Adding upstream version 5.6.0.upstream/5.6.0upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

42 files changed, 5986 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/modules/policy/.packaging/test.config b/modules/policy/.packaging/test.config
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60c9ddc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/.packaging/test.config
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+-- SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+modules.load('policy')
+assert(policy)
+quit()
diff --git a/modules/policy/README.rst b/modules/policy/README.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..202aaba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/README.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,774 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+.. default-domain:: py
+.. module:: policy
+
+.. _mod-policy:
+
+
+Query policies
+==============
+
+This module can block, rewrite, or alter inbound queries based on user-defined policies. It does not affect queries generated by the resolver itself, e.g. when following CNAME chains etc.
+
+Each policy *rule* has two parts: a *filter* and an *action*. A *filter* selects which queries will be affected by the policy, and *action* which modifies queries matching the associated filter.
+
+Typically a rule is defined as follows: ``filter(action(action parameters), filter parameters)``. For example, a filter can be ``suffix`` which matches queries whose suffix part is in specified set, and one of possible actions is :any:`policy.DENY`, which denies resolution. These are combined together into ``policy.suffix(policy.DENY, {todname('badguy.example.')})``. The rule is effective when it is added into rule table using ``policy.add()``, please see examples below.
+
+This module is enabled by default because it implements mandatory :rfc:`6761` logic.
+When no rule applies to a query, built-in rules for `special-use <https://www.iana.org/assignments/special-use-domain-names/special-use-domain-names.xhtml>`_ and `locally-served <http://www.iana.org/assignments/locally-served-dns-zones>`_ domain names are applied.
+These rules can be overridden by action :any:`policy.PASS`.  For debugging purposes you can also add ``modules.unload('policy')`` to your config to unload the module.
+
+
+Filters
+-------
+A *filter* selects which queries will be affected by specified Actions_. There are several policy filters available in the ``policy.`` table:
+
+.. function:: all(action)
+
+   Always applies the action.
+
+.. function:: pattern(action, pattern)
+
+   Applies the action if query name matches a `Lua regular expression <http://lua-users.org/wiki/PatternsTutorial>`_.
+
+.. function:: suffix(action, suffix_table)
+
+   Applies the action if query name suffix matches one of suffixes in the table (useful for "is domain in zone" rules).
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      policy.add(policy.suffix(policy.DENY, policy.todnames({'example.com', 'example.net'})))
+
+.. note:: For speed this filter requires domain names in DNS wire format, not textual representation, so each label in the name must be prefixed with its length. Always use convenience function :func:`policy.todnames` for automatic conversion from strings! For example:
+
+.. _IDN:
+
+.. note:: Non-ASCII is not supported.
+
+   Knot Resolver does not provide any convenience support for IDN.
+   Therefore everywhere (all configuration, logs, RPZ files) you need to deal with the
+   `xn\-\- forms <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalized_domain_name#Example_of_IDNA_encoding>`_
+   of domain name labels, instead of directly using unicode characters.
+
+.. function:: domains(action, domain_table)
+
+   Like :func:`policy.suffix` match, but the queried name must match exactly, not just its suffix.
+
+.. function:: suffix_common(action, suffix_table[, common_suffix])
+
+  :param action: action if the pattern matches query name
+  :param suffix_table: table of valid suffixes
+  :param common_suffix: common suffix of entries in suffix_table
+
+  Like :func:`policy.suffix` match, but you can also provide a common suffix of all matches for faster processing (nil otherwise).
+  This function is faster for small suffix tables (in the order of "hundreds").
+
+.. :noindex: function:: rpz(default_action, path, [watch])
+
+   Implements a subset of `Response Policy Zone` (RPZ_) stored in zonefile format.  See below for details: :func:`policy.rpz`.
+
+It is also possible to define custom filter function with any name.
+
+.. function:: custom_filter(state, query)
+
+   :param state: Request processing state :c:type:`kr_layer_state`, typically not used by filter function.
+   :param query: Incoming DNS query as :c:type:`kr_query` structure.
+   :return: An `action <#actions>`_ function or ``nil`` if filter did not match.
+
+   Typically filter function is generated by another function, which allows easy parametrization - this technique is called `closure <https://www.lua.org/pil/6.1.html>`_. An practical example of such filter generator is:
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+
+   function match_query_type(action, target_qtype)
+       return function (state, query)
+           if query.stype == target_qtype then
+               -- filter matched the query, return action function
+               return action
+           else
+               -- filter did not match, continue with next filter
+               return nil
+           end
+       end
+   end
+
+This custom filter can be used as any other built-in filter.
+For example this applies our custom filter and executes action :any:`policy.DENY` on all queries of type `HINFO`:
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+
+   -- custom filter which matches HINFO queries, action is policy.DENY
+   policy.add(match_query_type(policy.DENY, kres.type.HINFO))
+
+
+.. _mod-policy-actions:
+
+Actions
+-------
+An *action* is a function which modifies DNS request, and is either of type *chain* or *non-chain*:
+
+  * `Non-chain actions`_ modify state of the request and stop rule processing. An example of such action is :ref:`forwarding`.
+  * `Chain actions`_ modify state of the request and allow other rules to evaluate and act on the same request. One such example is :func:`policy.MIRROR`.
+
+Non-chain actions
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Following actions stop the policy matching on the query, i.e. other rules are not evaluated once rule with following actions matches:
+
+.. py:attribute:: PASS
+
+   Let the query pass through; it's useful to make exceptions before wider rules. For example:
+
+   More specific whitelist rule must precede generic blacklist rule:
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+    -- Whitelist 'good.example.com'
+    policy.add(policy.pattern(policy.PASS, todname('good.example.com.')))
+    -- Block all names below example.com
+    policy.add(policy.suffix(policy.DENY, {todname('example.com.')}))
+
+.. py:attribute:: DENY
+
+   Deny existence of names matching filter, i.e. reply NXDOMAIN authoritatively.
+
+.. function:: DENY_MSG(message, [extended_error=kres.extended_error.BLOCKED])
+
+   Deny existence of a given domain and add explanatory message. NXDOMAIN reply
+   contains an additional explanatory message as TXT record in the additional
+   section.
+
+   You may override the extended DNS error to provide the user with more
+   information. By default, ``BLOCKED`` is returned to indicate the domain is
+   blocked due to the internal policy of the operator. Other suitable error
+   codes are ``CENSORED`` (for externally imposed policy reasons) or
+   ``FILTERED`` (for blocking requested by the client). For more information,
+   please refer to :rfc:`8914`.
+
+.. py:attribute:: DROP
+
+   Terminate query resolution and return SERVFAIL to the requestor.
+
+.. py:attribute:: REFUSE
+
+   Terminate query resolution and return REFUSED to the requestor.
+
+.. py:attribute:: NO_ANSWER
+
+   Terminate query resolution and do not return any answer to the requestor.
+
+   .. warning:: During normal operation, an answer should always be returned.
+      Deliberate query drops are indistinguishable from packet loss and may
+      cause problems as described in :rfc:`8906`. Only use :any:`NO_ANSWER`
+      on very specific occasions, e.g. as a defense mechanism during an attack,
+      and prefer other actions (e.g. :any:`DROP` or :any:`REFUSE`) for normal
+      operation.
+
+.. py:attribute:: TC
+
+   Force requestor to use TCP. It sets truncated bit (*TC*) in response to true if the request came through UDP, which will force standard-compliant clients to retry the request over TCP.
+
+.. function:: REROUTE({subnet = target, ...})
+
+   Reroute IP addresses in response matching given subnet to given target, e.g. ``{['192.0.2.0/24'] = '127.0.0.0'}`` will rewrite '192.0.2.55' to '127.0.0.55', see :ref:`renumber module <mod-renumber>` for more information. See :func:`policy.add` and do not forget to specify that this is *postrule*. Quick example:
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      -- this policy is enforced on answers
+      -- therefore we have to use 'postrule'
+      -- (the "true" at the end of policy.add)
+      policy.add(policy.all(policy.REROUTE({['192.0.2.0/24'] = '127.0.0.0'})), true)
+
+.. function:: ANSWER({ type = { rdata=data, [ttl=1] } }, [nodata=false])
+
+   Overwrite Resource Records in responses with specified values.
+
+      * type
+        - RR type to be replaced, e.g. ``[kres.type.A]`` or `numeric value <https://www.iana.org/assignments/dns-parameters/dns-parameters.xhtml#dns-parameters-4>`_.
+      * rdata
+        - RR data in DNS wire format, i.e. binary form specific for given RR type. Set of multiple RRs can be specified as table ``{ rdata1, rdata2, ... }``. Use helper function :func:`kres.str2ip` to generate wire format for A and AAAA records. Wire format for other record types can be generated with :func:`kres.parse_rdata`.
+      * ttl
+        - TTL in seconds. Default: 1 second.
+      * nodata
+        - If type requested by client is not configured in this policy:
+
+          - ``true``: Return empty answer (`NODATA`).
+          - ``false``: Ignore this policy and continue processing other rules.
+
+          Default: ``false``.
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      -- policy to change IPv4 address and TTL for example.com
+      policy.add(
+          policy.domains(
+              policy.ANSWER(
+                  { [kres.type.A] = { rdata=kres.str2ip('192.0.2.7'), ttl=300 } }
+              ), { todname('example.com') }))
+      -- policy to generate two TXT records (specified in binary format) for example.net
+      policy.add(
+          policy.domains(
+              policy.ANSWER(
+                  { [kres.type.TXT] = { rdata={'\005first', '\006second'}, ttl=5 } }
+              ), { todname('example.net') }))
+
+
+   .. function:: kres.parse_rdata({str, ...})
+
+      Parse string representation of RTYPE and RDATA into RDATA wire format. Expects
+      a table of string(s) and returns a table of wire data.
+
+      .. code-block:: lua
+
+         -- create wire format RDATA that can be passed to policy.ANSWER
+         kres.parse_rdata({'SVCB 1 resolver.example. alpn=dot'})
+         kres.parse_rdata({
+            'SVCB 1 resolver.example. alpn=dot ipv4hint=192.0.2.1 ipv6hint=2001:db8::1',
+            'SVCB 2 resolver.example. mandatory=key65380 alpn=h2 key65380=/dns-query{?dns}',
+         })
+
+More complex non-chain actions are described in their own chapters, namely:
+
+  * :ref:`forwarding`
+  * `Response Policy Zones`_
+
+Chain actions
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Following actions act on request and then processing continue until first non-chain action (specified in the previous section) is triggered:
+
+.. function:: MIRROR(ip_address)
+
+   Send copy of incoming DNS queries to a given IP address using DNS-over-UDP and continue resolving them as usual. This is useful for sanity testing new versions of DNS resolvers.
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      policy.add(policy.all(policy.MIRROR('127.0.0.2')))
+
+.. function:: FLAGS(set, clear)
+
+   Set and/or clear some flags for the query.  There can be multiple flags to set/clear.  You can just pass a single flag name (string) or a set of names. Flag names correspond to :c:type:`kr_qflags` structure.  Use only if you know what you are doing.
+
+
+.. _mod-policy-logging:
+
+Actions for extra logging
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+These are also "chain" actions, i.e. they don't stop processing the policy rule list.
+Similarly to other actions, they apply during whole processing of the client's request,
+i.e. including any sub-queries.
+
+The log lines from these policy actions are tagged by extra ``[reqdbg]`` prefix,
+and they are produced regardless of your :func:`log_level()` setting.
+They are marked as ``debug`` level, so e.g. with journalctl command you can use ``-p info`` to skip them.
+
+.. warning::  Beware of producing too much logs.
+
+   These actions are not suitable for use on a large fraction of resolver's requests.
+   The extra logs have significant performance impact and might also overload your logging system
+   (or get rate-limited by it).
+   You can use `Filters`_ to further limit on which requests this happens.
+
+.. py:attribute:: DEBUG_ALWAYS
+
+   Print debug-level logging for this request.
+   That also includes messages from client (:any:`REQTRACE`), upstream servers (:any:`QTRACE`), and stats about interesting records at the end.
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      -- debug requests that ask for flaky.example.net or below
+      policy.add(policy.suffix(policy.DEBUG_ALWAYS,
+          policy.todnames({'flaky.example.net'})))
+
+.. py:attribute:: DEBUG_CACHE_MISS
+
+   Same as :any:`DEBUG_ALWAYS` but only if the request required information which was not available locally, i.e. requests which forced resolver to ask upstream server(s).
+   Intended usage is for debugging problems with remote servers.
+
+.. py:function:: DEBUG_IF(test_function)
+
+   :param test_function: Function with single argument of type :c:type:`kr_request` which returns ``true`` if debug logs for that request should be generated and ``false`` otherwise.
+
+   Same as :any:`DEBUG_ALWAYS` but only logs if the test_function says so.
+
+   .. note:: ``test_function`` is evaluated only when request is finished.
+        As a result all debug logs this request must be collected,
+        and at the end they get either printed or thrown away.
+
+   Example usage which gathers verbose logs for all requests in subtree ``dnssec-failed.org.`` and prints debug logs for those finishing in a different state than ``kres.DONE`` (most importantly ``kres.FAIL``, see :c:type:`kr_layer_state`).
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      policy.add(policy.suffix(
+          policy.DEBUG_IF(function(req)
+                              return (req.state ~= kres.DONE)
+                          end),
+          policy.todnames({'dnssec-failed.org.'})))
+
+.. py:attribute:: QTRACE
+
+   Pretty-print DNS responses from upstream servers (or cache) into logs.
+   It's useful for debugging weird DNS servers.
+
+   If you do not use ``QTRACE`` in combination with ``DEBUG*``,
+   you additionally need either ``log_groups({'iterat'})`` (possibly with other groups)
+   or ``log_level('debug')`` to see the output in logs.
+
+.. py:attribute:: REQTRACE
+
+   Pretty-print DNS requests from clients into the verbose log. It's useful for debugging weird DNS clients.
+   It makes most sense together with :ref:`mod-view` (enabling per-client)
+   and probably with verbose logging those request (e.g. use :any:`DEBUG_ALWAYS` instead).
+
+.. py:attribute:: IPTRACE
+
+   Log how the request arrived.
+   Most notably, this includes the client's IP address, so beware of privacy implications.
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+        -- example usage in configuration
+        policy.add(policy.all(policy.IPTRACE))
+        -- you might want to combine it with some other logs, e.g.
+        policy.add(policy.all(policy.DEBUG_ALWAYS))
+
+   .. code-block:: text
+
+        -- example log lines from IPTRACE:
+        [reqdbg][policy][57517.00] request packet arrived from ::1#37931 to ::1#00853 (TCP + TLS)
+        [reqdbg][policy][65538.00] request packet arrived internally
+
+
+Custom actions
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. function:: custom_action(state, request)
+
+   :param state: Request processing state :c:type:`kr_layer_state`.
+   :param request: Current DNS request as :c:type:`kr_request` structure.
+   :return: Returning a new :c:type:`kr_layer_state` prevents evaluating other policy rules. Returning ``nil`` creates a `chain action <#actions>`_ and allows to continue evaluating other rules.
+
+   This is real example of an action function:
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+
+   -- Custom action which generates fake A record
+   local ffi = require('ffi')
+   local function fake_A_record(state, req)
+       local answer = req:ensure_answer()
+       if answer == nil then return nil end
+       local qry = req:current()
+       if qry.stype ~= kres.type.A then
+           return state
+       end
+       ffi.C.kr_pkt_make_auth_header(answer)
+       answer:rcode(kres.rcode.NOERROR)
+       answer:begin(kres.section.ANSWER)
+       answer:put(qry.sname, 900, answer:qclass(), kres.type.A, '\192\168\1\3')
+       return kres.DONE
+   end
+
+This custom action can be used as any other built-in action.
+For example this applies our *fake A record action* and executes it on all queries in subtree ``example.net``:
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+
+   policy.add(policy.suffix(fake_A_record, policy.todnames({'example.net'})))
+
+The action function can implement arbitrary logic so it is possible to implement complex heuristics, e.g. to deflect `Slow drip DNS attacks <https://secure64.com/water-torture-slow-drip-dns-ddos-attack>`_ or gray-list resolution of misbehaving zones.
+
+.. warning:: The policy module currently only looks at whole DNS requests.  The rules won't be re-applied e.g. when following CNAMEs.
+
+.. _forwarding:
+
+Forwarding
+----------
+
+Forwarding action alters behavior for cache-miss events. If an information is missing in the local cache the resolver will *forward* the query to *another DNS resolver* for resolution (instead of contacting authoritative servers directly). DNS answers from the remote resolver are then processed locally and sent back to the original client.
+
+Actions :func:`policy.FORWARD`, :func:`policy.TLS_FORWARD` and :func:`policy.STUB` accept up to four IP addresses at once and the resolver will automatically select IP address which statistically responds the fastest.
+
+.. function:: FORWARD(ip_address)
+              FORWARD({ ip_address, [ip_address, ...] })
+
+   Forward cache-miss queries to specified IP addresses (without encryption), DNSSEC validate received answers and cache them. Target IP addresses are expected to be DNS resolvers.
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      -- Forward all queries to public resolvers https://www.nic.cz/odvr
+      policy.add(policy.all(
+         policy.FORWARD(
+             {'2001:148f:fffe::1', '2001:148f:ffff::1',
+              '185.43.135.1', '193.14.47.1'})))
+
+   A variant which uses encrypted DNS-over-TLS transport is called :func:`policy.TLS_FORWARD`, please see section :ref:`tls-forwarding`.
+
+.. function:: STUB(ip_address)
+              STUB({ ip_address, [ip_address, ...] })
+
+   Similar to :func:`policy.FORWARD` but *without* attempting DNSSEC validation.
+   Each request may be either answered from cache or simply sent to one of the IPs with proxying back the answer.
+
+   This mode does not support encryption and should be used only for `Replacing part of the DNS tree`_.
+   Use :func:`policy.FORWARD` mode if possible.
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      -- Answers for reverse queries about the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet
+      -- are to be obtained from IP address 192.0.2.1 port 5353
+      -- This disables DNSSEC validation!
+      policy.add(policy.suffix(
+          policy.STUB('192.0.2.1@5353'),
+          {todname('1.168.192.in-addr.arpa')}))
+
+.. note:: By default, forwarding targets must support
+   `EDNS <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extension_mechanisms_for_DNS>`_ and
+   `0x20 randomization <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vixie-dnsext-dns0x20-00>`_.
+   See example in `Replacing part of the DNS tree`_.
+
+.. warning::
+   Limiting forwarding actions by filters (e.g. :func:`policy.suffix`) may have unexpected consequences.
+   Notably, forwarders can inject *any* records into your cache
+   even if you "restrict" them to an insignificant DNS subtree --
+   except in cases where DNSSEC validation applies, of course.
+
+   The behavior is probably best understood through the fact
+   that filters and actions are completely decoupled.
+   The forwarding actions have no clue about why they were executed,
+   e.g. that the user wanted to restrict the forwarder only to some subtree.
+   The action just selects some set of forwarders to process this whole request from the client,
+   and during that processing it might need some other "sub-queries" (e.g. for validation).
+   Some of those might not've passed the intended filter,
+   but policy rule-set only applies once per client's request.
+
+.. _tls-forwarding:
+
+Forwarding over TLS protocol (DNS-over-TLS)
+-------------------------------------------
+.. function:: TLS_FORWARD( { {ip_address, authentication}, [...] } )
+
+   Same as :func:`policy.FORWARD` but send query over DNS-over-TLS protocol (encrypted).
+   Each target IP address needs explicit configuration how to validate
+   TLS certificate so each IP address is configured by pair:
+   ``{ip_address, authentication}``. See sections below for more details.
+
+
+Policy :func:`policy.TLS_FORWARD` allows you to forward queries using `Transport Layer Security`_ protocol, which hides the content of your queries from an attacker observing the network traffic. Further details about this protocol can be found in :rfc:`7858` and `IETF draft dprive-dtls-and-tls-profiles`_.
+
+Queries affected by :func:`policy.TLS_FORWARD` will always be resolved over TLS connection. Knot Resolver does not implement fallback to non-TLS connection, so if TLS connection cannot be established or authenticated according to the configuration, the resolution will fail.
+
+To test this feature you need to either :ref:`configure Knot Resolver as DNS-over-TLS server <tls-server-config>`, or pick some public DNS-over-TLS server. Please see `DNS Privacy Project`_ homepage for list of public servers.
+
+.. note:: Some public DNS-over-TLS providers may apply rate-limiting which
+   makes their service incompatible with Knot Resolver's TLS forwarding.
+   Notably, `Google Public DNS
+   <https://developers.google.com/speed/public-dns/docs/dns-over-tls>`_ doesn't
+   work as of 2019-07-10.
+
+When multiple servers are specified, the one with the lowest round-trip time is used.
+
+CA+hostname authentication
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Traditional PKI authentication requires server to present certificate with specified hostname, which is issued by one of trusted CAs. Example policy is:
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+
+   policy.TLS_FORWARD({
+       {'2001:DB8::d0c', hostname='res.example.com'}})
+
+- ``hostname`` must be a valid domain name matching server's certificate.  It will also be sent to the server as SNI_.
+- ``ca_file`` optionally contains a path to a CA certificate (or certificate bundle) in `PEM format`_.
+  If you omit that, the system CA certificate store will be used instead (usually sufficient).
+  A list of paths is also accepted, but all of them must be valid PEMs.
+
+Key-pinned authentication
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Instead of CAs, you can specify hashes of accepted certificates in ``pin_sha256``.
+They are in the usual format -- base64 from sha256.
+You may still specify ``hostname`` if you want SNI_ to be sent.
+
+.. _tls-examples:
+
+TLS Examples
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+
+   modules = { 'policy' }
+   -- forward all queries over TLS to the specified server
+   policy.add(policy.all(policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'192.0.2.1', pin_sha256='YQ=='}})))
+   -- for brevity, other TLS examples omit policy.add(policy.all())
+   -- single server authenticated using its certificate pin_sha256
+   policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'192.0.2.1', pin_sha256='YQ=='}})  -- pin_sha256 is base64-encoded
+   -- single server authenticated using hostname and system-wide CA certificates
+   policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'192.0.2.1', hostname='res.example.com'}})
+   -- single server using non-standard port
+   policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'192.0.2.1@443', pin_sha256='YQ=='}})  -- use @ or # to specify port
+   -- single server with multiple valid pins (e.g. anycast)
+   policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'192.0.2.1', pin_sha256={'YQ==', 'Wg=='}})
+   -- multiple servers, each with own authenticator
+   policy.TLS_FORWARD({ -- please note that { here starts list of servers
+       {'192.0.2.1', pin_sha256='Wg=='},
+       -- server must present certificate issued by specified CA and hostname must match
+       {'2001:DB8::d0c', hostname='res.example.com', ca_file='/etc/knot-resolver/tlsca.crt'}
+   })
+
+Forwarding to multiple targets
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+With the use of :func:`policy.slice` function, it is possible to split the
+entire DNS namespace into distinct slices. When used in conjunction with
+:func:`policy.TLS_FORWARD`, it's possible to forward different queries to
+different targets.
+
+.. function:: slice(slice_func, action[, action[, ...])
+
+  :param slice_func: slicing function that returns index based on query
+  :param action: action to be performed for the slice
+
+  This function splits the entire domain space into multiple slices (determined
+  by the number of provided ``actions``). A ``slice_func`` is called to determine
+  which slice a query belongs to. The corresponding ``action`` is then executed.
+
+
+.. function:: slice_randomize_psl(seed = os.time() / (3600 * 24 * 7))
+
+  :param seed: seed for random assignment
+
+  The function initializes and returns a slicing function, which
+  deterministically assigns ``query`` to a slice based on the query name.
+
+  It utilizes the `Public Suffix List`_ to ensure domains under the same
+  registrable domain end up in a single slice. (see example below)
+
+  ``seed`` can be used to re-shuffle the slicing algorithm when the slicing
+  function is initialized. By default, the assignment is re-shuffled after one
+  week (when resolver restart / reloads config). To force a stable
+  distribution, pass a fixed value. To re-shuffle on every resolver restart,
+  use ``os.time()``.
+
+  The following example demonstrates a distribution among 3 slices::
+
+    slice 1/3:
+    example.com
+    a.example.com
+    b.example.com
+    x.b.example.com
+    example3.com
+
+    slice 2/3:
+    example2.co.uk
+
+    slice 3/3:
+    example.co.uk
+    a.example.co.uk
+
+These two functions can be used together to forward queries for names
+in different parts of DNS name space to different target servers:
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+
+   policy.add(policy.slice(
+       policy.slice_randomize_psl(),
+       policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'192.0.2.1', hostname='res.example.com'}}),
+       policy.TLS_FORWARD({
+           -- multiple servers can be specified for a single slice
+           -- the one with lowest round-trip time will be used
+           {'193.17.47.1', hostname='odvr.nic.cz'},
+           {'185.43.135.1', hostname='odvr.nic.cz'},
+       })
+   ))
+
+.. note:: The privacy implications of using this feature aren't clear. Since
+   websites often make requests to multiple domains, these might be forwarded
+   to different targets. This could result in decreased privacy (e.g. when the
+   remote targets are both logging or otherwise processing your DNS traffic).
