Adding upstream version 6.1.76.upstream/6.1.76

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 6616 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/android/binder.c b/drivers/android/binder.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d933ef6cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/android/binder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,6616 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/* binder.c
+ *
+ * Android IPC Subsystem
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Google, Inc.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Locking overview
+ *
+ * There are 3 main spinlocks which must be acquired in the
+ * order shown:
+ *
+ * 1) proc->outer_lock : protects binder_ref
+ *    binder_proc_lock() and binder_proc_unlock() are
+ *    used to acq/rel.
+ * 2) node->lock : protects most fields of binder_node.
+ *    binder_node_lock() and binder_node_unlock() are
+ *    used to acq/rel
+ * 3) proc->inner_lock : protects the thread and node lists
+ *    (proc->threads, proc->waiting_threads, proc->nodes)
+ *    and all todo lists associated with the binder_proc
+ *    (proc->todo, thread->todo, proc->delivered_death and
+ *    node->async_todo), as well as thread->transaction_stack
+ *    binder_inner_proc_lock() and binder_inner_proc_unlock()
+ *    are used to acq/rel
+ *
+ * Any lock under procA must never be nested under any lock at the same
+ * level or below on procB.
+ *
+ * Functions that require a lock held on entry indicate which lock
+ * in the suffix of the function name:
+ *
+ * foo_olocked() : requires node->outer_lock
+ * foo_nlocked() : requires node->lock
+ * foo_ilocked() : requires proc->inner_lock
+ * foo_oilocked(): requires proc->outer_lock and proc->inner_lock
+ * foo_nilocked(): requires node->lock and proc->inner_lock
+ * ...
+ */
+
+#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
+
+#include <linux/fdtable.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/freezer.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
+#include <linux/poll.h>
+#include <linux/debugfs.h>
+#include <linux/rbtree.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
+#include <linux/syscalls.h>
+#include <linux/task_work.h>
+#include <linux/sizes.h>
+
+#include <uapi/linux/android/binder.h>
+
+#include <linux/cacheflush.h>
+
+#include "binder_internal.h"
+#include "binder_trace.h"
+
+static HLIST_HEAD(binder_deferred_list);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(binder_deferred_lock);
+
+static HLIST_HEAD(binder_devices);
+static HLIST_HEAD(binder_procs);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(binder_procs_lock);
+
+static HLIST_HEAD(binder_dead_nodes);
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+
+static struct dentry *binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root;
+static struct dentry *binder_debugfs_dir_entry_proc;
+static atomic_t binder_last_id;
+
+static int proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused);
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(proc);
+
+#define FORBIDDEN_MMAP_FLAGS                (VM_WRITE)
+
+enum {
+	BINDER_DEBUG_USER_ERROR             = 1U << 0,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION     = 1U << 1,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION       = 1U << 2,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE             = 1U << 3,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER            = 1U << 4,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_DEATH_NOTIFICATION     = 1U << 5,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_READ_WRITE             = 1U << 6,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_USER_REFS              = 1U << 7,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS                = 1U << 8,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION            = 1U << 9,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE   = 1U << 10,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_FREE_BUFFER            = 1U << 11,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS          = 1U << 12,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_PRIORITY_CAP           = 1U << 13,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS              = 1U << 14,
+};
+static uint32_t binder_debug_mask = BINDER_DEBUG_USER_ERROR |
+	BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION | BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION;
+module_param_named(debug_mask, binder_debug_mask, uint, 0644);
+
+char *binder_devices_param = CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_DEVICES;
+module_param_named(devices, binder_devices_param, charp, 0444);
+
+static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(binder_user_error_wait);
+static int binder_stop_on_user_error;
+
+static int binder_set_stop_on_user_error(const char *val,
+					 const struct kernel_param *kp)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = param_set_int(val, kp);
+	if (binder_stop_on_user_error < 2)
+		wake_up(&binder_user_error_wait);
+	return ret;
+}
+module_param_call(stop_on_user_error, binder_set_stop_on_user_error,
+	param_get_int, &binder_stop_on_user_error, 0644);
+
+static __printf(2, 3) void binder_debug(int mask, const char *format, ...)
+{
+	struct va_format vaf;
+	va_list args;
+
+	if (binder_debug_mask & mask) {
+		va_start(args, format);
+		vaf.va = &args;
+		vaf.fmt = format;
+		pr_info_ratelimited("%pV", &vaf);
+		va_end(args);
+	}
+}
+
+#define binder_txn_error(x...) \
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION, x)
+
+static __printf(1, 2) void binder_user_error(const char *format, ...)
+{
+	struct va_format vaf;
+	va_list args;
+
+	if (binder_debug_mask & BINDER_DEBUG_USER_ERROR) {
+		va_start(args, format);
+		vaf.va = &args;
+		vaf.fmt = format;
+		pr_info_ratelimited("%pV", &vaf);
+		va_end(args);
+	}
+
+	if (binder_stop_on_user_error)
+		binder_stop_on_user_error = 2;
+}
+
+#define binder_set_extended_error(ee, _id, _command, _param) \
+	do { \
+		(ee)->id = _id; \
+		(ee)->command = _command; \
+		(ee)->param = _param; \
+	} while (0)
+
+#define to_flat_binder_object(hdr) \
+	container_of(hdr, struct flat_binder_object, hdr)
+
+#define to_binder_fd_object(hdr) container_of(hdr, struct binder_fd_object, hdr)
+
+#define to_binder_buffer_object(hdr) \
+	container_of(hdr, struct binder_buffer_object, hdr)
+
+#define to_binder_fd_array_object(hdr) \
+	container_of(hdr, struct binder_fd_array_object, hdr)
+
+static struct binder_stats binder_stats;
+
+static inline void binder_stats_deleted(enum binder_stat_types type)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&binder_stats.obj_deleted[type]);
+}
+
+static inline void binder_stats_created(enum binder_stat_types type)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&binder_stats.obj_created[type]);
+}
+
+struct binder_transaction_log_entry {
+	int debug_id;
+	int debug_id_done;
+	int call_type;
+	int from_proc;
+	int from_thread;
+	int target_handle;
+	int to_proc;
+	int to_thread;
+	int to_node;
+	int data_size;
+	int offsets_size;
+	int return_error_line;
+	uint32_t return_error;
+	uint32_t return_error_param;
+	char context_name[BINDERFS_MAX_NAME + 1];
+};
+
+struct binder_transaction_log {
+	atomic_t cur;
+	bool full;
+	struct binder_transaction_log_entry entry[32];
+};
+
+static struct binder_transaction_log binder_transaction_log;
+static struct binder_transaction_log binder_transaction_log_failed;
+
+static struct binder_transaction_log_entry *binder_transaction_log_add(
+	struct binder_transaction_log *log)
+{
+	struct binder_transaction_log_entry *e;
+	unsigned int cur = atomic_inc_return(&log->cur);
+
+	if (cur >= ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry))
+		log->full = true;
+	e = &log->entry[cur % ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry)];
+	WRITE_ONCE(e->debug_id_done, 0);
+	/*
+	 * write-barrier to synchronize access to e->debug_id_done.
+	 * We make sure the initialized 0 value is seen before
+	 * memset() other fields are zeroed by memset.
+	 */
+	smp_wmb();
+	memset(e, 0, sizeof(*e));
+	return e;
+}
+
+enum binder_deferred_state {
+	BINDER_DEFERRED_FLUSH        = 0x01,
+	BINDER_DEFERRED_RELEASE      = 0x02,
+};
+
+enum {
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED  = 0x01,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED     = 0x02,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_EXITED      = 0x04,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_INVALID     = 0x08,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_WAITING     = 0x10,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL        = 0x20,
+};
+
+/**
+ * binder_proc_lock() - Acquire outer lock for given binder_proc
+ * @proc:         struct binder_proc to acquire
+ *
+ * Acquires proc->outer_lock. Used to protect binder_ref
+ * structures associated with the given proc.
+ */
+#define binder_proc_lock(proc) _binder_proc_lock(proc, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_proc_lock(struct binder_proc *proc, int line)
+	__acquires(&proc->outer_lock)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_lock(&proc->outer_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_proc_unlock() - Release spinlock for given binder_proc
+ * @proc:         struct binder_proc to acquire
+ *
+ * Release lock acquired via binder_proc_lock()
+ */
+#define binder_proc_unlock(_proc) _binder_proc_unlock(_proc, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_proc_unlock(struct binder_proc *proc, int line)
+	__releases(&proc->outer_lock)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_unlock(&proc->outer_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_inner_proc_lock() - Acquire inner lock for given binder_proc
+ * @proc:         struct binder_proc to acquire
+ *
+ * Acquires proc->inner_lock. Used to protect todo lists
+ */
+#define binder_inner_proc_lock(proc) _binder_inner_proc_lock(proc, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_inner_proc_lock(struct binder_proc *proc, int line)
+	__acquires(&proc->inner_lock)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_lock(&proc->inner_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_inner_proc_unlock() - Release inner lock for given binder_proc
+ * @proc:         struct binder_proc to acquire
+ *
+ * Release lock acquired via binder_inner_proc_lock()
+ */
+#define binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc) _binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_inner_proc_unlock(struct binder_proc *proc, int line)
+	__releases(&proc->inner_lock)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_unlock(&proc->inner_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_node_lock() - Acquire spinlock for given binder_node
+ * @node:         struct binder_node to acquire
+ *
+ * Acquires node->lock. Used to protect binder_node fields
+ */
+#define binder_node_lock(node) _binder_node_lock(node, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_node_lock(struct binder_node *node, int line)
+	__acquires(&node->lock)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_lock(&node->lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_node_unlock() - Release spinlock for given binder_proc
+ * @node:         struct binder_node to acquire
+ *
+ * Release lock acquired via binder_node_lock()
+ */
+#define binder_node_unlock(node) _binder_node_unlock(node, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_node_unlock(struct binder_node *node, int line)
+	__releases(&node->lock)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_unlock(&node->lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_node_inner_lock() - Acquire node and inner locks
+ * @node:         struct binder_node to acquire
+ *
+ * Acquires node->lock. If node->proc also acquires
+ * proc->inner_lock. Used to protect binder_node fields
+ */
+#define binder_node_inner_lock(node) _binder_node_inner_lock(node, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_node_inner_lock(struct binder_node *node, int line)
+	__acquires(&node->lock) __acquires(&node->proc->inner_lock)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_lock(&node->lock);
+	if (node->proc)
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(node->proc);
+	else
+		/* annotation for sparse */
+		__acquire(&node->proc->inner_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_node_unlock() - Release node and inner locks
+ * @node:         struct binder_node to acquire
+ *
+ * Release lock acquired via binder_node_lock()
+ */
+#define binder_node_inner_unlock(node) _binder_node_inner_unlock(node, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_node_inner_unlock(struct binder_node *node, int line)
+	__releases(&node->lock) __releases(&node->proc->inner_lock)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = node->proc;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	if (proc)
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	else
+		/* annotation for sparse */
+		__release(&node->proc->inner_lock);
+	spin_unlock(&node->lock);
+}
+
+static bool binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(struct list_head *list)
+{
+	return list_empty(list);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_worklist_empty() - Check if no items on the work list
+ * @proc:       binder_proc associated with list
+ * @list:	list to check
+ *
+ * Return: true if there are no items on list, else false
+ */
+static bool binder_worklist_empty(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				  struct list_head *list)
+{
+	bool ret;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	ret = binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(list);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_enqueue_work_ilocked() - Add an item to the work list
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to add to list
+ * @target_list:  list to add work to
+ *
+ * Adds the work to the specified list. Asserts that work
+ * is not already on a list.
+ *
+ * Requires the proc->inner_lock to be held.
+ */
+static void
+binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(struct binder_work *work,
+			   struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	BUG_ON(target_list == NULL);
+	BUG_ON(work->entry.next && !list_empty(&work->entry));
+	list_add_tail(&work->entry, target_list);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_enqueue_deferred_thread_work_ilocked() - Add deferred thread work
+ * @thread:       thread to queue work to
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to add to list
+ *
+ * Adds the work to the todo list of the thread. Doesn't set the process_todo
+ * flag, which means that (if it wasn't already set) the thread will go to
+ * sleep without handling this work when it calls read.
+ *
+ * Requires the proc->inner_lock to be held.
+ */
+static void
+binder_enqueue_deferred_thread_work_ilocked(struct binder_thread *thread,
+					    struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	WARN_ON(!list_empty(&thread->waiting_thread_node));
+	binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(work, &thread->todo);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked() - Add an item to the thread work list
+ * @thread:       thread to queue work to
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to add to list
+ *
+ * Adds the work to the todo list of the thread, and enables processing
+ * of the todo queue.
+ *
+ * Requires the proc->inner_lock to be held.
+ */
+static void
+binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(struct binder_thread *thread,
+				   struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	WARN_ON(!list_empty(&thread->waiting_thread_node));
+	binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(work, &thread->todo);
+	thread->process_todo = true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_enqueue_thread_work() - Add an item to the thread work list
+ * @thread:       thread to queue work to
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to add to list
+ *
+ * Adds the work to the todo list of the thread, and enables processing
+ * of the todo queue.
+ */
+static void
+binder_enqueue_thread_work(struct binder_thread *thread,
+			   struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(thread, work);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+}
+
+static void
+binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	list_del_init(&work->entry);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_dequeue_work() - Removes an item from the work list
+ * @proc:         binder_proc associated with list
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to remove from list
+ *
+ * Removes the specified work item from whatever list it is on.
+ * Can safely be called if work is not on any list.
