemCommand)) return false;
+
+    applicationPath = appFilesystemCommand;
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Return a fully populated command string based on
+// passing information. Used in launchWithFile to trace
+// back to the full handler path based on the dll.
+// (dll, targetfile, return args, open/edit)
+bool nsMIMEInfoWin::GetDllLaunchInfo(nsIFile* aDll, nsIFile* aFile,
+                                     nsAString& args, bool edit) {
+  if (!aDll || !aFile) return false;
+
+  nsString appExeName;
+  aDll->GetLeafName(appExeName);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> appKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!appKey) return false;
+
+  // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\iexplore.exe
+  nsAutoString applicationsPath;
+  applicationsPath.AppendLiteral("Applications\\");
+  applicationsPath.Append(appExeName);
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      appKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, applicationsPath,
+                   nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return false;
+
+  // Check for the NoOpenWith flag, if it exists
+  uint32_t value;
+  rv = appKey->ReadIntValue(u"NoOpenWith"_ns, &value);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv) && value == 1) return false;
+
+  nsAutoString dummy;
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(appKey->ReadStringValue(u"NoOpenWith"_ns, dummy)))
+    return false;
+
+  appKey->Close();
+
+  // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\iexplore.exe\shell\open\command
+  applicationsPath.AssignLiteral("Applications\\");
+  applicationsPath.Append(appExeName);
+  if (!edit)
+    applicationsPath.AppendLiteral("\\shell\\open\\command");
+  else
+    applicationsPath.AppendLiteral("\\shell\\edit\\command");
+
+  rv = appKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, applicationsPath,
+                    nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return false;
+
+  nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(appKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, appFilesystemCommand))) {
+    // Replace embedded environment variables.
+    uint32_t bufLength =
+        ::ExpandEnvironmentStringsW(appFilesystemCommand.get(), nullptr, 0);
+    if (bufLength == 0)  // Error
+      return false;
+
+    auto destination = mozilla::MakeUniqueFallible<wchar_t[]>(bufLength);
+    if (!destination) return false;
+    if (!::ExpandEnvironmentStringsW(appFilesystemCommand.get(),
+                                     destination.get(), bufLength))
+      return false;
+
+    appFilesystemCommand.Assign(destination.get());
+
+    // C:\Windows\System32\rundll32.exe "C:\Program Files\Windows
+    // Photo Gallery\PhotoViewer.dll", ImageView_Fullscreen %1
+    nsAutoString params;
+    constexpr auto rundllSegment = u"rundll32.exe "_ns;
+    int32_t index = appFilesystemCommand.Find(rundllSegment);
+    if (index > kNotFound) {
+      params.Append(
+          Substring(appFilesystemCommand, index + rundllSegment.Length()));
+    } else {
+      params.Append(appFilesystemCommand);
+    }
+
+    // check to make sure we have a %1 and fill it
+    constexpr auto percentOneParam = u"%1"_ns;
+    index = params.Find(percentOneParam);
+    if (index == kNotFound)  // no parameter
+      return false;
+
+    nsString target;
+    aFile->GetTarget(target);
+    params.Replace(index, 2, target);
+
+    args = params;
+
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Return the cleaned up file path associated with a progid command
+// verb located in root.
+bool nsMIMEInfoWin::GetProgIDVerbCommandHandler(const nsAString& appProgIDName,
+                                                nsAString& applicationPath,
+                                                bool edit) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> appKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!appKey) return false;
+
+  nsAutoString appProgId(appProgIDName);
+
+  // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Windows.XPSReachViewer\shell\open\command
+  if (!edit)
+    appProgId.AppendLiteral("\\shell\\open\\command");
+  else
+    appProgId.AppendLiteral("\\shell\\edit\\command");
+
+  nsresult rv = appKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, appProgId,
+                             nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return false;
+
+  nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(appKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, appFilesystemCommand))) {
+    // Expand environment vars, clean up any misc.
+    if (!nsLocalFile::CleanupCmdHandlerPath(appFilesystemCommand)) return false;
+
+    applicationPath = appFilesystemCommand;
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Helper routine used in tracking app lists. Converts path
+// entries to lower case and stores them in the trackList array.
+void nsMIMEInfoWin::ProcessPath(nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray>& appList,
+                                nsTArray<nsString>& trackList,
+                                const nsAString& appFilesystemCommand) {
+  nsAutoString lower(appFilesystemCommand);
+  ToLowerCase(lower);
+
+  // Don't include firefox.exe in the list
+  WCHAR exe[MAX_PATH + 1];
+  uint32_t len = GetModuleFileNameW(nullptr, exe, MAX_PATH);
+  if (len < MAX_PATH && len != 0) {
+    int32_t index = lower.Find(reinterpret_cast<const char16_t*>(exe));
+    if (index != -1) return;
+  }
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp> aApp;
+  if (!GetLocalHandlerApp(appFilesystemCommand, aApp)) return;
+
+  // Save in our main tracking arrays
+  appList->AppendElement(aApp);
+  trackList.AppendElement(lower);
+}
+
+// Helper routine that handles a compare between a path
+// and an array of paths.
+static bool IsPathInList(nsAString& appPath, nsTArray<nsString>& trackList) {
+  // trackList data is always lowercase, see ProcessPath
+  // above.