+   The intended use-case is to use this feature with semi-trusted resolvers
+   which claim to do no logging (such as those listed on `dnsprivacy.org
+   <https://dnsprivacy.org/wiki/display/DP/DNS+Privacy+Test+Servers>`_), to
+   decrease the potential exposure of your DNS data to a malicious resolver
+   operator.
+
+.. _dns-graft:
+
+Replacing part of the DNS tree
+------------------------------
+
+Following procedure applies only to domains which have different content
+publicly and internally. For example this applies to "your own" top-level domain
+``example.`` which does not exist in the public (global) DNS namespace.
+
+Dealing with these internal-only domains requires extra configuration because
+DNS was designed as "single namespace" and local modifications like adding
+your own TLD break this assumption.
+
+.. warning:: Use of internal names which are not delegated from the public DNS
+             *is causing technical problems* with caching and DNSSEC validation
+             and generally makes DNS operation more costly.
+             We recommend **against** using these non-delegated names.
+
+To make such internal domain available in your resolver it is necessary to
+*graft* your domain onto the public DNS namespace,
+but *grafting* creates new issues:
+
+These *grafted* domains will be rejected by DNSSEC validation
+because such domains are technically indistinguishable from an spoofing attack
+against the public DNS.
+Therefore, if you trust the remote resolver which hosts the internal-only domain,
+and you trust your link to it, you need to use the :func:`policy.STUB` policy
+instead of :func:`policy.FORWARD` to disable DNSSEC validation for those
+*grafted* domains.
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+   :caption: Example configuration grafting domains onto public DNS namespace
+
+   extraTrees = policy.todnames(
+       {'faketldtest.',
+        'sld.example.',
+        'internal.example.com.',
+        '2.0.192.in-addr.arpa.'  -- this applies to reverse DNS tree as well
+        })
+   -- Beware: the rule order is important, as policy.STUB is not a chain action.
+   -- Flags: for "dumb" targets disabling EDNS can help (below) as DNSSEC isn't
+   -- validated anyway; in some of those cases adding 'NO_0X20' can also help,
+   -- though it also lowers defenses against off-path attacks on communication
+   -- between the two servers.
+   -- With kresd <= 5.5.3 you also needed 'NO_CACHE' flag to avoid unintentional
+   -- NXDOMAINs that could sometimes happen due to aggressive DNSSEC caching.
+   policy.add(policy.suffix(policy.FLAGS({'NO_EDNS'}), extraTrees))
+   policy.add(policy.suffix(policy.STUB({'2001:db8::1'}), extraTrees))
+
+Response policy zones
+---------------------
+  .. warning::
+
+     There is no published Internet Standard for RPZ_ and implementations vary.
+     At the moment Knot Resolver supports limited subset of RPZ format and deviates
+     from implementation in BIND. Nevertheless it is good enough
+     for blocking large lists of spam or advertising domains.
+
+
+
+  The RPZ file format is basically a DNS zone file with *very special* semantics.
+  For example:
+
+  .. code-block:: none
+
+     ; left hand side          ; TTL and class  ; right hand side
+     ; encodes RPZ trigger     ; ignored        ; encodes action
+     ; (i.e. filter)
+     blocked.domain.example    600 IN           CNAME .           ; block main domain
+     *.blocked.domain.example  600 IN           CNAME .           ; block subdomains
+
+  The only "trigger" supported in Knot Resolver is query name,
+  i.e. left hand side must be a domain name which triggers the action specified
+  on the right hand side.
+
+  Subset of possible RPZ actions is supported, namely:
+
+  .. csv-table::
+   :header: "RPZ Right Hand Side", "Knot Resolver Action", "BIND Compatibility"
+
+   "``.``", "``action`` is used", "compatible if ``action`` is :any:`policy.DENY`"
+   "``*.``", ":func:`policy.ANSWER`", "yes"
+   "``rpz-passthru.``", ":any:`policy.PASS`", "yes"
+   "``rpz-tcp-only.``", ":any:`policy.TC`", "yes"
+   "``rpz-drop.``", ":any:`policy.DROP`", "no [#]_"
+   "fake A/AAAA", ":func:`policy.ANSWER`", "yes"
+   "fake CNAME", "not supported", "no"
+
+  .. [#] Our :any:`policy.DROP` returns *SERVFAIL* answer (for historical reasons).
+
+
+  .. note::
+
+     To debug which domains are affected by RPZ (or other policy actions), you can enable the ``policy`` log group:
+
+     .. code-block:: lua
+
+        log_groups({'policy'})
+
+     See also :ref:`non-ASCII support note <IDN>`.
+
+
+.. function:: rpz(action, path, [watch = true])
+
+  :param action: the default action for match in the zone; typically you want :any:`policy.DENY`
+  :param path: path to zone file
+  :param watch: boolean, if true, the file will be reloaded on file change
+
+  Enforce RPZ_ rules. This can be used in conjunction with published blocklist feeds.
+  The RPZ_ operation is well described in this `Jan-Piet Mens's post`_,
+  or the `Pro DNS and BIND`_ book.
+
+  For example, we can store the example snippet with domain ``blocked.domain.example``
+  (above) into file ``/etc/knot-resolver/blocklist.rpz`` and configure resolver to
+  answer with *NXDOMAIN* plus the specified additional text to queries for this domain:
+
+  .. code-block:: lua
+
+     policy.add(
+         policy.rpz(policy.DENY_MSG('domain blocked by your resolver operator'),
+                    '/etc/knot-resolver/blocklist.rpz',
+                    true))
+
+  Resolver will reload RPZ file at run-time if the RPZ file changes.
+  Recommended RPZ update procedure is to store new blocklist in a new file
+  (*newblocklist.rpz*) and then rename the new file to the original file name
+  (*blocklist.rpz*). This avoids problems where resolver might attempt
+  to re-read an incomplete file.
+
+
+
+Additional properties
+---------------------
+
+Most properties (actions, filters) are described above.
+
+.. function:: add(rule, postrule)
+
+  :param rule: added rule, i.e. ``policy.pattern(policy.DENY, '[0-9]+\2cz')``
+  :param postrule: boolean, if true the rule will be evaluated on answer instead of query
+  :return: rule description
+
+  Add a new policy rule that is executed either or queries or answers, depending on the ``postrule`` parameter. You can then use the returned rule description to get information and unique identifier for the rule, as well as match count.
+
+  .. code-block:: lua
+
+     -- mirror all queries, keep handle so we can retrieve information later
+     local rule = policy.add(policy.all(policy.MIRROR('127.0.0.2')))
+     -- we can print statistics about this rule any time later
+     print(string.format('id: %d, matched queries: %d', rule.id, rule.count)
+
+.. function:: del(id)
+
+  :param id: identifier of a given rule returned by :func:`policy.add`
+  :return: boolean ``true`` if rule was deleted, ``false`` otherwise
+
+  Remove a rule from policy list.
+
+.. function:: todnames({name, ...})
+
+   :param: names table of domain names in textual format
+
+   Returns table of domain names in wire format converted from strings.
+
+   .. code-block:: lua
+
+      -- Convert single name
+      assert(todname('example.com') == '\7example\3com\0')
+      -- Convert table of names
+      policy.todnames({'example.com', 'me.cz'})
+      { '\7example\3com\0', '\2me\2cz\0' }
+
+
+.. _RPZ: https://dnsrpz.info/
+.. _`PEM format`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy-enhanced_Electronic_Mail
+.. _`Pro DNS and BIND`: http://www.zytrax.com/books/dns/ch7/rpz.html
+.. _`Jan-Piet Mens's post`: http://jpmens.net/2011/04/26/how-to-configure-your-bind-resolvers-to-lie-using-response-policy-zones-rpz/
+.. _`Transport Layer Security`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security
+.. _`DNS Privacy Project`: https://dnsprivacy.org/
+.. _`IETF draft dprive-dtls-and-tls-profiles`: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dprive-dtls-and-tls-profiles
+.. _SNI: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication
+.. _`Public Suffix List`: https://publicsuffix.org
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/LICENSE b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd65f72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+  Copyright (c) 2014 CloudFlare, Inc. All rights reserved.
+
+  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+  met:
+
+     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+  notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+  copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+  in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+  distribution.
+     * Neither the name of CloudFlare, Inc. nor the names of its
+  contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+  this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+  "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+  LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+  OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+  SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+  LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+  DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+  THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+  OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/Makefile b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6471664
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+OS := $(shell uname)
+
+ifeq ($(OS), Darwin)
+    SO_EXT := dylib
+else
+    SO_EXT := so
+endif
+
+#############################################################################
+#
+#           Binaries we are going to build
+#
+#############################################################################
+#
+C_SO_NAME = libac.$(SO_EXT)
+LUA_SO_NAME = ahocorasick.$(SO_EXT)
+AR_NAME = libac.a
+
+#############################################################################
+#
+#           Compile and link flags
+#
+#############################################################################
+PREFIX ?= /usr/local
+LUA_VERSION := 5.1
+LUA_INCLUDE_DIR := $(PREFIX)/include/lua$(LUA_VERSION)
+SO_TARGET_DIR := $(PREFIX)/lib/lua/$(LUA_VERSION)
+LUA_TARGET_DIR := $(PREFIX)/share/lua/$(LUA_VERSION)
+
+# Available directives:
+# -DDEBUG : Turn on debugging support
+# -DVERIFY : To verify if the slow-version and fast-version implementations
+#            get exactly the same result. Note -DVERIFY implies -DDEBUG.
+#
+COMMON_FLAGS = -O3 #-g -DVERIFY -msse2 -msse3 -msse4.1
+COMMON_FLAGS += -fvisibility=hidden -Wall $(CXXFLAGS) $(MY_CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS)
+
+SO_CXXFLAGS = $(COMMON_FLAGS) -fPIC
+SO_LFLAGS = $(COMMON_FLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)
+AR_CXXFLAGS = $(COMMON_FLAGS)
+
+# -DVERIFY implies -DDEBUG
+ifneq ($(findstring -DVERIFY, $(COMMON_FLAGS)), )
+ifeq ($(findstring -DDEBUG, $(COMMON_FLAGS)), )
+    COMMON_FLAGS += -DDEBUG
+endif
+endif
+
+AR = ar
+AR_FLAGS = cru
+
+#############################################################################
+#
+#       Divide source codes and objects into several categories
+#
+#############################################################################
+#
+SRC_COMMON := ac_fast.cxx ac_slow.cxx
+LIBAC_SO_SRC := $(SRC_COMMON) ac.cxx    # source for libac.so
+LUA_SO_SRC := $(SRC_COMMON) ac_lua.cxx  # source for ahocorasick.so
+LIBAC_A_SRC := $(LIBAC_SO_SRC)          # source for libac.a
+
+#############################################################################
+#
+#                   Make rules
+#
+#############################################################################
+#
+.PHONY = all clean test benchmark prepare
+all : $(C_SO_NAME) $(LUA_SO_NAME) $(AR_NAME)
+
+-include c_so_dep.txt
+-include lua_so_dep.txt
+-include ar_dep.txt
+
+BUILD_SO_DIR := build_so
+BUILD_AR_DIR := build_ar
+
+$(BUILD_SO_DIR) :; mkdir $@
+$(BUILD_AR_DIR) :; mkdir $@
+
+$(BUILD_SO_DIR)/%.o : %.cxx | $(BUILD_SO_DIR)
+	$(CXX) $< -c $(SO_CXXFLAGS) -I$(LUA_INCLUDE_DIR) -MMD -o $@
+
+$(BUILD_AR_DIR)/%.o : %.cxx | $(BUILD_AR_DIR)
+	$(CXX) $< -c $(AR_CXXFLAGS) -I$(LUA_INCLUDE_DIR) -MMD -o $@
+
+ifneq ($(OS), Darwin)
+$(C_SO_NAME) : $(addprefix $(BUILD_SO_DIR)/, ${LIBAC_SO_SRC:.cxx=.o})
+	$(CXX) $+ -shared -Wl,-soname=$(C_SO_NAME) $(SO_LFLAGS) -o $@
+	cat $(addprefix $(BUILD_SO_DIR)/, ${LIBAC_SO_SRC:.cxx=.d}) > c_so_dep.txt
+
+$(LUA_SO_NAME) : $(addprefix $(BUILD_SO_DIR)/, ${LUA_SO_SRC:.cxx=.o})
+	$(CXX) $+ -shared -Wl,-soname=$(LUA_SO_NAME) $(SO_LFLAGS) -o $@
+	cat $(addprefix $(BUILD_SO_DIR)/, ${LUA_SO_SRC:.cxx=.d}) > lua_so_dep.txt
+
+else
+$(C_SO_NAME) : $(addprefix $(BUILD_SO_DIR)/, ${LIBAC_SO_SRC:.cxx=.o})
+	$(CXX) $+ -shared $(SO_LFLAGS) -o $@
+	cat $(addprefix $(BUILD_SO_DIR)/, ${LIBAC_SO_SRC:.cxx=.d}) > c_so_dep.txt
+
+$(LUA_SO_NAME) : $(addprefix $(BUILD_SO_DIR)/, ${LUA_SO_SRC:.cxx=.o})
+	$(CXX) $+ -shared $(SO_LFLAGS) -o $@ -Wl,-undefined,dynamic_lookup
+	cat $(addprefix $(BUILD_SO_DIR)/, ${LUA_SO_SRC:.cxx=.d}) > lua_so_dep.txt
+endif
+
+$(AR_NAME) : $(addprefix $(BUILD_AR_DIR)/, ${LIBAC_A_SRC:.cxx=.o})
+	$(AR) $(AR_FLAGS) $@ $+
+	cat $(addprefix $(BUILD_AR_DIR)/, ${LIBAC_A_SRC:.cxx=.d}) > lua_so_dep.txt
+
+#############################################################################
+#
+#           Misc
+#
+#############################################################################
+#
+test : $(C_SO_NAME)
+	$(MAKE) -C tests && \
+	luajit tests/lua_test.lua && \
+	luajit tests/load_ac_test.lua
+
+benchmark: $(C_SO_NAME)
+	$(MAKE) benchmark -C tests
+
+clean :
+	-rm -rf *.o *.d c_so_dep.txt lua_so_dep.txt ar_dep.txt $(TEST) \
+        $(C_SO_NAME) $(LUA_SO_NAME) $(TEST) $(BUILD_SO_DIR) $(BUILD_AR_DIR) \
+        $(AR_NAME)
+	make clean -C tests
+
+install:
+	install -D -m 755 $(C_SO_NAME) $(DESTDIR)/$(SO_TARGET_DIR)/$(C_SO_NAME)
+	install -D -m 755 $(LUA_SO_NAME) $(DESTDIR)/$(SO_TARGET_DIR)/$(LUA_SO_NAME)
+	install -D -m 664 load_ac.lua $(DESTDIR)/$(LUA_TARGET_DIR)/load_ac.lua
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/README.md b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5cc406
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+aho-corasick-lua
+================
+
+C++ and Lua Implementation of the Aho-Corasick (AC) string matching algorithm
+(http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=360855).
+
+We began with pure Lua implementation and realize the performance is not
+satisfactory. So we switch to C/C++ implementation.
+
+There are two shared objects provied by this package: libac.so and ahocorasick.so
+The former is a regular shared object which can be directly used by C/C++
+application, or by Lua via FFI; and the later is a Lua module. An example usage
+is shown bellow:
+
+```lua
+local ac = require "ahocorasick"
+local dict = {"string1", "string", "etc"}
+local acinst = ac.create(dict)
+local r = ac.match(acinst, "mystring")
+```
+
+For efficiency reasons, the implementation is slightly different from the
+standard AC algorithm in that it doesn't return a set of strings in the dictionary
+that match the given string, instead it only returns one of them in case the string
+matches. The functionality of our implementation can be (precisely) described by
+following pseudo-c snippet.
+
+```C
+string foo(input-string, dictionary) {
+    string ret = the-end-of-input-string;
+    for each string s in dictionary {
+        // find the first occurrence match sub-string.
+        ret = min(ret, strstr(input-string, s);
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+```
+
+It's pretty easy to get rid of this limitation, just to associate each state with
+a spare bit-vector dipicting the set of strings recognized by that state.
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23fb3b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+// Interface functions for libac.so
+//
+#include "ac_slow.hpp"
+#include "ac_fast.hpp"
+#include "ac.h"
+
+static inline ac_result_t
+_match(buf_header_t* ac, const char* str, unsigned int len) {
+    AC_Buffer* buf = (AC_Buffer*)(void*)ac;
+    ASSERT(ac->magic_num == AC_MAGIC_NUM);
+
+    ac_result_t r = Match(buf, str, len);
+
+    #ifdef VERIFY
+    {
+        Match_Result r2 = buf->slow_impl->Match(str, len);
+        if (r.match_begin != r2.begin) {
+            ASSERT(0);
+        } else {
+            ASSERT((r.match_begin < 0) ||
+                   (r.match_end == r2.end &&
+                    r.pattern_idx == r2.pattern_idx));
+        }
+    }
+    #endif
+    return r;
+}
+
+extern "C" int
+ac_match2(ac_t* ac, const char* str, unsigned int len) {
+    ac_result_t r = _match((buf_header_t*)(void*)ac, str, len);
+    return r.match_begin;
+}
+
+extern "C" ac_result_t
+ac_match(ac_t* ac, const char* str, unsigned int len) {
+    return _match((buf_header_t*)(void*)ac, str, len);
+}
+
+extern "C" ac_result_t
+ac_match_longest_l(ac_t* ac, const char* str, unsigned int len) {
+    AC_Buffer* buf = (AC_Buffer*)(void*)ac;
+    ASSERT(((buf_header_t*)ac)->magic_num == AC_MAGIC_NUM);
+
+    ac_result_t r = Match_Longest_L(buf, str, len);
+    return r;
+}
+
+class BufAlloc : public Buf_Allocator {
+public:
+    virtual AC_Buffer* alloc(int sz) {
+        return (AC_Buffer*)(new unsigned char[sz]);
+    }
+
+    // Do not de-allocate the buffer when the BufAlloc die.
+    virtual void free() {}
+
+    static void myfree(AC_Buffer* buf) {
+        ASSERT(buf->hdr.magic_num == AC_MAGIC_NUM);
+        const char* b = (const char*)buf;
+        delete[] b;
+    }
+};
+
+extern "C" ac_t*
+ac_create(const char** strv, unsigned int* strlenv, unsigned int v_len) {
+    if (v_len >= 65535) {
+        // TODO: Currently we use 16-bit to encode pattern-index (see the
+        //  comment to AC_State::is_term), therefore we are not able to
+        //  handle pattern set with more than 65535 entries.
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    ACS_Constructor *acc;
+#ifdef VERIFY
+    acc = new ACS_Constructor;
+#else
+    ACS_Constructor tmp;
+    acc = &tmp;
+#endif
+    acc->Construct(strv, strlenv, v_len);
+
+    BufAlloc ba;
+    AC_Converter cvt(*acc, ba);
+    AC_Buffer* buf = cvt.Convert();
+
+#ifdef VERIFY
+    buf->slow_impl = acc;
+#endif
+    return (ac_t*)(void*)buf;
+}
+
+extern "C" void
+ac_free(void* ac) {
+    AC_Buffer* buf = (AC_Buffer*)ac;
+#ifdef VERIFY
+    delete buf->slow_impl;
+#endif
+
+    BufAlloc::myfree(buf);
+}
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac.h b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30bf447
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#ifndef AC_H
+#define AC_H
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#define AC_EXPORT __attribute__ ((visibility ("default")))
+
+/* If the subject-string dosen't match any of the given patterns, "match_begin"
+ * should be a negative; otherwise the substring of the subject-string,
+ * starting from offset "match_begin" to "match_end" incusively,
+ * should exactly match the pattern specified by the 'pattern_idx' (i.e.
+ * the pattern is "pattern_v[pattern_idx]" where the "pattern_v" is the
+ * first acutal argument passing to ac_create())
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    int match_begin;
+    int match_end;
+    int pattern_idx;
+} ac_result_t;
+
+struct ac_t;
+
+/* Create an AC instance. "pattern_v" is a vector of patterns, the length of
+ * i-th pattern is specified by "pattern_len_v[i]"; the number of patterns
+ * is specified by "vect_len".
+ *
+ * Return the instance on success, or NUL otherwise.
+ */
+ac_t* ac_create(const char** pattern_v, unsigned int* pattern_len_v,
+                unsigned int vect_len) AC_EXPORT;
+
+ac_result_t ac_match(ac_t*, const char *str, unsigned int len) AC_EXPORT;
+
+ac_result_t ac_match_longest_l(ac_t*, const char *str, unsigned int len) AC_EXPORT;
+
+/* Similar to ac_match() except that it only returns match-begin. The rationale
+ * for this interface is that luajit has hard time in dealing with strcture-
+ * return-value.
+ */
+int ac_match2(ac_t*, const char *str, unsigned int len) AC_EXPORT;
+
+void ac_free(void*) AC_EXPORT;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* AC_H */
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_fast.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_fast.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9dbc2e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_fast.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+#include <algorithm>    // for std::sort
+#include "ac_slow.hpp"
+#include "ac_fast.hpp"
+
+uint32
+AC_Converter::Calc_State_Sz(const ACS_State* s) const {
+    AC_State dummy;
+    uint32 sz = offsetof(AC_State, input_vect);
+    sz += s->Get_GotoNum() * sizeof(dummy.input_vect[0]);
+
+    if (sz < sizeof(AC_State))
+        sz = sizeof(AC_State);
+
+    uint32 align = __alignof__(dummy);
+    sz = (sz + align - 1) & ~(align - 1);
+    return sz;
+}
+
+AC_Buffer*
+AC_Converter::Alloc_Buffer() {
+    const vector<ACS_State*>& all_states = _acs.Get_All_States();
+    const ACS_State* root_state = _acs.Get_Root_State();
+    uint32 root_fanout = root_state->Get_GotoNum();
+
+    // Step 1: Calculate the buffer size
+    AC_Ofst root_goto_ofst, states_ofst_ofst, first_state_ofst;
+
+    // part 1 :  buffer header
+    uint32 sz = root_goto_ofst = sizeof(AC_Buffer);
+
+    // part 2: Root-node's goto function
+    if (likely(root_fanout != 255))
+        sz += 256;
+    else
+        root_goto_ofst = 0;
+
+    // part 3: mapping of state's relative position.
+    unsigned align = __alignof__(AC_Ofst);
+    sz = (sz + align - 1) & ~(align - 1);
+    states_ofst_ofst = sz;
+
+    sz += sizeof(AC_Ofst) * all_states.size();
+
+    // part 4: state's contents
+    align = __alignof__(AC_State);
+    sz = (sz + align - 1) & ~(align - 1);
+    first_state_ofst = sz;
+
+    uint32 state_sz = 0;
+    for (vector<ACS_State*>::const_iterator i = all_states.begin(),
+            e = all_states.end(); i != e; i++) {
+        state_sz += Calc_State_Sz(*i);
+    }
+    state_sz -= Calc_State_Sz(root_state);
+
+    sz += state_sz;
+
+    // Step 2: Allocate buffer, and populate header.
+    AC_Buffer* buf = _buf_alloc.alloc(sz);
+
+    buf->hdr.magic_num = AC_MAGIC_NUM;
+    buf->hdr.impl_variant = IMPL_FAST_VARIANT;
+    buf->buf_len = sz;
+    buf->root_goto_ofst = root_goto_ofst;
+    buf->states_ofst_ofst = states_ofst_ofst;
+    buf->first_state_ofst = first_state_ofst;
+    buf->root_goto_num = root_fanout;
+    buf->state_num = _acs.Get_State_Num();
+    return buf;
+}
+
+void
+AC_Converter::Populate_Root_Goto_Func(AC_Buffer* buf,
+                                      GotoVect& goto_vect) {
+    unsigned char *buf_base = (unsigned char*)(buf);
+    InputTy* root_gotos = (InputTy*)(buf_base + buf->root_goto_ofst);
+    const ACS_State* root_state = _acs.Get_Root_State();
+
+    root_state->Get_Sorted_Gotos(goto_vect);
+
+    // Renumber the ID of root-node's immediate kids.
+    uint32 new_id = 1;
+    bool full_fantout = (goto_vect.size() == 255);
+    if (likely(!full_fantout))
+        bzero(root_gotos, 256*sizeof(InputTy));
+
+    for (GotoVect::iterator i = goto_vect.begin(), e = goto_vect.end();
+            i != e; i++, new_id++) {
+        InputTy c = i->first;
+        ACS_State* s = i->second;
+        _id_map[s->Get_ID()] = new_id;
+
+        if (likely(!full_fantout))
+            root_gotos[c] = new_id;
+    }
+}
+
+AC_Buffer*
+AC_Converter::Convert() {
+    // Step 1: Some preparation stuff.
+    GotoVect gotovect;
+
+    _id_map.clear();
+    _ofst_map.clear();
+    _id_map.resize(_acs.Get_Next_Node_Id());
+    _ofst_map.resize(_acs.Get_Next_Node_Id());
+
+    // Step 2: allocate buffer to accommodate the entire AC graph.