+ */
+static void
+binder_dequeue_work(struct binder_proc *proc, struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(work);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+}
+
+static struct binder_work *binder_dequeue_work_head_ilocked(
+					struct list_head *list)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+
+	w = list_first_entry_or_null(list, struct binder_work, entry);
+	if (w)
+		list_del_init(&w->entry);
+	return w;
+}
+
+static void
+binder_defer_work(struct binder_proc *proc, enum binder_deferred_state defer);
+static void binder_free_thread(struct binder_thread *thread);
+static void binder_free_proc(struct binder_proc *proc);
+static void binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(struct binder_node *node);
+
+static bool binder_has_work_ilocked(struct binder_thread *thread,
+				    bool do_proc_work)
+{
+	return thread->process_todo ||
+		thread->looper_need_return ||
+		(do_proc_work &&
+		 !binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&thread->proc->todo));
+}
+
+static bool binder_has_work(struct binder_thread *thread, bool do_proc_work)
+{
+	bool has_work;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	has_work = binder_has_work_ilocked(thread, do_proc_work);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+
+	return has_work;
+}
+
+static bool binder_available_for_proc_work_ilocked(struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	return !thread->transaction_stack &&
+		binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&thread->todo) &&
+		(thread->looper & (BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED |
+				   BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED));
+}
+
+static void binder_wakeup_poll_threads_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					       bool sync)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		thread = rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+		if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL &&
+		    binder_available_for_proc_work_ilocked(thread)) {
+			if (sync)
+				wake_up_interruptible_sync(&thread->wait);
+			else
+				wake_up_interruptible(&thread->wait);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_select_thread_ilocked() - selects a thread for doing proc work.
+ * @proc:	process to select a thread from
+ *
+ * Note that calling this function moves the thread off the waiting_threads
+ * list, so it can only be woken up by the caller of this function, or a
+ * signal. Therefore, callers *should* always wake up the thread this function
+ * returns.
+ *
+ * Return:	If there's a thread currently waiting for process work,
+ *		returns that thread. Otherwise returns NULL.
+ */
+static struct binder_thread *
+binder_select_thread_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+	thread = list_first_entry_or_null(&proc->waiting_threads,
+					  struct binder_thread,
+					  waiting_thread_node);
+
+	if (thread)
+		list_del_init(&thread->waiting_thread_node);
+
+	return thread;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_wakeup_thread_ilocked() - wakes up a thread for doing proc work.
+ * @proc:	process to wake up a thread in
+ * @thread:	specific thread to wake-up (may be NULL)
+ * @sync:	whether to do a synchronous wake-up
+ *
+ * This function wakes up a thread in the @proc process.
+ * The caller may provide a specific thread to wake-up in
+ * the @thread parameter. If @thread is NULL, this function
+ * will wake up threads that have called poll().
+ *
+ * Note that for this function to work as expected, callers
+ * should first call binder_select_thread() to find a thread
+ * to handle the work (if they don't have a thread already),
+ * and pass the result into the @thread parameter.
+ */
+static void binder_wakeup_thread_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					 struct binder_thread *thread,
+					 bool sync)
+{
+	assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+
+	if (thread) {
+		if (sync)
+			wake_up_interruptible_sync(&thread->wait);
+		else
+			wake_up_interruptible(&thread->wait);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Didn't find a thread waiting for proc work; this can happen
+	 * in two scenarios:
+	 * 1. All threads are busy handling transactions
+	 *    In that case, one of those threads should call back into
+	 *    the kernel driver soon and pick up this work.
+	 * 2. Threads are using the (e)poll interface, in which case
+	 *    they may be blocked on the waitqueue without having been
+	 *    added to waiting_threads. For this case, we just iterate
+	 *    over all threads not handling transaction work, and
+	 *    wake them all up. We wake all because we don't know whether
+	 *    a thread that called into (e)poll is handling non-binder
+	 *    work currently.
+	 */
+	binder_wakeup_poll_threads_ilocked(proc, sync);
+}
+
+static void binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *thread = binder_select_thread_ilocked(proc);
+
+	binder_wakeup_thread_ilocked(proc, thread, /* sync = */false);
+}
+
+static void binder_set_nice(long nice)
+{
+	long min_nice;
+
+	if (can_nice(current, nice)) {
+		set_user_nice(current, nice);
+		return;
+	}
+	min_nice = rlimit_to_nice(rlimit(RLIMIT_NICE));
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_PRIORITY_CAP,
+		     "%d: nice value %ld not allowed use %ld instead\n",
+		      current->pid, nice, min_nice);
+	set_user_nice(current, min_nice);
+	if (min_nice <= MAX_NICE)
+		return;
+	binder_user_error("%d RLIMIT_NICE not set\n", current->pid);
+}
+
+static struct binder_node *binder_get_node_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc,
+						   binder_uintptr_t ptr)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n = proc->nodes.rb_node;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+
+	while (n) {
+		node = rb_entry(n, struct binder_node, rb_node);
+
+		if (ptr < node->ptr)
+			n = n->rb_left;
+		else if (ptr > node->ptr)
+			n = n->rb_right;
+		else {
+			/*
+			 * take an implicit weak reference
+			 * to ensure node stays alive until
+			 * call to binder_put_node()
+			 */
+			binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+			return node;
+		}
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct binder_node *binder_get_node(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					   binder_uintptr_t ptr)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	node = binder_get_node_ilocked(proc, ptr);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return node;
+}
+
+static struct binder_node *binder_init_node_ilocked(
+						struct binder_proc *proc,
+						struct binder_node *new_node,
+						struct flat_binder_object *fp)
+{
+	struct rb_node **p = &proc->nodes.rb_node;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	binder_uintptr_t ptr = fp ? fp->binder : 0;
+	binder_uintptr_t cookie = fp ? fp->cookie : 0;
+	__u32 flags = fp ? fp->flags : 0;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+
+	while (*p) {
+
+		parent = *p;
+		node = rb_entry(parent, struct binder_node, rb_node);
+
+		if (ptr < node->ptr)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (ptr > node->ptr)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else {
+			/*
+			 * A matching node is already in
+			 * the rb tree. Abandon the init
+			 * and return it.
+			 */
+			binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+			return node;
+		}
+	}
+	node = new_node;
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_NODE);
+	node->tmp_refs++;
+	rb_link_node(&node->rb_node, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&node->rb_node, &proc->nodes);
+	node->debug_id = atomic_inc_return(&binder_last_id);
+	node->proc = proc;
+	node->ptr = ptr;
+	node->cookie = cookie;
+	node->work.type = BINDER_WORK_NODE;
+	node->min_priority = flags & FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_PRIORITY_MASK;
+	node->accept_fds = !!(flags & FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_ACCEPTS_FDS);
+	node->txn_security_ctx = !!(flags & FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_TXN_SECURITY_CTX);
+	spin_lock_init(&node->lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->work.entry);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->async_todo);
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+		     "%d:%d node %d u%016llx c%016llx created\n",
+		     proc->pid, current->pid, node->debug_id,
+		     (u64)node->ptr, (u64)node->cookie);
+
+	return node;
+}
+
+static struct binder_node *binder_new_node(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					   struct flat_binder_object *fp)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_node *new_node = kzalloc(sizeof(*node), GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	if (!new_node)
+		return NULL;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	node = binder_init_node_ilocked(proc, new_node, fp);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (node != new_node)
+		/*
+		 * The node was already added by another thread
+		 */
+		kfree(new_node);
+
+	return node;
+}
+
+static void binder_free_node(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	kfree(node);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_NODE);
+}
+
+static int binder_inc_node_nilocked(struct binder_node *node, int strong,
+				    int internal,
+				    struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = node->proc;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&node->lock);
+	if (proc)
+		assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+	if (strong) {
+		if (internal) {
+			if (target_list == NULL &&
+			    node->internal_strong_refs == 0 &&
+			    !(node->proc &&
+			      node == node->proc->context->binder_context_mgr_node &&
+			      node->has_strong_ref)) {
+				pr_err("invalid inc strong node for %d\n",
+					node->debug_id);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			node->internal_strong_refs++;
+		} else
+			node->local_strong_refs++;
+		if (!node->has_strong_ref && target_list) {
+			struct binder_thread *thread = container_of(target_list,
+						    struct binder_thread, todo);
+			binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(&node->work);
+			BUG_ON(&thread->todo != target_list);
+			binder_enqueue_deferred_thread_work_ilocked(thread,
+								   &node->work);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (!internal)
+			node->local_weak_refs++;
+		if (!node->has_weak_ref && list_empty(&node->work.entry)) {
+			if (target_list == NULL) {
+				pr_err("invalid inc weak node for %d\n",
+					node->debug_id);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * See comment above
+			 */
+			binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&node->work, target_list);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_inc_node(struct binder_node *node, int strong, int internal,
+			   struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+	ret = binder_inc_node_nilocked(node, strong, internal, target_list);
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static bool binder_dec_node_nilocked(struct binder_node *node,
+				     int strong, int internal)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = node->proc;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&node->lock);
+	if (proc)
+		assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+	if (strong) {
+		if (internal)
+			node->internal_strong_refs--;
+		else
+			node->local_strong_refs--;
+		if (node->local_strong_refs || node->internal_strong_refs)
+			return false;
+	} else {
+		if (!internal)
+			node->local_weak_refs--;
+		if (node->local_weak_refs || node->tmp_refs ||
+				!hlist_empty(&node->refs))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	if (proc && (node->has_strong_ref || node->has_weak_ref)) {
+		if (list_empty(&node->work.entry)) {
+			binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&node->work, &proc->todo);
+			binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (hlist_empty(&node->refs) && !node->local_strong_refs &&
+		    !node->local_weak_refs && !node->tmp_refs) {
+			if (proc) {
+				binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(&node->work);
+				rb_erase(&node->rb_node, &proc->nodes);
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+					     "refless node %d deleted\n",
+					     node->debug_id);
+			} else {
+				BUG_ON(!list_empty(&node->work.entry));
+				spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+				/*
+				 * tmp_refs could have changed so
+				 * check it again
+				 */
+				if (node->tmp_refs) {
+					spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+					return false;
+				}
+				hlist_del(&node->dead_node);
+				spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+					     "dead node %d deleted\n",
+					     node->debug_id);
+			}
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+static void binder_dec_node(struct binder_node *node, int strong, int internal)
+{
+	bool free_node;
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+	free_node = binder_dec_node_nilocked(node, strong, internal);
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+	if (free_node)
+		binder_free_node(node);
+}
+
+static void binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	/*
+	 * No call to binder_inc_node() is needed since we
+	 * don't need to inform userspace of any changes to
+	 * tmp_refs
+	 */
+	node->tmp_refs++;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_inc_node_tmpref() - take a temporary reference on node
+ * @node:	node to reference
+ *
+ * Take reference on node to prevent the node from being freed
+ * while referenced only by a local variable. The inner lock is
+ * needed to serialize with the node work on the queue (which
+ * isn't needed after the node is dead). If the node is dead
+ * (node->proc is NULL), use binder_dead_nodes_lock to protect
+ * node->tmp_refs against dead-node-only cases where the node
+ * lock cannot be acquired (eg traversing the dead node list to
+ * print nodes)
+ */
+static void binder_inc_node_tmpref(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	if (node->proc)
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(node->proc);
+	else
+		spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+	if (node->proc)
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(node->proc);
+	else
+		spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	binder_node_unlock(node);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_dec_node_tmpref() - remove a temporary reference on node
+ * @node:	node to reference
+ *
+ * Release temporary reference on node taken via binder_inc_node_tmpref()
+ */
+static void binder_dec_node_tmpref(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	bool free_node;
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+	if (!node->proc)
+		spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	else
+		__acquire(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	node->tmp_refs--;
+	BUG_ON(node->tmp_refs < 0);
+	if (!node->proc)
+		spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	else
+		__release(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	/*
+	 * Call binder_dec_node() to check if all refcounts are 0
+	 * and cleanup is needed. Calling with strong=0 and internal=1
+	 * causes no actual reference to be released in binder_dec_node().
+	 * If that changes, a change is needed here too.
+	 */
+	free_node = binder_dec_node_nilocked(node, 0, 1);
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+	if (free_node)
+		binder_free_node(node);
+}
+
+static void binder_put_node(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	binder_dec_node_tmpref(node);
+}
+
+static struct binder_ref *binder_get_ref_olocked(struct binder_proc *proc,
+						 u32 desc, bool need_strong_ref)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n = proc->refs_by_desc.rb_node;
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+
+	while (n) {
+		ref = rb_entry(n, struct binder_ref, rb_node_desc);
+
+		if (desc < ref->data.desc) {
+			n = n->rb_left;
+		} else if (desc > ref->data.desc) {
+			n = n->rb_right;
+		} else if (need_strong_ref && !ref->data.strong) {
+			binder_user_error("tried to use weak ref as strong ref\n");
+			return NULL;
+		} else {
+			return ref;
+		}
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_ref_for_node_olocked() - get the ref associated with given node
+ * @proc:	binder_proc that owns the ref
+ * @node:	binder_node of target
+ * @new_ref:	newly allocated binder_ref to be initialized or %NULL
+ *
+ * Look up the ref for the given node and return it if it exists
+ *
+ * If it doesn't exist and the caller provides a newly allocated
+ * ref, initialize the fields of the newly allocated ref and insert
+ * into the given proc rb_trees and node refs list.
+ *
+ * Return:	the ref for node. It is possible that another thread
+ *		allocated/initialized the ref first in which case the
+ *		returned ref would be different than the passed-in
+ *		new_ref. new_ref must be kfree'd by the caller in
+ *		this case.