+  nsAutoString tmp(appPath);
+  ToLowerCase(tmp);
+
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < trackList.Length(); i++) {
+    if (tmp.Equals(trackList[i])) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns a list of nsILocalHandlerApp objects containing local
+ * handlers associated with this mimeinfo. Implemented per
+ * platform using information in this object to generate the
+ * best list. Typically used for an "open with" style user
+ * option.
+ *
+ * @return nsIArray of nsILocalHandlerApp
+ */
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoWin::GetPossibleLocalHandlers(nsIArray** _retval) {
+  nsresult rv;
+
+  *_retval = nullptr;
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray> appList = do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/array;1");
+
+  if (!appList) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  nsTArray<nsString> trackList;
+
+  nsAutoCString fileExt;
+  GetPrimaryExtension(fileExt);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> regKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!regKey) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> appKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!appKey) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  nsAutoString workingRegistryPath;
+
+  bool extKnown = false;
+  if (fileExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    extKnown = true;
+    // Mime type discovery is possible in some cases, through
+    // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\MIME\Database\Content Type, however, a number
+    // of file extensions related to mime type are simply not defined,
+    // (application/rss+xml & application/atom+xml are good examples)
+    // in which case we can only provide a generic list.
+    nsAutoCString mimeType;
+    GetMIMEType(mimeType);
+    if (!mimeType.IsEmpty()) {
+      workingRegistryPath.AppendLiteral("MIME\\Database\\Content Type\\");
+      workingRegistryPath.Append(NS_ConvertASCIItoUTF16(mimeType));
+
+      rv = regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                        workingRegistryPath,
+                        nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+        nsAutoString mimeFileExt;
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, mimeFileExt))) {
+          CopyUTF16toUTF8(mimeFileExt, fileExt);
+          extKnown = false;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  nsAutoString fileExtToUse;
+  if (!fileExt.IsEmpty() && fileExt.First() != '.') {
+    fileExtToUse = char16_t('.');
+  }
+  fileExtToUse.Append(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(fileExt));
+
+  // Note, the order in which these occur has an effect on the
+  // validity of the resulting display list.
+
+  if (!extKnown) {
+    // 1) Get the default handler if it exists
+    workingRegistryPath = fileExtToUse;
+
+    rv =
+        regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                     workingRegistryPath, nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      nsAutoString appProgId;
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, appProgId))) {
+        // Bug 358297 - ignore the embedded internet explorer handler
+        if (appProgId != u"XPSViewer.Document"_ns) {
+          nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+          if (GetProgIDVerbCommandHandler(appProgId, appFilesystemCommand,
+                                          false) &&
+              !IsPathInList(appFilesystemCommand, trackList)) {
+            ProcessPath(appList, trackList, appFilesystemCommand);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      regKey->Close();
+    }
+
+    // 2) list HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.ext\OpenWithList
+
+    workingRegistryPath = fileExtToUse;
+    workingRegistryPath.AppendLiteral("\\OpenWithList");
+
+    rv =
+        regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                     workingRegistryPath, nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      uint32_t count = 0;
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->GetValueCount(&count)) && count > 0) {
+        for (uint32_t index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+          nsAutoString appName;
+          if (NS_FAILED(regKey->GetValueName(index, appName))) continue;
+
+          // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\firefox.exe = "path params"
+          nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+          if (!GetAppsVerbCommandHandler(appName, appFilesystemCommand,
+                                         false) ||
+              IsPathInList(appFilesystemCommand, trackList))
+            continue;
+          ProcessPath(appList, trackList, appFilesystemCommand);
+        }
+      }
+      regKey->Close();
+    }
+
+    // 3) List HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.ext\OpenWithProgids, with the
+    // different step of resolving the progids for the command handler.
+
+    workingRegistryPath = fileExtToUse;
+    workingRegistryPath.AppendLiteral("\\OpenWithProgids");
+
+    rv =
+        regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                     workingRegistryPath, nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      uint32_t count = 0;
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->GetValueCount(&count)) && count > 0) {
+        for (uint32_t index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+          // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.ext\OpenWithProgids\Windows.XPSReachViewer
+          nsAutoString appProgId;
+          if (NS_FAILED(regKey->GetValueName(index, appProgId))) continue;
+
+          nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+          if (!GetProgIDVerbCommandHandler(appProgId, appFilesystemCommand,
+                                           false) ||
+              IsPathInList(appFilesystemCommand, trackList))
+            continue;
+          ProcessPath(appList, trackList, appFilesystemCommand);
+        }
+      }
+      regKey->Close();
+    }
+
+    // 4) Add any non configured applications located in the MRU list
+
+    // HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
+    // \Explorer\FileExts\.ext\OpenWithList
+    workingRegistryPath = nsLiteralString(
+        u"Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\FileExts\\");
+    workingRegistryPath += fileExtToUse;
+    workingRegistryPath.AppendLiteral("\\OpenWithList");
+
+    rv =
+        regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CURRENT_USER,
+                     workingRegistryPath, nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      uint32_t count = 0;
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->GetValueCount(&count)) && count > 0) {
+        for (uint32_t index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+          nsAutoString appName, appValue;
+          if (NS_FAILED(regKey->GetValueName(index, appName))) continue;
+          if (appName.EqualsLiteral("MRUList")) continue;
+          if (NS_FAILED(regKey->ReadStringValue(appName, appValue))) continue;
+
+          // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\firefox.exe = "path params"
+          nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+          if (!GetAppsVerbCommandHandler(appValue, appFilesystemCommand,
+                                         false) ||
+              IsPathInList(appFilesystemCommand, trackList))
+            continue;
+          ProcessPath(appList, trackList, appFilesystemCommand);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // 5) Add any non configured progids in the MRU list, with the
+    // different step of resolving the progids for the command handler.