+    AC_Buffer* buf = Alloc_Buffer();
+    unsigned char* buf_base = (unsigned char*)buf;
+
+    // Step 3: Root node need special care.
+    Populate_Root_Goto_Func(buf, gotovect);
+    buf->root_goto_num = gotovect.size();
+    _id_map[_acs.Get_Root_State()->Get_ID()] = 0;
+
+    // Step 4: Converting the remaining states by BFSing the graph.
+    // First of all, enter root's immediate kids to the working list.
+    vector<const ACS_State*> wl;
+    State_ID id = 1;
+    for (GotoVect::iterator i = gotovect.begin(), e = gotovect.end();
+            i != e; i++, id++) {
+        ACS_State* s = i->second;
+        wl.push_back(s);
+        _id_map[s->Get_ID()] = id;
+    }
+
+    AC_Ofst* state_ofst_vect = (AC_Ofst*)(buf_base + buf->states_ofst_ofst);
+    AC_Ofst ofst = buf->first_state_ofst;
+    for (uint32 idx = 0; idx < wl.size(); idx++) {
+        const ACS_State* old_s = wl[idx];
+        AC_State* new_s = (AC_State*)(buf_base + ofst);
+
+        // This property should hold as we:
+        //  - States are appended to worklist in the BFS order.
+        //  - sibiling states are appended to worklist in the order of their
+        //    corresponding input.
+        //
+        State_ID state_id = idx + 1;
+        ASSERT(_id_map[old_s->Get_ID()] == state_id);
+
+        state_ofst_vect[state_id] = ofst;
+
+        new_s->first_kid = wl.size() + 1;
+        new_s->depth = old_s->Get_Depth();
+        new_s->is_term = old_s->is_Terminal() ?
+                         old_s->get_Pattern_Idx() + 1 : 0;
+
+        uint32 gotonum = old_s->Get_GotoNum();
+        new_s->goto_num = gotonum;
+
+        // Populate the "input" field
+        old_s->Get_Sorted_Gotos(gotovect);
+        uint32 input_idx = 0;
+        uint32 id = wl.size() + 1;
+        InputTy* input_vect = new_s->input_vect;
+        for (GotoVect::iterator i = gotovect.begin(), e = gotovect.end();
+             i != e; i++, id++, input_idx++) {
+            input_vect[input_idx] = i->first;
+
+            ACS_State* kid = i->second;
+            _id_map[kid->Get_ID()] = id;
+            wl.push_back(kid);
+        }
+
+        _ofst_map[old_s->Get_ID()] = ofst;
+        ofst += Calc_State_Sz(old_s);
+    }
+
+    // This assertion might be useful to catch buffer overflow
+    ASSERT(ofst == buf->buf_len);
+
+    // Populate the fail-link field.
+    for (vector<const ACS_State*>::iterator i = wl.begin(), e = wl.end();
+            i != e; i++) {
+        const ACS_State* slow_s = *i;
+        State_ID fast_s_id = _id_map[slow_s->Get_ID()];
+        AC_State* fast_s = (AC_State*)(buf_base + state_ofst_vect[fast_s_id]);
+        if (const ACS_State* fl = slow_s->Get_FailLink()) {
+            State_ID id = _id_map[fl->Get_ID()];
+            fast_s->fail_link = id;
+        } else
+            fast_s->fail_link = 0;
+    }
+#ifdef DEBUG
+    //dump_buffer(buf, stderr);
+#endif
+    return buf;
+}
+
+static inline AC_State*
+Get_State_Addr(unsigned char* buf_base, AC_Ofst* StateOfstVect, uint32 state_id) {
+    ASSERT(state_id != 0 && "root node is handled in speical way");
+    ASSERT(state_id < ((AC_Buffer*)buf_base)->state_num);
+    return (AC_State*)(buf_base + StateOfstVect[state_id]);
+}
+
+// The performance of the binary search is critical to this work.
+//
+// Here we provide two versions of binary-search functions.
+// The non-pristine version seems to consistently out-perform "pristine" one on
+// bunch of benchmarks we tested.  With the benchmark under tests/testinput/
+//
+//   The speedup is following on my laptop (core i7, ubuntu):
+//
+//   benchmark       was                is
+//  ----------------------------------------
+//  image.bin       2.3s               2.0s
+//  test.tar        6.7s               5.7s
+//
+//  NOTE: As of I write this comment, we only measure the performance on about
+// 10+ benchmarks. It's still too early to say which one works better.
+//
+#if !defined(BS_MULTI_VER)
+static bool __attribute__((always_inline)) inline
+Binary_Search_Input(InputTy* input_vect, int vect_len, InputTy input, int& idx) {
+    if (vect_len <= 8) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < vect_len; i++) {
+            if (input_vect[i] == input) {
+                idx = i;
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // The "low" and "high" must be signed integers, as they could become -1.
+    // Also since they are signed integer, "(low + high)/2" is sightly more
+    // expensive than (low+high)>>1 or ((unsigned)(low + high))/2.
+    //
+    int low = 0, high = vect_len - 1;
+    while (low <= high) {
+        int mid = (low + high) >> 1;
+        InputTy mid_c = input_vect[mid];
+
+        if (input < mid_c)
+            high = mid - 1;
+        else if (input > mid_c)
+            low = mid + 1;
+        else {
+            idx = mid;
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+#else
+
+/* Let us call this version "pristine" version. */
+static inline bool
+Binary_Search_Input(InputTy* input_vect, int vect_len, InputTy input, int& idx) {
+    int low = 0, high = vect_len - 1;
+    while (low <= high) {
+        int mid = (low + high) >> 1;
+        InputTy mid_c = input_vect[mid];
+
+        if (input < mid_c)
+            high = mid - 1;
+        else if (input > mid_c)
+            low = mid + 1;
+        else {
+            idx = mid;
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+#endif
+
+typedef enum {
+    // Look for the first match. e.g. pattern set = {"ab", "abc", "def"},
+    // subject string "ababcdef". The first match would be "ab" at the
+    // beginning of the subject string.
+    MV_FIRST_MATCH,
+
+    // Look for the left-most longest match. Follow above example; there are
+    // two longest matches, "abc" and "def", and the left-most longest match
+    // is "abc".
+    MV_LEFT_LONGEST,
+
+    // Similar to the left-most longest match, except that it returns the
+    // *right* most longest match. Follow above example, the match would
+    // be "def". NYI.
+    MV_RIGHT_LONGEST,
+
+    // Return all patterns that match that given subject string. NYI.
+    MV_ALL_MATCHES,
+} MATCH_VARIANT;
+
+/* The Match_Tmpl is the template for vairants MV_FIRST_MATCH, MV_LEFT_LONGEST,
+ * MV_RIGHT_LONGEST (If we really really need MV_RIGHT_LONGEST variant, we are
+ * better off implementing it in a seprate function).
+ *
+ * The Match_Tmpl supports three variants at once "symbolically", once it's
+ * instanced to a particular variants, all the code irrelevant to the variants
+ * will be statically removed. So don't worry about the code like
+ * "if (variant == MV_XXXX)"; they will not incur any penalty.
+ *
+ * The drawback of using template is increased code size. Unfortunately, there
+ * is no silver bullet.
+ */
+template<MATCH_VARIANT variant> static ac_result_t
+Match_Tmpl(AC_Buffer* buf, const char* str, uint32 len) {
+    unsigned char* buf_base = (unsigned char*)(buf);
+    unsigned char* root_goto = buf_base + buf->root_goto_ofst;
+    AC_Ofst* states_ofst_vect = (AC_Ofst* )(buf_base + buf->states_ofst_ofst);
+
+    AC_State* state = 0;
+    uint32 idx = 0;
+
+    // Skip leading chars that are not valid input of root-nodes.
+    if (likely(buf->root_goto_num != 255)) {
+        while(idx < len) {
+            unsigned char c = str[idx++];
+            if (unsigned char kid_id = root_goto[c]) {
+                state = Get_State_Addr(buf_base, states_ofst_vect, kid_id);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        idx = 1;
+        state = Get_State_Addr(buf_base, states_ofst_vect, *str);
+    }
+
+    ac_result_t r = {-1, -1};
+    if (likely(state != 0)) {
+        if (unlikely(state->is_term)) {
+            /* Dictionary may have string of length 1 */
+            r.match_begin = idx - state->depth;
+            r.match_end = idx - 1;
+            r.pattern_idx = state->is_term - 1;
+
+            if (variant == MV_FIRST_MATCH) {
+                return r;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    while (idx < len) {
+        unsigned char c = str[idx];
+        int res;
+        bool found;
+        found = Binary_Search_Input(state->input_vect, state->goto_num, c, res);
+        if (found) {
+            // The "t = goto(c, current_state)" is valid, advance to state "t".
+            uint32 kid = state->first_kid + res;
+            state = Get_State_Addr(buf_base, states_ofst_vect, kid);
+            idx++;
+        } else {
+            // Follow the fail-link.
+            State_ID fl = state->fail_link;
+            if (fl == 0) {
+                // fail-link is root-node, which implies the root-node dosen't
+                // have 255 valid transitions (otherwise, the fail-link should
+                // points to "goto(root, c)"), so we don't need speical handling
+                // as we did before this while-loop is entered.
+                //
+                while(idx < len) {
+                    InputTy c = str[idx++];
+                    if (unsigned char kid_id = root_goto[c]) {
+                        state =
+                            Get_State_Addr(buf_base, states_ofst_vect, kid_id);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                state = Get_State_Addr(buf_base, states_ofst_vect, fl);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Check to see if the state is terminal state?
+        if (state->is_term) {
+            if (variant == MV_FIRST_MATCH) {
+                ac_result_t r;
+                r.match_begin = idx - state->depth;
+                r.match_end = idx - 1;
+                r.pattern_idx = state->is_term - 1;
+                return r;
+            }
+
+            if (variant == MV_LEFT_LONGEST) {
+                int match_begin = idx - state->depth;
+                int match_end = idx - 1;
+
+                if (r.match_begin == -1 ||
+                    match_end - match_begin > r.match_end - r.match_begin) {
+                    r.match_begin = match_begin;
+                    r.match_end = match_end;
+                    r.pattern_idx = state->is_term - 1;
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            ASSERT(false && "NYI");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return r;
+}
+
+ac_result_t
+Match(AC_Buffer* buf, const char* str, uint32 len) {
+    return Match_Tmpl<MV_FIRST_MATCH>(buf, str, len);
+}
+
+ac_result_t
+Match_Longest_L(AC_Buffer* buf, const char* str, uint32 len) {
+    return Match_Tmpl<MV_LEFT_LONGEST>(buf, str, len);
+}
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+void
+AC_Converter::dump_buffer(AC_Buffer* buf, FILE* f) {
+    vector<AC_Ofst> state_ofst;
+    state_ofst.resize(_id_map.size());
+
+    fprintf(f, "Id maps between old/slow and new/fast graphs\n");
+    int old_id = 0;
+    for (vector<uint32>::iterator i = _id_map.begin(), e = _id_map.end();
+         i != e; i++, old_id++) {
+        State_ID new_id = *i;
+        if (new_id != 0) {
+            fprintf(f, "%d -> %d, ", old_id, new_id);
+        }
+    }
+    fprintf(f, "\n");
+
+    int idx = 0;
+    for (vector<uint32>::iterator i = _id_map.begin(), e = _id_map.end();
+         i != e; i++, idx++) {
+        uint32 id = *i;
+        if (id == 0) continue;
+        state_ofst[id] = _ofst_map[idx];
+    }
+
+    unsigned char* buf_base = (unsigned char*)buf;
+
+    // dump root goto-function.
+    fprintf(f, "root, fanout:%d goto {", buf->root_goto_num);
+    if (buf->root_goto_num != 255) {
+        unsigned char* root_goto = buf_base + buf->root_goto_ofst;
+        for (uint32 i = 0; i < 255; i++) {
+            if (root_goto[i] != 0)
+                fprintf(f, "%c->S:%d, ", (unsigned char)i, root_goto[i]);
+        }
+    } else {
+        fprintf(f, "full fanout\n");
+    }
+    fprintf(f, "}\n");
+
+    // dump remaining states.
+    AC_Ofst* state_ofst_vect = (AC_Ofst*)(buf_base + buf->states_ofst_ofst);
+    for (uint32 i = 1, e = buf->state_num; i < e; i++) {
+        AC_Ofst ofst = state_ofst_vect[i];
+        ASSERT(ofst == state_ofst[i]);
+        fprintf(f, "S:%d, ofst:%d, goto={", i, ofst);
+
+        AC_State* s = (AC_State*)(buf_base + ofst);
+        State_ID kid = s->first_kid;
+        for (uint32 k = 0, ke = s->goto_num; k < ke; k++, kid++)
+            fprintf(f, "%c->S:%d, ", s->input_vect[k], kid);
+
+        fprintf(f, "}, fail-link = S:%d, %s\n", s->fail_link,
+                s->is_term ? "terminal" : "");
+    }
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_fast.hpp b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_fast.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ac557c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_fast.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#ifndef AC_FAST_H
+#define AC_FAST_H
+
+#include <vector>
+#include "ac.h"
+#include "ac_slow.hpp"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+class ACS_Constructor;
+
+typedef uint32 AC_Ofst;
+typedef uint32 State_ID;
+
+// The entire "fast" AC graph is converted from its "slow" version, and store
+// in an consecutive trunk of memory or "buffer". Since the pointers in the
+// fast AC graph are represented as offset relative to the base address of
+// the buffer, this fast AC graph is position-independent, meaning cloning
+// the fast graph is just to memcpy the entire buffer.
+//
+// The buffer is laid-out as following:
+//
+//   1. The buffer header. (i.e. the AC_Buffer content)
+//   2. root-node's goto functions. It is represented as an array indiced by
+//      root-node's valid inputs, and the element is the ID of the corresponding
+//      transition state (aka kid). To save space, we used 8-bit to represent
+//      the IDs. ID of root's kids starts with 1.
+//
+//        Root may have 255 valid inputs. In this speical case, i-th element
+//      stores value i -- i.e the i-th state. So, we don't need such array
+//      at all. On the other hand, 8-bit is insufficient to encode kids' ID.
+//
+//   3. An array indiced by state's id, and the element is the offset
+//      of correspoding state wrt the base address of the buffer.
+//
+//   4. the contents of states.
+//
+typedef struct {
+    buf_header_t hdr;         // The header exposed to the user using this lib.
+#ifdef VERIFY
+    ACS_Constructor* slow_impl;
+#endif
+    uint32 buf_len;
+    AC_Ofst root_goto_ofst;   // addr of root node's goto() function.
+    AC_Ofst states_ofst_ofst; // addr of state pointer vector (indiced by id)
+    AC_Ofst first_state_ofst; // addr of the first state in the buffer.
+    uint16 root_goto_num;     // fan-out of root-node.
+    uint16 state_num;         // number of states
+
+    // Followed by the gut of the buffer:
+    // 1. map: root's-valid-input -> kid's id
+    // 2. map: state's ID -> offset of the state
+    // 3. states' content.
+} AC_Buffer;
+
+// Depict the state of "fast" AC graph.
+typedef struct {
+    // transition are sorted. For instance, state s1, has two transitions :
+    //   goto(b) -> S_b, goto(a)->S_a. The inputs are sorted in the ascending
+    // order, and the target states are permuted accordingly. In this case,
+    // the inputs are sorted as : a, b, and the target states are permuted
+    // into S_a, S_b. So, S_a is the 1st kid, the ID of kids are consecutive,
+    // so we don't need to save all the target kids.
+    //
+    State_ID first_kid;
+    AC_Ofst fail_link;
+    short depth;             // How far away from root.
+    unsigned short is_term;  // Is terminal node. if is_term != 0, it encodes
+                             // the value of "1 + pattern-index".
+    unsigned char goto_num;  // The number of valid transition.
+    InputTy input_vect[1];   // Vector of valid input. Must be last field!
+} AC_State;
+
+class Buf_Allocator {
+public:
+    Buf_Allocator() : _buf(0) {}
+    virtual ~Buf_Allocator() { free(); }
+
+    virtual AC_Buffer* alloc(int sz) = 0;
+    virtual void free() {};
+protected:
+    AC_Buffer* _buf;
+};
+
+// Convert slow-AC-graph into fast one.
+class AC_Converter {
+public:
+    AC_Converter(ACS_Constructor& acs, Buf_Allocator& ba) :
+        _acs(acs), _buf_alloc(ba) {}
+    AC_Buffer* Convert();
+
+private:
+    // Return the size in byte needed to to save the specified state.
+    uint32 Calc_State_Sz(const ACS_State *) const;
+
+    // In fast-AC-graph, the ID is bit trikcy. Given a state of slow-graph,
+    // this function is to return the ID of its counterpart in the fast-graph.
+    State_ID Get_Renumbered_Id(const ACS_State *s) const {
+        const vector<uint32> &m = _id_map;
+        return m[s->Get_ID()];
+    }
+
+    AC_Buffer* Alloc_Buffer();
+    void Populate_Root_Goto_Func(AC_Buffer *, GotoVect&);
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+    void dump_buffer(AC_Buffer*, FILE*);
+#endif
+
+private:
+    ACS_Constructor& _acs;
+    Buf_Allocator& _buf_alloc;
+
+    // map: ID of state in slow-graph -> ID of counterpart in fast-graph.
+    vector<uint32> _id_map;
+
+    // map: ID of state in slow-graph -> offset of counterpart in fast-graph.
+    vector<AC_Ofst> _ofst_map;
+};
+
+ac_result_t Match(AC_Buffer* buf, const char* str, uint32 len);
+ac_result_t Match_Longest_L(AC_Buffer* buf, const char* str, uint32 len);
+
+#endif  // AC_FAST_H
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_lua.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_lua.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad7307e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_lua.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// Interface functions for libac.so
+//
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include "ac_slow.hpp"
+#include "ac_fast.hpp"
+#include "ac.h" // for the definition of ac_result_t
+#include "ac_util.hpp"
+
+extern "C" {
+    #include <lua.h>
+    #include <lauxlib.h>
+}
+
+#if defined(USE_SLOW_VER)
+#error "Not going to implement it"
+#endif
+
+using namespace std;
+static const char* tname = "aho-corasick";
+
+class BufAlloc : public Buf_Allocator {
+public:
+    BufAlloc(lua_State* L) : _L(L) {}
+    virtual AC_Buffer* alloc(int sz) {
+        return (AC_Buffer*)lua_newuserdata (_L, sz);
+    }
+
+    // Let GC to take care.
+    virtual void free() {}
+
+private:
+    lua_State* _L;
+};
+
+static bool
+_create_helper(lua_State* L, const vector<const char*>& str_v,
+               const vector<unsigned int>& strlen_v) {
+    ASSERT(str_v.size() == strlen_v.size());
+
+    ACS_Constructor acc;
+    BufAlloc ba(L);
+
+    // Step 1: construt the slow version.
+    unsigned int strnum = str_v.size();
+    const char** str_vect = new const char*[strnum];
+    unsigned int* strlen_vect = new unsigned int[strnum];
+
+    int idx = 0;
+    for (vector<const char*>::const_iterator i = str_v.begin(), e = str_v.end();
+         i != e; i++) {
+        str_vect[idx++] = *i;
+    }
+
+    idx = 0;
+    for (vector<unsigned int>::const_iterator i = strlen_v.begin(),
+            e = strlen_v.end(); i != e; i++) {
+        strlen_vect[idx++] = *i;
+    }
+
+    acc.Construct(str_vect, strlen_vect, idx);
+    delete[] str_vect;
+    delete[] strlen_vect;
+
+    // Step 2: convert to fast version
+    AC_Converter cvt(acc, ba);
+    return cvt.Convert() != 0;
+}
+
+static ac_result_t
+_match_helper(buf_header_t* ac, const char *str, unsigned int len) {
+    AC_Buffer* buf = (AC_Buffer*)(void*)ac;
+    ASSERT(ac->magic_num == AC_MAGIC_NUM);
+
+    ac_result_t r = Match(buf, str, len);
+    return r;
+}
+
+// LUA sematic:
+//  input: array of strings
+//  output: userdata containing the AC-graph (i.e. the AC_Buffer).
+//
+static int
+lac_create(lua_State* L) {
+    // The table of the array must be the 1st argument.
+    int input_tab = 1;
+
+    luaL_checktype(L, input_tab, LUA_TTABLE);
+
+    // Init the "iteartor".
+    lua_pushnil(L);
+
+    vector<const char*> str_v;
+    vector<unsigned int> strlen_v;
+
+    // Loop over the elements
+    while (lua_next(L, input_tab)) {
+        size_t str_len;
+        const char* s = luaL_checklstring(L, -1, &str_len);
+        str_v.push_back(s);
+        strlen_v.push_back(str_len);
+
+        // remove the value, but keep the key as the iterator.
+        lua_pop(L, 1);
+    }
+
+    // pop the nil value
+    lua_pop(L, 1);
+
+    if (_create_helper(L, str_v, strlen_v)) {
+        // The AC graph, as a userdata is already pushed to the stack, hence 1.
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// LUA input:
+//    arg1: the userdata, representing the AC graph, returned from l_create().
+//    arg2: the string to be matched.
+//
+// LUA return:
+//    if match, return index range of the match; otherwise nil is returned.
+//
+static int
+lac_match(lua_State* L) {
+    buf_header_t* ac = (buf_header_t*)lua_touserdata(L, 1);
+    if (!ac) {
+        luaL_checkudata(L, 1, tname);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    size_t len;
+    const char* str;
+    #if LUA_VERSION_NUM >= 502
+        str = luaL_tolstring(L, 2, &len);
+    #else
+        str = lua_tolstring(L, 2, &len);
+    #endif
+    if (!str) {
+        luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    ac_result_t r = _match_helper(ac, str, len);
+    if (r.match_begin != -1) {
+        lua_pushinteger(L, r.match_begin);
+        lua_pushinteger(L, r.match_end);
+        return 2;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct luaL_Reg lib_funcs[] = {
+    { "create", lac_create },
+    { "match",  lac_match },
+    {0, 0}
+};
+
+extern "C" int AC_EXPORT
+luaopen_ahocorasick(lua_State* L) {
+    luaL_newmetatable(L, tname);
+
+#if LUA_VERSION_NUM == 501
+    luaL_register(L, tname, lib_funcs);
+#elif LUA_VERSION_NUM >= 502
+    luaL_newlib(L, lib_funcs);
+#else
+    #error "Don't know how to do it right"
+#endif
+    return 1;
+}
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_slow.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_slow.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb3957a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_slow.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <strings.h> // for bzero
+#include <algorithm>
+#include "ac_slow.hpp"
+#include "ac.h"
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//      Implementation of AhoCorasick_Slow
+//
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+ACS_Constructor::ACS_Constructor() : _next_node_id(1) {
+    _root = new_state();
+    _root_char = new InputTy[256];
+    bzero((void*)_root_char, 256);
+
+#ifdef VERIFY
+    _pattern_buf = 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+ACS_Constructor::~ACS_Constructor() {
+    for (std::vector<ACS_State* >::iterator i =  _all_states.begin(),
+            e = _all_states.end(); i != e; i++) {
+        delete *i;
+    }
+    _all_states.clear();
+    delete[] _root_char;
+
+#ifdef VERIFY
+    delete[] _pattern_buf;
+#endif
+}
+
+ACS_State*
+ACS_Constructor::new_state() {
+    ACS_State* t = new ACS_State(_next_node_id++);
+    _all_states.push_back(t);
+    return t;
+}
+
+void
+ACS_Constructor::Add_Pattern(const char* str, unsigned int str_len,
+                             int pattern_idx) {
+    ACS_State* state = _root;
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < str_len; i++) {
+        const char c = str[i];
+        ACS_State* new_s = state->Get_Goto(c);
+        if (!new_s) {
+            new_s = new_state();
+            new_s->_depth = state->_depth + 1;
+            state->Set_Goto(c, new_s);
+        }
+        state = new_s;
+    }
+    state->_is_terminal = true;
+    state->set_Pattern_Idx(pattern_idx);
+}
+
+void
+ACS_Constructor::Propagate_faillink() {
+    ACS_State* r = _root;
+    std::vector<ACS_State*> wl;
+
+    const ACS_Goto_Map& m = r->Get_Goto_Map();
+    for (ACS_Goto_Map::const_iterator i = m.begin(), e = m.end(); i != e; i++) {
+        ACS_State* s = i->second;
+        s->_fail_link = r;
+        wl.push_back(s);
+    }
+
+    // For any input c, make sure "goto(root, c)" is valid, which make the
+    // fail-link propagation lot easier.