+ */
+static struct binder_ref *binder_get_ref_for_node_olocked(
+					struct binder_proc *proc,
+					struct binder_node *node,
+					struct binder_ref *new_ref)
+{
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	struct rb_node **p = &proc->refs_by_node.rb_node;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	struct rb_node *n;
+
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		ref = rb_entry(parent, struct binder_ref, rb_node_node);
+
+		if (node < ref->node)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (node > ref->node)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			return ref;
+	}
+	if (!new_ref)
+		return NULL;
+
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_REF);
+	new_ref->data.debug_id = atomic_inc_return(&binder_last_id);
+	new_ref->proc = proc;
+	new_ref->node = node;
+	rb_link_node(&new_ref->rb_node_node, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&new_ref->rb_node_node, &proc->refs_by_node);
+
+	new_ref->data.desc = (node == context->binder_context_mgr_node) ? 0 : 1;
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->refs_by_desc); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		ref = rb_entry(n, struct binder_ref, rb_node_desc);
+		if (ref->data.desc > new_ref->data.desc)
+			break;
+		new_ref->data.desc = ref->data.desc + 1;
+	}
+
+	p = &proc->refs_by_desc.rb_node;
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		ref = rb_entry(parent, struct binder_ref, rb_node_desc);
+
+		if (new_ref->data.desc < ref->data.desc)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (new_ref->data.desc > ref->data.desc)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			BUG();
+	}
+	rb_link_node(&new_ref->rb_node_desc, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&new_ref->rb_node_desc, &proc->refs_by_desc);
+
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	hlist_add_head(&new_ref->node_entry, &node->refs);
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+		     "%d new ref %d desc %d for node %d\n",
+		      proc->pid, new_ref->data.debug_id, new_ref->data.desc,
+		      node->debug_id);
+	binder_node_unlock(node);
+	return new_ref;
+}
+
+static void binder_cleanup_ref_olocked(struct binder_ref *ref)
+{
+	bool delete_node = false;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+		     "%d delete ref %d desc %d for node %d\n",
+		      ref->proc->pid, ref->data.debug_id, ref->data.desc,
+		      ref->node->debug_id);
+
+	rb_erase(&ref->rb_node_desc, &ref->proc->refs_by_desc);
+	rb_erase(&ref->rb_node_node, &ref->proc->refs_by_node);
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(ref->node);
+	if (ref->data.strong)
+		binder_dec_node_nilocked(ref->node, 1, 1);
+
+	hlist_del(&ref->node_entry);
+	delete_node = binder_dec_node_nilocked(ref->node, 0, 1);
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(ref->node);
+	/*
+	 * Clear ref->node unless we want the caller to free the node
+	 */
+	if (!delete_node) {
+		/*
+		 * The caller uses ref->node to determine
+		 * whether the node needs to be freed. Clear
+		 * it since the node is still alive.
+		 */
+		ref->node = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (ref->death) {
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+			     "%d delete ref %d desc %d has death notification\n",
+			      ref->proc->pid, ref->data.debug_id,
+			      ref->data.desc);
+		binder_dequeue_work(ref->proc, &ref->death->work);
+		binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_DEATH);
+	}
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_REF);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_inc_ref_olocked() - increment the ref for given handle
+ * @ref:         ref to be incremented
+ * @strong:      if true, strong increment, else weak
+ * @target_list: list to queue node work on
+ *
+ * Increment the ref. @ref->proc->outer_lock must be held on entry
+ *
+ * Return: 0, if successful, else errno
+ */
+static int binder_inc_ref_olocked(struct binder_ref *ref, int strong,
+				  struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (strong) {
+		if (ref->data.strong == 0) {
+			ret = binder_inc_node(ref->node, 1, 1, target_list);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
+		ref->data.strong++;
+	} else {
+		if (ref->data.weak == 0) {
+			ret = binder_inc_node(ref->node, 0, 1, target_list);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
+		ref->data.weak++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_dec_ref() - dec the ref for given handle
+ * @ref:	ref to be decremented
+ * @strong:	if true, strong decrement, else weak
+ *
+ * Decrement the ref.
+ *
+ * Return: true if ref is cleaned up and ready to be freed
+ */
+static bool binder_dec_ref_olocked(struct binder_ref *ref, int strong)
+{
+	if (strong) {
+		if (ref->data.strong == 0) {
+			binder_user_error("%d invalid dec strong, ref %d desc %d s %d w %d\n",
+					  ref->proc->pid, ref->data.debug_id,
+					  ref->data.desc, ref->data.strong,
+					  ref->data.weak);
+			return false;
+		}
+		ref->data.strong--;
+		if (ref->data.strong == 0)
+			binder_dec_node(ref->node, strong, 1);
+	} else {
+		if (ref->data.weak == 0) {
+			binder_user_error("%d invalid dec weak, ref %d desc %d s %d w %d\n",
+					  ref->proc->pid, ref->data.debug_id,
+					  ref->data.desc, ref->data.strong,
+					  ref->data.weak);
+			return false;
+		}
+		ref->data.weak--;
+	}
+	if (ref->data.strong == 0 && ref->data.weak == 0) {
+		binder_cleanup_ref_olocked(ref);
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_node_from_ref() - get the node from the given proc/desc
+ * @proc:	proc containing the ref
+ * @desc:	the handle associated with the ref
+ * @need_strong_ref: if true, only return node if ref is strong
+ * @rdata:	the id/refcount data for the ref
+ *
+ * Given a proc and ref handle, return the associated binder_node
+ *
+ * Return: a binder_node or NULL if not found or not strong when strong required
+ */
+static struct binder_node *binder_get_node_from_ref(
+		struct binder_proc *proc,
+		u32 desc, bool need_strong_ref,
+		struct binder_ref_data *rdata)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	ref = binder_get_ref_olocked(proc, desc, need_strong_ref);
+	if (!ref)
+		goto err_no_ref;
+	node = ref->node;
+	/*
+	 * Take an implicit reference on the node to ensure
+	 * it stays alive until the call to binder_put_node()
+	 */
+	binder_inc_node_tmpref(node);
+	if (rdata)
+		*rdata = ref->data;
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	return node;
+
+err_no_ref:
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_free_ref() - free the binder_ref
+ * @ref:	ref to free
+ *
+ * Free the binder_ref. Free the binder_node indicated by ref->node
+ * (if non-NULL) and the binder_ref_death indicated by ref->death.
+ */
+static void binder_free_ref(struct binder_ref *ref)
+{
+	if (ref->node)
+		binder_free_node(ref->node);
+	kfree(ref->death);
+	kfree(ref);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_update_ref_for_handle() - inc/dec the ref for given handle
+ * @proc:	proc containing the ref
+ * @desc:	the handle associated with the ref
+ * @increment:	true=inc reference, false=dec reference
+ * @strong:	true=strong reference, false=weak reference
+ * @rdata:	the id/refcount data for the ref
+ *
+ * Given a proc and ref handle, increment or decrement the ref
+ * according to "increment" arg.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 if successful, else errno
+ */
+static int binder_update_ref_for_handle(struct binder_proc *proc,
+		uint32_t desc, bool increment, bool strong,
+		struct binder_ref_data *rdata)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	bool delete_ref = false;
+
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	ref = binder_get_ref_olocked(proc, desc, strong);
+	if (!ref) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto err_no_ref;
+	}
+	if (increment)
+		ret = binder_inc_ref_olocked(ref, strong, NULL);
+	else
+		delete_ref = binder_dec_ref_olocked(ref, strong);
+
+	if (rdata)
+		*rdata = ref->data;
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	if (delete_ref)
+		binder_free_ref(ref);
+	return ret;
+
+err_no_ref:
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_dec_ref_for_handle() - dec the ref for given handle
+ * @proc:	proc containing the ref
+ * @desc:	the handle associated with the ref
+ * @strong:	true=strong reference, false=weak reference
+ * @rdata:	the id/refcount data for the ref
+ *
+ * Just calls binder_update_ref_for_handle() to decrement the ref.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 if successful, else errno
+ */
+static int binder_dec_ref_for_handle(struct binder_proc *proc,
+		uint32_t desc, bool strong, struct binder_ref_data *rdata)
+{
+	return binder_update_ref_for_handle(proc, desc, false, strong, rdata);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * binder_inc_ref_for_node() - increment the ref for given proc/node
+ * @proc:	 proc containing the ref
+ * @node:	 target node
+ * @strong:	 true=strong reference, false=weak reference
+ * @target_list: worklist to use if node is incremented
+ * @rdata:	 the id/refcount data for the ref
+ *
+ * Given a proc and node, increment the ref. Create the ref if it
+ * doesn't already exist
+ *
+ * Return: 0 if successful, else errno
+ */
+static int binder_inc_ref_for_node(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			struct binder_node *node,
+			bool strong,
+			struct list_head *target_list,
+			struct binder_ref_data *rdata)
+{
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	struct binder_ref *new_ref = NULL;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	ref = binder_get_ref_for_node_olocked(proc, node, NULL);
+	if (!ref) {
+		binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+		new_ref = kzalloc(sizeof(*ref), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!new_ref)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		binder_proc_lock(proc);
+		ref = binder_get_ref_for_node_olocked(proc, node, new_ref);
+	}
+	ret = binder_inc_ref_olocked(ref, strong, target_list);
+	*rdata = ref->data;
+	if (ret && ref == new_ref) {
+		/*
+		 * Cleanup the failed reference here as the target
+		 * could now be dead and have already released its
+		 * references by now. Calling on the new reference
+		 * with strong=0 and a tmp_refs will not decrement
+		 * the node. The new_ref gets kfree'd below.
+		 */
+		binder_cleanup_ref_olocked(new_ref);
+		ref = NULL;
+	}
+
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (new_ref && ref != new_ref)
+		/*
+		 * Another thread created the ref first so
+		 * free the one we allocated
+		 */
+		kfree(new_ref);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void binder_pop_transaction_ilocked(struct binder_thread *target_thread,
+					   struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!target_thread);
+	assert_spin_locked(&target_thread->proc->inner_lock);
+	BUG_ON(target_thread->transaction_stack != t);
+	BUG_ON(target_thread->transaction_stack->from != target_thread);
+	target_thread->transaction_stack =
+		target_thread->transaction_stack->from_parent;
+	t->from = NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_thread_dec_tmpref() - decrement thread->tmp_ref
+ * @thread:	thread to decrement
+ *
+ * A thread needs to be kept alive while being used to create or
+ * handle a transaction. binder_get_txn_from() is used to safely
+ * extract t->from from a binder_transaction and keep the thread
+ * indicated by t->from from being freed. When done with that
+ * binder_thread, this function is called to decrement the
+ * tmp_ref and free if appropriate (thread has been released
+ * and no transaction being processed by the driver)
+ */
+static void binder_thread_dec_tmpref(struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	/*
+	 * atomic is used to protect the counter value while
+	 * it cannot reach zero or thread->is_dead is false
+	 */
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	atomic_dec(&thread->tmp_ref);
+	if (thread->is_dead && !atomic_read(&thread->tmp_ref)) {
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+		binder_free_thread(thread);
+		return;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_proc_dec_tmpref() - decrement proc->tmp_ref
+ * @proc:	proc to decrement
+ *
+ * A binder_proc needs to be kept alive while being used to create or
+ * handle a transaction. proc->tmp_ref is incremented when
+ * creating a new transaction or the binder_proc is currently in-use
+ * by threads that are being released. When done with the binder_proc,
+ * this function is called to decrement the counter and free the
+ * proc if appropriate (proc has been released, all threads have
+ * been released and not currenly in-use to process a transaction).
+ */
+static void binder_proc_dec_tmpref(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	proc->tmp_ref--;
+	if (proc->is_dead && RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&proc->threads) &&
+			!proc->tmp_ref) {
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_free_proc(proc);
+		return;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_txn_from() - safely extract the "from" thread in transaction
+ * @t:	binder transaction for t->from
+ *
+ * Atomically return the "from" thread and increment the tmp_ref
+ * count for the thread to ensure it stays alive until
+ * binder_thread_dec_tmpref() is called.
+ *
+ * Return: the value of t->from
+ */
+static struct binder_thread *binder_get_txn_from(
+		struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *from;
+
+	spin_lock(&t->lock);
+	from = t->from;
+	if (from)
+		atomic_inc(&from->tmp_ref);
+	spin_unlock(&t->lock);
+	return from;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner() - get t->from and acquire inner lock
+ * @t:	binder transaction for t->from
+ *
+ * Same as binder_get_txn_from() except it also acquires the proc->inner_lock
+ * to guarantee that the thread cannot be released while operating on it.
+ * The caller must call binder_inner_proc_unlock() to release the inner lock
+ * as well as call binder_dec_thread_txn() to release the reference.
+ *
+ * Return: the value of t->from
+ */
+static struct binder_thread *binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner(
+		struct binder_transaction *t)
+	__acquires(&t->from->proc->inner_lock)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *from;
+
+	from = binder_get_txn_from(t);
+	if (!from) {
+		__acquire(&from->proc->inner_lock);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(from->proc);
+	if (t->from) {
+		BUG_ON(from != t->from);
+		return from;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(from->proc);
+	__acquire(&from->proc->inner_lock);
+	binder_thread_dec_tmpref(from);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_free_txn_fixups() - free unprocessed fd fixups
+ * @t:	binder transaction for t->from
+ *
+ * If the transaction is being torn down prior to being
+ * processed by the target process, free all of the
+ * fd fixups and fput the file structs. It is safe to
+ * call this function after the fixups have been
+ * processed -- in that case, the list will be empty.
+ */
+static void binder_free_txn_fixups(struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_txn_fd_fixup *fixup, *tmp;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(fixup, tmp, &t->fd_fixups, fixup_entry) {
+		fput(fixup->file);
+		if (fixup->target_fd >= 0)
+			put_unused_fd(fixup->target_fd);
+		list_del(&fixup->fixup_entry);
+		kfree(fixup);
+	}
+}
+
+static void binder_txn_latency_free(struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	int from_proc, from_thread, to_proc, to_thread;
+
+	spin_lock(&t->lock);
+	from_proc = t->from ? t->from->proc->pid : 0;
+	from_thread = t->from ? t->from->pid : 0;
+	to_proc = t->to_proc ? t->to_proc->pid : 0;
+	to_thread = t->to_thread ? t->to_thread->pid : 0;
+	spin_unlock(&t->lock);
+
+	trace_binder_txn_latency_free(t, from_proc, from_thread, to_proc, to_thread);
+}
+
+static void binder_free_transaction(struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+
+	if (target_proc) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+		target_proc->outstanding_txns--;
+		if (target_proc->outstanding_txns < 0)
+			pr_warn("%s: Unexpected outstanding_txns %d\n",
+				__func__, target_proc->outstanding_txns);
+		if (!target_proc->outstanding_txns && target_proc->is_frozen)
+			wake_up_interruptible_all(&target_proc->freeze_wait);
+		if (t->buffer)
+			t->buffer->transaction = NULL;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+	}
+	if (trace_binder_txn_latency_free_enabled())
+		binder_txn_latency_free(t);
+	/*
+	 * If the transaction has no target_proc, then
+	 * t->buffer->transaction has already been cleared.