+
+    // HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
+    // \Explorer\FileExts\.ext\OpenWithProgids
+    workingRegistryPath = nsLiteralString(
+        u"Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\FileExts\\");
+    workingRegistryPath += fileExtToUse;
+    workingRegistryPath.AppendLiteral("\\OpenWithProgids");
+
+    regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CURRENT_USER, workingRegistryPath,
+                 nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      uint32_t count = 0;
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->GetValueCount(&count)) && count > 0) {
+        for (uint32_t index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+          nsAutoString appIndex, appProgId;
+          if (NS_FAILED(regKey->GetValueName(index, appProgId))) continue;
+
+          nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+          if (!GetProgIDVerbCommandHandler(appProgId, appFilesystemCommand,
+                                           false) ||
+              IsPathInList(appFilesystemCommand, trackList))
+            continue;
+          ProcessPath(appList, trackList, appFilesystemCommand);
+        }
+      }
+      regKey->Close();
+    }
+
+    // 6) Check the perceived type value, and use this to lookup the
+    // perceivedtype open with list.
+    // http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa969373.aspx
+
+    workingRegistryPath = fileExtToUse;
+
+    regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, workingRegistryPath,
+                 nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+      nsAutoString perceivedType;
+      rv = regKey->ReadStringValue(u"PerceivedType"_ns, perceivedType);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+        nsAutoString openWithListPath(u"SystemFileAssociations\\"_ns);
+        openWithListPath.Append(perceivedType);  // no period
+        openWithListPath.AppendLiteral("\\OpenWithList");
+
+        nsresult rv = appKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                                   openWithListPath,
+                                   nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+        if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+          uint32_t count = 0;
+          if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->GetValueCount(&count)) && count > 0) {
+            for (uint32_t index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+              nsAutoString appName;
+              if (NS_FAILED(regKey->GetValueName(index, appName))) continue;
+
+              // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\firefox.exe = "path params"
+              nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+              if (!GetAppsVerbCommandHandler(appName, appFilesystemCommand,
+                                             false) ||
+                  IsPathInList(appFilesystemCommand, trackList))
+                continue;
+              ProcessPath(appList, trackList, appFilesystemCommand);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }  // extKnown == false
+
+  // 7) list global HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\OpenWithList
+  // Listing general purpose handlers, not specific to a mime type or file
+  // extension
+
+  workingRegistryPath = u"*\\OpenWithList"_ns;
+
+  rv = regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                    workingRegistryPath, nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    uint32_t count = 0;
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->GetValueCount(&count)) && count > 0) {
+      for (uint32_t index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+        nsAutoString appName;
+        if (NS_FAILED(regKey->GetValueName(index, appName))) continue;
+
+        // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\firefox.exe = "path params"
+        nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+        if (!GetAppsVerbCommandHandler(appName, appFilesystemCommand, false) ||
+            IsPathInList(appFilesystemCommand, trackList))
+          continue;
+        ProcessPath(appList, trackList, appFilesystemCommand);
+      }
+    }
+    regKey->Close();
+  }
+
+  // 8) General application's list - not file extension specific on windows
+  workingRegistryPath = u"Applications"_ns;
+
+  rv =
+      regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, workingRegistryPath,
+                   nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS |
+                       nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+    uint32_t count = 0;
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(regKey->GetChildCount(&count)) && count > 0) {
+      for (uint32_t index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+        nsAutoString appName;
+        if (NS_FAILED(regKey->GetChildName(index, appName))) continue;
+
+        // HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Applications\firefox.exe = "path params"
+        nsAutoString appFilesystemCommand;
+        if (!GetAppsVerbCommandHandler(appName, appFilesystemCommand, false) ||
+            IsPathInList(appFilesystemCommand, trackList))
+          continue;
+        ProcessPath(appList, trackList, appFilesystemCommand);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Return to the caller
+  *_retval = appList;
+  NS_ADDREF(*_retval);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsMIMEInfoWin::IsCurrentAppOSDefault(bool* _retval) {
+  *_retval = false;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApp = GetDefaultApplication();
+  if (defaultApp) {
+    // Determine if the default executable is our executable.