+    ACS_Goto_Map goto_save = r->_goto_map;
+    for (uint32 i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
+        ACS_State* s = r->Get_Goto(i);
+        if (!s) r->Set_Goto(i, r);
+    }
+
+    for (uint32 i = 0; i < wl.size(); i++) {
+        ACS_State* s = wl[i];
+        ACS_State* fl = s->_fail_link;
+
+        const ACS_Goto_Map& tran_map = s->Get_Goto_Map();
+
+        for (ACS_Goto_Map::const_iterator ii = tran_map.begin(),
+                ee = tran_map.end(); ii != ee; ii++) {
+            InputTy c = ii->first;
+            ACS_State *tran = ii->second;
+
+            ACS_State* tran_fl = 0;
+            for (ACS_State* fl_walk = fl; ;) {
+                if (ACS_State* t = fl_walk->Get_Goto(c)) {
+                    tran_fl = t;
+                    break;
+                } else {
+                    fl_walk = fl_walk->Get_FailLink();
+                }
+            }
+
+            tran->_fail_link = tran_fl;
+            wl.push_back(tran);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Remove "goto(root, c) == root" transitions
+    r->_goto_map = goto_save;
+}
+
+void
+ACS_Constructor::Construct(const char** strv, unsigned int* strlenv,
+                           uint32 strnum) {
+    Save_Patterns(strv, strlenv, strnum);
+
+    for (uint32 i = 0; i < strnum; i++) {
+        Add_Pattern(strv[i], strlenv[i], i);
+    }
+
+    Propagate_faillink();
+    unsigned char* p = _root_char;
+
+    const ACS_Goto_Map& m = _root->Get_Goto_Map();
+    for (ACS_Goto_Map::const_iterator i = m.begin(), e = m.end();
+            i != e; i++) {
+        p[i->first] = 1;
+    }
+}
+
+Match_Result
+ACS_Constructor::MatchHelper(const char *str, uint32 len) const {
+    const ACS_State* root = _root;
+    const ACS_State* state = root;
+
+    uint32 idx = 0;
+    while (idx < len) {
+        InputTy c = str[idx];
+        idx++;
+        if (_root_char[c]) {
+            state = root->Get_Goto(c);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (unlikely(state->is_Terminal())) {
+        // This could happen if the one of the pattern has only one char!
+        uint32 pos = idx - 1;
+        Match_Result r(pos - state->Get_Depth() + 1, pos,
+                       state->get_Pattern_Idx());
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    while (idx < len) {
+        InputTy c = str[idx];
+        ACS_State* gs = state->Get_Goto(c);
+
+        if (!gs) {
+            ACS_State* fl = state->Get_FailLink();
+            if (fl == root) {
+                while (idx < len) {
+                    InputTy c = str[idx];
+                    idx++;
+                    if (_root_char[c]) {
+                        state = root->Get_Goto(c);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                state = fl;
+            }
+        } else {
+            idx ++;
+            state = gs;
+        }
+
+        if (state->is_Terminal()) {
+            uint32 pos = idx - 1;
+            Match_Result r = Match_Result(pos - state->Get_Depth() + 1, pos,
+                                          state->get_Pattern_Idx());
+            return r;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return Match_Result(-1, -1, -1);
+}
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+void
+ACS_Constructor::dump_text(const char* txtfile) const {
+    FILE* f = fopen(txtfile, "w+");
+    for (std::vector<ACS_State*>::const_iterator i = _all_states.begin(),
+            e = _all_states.end(); i != e; i++) {
+        ACS_State* s = *i;
+
+        fprintf(f, "S%d goto:{", s->Get_ID());
+        const ACS_Goto_Map& goto_func = s->Get_Goto_Map();
+
+        for (ACS_Goto_Map::const_iterator i = goto_func.begin(), e = goto_func.end();
+              i != e; i++) {
+            InputTy input = i->first;
+            ACS_State* tran = i->second;
+            if (isprint(input))
+                fprintf(f, "'%c' -> S:%d,", input, tran->Get_ID());
+            else
+                fprintf(f, "%#x -> S:%d,", input, tran->Get_ID());
+        }
+        fprintf(f, "} ");
+
+        if (s->_fail_link) {
+            fprintf(f, ", fail=S:%d", s->_fail_link->Get_ID());
+        }
+
+        if (s->_is_terminal) {
+            fprintf(f, ", terminal");
+        }
+
+        fprintf(f, "\n");
+    }
+    fclose(f);
+}
+
+void
+ACS_Constructor::dump_dot(const char *dotfile) const {
+    FILE* f = fopen(dotfile, "w+");
+    const char* indent = "  ";
+
+    fprintf(f, "digraph G {\n");
+
+    // Emit node information
+    fprintf(f, "%s%d [style=filled];\n", indent, _root->Get_ID());
+    for (std::vector<ACS_State*>::const_iterator i = _all_states.begin(),
+            e = _all_states.end(); i != e; i++) {
+        ACS_State *s = *i;
+        if (s->_is_terminal) {
+            fprintf(f, "%s%d [shape=doublecircle];\n", indent, s->Get_ID());
+        }
+    }
+    fprintf(f, "\n");
+
+    // Emit edge information
+    for (std::vector<ACS_State*>::const_iterator i = _all_states.begin(),
+            e = _all_states.end(); i != e; i++) {
+        ACS_State* s = *i;
+        uint32 id = s->Get_ID();
+
+        const ACS_Goto_Map& m = s->Get_Goto_Map();
+        for (ACS_Goto_Map::const_iterator ii = m.begin(), ee = m.end();
+             ii != ee; ii++) {
+            InputTy input = ii->first;
+            ACS_State* tran = ii->second;
+            if (isalnum(input))
+                fprintf(f, "%s%d -> %d [label=%c];\n",
+                        indent, id, tran->Get_ID(), input);
+            else
+                fprintf(f, "%s%d -> %d [label=\"%#x\"];\n",
+                        indent, id, tran->Get_ID(), input);
+
+        }
+
+        // Emit fail-link
+        ACS_State* fl = s->Get_FailLink();
+        if (fl && fl != _root) {
+            fprintf(f, "%s%d -> %d [style=dotted, color=red]; \n",
+                    indent, id, fl->Get_ID());
+        }
+    }
+    fprintf(f, "}\n");
+    fclose(f);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef VERIFY
+void
+ACS_Constructor::Verify_Result(const char* subject, const Match_Result* r)
+    const {
+    if (r->begin >= 0) {
+        unsigned len = r->end - r->begin + 1;
+        int ptn_idx = r->pattern_idx;
+
+        ASSERT(ptn_idx >= 0 &&
+               len == get_ith_Pattern_Len(ptn_idx) &&
+               memcmp(subject + r->begin, get_ith_Pattern(ptn_idx), len) == 0);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+ACS_Constructor::Save_Patterns(const char** strv, unsigned int* strlenv,
+                               int pattern_num) {
+    // calculate the total size needed to save all patterns.
+    //
+    int buf_size = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < pattern_num; i++) { buf_size += strlenv[i]; }
+
+    // HINT: patterns are delimited by '\0' in order to ease debugging.
+    buf_size += pattern_num;
+    ASSERT(_pattern_buf == 0);
+    _pattern_buf = new char[buf_size + 1];
+    #define MAGIC_NUM 0x5a
+    _pattern_buf[buf_size] = MAGIC_NUM;
+
+    int ofst = 0;
+    _pattern_lens.resize(pattern_num);
+    _pattern_vect.resize(pattern_num);
+    for (int i = 0; i < pattern_num; i++) {
+        int l = strlenv[i];
+        _pattern_lens[i] = l;
+        _pattern_vect[i] = _pattern_buf + ofst;
+
+        memcpy(_pattern_buf + ofst, strv[i], l);
+        ofst += l;
+        _pattern_buf[ofst++] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    ASSERT(_pattern_buf[buf_size] == MAGIC_NUM);
+    #undef MAGIC_NUM
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_slow.hpp b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_slow.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..030b95d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_slow.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+#ifndef MY_AC_H
+#define MY_AC_H
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm> // for std::sort
+#include "ac_util.hpp"
+
+// Forward decl. the acronym "ACS" stands for "Aho-Corasick Slow implementation"
+class ACS_State;
+class ACS_Constructor;
+class AhoCorasick;
+
+using namespace std;
+
+typedef std::map<InputTy, ACS_State*> ACS_Goto_Map;
+
+class Match_Result {
+public:
+    int begin;
+    int end;
+    int pattern_idx;
+    Match_Result(int b, int e, int p): begin(b), end(e), pattern_idx(p) {}
+};
+
+typedef pair<InputTy, ACS_State *> GotoPair;
+typedef vector<GotoPair> GotoVect;
+
+// Sorting functor
+class GotoSort {
+public:
+    bool operator() (const GotoPair& g1, const GotoPair& g2) {
+        return g1.first < g2.first;
+    }
+};
+
+class ACS_State {
+friend class ACS_Constructor;
+
+public:
+    ACS_State(uint32 id): _id(id), _pattern_idx(-1), _depth(0),
+                          _is_terminal(false), _fail_link(0){}
+    ~ACS_State() {};
+
+    void Set_Goto(InputTy c, ACS_State* s) { _goto_map[c] = s; }
+    ACS_State *Get_Goto(InputTy c) const {
+        ACS_Goto_Map::const_iterator iter = _goto_map.find(c);
+        return iter != _goto_map.end() ? (*iter).second : 0;
+    }
+
+    // Return all transitions sorted in the ascending order of their input.
+    void Get_Sorted_Gotos(GotoVect& Gotos) const {
+        const ACS_Goto_Map& m = _goto_map;
+        Gotos.clear();
+        for (ACS_Goto_Map::const_iterator i = m.begin(), e = m.end();
+                i != e; i++) {
+            Gotos.push_back(GotoPair(i->first, i->second));
+        }
+        sort(Gotos.begin(), Gotos.end(), GotoSort());
+    }
+
+    ACS_State* Get_FailLink() const { return _fail_link; }
+    uint32 Get_GotoNum() const { return _goto_map.size(); }
+    uint32 Get_ID() const { return _id; }
+    uint32 Get_Depth() const { return _depth; }
+    const ACS_Goto_Map& Get_Goto_Map(void) const { return _goto_map; }
+    bool is_Terminal() const { return _is_terminal; }
+    int get_Pattern_Idx() const {
+        ASSERT(is_Terminal() && _pattern_idx >= 0);
+        return _pattern_idx;
+    }
+
+private:
+    void set_Pattern_Idx(int idx) {
+        ASSERT(is_Terminal());
+        _pattern_idx = idx;
+    }
+
+private:
+    uint32 _id;
+    int _pattern_idx;
+    short _depth;
+    bool _is_terminal;
+    ACS_Goto_Map _goto_map;
+    ACS_State* _fail_link;
+};
+
+class ACS_Constructor {
+public:
+    ACS_Constructor();
+    ~ACS_Constructor();
+
+    void Construct(const char** strv, unsigned int* strlenv,
+                   unsigned int strnum);
+
+    Match_Result Match(const char* s, uint32 len) const {
+        Match_Result r = MatchHelper(s, len);
+        Verify_Result(s, &r);
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    Match_Result Match(const char* s) const { return Match(s, strlen(s)); }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+    void dump_text(const char* = "ac.txt") const;
+    void dump_dot(const char* = "ac.dot") const;
+#endif
+    const ACS_State *Get_Root_State() const { return _root; }
+    const vector<ACS_State*>& Get_All_States() const {
+        return _all_states;
+    }
+
+    uint32 Get_Next_Node_Id() const { return _next_node_id; }
+    uint32 Get_State_Num() const { return _next_node_id - 1; }
+
+private:
+    void Add_Pattern(const char* str, unsigned int str_len, int pattern_idx);
+    ACS_State* new_state();
+    void Propagate_faillink();
+
+    Match_Result MatchHelper(const char*, uint32 len) const;
+
+#ifdef VERIFY
+    void Verify_Result(const char* subject, const Match_Result* r) const;
+    void Save_Patterns(const char** strv, unsigned int* strlenv, int vect_len);
+    const char* get_ith_Pattern(unsigned i) const {
+        ASSERT(i < _pattern_vect.size());
+        return _pattern_vect.at(i);
+    }
+    unsigned get_ith_Pattern_Len(unsigned i) const {
+        ASSERT(i < _pattern_lens.size());
+        return _pattern_lens.at(i);
+    }
+#else
+    void Verify_Result(const char* subject, const Match_Result* r) const {
+        (void)subject; (void)r;
+    }
+    void Save_Patterns(const char** strv, unsigned int* strlenv, int vect_len) {
+        (void)strv; (void)strlenv;
+    }
+#endif
+
+private:
+    ACS_State* _root;
+    vector<ACS_State*> _all_states;
+    unsigned char* _root_char;
+    uint32 _next_node_id;
+
+#ifdef VERIFY
+    char* _pattern_buf;
+    vector<int> _pattern_lens;
+    vector<char*> _pattern_vect;
+#endif
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_util.hpp b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_util.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56fd46c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/ac_util.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+  Copyright (c) 2014 CloudFlare, Inc. All rights reserved.
+
+  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+  met:
+
+     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+  notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+  copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+  in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+  distribution.
+     * Neither the name of CloudFlare, Inc. nor the names of its
+  contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+  this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+  "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+  LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+  OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+  SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+  LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+  DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+  THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+  OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+*/
+#ifndef AC_UTIL_H
+#define AC_UTIL_H
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+#include <stdio.h>   // for fprintf
+#include <stdlib.h>  // for abort
+#endif
+
+typedef unsigned short uint16;
+typedef unsigned int uint32;
+typedef unsigned long uint64;
+typedef unsigned char InputTy;
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+    // Usage examples: ASSERT(a > b),  ASSERT(foo() && "Opps, foo() reutrn 0");
+    #define ASSERT(c) if (!(c))\
+        { fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d Assert: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, #c); abort(); }
+#else
+    #define ASSERT(c) ((void)0)
+#endif
+
+#define likely(x)   __builtin_expect((x),1)
+#define unlikely(x) __builtin_expect((x),0)
+
+#ifndef offsetof
+#define offsetof(st, m) ((size_t)(&((st *)0)->m))
+#endif
+
+typedef enum {
+    IMPL_SLOW_VARIANT = 1,
+    IMPL_FAST_VARIANT = 2,
+} impl_var_t;
+
+#define AC_MAGIC_NUM 0x5a
+typedef struct {
+    unsigned char magic_num;
+    unsigned char impl_variant;
+} buf_header_t;
+
+#endif //AC_UTIL_H
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/load_ac.lua b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/load_ac.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb70446
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/load_ac.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+-- Helper wrappring script for loading shared object libac.so (FFI interface)
+-- from package.cpath instead of LD_LIBRARTY_PATH.
+--
+
+local ffi = require 'ffi'
+ffi.cdef[[
+  void* ac_create(const char** str_v, unsigned int* strlen_v,
+                  unsigned int v_len);
+  int ac_match2(void*, const char *str, int len);
+  void ac_free(void*);
+]]
+
+local _M = {}
+
+local string_gmatch = string.gmatch
+local string_match = string.match
+
+local ac_lib = nil
+local ac_create = nil
+local ac_match = nil
+local ac_free = nil
+
+--[[ Find shared object file package.cpath, obviating the need of setting
+   LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+]]
+local function find_shared_obj(cpath, so_name)
+    for k, v in string_gmatch(cpath, "[^;]+") do
+        local so_path = string_match(k, "(.*/)")
+        if so_path then
+            -- "so_path" could be nil. e.g, the dir path component is "."
+            so_path = so_path .. so_name
+
+            -- Don't get me wrong, the only way to know if a file exist is
+            -- trying to open it.
+            local f = io.open(so_path)
+            if f ~= nil then
+                io.close(f)
+                return so_path
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+function _M.load_ac_lib()
+    if ac_lib ~= nil then
+        return ac_lib
+    else
+        local so_path = find_shared_obj(package.cpath, "libac.so")
+        if so_path ~= nil then
+            ac_lib = ffi.load(so_path)
+            ac_create = ac_lib.ac_create
+            ac_match = ac_lib.ac_match2
+            ac_free = ac_lib.ac_free
+            return ac_lib
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+-- Create an Aho-Corasick instance, and return the instance if it was
+-- successful.
+function _M.create_ac(dict)
+    local strnum = #dict
+    if ac_lib == nil then
+        _M.load_ac_lib()
+    end
+
+    local str_v = ffi.new("const char *[?]", strnum)
+    local strlen_v = ffi.new("unsigned int [?]", strnum)
+
+    for i = 1, strnum do
+        local s = dict[i]
+        str_v[i - 1] = s
+        strlen_v[i - 1] = #s
+    end
+
+    local ac = ac_create(str_v, strlen_v, strnum);
+    if ac ~= nil then
+        return ffi.gc(ac, ac_free)
+    end
+end
+
+-- Return nil if str doesn't match the dictionary, else return non-nil.
+function _M.match(ac, str)
+    local r = ac_match(ac, str, #str);
+    if r >= 0 then
+        return r
+    end
+end
+
+return _M
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/mytest.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/mytest.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef3dc87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/mytest.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ac.h"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//         Test using strings from input files
+//
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+class BigFileTester {
+public:
+    BigFileTester(const char* filepath);
+
+private:
+    void Genector
+privaete:
+    const char* _msg;
+    int _msg_len;
+    int _key_num;     // number of strings in dictionary
+    int _key_len_idx;
+};
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//          Simple (yet maybe tricky) testings
+//
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+typedef struct {
+    const char* str;
+    const char* match;
+} StrPair;
+
+typedef struct {
+    const char* name;
+    const char** dict;
+    StrPair* strpairs;
+    int dict_len;
+    int strpair_num;
+} TestingCase;
+
+class Tests {
+public:
+    Tests(const char* name,
+          const char* dict[], int dict_len,
+          StrPair strpairs[], int strpair_num) {
+        if (!_tests)
+            _tests = new vector<TestingCase>;
+
+        TestingCase tc;
+        tc.name = name;
+        tc.dict = dict;
+        tc.strpairs = strpairs;
+        tc.dict_len = dict_len;
+        tc.strpair_num = strpair_num;
+        _tests->push_back(tc);
+    }
+
+    static vector<TestingCase>* Get_Tests() { return _tests; }
+    static void Erase_Tests() { delete _tests; _tests = 0; }
+
+private:
+    static vector<TestingCase> *_tests;
+};
+
+vector<TestingCase>* Tests::_tests = 0;
+
+static void
+simple_test(void) {
+    int total = 0;
+    int fail = 0;
+
+    vector<TestingCase> *tests = Tests::Get_Tests();
+    if (!tests)
+        return 0;
+
+    for (vector<TestingCase>::iterator i = tests->begin(), e = tests->end();
+            i != e; i++) {
+        TestingCase& t = *i;
+        fprintf(stdout, ">Testing %s\nDictionary:[ ", t.name);
+        for (int i = 0, e = t.dict_len, need_break=0; i < e; i++) {
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s, ", t.dict[i]);
+            if (need_break++ == 16) {
+                fputs("\n  ", stdout);
+                need_break = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        fputs("]\n", stdout);
+
+        /* Create the dictionary */
+        int dict_len = t.dict_len;
+        ac_t* ac = ac_create(t.dict, dict_len);
+
+        for (int ii = 0, ee = t.strpair_num; ii < ee; ii++, total++) {
+            const StrPair& sp = t.strpairs[ii];
+            const char *str = sp.str; // the string to be matched
+            const char *match = sp.match;
+
+            fprintf(stdout, "[%3d] Testing '%s' : ", total, str);
+
+            int len = strlen(str);
+            ac_result_t r = ac_match(ac, str, len);
+            int m_b = r.match_begin;
+            int m_e = r.match_end;
+
+            // The return value per se is insane.
+            if (m_b > m_e ||
+                ((m_b < 0 || m_e < 0) && (m_b != -1 || m_e != -1))) {
+                fprintf(stdout, "Insane return value (%d, %d)\n", m_b, m_e);
+                fail ++;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // If the string is not supposed to match the dictionary.
+            if (!match) {
+                if (m_b != -1 || m_e != -1) {
+                    fail ++;
+                    fprintf(stdout, "Not Supposed to match (%d, %d) \n",
+                            m_b, m_e);
+                } else
+                    fputs("Pass\n", stdout);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // The string or its substring is match the dict.
+            if (m_b >= len || m_b >= len) {
+                fail ++;
+                fprintf(stdout,
+                        "Return value >= the length of the string (%d, %d)\n",
+                        m_b, m_e);
+                continue;
+            } else {
+                int mlen = strlen(match);
+                if ((mlen != m_e - m_b + 1) ||
+                    strncmp(str + m_b, match, mlen)) {
+                    fail ++;
+                    fprintf(stdout, "Fail\n");
+                } else
+                    fprintf(stdout, "Pass\n");
+            }
+        }
+        fputs("\n", stdout);
+        ac_free(ac);
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stdout, "Total : %d, Fail %d\n", total, fail);
+
+    return fail ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+int
+main (int argc, char** argv) {
+    int res = simple_test();
+    return res;
+};
+
+/* test 1*/
+const char *dict1[] = {"he", "she", "his", "her"};
+StrPair strpair1[] = {
+    {"he", "he"}, {"she", "she"}, {"his", "his"},
+    {"hers", "he"}, {"ahe", "he"}, {"shhe", "he"},
+    {"shis2", "his"}, {"ahhe", "he"}
+};
+Tests test1("test 1",
+            dict1, sizeof(dict1)/sizeof(dict1[0]),
+            strpair1, sizeof(strpair1)/sizeof(strpair1[0]));
+
+/* test 2*/
+const char *dict2[] = {"poto", "poto"}; /* duplicated strings*/
+StrPair strpair2[] = {{"The pot had a handle", 0}};
+Tests test2("test 2", dict2, 2, strpair2, 1);
+
+/* test 3*/
+const char *dict3[] = {"The"};
+StrPair strpair3[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "The"}};
+Tests test3("test 3", dict3, 1, strpair3, 1);
+
+/* test 4*/
+const char *dict4[] = {"pot"};
+StrPair strpair4[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "pot"}};
+Tests test4("test 4", dict4, 1, strpair4, 1);
+
+/* test 5*/
+const char *dict5[] = {"pot "};
+StrPair strpair5[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "pot "}};
+Tests test5("test 5", dict5, 1, strpair5, 1);
+
+/* test 6*/
+const char *dict6[] = {"ot h"};
+StrPair strpair6[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "ot h"}};
+Tests test6("test 6", dict6, 1, strpair6, 1);
+
+/* test 7*/
+const char *dict7[] = {"andle"};
+StrPair strpair7[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "andle"}};
+Tests test7("test 7", dict7, 1, strpair7, 1);
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/Makefile b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54fd90f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+OS := $(shell uname)
+ifeq ($(OS), Darwin)
+    SO_EXT := dylib
+else
+    SO_EXT := so
+endif
+
+.PHONY = all clean test runtest benchmark
+
+PROGRAM = ac_test
+BENCHMARK = ac_bench
+all: runtest
+
+CXXFLAGS = -O3 -g -march=native -Wall -DDEBUG
+MYCXXFLAGS = -MMD -I.. $(CXXFLAGS)
+%.o : %.cxx
+	$(CXX) $< -c $(MYCXXFLAGS)
+
+-include dep.cxx
+SRC = test_main.cxx ac_test_simple.cxx ac_test_aggr.cxx test_bigfile.cxx
+
+OBJ = ${SRC:.cxx=.o}
+
+-include test_dep.txt
+-include bench_dep.txt
+
+$(PROGRAM) $(BENCHMARK) : testinput/text.tar testinput/image.bin
+$(PROGRAM) : $(OBJ) ../libac.$(SO_EXT)
+	$(CXX) $(OBJ) -L.. -lac -o $@
+	-cat *.d > test_dep.txt
+
+$(BENCHMARK) : ac_bench.o ../libac.$(SO_EXT)
+	$(CXX) ac_bench.o -L.. -lac -o $@
+	-cat *.d > bench_dep.txt
+
+ifneq ($(OS), Darwin)
+runtest:$(PROGRAM)
+	LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$(LD_LIBRARY_PATH):.. ./$(PROGRAM) testinput/*
+
+benchmark:$(BENCHMARK)
+	LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$(LD_LIBRARY_PATH):.. ./ac_bench
+
+else
+runtest:$(PROGRAM)
+	DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$(DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH):.. ./$(PROGRAM) testinput/*
+
+benchmark:$(BENCHMARK)
+	DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$(DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH):.. ./ac_bench
+
+endif
+
+testinput/text.tar:
+	echo "download testing files (gcc tarball)..."
+	if [ ! -d testinput ] ; then mkdir testinput; fi
+	cd testinput && \
+	curl ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-1.42.tar.gz -o text.tar.gz 2>/dev/null \
+    && gzip -d text.tar.gz
+
+testinput/image.bin:
+	echo "download testing files.."