+	 */
+	binder_free_txn_fixups(t);
+	kfree(t);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION);
+}
+
+static void binder_send_failed_reply(struct binder_transaction *t,
+				     uint32_t error_code)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *target_thread;
+	struct binder_transaction *next;
+
+	BUG_ON(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY);
+	while (1) {
+		target_thread = binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner(t);
+		if (target_thread) {
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+				     "send failed reply for transaction %d to %d:%d\n",
+				      t->debug_id,
+				      target_thread->proc->pid,
+				      target_thread->pid);
+
+			binder_pop_transaction_ilocked(target_thread, t);
+			if (target_thread->reply_error.cmd == BR_OK) {
+				target_thread->reply_error.cmd = error_code;
+				binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(
+					target_thread,
+					&target_thread->reply_error.work);
+				wake_up_interruptible(&target_thread->wait);
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * Cannot get here for normal operation, but
+				 * we can if multiple synchronous transactions
+				 * are sent without blocking for responses.
+				 * Just ignore the 2nd error in this case.
+				 */
+				pr_warn("Unexpected reply error: %u\n",
+					target_thread->reply_error.cmd);
+			}
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_thread->proc);
+			binder_thread_dec_tmpref(target_thread);
+			binder_free_transaction(t);
+			return;
+		}
+		__release(&target_thread->proc->inner_lock);
+		next = t->from_parent;
+
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+			     "send failed reply for transaction %d, target dead\n",
+			     t->debug_id);
+
+		binder_free_transaction(t);
+		if (next == NULL) {
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+				     "reply failed, no target thread at root\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		t = next;
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+			     "reply failed, no target thread -- retry %d\n",
+			      t->debug_id);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_cleanup_transaction() - cleans up undelivered transaction
+ * @t:		transaction that needs to be cleaned up
+ * @reason:	reason the transaction wasn't delivered
+ * @error_code:	error to return to caller (if synchronous call)
+ */
+static void binder_cleanup_transaction(struct binder_transaction *t,
+				       const char *reason,
+				       uint32_t error_code)
+{
+	if (t->buffer->target_node && !(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY)) {
+		binder_send_failed_reply(t, error_code);
+	} else {
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+			"undelivered transaction %d, %s\n",
+			t->debug_id, reason);
+		binder_free_transaction(t);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_object() - gets object and checks for valid metadata
+ * @proc:	binder_proc owning the buffer
+ * @u:		sender's user pointer to base of buffer
+ * @buffer:	binder_buffer that we're parsing.
+ * @offset:	offset in the @buffer at which to validate an object.
+ * @object:	struct binder_object to read into
+ *
+ * Copy the binder object at the given offset into @object. If @u is
+ * provided then the copy is from the sender's buffer. If not, then
+ * it is copied from the target's @buffer.
+ *
+ * Return:	If there's a valid metadata object at @offset, the
+ *		size of that object. Otherwise, it returns zero. The object
+ *		is read into the struct binder_object pointed to by @object.
+ */
+static size_t binder_get_object(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				const void __user *u,
+				struct binder_buffer *buffer,
+				unsigned long offset,
+				struct binder_object *object)
+{
+	size_t read_size;
+	struct binder_object_header *hdr;
+	size_t object_size = 0;
+
+	read_size = min_t(size_t, sizeof(*object), buffer->data_size - offset);
+	if (offset > buffer->data_size || read_size < sizeof(*hdr))
+		return 0;
+	if (u) {
+		if (copy_from_user(object, u + offset, read_size))
+			return 0;
+	} else {
+		if (binder_alloc_copy_from_buffer(&proc->alloc, object, buffer,
+						  offset, read_size))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Ok, now see if we read a complete object. */
+	hdr = &object->hdr;
+	switch (hdr->type) {
+	case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
+	case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_BINDER:
+	case BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE:
+	case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_HANDLE:
+		object_size = sizeof(struct flat_binder_object);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_TYPE_FD:
+		object_size = sizeof(struct binder_fd_object);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_TYPE_PTR:
+		object_size = sizeof(struct binder_buffer_object);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_TYPE_FDA:
+		object_size = sizeof(struct binder_fd_array_object);
+		break;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (offset <= buffer->data_size - object_size &&
+	    buffer->data_size >= object_size)
+		return object_size;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_validate_ptr() - validates binder_buffer_object in a binder_buffer.
+ * @proc:	binder_proc owning the buffer
+ * @b:		binder_buffer containing the object
+ * @object:	struct binder_object to read into
+ * @index:	index in offset array at which the binder_buffer_object is
+ *		located
+ * @start_offset: points to the start of the offset array
+ * @object_offsetp: offset of @object read from @b
+ * @num_valid:	the number of valid offsets in the offset array
+ *
+ * Return:	If @index is within the valid range of the offset array
+ *		described by @start and @num_valid, and if there's a valid
+ *		binder_buffer_object at the offset found in index @index
+ *		of the offset array, that object is returned. Otherwise,
+ *		%NULL is returned.
+ *		Note that the offset found in index @index itself is not
+ *		verified; this function assumes that @num_valid elements
+ *		from @start were previously verified to have valid offsets.
+ *		If @object_offsetp is non-NULL, then the offset within
+ *		@b is written to it.
+ */
+static struct binder_buffer_object *binder_validate_ptr(
+						struct binder_proc *proc,
+						struct binder_buffer *b,
+						struct binder_object *object,
+						binder_size_t index,
+						binder_size_t start_offset,
+						binder_size_t *object_offsetp,
+						binder_size_t num_valid)
+{
+	size_t object_size;
+	binder_size_t object_offset;
+	unsigned long buffer_offset;
+
+	if (index >= num_valid)
+		return NULL;
+
+	buffer_offset = start_offset + sizeof(binder_size_t) * index;
+	if (binder_alloc_copy_from_buffer(&proc->alloc, &object_offset,
+					  b, buffer_offset,
+					  sizeof(object_offset)))
+		return NULL;
+	object_size = binder_get_object(proc, NULL, b, object_offset, object);
+	if (!object_size || object->hdr.type != BINDER_TYPE_PTR)
+		return NULL;
+	if (object_offsetp)
+		*object_offsetp = object_offset;
+
+	return &object->bbo;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_validate_fixup() - validates pointer/fd fixups happen in order.
+ * @proc:		binder_proc owning the buffer
+ * @b:			transaction buffer
+ * @objects_start_offset: offset to start of objects buffer
+ * @buffer_obj_offset:	offset to binder_buffer_object in which to fix up
+ * @fixup_offset:	start offset in @buffer to fix up
+ * @last_obj_offset:	offset to last binder_buffer_object that we fixed
+ * @last_min_offset:	minimum fixup offset in object at @last_obj_offset
+ *
+ * Return:		%true if a fixup in buffer @buffer at offset @offset is
+ *			allowed.
+ *
+ * For safety reasons, we only allow fixups inside a buffer to happen
+ * at increasing offsets; additionally, we only allow fixup on the last
+ * buffer object that was verified, or one of its parents.
+ *
+ * Example of what is allowed:
+ *
+ * A
+ *   B (parent = A, offset = 0)
+ *   C (parent = A, offset = 16)
+ *     D (parent = C, offset = 0)
+ *   E (parent = A, offset = 32) // min_offset is 16 (C.parent_offset)
+ *
+ * Examples of what is not allowed:
+ *
+ * Decreasing offsets within the same parent:
+ * A
+ *   C (parent = A, offset = 16)
+ *   B (parent = A, offset = 0) // decreasing offset within A
+ *
+ * Referring to a parent that wasn't the last object or any of its parents:
+ * A
+ *   B (parent = A, offset = 0)
+ *   C (parent = A, offset = 0)
+ *   C (parent = A, offset = 16)
+ *     D (parent = B, offset = 0) // B is not A or any of A's parents
+ */
+static bool binder_validate_fixup(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				  struct binder_buffer *b,
+				  binder_size_t objects_start_offset,
+				  binder_size_t buffer_obj_offset,
+				  binder_size_t fixup_offset,
+				  binder_size_t last_obj_offset,
+				  binder_size_t last_min_offset)
+{
+	if (!last_obj_offset) {
+		/* Nothing to fix up in */
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	while (last_obj_offset != buffer_obj_offset) {
+		unsigned long buffer_offset;
+		struct binder_object last_object;
+		struct binder_buffer_object *last_bbo;
+		size_t object_size = binder_get_object(proc, NULL, b,
+						       last_obj_offset,
+						       &last_object);
+		if (object_size != sizeof(*last_bbo))
+			return false;
+
+		last_bbo = &last_object.bbo;
+		/*
+		 * Safe to retrieve the parent of last_obj, since it
+		 * was already previously verified by the driver.
+		 */
+		if ((last_bbo->flags & BINDER_BUFFER_FLAG_HAS_PARENT) == 0)
+			return false;
+		last_min_offset = last_bbo->parent_offset + sizeof(uintptr_t);
+		buffer_offset = objects_start_offset +
+			sizeof(binder_size_t) * last_bbo->parent;
+		if (binder_alloc_copy_from_buffer(&proc->alloc,
+						  &last_obj_offset,
+						  b, buffer_offset,
+						  sizeof(last_obj_offset)))
+			return false;
+	}
+	return (fixup_offset >= last_min_offset);
+}
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_task_work_cb - for deferred close
+ *
+ * @twork:                callback_head for task work
+ * @fd:                   fd to close
+ *
+ * Structure to pass task work to be handled after
+ * returning from binder_ioctl() via task_work_add().
+ */
+struct binder_task_work_cb {
+	struct callback_head twork;
+	struct file *file;
+};
+
+/**
+ * binder_do_fd_close() - close list of file descriptors
+ * @twork:	callback head for task work
+ *
+ * It is not safe to call ksys_close() during the binder_ioctl()
+ * function if there is a chance that binder's own file descriptor
+ * might be closed. This is to meet the requirements for using
+ * fdget() (see comments for __fget_light()). Therefore use
+ * task_work_add() to schedule the close operation once we have
+ * returned from binder_ioctl(). This function is a callback
+ * for that mechanism and does the actual ksys_close() on the
+ * given file descriptor.
+ */
+static void binder_do_fd_close(struct callback_head *twork)
+{
+	struct binder_task_work_cb *twcb = container_of(twork,
+			struct binder_task_work_cb, twork);
+
+	fput(twcb->file);
+	kfree(twcb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_deferred_fd_close() - schedule a close for the given file-descriptor
+ * @fd:		file-descriptor to close
+ *
+ * See comments in binder_do_fd_close(). This function is used to schedule
+ * a file-descriptor to be closed after returning from binder_ioctl().
+ */
+static void binder_deferred_fd_close(int fd)
+{
+	struct binder_task_work_cb *twcb;
+
+	twcb = kzalloc(sizeof(*twcb), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!twcb)
+		return;
+	init_task_work(&twcb->twork, binder_do_fd_close);
+	twcb->file = close_fd_get_file(fd);
+	if (twcb->file) {
+		// pin it until binder_do_fd_close(); see comments there
+		get_file(twcb->file);
+		filp_close(twcb->file, current->files);
+		task_work_add(current, &twcb->twork, TWA_RESUME);
+	} else {
+		kfree(twcb);
+	}
+}
+
+static void binder_transaction_buffer_release(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					      struct binder_thread *thread,
+					      struct binder_buffer *buffer,
+					      binder_size_t off_end_offset,
+					      bool is_failure)
+{
+	int debug_id = buffer->debug_id;
+	binder_size_t off_start_offset, buffer_offset;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+		     "%d buffer release %d, size %zd-%zd, failed at %llx\n",
+		     proc->pid, buffer->debug_id,
+		     buffer->data_size, buffer->offsets_size,
+		     (unsigned long long)off_end_offset);
+
+	if (buffer->target_node)
+		binder_dec_node(buffer->target_node, 1, 0);
+
+	off_start_offset = ALIGN(buffer->data_size, sizeof(void *));
+
+	for (buffer_offset = off_start_offset; buffer_offset < off_end_offset;
+	     buffer_offset += sizeof(binder_size_t)) {
+		struct binder_object_header *hdr;
+		size_t object_size = 0;
+		struct binder_object object;
+		binder_size_t object_offset;
+
+		if (!binder_alloc_copy_from_buffer(&proc->alloc, &object_offset,
+						   buffer, buffer_offset,
+						   sizeof(object_offset)))
+			object_size = binder_get_object(proc, NULL, buffer,
+							object_offset, &object);
+		if (object_size == 0) {
+			pr_err("transaction release %d bad object at offset %lld, size %zd\n",
+			       debug_id, (u64)object_offset, buffer->data_size);
+			continue;
+		}
+		hdr = &object.hdr;
+		switch (hdr->type) {
+		case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
+		case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_BINDER: {
+			struct flat_binder_object *fp;
+			struct binder_node *node;
+
+			fp = to_flat_binder_object(hdr);
+			node = binder_get_node(proc, fp->binder);
+			if (node == NULL) {
+				pr_err("transaction release %d bad node %016llx\n",
+				       debug_id, (u64)fp->binder);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+				     "        node %d u%016llx\n",
+				     node->debug_id, (u64)node->ptr);
+			binder_dec_node(node, hdr->type == BINDER_TYPE_BINDER,
+					0);
+			binder_put_node(node);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE:
+		case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_HANDLE: {
+			struct flat_binder_object *fp;
+			struct binder_ref_data rdata;
+			int ret;
+
+			fp = to_flat_binder_object(hdr);
+			ret = binder_dec_ref_for_handle(proc, fp->handle,
+				hdr->type == BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE, &rdata);
+
+			if (ret) {
+				pr_err("transaction release %d bad handle %d, ret = %d\n",
+				 debug_id, fp->handle, ret);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+				     "        ref %d desc %d\n",
+				     rdata.debug_id, rdata.desc);
+		} break;
+
+		case BINDER_TYPE_FD: {
+			/*
+			 * No need to close the file here since user-space
+			 * closes it for successfully delivered
+			 * transactions. For transactions that weren't
+			 * delivered, the new fd was never allocated so
+			 * there is no need to close and the fput on the
+			 * file is done when the transaction is torn
+			 * down.
+			 */
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_PTR:
+			/*
+			 * Nothing to do here, this will get cleaned up when the
+			 * transaction buffer gets freed
+			 */
+			break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_FDA: {
+			struct binder_fd_array_object *fda;
+			struct binder_buffer_object *parent;
+			struct binder_object ptr_object;
+			binder_size_t fda_offset;
+			size_t fd_index;
+			binder_size_t fd_buf_size;
+			binder_size_t num_valid;
+
+			if (is_failure) {
+				/*
+				 * The fd fixups have not been applied so no
+				 * fds need to be closed.