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> ourBinary;
+    XRE_GetBinaryPath(getter_AddRefs(ourBinary));
+    bool isSame = false;
+    nsresult rv = defaultApp->Equals(ourBinary, &isSame);
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+      return rv;
+    }
+    *_retval = isSame;
+  }
+  return NS_OK;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsMIMEInfoWin.h b/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsMIMEInfoWin.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fa972b23a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsMIMEInfoWin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsMIMEInfoWin_h_
+#define nsMIMEInfoWin_h_
+
+#include "nsMIMEInfoImpl.h"
+#include "nsIPropertyBag.h"
+#include "nsIMutableArray.h"
+#include "nsTArray.h"
+
+class nsMIMEInfoWin : public nsMIMEInfoBase, public nsIPropertyBag {
+  virtual ~nsMIMEInfoWin();
+
+ public:
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoWin(const char* aType = "") : nsMIMEInfoBase(aType) {}
+  explicit nsMIMEInfoWin(const nsACString& aMIMEType)
+      : nsMIMEInfoBase(aMIMEType) {}
+  nsMIMEInfoWin(const nsACString& aType, HandlerClass aClass)
+      : nsMIMEInfoBase(aType, aClass) {}
+
+  NS_IMETHOD LaunchWithFile(nsIFile* aFile) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetHasDefaultHandler(bool* _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetPossibleLocalHandlers(nsIArray** _retval) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefault(bool* _retval) override;
+
+  void UpdateDefaultInfoIfStale();
+
+  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS_INHERITED
+  NS_DECL_NSIPROPERTYBAG
+
+  void SetDefaultApplicationHandler(nsIFile* aDefaultApplication) {
+    mDefaultApplication = aDefaultApplication;
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  nsIFile* GetDefaultApplication() {
+    UpdateDefaultInfoIfStale();
+    return mDefaultApplication;
+  }
+
+  virtual nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURI);
+  virtual nsresult LaunchDefaultWithFile(nsIFile* aFile);
+
+ private:
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> mDefaultApplication;
+
+  // Given a path to a local handler, return its
+  // nsILocalHandlerApp instance.
+  bool GetLocalHandlerApp(const nsAString& aCommandHandler,
+                          nsCOMPtr<nsILocalHandlerApp>& aApp);
+
+  // Return the cleaned up file path associated
+  // with a command verb located in root/Applications.
+  bool GetAppsVerbCommandHandler(const nsAString& appExeName,
+                                 nsAString& applicationPath, bool bEdit);
+
+  // Return the cleaned up file path associated
+  // with a progid command verb located in root.
+  bool GetProgIDVerbCommandHandler(const nsAString& appProgIDName,
+                                   nsAString& applicationPath, bool bEdit);
+
+  // Lookup a rundll command handler and return
+  // a populated command template for use with rundll32.exe.
+  bool GetDllLaunchInfo(nsIFile* aDll, nsIFile* aFile, nsAString& args,
+                        bool bEdit);
+
+  // Helper routine used in tracking app lists
+  void ProcessPath(nsCOMPtr<nsIMutableArray>& appList,
+                   nsTArray<nsString>& trackList,
+                   const nsAString& appFilesystemCommand);
+
+  // Helper routine to call mozilla::ShellExecuteByExplorer
+  nsresult ShellExecuteWithIFile(nsIFile* aExecutable, int aArgc,
+                                 const wchar_t** aArgv);
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp b/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d23dd758d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsOSHelperAppService.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,612 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * vim:set ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 et cin:
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
+#include "nsOSHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsISupports.h"
+#include "nsString.h"
+#include "nsIMIMEInfo.h"
+#include "nsMIMEInfoWin.h"
+#include "nsMimeTypes.h"
+#include "nsNativeCharsetUtils.h"
+#include "nsLocalFile.h"
+#include "nsIWindowsRegKey.h"
+#include "nsXULAppAPI.h"
+#include "mozilla/UniquePtrExtensions.h"
+#include "mozilla/WindowsVersion.h"
+
+// shellapi.h is needed to build with WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#include <shellapi.h>
+#include <shlwapi.h>
+
+#define LOG(...) MOZ_LOG(sLog, mozilla::LogLevel::Debug, (__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// helper methods: forward declarations...
+static nsresult GetExtensionFromWindowsMimeDatabase(const nsACString& aMimeType,
+                                                    nsString& aFileExtension);
+
+nsOSHelperAppService::nsOSHelperAppService()
+    : nsExternalHelperAppService(), mAppAssoc(nullptr) {
+  CoInitialize(nullptr);
+  CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ApplicationAssociationRegistration, nullptr,
+                   CLSCTX_INPROC, IID_IApplicationAssociationRegistration,
+                   (void**)&mAppAssoc);
+}
+
+nsOSHelperAppService::~nsOSHelperAppService() {
+  if (mAppAssoc) mAppAssoc->Release();
+  mAppAssoc = nullptr;
+  CoUninitialize();
+}
+
+// The windows registry provides a mime database key which lists a set of mime
+// types and corresponding "Extension" values. we can use this to look up our
+// mime type to see if there is a preferred extension for the mime type.
+static nsresult GetExtensionFromWindowsMimeDatabase(const nsACString& aMimeType,
+                                                    nsString& aFileExtension) {
+  nsAutoString mimeDatabaseKey;
+  mimeDatabaseKey.AssignLiteral("MIME\\Database\\Content Type\\");
+
+  AppendASCIItoUTF16(aMimeType, mimeDatabaseKey);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> regKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!regKey) return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, mimeDatabaseKey,
+                   nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv))
+    regKey->ReadStringValue(u"Extension"_ns, aFileExtension);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::OSProtocolHandlerExists(
+    const char* aProtocolScheme, bool* aHandlerExists) {
+  // look up the protocol scheme in the windows registry....if we find a match
+  // then we have a handler for it...
+  *aHandlerExists = false;
+  if (aProtocolScheme && *aProtocolScheme) {
+    NS_ENSURE_TRUE(mAppAssoc, NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE);
+    wchar_t* pResult = nullptr;
+    NS_ConvertASCIItoUTF16 scheme(aProtocolScheme);
+    // We are responsible for freeing returned strings.