+	if [ ! -d testinput ] ; then mkdir testinput; fi
+	curl http://www.3dvisionlive.com/sites/default/files/Curiosity_render_hiresb.jpg -o $@ 2>/dev/null
+
+clean:
+	-rm -f *.o *.d dep.txt $(PROGRAM) $(BENCHMARK)
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_bench.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_bench.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..421322c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_bench.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ac.h"
+#include "ac_util.hpp"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+static bool SomethingWrong = false;
+
+static int iteration = 300;
+static string dict_dir;
+static string obj_file_dir;
+static bool print_help = false;
+static int piece_size = 1024;
+
+class PatternSet {
+public:
+    PatternSet(const char* filepath);
+    ~PatternSet() { Cleanup(); }
+
+    int getPatternNum() const { return _pat_num; }
+    const char** getPatternVector() const { return _patterns; }
+    unsigned int* getPatternLenVector() const { return _pat_len; }
+
+    const char* getErrMessage() const { return _errmsg; }
+    static bool isDictFile(const char* filepath) {
+        if (strncmp(basename(const_cast<char*>(filepath)), "dict", 4))
+            return false;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+private:
+    bool ExtractPattern(const char* filepath);
+    void Cleanup();
+
+    const char** _patterns;
+    unsigned int* _pat_len;
+    char* _mmap;
+    int _fd;
+    size_t _mmap_size;
+    int _pat_num;
+
+    const char* _errmsg;
+};
+
+bool
+PatternSet::ExtractPattern(const char* filepath) {
+    if (!isDictFile(filepath))
+        return false;
+
+    struct stat filestat;
+    if (stat(filepath, &filestat)) {
+        _errmsg = "fail to call stat()";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (filestat.st_size > 4096 * 1024) {
+        /* It dosen't seem to be a dictionary file*/
+        _errmsg = "file too big?";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    _fd = open(filepath, 0);
+    if (_fd == -1) {
+        _errmsg = "fail to open dictionary file";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    _mmap_size = filestat.st_size;
+    _mmap = (char*)mmap(0, filestat.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+                        MAP_PRIVATE, _fd, 0);
+    if (_mmap == MAP_FAILED) {
+        _errmsg = "fail to call mmap";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const char* pat = _mmap;
+    vector<const char*> pat_vect;
+    vector<unsigned> pat_len_vect;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0, e = filestat.st_size; i < e; i++) {
+        if (_mmap[i] == '\r' || _mmap[i] == '\n') {
+            _mmap[i] = '\0';
+            int len = _mmap + i - pat;
+            if (len > 0) {
+                pat_vect.push_back(pat);
+                pat_len_vect.push_back(len);
+            }
+            pat = _mmap + i + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ASSERT(pat_vect.size() == pat_len_vect.size());
+
+    int pat_num = pat_vect.size();
+    if (pat_num > 0) {
+        const char** p = _patterns = new const char*[pat_num];
+        int i = 0;
+        for (vector<const char*>::iterator iter = pat_vect.begin(),
+                iter_e = pat_vect.end(); iter != iter_e; ++iter) {
+            p[i++] = *iter;
+        }
+
+        i = 0;
+        unsigned int* q = _pat_len = new unsigned int[pat_num];
+        for (vector<unsigned>::iterator iter = pat_len_vect.begin(),
+                iter_e = pat_len_vect.end(); iter != iter_e; ++iter) {
+            q[i++] = *iter;
+        }
+    }
+
+    _pat_num = pat_num;
+    if (pat_num <= 0) {
+        _errmsg = "no pattern at all";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void
+PatternSet::Cleanup() {
+    if (_mmap != MAP_FAILED) {
+        munmap(_mmap, _mmap_size);
+        _mmap = (char*)MAP_FAILED;
+        _mmap_size = 0;
+    }
+
+    delete[] _patterns;
+    delete[] _pat_len;
+    if (_fd != -1)
+        close(_fd);
+    _pat_num = -1;
+}
+
+PatternSet::PatternSet(const char* filepath) {
+     _patterns = 0;
+    _pat_len = 0;
+     _mmap = (char*)MAP_FAILED;
+     _mmap_size = 0;
+    _pat_num = -1;
+    _errmsg = "";
+
+    if (!ExtractPattern(filepath))
+        Cleanup();
+}
+
+bool
+getFilesUnderDir(vector<string>& files, const char* path) {
+    files.clear();
+
+    DIR* dir = opendir(path);
+    if (!dir)
+        return false;
+
+    string path_dir = path;
+    path_dir += "/";
+
+    for (;;) {
+        struct dirent* entry = readdir(dir);
+        if (entry) {
+            string filepath = path_dir + entry->d_name;
+            struct stat file_stat;
+            if (stat(filepath.c_str(), &file_stat)) {
+                closedir(dir);
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            if (S_ISREG(file_stat.st_mode))
+                files.push_back(filepath);
+
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (errno) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    closedir(dir);
+    return true;
+}
+
+class Timer {
+public:
+    Timer() {
+        my_clock_gettime(&_start);
+        _stop = _start;
+        _acc.tv_sec = 0;
+        _acc.tv_nsec = 0;
+    }
+
+    const Timer& operator += (const Timer& that) {
+        time_t sec = _acc.tv_sec + that._acc.tv_sec;
+		long nsec = _acc.tv_nsec + that._acc.tv_nsec;
+		if (nsec > 1000000000) {
+			nsec -= 1000000000;
+			sec += 1;
+		}
+		_acc.tv_sec = sec;
+		_acc.tv_nsec = nsec;
+		return *this;
+    }
+
+	// return duration in us
+    size_t getDuration() const {
+		return _acc.tv_sec * (size_t)1000000 + _acc.tv_nsec/1000;
+	}
+
+    void Start(bool acc=true) {
+        my_clock_gettime(&_start);
+    }
+
+    void Stop() {
+        my_clock_gettime(&_stop);
+        struct timespec t = CalcDuration();
+        _acc = add_duration(_acc, t);
+    }
+
+private:
+    int my_clock_gettime(struct timespec* t) {
+#ifdef __linux
+        return clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, t);
+#else
+        struct timeval tv;
+        int rc = gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
+        t->tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;
+        t->tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
+        return rc;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    struct timespec add_duration(const struct timespec& dur1,
+                                 const struct timespec& dur2) {
+        time_t sec = dur1.tv_sec + dur2.tv_sec;
+		long nsec = dur1.tv_nsec + dur2.tv_nsec;
+		if (nsec > 1000000000) {
+			nsec -= 1000000000;
+			sec += 1;
+		}
+        timespec t;
+        t.tv_sec = sec;
+        t.tv_nsec = nsec;
+
+		return t;
+    }
+
+    struct timespec CalcDuration() const {
+        timespec diff;
+        if ((_stop.tv_nsec - _start.tv_nsec)<0) {
+            diff.tv_sec = _stop.tv_sec - _start.tv_sec - 1;
+            diff.tv_nsec = 1000000000 + _stop.tv_nsec - _start.tv_nsec;
+        } else {
+            diff.tv_sec  = _stop.tv_sec - _start.tv_sec;
+            diff.tv_nsec = _stop.tv_nsec - _start.tv_nsec;
+        }
+        return diff;
+    }
+
+    struct timespec _start;
+    struct timespec _stop;
+    struct timespec _acc;
+};
+
+class Benchmark {
+public:
+    Benchmark(const PatternSet& pat_set, const char* infile):
+        _pat_set(pat_set), _infile(infile) {
+        _mmap = (char*)MAP_FAILED;
+        _file_sz = 0;
+        _fd = -1;
+    }
+
+    ~Benchmark() {
+        if (_mmap != MAP_FAILED)
+            munmap(_mmap, _file_sz);
+        if (_fd != -1)
+            close(_fd);
+    }
+
+    bool Run(int iteration);
+    const Timer& getTimer() const { return _timer; }
+
+private:
+    const PatternSet& _pat_set;
+    const char* _infile;
+    char* _mmap;
+    int _fd;
+    size_t _file_sz; // input file size
+    Timer _timer;
+};
+
+bool
+Benchmark::Run(int iteration) {
+    if (_pat_set.getPatternNum() <= 0) {
+        SomethingWrong = true;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (_mmap == MAP_FAILED) {
+        struct stat filestat;
+        if (stat(_infile, &filestat)) {
+            SomethingWrong = true;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (!S_ISREG(filestat.st_mode)) {
+            SomethingWrong = true;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        _fd = open(_infile, 0);
+        if (_fd == -1)
+            return false;
+
+        _mmap = (char*)mmap(0, filestat.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+                            MAP_PRIVATE, _fd, 0);
+
+        if (_mmap == MAP_FAILED) {
+            SomethingWrong = true;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        _file_sz = filestat.st_size;
+    }
+
+    ac_t* ac = ac_create(_pat_set.getPatternVector(),
+                         _pat_set.getPatternLenVector(),
+                         _pat_set.getPatternNum());
+    if (!ac) {
+        SomethingWrong = true;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int piece_num = _file_sz/piece_size;
+
+    _timer.Start(false);
+
+    /* Stupid compiler may not be able to promote piece_size into register.
+     * Do it manually.
+     */
+    int piece_sz = piece_size;
+    for (int i = 0; i < iteration; i++) {
+        size_t match_ofst = 0;
+        for (int piece_idx = 0; piece_idx <  piece_num; piece_idx ++) {
+            ac_match2(ac, _mmap + match_ofst, piece_sz);
+            match_ofst += piece_sz;
+        }
+        if (match_ofst != _file_sz)
+            ac_match2(ac, _mmap + match_ofst, _file_sz - match_ofst);
+    }
+    _timer.Stop();
+    return true;
+}
+
+const char* short_opt = "hd:f:i:p:";
+const struct option long_opts[] = {
+    {"help",            no_argument,        0, 'h'},
+    {"iteration",       required_argument,  0, 'i'},
+    {"dictionary-dir",  required_argument,  0, 'd'},
+    {"obj-file-dir",    required_argument,  0, 'f'},
+    {"piece-size",      required_argument,  0, 'p'},
+};
+
+static void
+PrintHelp(const char* prog_name) {
+    const char* msg =
+"Usage %s [OPTIONS]\n"
+"  -d, --dictionary-dir  : specify the dictionary directory (./dict by default)\n"
+"  -f, --obj-file-dir    : specify the object file directory\n"
+"                          (./testinput by default)\n"
+"  -i, --iteration       : Run this many iteration for each pattern match\n"
+"  -p, --piece-size      : The size of 'piece' in byte. The input file is\n"
+"                          divided into pieces, and match function is working\n"
+"                          on one piece at a time. The default size of piece\n"
+"                          is 1k byte.\n";
+
+    fprintf(stdout, msg, prog_name);
+}
+
+static bool
+getOptions(int argc, char** argv) {
+    bool dict_dir_set = false;
+    bool objfile_dir_set = false;
+    int opt_index;
+
+    while (1) {
+        if (print_help) break;
+
+        int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, short_opt, long_opts, &opt_index);
+
+        if (c == -1) break;
+        if (c == 0) { c = long_opts[opt_index].val; }
+
+        switch(c) {
+        case 'h':
+            print_help = true;
+            break;
+
+        case 'i':
+            iteration = atol(optarg);
+            break;
+
+        case 'd':
+            dict_dir = optarg;
+            dict_dir_set = true;
+            break;
+
+        case 'f':
+            obj_file_dir = optarg;
+            objfile_dir_set = true;
+            break;
+
+        case 'p':
+            piece_size = atol(optarg);
+            break;
+
+        case '?':
+        default:
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (print_help)
+        return true;
+
+    string basedir(dirname(argv[0]));
+    if (!dict_dir_set)
+       dict_dir = basedir + "/dict";
+
+    if (!objfile_dir_set)
+        obj_file_dir = basedir + "/testinput";
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    if (!getOptions(argc, argv))
+        return -1;
+
+    if (print_help) {
+        PrintHelp(argv[0]);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+#ifndef __linux
+    fprintf(stdout, "\n!!!WARNING: On this OS, the execution time is measured"
+            " by gettimeofday(2) which is imprecise!!!\n\n");
+#endif
+
+    fprintf(stdout, "Test with iteration = %d, piece size = %d, and",
+            iteration, piece_size);
+    fprintf(stdout, "\n  dictionary dir = %s\n  object file dir = %s\n\n",
+            dict_dir.c_str(), obj_file_dir.c_str());
+
+    vector<string> dict_files;
+    vector<string> input_files;
+
+    if (!getFilesUnderDir(dict_files, dict_dir.c_str())) {
+        fprintf(stdout, "fail to find dictionary files\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (!getFilesUnderDir(input_files, obj_file_dir.c_str())) {
+        fprintf(stdout, "fail to find test input files\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    for (vector<string>::iterator diter = dict_files.begin(),
+        diter_e = dict_files.end(); diter != diter_e; ++diter) {
+
+        const char* dict_name = diter->c_str();
+        if (!PatternSet::isDictFile(dict_name))
+            continue;
+
+        PatternSet ps(dict_name);
+        if (ps.getPatternNum() <= 0) {
+            fprintf(stdout, "fail to open dictionary file %s : %s\n",
+                    dict_name, ps.getErrMessage());
+            SomethingWrong = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        fprintf(stdout, "Using dictionary %s\n", dict_name);
+        Timer timer;
+        for (vector<string>::iterator iter = input_files.begin(),
+                iter_e = input_files.end(); iter != iter_e; ++iter) {
+            fprintf(stdout, "  testing %s ... ", iter->c_str());
+            fflush(stdout);
+            Benchmark bm(ps, iter->c_str());
+            bm.Run(iteration);
+            const Timer& t = bm.getTimer();
+            timer += bm.getTimer();
+            fprintf(stdout, "elapsed %.3f\n", t.getDuration() / 1000000.0);
+        }
+
+        fprintf(stdout,
+                "\n==========================================================\n"
+                " Total Elapse %.3f\n\n", timer.getDuration() / 1000000.0);
+    }
+
+    return SomethingWrong ? -1 : 0;
+}
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_test_aggr.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_test_aggr.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ea02bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_test_aggr.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "ac.h"
+#include "ac_util.hpp"
+#include "test_base.hpp"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+namespace {
+class ACBigFileTester : public BigFileTester {
+public:
+    ACBigFileTester(const char* filepath) : BigFileTester(filepath){};
+
+private:
+    virtual buf_header_t* PM_Create(const char** strv, uint32* strlenv,
+                                    uint32 vect_len) {
+        return (buf_header_t*)ac_create(strv, strlenv, vect_len);
+    }
+
+    virtual void PM_Free(buf_header_t* PM) { ac_free(PM); }
+    virtual bool Run_Helper(buf_header_t* PM);
+};
+
+class ACTestAggressive: public ACTestBase {
+public:
+    ACTestAggressive(const vector<const char*>& files, const char* banner)
+        : ACTestBase(banner), _files(files) {}
+    virtual bool Run();
+
+private:
+    void PrintSummary(int total, int fail)  {
+        fprintf(stdout, "Test count : %d, fail: %d\n", total, fail);
+        fflush(stdout);
+    }
+    vector<const char*> _files;
+};
+
+} // end of anonymous namespace
+
+bool
+ACBigFileTester::Run_Helper(buf_header_t* PM) {
+    int fail = 0;
+    // advance one chunk at a time.
+    int len = _msg_len;
+    int chunk_sz = _chunk_sz;
+
+    vector<const char*> c_style_keys;
+    for (int i = 0, e = _keys.size(); i != e; i++) {
+        const char* key = _keys[i].first;
+        int len = _keys[i].second;
+        char *t = new char[len+1];
+        memcpy(t, key, len);
+        t[len] = '\0';
+        c_style_keys.push_back(t);
+    }
+
+    for (int ofst = 0, chunk_idx = 0, chunk_num = _chunk_num;
+         chunk_idx < chunk_num; ofst += chunk_sz, chunk_idx++) {
+        const char* substring = _msg + ofst;
+        ac_result_t r = ac_match((ac_t*)(void*)PM, substring , len - ofst);
+        int m_b = r.match_begin;
+        int m_e = r.match_end;
+
+        if (m_b < 0 || m_e < 0 || m_e <= m_b || m_e >= len) {
+            fprintf(stdout, "fail to find match substring[%d:%d])\n",
+                    ofst, len - 1);
+            fail ++;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        const char* match_str = _msg + len;
+        int strstr_len = 0;
+        int key_idx = -1;
+
+        for (int i = 0, e = c_style_keys.size(); i != e; i++) {
+            const char* key = c_style_keys[i];
+            if (const char *m = strstr(substring, key)) {
+                if (m < match_str) {
+                    match_str = m;
+                    strstr_len = _keys[i].second;
+                    key_idx = i;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        ASSERT(key_idx != -1);
+        if ((match_str - substring != m_b)) {
+            fprintf(stdout,
+                   "Fail to find match substring[%d:%d]),"
+                   " expected to find match at offset %d instead of %d\n",
+                    ofst, len - 1,
+                    (int)(match_str - _msg), ofst + m_b);
+            fprintf(stdout, "%d vs %d (key idx %d)\n", strstr_len, m_e - m_b + 1, key_idx);
+            PrintStr(stdout, match_str, strstr_len);
+            fprintf(stdout, "\n");
+            PrintStr(stdout, _msg + ofst + m_b,
+                     m_e - m_b + 1);
+            fprintf(stdout, "\n");
+            fail ++;
+        }
+    }
+    for (vector<const char*>::iterator i = c_style_keys.begin(),
+            e = c_style_keys.end(); i != e; i++) {
+        delete[] *i;
+    }
+
+    return fail == 0;
+}
+
+bool
+ACTestAggressive::Run() {
+    int fail = 0;
+    for (vector<const char*>::iterator i = _files.begin(), e = _files.end();
+         i != e; i++) {
+        ACBigFileTester bft(*i);
+        if (!bft.Run())
+            fail ++;
+    }
+    return fail == 0;
+}
+
+bool
+Run_AC_Aggressive_Test(const vector<const char*>& files) {
+    ACTestAggressive t(files, "AC Aggressive test");
+    t.PrintBanner();
+    return t.Run();
+}
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_test_simple.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_test_simple.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa2d7fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/ac_test_simple.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "ac.h"
+#include "ac_util.hpp"
+#include "test_base.hpp"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+namespace {
+typedef struct {
+    const char* str;
+    const char* match;
+} StrPair;
+
+typedef enum {
+    MV_FIRST_MATCH = 0,
+    MV_LEFT_LONGEST = 1,
+} MatchVariant;
+
+typedef struct {
+    const char* name;
+    const char** dict;
+    StrPair* strpairs;
+    int dict_len;
+    int strpair_num;
+    MatchVariant match_variant;
+} TestingCase;
+
+class Tests {
+public:
+    Tests(const char* name,
+          const char* dict[], int dict_len,
+          StrPair strpairs[], int strpair_num,
+          MatchVariant mv = MV_FIRST_MATCH) {
+        if (!_tests)
+            _tests = new vector<TestingCase>;
+
+        TestingCase tc;
+        tc.name = name;
+        tc.dict = dict;
+        tc.strpairs = strpairs;
+        tc.dict_len = dict_len;
+        tc.strpair_num = strpair_num;
+        tc.match_variant = mv;
+        _tests->push_back(tc);
+    }
+
+    static vector<TestingCase>* Get_Tests() { return _tests; }
+    static void Erase_Tests() { delete _tests; _tests = 0; }
+
+private:
+    static vector<TestingCase> *_tests;
+};
+
+class LeftLongestTests : public Tests {
+public:
+    LeftLongestTests (const char* name, const char* dict[], int dict_len,
+                      StrPair strpairs[], int strpair_num):
+        Tests(name, dict, dict_len, strpairs, strpair_num, MV_LEFT_LONGEST) {
+    }
+};
+
+vector<TestingCase>* Tests::_tests = 0;
+
+class ACTestSimple: public ACTestBase {
+public:
+    ACTestSimple(const char* banner) : ACTestBase(banner) {}
+    virtual bool Run();
+
+private:
+    void PrintSummary(int total, int fail)  {
+        fprintf(stdout, "Test count : %d, fail: %d\n", total, fail);
+        fflush(stdout);
+    }
+};
+}
+
+bool
+ACTestSimple::Run() {
+    int total = 0;
+    int fail = 0;
+
+    vector<TestingCase> *tests = Tests::Get_Tests();
+    if (!tests) {
+        PrintSummary(0, 0);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    for (vector<TestingCase>::iterator i = tests->begin(), e = tests->end();
+            i != e; i++) {
+        TestingCase& t = *i;
+        int dict_len = t.dict_len;
+        unsigned int* strlen_v = new unsigned int[dict_len];
+
+        fprintf(stdout, ">Testing %s\nDictionary:[ ", t.name);
+        for (int i = 0, need_break=0; i < dict_len; i++) {
+            const char* s = t.dict[i];
+            fprintf(stdout, "%s, ", s);
+            strlen_v[i] = strlen(s);
+            if (need_break++ == 16) {
+                fputs("\n  ", stdout);
+                need_break = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        fputs("]\n", stdout);
+
+        /* Create the dictionary */
+        ac_t* ac = ac_create(t.dict, strlen_v, dict_len);
+        delete[] strlen_v;
+
+        for (int ii = 0, ee = t.strpair_num; ii < ee; ii++, total++) {
+            const StrPair& sp = t.strpairs[ii];
+            const char *str = sp.str; // the string to be matched
+            const char *match = sp.match;
+
+            fprintf(stdout, "[%3d] Testing '%s' : ", total, str);
+
+            int len = strlen(str);
+            ac_result_t r;
+            if (t.match_variant == MV_FIRST_MATCH)
+                r = ac_match(ac, str, len);
+            else if (t.match_variant == MV_LEFT_LONGEST)
+                r = ac_match_longest_l(ac, str, len);
+            else {
+                ASSERT(false && "Unknown variant");
+            }
+
+            int m_b = r.match_begin;
+            int m_e = r.match_end;
+
+            // The return value per se is insane.
+            if (m_b > m_e ||
+                ((m_b < 0 || m_e < 0) && (m_b != -1 || m_e != -1))) {
+                fprintf(stdout, "Insane return value (%d, %d)\n", m_b, m_e);
+                fail ++;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // If the string is not supposed to match the dictionary.
+            if (!match) {
+                if (m_b != -1 || m_e != -1) {
+                    fail ++;
+                    fprintf(stdout, "Not Supposed to match (%d, %d) \n",
+                            m_b, m_e);
+                } else
+                    fputs("Pass\n", stdout);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // The string or its substring is match the dict.
+            if (m_b >= len || m_b >= len) {
+                fail ++;
+                fprintf(stdout,
+                        "Return value >= the length of the string (%d, %d)\n",
+                        m_b, m_e);
+                continue;
+            } else {
+                int mlen = strlen(match);
+                if ((mlen != m_e - m_b + 1) ||
+                    strncmp(str + m_b, match, mlen)) {
+                    fail ++;
+                    fprintf(stdout, "Fail\n");
+                } else
+                    fprintf(stdout, "Pass\n");
+            }
+        }
+        fputs("\n", stdout);
+        ac_free(ac);
+    }
+
+    PrintSummary(total, fail);
+    return fail == 0;
+}
+
+bool
+Run_AC_Simple_Test() {
+    ACTestSimple t("AC Simple test");
+    t.PrintBanner();
+    return t.Run();
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//    Testing cases for first-match variant (i.e. test ac_match())
+//
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+
+/* test 1*/
+const char *dict1[] = {"he", "she", "his", "her"};
+StrPair strpair1[] = {
+    {"he", "he"}, {"she", "she"}, {"his", "his"},
+    {"hers", "he"}, {"ahe", "he"}, {"shhe", "he"},
+    {"shis2", "his"}, {"ahhe", "he"}
+};
+Tests test1("test 1",
+            dict1, sizeof(dict1)/sizeof(dict1[0]),
+            strpair1, sizeof(strpair1)/sizeof(strpair1[0]));
+
+/* test 2*/
+const char *dict2[] = {"poto", "poto"}; /* duplicated strings*/
+StrPair strpair2[] = {{"The pot had a handle", 0}};
+Tests test2("test 2", dict2, 2, strpair2, 1);
+
+/* test 3*/
+const char *dict3[] = {"The"};
+StrPair strpair3[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "The"}};
+Tests test3("test 3", dict3, 1, strpair3, 1);
+
+/* test 4*/
+const char *dict4[] = {"pot"};
+StrPair strpair4[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "pot"}};
+Tests test4("test 4", dict4, 1, strpair4, 1);
+
+/* test 5*/
+const char *dict5[] = {"pot "};
+StrPair strpair5[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "pot "}};
+Tests test5("test 5", dict5, 1, strpair5, 1);
+
+/* test 6*/
+const char *dict6[] = {"ot h"};
+StrPair strpair6[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "ot h"}};
+Tests test6("test 6", dict6, 1, strpair6, 1);
+
+/* test 7*/
+const char *dict7[] = {"andle"};
+StrPair strpair7[] = {{"The pot had a handle", "andle"}};
+Tests test7("test 7", dict7, 1, strpair7, 1);
+
+const char *dict8[] = {"aaab"};
+StrPair strpair8[] = {{"aaaaaaab", "aaab"}};
+Tests test8("test 8", dict8, 1, strpair8, 1);
+
+const char *dict9[] = {"haha", "z"};
+StrPair strpair9[] = {{"aaaaz", "z"}, {"z", "z"}};
+Tests test9("test 9", dict9, 2, strpair9, 2);
+
+/* test the case when input string dosen't contain even a single char
+ * of the pattern in dictionary.
+ */
+const char *dict10[] = {"abc"};
+StrPair strpair10[] = {{"cde", 0}};
+Tests test10("test 10", dict10, 1, strpair10, 1);
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//    Testing cases for first longest match variant (i.e.