+				 */
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			num_valid = (buffer_offset - off_start_offset) /
+						sizeof(binder_size_t);
+			fda = to_binder_fd_array_object(hdr);
+			parent = binder_validate_ptr(proc, buffer, &ptr_object,
+						     fda->parent,
+						     off_start_offset,
+						     NULL,
+						     num_valid);
+			if (!parent) {
+				pr_err("transaction release %d bad parent offset\n",
+				       debug_id);
+				continue;
+			}
+			fd_buf_size = sizeof(u32) * fda->num_fds;
+			if (fda->num_fds >= SIZE_MAX / sizeof(u32)) {
+				pr_err("transaction release %d invalid number of fds (%lld)\n",
+				       debug_id, (u64)fda->num_fds);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (fd_buf_size > parent->length ||
+			    fda->parent_offset > parent->length - fd_buf_size) {
+				/* No space for all file descriptors here. */
+				pr_err("transaction release %d not enough space for %lld fds in buffer\n",
+				       debug_id, (u64)fda->num_fds);
+				continue;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * the source data for binder_buffer_object is visible
+			 * to user-space and the @buffer element is the user
+			 * pointer to the buffer_object containing the fd_array.
+			 * Convert the address to an offset relative to
+			 * the base of the transaction buffer.
+			 */
+			fda_offset =
+			    (parent->buffer - (uintptr_t)buffer->user_data) +
+			    fda->parent_offset;
+			for (fd_index = 0; fd_index < fda->num_fds;
+			     fd_index++) {
+				u32 fd;
+				int err;
+				binder_size_t offset = fda_offset +
+					fd_index * sizeof(fd);
+
+				err = binder_alloc_copy_from_buffer(
+						&proc->alloc, &fd, buffer,
+						offset, sizeof(fd));
+				WARN_ON(err);
+				if (!err) {
+					binder_deferred_fd_close(fd);
+					/*
+					 * Need to make sure the thread goes
+					 * back to userspace to complete the
+					 * deferred close
+					 */
+					if (thread)
+						thread->looper_need_return = true;
+				}
+			}
+		} break;
+		default:
+			pr_err("transaction release %d bad object type %x\n",
+				debug_id, hdr->type);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/* Clean up all the objects in the buffer */
+static inline void binder_release_entire_buffer(struct binder_proc *proc,
+						struct binder_thread *thread,
+						struct binder_buffer *buffer,
+						bool is_failure)
+{
+	binder_size_t off_end_offset;
+
+	off_end_offset = ALIGN(buffer->data_size, sizeof(void *));
+	off_end_offset += buffer->offsets_size;
+
+	binder_transaction_buffer_release(proc, thread, buffer,
+					  off_end_offset, is_failure);
+}
+
+static int binder_translate_binder(struct flat_binder_object *fp,
+				   struct binder_transaction *t,
+				   struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+	struct binder_ref_data rdata;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	node = binder_get_node(proc, fp->binder);
+	if (!node) {
+		node = binder_new_node(proc, fp);
+		if (!node)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	if (fp->cookie != node->cookie) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d sending u%016llx node %d, cookie mismatch %016llx != %016llx\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)fp->binder,
+				  node->debug_id, (u64)fp->cookie,
+				  (u64)node->cookie);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (security_binder_transfer_binder(proc->cred, target_proc->cred)) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	ret = binder_inc_ref_for_node(target_proc, node,
+			fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_BINDER,
+			&thread->todo, &rdata);
+	if (ret)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_BINDER)
+		fp->hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE;
+	else
+		fp->hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_HANDLE;
+	fp->binder = 0;
+	fp->handle = rdata.desc;
+	fp->cookie = 0;
+
+	trace_binder_transaction_node_to_ref(t, node, &rdata);
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+		     "        node %d u%016llx -> ref %d desc %d\n",
+		     node->debug_id, (u64)node->ptr,
+		     rdata.debug_id, rdata.desc);
+done:
+	binder_put_node(node);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_translate_handle(struct flat_binder_object *fp,
+				   struct binder_transaction *t,
+				   struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_ref_data src_rdata;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	node = binder_get_node_from_ref(proc, fp->handle,
+			fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE, &src_rdata);
+	if (!node) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid handle, %d\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, fp->handle);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (security_binder_transfer_binder(proc->cred, target_proc->cred)) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	if (node->proc == target_proc) {
+		if (fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE)
+			fp->hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_BINDER;
+		else
+			fp->hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_BINDER;
+		fp->binder = node->ptr;
+		fp->cookie = node->cookie;
+		if (node->proc)
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(node->proc);
+		else
+			__acquire(&node->proc->inner_lock);
+		binder_inc_node_nilocked(node,
+					 fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_BINDER,
+					 0, NULL);
+		if (node->proc)
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(node->proc);
+		else
+			__release(&node->proc->inner_lock);
+		trace_binder_transaction_ref_to_node(t, node, &src_rdata);
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "        ref %d desc %d -> node %d u%016llx\n",
+			     src_rdata.debug_id, src_rdata.desc, node->debug_id,
+			     (u64)node->ptr);
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+	} else {
+		struct binder_ref_data dest_rdata;
+
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+		ret = binder_inc_ref_for_node(target_proc, node,
+				fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE,
+				NULL, &dest_rdata);
+		if (ret)
+			goto done;
+
+		fp->binder = 0;
+		fp->handle = dest_rdata.desc;
+		fp->cookie = 0;
+		trace_binder_transaction_ref_to_ref(t, node, &src_rdata,
+						    &dest_rdata);
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "        ref %d desc %d -> ref %d desc %d (node %d)\n",
+			     src_rdata.debug_id, src_rdata.desc,
+			     dest_rdata.debug_id, dest_rdata.desc,
+			     node->debug_id);
+	}
+done:
+	binder_put_node(node);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_translate_fd(u32 fd, binder_size_t fd_offset,
+			       struct binder_transaction *t,
+			       struct binder_thread *thread,
+			       struct binder_transaction *in_reply_to)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+	struct binder_txn_fd_fixup *fixup;
+	struct file *file;
+	int ret = 0;
+	bool target_allows_fd;
+
+	if (in_reply_to)
+		target_allows_fd = !!(in_reply_to->flags & TF_ACCEPT_FDS);
+	else
+		target_allows_fd = t->buffer->target_node->accept_fds;
+	if (!target_allows_fd) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got %s with fd, %d, but target does not allow fds\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				  in_reply_to ? "reply" : "transaction",
+				  fd);
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto err_fd_not_accepted;
+	}
+
+	file = fget(fd);
+	if (!file) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid fd, %d\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, fd);
+		ret = -EBADF;
+		goto err_fget;
+	}
+	ret = security_binder_transfer_file(proc->cred, target_proc->cred, file);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto err_security;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Add fixup record for this transaction. The allocation
+	 * of the fd in the target needs to be done from a
+	 * target thread.
+	 */
+	fixup = kzalloc(sizeof(*fixup), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!fixup) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto err_alloc;
+	}
+	fixup->file = file;
+	fixup->offset = fd_offset;
+	fixup->target_fd = -1;
+	trace_binder_transaction_fd_send(t, fd, fixup->offset);
+	list_add_tail(&fixup->fixup_entry, &t->fd_fixups);
+
+	return ret;
+
+err_alloc:
+err_security:
+	fput(file);
+err_fget:
+err_fd_not_accepted:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_ptr_fixup - data to be fixed-up in target buffer
+ * @offset	offset in target buffer to fixup
+ * @skip_size	bytes to skip in copy (fixup will be written later)
+ * @fixup_data	data to write at fixup offset
+ * @node	list node
+ *
+ * This is used for the pointer fixup list (pf) which is created and consumed
+ * during binder_transaction() and is only accessed locally. No
+ * locking is necessary.
+ *
+ * The list is ordered by @offset.
+ */
+struct binder_ptr_fixup {
+	binder_size_t offset;
+	size_t skip_size;
+	binder_uintptr_t fixup_data;
+	struct list_head node;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_sg_copy - scatter-gather data to be copied
+ * @offset		offset in target buffer
+ * @sender_uaddr	user address in source buffer
+ * @length		bytes to copy
+ * @node		list node
+ *
+ * This is used for the sg copy list (sgc) which is created and consumed
+ * during binder_transaction() and is only accessed locally. No
+ * locking is necessary.
+ *
+ * The list is ordered by @offset.
+ */
+struct binder_sg_copy {
+	binder_size_t offset;
+	const void __user *sender_uaddr;
+	size_t length;
+	struct list_head node;
+};
+
+/**
+ * binder_do_deferred_txn_copies() - copy and fixup scatter-gather data
+ * @alloc:	binder_alloc associated with @buffer
+ * @buffer:	binder buffer in target process
+ * @sgc_head:	list_head of scatter-gather copy list
+ * @pf_head:	list_head of pointer fixup list
+ *
+ * Processes all elements of @sgc_head, applying fixups from @pf_head
+ * and copying the scatter-gather data from the source process' user
+ * buffer to the target's buffer. It is expected that the list creation
+ * and processing all occurs during binder_transaction() so these lists
+ * are only accessed in local context.
+ *
+ * Return: 0=success, else -errno
+ */
+static int binder_do_deferred_txn_copies(struct binder_alloc *alloc,
+					 struct binder_buffer *buffer,
+					 struct list_head *sgc_head,
+					 struct list_head *pf_head)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct binder_sg_copy *sgc, *tmpsgc;
+	struct binder_ptr_fixup *tmppf;
+	struct binder_ptr_fixup *pf =
+		list_first_entry_or_null(pf_head, struct binder_ptr_fixup,
+					 node);
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(sgc, tmpsgc, sgc_head, node) {
+		size_t bytes_copied = 0;
+
+		while (bytes_copied < sgc->length) {
+			size_t copy_size;
+			size_t bytes_left = sgc->length - bytes_copied;
+			size_t offset = sgc->offset + bytes_copied;
+
+			/*
+			 * We copy up to the fixup (pointed to by pf)
+			 */
+			copy_size = pf ? min(bytes_left, (size_t)pf->offset - offset)
+				       : bytes_left;
+			if (!ret && copy_size)
+				ret = binder_alloc_copy_user_to_buffer(
+						alloc, buffer,
+						offset,
+						sgc->sender_uaddr + bytes_copied,
+						copy_size);
+			bytes_copied += copy_size;
+			if (copy_size != bytes_left) {
+				BUG_ON(!pf);
+				/* we stopped at a fixup offset */
+				if (pf->skip_size) {
+					/*
+					 * we are just skipping. This is for
+					 * BINDER_TYPE_FDA where the translated
+					 * fds will be fixed up when we get
+					 * to target context.
+					 */
+					bytes_copied += pf->skip_size;
+				} else {
+					/* apply the fixup indicated by pf */
+					if (!ret)
+						ret = binder_alloc_copy_to_buffer(
+							alloc, buffer,
+							pf->offset,
+							&pf->fixup_data,
+							sizeof(pf->fixup_data));
+					bytes_copied += sizeof(pf->fixup_data);
+				}
+				list_del(&pf->node);
+				kfree(pf);
+				pf = list_first_entry_or_null(pf_head,
+						struct binder_ptr_fixup, node);
+			}
+		}
+		list_del(&sgc->node);
+		kfree(sgc);
+	}
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(pf, tmppf, pf_head, node) {
+		BUG_ON(pf->skip_size == 0);
+		list_del(&pf->node);
+		kfree(pf);
+	}
+	BUG_ON(!list_empty(sgc_head));
+
+	return ret > 0 ? -EINVAL : ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_cleanup_deferred_txn_lists() - free specified lists
+ * @sgc_head:	list_head of scatter-gather copy list
+ * @pf_head:	list_head of pointer fixup list
+ *
+ * Called to clean up @sgc_head and @pf_head if there is an
+ * error.
+ */
+static void binder_cleanup_deferred_txn_lists(struct list_head *sgc_head,
+					      struct list_head *pf_head)
+{
+	struct binder_sg_copy *sgc, *tmpsgc;
+	struct binder_ptr_fixup *pf, *tmppf;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(sgc, tmpsgc, sgc_head, node) {
+		list_del(&sgc->node);
+		kfree(sgc);
+	}
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(pf, tmppf, pf_head, node) {
+		list_del(&pf->node);
+		kfree(pf);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_defer_copy() - queue a scatter-gather buffer for copy
+ * @sgc_head:		list_head of scatter-gather copy list
+ * @offset:		binder buffer offset in target process
+ * @sender_uaddr:	user address in source process
+ * @length:		bytes to copy
+ *
+ * Specify a scatter-gather block to be copied. The actual copy must
+ * be deferred until all the needed fixups are identified and queued.
+ * Then the copy and fixups are done together so un-translated values
+ * from the source are never visible in the target buffer.
+ *
+ * We are guaranteed that repeated calls to this function will have
+ * monotonically increasing @offset values so the list will naturally
+ * be ordered.
+ *
+ * Return: 0=success, else -errno
+ */
+static int binder_defer_copy(struct list_head *sgc_head, binder_size_t offset,
+			     const void __user *sender_uaddr, size_t length)
+{
+	struct binder_sg_copy *bc = kzalloc(sizeof(*bc), GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	if (!bc)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	bc->offset = offset;
+	bc->sender_uaddr = sender_uaddr;
+	bc->length = length;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bc->node);
+
+	/*
+	 * We are guaranteed that the deferred copies are in-order
+	 * so just add to the tail.
+	 */
+	list_add_tail(&bc->node, sgc_head);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_add_fixup() - queue a fixup to be applied to sg copy
+ * @pf_head:	list_head of binder ptr fixup list
+ * @offset:	binder buffer offset in target process
+ * @fixup:	bytes to be copied for fixup
+ * @skip_size:	bytes to skip when copying (fixup will be applied later)
+ *
+ * Add the specified fixup to a list ordered by @offset. When copying
+ * the scatter-gather buffers, the fixup will be copied instead of
+ * data from the source buffer. For BINDER_TYPE_FDA fixups, the fixup
+ * will be applied later (in target process context), so we just skip
+ * the bytes specified by @skip_size. If @skip_size is 0, we copy the
+ * value in @fixup.
+ *
+ * This function is called *mostly* in @offset order, but there are
+ * exceptions. Since out-of-order inserts are relatively uncommon,
+ * we insert the new element by searching backward from the tail of
+ * the list.