+    HRESULT hr = mAppAssoc->QueryCurrentDefault(scheme.get(), AT_URLPROTOCOL,
+                                                AL_EFFECTIVE, &pResult);
+    if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
+      CoTaskMemFree(pResult);
+      nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> regKey =
+          do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+      if (!regKey) {
+        return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+      }
+
+      nsresult rv = regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                                 nsDependentString(scheme.get()),
+                                 nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+      if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+        // Open will fail if the registry key path doesn't exist.
+        return NS_OK;
+      }
+
+      bool hasValue;
+      rv = regKey->HasValue(u"URL Protocol"_ns, &hasValue);
+      if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+      }
+      if (!hasValue) {
+        return NS_OK;
+      }
+
+      *aHandlerExists = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsOSHelperAppService::GetApplicationDescription(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, nsAString& _retval) {
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> regKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!regKey) return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+  NS_ConvertASCIItoUTF16 buf(aScheme);
+
+  if (mozilla::IsWin8OrLater()) {
+    wchar_t result[1024];
+    DWORD resultSize = 1024;
+    HRESULT hr = AssocQueryString(0x1000 /* ASSOCF_IS_PROTOCOL */,
+                                  ASSOCSTR_FRIENDLYAPPNAME, buf.get(), NULL,
+                                  result, &resultSize);
+    if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
+      _retval = result;
+      return NS_OK;
+    }
+  }
+
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(mAppAssoc, NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE);
+  wchar_t* pResult = nullptr;
+  // We are responsible for freeing returned strings.
+  HRESULT hr = mAppAssoc->QueryCurrentDefault(buf.get(), AT_URLPROTOCOL,
+                                              AL_EFFECTIVE, &pResult);
+  if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> app;
+    nsAutoString appInfo(pResult);
+    CoTaskMemFree(pResult);
+    if (NS_SUCCEEDED(GetDefaultAppInfo(appInfo, _retval, getter_AddRefs(app))))
+      return NS_OK;
+  }
+  return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP nsOSHelperAppService::IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(
+    const nsACString& aScheme, bool* _retval) {
+  *_retval = false;
+
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(mAppAssoc, NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE);
+
+  NS_ConvertASCIItoUTF16 buf(aScheme);
+
+  // Find the progID
+  wchar_t* pResult = nullptr;
+  HRESULT hr = mAppAssoc->QueryCurrentDefault(buf.get(), AT_URLPROTOCOL,
+                                              AL_EFFECTIVE, &pResult);
+  if (FAILED(hr)) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+  nsAutoString progID(pResult);
+  // We are responsible for freeing returned strings.
+  CoTaskMemFree(pResult);
+
+  // Find the default executable.
+  nsAutoString description;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> appFile;
+  nsresult rv = GetDefaultAppInfo(progID, description, getter_AddRefs(appFile));
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+  // Determine if the default executable is our executable.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> ourBinary;
+  XRE_GetBinaryPath(getter_AddRefs(ourBinary));
+  bool isSame = false;
+  rv = appFile->Equals(ourBinary, &isSame);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    return rv;
+  }
+  *_retval = isSame;
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+// GetMIMEInfoFromRegistry: This function obtains the values of some of the
+// nsIMIMEInfo attributes for the mimeType/extension associated with the input
+// registry key.  The default entry for that key is the name of a registry key
+// under HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT.  The default value for *that* key is the descriptive
+// name of the type.  The EditFlags value is a binary value; the low order bit
+// of the third byte of which indicates that the user does not need to be
+// prompted.
+//
+// This function sets only the Description attribute of the input nsIMIMEInfo.
+/* static */
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetMIMEInfoFromRegistry(const nsString& fileType,
+                                                       nsIMIMEInfo* pInfo) {
+  nsresult rv = NS_OK;
+
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG(pInfo);
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> regKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!regKey) return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+
+  rv = regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, fileType,
+                    nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  // OK, the default value here is the description of the type.
+  nsAutoString description;
+  rv = regKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, description);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) pInfo->SetDescription(description);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// method overrides used to gather information from the windows registry for
+// various mime types.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+/// Looks up the type for the extension aExt and compares it to aType
+/* static */
+bool nsOSHelperAppService::typeFromExtEquals(const char16_t* aExt,
+                                             const char* aType) {
+  if (!aType) return false;
+  nsAutoString fileExtToUse;
+  if (aExt[0] != char16_t('.')) fileExtToUse = char16_t('.');
+
+  fileExtToUse.Append(aExt);
+
+  bool eq = false;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> regKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!regKey) return eq;
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, fileExtToUse,
+                   nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return eq;
+
+  nsAutoString type;
+  rv = regKey->ReadStringValue(u"Content Type"_ns, type);
+  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) eq = type.LowerCaseEqualsASCII(aType);
+
+  return eq;
+}
+
+// The "real" name of a given helper app (as specified by the path to the
+// executable file held in various registry keys) is stored n the VERSIONINFO
+// block in the file's resources. We need to find the path to the executable
+// and then retrieve the "FileDescription" field value from the file.
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::GetDefaultAppInfo(
+    const nsAString& aAppInfo, nsAString& aDefaultDescription,
+    nsIFile** aDefaultApplication) {
+  nsAutoString handlerCommand;
+
+  // If all else fails, use the file type key name, which will be
+  // something like "pngfile" for .pngs, "WMVFile" for .wmvs, etc.
+  aDefaultDescription = aAppInfo;
+  *aDefaultApplication = nullptr;
+
+  if (aAppInfo.IsEmpty()) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  // aAppInfo may be a file, file path, program id, or
+  // Applications reference -
+  // c:\dir\app.exe
+  // Applications\appfile.exe/dll (shell\open...)