+// test ac_match_longest_l())
+//
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+
+// This was actually first motivation for left-longest-match
+const char *dict100[] = {"Mozilla", "Mozilla Mobile"};
+StrPair strpair100[] = {{"User Agent containing string Mozilla Mobile", "Mozilla Mobile"}};
+LeftLongestTests test100("l_test 100", dict100, 2, strpair100, 1);
+
+// Dict with single char is tricky
+const char *dict101[] = {"a", "abc"};
+StrPair strpair101[] = {{"abcdef", "abc"}};
+LeftLongestTests test101("l_test 101", dict101, 2, strpair101, 1);
+
+// Testing case with partially overlapping patterns. The purpose is to
+// check if the fail-link leading from terminal state is correct.
+//
+// The fail-link leading from terminal-state does not matter in
+// match-first-occurrence variant, as it stop when a terminal is hit.
+//
+const char *dict102[] = {"abc", "bcdef"};
+StrPair strpair102[] = {{"abcdef", "bcdef"}};
+LeftLongestTests test102("l_test 102", dict102, 2, strpair102, 1);
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/dict/README.txt b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/dict/README.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd50b41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/dict/README.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+This directory contains pattern set of benchmark purpose.
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/dict/dict1.txt b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/dict/dict1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94085a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/dict/dict1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+false_return@
+forloop#haha
+wtfprogram
+mmaporunmap
+ThIs?Module!IsEssential
+struct rtlwtf
+gettIMEOfdayWrong
+edistribution_and_use_in_@source
+Copyright~#@
+while {!
+!%SQLinje
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/load_ac_test.lua b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/load_ac_test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fb7db9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/load_ac_test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+-- This script is to test load_ac.lua
+--
+-- Some notes:
+--   1. The purpose of this script is not to check if the libac.so work
+--      properly, it is to check if there are something stupid in load_ac.lua
+--
+--   2. There are bunch of collectgarbage() calls, the purpose is to make
+--      sure the shared lib is not unloaded after GC.
+
+-- load_ac.lua looks up libac.so via package.cpath rather than LD_LIBRARY_PATH,
+-- prepend (instead of appending) some insane paths here to see if it quit
+-- prematurely.
+--
+package.cpath = ".;./?.so;" .. package.cpath
+
+local ac = require "load_ac"
+
+local ac_create = ac.create_ac
+local ac_match = ac.match
+local string_fmt = string.format
+local string_sub = string.sub
+
+local err_cnt = 0
+local function mytest(testname, dict, match, notmatch)
+    print(">Testing ", testname)
+
+    io.write(string_fmt("Dictionary: "));
+    for i=1, #dict do
+       io.write(string_fmt("%s, ", dict[i]))
+    end
+    print ""
+
+    local ac_inst = ac_create(dict);
+    collectgarbage()
+    for i=1, #match do
+        local str = match[i]
+        io.write(string_fmt("Matching %s, ", str))
+        local b = ac_match(ac_inst, str)
+        if b then
+            print "pass"
+        else
+            err_cnt = err_cnt + 1
+            print "fail"
+        end
+        collectgarbage()
+    end
+
+    if notmatch == nil then
+        return
+    end
+
+    collectgarbage()
+
+    for i = 1, #notmatch do
+        local str = notmatch[i]
+        io.write(string_fmt("*Matching %s, ", str))
+        local r = ac_match(ac_inst, str)
+        if r then
+            err_cnt = err_cnt + 1
+            print("fail")
+        else
+            print("succ")
+        end
+        collectgarbage()
+    end
+    ac_inst = nil
+    collectgarbage()
+end
+
+print("")
+print("====== Test to see if load_ac.lua works properly ========")
+
+mytest("test1",
+    {"he", "she", "his", "her", "str\0ing"},
+    -- matching cases
+    { "he", "she", "his", "hers", "ahe", "shhe", "shis2", "ahhe", "str\0ing" },
+
+    -- not matching case
+    {"str\0", "str"}
+    )
+
+os.exit((err_cnt == 0) and 0 or 1)
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/lua_test.lua b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/lua_test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfe178f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/lua_test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+-- This script is to test ahocorasick.so not libac.so
+--
+local ac = require "ahocorasick"
+
+local ac_create = ac.create
+local ac_match = ac.match
+local string_fmt = string.format
+local string_sub = string.sub
+
+local err_cnt = 0
+local function mytest(testname, dict, match, notmatch)
+    print(">Testing ", testname)
+
+    io.write(string_fmt("Dictionary: "));
+    for i=1, #dict do
+       io.write(string_fmt("%s, ", dict[i]))
+    end
+    print ""
+
+    local ac_inst = ac_create(dict);
+    for i=1, #match do
+        local str = match[i][1]
+        local substr = match[i][2]
+        io.write(string_fmt("Matching %s, ", str))
+        local b, e = ac_match(ac_inst, str)
+        if b and e and (string_sub(str, b+1, e+1) == substr) then
+            print "pass"
+        else
+            err_cnt = err_cnt + 1
+            print "fail"
+        end
+        --print("gc is called")
+        collectgarbage()
+    end
+
+    if notmatch == nil then
+        return
+    end
+
+    for i = 1, #notmatch do
+        local str = notmatch[i]
+        io.write(string_fmt("*Matching %s, ", str))
+        local r = ac_match(ac_inst, str)
+        if r then
+            err_cnt = err_cnt + 1
+            print("fail")
+        else
+            print("succ")
+        end
+        collectgarbage()
+    end
+end
+
+mytest("test1",
+       {"he", "she", "his", "her", "str\0ing"},
+       -- matching cases
+       { {"he", "he"}, {"she", "she"}, {"his", "his"}, {"hers", "he"},
+         {"ahe", "he"}, {"shhe", "he"}, {"shis2", "his"}, {"ahhe", "he"},
+         {"str\0ing", "str\0ing"}
+       },
+
+       -- not matching case
+       {"str\0", "str"}
+
+       )
+
+os.exit((err_cnt == 0) and 0 or 1)
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_base.hpp b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_base.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7758371
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_base.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#ifndef TEST_BASE_H
+#define TEST_BASE_H
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+using namespace std;
+class ACTestBase {
+public:
+    ACTestBase(const char* name) :_banner(name) {}
+    virtual void PrintBanner() {
+        fprintf(stdout, "\n===== %s ====\n", _banner.c_str());
+    }
+
+    virtual bool Run() = 0;
+private:
+    string _banner;
+};
+
+typedef std::pair<const char*, int> StrInfo;
+class BigFileTester {
+public:
+    BigFileTester(const char* filepath);
+    virtual ~BigFileTester() { Cleanup(); }
+
+    bool Run();
+
+protected:
+    virtual buf_header_t* PM_Create(const char** strv, uint32_t* strlenv,
+                                    uint32_t vect_len) = 0;
+    virtual void PM_Free(buf_header_t*) = 0;
+    virtual bool Run_Helper(buf_header_t* PM) = 0;
+
+    // Return true if the '\0' is valid char of a string.
+    virtual bool Str_C_Style() { return true; }
+
+    bool GenerateKeys();
+    void Cleanup();
+    void PrintStr(FILE*, const char* str, int len);
+
+protected:
+    const char* _filepath;
+    int _fd;
+    vector<StrInfo> _keys;
+    char* _msg;
+    int _msg_len;
+    int _key_num;     // number of strings in dictionary
+    int _chunk_sz;
+    int _chunk_num;
+
+    int _max_key_num;
+    int _key_min_len;
+    int _key_max_len;
+};
+
+extern bool Run_AC_Simple_Test();
+extern bool Run_AC_Aggressive_Test(const vector<const char*>& files);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_bigfile.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_bigfile.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f189d8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_bigfile.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "ac.h"
+#include "ac_util.hpp"
+#include "test_base.hpp"
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//      Implementation of BigFileTester
+//
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+BigFileTester::BigFileTester(const char* filepath) {
+    _filepath = filepath;
+    _fd = -1;
+    _msg = (char*)MAP_FAILED;
+    _msg_len = 0;
+    _key_num = 0;
+    _chunk_sz = 0;
+    _chunk_num = 0;
+
+    _max_key_num = 100;
+    _key_min_len = 20;
+    _key_max_len = 80;
+}
+
+void
+BigFileTester::Cleanup() {
+    if (_msg != MAP_FAILED) {
+        munmap((void*)_msg, _msg_len);
+        _msg = (char*)MAP_FAILED;
+        _msg_len = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (_fd != -1) {
+        close(_fd);
+        _fd = -1;
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+BigFileTester::GenerateKeys() {
+    int chunk_sz = 4096;
+    int max_key_num = _max_key_num;
+    int key_min_len = _key_min_len;
+    int key_max_len = _key_max_len;
+
+    int t = _msg_len / chunk_sz;
+    int keynum = t > max_key_num ? max_key_num : t;
+
+    if (keynum <= 4) {
+        // file is too small
+        return false;
+    }
+    chunk_sz = _msg_len / keynum;
+    _chunk_sz = chunk_sz;
+
+    // For each chunck, "randomly" grab a sub-string searving
+    // as key.
+    int random_ofst[] = { 12, 30, 23, 15 };
+    int rofstsz = sizeof(random_ofst)/sizeof(random_ofst[0]);
+    int ofst = 0;
+    const char* msg = _msg;
+    _chunk_num = keynum - 1;
+    for (int idx = 0, e = _chunk_num; idx < e; idx++) {
+        const char* key = msg + ofst + idx % rofstsz;
+        int key_len = key_min_len + idx % (key_max_len - key_min_len);
+        _keys.push_back(StrInfo(key, key_len));
+        ofst += chunk_sz;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+BigFileTester::Run() {
+    // Step 1: Bring the file into memory
+    fprintf(stdout, "Testing using file '%s'...\n", _filepath);
+
+    int fd = _fd = ::open(_filepath, O_RDONLY);
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        perror("open");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    struct stat sb;
+    if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
+        perror("fstat");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!S_ISREG (sb.st_mode)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s is not regular file\n", _filepath);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int ten_M = 1024 * 1024 * 10;
+    int map_sz = _msg_len = sb.st_size > ten_M ? ten_M : sb.st_size;
+    char* p = _msg =
+        (char*)mmap (0, map_sz, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+    if (p == MAP_FAILED) {
+        perror("mmap");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Get rid of '\0' if we are picky at it.
+    if (Str_C_Style()) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < map_sz; i++) { if (!p[i]) p[i] = 'a'; }
+        p[map_sz - 1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    // Step 2: "Fabricate" some keys from the file.
+    if (!GenerateKeys()) {
+        close(fd);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Step 3: Create PM instance
+    const char** keys = new const char*[_keys.size()];
+    unsigned int* keylens = new unsigned int[_keys.size()];
+
+    int i = 0;
+    for (vector<StrInfo>::iterator si = _keys.begin(), se = _keys.end();
+         si != se; si++, i++) {
+        const StrInfo& strinfo = *si;
+        keys[i] = strinfo.first;
+        keylens[i] = strinfo.second;
+    }
+
+    buf_header_t* PM = PM_Create(keys, keylens, i);
+    delete[] keys;
+    delete[] keylens;
+
+    // Step 4: Run testing
+    bool res = Run_Helper(PM);
+    PM_Free(PM);
+
+    // Step 5: Clanup
+    munmap(p, map_sz);
+    _msg = (char*)MAP_FAILED;
+    close(fd);
+    _fd = -1;
+
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", res ? "succ" : "fail");
+    return res;
+}
+
+void
+BigFileTester::PrintStr(FILE* f, const char* str, int len) {
+    fprintf(f, "{");
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        unsigned char c = str[i];
+        if (isprint(c))
+           fprintf(f, "'%c', ", c);
+        else
+           fprintf(f, "%#x, ", c);
+    }
+    fprintf(f, "}");
+};
diff --git a/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_main.cxx b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_main.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4f5225
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/lua-aho-corasick/tests/test_main.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include "ac.h"
+#include "ac_util.hpp"
+#include "test_base.hpp"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//          Simple (yet maybe tricky) testings
+//
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+int
+main (int argc, char** argv) {
+    bool succ = Run_AC_Simple_Test();
+
+    vector<const char*> files;
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) { files.push_back(argv[i]); }
+    succ = Run_AC_Aggressive_Test(files) && succ;
+
+    return succ ? 0 : -1;
+};
diff --git a/modules/policy/meson.build b/modules/policy/meson.build
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37f1683
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/meson.build
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# LUA module: policy
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+lua_mod_src += [
+  files('policy.lua'),
+]
+
+config_tests += [
+  ['policy', files('policy.test.lua')],
+  ['policy.slice', files('policy.slice.test.lua')],
+  ['policy.rpz', files('policy.rpz.test.lua')],
+]
+
+integr_tests += [
+  ['policy', meson.current_source_dir() / 'test.integr'],
+  ['policy.noipv6', meson.current_source_dir() / 'noipv6.test.integr'],
+  ['policy.noipvx', meson.current_source_dir() / 'noipvx.test.integr'],
+]
+
+# check git submodules were initialized
+lua_ac_submodule = run_command(['test', '-r',
+  '@0@/lua-aho-corasick/ac_fast.cxx'.format(meson.current_source_dir())],
+  check: false)
+if lua_ac_submodule.returncode() != 0
+  error('run "git submodule update --init --recursive" to initialize git submodules')
+endif
+
+# compile bundled lua-aho-corasick as shared module
+lua_ac_src = files([
+  'lua-aho-corasick/ac_fast.cxx',
+  'lua-aho-corasick/ac_lua.cxx',
+  'lua-aho-corasick/ac_slow.cxx',
+])
+
+lua_ac_lib = shared_module(
+  'ahocorasick',
+  lua_ac_src,
+  cpp_args: [
+    '-fvisibility=hidden',
+    '-Wall',
+    '-fPIC',
+  ],
+  dependencies: [
+    luajit_inc,
+  ],
+  include_directories: mod_inc_dir,
+  name_prefix: '',
+  install: true,
+  install_dir: lib_dir,
+)
diff --git a/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/broken-ipv6.rpl b/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/broken-ipv6.rpl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb0738d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/broken-ipv6.rpl
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+; config options
+; SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+	stub-addr: 193.0.14.129 	# K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+CONFIG_END
+
+SCENARIO_BEGIN Test that IPv6 is not used by kresd.
+
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS ::1:2:3:4
+RANGE_END
+
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 1.2.3.4
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.test.org	A
+SECTION ANSWER
+www.test.org	3600	A	4.3.2.1
+ENTRY_END
+
+RANGE_END
+
+
+STEP 10 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD AD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.test.org	A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 20 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all answer
+REPLY QR RD RA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.test.org	A
+SECTION ANSWER
+www.test.org	3600	A	4.3.2.1
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ENTRY_END
+
+SCENARIO_END
diff --git a/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/deckard.yaml b/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/deckard.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c1b6f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/deckard.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+programs:
+- name: kresd
+  binary: kresd
+  additional:
+    - --noninteractive
+  templates:
+    - modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/kresd_config.j2
+    - tests/integration/hints_zone.j2
+  configs:
+    - config
+    - hints
diff --git a/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/kresd_config.j2 b/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/kresd_config.j2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a897d17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/noipv6.test.integr/kresd_config.j2
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+-- SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+{% raw %}
+net.ipv6 = false
+policy.add(policy.all(policy.STUB({ '::1:2:3:4', '1.2.3.4' })))
+
+-- make sure DNSSEC is turned off for tests
+trust_anchors.remove('.')
+
+-- Disable RFC5011 TA update
+if ta_update then
+        modules.unload('ta_update')
+end
+
+-- Disable RFC8145 signaling, scenario doesn't provide expected answers
+if ta_signal_query then
+        modules.unload('ta_signal_query')
+end
+
+-- Disable RFC8109 priming, scenario doesn't provide expected answers
+if priming then
+        modules.unload('priming')
+end
+
+-- Disable this module because it make one priming query
+if detect_time_skew then
+        modules.unload('detect_time_skew')
+end
+
+_hint_root_file('hints')
+cache.size = 2*MB
+log_level('debug')
+{% endraw %}
+
+net = { '{{SELF_ADDR}}' }
+
+
+{% if QMIN == "false" %}
+option('NO_MINIMIZE', true)
+{% else %}
+option('NO_MINIMIZE', false)
+{% endif %}
+
+
+-- Self-checks on globals
+assert(help() ~= nil)
+assert(worker.id ~= nil)
+-- Self-checks on facilities
+assert(cache.count() == 0)
+assert(cache.stats() ~= nil)
+assert(cache.backends() ~= nil)
+assert(worker.stats() ~= nil)
+assert(net.interfaces() ~= nil)
+-- Self-checks on loaded stuff
+assert(net.list()[1].transport.ip == '{{SELF_ADDR}}')
+assert(#modules.list() > 0)
+-- Self-check timers
+ev = event.recurrent(1 * sec, function (ev) return 1 end)
+event.cancel(ev)
+ev = event.after(0, function (ev) return 1 end)
diff --git a/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/broken-ipvx.rpl b/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/broken-ipvx.rpl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60ed618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/broken-ipvx.rpl
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+; config options
+; SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+	stub-addr: 193.0.14.129 	# K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+CONFIG_END
+
+SCENARIO_BEGIN Test that neither IPv6 nor IPv4 is used by kresd :-)
+
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS ::1:2:3:4
+RANGE_END
+
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 1.2.3.4
+RANGE_END
+
+
+STEP 10 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD AD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.test.org	A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 20 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all answer
+REPLY QR RD RA SERVFAIL
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.test.org	A
+SECTION ANSWER
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ENTRY_END
+
+SCENARIO_END
diff --git a/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/deckard.yaml b/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/deckard.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8178759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/deckard.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+programs:
+- name: kresd
+  binary: kresd
+  additional:
+    - --noninteractive
+  templates:
+    - modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/kresd_config.j2
+    - tests/integration/hints_zone.j2
+  configs:
+    - config
+    - hints
diff --git a/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/kresd_config.j2 b/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/kresd_config.j2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87873e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/noipvx.test.integr/kresd_config.j2
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+-- SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+{% raw %}
+net.ipv4 = false
+net.ipv6 = false
+policy.add(policy.all(policy.STUB({ '::1:2:3:4', '1.2.3.4' })))
+
+-- make sure DNSSEC is turned off for tests
+trust_anchors.remove('.')
+
+-- Disable RFC5011 TA update
+if ta_update then
+        modules.unload('ta_update')
+end
+
+-- Disable RFC8145 signaling, scenario doesn't provide expected answers
+if ta_signal_query then
+        modules.unload('ta_signal_query')
+end
+
+-- Disable RFC8109 priming, scenario doesn't provide expected answers
+if priming then
+        modules.unload('priming')
+end
+
+-- Disable this module because it make one priming query
+if detect_time_skew then
+        modules.unload('detect_time_skew')
+end
+
+_hint_root_file('hints')
+cache.size = 2*MB
+log_level('debug')
+{% endraw %}
+
+net = { '{{SELF_ADDR}}' }
+
+
+{% if QMIN == "false" %}
+option('NO_MINIMIZE', true)
+{% else %}
+option('NO_MINIMIZE', false)
+{% endif %}
+
+
+-- Self-checks on globals
+assert(help() ~= nil)
+assert(worker.id ~= nil)
+-- Self-checks on facilities
+assert(cache.count() == 0)
+assert(cache.stats() ~= nil)
+assert(cache.backends() ~= nil)
+assert(worker.stats() ~= nil)
+assert(net.interfaces() ~= nil)
+-- Self-checks on loaded stuff
+assert(net.list()[1].transport.ip == '{{SELF_ADDR}}')
+assert(#modules.list() > 0)
+-- Self-check timers
+ev = event.recurrent(1 * sec, function (ev) return 1 end)
+event.cancel(ev)
+ev = event.after(0, function (ev) return 1 end)
diff --git a/modules/policy/policy.lua b/modules/policy/policy.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47e436f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/policy.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,1109 @@
+-- SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+local kres = require('kres')
+local ffi = require('ffi')
+
+local LOG_GRP_POLICY_TAG = ffi.string(ffi.C.kr_log_grp2name(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY))
+local LOG_GRP_REQDBG_TAG = ffi.string(ffi.C.kr_log_grp2name(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_REQDBG))
+
+local todname = kres.str2dname -- not available during module load otherwise
+
+-- Counter of unique rules
+local nextid = 0
+local function getruleid()
+	local newid = nextid
+	nextid = nextid + 1
+	return newid
+end
+
+-- Support for client sockets from inside policy actions
+local socket_client = function ()
+	return error("missing lua-cqueues library, can't create socket client")
+end
+local has_socket, socket = pcall(require, 'cqueues.socket')
+if has_socket then
+	socket_client = function (host, port)
+		local s, err, status
+
+		s = socket.connect({ host = host, port = port, type = socket.SOCK_DGRAM })
+		s:setmode('bn', 'bn')
+		status, err = pcall(s.connect, s)
+
+		if not status then
+			return status, err
+		end
+		return s
+	end
+end
+
+-- Split address and port from a combined string.
+local function addr_split_port(target, default_port)
+	assert(default_port and type(default_port) == 'number')
+	local port = ffi.new('uint16_t[1]', default_port)
+	local addr = ffi.new('char[47]') -- INET6_ADDRSTRLEN + 1
+	local ret = ffi.C.kr_straddr_split(target, addr, port)
+	if ret ~= 0 then
+		error('failed to parse address ' .. target)
+	end
+	return addr, tonumber(port[0])
+end
+
+-- String address@port -> sockaddr.
+local function addr2sock(target, default_port)
+	local addr, port = addr_split_port(target, default_port)
+	local sock = ffi.gc(ffi.C.kr_straddr_socket(addr, port, nil), ffi.C.free);
+	if sock == nil then
+		error("target '"..target..'" is not a valid IP address')
+	end
+	return sock
+end
+
+-- Debug logging for taken policy actions
+local function log_policy_action(req, name)
+	if ffi.C.kr_log_is_debug_fun(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY, req) then
+		local qry = req:current()
+		ffi.C.kr_log_req1(
+			req, qry.uid, 2, ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY, LOG_GRP_POLICY_TAG,
+			"%s applied for %s %s\n",
+			name, kres.dname2str(qry.sname), kres.tostring.type[qry.stype])
+	end
+end
+
+-- policy functions are defined below
+local policy = {}
+
+function policy.PASS(state, _)
+	return state
+end
+
+-- Mirror request elsewhere, and continue solving
+function policy.MIRROR(target)
+	local addr, port = addr_split_port(target, 53)
+	local sink, err = socket_client(ffi.string(addr), port)
+	if not sink then panic('MIRROR target %s is not a valid: %s', target, err) end
+	return function(state, req)
+		if state == kres.FAIL then return state end
+		local query = req.qsource.packet
+		if query ~= nil then
+			sink:send(ffi.string(query.wire, query.size), 1, tonumber(query.size))
+		end
+		return -- Chain action to next
+	end
+end
+
+-- Override the list of nameservers (forwarders)
+local function set_nslist(req, list)
+	local ns_i = 0
+	for _, ns in ipairs(list) do
+		if ffi.C.kr_forward_add_target(req, ns) == 0 then
+			ns_i = ns_i + 1
+		end
+	end
+	if ns_i == 0 then
+		-- would use assert() but don't want to compose the message if not triggered
+		error('no usable address in NS set (check net.ipv4 and '
+		      .. 'net.ipv6 config):\n' .. table_print(list, 2))
+	end
+end
+
+-- Forward request, and solve as stub query
+function policy.STUB(target)
+	local list = {}
+	if type(target) == 'table' then
+		for _, v in pairs(target) do
+			table.insert(list, addr2sock(v, 53))
+		end
+	else
+		table.insert(list, addr2sock(target, 53))
+	end
+	return function(state, req)
+		local qry = req:current()
+		-- Switch mode to stub resolver, do not track origin zone cut since it's not real authority NS
+		qry.flags.STUB = true
+		qry.flags.ALWAYS_CUT = false
+		set_nslist(req, list)
+		return state
+	end
+end
+
+-- Forward request and all subrequests to upstream; validate answers
+function policy.FORWARD(target)
+	local list = {}
+	if type(target) == 'table' then
+		for _, v in pairs(target) do
+			table.insert(list, addr2sock(v, 53))
+		end
+	else
+		table.insert(list, addr2sock(target, 53))
+	end
+	return function(state, req)
+		local qry = req:current()
+		req.options.FORWARD = true
+		req.options.NO_MINIMIZE = true
+		qry.flags.FORWARD = true
+		qry.flags.ALWAYS_CUT = false
+		qry.flags.NO_MINIMIZE = true
+		qry.flags.AWAIT_CUT = true
+		set_nslist(req, list)
+		return state
+	end
+end
+
+-- Forward request and all subrequests to upstream over TLS; validate answers
+function policy.TLS_FORWARD(targets)
+	if type(targets) ~= 'table' or #targets < 1 then
+		error('TLS_FORWARD argument must be a non-empty table')
+	end
+
+	local sockaddr_c_set = {}
+	local nslist = {} -- to persist in closure of the returned function
+	for idx, target in pairs(targets) do
+		if type(target) ~= 'table' or type(target[1]) ~= 'string' then
+			error(string.format('TLS_FORWARD configuration at position ' ..