+ *
+ * Return: 0=success, else -errno
+ */
+static int binder_add_fixup(struct list_head *pf_head, binder_size_t offset,
+			    binder_uintptr_t fixup, size_t skip_size)
+{
+	struct binder_ptr_fixup *pf = kzalloc(sizeof(*pf), GFP_KERNEL);
+	struct binder_ptr_fixup *tmppf;
+
+	if (!pf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	pf->offset = offset;
+	pf->fixup_data = fixup;
+	pf->skip_size = skip_size;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pf->node);
+
+	/* Fixups are *mostly* added in-order, but there are some
+	 * exceptions. Look backwards through list for insertion point.
+	 */
+	list_for_each_entry_reverse(tmppf, pf_head, node) {
+		if (tmppf->offset < pf->offset) {
+			list_add(&pf->node, &tmppf->node);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	/*
+	 * if we get here, then the new offset is the lowest so
+	 * insert at the head
+	 */
+	list_add(&pf->node, pf_head);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_translate_fd_array(struct list_head *pf_head,
+				     struct binder_fd_array_object *fda,
+				     const void __user *sender_ubuffer,
+				     struct binder_buffer_object *parent,
+				     struct binder_buffer_object *sender_uparent,
+				     struct binder_transaction *t,
+				     struct binder_thread *thread,
+				     struct binder_transaction *in_reply_to)
+{
+	binder_size_t fdi, fd_buf_size;
+	binder_size_t fda_offset;
+	const void __user *sender_ufda_base;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (fda->num_fds == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	fd_buf_size = sizeof(u32) * fda->num_fds;
+	if (fda->num_fds >= SIZE_MAX / sizeof(u32)) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid number of fds (%lld)\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)fda->num_fds);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (fd_buf_size > parent->length ||
+	    fda->parent_offset > parent->length - fd_buf_size) {
+		/* No space for all file descriptors here. */
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d not enough space to store %lld fds in buffer\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)fda->num_fds);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * the source data for binder_buffer_object is visible
+	 * to user-space and the @buffer element is the user
+	 * pointer to the buffer_object containing the fd_array.
+	 * Convert the address to an offset relative to
+	 * the base of the transaction buffer.
+	 */
+	fda_offset = (parent->buffer - (uintptr_t)t->buffer->user_data) +
+		fda->parent_offset;
+	sender_ufda_base = (void __user *)(uintptr_t)sender_uparent->buffer +
+				fda->parent_offset;
+
+	if (!IS_ALIGNED((unsigned long)fda_offset, sizeof(u32)) ||
+	    !IS_ALIGNED((unsigned long)sender_ufda_base, sizeof(u32))) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d parent offset not aligned correctly.\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	ret = binder_add_fixup(pf_head, fda_offset, 0, fda->num_fds * sizeof(u32));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	for (fdi = 0; fdi < fda->num_fds; fdi++) {
+		u32 fd;
+		binder_size_t offset = fda_offset + fdi * sizeof(fd);
+		binder_size_t sender_uoffset = fdi * sizeof(fd);
+
+		ret = copy_from_user(&fd, sender_ufda_base + sender_uoffset, sizeof(fd));
+		if (!ret)
+			ret = binder_translate_fd(fd, offset, t, thread,
+						  in_reply_to);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret > 0 ? -EINVAL : ret;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_fixup_parent(struct list_head *pf_head,
+			       struct binder_transaction *t,
+			       struct binder_thread *thread,
+			       struct binder_buffer_object *bp,
+			       binder_size_t off_start_offset,
+			       binder_size_t num_valid,
+			       binder_size_t last_fixup_obj_off,
+			       binder_size_t last_fixup_min_off)
+{
+	struct binder_buffer_object *parent;
+	struct binder_buffer *b = t->buffer;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+	struct binder_object object;
+	binder_size_t buffer_offset;
+	binder_size_t parent_offset;
+
+	if (!(bp->flags & BINDER_BUFFER_FLAG_HAS_PARENT))
+		return 0;
+
+	parent = binder_validate_ptr(target_proc, b, &object, bp->parent,
+				     off_start_offset, &parent_offset,
+				     num_valid);
+	if (!parent) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid parent offset or type\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (!binder_validate_fixup(target_proc, b, off_start_offset,
+				   parent_offset, bp->parent_offset,
+				   last_fixup_obj_off,
+				   last_fixup_min_off)) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with out-of-order buffer fixup\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (parent->length < sizeof(binder_uintptr_t) ||
+	    bp->parent_offset > parent->length - sizeof(binder_uintptr_t)) {
+		/* No space for a pointer here! */
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid parent offset\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	buffer_offset = bp->parent_offset +
+			(uintptr_t)parent->buffer - (uintptr_t)b->user_data;
+	return binder_add_fixup(pf_head, buffer_offset, bp->buffer, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_can_update_transaction() - Can a txn be superseded by an updated one?
+ * @t1: the pending async txn in the frozen process
+ * @t2: the new async txn to supersede the outdated pending one
+ *
+ * Return:  true if t2 can supersede t1
+ *          false if t2 can not supersede t1
+ */
+static bool binder_can_update_transaction(struct binder_transaction *t1,
+					  struct binder_transaction *t2)
+{
+	if ((t1->flags & t2->flags & (TF_ONE_WAY | TF_UPDATE_TXN)) !=
+	    (TF_ONE_WAY | TF_UPDATE_TXN) || !t1->to_proc || !t2->to_proc)
+		return false;
+	if (t1->to_proc->tsk == t2->to_proc->tsk && t1->code == t2->code &&
+	    t1->flags == t2->flags && t1->buffer->pid == t2->buffer->pid &&
+	    t1->buffer->target_node->ptr == t2->buffer->target_node->ptr &&
+	    t1->buffer->target_node->cookie == t2->buffer->target_node->cookie)
+		return true;
+	return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_find_outdated_transaction_ilocked() - Find the outdated transaction
+ * @t:		 new async transaction
+ * @target_list: list to find outdated transaction
+ *
+ * Return: the outdated transaction if found
+ *         NULL if no outdated transacton can be found
+ *
+ * Requires the proc->inner_lock to be held.
+ */
+static struct binder_transaction *
+binder_find_outdated_transaction_ilocked(struct binder_transaction *t,
+					 struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(w, target_list, entry) {
+		struct binder_transaction *t_queued;
+
+		if (w->type != BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION)
+			continue;
+		t_queued = container_of(w, struct binder_transaction, work);
+		if (binder_can_update_transaction(t_queued, t))
+			return t_queued;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_proc_transaction() - sends a transaction to a process and wakes it up
+ * @t:		transaction to send
+ * @proc:	process to send the transaction to
+ * @thread:	thread in @proc to send the transaction to (may be NULL)
+ *
+ * This function queues a transaction to the specified process. It will try
+ * to find a thread in the target process to handle the transaction and
+ * wake it up. If no thread is found, the work is queued to the proc
+ * waitqueue.
+ *
+ * If the @thread parameter is not NULL, the transaction is always queued
+ * to the waitlist of that specific thread.
+ *
+ * Return:	0 if the transaction was successfully queued
+ *		BR_DEAD_REPLY if the target process or thread is dead
+ *		BR_FROZEN_REPLY if the target process or thread is frozen
+ */
+static int binder_proc_transaction(struct binder_transaction *t,
+				    struct binder_proc *proc,
+				    struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node = t->buffer->target_node;
+	bool oneway = !!(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY);
+	bool pending_async = false;
+	struct binder_transaction *t_outdated = NULL;
+
+	BUG_ON(!node);
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	if (oneway) {
+		BUG_ON(thread);
+		if (node->has_async_transaction)
+			pending_async = true;
+		else
+			node->has_async_transaction = true;
+	}
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	if (proc->is_frozen) {
+		proc->sync_recv |= !oneway;
+		proc->async_recv |= oneway;
+	}
+
+	if ((proc->is_frozen && !oneway) || proc->is_dead ||
+			(thread && thread->is_dead)) {
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+		return proc->is_frozen ? BR_FROZEN_REPLY : BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+	}
+
+	if (!thread && !pending_async)
+		thread = binder_select_thread_ilocked(proc);
+
+	if (thread) {
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(thread, &t->work);
+	} else if (!pending_async) {
+		binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&t->work, &proc->todo);
+	} else {
+		if ((t->flags & TF_UPDATE_TXN) && proc->is_frozen) {
+			t_outdated = binder_find_outdated_transaction_ilocked(t,
+									      &node->async_todo);
+			if (t_outdated) {
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+					     "txn %d supersedes %d\n",
+					     t->debug_id, t_outdated->debug_id);
+				list_del_init(&t_outdated->work.entry);
+				proc->outstanding_txns--;
+			}
+		}
+		binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&t->work, &node->async_todo);
+	}
+
+	if (!pending_async)
+		binder_wakeup_thread_ilocked(proc, thread, !oneway /* sync */);
+
+	proc->outstanding_txns++;
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	binder_node_unlock(node);
+
+	/*
+	 * To reduce potential contention, free the outdated transaction and
+	 * buffer after releasing the locks.
+	 */
+	if (t_outdated) {
+		struct binder_buffer *buffer = t_outdated->buffer;
+
+		t_outdated->buffer = NULL;
+		buffer->transaction = NULL;
+		trace_binder_transaction_update_buffer_release(buffer);
+		binder_release_entire_buffer(proc, NULL, buffer, false);
+		binder_alloc_free_buf(&proc->alloc, buffer);
+		kfree(t_outdated);
+		binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_node_refs_for_txn() - Get required refs on node for txn
+ * @node:         struct binder_node for which to get refs
+ * @proc:         returns @node->proc if valid
+ * @error:        if no @proc then returns BR_DEAD_REPLY
+ *
+ * User-space normally keeps the node alive when creating a transaction
+ * since it has a reference to the target. The local strong ref keeps it
+ * alive if the sending process dies before the target process processes
+ * the transaction. If the source process is malicious or has a reference
+ * counting bug, relying on the local strong ref can fail.
+ *
+ * Since user-space can cause the local strong ref to go away, we also take
+ * a tmpref on the node to ensure it survives while we are constructing
+ * the transaction. We also need a tmpref on the proc while we are
+ * constructing the transaction, so we take that here as well.
+ *
+ * Return: The target_node with refs taken or NULL if no @node->proc is NULL.
+ * Also sets @proc if valid. If the @node->proc is NULL indicating that the
+ * target proc has died, @error is set to BR_DEAD_REPLY
+ */
+static struct binder_node *binder_get_node_refs_for_txn(
+		struct binder_node *node,
+		struct binder_proc **procp,
+		uint32_t *error)
+{
+	struct binder_node *target_node = NULL;
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+	if (node->proc) {
+		target_node = node;
+		binder_inc_node_nilocked(node, 1, 0, NULL);
+		binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+		node->proc->tmp_ref++;
+		*procp = node->proc;
+	} else
+		*error = BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+
+	return target_node;
+}
+
+static void binder_set_txn_from_error(struct binder_transaction *t, int id,
+				      uint32_t command, int32_t param)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *from = binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner(t);
+
+	if (!from) {
+		/* annotation for sparse */
+		__release(&from->proc->inner_lock);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* don't override existing errors */
+	if (from->ee.command == BR_OK)
+		binder_set_extended_error(&from->ee, id, command, param);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(from->proc);
+	binder_thread_dec_tmpref(from);
+}
+
+static void binder_transaction(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			       struct binder_thread *thread,
+			       struct binder_transaction_data *tr, int reply,
+			       binder_size_t extra_buffers_size)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct binder_transaction *t;
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	struct binder_work *tcomplete;
+	binder_size_t buffer_offset = 0;
+	binder_size_t off_start_offset, off_end_offset;
+	binder_size_t off_min;
+	binder_size_t sg_buf_offset, sg_buf_end_offset;
+	binder_size_t user_offset = 0;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = NULL;
+	struct binder_thread *target_thread = NULL;
+	struct binder_node *target_node = NULL;
+	struct binder_transaction *in_reply_to = NULL;
+	struct binder_transaction_log_entry *e;
+	uint32_t return_error = 0;
+	uint32_t return_error_param = 0;
+	uint32_t return_error_line = 0;
+	binder_size_t last_fixup_obj_off = 0;
+	binder_size_t last_fixup_min_off = 0;
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	int t_debug_id = atomic_inc_return(&binder_last_id);
+	char *secctx = NULL;
+	u32 secctx_sz = 0;
+	struct list_head sgc_head;
+	struct list_head pf_head;
+	const void __user *user_buffer = (const void __user *)
+				(uintptr_t)tr->data.ptr.buffer;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sgc_head);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pf_head);
+
+	e = binder_transaction_log_add(&binder_transaction_log);
+	e->debug_id = t_debug_id;
+	e->call_type = reply ? 2 : !!(tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY);
+	e->from_proc = proc->pid;
+	e->from_thread = thread->pid;
+	e->target_handle = tr->target.handle;
+	e->data_size = tr->data_size;
+	e->offsets_size = tr->offsets_size;
+	strscpy(e->context_name, proc->context->name, BINDERFS_MAX_NAME);
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	binder_set_extended_error(&thread->ee, t_debug_id, BR_OK, 0);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	if (reply) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		in_reply_to = thread->transaction_stack;
+		if (in_reply_to == NULL) {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got reply transaction with no transaction stack\n",
+					  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_empty_call_stack;
+		}
+		if (in_reply_to->to_thread != thread) {
+			spin_lock(&in_reply_to->lock);
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got reply transaction with bad transaction stack, transaction %d has target %d:%d\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid, in_reply_to->debug_id,
+				in_reply_to->to_proc ?
+				in_reply_to->to_proc->pid : 0,
+				in_reply_to->to_thread ?
+				in_reply_to->to_thread->pid : 0);
+			spin_unlock(&in_reply_to->lock);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			in_reply_to = NULL;
+			goto err_bad_call_stack;
+		}
+		thread->transaction_stack = in_reply_to->to_parent;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_set_nice(in_reply_to->saved_priority);
+		target_thread = binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner(in_reply_to);
+		if (target_thread == NULL) {
+			/* annotation for sparse */
+			__release(&target_thread->proc->inner_lock);
+			binder_txn_error("%d:%d reply target not found\n",
+				thread->pid, proc->pid);
+			return_error = BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_dead_binder;
+		}
+		if (target_thread->transaction_stack != in_reply_to) {
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got reply transaction with bad target transaction stack %d, expected %d\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				target_thread->transaction_stack ?