+  // ProgID.progid (shell\open...)
+
+  nsAutoString handlerKeyName(aAppInfo);
+
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> chkKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!chkKey) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      chkKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, handlerKeyName,
+                   nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+    // It's a file system path to a handler
+    handlerCommand.Assign(aAppInfo);
+  } else {
+    handlerKeyName.AppendLiteral("\\shell\\open\\command");
+    nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> regKey =
+        do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+    if (!regKey) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+    nsresult rv =
+        regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, handlerKeyName,
+                     nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+
+    // OK, the default value here is the description of the type.
+    rv = regKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, handlerCommand);
+    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+      // Check if there is a DelegateExecute string
+      nsAutoString delegateExecute;
+      rv = regKey->ReadStringValue(u"DelegateExecute"_ns, delegateExecute);
+      NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+
+      // Look for InProcServer32
+      nsAutoString delegateExecuteRegPath;
+      delegateExecuteRegPath.AssignLiteral("CLSID\\");
+      delegateExecuteRegPath.Append(delegateExecute);
+      delegateExecuteRegPath.AppendLiteral("\\InProcServer32");
+      rv = chkKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                        delegateExecuteRegPath,
+                        nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+      if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
+        rv = chkKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, handlerCommand);
+      }
+
+      if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
+        // Look for LocalServer32
+        delegateExecuteRegPath.AssignLiteral("CLSID\\");
+        delegateExecuteRegPath.Append(delegateExecute);
+        delegateExecuteRegPath.AppendLiteral("\\LocalServer32");
+        rv = chkKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
+                          delegateExecuteRegPath,
+                          nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+        NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+        rv = chkKey->ReadStringValue(u""_ns, handlerCommand);
+        NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // XXX FIXME: If this fails, the UI will display the full command
+  // string.
+  // There are some rare cases this can happen - ["url.dll" -foo]
+  // for example won't resolve correctly to the system dir. The
+  // subsequent launch of the helper app will work though.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsILocalFileWin> lf = new nsLocalFile();
+  rv = lf->InitWithCommandLine(handlerCommand);
+  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
+  lf.forget(aDefaultApplication);
+
+  wchar_t friendlyName[1024];
+  DWORD friendlyNameSize = 1024;
+  HRESULT hr = AssocQueryString(ASSOCF_NONE, ASSOCSTR_FRIENDLYAPPNAME,
+                                PromiseFlatString(aAppInfo).get(), NULL,
+                                friendlyName, &friendlyNameSize);
+  if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && friendlyNameSize > 1) {
+    aDefaultDescription.Assign(friendlyName, friendlyNameSize - 1);
+  }
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoWin> nsOSHelperAppService::GetByExtension(
+    const nsString& aFileExt, const char* aTypeHint) {
+  if (aFileExt.IsEmpty()) return nullptr;
+
+  // Determine the mime type.
+  nsAutoCString typeToUse;
+  if (aTypeHint && *aTypeHint) {
+    typeToUse.Assign(aTypeHint);
+  } else if (!GetMIMETypeFromOSForExtension(NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(aFileExt),
+                                            typeToUse)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoWin> mimeInfo = new nsMIMEInfoWin(typeToUse);
+
+  // Our extension APIs expect extensions without the '.', so normalize:
+  uint32_t dotlessIndex = aFileExt.First() != char16_t('.') ? 0 : 1;
+  nsAutoCString lowerFileExt =
+      NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(Substring(aFileExt, dotlessIndex));
+  ToLowerCase(lowerFileExt);
+  mimeInfo->AppendExtension(lowerFileExt);
+  mimeInfo->SetPreferredAction(nsIMIMEInfo::saveToDisk);
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(InternalSetDefaultsOnMIME(mimeInfo))) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  return mimeInfo.forget();
+}
+
+nsresult nsOSHelperAppService::InternalSetDefaultsOnMIME(
+    nsMIMEInfoWin* aMIMEInfo) {
+  NS_ENSURE_ARG(aMIMEInfo);
+
+  nsAutoCString primaryExt;
+  aMIMEInfo->GetPrimaryExtension(primaryExt);
+
+  if (primaryExt.IsEmpty()) {
+    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  // windows registry assumes your file extension is going to include the '.',
+  // but our APIs don't have it, so add it:
+  nsAutoString assocType = NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16(primaryExt);
+  if (assocType.First() != char16_t('.')) {
+    assocType.Insert(char16_t('.'), 0);
+  }
+
+  nsAutoString appInfo;
+  bool found;
+
+  // Retrieve the default application for this extension
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(mAppAssoc, NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE);
+  wchar_t* pResult = nullptr;
+  HRESULT hr = mAppAssoc->QueryCurrentDefault(assocType.get(), AT_FILEEXTENSION,
+                                              AL_EFFECTIVE, &pResult);
+  if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
+    found = true;
+    appInfo.Assign(pResult);
+    CoTaskMemFree(pResult);
+  } else {
+    found = false;
+  }
+
+  // Bug 358297 - ignore the default handler, force the user to choose app
+  if (appInfo.EqualsLiteral("XPSViewer.Document")) found = false;
+
+  if (!found) {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  // Get other nsIMIMEInfo fields from registry, if possible.