+			'%d must be a table starting with an IP address', idx))
+		end
+		-- Note: some functions have checks with error() calls inside.
+		local sockaddr_c = addr2sock(target[1], 853)
+
+		-- Refuse repeated addresses in the same set.
+		local sockaddr_lua = ffi.string(sockaddr_c, ffi.C.kr_sockaddr_len(sockaddr_c))
+		if sockaddr_c_set[sockaddr_lua] then
+			error('TLS_FORWARD configuration cannot declare two configs for IP address '
+					.. target[1])
+		else
+			sockaddr_c_set[sockaddr_lua] = true;
+		end
+
+		table.insert(nslist, sockaddr_c)
+		net.tls_client(target)
+	end
+
+	return function(state, req)
+		local qry = req:current()
+		req.options.FORWARD = true
+		req.options.NO_MINIMIZE = true
+		qry.flags.FORWARD = true
+		qry.flags.ALWAYS_CUT = false
+		qry.flags.NO_MINIMIZE = true
+		qry.flags.AWAIT_CUT = true
+		req.options.TCP = true
+		qry.flags.TCP = true
+		set_nslist(req, nslist)
+		return state
+	end
+end
+
+-- Rewrite records in packet
+function policy.REROUTE(tbl, names)
+	-- Import renumbering rules
+	local ren = require('kres_modules.renumber')
+	local prefixes = {}
+	for from, to in pairs(tbl) do
+		local prefix = names and ren.name(from, to) or ren.prefix(from, to)
+		table.insert(prefixes, prefix)
+	end
+	-- Return rule closure
+	return ren.rule(prefixes)
+end
+
+-- Set and clear some query flags
+function policy.FLAGS(opts_set, opts_clear)
+	return function(_, req)
+		-- We assume to be running in the begin phase, so to truly apply
+		-- to the whole request we need to change both kr_request and kr_query.
+		local qry = req:current()
+		for _, flags in pairs({qry.flags, req.options}) do
+			ffi.C.kr_qflags_set  (flags, kres.mk_qflags(opts_set   or {}))
+			ffi.C.kr_qflags_clear(flags, kres.mk_qflags(opts_clear or {}))
+		end
+		return nil -- chain rule
+	end
+end
+
+local function mkauth_soa(answer, dname, mname, ttl)
+	if mname == nil then
+		mname = dname
+	end
+	return answer:put(dname, ttl or 10800, answer:qclass(), kres.type.SOA,
+		mname .. '\6nobody\7invalid\0\0\0\0\1\0\0\14\16\0\0\4\176\0\9\58\128\0\0\42\48')
+end
+
+-- Create answer with passed arguments
+function policy.ANSWER(rtable, nodata)
+	return function(_, req)
+		local qry = req:current()
+		local data = rtable[qry.stype]
+		if data == nil and nodata ~= true then
+			return nil
+		end
+		-- now we're certain we want to generate an answer
+
+		local answer = req:ensure_answer()
+		if answer == nil then return nil end
+		ffi.C.kr_pkt_make_auth_header(answer)
+		local ttl = (data or {}).ttl or 1
+		answer:rcode(kres.rcode.NOERROR)
+		req:set_extended_error(kres.extended_error.FORGED, "5DO5")
+
+		if data == nil then -- want NODATA, i.e. just a SOA
+			answer:begin(kres.section.AUTHORITY)
+			local soa = rtable[kres.type.SOA]
+			if soa ~= nil then
+				answer:put(qry.sname, soa.ttl or ttl, qry.sclass, kres.type.SOA,
+							soa.rdata[1] or soa.rdata)
+			else
+				mkauth_soa(answer, kres.dname2wire(qry.sname), nil, ttl)
+			end
+			log_policy_action(req, 'ANSWER (nodata)')
+		else
+			answer:begin(kres.section.ANSWER)
+			if type(data.rdata) == 'table' then
+				for _, entry in ipairs(data.rdata) do
+					answer:put(qry.sname, ttl, qry.sclass, qry.stype, entry)
+				end
+			else
+				answer:put(qry.sname, ttl, qry.sclass, qry.stype, data.rdata)
+			end
+			log_policy_action(req, 'ANSWER (forged)')
+		end
+		return kres.DONE
+	end
+end
+
+local dname_localhost = todname('localhost.')
+
+-- Rule for localhost. zone; see RFC6303, sec. 3
+local function localhost(_, req)
+	local qry = req:current()
+	local answer = req:ensure_answer()
+	if answer == nil then return nil end
+	ffi.C.kr_pkt_make_auth_header(answer)
+
+	local is_exact = ffi.C.knot_dname_is_equal(qry.sname, dname_localhost)
+
+	answer:rcode(kres.rcode.NOERROR)
+	answer:begin(kres.section.ANSWER)
+	if qry.stype == kres.type.AAAA then
+		answer:put(qry.sname, 900, answer:qclass(), kres.type.AAAA,
+			'\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\1')
+	elseif qry.stype == kres.type.A then
+		answer:put(qry.sname, 900, answer:qclass(), kres.type.A, '\127\0\0\1')
+	elseif is_exact and qry.stype == kres.type.SOA then
+		mkauth_soa(answer, dname_localhost)
+	elseif is_exact and qry.stype == kres.type.NS then
+		answer:put(dname_localhost, 900, answer:qclass(), kres.type.NS, dname_localhost)
+	else
+		answer:begin(kres.section.AUTHORITY)
+		mkauth_soa(answer, dname_localhost)
+	end
+	return kres.DONE
+end
+
+local dname_rev4_localhost = todname('1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa');
+local dname_rev4_localhost_apex = todname('127.in-addr.arpa');
+
+-- Rule for reverse localhost.
+-- Answer with locally served minimal 127.in-addr.arpa domain, only having
+-- a PTR record in 1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa, and with 1.0...0.ip6.arpa. zone.
+-- TODO: much of this would better be left to the hints module (or coordinated).
+local function localhost_reversed(_, req)
+	local qry = req:current()
+	local answer = req:ensure_answer()
+	if answer == nil then return nil end
+
+	-- classify qry.sname:
+	local is_exact   -- exact dname for localhost
+	local is_apex    -- apex of a locally-served localhost zone
+	local is_nonterm -- empty non-terminal name
+	if ffi.C.knot_dname_in_bailiwick(qry.sname, todname('ip6.arpa.')) > 0 then
+		-- exact ::1 query (relying on the calling rule)
+		is_exact = true
+		is_apex = true
+	else
+		-- within 127.in-addr.arpa.
+		local labels = ffi.C.knot_dname_labels(qry.sname, nil)
+		if labels == 3 then
+			is_exact = false
+			is_apex = true
+		elseif labels == 4+2 and ffi.C.knot_dname_is_equal(
+					qry.sname, dname_rev4_localhost) then
+			is_exact = true
+		else
+			is_exact = false
+			is_apex = false
+			is_nonterm = ffi.C.knot_dname_in_bailiwick(dname_rev4_localhost, qry.sname) > 0
+		end
+	end
+
+	ffi.C.kr_pkt_make_auth_header(answer)
+	answer:rcode(kres.rcode.NOERROR)
+	answer:begin(kres.section.ANSWER)
+	if is_exact and qry.stype == kres.type.PTR then
+		answer:put(qry.sname, 900, answer:qclass(), kres.type.PTR, dname_localhost)
+	elseif is_apex and qry.stype == kres.type.SOA then
+		mkauth_soa(answer, dname_rev4_localhost_apex, dname_localhost)
+	elseif is_apex and qry.stype == kres.type.NS then
+		answer:put(dname_rev4_localhost_apex, 900, answer:qclass(), kres.type.NS,
+			dname_localhost)
+	else
+		if not is_nonterm then
+			answer:rcode(kres.rcode.NXDOMAIN)
+		end
+		answer:begin(kres.section.AUTHORITY)
+		mkauth_soa(answer, dname_rev4_localhost_apex, dname_localhost)
+	end
+	return kres.DONE
+end
+
+-- All requests
+function policy.all(action)
+	return function(_, _) return action end
+end
+
+-- Requests whose QNAME is exactly the provided domain
+function policy.domains(action, dname_list)
+	return function(_, query)
+		local qname = query:name()
+		for _, dname in ipairs(dname_list) do
+			if ffi.C.knot_dname_is_equal(qname, dname) then
+				return action
+			end
+		end
+		return nil
+	end
+end
+
+-- Requests whose QNAME matches given zone list (i.e. suffix match)
+function policy.suffix(action, zone_list)
+	local AC = require('ahocorasick')
+	local tree = AC.create(zone_list)
+	return function(_, query)
+		local match = AC.match(tree, query:name(), false)
+		if match ~= nil then
+			return action
+		end
+		return nil
+	end
+end
+
+-- Check for common suffix first, then suffix match (specialized version of suffix match)
+function policy.suffix_common(action, suffix_list, common_suffix)
+	local common_len = string.len(common_suffix)
+	local suffix_count = #suffix_list
+	return function(_, query)
+		-- Preliminary check
+		local qname = query:name()
+		if not string.find(qname, common_suffix, -common_len, true) then
+			return nil
+		end
+		-- String match
+		for i = 1, suffix_count do
+			local zone = suffix_list[i]
+			if string.find(qname, zone, -string.len(zone), true) then
+				return action
+			end
+		end
+		return nil
+	end
+end
+
+-- Filter QNAME pattern
+function policy.pattern(action, pattern)
+	return function(_, query)
+		if string.find(query:name(), pattern) then
+			return action
+		end
+		return nil
+	end
+end
+
+local function rpz_parse(action, path)
+	local rules = {}
+	local new_actions = {}
+	local action_map = {
+		-- RPZ Policy Actions
+		['\0'] = action,
+		['\1*\0'] = policy.ANSWER({}, true),
+		['\012rpz-passthru\0'] = policy.PASS, -- the grammar...
+		['\008rpz-drop\0'] = policy.DROP,
+		['\012rpz-tcp-only\0'] = policy.TC,
+		-- Policy triggers @NYI@
+	}
+	-- RR types to be skipped; boolean denoting whether to throw a warning even for RPZ apex.
+	local rrtype_bad = {
+		[kres.type.DNAME]  = true,
+		[kres.type.NS]     = false,
+		[kres.type.DNSKEY] = true,
+		[kres.type.DS]     = true,
+		[kres.type.RRSIG]  = true,
+		[kres.type.NSEC]   = true,
+		[kres.type.NSEC3]  = true,
+	}
+
+	-- We generally don't know what zone should be in the file; we try to detect it.
+	-- Fortunately, it's typical that SOA is the first record, even required for AXFR.
+	local origin_soa = nil
+	local warned_soa, warned_bailiwick
+
+	local parser = require('zonefile').new()
+	local ok, errstr = parser:open(path)
+	if not ok then
+		error(string.format('failed to parse "%s": %s', path, errstr or "unknown error"))
+	end
+	while true do
+		ok, errstr = parser:parse()
+		if errstr then
+			log_warn(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY, 'RPZ %s:%d: %s',
+				path, tonumber(parser.line_counter), errstr)
+		end
+		if not ok then break end
+
+		local full_name = ffi.gc(ffi.C.knot_dname_copy(parser.r_owner, nil), ffi.C.free)
+		local rdata = ffi.string(parser.r_data, parser.r_data_length)
+		ffi.C.knot_dname_to_lower(full_name)
+
+		local origin = origin_soa or parser.zone_origin
+		local prefix_labels = ffi.C.knot_dname_in_bailiwick(full_name, origin)
+		if prefix_labels < 0 then
+			if not warned_bailiwick then
+				warned_bailiwick = true
+				log_warn(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY,
+					'RPZ %s:%d: RR owner "%s" outside the zone (ignored; reported once per file)',
+					path, tonumber(parser.line_counter), kres.dname2str(full_name))
+			end
+			goto continue
+		end
+
+		local bytes = ffi.C.knot_dname_size(full_name) - ffi.C.knot_dname_size(origin)
+		local name = ffi.string(full_name, bytes) .. '\0'
+
+		if parser.r_type == kres.type.CNAME then
+			if action_map[rdata] then
+				rules[name] = action_map[rdata]
+			else
+				log_warn(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY,
+					'RPZ %s:%d: CNAME with custom target in RPZ is not supported yet (ignored)',
+					path, tonumber(parser.line_counter))
+			end
+		else
+			if #name then
+				local is_bad = rrtype_bad[parser.r_type]
+
+				if parser.r_type == kres.type.SOA then
+					if origin_soa == nil then
+						origin_soa = ffi.gc(ffi.C.knot_dname_copy(parser.r_owner, nil), ffi.C.free)
+						goto continue -- we don't want to modify `new_actions`
+					else
+						is_bad = true -- maybe provide more info, but it seems rare
+					end
+				elseif origin_soa == nil and not warned_soa then
+					warned_soa = true
+					log_warn(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY,
+						'RPZ %s:%d warning: SOA missing as the first record',
+						path, tonumber(parser.line_counter))
+				end
+
+				if is_bad == true or (is_bad == false and prefix_labels ~= 0) then
+					log_warn(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY, 'RPZ %s:%d warning: RR type %s is not allowed in RPZ (ignored)',
+						path, tonumber(parser.line_counter), kres.tostring.type[parser.r_type])
+				elseif is_bad == nil then
+					if new_actions[name] == nil then new_actions[name] = {} end
+					local act = new_actions[name][parser.r_type]
+					if act == nil then
+						new_actions[name][parser.r_type] = { ttl=parser.r_ttl, rdata=rdata }
+					else -- multiple RRs: no reordering or deduplication
+						if type(act.rdata) ~= 'table' then
+							act.rdata = { act.rdata }
+						end
+						table.insert(act.rdata, rdata)
+						if parser.r_ttl ~= act.ttl then -- be conservative
+							log_warn(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY, 'RPZ %s:%d warning: different TTLs in a set (minimum taken)',
+								path, tonumber(parser.line_counter))
+							act.ttl = math.min(act.ttl, parser.r_ttl)
+						end
+					end
+				else
+					assert(is_bad == false and prefix_labels == 0)
+				end
+			end
+		end
+
+		::continue::
+	end
+	collectgarbage()
+	for qname, rrsets in pairs(new_actions) do
+		rules[qname] = policy.ANSWER(rrsets, true)
+	end
+	return rules
+end
+
+-- Split path into dirname and basename (like the shell utilities)
+local function get_dir_and_file(path)
+	local dir, file = string.match(path, "(.*)/([^/]+)")
+
+	-- If regex doesn't match then path must be the file directly (i.e. doesn't contain '/')
+	-- This assumes that the file exists (rpz_parse() would fail if it doesn't)
+	if not dir and not file then
+		dir = '.'
+		file = path
+	end
+
+	return dir, file
+end
+
+-- RPZ policy set
+-- Create RPZ from zone file and optionally watch the file for changes
+function policy.rpz(action, path, watch)
+	local rules = rpz_parse(action, path)
+
+	if watch ~= false then
+		local has_notify, notify  = pcall(require, 'cqueues.notify')
+		if has_notify then
+			local bit = require('bit')
+
+			local dir, file = get_dir_and_file(path)
+			local watcher = notify.opendir(dir)
+			watcher:add(file, bit.bxor(notify.CREATE, notify.MODIFY))
+
+			worker.coroutine(function ()
+				for _, name in watcher:changes() do
+					-- Limit to changes on file we're interested in
+					-- Watcher will also fire for changes to the directory itself
+					if name == file then
+						-- If the file changes then reparse and replace the existing ruleset
+						log_info(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY, 'RPZ reloading: ' .. name)
+						rules = rpz_parse(action, path)
+					end
+				end
+			end)
+		elseif watch then -- explicitly requested and failed
+			error('[poli] lua-cqueues required to watch and reload RPZ file')
+		else
+			log_info(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_POLICY, 'lua-cqueues required to watch and reload RPZ file, continuing without watching')
+		end
+	end
+
+	return function(_, query)
+		local label = query:name()
+		local rule = rules[label]
+		while rule == nil and string.len(label) > 0 do
+			label = string.sub(label, string.byte(label) + 2)
+			rule = rules['\1*'..label]
+		end
+		return rule
+	end
+end
+
+-- Apply an action when query belongs to a slice (determined by slice_func())
+function policy.slice(slice_func, ...)
+	local actions = {...}
+	if #actions <= 0 then
+		error('[poli] at least one action must be provided to policy.slice()')
+	end
+
+	return function(_, query)
+		local index = slice_func(query, #actions)
+		return actions[index]
+	end
+end
+
+-- Initializes slicing function that randomly assigns queries to a slice based on their registrable domain
+function policy.slice_randomize_psl(seed)
+	local has_psl, psl_lib = pcall(require, 'psl')
+	if not has_psl then
+		error('[poli] lua-psl is required for policy.slice_randomize_psl()')
+	end
+	-- load psl
+	local has_latest, psl = pcall(psl_lib.latest)
+	if not has_latest then -- compatibility with lua-psl < 0.15
+		psl = psl_lib.builtin()
+	end
+
+	if seed == nil then
+		seed = os.time() / (3600 * 24 * 7)
+	end
+	seed = math.floor(seed)  -- convert to int
+
+	return function(query, length)
+		assert(length > 0)
+
+		local domain = kres.dname2str(query:name())
+		if domain == nil then -- invalid data: auto-select first action
+			return 1
+		end
+		if domain:len() > 1 then  --remove trailing dot
+			domain = domain:sub(0, -2)
+		end
+
+		-- do psl lookup for registrable domain
+		local reg_domain = psl:registrable_domain(domain)
+		if reg_domain == nil then  -- fallback to unreg. domain
+			reg_domain = psl:unregistrable_domain(domain)
+			if reg_domain == nil then  -- shouldn't happen: safe fallback
+				return 1
+			end
+		end
+
+		local rand_seed = seed
+		-- create deterministic seed for pseudo-random slice assignment
+		for i = 1, #reg_domain do
+			rand_seed = rand_seed + reg_domain:byte(i)
+		end
+
+		-- use linear congruential generator with values from ANSI C
+		rand_seed = rand_seed % 0x80000000  -- ensure seed is positive 32b int
+		local rand = (1103515245 * rand_seed + 12345) % 0x10000
+		return 1 + rand % length
+	end
+end
+
+-- Prepare for making an answer from scratch.  (Return the packet for convenience.)
+local function answer_clear(req)
+	-- If we're in postrules, previous resolving might have chosen some RRs
+	-- for inclusion in the answer, so we need to avoid those.
+	-- *_selected arrays are in mempool, so explicit deallocation is not necessary.
+	req.answ_selected.len = 0
+	req.auth_selected.len = 0
+	req.add_selected.len = 0
+
+	-- Let's be defensive and clear the answer, too.
+	local pkt = req:ensure_answer()
+	if pkt == nil then return nil end
+	pkt:clear_payload()
+	req:ensure_edns()
+	return pkt
+end
+
+function policy.DENY_MSG(msg, extended_error)
+	if msg and (type(msg) ~= 'string' or #msg >= 255) then
+		error('DENY_MSG: optional msg must be string shorter than 256 characters')
+        end
+	if extended_error == nil then
+		extended_error = kres.extended_error.BLOCKED
+	end
+	local action_name = msg and 'DENY_MSG' or 'DENY'
+
+	return function (_, req)
+		-- Write authority information
+		local answer = answer_clear(req)
+		if answer == nil then return nil end
+		ffi.C.kr_pkt_make_auth_header(answer)
+		answer:rcode(kres.rcode.NXDOMAIN)
+		answer:begin(kres.section.AUTHORITY)
+		mkauth_soa(answer, answer:qname())
+		if msg then
+			answer:begin(kres.section.ADDITIONAL)
+			answer:put('\11explanation\7invalid', 10800, answer:qclass(), kres.type.TXT,
+				   string.char(#msg) .. msg)
+
+		end
+		req:set_extended_error(extended_error, "CR36")
+		log_policy_action(req, action_name)
+		return kres.DONE
+	end
+end
+
+local function free_cb(func)
+	func:free()
+end
+
+local debug_logline_cb = ffi.cast('trace_log_f', function (_, msg)
+	jit.off(true, true) -- JIT for (C -> lua)^2 nesting isn't allowed
+	ffi.C.kr_log_fmt(
+		ffi.C.LOG_GRP_REQDBG, -- but the original [group] tag also remains in the string
+		LOG_DEBUG,
+		'CODE_FILE=policy.lua', 'CODE_LINE=', 'CODE_FUNC=policy.DEBUG_ALWAYS', -- no meaningful locations
+		'[%-6s]%s', LOG_GRP_REQDBG_TAG, msg) -- msg should end with newline already
+end)
+ffi.gc(debug_logline_cb, free_cb)
+
+-- LOG_DEBUG without log_trace and without code locations
+local function log_notrace(req, fmt, ...)
+	ffi.C.kr_log_fmt(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_REQDBG, LOG_DEBUG,
+		'CODE_FILE=policy.lua', 'CODE_LINE=', 'CODE_FUNC=', -- no meaningful locations
+		'%s', string.format( -- convert in lua, as integers in C varargs would pass as double
+			'[%-6s][%-6s][%05u.00] ' .. fmt,
+			LOG_GRP_REQDBG_TAG, LOG_GRP_POLICY_TAG, req.uid, ...)
+	)
+end
+
+local debug_logfinish_cb = ffi.cast('trace_callback_f', function (req)
+	jit.off(true, true) -- JIT for (C -> lua)^2 nesting isn't allowed
+	log_notrace(req, 'following rrsets were marked as interesting:\n%s\n',
+		req:selected_tostring())
+	if req.answer ~= nil then
+		log_notrace(req, 'answer packet:\n%s\n', req.answer)
+	else
+		log_notrace(req, 'answer packet DROPPED\n')
+	end
+end)
+ffi.gc(debug_logfinish_cb, free_cb)
+
+-- log request packet
+function policy.REQTRACE(_, req)
+	log_notrace(req, 'request packet:\n%s', req.qsource.packet)
+end
+
+-- log how the request arrived, notably the client's IP
+function policy.IPTRACE(_, req)
+	if req.qsource.addr == nil then
+		log_notrace(req, 'request packet arrived internally\n')
+	else
+		-- stringify transport flags: struct kr_request_qsource_flags
+		local qf = req.qsource.flags
+		local qf_str = qf.tcp and 'TCP' or 'UDP'
+		if qf.tls  then qf_str = qf_str .. ' + TLS'  end
+		if qf.http then qf_str = qf_str .. ' + HTTP' end
+		if qf.xdp  then qf_str = qf_str .. ' + XDP'  end
+
+		log_notrace(req, 'request packet arrived from %s to %s (%s)\n',
+			req.qsource.addr, req.qsource.dst_addr, qf_str)
+	end
+	return nil -- chain rule
+end
+
+function policy.DEBUG_ALWAYS(state, req)
+	policy.QTRACE(state, req)
+	req:trace_chain_callbacks(debug_logline_cb, debug_logfinish_cb)
+	policy.REQTRACE(state, req)
+end
+
+local debug_stashlog_cb = ffi.cast('trace_log_f', function (req, msg)
+	jit.off(true, true) -- JIT for (C -> lua)^2 nesting isn't allowed
+
+	-- stash messages for conditional logging in trace_finish
+	local stash = req:vars()['policy_debug_stash']
+	table.insert(stash, ffi.string(msg))
+end)
+ffi.gc(debug_stashlog_cb, free_cb)
+
+-- buffer debug logs and print then only if test() returns a truthy value
+function policy.DEBUG_IF(test)
+	local debug_finish_cb = ffi.cast('trace_callback_f', function (cbreq)
+		jit.off(true, true) -- JIT for (C -> lua)^2 nesting isn't allowed
+		if test(cbreq) then
+			policy.REQTRACE(nil, cbreq)
+			debug_logfinish_cb(cbreq)  -- unconditional version
+
+			local stash = cbreq:vars()['policy_debug_stash']
+			for _, line in ipairs(stash) do -- don't want one huge entry
+				ffi.C.kr_log_fmt(ffi.C.LOG_GRP_REQDBG, LOG_DEBUG,
+					'CODE_FILE=policy.lua', 'CODE_LINE=', 'CODE_FUNC=', -- no meaningful locations
+					'[%-6s]%s', LOG_GRP_REQDBG_TAG, line)
+			end
+		end
+	end)
+	ffi.gc(debug_finish_cb, function (func) func:free() end)
+
+	return function (state, req)
+		req:vars()['policy_debug_stash'] = {}
+		policy.QTRACE(state, req)
+		req:trace_chain_callbacks(debug_stashlog_cb, debug_finish_cb)
+		return
+	end
+end
+
+policy.DEBUG_CACHE_MISS = policy.DEBUG_IF(
+	function(req)
+		return not req:all_from_cache()
+	end
+)
+
+policy.DENY = policy.DENY_MSG() -- compatibility with < 2.0
+
+function policy.DROP(_, req)
+	local answer = answer_clear(req)
+	if answer == nil then return nil end
+	req:set_extended_error(kres.extended_error.PROHIBITED, "U5KL")
+	log_policy_action(req, 'DROP')
+	return kres.FAIL
+end
+
+function policy.NO_ANSWER(_, req)
+	req.options.NO_ANSWER = true
+	log_policy_action(req, 'NO_ANSWER')
+	return kres.FAIL
+end
+
+function policy.REFUSE(_, req)
+	local answer = answer_clear(req)
+	if answer == nil then return nil end
+	answer:rcode(kres.rcode.REFUSED)
+	answer:ad(false)
+	req:set_extended_error(kres.extended_error.PROHIBITED, "EIM4")
+	log_policy_action(req, 'REFUSE')
+	return kres.DONE
+end
+
+function policy.TC(state, req)
+	-- Avoid non-UDP queries
+	if req.qsource.addr == nil or req.qsource.flags.tcp then
+		return state
+	end
+
+	local answer = answer_clear(req)
+	if answer == nil then return nil end
+	answer:tc(1)
+	answer:ad(false)
+	log_policy_action(req, 'TC')
+	return kres.DONE
+end
+
+function policy.QTRACE(_, req)
+	local qry = req:current()
+	req.options.TRACE = true
+	qry.flags.TRACE = true
+	return -- this allows to continue iterating over policy list
+end
+
+-- Evaluate packet in given rules to determine policy action
+function policy.evaluate(rules, req, query, state)
+	for i = 1, #rules do
+		local rule = rules[i]
+		if not rule.suspended then
+			local action = rule.cb(req, query)
+			if action ~= nil then
+				rule.count = rule.count + 1
+				local next_state = action(state, req)
+				if next_state then    -- Not a chain rule,
+					return next_state -- stop on first match
+				end
+			end
+		end
+	end
+	return
+end
+
+-- Add rule to policy list
+function policy.add(rule, postrule)
+	-- Compatibility with 1.0.0 API
+	-- it will be dropped in 1.2.0
+	if rule == policy then
+		rule = postrule
+		postrule = nil
+	end
+	-- End of compatibility shim
+	local desc = {id=getruleid(), cb=rule, count=0}
+	table.insert(postrule and policy.postrules or policy.rules, desc)
+	return desc
+end
+
+-- Remove rule from a list
+local function delrule(rules, id)
+	for i, r in ipairs(rules) do
+		if r.id == id then
+			table.remove(rules, i)
+			return true
+		end
+	end
+	return false
+end
+
+-- Delete rule from policy list
+function policy.del(id)
+	if not delrule(policy.rules, id) then
+		if not delrule(policy.postrules, id) then
+			return false
+		end
+	end
+	return true
+end
+
+-- Convert list of string names to domain names
+function policy.todnames(names)
+	for i, v in ipairs(names) do
+		names[i] = kres.str2dname(v)
+	end
+	return names
+end
+
+-- RFC1918 Private, local, broadcast, test and special zones
+-- Considerations: RFC6761, sec 6.1.