+				target_thread->transaction_stack->debug_id : 0,
+				in_reply_to->debug_id);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_thread->proc);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			in_reply_to = NULL;
+			target_thread = NULL;
+			goto err_dead_binder;
+		}
+		target_proc = target_thread->proc;
+		target_proc->tmp_ref++;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_thread->proc);
+	} else {
+		if (tr->target.handle) {
+			struct binder_ref *ref;
+
+			/*
+			 * There must already be a strong ref
+			 * on this node. If so, do a strong
+			 * increment on the node to ensure it
+			 * stays alive until the transaction is
+			 * done.
+			 */
+			binder_proc_lock(proc);
+			ref = binder_get_ref_olocked(proc, tr->target.handle,
+						     true);
+			if (ref) {
+				target_node = binder_get_node_refs_for_txn(
+						ref->node, &target_proc,
+						&return_error);
+			} else {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction to invalid handle, %u\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid, tr->target.handle);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			}
+			binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+		} else {
+			mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+			target_node = context->binder_context_mgr_node;
+			if (target_node)
+				target_node = binder_get_node_refs_for_txn(
+						target_node, &target_proc,
+						&return_error);
+			else
+				return_error = BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+			mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+			if (target_node && target_proc->pid == proc->pid) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction to context manager from process owning it\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_invalid_target_handle;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!target_node) {
+			binder_txn_error("%d:%d cannot find target node\n",
+				thread->pid, proc->pid);
+			/*
+			 * return_error is set above
+			 */
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_dead_binder;
+		}
+		e->to_node = target_node->debug_id;
+		if (WARN_ON(proc == target_proc)) {
+			binder_txn_error("%d:%d self transactions not allowed\n",
+				thread->pid, proc->pid);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_invalid_target_handle;
+		}
+		if (security_binder_transaction(proc->cred,
+						target_proc->cred) < 0) {
+			binder_txn_error("%d:%d transaction credentials failed\n",
+				thread->pid, proc->pid);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPERM;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_invalid_target_handle;
+		}
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+
+		w = list_first_entry_or_null(&thread->todo,
+					     struct binder_work, entry);
+		if (!(tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY) && w &&
+		    w->type == BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION) {
+			/*
+			 * Do not allow new outgoing transaction from a
+			 * thread that has a transaction at the head of
+			 * its todo list. Only need to check the head
+			 * because binder_select_thread_ilocked picks a
+			 * thread from proc->waiting_threads to enqueue
+			 * the transaction, and nothing is queued to the
+			 * todo list while the thread is on waiting_threads.
+			 */
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d new transaction not allowed when there is a transaction on thread todo\n",
+					  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_bad_todo_list;
+		}
+
+		if (!(tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY) && thread->transaction_stack) {
+			struct binder_transaction *tmp;
+
+			tmp = thread->transaction_stack;
+			if (tmp->to_thread != thread) {
+				spin_lock(&tmp->lock);
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got new transaction with bad transaction stack, transaction %d has target %d:%d\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid, tmp->debug_id,
+					tmp->to_proc ? tmp->to_proc->pid : 0,
+					tmp->to_thread ?
+					tmp->to_thread->pid : 0);
+				spin_unlock(&tmp->lock);
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_call_stack;
+			}
+			while (tmp) {
+				struct binder_thread *from;
+
+				spin_lock(&tmp->lock);
+				from = tmp->from;
+				if (from && from->proc == target_proc) {
+					atomic_inc(&from->tmp_ref);
+					target_thread = from;
+					spin_unlock(&tmp->lock);
+					break;
+				}
+				spin_unlock(&tmp->lock);
+				tmp = tmp->from_parent;
+			}
+		}
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	}
+	if (target_thread)
+		e->to_thread = target_thread->pid;
+	e->to_proc = target_proc->pid;
+
+	/* TODO: reuse incoming transaction for reply */
+	t = kzalloc(sizeof(*t), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (t == NULL) {
+		binder_txn_error("%d:%d cannot allocate transaction\n",
+			thread->pid, proc->pid);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -ENOMEM;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_alloc_t_failed;
+	}
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&t->fd_fixups);
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION);
+	spin_lock_init(&t->lock);
+
+	tcomplete = kzalloc(sizeof(*tcomplete), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (tcomplete == NULL) {
+		binder_txn_error("%d:%d cannot allocate work for transaction\n",
+			thread->pid, proc->pid);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -ENOMEM;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_alloc_tcomplete_failed;
+	}
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE);
+
+	t->debug_id = t_debug_id;
+
+	if (reply)
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "%d:%d BC_REPLY %d -> %d:%d, data %016llx-%016llx size %lld-%lld-%lld\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid, t->debug_id,
+			     target_proc->pid, target_thread->pid,
+			     (u64)tr->data.ptr.buffer,
+			     (u64)tr->data.ptr.offsets,
+			     (u64)tr->data_size, (u64)tr->offsets_size,
+			     (u64)extra_buffers_size);
+	else
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "%d:%d BC_TRANSACTION %d -> %d - node %d, data %016llx-%016llx size %lld-%lld-%lld\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid, t->debug_id,
+			     target_proc->pid, target_node->debug_id,
+			     (u64)tr->data.ptr.buffer,
+			     (u64)tr->data.ptr.offsets,
+			     (u64)tr->data_size, (u64)tr->offsets_size,
+			     (u64)extra_buffers_size);
+
+	if (!reply && !(tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY))
+		t->from = thread;
+	else
+		t->from = NULL;
+	t->sender_euid = task_euid(proc->tsk);
+	t->to_proc = target_proc;
+	t->to_thread = target_thread;
+	t->code = tr->code;
+	t->flags = tr->flags;
+	t->priority = task_nice(current);
+
+	if (target_node && target_node->txn_security_ctx) {
+		u32 secid;
+		size_t added_size;
+
+		security_cred_getsecid(proc->cred, &secid);
+		ret = security_secid_to_secctx(secid, &secctx, &secctx_sz);
+		if (ret) {
+			binder_txn_error("%d:%d failed to get security context\n",
+				thread->pid, proc->pid);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = ret;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_get_secctx_failed;
+		}
+		added_size = ALIGN(secctx_sz, sizeof(u64));
+		extra_buffers_size += added_size;
+		if (extra_buffers_size < added_size) {
+			binder_txn_error("%d:%d integer overflow of extra_buffers_size\n",
+				thread->pid, proc->pid);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_bad_extra_size;
+		}
+	}
+
+	trace_binder_transaction(reply, t, target_node);
+
+	t->buffer = binder_alloc_new_buf(&target_proc->alloc, tr->data_size,
+		tr->offsets_size, extra_buffers_size,
+		!reply && (t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY), current->tgid);
+	if (IS_ERR(t->buffer)) {
+		char *s;
+
+		ret = PTR_ERR(t->buffer);
+		s = (ret == -ESRCH) ? ": vma cleared, target dead or dying"
+			: (ret == -ENOSPC) ? ": no space left"
+			: (ret == -ENOMEM) ? ": memory allocation failed"
+			: "";
+		binder_txn_error("cannot allocate buffer%s", s);
+
+		return_error_param = PTR_ERR(t->buffer);
+		return_error = return_error_param == -ESRCH ?
+			BR_DEAD_REPLY : BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		t->buffer = NULL;
+		goto err_binder_alloc_buf_failed;
+	}
+	if (secctx) {
+		int err;
+		size_t buf_offset = ALIGN(tr->data_size, sizeof(void *)) +
+				    ALIGN(tr->offsets_size, sizeof(void *)) +
+				    ALIGN(extra_buffers_size, sizeof(void *)) -
+				    ALIGN(secctx_sz, sizeof(u64));
+
+		t->security_ctx = (uintptr_t)t->buffer->user_data + buf_offset;
+		err = binder_alloc_copy_to_buffer(&target_proc->alloc,
+						  t->buffer, buf_offset,
+						  secctx, secctx_sz);
+		if (err) {
+			t->security_ctx = 0;
+			WARN_ON(1);
+		}
+		security_release_secctx(secctx, secctx_sz);
+		secctx = NULL;
+	}
+	t->buffer->debug_id = t->debug_id;
+	t->buffer->transaction = t;
+	t->buffer->target_node = target_node;
+	t->buffer->clear_on_free = !!(t->flags & TF_CLEAR_BUF);
+	trace_binder_transaction_alloc_buf(t->buffer);
+
+	if (binder_alloc_copy_user_to_buffer(
+				&target_proc->alloc,
+				t->buffer,
+				ALIGN(tr->data_size, sizeof(void *)),
+				(const void __user *)
+					(uintptr_t)tr->data.ptr.offsets,
+				tr->offsets_size)) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid offsets ptr\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -EFAULT;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_copy_data_failed;
+	}
+	if (!IS_ALIGNED(tr->offsets_size, sizeof(binder_size_t))) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid offsets size, %lld\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)tr->offsets_size);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_bad_offset;
+	}
+	if (!IS_ALIGNED(extra_buffers_size, sizeof(u64))) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with unaligned buffers size, %lld\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				  (u64)extra_buffers_size);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_bad_offset;
+	}
+	off_start_offset = ALIGN(tr->data_size, sizeof(void *));
+	buffer_offset = off_start_offset;
+	off_end_offset = off_start_offset + tr->offsets_size;
+	sg_buf_offset = ALIGN(off_end_offset, sizeof(void *));
+	sg_buf_end_offset = sg_buf_offset + extra_buffers_size -
+		ALIGN(secctx_sz, sizeof(u64));
+	off_min = 0;
+	for (buffer_offset = off_start_offset; buffer_offset < off_end_offset;
+	     buffer_offset += sizeof(binder_size_t)) {
+		struct binder_object_header *hdr;
+		size_t object_size;
+		struct binder_object object;
+		binder_size_t object_offset;
+		binder_size_t copy_size;
+
+		if (binder_alloc_copy_from_buffer(&target_proc->alloc,
+						  &object_offset,
+						  t->buffer,
+						  buffer_offset,
+						  sizeof(object_offset))) {
+			binder_txn_error("%d:%d copy offset from buffer failed\n",
+				thread->pid, proc->pid);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_bad_offset;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Copy the source user buffer up to the next object
+		 * that will be processed.
+		 */
+		copy_size = object_offset - user_offset;
+		if (copy_size && (user_offset > object_offset ||
+				binder_alloc_copy_user_to_buffer(
+					&target_proc->alloc,
+					t->buffer, user_offset,
+					user_buffer + user_offset,
+					copy_size))) {
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid data ptr\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EFAULT;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_copy_data_failed;
+		}
+		object_size = binder_get_object(target_proc, user_buffer,
+				t->buffer, object_offset, &object);
+		if (object_size == 0 || object_offset < off_min) {
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid offset (%lld, min %lld max %lld) or object.\n",
+					  proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					  (u64)object_offset,
+					  (u64)off_min,
+					  (u64)t->buffer->data_size);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_bad_offset;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Set offset to the next buffer fragment to be
+		 * copied
+		 */
+		user_offset = object_offset + object_size;
+
+		hdr = &object.hdr;
+		off_min = object_offset + object_size;
+		switch (hdr->type) {
+		case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
+		case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_BINDER: {
+			struct flat_binder_object *fp;
+
+			fp = to_flat_binder_object(hdr);
+			ret = binder_translate_binder(fp, t, thread);
+
+			if (ret < 0 ||
+			    binder_alloc_copy_to_buffer(&target_proc->alloc,
+							t->buffer,
+							object_offset,
+							fp, sizeof(*fp))) {
+				binder_txn_error("%d:%d translate binder failed\n",
+					thread->pid, proc->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE:
+		case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_HANDLE: {
+			struct flat_binder_object *fp;
+
+			fp = to_flat_binder_object(hdr);
+			ret = binder_translate_handle(fp, t, thread);
+			if (ret < 0 ||
+			    binder_alloc_copy_to_buffer(&target_proc->alloc,
+							t->buffer,
+							object_offset,
+							fp, sizeof(*fp))) {
+				binder_txn_error("%d:%d translate handle failed\n",
+					thread->pid, proc->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+		} break;
+
+		case BINDER_TYPE_FD: {
+			struct binder_fd_object *fp = to_binder_fd_object(hdr);
+			binder_size_t fd_offset = object_offset +
+				(uintptr_t)&fp->fd - (uintptr_t)fp;
+			int ret = binder_translate_fd(fp->fd, fd_offset, t,
+						      thread, in_reply_to);
+
+			fp->pad_binder = 0;
+			if (ret < 0 ||
+			    binder_alloc_copy_to_buffer(&target_proc->alloc,
+							t->buffer,
+							object_offset,
+							fp, sizeof(*fp))) {
+				binder_txn_error("%d:%d translate fd failed\n",
+					thread->pid, proc->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_FDA: {
+			struct binder_object ptr_object;
+			binder_size_t parent_offset;
+			struct binder_object user_object;
+			size_t user_parent_size;
+			struct binder_fd_array_object *fda =
+				to_binder_fd_array_object(hdr);
+			size_t num_valid = (buffer_offset - off_start_offset) /
+						sizeof(binder_size_t);
+			struct binder_buffer_object *parent =
+				binder_validate_ptr(target_proc, t->buffer,
+						    &ptr_object, fda->parent,
+						    off_start_offset,
+						    &parent_offset,
+						    num_valid);
+			if (!parent) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid parent offset or type\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_parent;
+			}
+			if (!binder_validate_fixup(target_proc, t->buffer,
+						   off_start_offset,
+						   parent_offset,
+						   fda->parent_offset,
+						   last_fixup_obj_off,
+						   last_fixup_min_off)) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with out-of-order buffer fixup\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_parent;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * We need to read the user version of the parent
+			 * object to get the original user offset
+			 */
+			user_parent_size =
+				binder_get_object(proc, user_buffer, t->buffer,
+						  parent_offset, &user_object);
+			if (user_parent_size != sizeof(user_object.bbo)) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d invalid ptr object size: %zd vs %zd\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						  user_parent_size,
+						  sizeof(user_object.bbo));
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_parent;
+			}
+			ret = binder_translate_fd_array(&pf_head, fda,
+							user_buffer, parent,
+							&user_object.bbo, t,
+							thread, in_reply_to);
+			if (!ret)
+				ret = binder_alloc_copy_to_buffer(&target_proc->alloc,
+								  t->buffer,
+								  object_offset,
+								  fda, sizeof(*fda));
+			if (ret) {
+				binder_txn_error("%d:%d translate fd array failed\n",
+					thread->pid, proc->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret > 0 ? -EINVAL : ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+			last_fixup_obj_off = parent_offset;
+			last_fixup_min_off =
+				fda->parent_offset + sizeof(u32) * fda->num_fds;
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_PTR: {
+			struct binder_buffer_object *bp =
+				to_binder_buffer_object(hdr);
+			size_t buf_left = sg_buf_end_offset - sg_buf_offset;
+			size_t num_valid;
+
+			if (bp->length > buf_left) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with too large buffer\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_offset;
+			}
+			ret = binder_defer_copy(&sgc_head, sg_buf_offset,
+				(const void __user *)(uintptr_t)bp->buffer,
+				bp->length);
+			if (ret) {
+				binder_txn_error("%d:%d deferred copy failed\n",
+					thread->pid, proc->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+			/* Fixup buffer pointer to target proc address space */
+			bp->buffer = (uintptr_t)
+				t->buffer->user_data + sg_buf_offset;
+			sg_buf_offset += ALIGN(bp->length, sizeof(u64));
+
+			num_valid = (buffer_offset - off_start_offset) /
+					sizeof(binder_size_t);
+			ret = binder_fixup_parent(&pf_head, t,
+						  thread, bp,
+						  off_start_offset,
+						  num_valid,
+						  last_fixup_obj_off,
+						  last_fixup_min_off);
+			if (ret < 0 ||
+			    binder_alloc_copy_to_buffer(&target_proc->alloc,
+							t->buffer,
+							object_offset,
+							bp, sizeof(*bp))) {
+				binder_txn_error("%d:%d failed to fixup parent\n",
+					thread->pid, proc->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+			last_fixup_obj_off = object_offset;
+			last_fixup_min_off = 0;
+		} break;
+		default:
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid object type, %x\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid, hdr->type);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_bad_object_type;
+		}
+	}
+	/* Done processing objects, copy the rest of the buffer */
+	if (binder_alloc_copy_user_to_buffer(
+				&target_proc->alloc,
+				t->buffer, user_offset,
+				user_buffer + user_offset,
+				tr->data_size - user_offset)) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid data ptr\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -EFAULT;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_copy_data_failed;
+	}
+
+	ret = binder_do_deferred_txn_copies(&target_proc->alloc, t->buffer,
+					    &sgc_head, &pf_head);
+	if (ret) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid offsets ptr\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = ret;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_copy_data_failed;
+	}
+	if (t->buffer->oneway_spam_suspect)
+		tcomplete->type = BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_ONEWAY_SPAM_SUSPECT;
+	else
+		tcomplete->type = BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE;
+	t->work.type = BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION;
+
+	if (reply) {
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work(thread, tcomplete);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+		if (target_thread->is_dead) {
+			return_error = BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+			goto err_dead_proc_or_thread;
+		}
+		BUG_ON(t->buffer->async_transaction != 0);
+		binder_pop_transaction_ilocked(target_thread, in_reply_to);
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(target_thread, &t->work);
+		target_proc->outstanding_txns++;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+		wake_up_interruptible_sync(&target_thread->wait);
+		binder_free_transaction(in_reply_to);
+	} else if (!(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY)) {
+		BUG_ON(t->buffer->async_transaction != 0);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		/*
+		 * Defer the TRANSACTION_COMPLETE, so we don't return to
+		 * userspace immediately; this allows the target process to
+		 * immediately start processing this transaction, reducing
+		 * latency. We will then return the TRANSACTION_COMPLETE when
+		 * the target replies (or there is an error).