+  nsAutoString defaultDescription;
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> defaultApplication;
+
+  if (NS_FAILED(GetDefaultAppInfo(appInfo, defaultDescription,
+                                  getter_AddRefs(defaultApplication)))) {
+    return NS_ERROR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+  }
+
+  aMIMEInfo->SetDefaultDescription(defaultDescription);
+  aMIMEInfo->SetDefaultApplicationHandler(defaultApplication);
+
+  // Grab the general description
+  GetMIMEInfoFromRegistry(appInfo, aMIMEInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                                        const nsACString& aFileExt,
+                                        bool* aFound, nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) {
+  *aFound = false;
+
+  const nsCString& flatType = PromiseFlatCString(aMIMEType);
+  nsAutoString fileExtension;
+  CopyUTF8toUTF16(aFileExt, fileExtension);
+
+  /* XXX The octet-stream check is a gross hack to wallpaper over the most
+   * common Win32 extension issues caused by the fix for bug 116938.  See bug
+   * 120327, comment 271 for why this is needed.  Not even sure we
+   * want to remove this once we have fixed all this stuff to work
+   * right; any info we get from the OS on this type is pretty much
+   * useless....
+   */
+  bool haveMeaningfulMimeType =
+      !aMIMEType.IsEmpty() &&
+      !aMIMEType.LowerCaseEqualsLiteral(APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
+  LOG("Extension lookup on '%S' with mimetype '%s'%s\n",
+      static_cast<const wchar_t*>(fileExtension.get()), flatType.get(),
+      haveMeaningfulMimeType ? " (treated as meaningful)" : "");
+
+  RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoWin> mi;
+
+  // We should have *something* to go on here.
+  nsAutoString extensionFromMimeType;
+  if (haveMeaningfulMimeType) {
+    GetExtensionFromWindowsMimeDatabase(aMIMEType, extensionFromMimeType);
+  }
+  if (fileExtension.IsEmpty() && extensionFromMimeType.IsEmpty()) {
+    // Without an extension from the mimetype or the file, we can't
+    // do anything here.
+    mi = new nsMIMEInfoWin(flatType.get());
+    mi.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // Either fileExtension or extensionFromMimeType must now be non-empty.
+
+  *aFound = true;
+
+  // On Windows, we prefer the file extension for lookups over the mimetype,
+  // because that's how windows does things.
+  // If we have no file extension or it doesn't match the mimetype, use the
+  // mime type's default file extension instead.
+  bool usedMimeTypeExtensionForLookup = false;
+  if (fileExtension.IsEmpty() ||
+      (!extensionFromMimeType.IsEmpty() &&
+       !typeFromExtEquals(fileExtension.get(), flatType.get()))) {
+    usedMimeTypeExtensionForLookup = true;
+    fileExtension = extensionFromMimeType;
+    LOG("Now using '%s' mimetype's default file extension '%S' for lookup\n",
+        flatType.get(), static_cast<const wchar_t*>(fileExtension.get()));
+  }
+
+  // If we have an extension, use it for lookup:
+  mi = GetByExtension(fileExtension, flatType.get());
+  LOG("Extension lookup on '%S' found: 0x%p\n",
+      static_cast<const wchar_t*>(fileExtension.get()), mi.get());
+
+  if (mi) {
+    bool hasDefault = false;
+    mi->GetHasDefaultHandler(&hasDefault);
+    // If we don't find a default handler description, see if we can find one
+    // using the mimetype.
+    if (!hasDefault && !usedMimeTypeExtensionForLookup) {
+      RefPtr<nsMIMEInfoWin> miFromMimeType =
+          GetByExtension(extensionFromMimeType, flatType.get());
+      LOG("Mime-based ext. lookup for '%S' found 0x%p\n",
+          static_cast<const wchar_t*>(extensionFromMimeType.get()),
+          miFromMimeType.get());
+      if (miFromMimeType) {
+        nsAutoString desc;
+        miFromMimeType->GetDefaultDescription(desc);
+        mi->SetDefaultDescription(desc);
+      }
+    }
+    mi.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  // The extension didn't work. Try the extension from the mimetype if
+  // different:
+  if (!extensionFromMimeType.IsEmpty() && !usedMimeTypeExtensionForLookup) {
+    mi = GetByExtension(extensionFromMimeType, flatType.get());
+    LOG("Mime-based ext. lookup for '%S' found 0x%p\n",
+        static_cast<const wchar_t*>(extensionFromMimeType.get()), mi.get());
+  }
+  if (mi) {
+    mi.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+  // This didn't work either, so just return an empty dummy mimeinfo.
+  *aFound = false;
+  mi = new nsMIMEInfoWin(flatType.get());
+  // If we didn't resort to the mime type's extension, we must have had a
+  // valid extension, so stick its lowercase version on the mime info.
+  if (!usedMimeTypeExtensionForLookup) {
+    nsAutoCString lowerFileExt;
+    ToLowerCase(aFileExt, lowerFileExt);
+    mi->AppendExtension(lowerFileExt);
+  }
+  mi.forget(aMIMEInfo);
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::UpdateDefaultAppInfo(nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo) {
+  InternalSetDefaultsOnMIME(static_cast<nsMIMEInfoWin*>(aMIMEInfo));
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+NS_IMETHODIMP
+nsOSHelperAppService::GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                                   bool* found,
+                                                   nsIHandlerInfo** _retval) {
+  NS_ASSERTION(!aScheme.IsEmpty(), "No scheme was specified!");
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      OSProtocolHandlerExists(nsPromiseFlatCString(aScheme).get(), found);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return rv;
+
+  nsMIMEInfoWin* handlerInfo =
+      new nsMIMEInfoWin(aScheme, nsMIMEInfoBase::eProtocolInfo);
+  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(handlerInfo, NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY);
+  NS_ADDREF(*_retval = handlerInfo);
+
+  if (!*found) {
+    // Code that calls this requires an object regardless if the OS has
+    // something for us, so we return the empty object.