+-- https://www.iana.org/assignments/locally-served-dns-zones
+local private_zones = {
+	-- RFC6303
+	'10.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'16.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'17.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'18.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'19.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'20.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'21.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'22.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'23.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'24.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'25.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'26.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'27.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'28.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'29.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'30.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'31.172.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'168.192.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'0.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'254.169.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'2.0.192.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'100.51.198.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'113.0.203.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'255.255.255.255.in-addr.arpa.',
+	-- RFC7793
+	'64.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'65.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'66.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'67.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'68.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'69.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'70.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'71.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'72.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'73.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'74.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'75.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'76.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'77.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'78.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'79.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'80.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'81.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'82.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'83.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'84.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'85.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'86.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'87.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'88.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'89.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'90.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'91.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'92.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'93.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'94.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'95.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'96.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'97.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'98.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'99.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'100.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'101.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'102.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'103.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'104.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'105.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'106.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'107.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'108.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'109.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'110.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'111.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'112.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'113.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'114.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'115.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'116.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'117.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'118.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'119.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'120.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'121.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'122.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'123.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'124.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'125.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'126.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+	'127.100.in-addr.arpa.',
+
+	-- RFC6303
+	-- localhost_reversed handles ::1
+	'0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa.',
+	'd.f.ip6.arpa.',
+	'8.e.f.ip6.arpa.',
+	'9.e.f.ip6.arpa.',
+	'a.e.f.ip6.arpa.',
+	'b.e.f.ip6.arpa.',
+	'8.b.d.0.1.0.0.2.ip6.arpa.',
+	-- RFC8375
+	'home.arpa.',
+}
+policy.todnames(private_zones)
+
+-- @var Default rules
+policy.rules = {}
+policy.postrules = {}
+policy.special_names = {
+	-- XXX: beware of special_names_optim() when modifying these filters
+	{
+		cb=policy.suffix_common(policy.DENY_MSG(
+			'Blocking is mandated by standards, see references on '
+			.. 'https://www.iana.org/assignments/'
+			.. 'locally-served-dns-zones/locally-served-dns-zones.xhtml',
+			kres.extended_error.NOTSUP),
+			private_zones, todname('arpa.')),
+		count=0
+	},
+	{
+		cb=policy.suffix(policy.DENY_MSG(
+			'Blocking is mandated by standards, see references on '
+			.. 'https://www.iana.org/assignments/'
+			.. 'special-use-domain-names/special-use-domain-names.xhtml',
+			kres.extended_error.NOTSUP),
+			{
+				todname('test.'),
+				todname('onion.'),
+				todname('invalid.'),
+				todname('local.'), -- RFC 8375.4
+			}),
+		count=0
+	},
+	{
+		cb=policy.suffix(localhost, {dname_localhost}),
+		count=0
+	},
+	{
+		cb=policy.suffix_common(localhost_reversed, {
+			todname('127.in-addr.arpa.'),
+			todname('1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa.')},
+			todname('arpa.')),
+		count=0
+	},
+}
+
+-- Return boolean; false = no special name may apply, true = some might apply.
+-- The point is to *efficiently* filter almost all QNAMEs that do not apply.
+local function special_names_optim(req, sname)
+	local qname_size = req.qsource.packet.qname_size
+	if qname_size < 9 then return true end -- don't want to special-case bad array access
+	local root = sname + qname_size - 1
+	return
+		-- .a???. or .t???.
+		(root[-5] == 4 and (root[-4] == 97 or root[-4] == 116))
+		-- .on???. or .in?????. or lo???. or *ost.
+		or (root[-6] == 5 and root[-5] == 111 and root[-4] == 110)
+		or (root[-8] == 7 and root[-7] == 105 and root[-6] == 110)
+		or (root[-6] == 5 and root[-5] == 108 and root[-4] == 111)
+		or (root[-3] == 111 and root[-2] == 115 and root[-1] == 116)
+end
+
+-- Top-down policy list walk until we hit a match
+-- the caller is responsible for reordering policy list
+-- from most specific to least specific.
+-- Some rules may be chained, in this case they are evaluated
+-- as a dependency chain, e.g. r1,r2,r3 -> r3(r2(r1(state)))
+policy.layer = {
+	begin = function(state, req)
+		-- Don't act on "finished" cases.
+		if bit.band(state, bit.bor(kres.FAIL, kres.DONE)) ~= 0 then return state end
+		local qry = req:initial() -- same as :current() but more descriptive
+		return policy.evaluate(policy.rules, req, qry, state)
+			or (special_names_optim(req, qry.sname)
+					and policy.evaluate(policy.special_names, req, qry, state))
+			or state
+	end,
+	finish = function(state, req)
+		-- Optimization for the typical case
+		if #policy.postrules == 0 then return state end
+		-- Don't act on failed cases.
+		if bit.band(state, kres.FAIL) ~= 0 then return state end
+		return policy.evaluate(policy.postrules, req, req:initial(), state) or state
+	end
+}
+
+return policy
diff --git a/modules/policy/policy.rpz.test.lua b/modules/policy/policy.rpz.test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94fb9ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/policy.rpz.test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+
+local function prepare_cache()
+	cache.open(100*MB)
+	cache.clear()
+
+	local ffi = require('ffi')
+	local c = kres.context().cache
+
+	local passthru_addr = '\127\0\0\9'
+	rr_passthru = kres.rrset(todname('rpzpassthru.'), kres.type.A, kres.class.IN, 2147483647)
+	assert(rr_passthru:add_rdata(passthru_addr, #passthru_addr))
+	assert(c:insert(rr_passthru, nil, ffi.C.KR_RANK_SECURE + ffi.C.KR_RANK_AUTH))
+
+	c:commit()
+end
+
+local check_answer = require('test_utils').check_answer
+
+local function test_rpz()
+	check_answer('"CNAME ." return NXDOMAIN',
+		'nxdomain.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NXDOMAIN)
+	check_answer('"CNAME *." return NODATA',
+		'nodata.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, {})
+	check_answer('"CNAME *. on wildcard" return NODATA',
+		'nodata.nxdomain.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, {})
+	check_answer('"CNAME rpz-drop." be dropped',
+		'rpzdrop.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.SERVFAIL)
+	check_answer('"CNAME rpz-passthru" return A rrset',
+		'rpzpassthru.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, '127.0.0.9')
+	check_answer('"A 192.168.5.5" return local A rrset',
+		'rra.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, '192.168.5.5')
+	check_answer('"A 192.168.6.6" with suffixed zone name in owner return local A rrset',
+		'rra-zonename-suffix.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, '192.168.6.6')
+	check_answer('"A 192.168.7.7" with suffixed zone name in owner return local A rrset',
+		'testdomain.rra.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, '192.168.7.7')
+	check_answer('non existing AAAA on rra domain return NODATA',
+		'rra.', kres.type.AAAA, kres.rcode.NOERROR, {})
+	check_answer('"A 192.168.8.8" and domain with uppercase and lowercase letters',
+		'case.sensitive.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, '192.168.8.8')
+	check_answer('"A 192.168.8.8" and domain with uppercase and lowercase letters',
+		'CASe.SENSItivE.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, '192.168.8.8')
+	check_answer('two AAAA records',
+		'two.records.', kres.type.AAAA, kres.rcode.NOERROR,
+		{'2001:db8::2', '2001:db8::1'})
+end
+
+local function test_rpz_soa()
+	check_answer('"CNAME ." return NXDOMAIN (SOA origin)',
+		'nxdomain-fqdn.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NXDOMAIN)
+	check_answer('"CNAME *." return NODATA (SOA origin)',
+		'nodata-fqdn.', kres.type.A, kres.rcode.NOERROR, {})
+end
+
+net.ipv4 = false
+net.ipv6 = false
+
+prepare_cache()
+
+policy.add(policy.rpz(policy.DENY, 'policy.test.rpz'))
+policy.add(policy.rpz(policy.DENY, 'policy.test.rpz.soa'))
+
+return {
+	test_rpz,
+	test_rpz_soa,
+}
diff --git a/modules/policy/policy.slice.test.lua b/modules/policy/policy.slice.test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..89c1b05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/policy.slice.test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+-- SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+-- check lua-psl is available
+local has_psl = pcall(require, 'psl')
+if not has_psl then
+	os.exit(77)  -- SKIP policy.slice
+end
+
+-- unload modules which are not related to this test
+if ta_update then
+        modules.unload('ta_update')
+end
+if ta_signal_query then
+        modules.unload('ta_signal_query')
+end
+if priming then
+        modules.unload('priming')
+end
+if detect_time_skew then
+        modules.unload('detect_time_skew')
+end
+
+local kres = require('kres')
+
+local slice_queries = {
+	{},
+	{},
+	{},
+}
+
+local function sliceaction(index)
+	return function(_, req)
+		-- log query
+		local qry = req:current()
+		local name = kres.dname2str(qry:name())
+		local count = slice_queries[index][name]
+		if not count then
+			count = 0
+		end
+		slice_queries[index][name] = count + 1
+
+		-- refuse query
+		local answer = req:ensure_answer()
+		if answer == nil then return nil end
+		answer:rcode(kres.rcode.REFUSED)
+		answer:ad(false)
+		return kres.DONE
+	end
+end
+
+-- configure slicing
+policy.add(policy.slice(
+	policy.slice_randomize_psl(0),
+	sliceaction(1),
+	sliceaction(2),
+	sliceaction(3)
+))
+
+local function check_slice(desc, qname, qtype, expected_slice, expected_count)
+	callback = function()
+		count = slice_queries[expected_slice][qname]
+		qtype_str = kres.tostring.type[qtype]
+		same(count, expected_count, desc .. qname .. ' ' .. qtype_str)
+	end
+	resolve(qname, qtype, kres.class.IN, {}, callback)
+end
+
+local function test_randomize_psl()
+	local desc = 'randomize_psl() same qname, different qtype (same slice): '
+	check_slice(desc, 'example.com.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'example.com.', kres.type.AAAA, 2, 2)
+	check_slice(desc, 'example.com.', kres.type.MX, 2, 3)
+	check_slice(desc, 'example.com.', kres.type.NS, 2, 4)
+
+	desc = 'randomize_psl() subdomain in same slice: '
+	check_slice(desc, 'a.example.com.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'b.example.com.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'c.example.com.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'a.a.example.com.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'a.a.a.example.com.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+
+	desc = 'randomize_psl() different qnames in different slices: '
+	check_slice(desc, 'example2.com.', kres.type.A, 1, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'example5.com.', kres.type.A, 3, 1)
+
+	desc = 'randomize_psl() check unregistrable domains: '
+	check_slice(desc, '.', kres.type.A, 3, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'com.', kres.type.A, 1, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'cz.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'co.uk.', kres.type.A, 1, 1)
+
+	desc = 'randomize_psl() check multi-level reg. domains: '
+	check_slice(desc, 'example.co.uk.', kres.type.A, 3, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'a.example.co.uk.', kres.type.A, 3, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'b.example.co.uk.', kres.type.MX, 3, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'example2.co.uk.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+
+	desc = 'randomize_psl() reg. domain - always ends up in slice: '
+	check_slice(desc, 'fdsnnsdfvkdn.com.', kres.type.A, 3, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'bdfbd.cz.', kres.type.A, 1, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'nrojgvn.net.', kres.type.A, 1, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'jnojtnbv.engineer.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'dfnjonfdsjg.gov.', kres.type.A, 1, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'okfjnosdfgjn.mil.', kres.type.A, 1, 1)
+	check_slice(desc, 'josdhnojn.test.', kres.type.A, 2, 1)
+end
+
+return {
+	test_randomize_psl,
+}
diff --git a/modules/policy/policy.test.lua b/modules/policy/policy.test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69dda1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/policy.test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+-- SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+-- setup resolver
+-- policy module should be loaded by default, do not load it explicitly
+
+-- do not attempt to contact outside world, operate only on cache
+net.ipv4 = false
+net.ipv6 = false
+-- do not listen, test is driven by config code
+env.KRESD_NO_LISTEN = true
+
+-- test for default configuration
+local function test_tls_forward()
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {}, 'TLS_FORWARD without arguments')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {'1'}, 'TLS_FORWARD with non-table argument')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{}}, 'TLS_FORWARD with empty table')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{}}}, 'TLS_FORWARD with empty target table')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{bleble=''}}}, 'TLS_FORWARD with invalid parameters in table')
+
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{'1'}}, 'TLS_FORWARD with invalid IP address')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'::1', bleble=''}}}, 'TLS_FORWARD with valid IP and invalid parameters')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'127.0.0.1'}}}, 'TLS_FORWARD with missing auth parameters')
+
+	ok(policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'127.0.0.1', insecure=true}}), 'TLS_FORWARD with no authentication')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'100:dead::', insecure=true},
+				   {'100:DEAD:0::', insecure=true}
+			   }}, 'TLS_FORWARD with duplicate IP addresses is not allowed')
+	ok(policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'100:dead::2', insecure=true},
+			       {'100:dead::2@443', insecure=true}
+			   }), 'TLS_FORWARD with duplicate IP addresses but different ports is allowed')
+	ok(policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'100:dead::3', insecure=true},
+			       {'100:beef::3', insecure=true}
+			   }), 'TLS_FORWARD with different IPv6 addresses is allowed')
+	ok(policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'127.0.0.1', insecure=true},
+			       {'127.0.0.2', insecure=true}
+		           }), 'TLS_FORWARD with different IPv4 addresses is allowed')
+
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'::1', pin_sha256=''}}}, 'TLS_FORWARD with empty pin_sha256')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'::1', pin_sha256='č'}}}, 'TLS_FORWARD with bad pin_sha256')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'::1', pin_sha256='d161VN6aMSSdRN/TSDP6HZOHdaqcIvISlyFB9xLbGg='}}},
+		'TLS_FORWARD with bad pin_sha256 (short base64)')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'::1', pin_sha256='bbd161VN6aMSSdRN/TSDP6HZOHdaqcIvISlyFB9xLbGg='}}},
+		'TLS_FORWARD with bad pin_sha256 (long base64)')
+	ok(policy.TLS_FORWARD({
+			{'::1', pin_sha256='g1PpXsxqPchz2tH6w9kcvVXqzQ0QclhInFP2+VWOqic='}
+		}), 'TLS_FORWARD with base64 pin_sha256')
+	ok(policy.TLS_FORWARD({
+		{'::1', pin_sha256={
+			'ev1xcdU++dY9BlcX0QoKeaUftvXQvNIz/PCss1Z/3ek=',
+			'SgnqTFcvYduWX7+VUnlNFT1gwSNvQdZakH7blChIRbM=',
+			'bd161VN6aMSSdRN/TSDP6HZOHdaqcIvISlyFB9xLbGg=',
+		}}}), 'TLS_FORWARD with a table of pins')
+
+	-- ok(policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'::1', hostname='test.', ca_file='/tmp/ca.crt'}}), 'TLS_FORWARD with hostname + CA cert')
+	ok(policy.TLS_FORWARD({{'::1', hostname='test.'}}),
+		'TLS_FORWARD with just hostname (use system CA store)')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'::1', ca_file='/tmp/ca.crt'}}},
+		'TLS_FORWARD with just CA cert')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {{{'::1', hostname='', ca_file='/tmp/ca.crt'}}},
+		'TLS_FORWARD with empty hostname + CA cert')
+	boom(policy.TLS_FORWARD, {
+			{{'::1', hostname='test.', ca_file='/dev/a_file_which_surely_does_NOT_exist!'}}
+		}, 'TLS_FORWARD with hostname + unreadable CA cert')
+
+end
+
+local function test_slice()
+	boom(policy.slice, {function() end}, 'policy.slice() without any action')
+	ok(policy.slice, {function() end, policy.FORWARD, policy.FORWARD})
+end
+
+local function mirror_parser(srv, cv, nqueries)
+	local ffi = require('ffi')
+	local test_end = 0
+	local TIMEOUT = 5  -- seconds
+
+	while true do
+		local input = srv:xread('*a', 'bn', TIMEOUT)
+		if not input then
+			cv:signal()
+			return false, 'mirror: timeout'
+		end
+		--print(#input, input)
+		-- convert query to knot_pkt_t
+		local wire = ffi.cast("void *", input)
+		local pkt = ffi.gc(ffi.C.knot_pkt_new(wire, #input, nil), ffi.C.knot_pkt_free)
+		if not pkt then
+			cv:signal()
+			return false, 'mirror: packet allocation error'
+		end
+
+		local result = ffi.C.knot_pkt_parse(pkt, 0)
+		if result ~= 0 then
+			cv:signal()
+			return false, 'mirror: packet parse error'
+		end
+		--print(pkt)
+		test_end = test_end + 1
+
+		if test_end == nqueries then
+			cv:signal()
+			return true, 'packet mirror pass'
+		end
+
+	end
+end
+
+local function test_mirror()
+	local kluautil = require('kluautil')
+	local socket = require('cqueues.socket')
+	local cond = require('cqueues.condition')
+	local cv = cond.new()
+	local queries = {}
+	local srv = socket.listen({
+		host = "127.0.0.1",
+		port = 36659,
+		type = socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+	})
+	-- binary mode, no buffering
+	srv:setmode('bn', 'bn')
+
+	queries["bla.mujtest.cz."] = kres.type.AAAA
+	queries["bla.mujtest2.cz."] = kres.type.AAAA
+
+	-- UDP server for test
+	worker.bg_worker.cq:wrap(function()
+		local err, msg = mirror_parser(srv, cv, kluautil.kr_table_len(queries))
+
+		ok(err, msg)
+	end)
+
+	policy.add(policy.suffix(policy.MIRROR('127.0.0.1@36659'), policy.todnames({'mujtest.cz.'})))
+	policy.add(policy.suffix(policy.MIRROR('127.0.0.1@36659'), policy.todnames({'mujtest2.cz.'})))
+
+	for name, rtype in pairs(queries) do
+		resolve(name, rtype)
+	end
+
+	cv:wait()
+end
+
+return {
+	test_tls_forward,
+	test_mirror,
+	test_slice,
+}
diff --git a/modules/policy/policy.test.rpz b/modules/policy/policy.test.rpz
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d962e9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/policy.test.rpz
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+$ORIGIN testdomain.
+$TTL 30
+testdomain.		SOA nonexistent.testdomain. testdomain. 1 12h 15m 3w 2h
+			NS  nonexistent.testdomain.
+
+nxdomain		CNAME	.
+nodata			CNAME	*.
+*.nxdomain		CNAME	*.
+rpzdrop			CNAME	rpz-drop.
+rpzpassthru		CNAME	rpz-passthru.
+rra				A	192.168.5.5
+rra-zonename-suffix		A	192.168.6.6
+testdomain.rra.testdomain.	A	192.168.7.7
+CaSe.SeNSiTiVe			A	192.168.8.8
+
+two.records		AAAA	2001:db8::2
+two.records		AAAA	2001:db8::1
+
diff --git a/modules/policy/policy.test.rpz.soa b/modules/policy/policy.test.rpz.soa
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad18aa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/policy.test.rpz.soa
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+test2domain.	SOA nonexistent.test2domain. test2domain. 1 12h 15m 3w 2h
+		NS  nonexistent.test2domain.
+
+nxdomain-fqdn.test2domain.		CNAME	.
+nodata-fqdn.test2domain.		CNAME	*.
diff --git a/modules/policy/test.integr/deckard.yaml b/modules/policy/test.integr/deckard.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c6cb70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/test.integr/deckard.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+programs:
+- name: kresd
+  binary: kresd
+  additional:
+    - --noninteractive
+  templates:
+    - modules/policy/test.integr/kresd_config.j2
+    - tests/integration/hints_zone.j2
+  configs:
+    - config
+    - hints
diff --git a/modules/policy/test.integr/kresd_config.j2 b/modules/policy/test.integr/kresd_config.j2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..668c792
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/test.integr/kresd_config.j2
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+-- SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+{% raw %}
+policy.add(policy.domains(policy.DENY, {todname('example.com')}))
+policy.add(policy.suffix(policy.REFUSE, {todname('refuse.example.com')}))
+
+-- make sure DNSSEC is turned off for tests
+trust_anchors.remove('.')
+
+-- Disable RFC5011 TA update
+if ta_update then
+        modules.unload('ta_update')
+end
+
+-- Disable RFC8145 signaling, scenario doesn't provide expected answers
+if ta_signal_query then
+        modules.unload('ta_signal_query')
+end
+
+-- Disable RFC8109 priming, scenario doesn't provide expected answers
+if priming then
+        modules.unload('priming')
+end
+
+-- Disable this module because it make one priming query
+if detect_time_skew then
+        modules.unload('detect_time_skew')
+end
+
+_hint_root_file('hints')
+cache.size = 2*MB
+log_level('debug')
+{% endraw %}
+
+net = { '{{SELF_ADDR}}' }
+
+
+{% if QMIN == "false" %}
+option('NO_MINIMIZE', true)
+{% else %}
+option('NO_MINIMIZE', false)
+{% endif %}
+
+
+-- Self-checks on globals
+assert(help() ~= nil)
+assert(worker.id ~= nil)
+-- Self-checks on facilities
+assert(cache.count() == 0)
+assert(cache.stats() ~= nil)
+assert(cache.backends() ~= nil)
+assert(worker.stats() ~= nil)
+assert(net.interfaces() ~= nil)
+-- Self-checks on loaded stuff
+assert(net.list()[1].transport.ip == '{{SELF_ADDR}}')
+assert(#modules.list() > 0)
+-- Self-check timers
+ev = event.recurrent(1 * sec, function (ev) return 1 end)
+event.cancel(ev)
+ev = event.after(0, function (ev) return 1 end)
diff --git a/modules/policy/test.integr/refuse.rpl b/modules/policy/test.integr/refuse.rpl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08f9942
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/policy/test.integr/refuse.rpl
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+; SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+; config options
+	stub-addr: 193.0.14.129 	# K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+CONFIG_END
+
+SCENARIO_BEGIN Test refuse policy
+
+STEP 10 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD AD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.refuse.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 20 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all answer
+; AD must not be set in the answer
+REPLY QR RD RA REFUSED
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.refuse.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 30 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD AD
+SECTION QUESTION
+example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 40 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all answer
+REPLY QR RD AA RA NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com. 10800 IN SOA example.com. nobody.invalid. 1 3600 1200 604800 10800
+ENTRY_END
+
+
+SCENARIO_END