+    return NS_OK;
+  }
+
+  nsAutoString desc;
+  GetApplicationDescription(aScheme, desc);
+  handlerInfo->SetDefaultDescription(desc);
+
+  return NS_OK;
+}
+
+bool nsOSHelperAppService::GetMIMETypeFromOSForExtension(
+    const nsACString& aExtension, nsACString& aMIMEType) {
+  if (aExtension.IsEmpty()) return false;
+
+  // windows registry assumes your file extension is going to include the '.'.
+  // so make sure it's there...
+  nsAutoString fileExtToUse;
+  if (aExtension.First() != '.') fileExtToUse = char16_t('.');
+
+  AppendUTF8toUTF16(aExtension, fileExtToUse);
+
+  // Try to get an entry from the windows registry.
+  nsCOMPtr<nsIWindowsRegKey> regKey =
+      do_CreateInstance("@mozilla.org/windows-registry-key;1");
+  if (!regKey) return false;
+
+  nsresult rv =
+      regKey->Open(nsIWindowsRegKey::ROOT_KEY_CLASSES_ROOT, fileExtToUse,
+                   nsIWindowsRegKey::ACCESS_QUERY_VALUE);
+  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) return false;
+
+  nsAutoString mimeType;
+  if (NS_FAILED(regKey->ReadStringValue(u"Content Type"_ns, mimeType)) ||
+      mimeType.IsEmpty()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  // Content-Type is always in ASCII
+  aMIMEType.Truncate();
+  LossyAppendUTF16toASCII(mimeType, aMIMEType);
+  return true;
+}
diff --git a/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsOSHelperAppService.h b/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsOSHelperAppService.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2bce86d5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uriloader/exthandler/win/nsOSHelperAppService.h
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 3; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+#ifndef nsOSHelperAppService_h__
+#define nsOSHelperAppService_h__
+
+// The OS helper app service is a subclass of nsExternalHelperAppService and is
+// implemented on each platform. It contains platform specific code for finding
+// helper applications for a given mime type in addition to launching those
+// applications.
+
+#include "nsExternalHelperAppService.h"
+#include "nsCExternalHandlerService.h"
+#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
+#  undef _WIN32_WINNT
+#endif
+#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0600
+#include <shlobj.h>
+
+class nsMIMEInfoWin;
+class nsIMIMEInfo;
+
+class nsOSHelperAppService : public nsExternalHelperAppService {
+ public:
+  nsOSHelperAppService();
+  virtual ~nsOSHelperAppService();
+
+  // override nsIExternalProtocolService methods
+  NS_IMETHOD OSProtocolHandlerExists(const char* aProtocolScheme,
+                                     bool* aHandlerExists) override;
+  nsresult LoadUriInternal(nsIURI* aURL);
+  NS_IMETHOD GetApplicationDescription(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                       nsAString& _retval) override;
+
+  NS_IMETHOD IsCurrentAppOSDefaultForProtocol(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                              bool* _retval) override;
+
+  // method overrides for windows registry look up steps....
+  NS_IMETHOD GetMIMEInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aMIMEType,
+                               const nsACString& aFileExt, bool* aFound,
+                               nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD UpdateDefaultAppInfo(nsIMIMEInfo* aMIMEInfo) override;
+  NS_IMETHOD GetProtocolHandlerInfoFromOS(const nsACString& aScheme,
+                                          bool* found,
+                                          nsIHandlerInfo** _retval);
+  virtual bool GetMIMETypeFromOSForExtension(const nsACString& aExtension,
+                                             nsACString& aMIMEType) override;
+
+  /** Get the string value of a registry value and store it in result.
+   * @return true on success, false on failure
+   */
+  static bool GetValueString(HKEY hKey, const char16_t* pValueName,
+                             nsAString& result);
+
+ protected:
+  nsresult GetDefaultAppInfo(const nsAString& aTypeName,
+                             nsAString& aDefaultDescription,
+                             nsIFile** aDefaultApplication);
+  // Lookup a mime info by extension, using an optional type hint
+  already_AddRefed<nsMIMEInfoWin> GetByExtension(
+      const nsString& aFileExt, const char* aTypeHint = nullptr);
+  nsresult InternalSetDefaultsOnMIME(nsMIMEInfoWin* aMIMEInfo);
+  nsresult FindOSMimeInfoForType(const char* aMimeContentType, nsIURI* aURI,
+                                 char** aFileExtension,
+                                 nsIMIMEInfo** aMIMEInfo);
+
+  static nsresult GetMIMEInfoFromRegistry(const nsString& fileType,
+                                          nsIMIMEInfo* pInfo);
+  /// Looks up the type for the extension aExt and compares it to aType
+  static bool typeFromExtEquals(const char16_t* aExt, const char* aType);
+
+ private:
+  IApplicationAssociationRegistration* mAppAssoc;
+};
+
+#endif  // nsOSHelperAppService_h__