+		 */
+		binder_enqueue_deferred_thread_work_ilocked(thread, tcomplete);
+		t->need_reply = 1;
+		t->from_parent = thread->transaction_stack;
+		thread->transaction_stack = t;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		return_error = binder_proc_transaction(t,
+				target_proc, target_thread);
+		if (return_error) {
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+			binder_pop_transaction_ilocked(thread, t);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			goto err_dead_proc_or_thread;
+		}
+	} else {
+		BUG_ON(target_node == NULL);
+		BUG_ON(t->buffer->async_transaction != 1);
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work(thread, tcomplete);
+		return_error = binder_proc_transaction(t, target_proc, NULL);
+		if (return_error)
+			goto err_dead_proc_or_thread;
+	}
+	if (target_thread)
+		binder_thread_dec_tmpref(target_thread);
+	binder_proc_dec_tmpref(target_proc);
+	if (target_node)
+		binder_dec_node_tmpref(target_node);
+	/*
+	 * write barrier to synchronize with initialization
+	 * of log entry
+	 */
+	smp_wmb();
+	WRITE_ONCE(e->debug_id_done, t_debug_id);
+	return;
+
+err_dead_proc_or_thread:
+	binder_txn_error("%d:%d dead process or thread\n",
+		thread->pid, proc->pid);
+	return_error_line = __LINE__;
+	binder_dequeue_work(proc, tcomplete);
+err_translate_failed:
+err_bad_object_type:
+err_bad_offset:
+err_bad_parent:
+err_copy_data_failed:
+	binder_cleanup_deferred_txn_lists(&sgc_head, &pf_head);
+	binder_free_txn_fixups(t);
+	trace_binder_transaction_failed_buffer_release(t->buffer);
+	binder_transaction_buffer_release(target_proc, NULL, t->buffer,
+					  buffer_offset, true);
+	if (target_node)
+		binder_dec_node_tmpref(target_node);
+	target_node = NULL;
+	t->buffer->transaction = NULL;
+	binder_alloc_free_buf(&target_proc->alloc, t->buffer);
+err_binder_alloc_buf_failed:
+err_bad_extra_size:
+	if (secctx)
+		security_release_secctx(secctx, secctx_sz);
+err_get_secctx_failed:
+	kfree(tcomplete);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE);
+err_alloc_tcomplete_failed:
+	if (trace_binder_txn_latency_free_enabled())
+		binder_txn_latency_free(t);
+	kfree(t);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION);
+err_alloc_t_failed:
+err_bad_todo_list:
+err_bad_call_stack:
+err_empty_call_stack:
+err_dead_binder:
+err_invalid_target_handle:
+	if (target_node) {
+		binder_dec_node(target_node, 1, 0);
+		binder_dec_node_tmpref(target_node);
+	}
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+		     "%d:%d transaction %s to %d:%d failed %d/%d/%d, size %lld-%lld line %d\n",
+		     proc->pid, thread->pid, reply ? "reply" :
+		     (tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY ? "async" : "call"),
+		     target_proc ? target_proc->pid : 0,
+		     target_thread ? target_thread->pid : 0,
+		     t_debug_id, return_error, return_error_param,
+		     (u64)tr->data_size, (u64)tr->offsets_size,
+		     return_error_line);
+
+	if (target_thread)
+		binder_thread_dec_tmpref(target_thread);
+	if (target_proc)
+		binder_proc_dec_tmpref(target_proc);
+
+	{
+		struct binder_transaction_log_entry *fe;
+
+		e->return_error = return_error;
+		e->return_error_param = return_error_param;
+		e->return_error_line = return_error_line;
+		fe = binder_transaction_log_add(&binder_transaction_log_failed);
+		*fe = *e;
+		/*
+		 * write barrier to synchronize with initialization
+		 * of log entry
+		 */
+		smp_wmb();
+		WRITE_ONCE(e->debug_id_done, t_debug_id);
+		WRITE_ONCE(fe->debug_id_done, t_debug_id);
+	}
+
+	BUG_ON(thread->return_error.cmd != BR_OK);
+	if (in_reply_to) {
+		binder_set_txn_from_error(in_reply_to, t_debug_id,
+				return_error, return_error_param);
+		thread->return_error.cmd = BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE;
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work(thread, &thread->return_error.work);
+		binder_send_failed_reply(in_reply_to, return_error);
+	} else {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		binder_set_extended_error(&thread->ee, t_debug_id,
+				return_error, return_error_param);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		thread->return_error.cmd = return_error;
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work(thread, &thread->return_error.work);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_free_buf() - free the specified buffer
+ * @proc:	binder proc that owns buffer
+ * @buffer:	buffer to be freed
+ * @is_failure:	failed to send transaction
+ *
+ * If buffer for an async transaction, enqueue the next async
+ * transaction from the node.
+ *
+ * Cleanup buffer and free it.
+ */
+static void
+binder_free_buf(struct binder_proc *proc,
+		struct binder_thread *thread,
+		struct binder_buffer *buffer, bool is_failure)
+{
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	if (buffer->transaction) {
+		buffer->transaction->buffer = NULL;
+		buffer->transaction = NULL;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (buffer->async_transaction && buffer->target_node) {
+		struct binder_node *buf_node;
+		struct binder_work *w;
+
+		buf_node = buffer->target_node;
+		binder_node_inner_lock(buf_node);
+		BUG_ON(!buf_node->has_async_transaction);
+		BUG_ON(buf_node->proc != proc);
+		w = binder_dequeue_work_head_ilocked(
+				&buf_node->async_todo);
+		if (!w) {
+			buf_node->has_async_transaction = false;
+		} else {
+			binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+					w, &proc->todo);
+			binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+		}
+		binder_node_inner_unlock(buf_node);
+	}
+	trace_binder_transaction_buffer_release(buffer);
+	binder_release_entire_buffer(proc, thread, buffer, is_failure);
+	binder_alloc_free_buf(&proc->alloc, buffer);
+}
+
+static int binder_thread_write(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			struct binder_thread *thread,
+			binder_uintptr_t binder_buffer, size_t size,
+			binder_size_t *consumed)
+{
+	uint32_t cmd;
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	void __user *buffer = (void __user *)(uintptr_t)binder_buffer;
+	void __user *ptr = buffer + *consumed;
+	void __user *end = buffer + size;
+
+	while (ptr < end && thread->return_error.cmd == BR_OK) {
+		int ret;
+
+		if (get_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+		trace_binder_command(cmd);
+		if (_IOC_NR(cmd) < ARRAY_SIZE(binder_stats.bc)) {
+			atomic_inc(&binder_stats.bc[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+			atomic_inc(&proc->stats.bc[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+			atomic_inc(&thread->stats.bc[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+		}
+		switch (cmd) {
+		case BC_INCREFS:
+		case BC_ACQUIRE:
+		case BC_RELEASE:
+		case BC_DECREFS: {
+			uint32_t target;
+			const char *debug_string;
+			bool strong = cmd == BC_ACQUIRE || cmd == BC_RELEASE;
+			bool increment = cmd == BC_INCREFS || cmd == BC_ACQUIRE;
+			struct binder_ref_data rdata;
+
+			if (get_user(target, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+			ret = -1;
+			if (increment && !target) {
+				struct binder_node *ctx_mgr_node;
+
+				mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+				ctx_mgr_node = context->binder_context_mgr_node;
+				if (ctx_mgr_node) {
+					if (ctx_mgr_node->proc == proc) {
+						binder_user_error("%d:%d context manager tried to acquire desc 0\n",
+								  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+						mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+						return -EINVAL;
+					}
+					ret = binder_inc_ref_for_node(
+							proc, ctx_mgr_node,
+							strong, NULL, &rdata);
+				}
+				mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+			}
+			if (ret)
+				ret = binder_update_ref_for_handle(
+						proc, target, increment, strong,
+						&rdata);
+			if (!ret && rdata.desc != target) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d tried to acquire reference to desc %d, got %d instead\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					target, rdata.desc);
+			}
+			switch (cmd) {
+			case BC_INCREFS:
+				debug_string = "IncRefs";
+				break;
+			case BC_ACQUIRE:
+				debug_string = "Acquire";
+				break;
+			case BC_RELEASE:
+				debug_string = "Release";
+				break;
+			case BC_DECREFS:
+			default:
+				debug_string = "DecRefs";
+				break;
+			}
+			if (ret) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d %s %d refcount change on invalid ref %d ret %d\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid, debug_string,
+					strong, target, ret);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_USER_REFS,
+				     "%d:%d %s ref %d desc %d s %d w %d\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid, debug_string,
+				     rdata.debug_id, rdata.desc, rdata.strong,
+				     rdata.weak);
+			break;
+		}
+		case BC_INCREFS_DONE:
+		case BC_ACQUIRE_DONE: {
+			binder_uintptr_t node_ptr;
+			binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+			struct binder_node *node;
+			bool free_node;
+
+			if (get_user(node_ptr, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+			if (get_user(cookie, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+			node = binder_get_node(proc, node_ptr);
+			if (node == NULL) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d %s u%016llx no match\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					cmd == BC_INCREFS_DONE ?
+					"BC_INCREFS_DONE" :
+					"BC_ACQUIRE_DONE",
+					(u64)node_ptr);
+				break;
+			}
+			if (cookie != node->cookie) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d %s u%016llx node %d cookie mismatch %016llx != %016llx\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					cmd == BC_INCREFS_DONE ?
+					"BC_INCREFS_DONE" : "BC_ACQUIRE_DONE",
+					(u64)node_ptr, node->debug_id,
+					(u64)cookie, (u64)node->cookie);
+				binder_put_node(node);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+			if (cmd == BC_ACQUIRE_DONE) {
+				if (node->pending_strong_ref == 0) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_ACQUIRE_DONE node %d has no pending acquire request\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						node->debug_id);
+					binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+					binder_put_node(node);
+					break;
+				}
+				node->pending_strong_ref = 0;
+			} else {
+				if (node->pending_weak_ref == 0) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_INCREFS_DONE node %d has no pending increfs request\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						node->debug_id);
+					binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+					binder_put_node(node);
+					break;
+				}
+				node->pending_weak_ref = 0;
+			}
+			free_node = binder_dec_node_nilocked(node,
+					cmd == BC_ACQUIRE_DONE, 0);
+			WARN_ON(free_node);
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_USER_REFS,
+				     "%d:%d %s node %d ls %d lw %d tr %d\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				     cmd == BC_INCREFS_DONE ? "BC_INCREFS_DONE" : "BC_ACQUIRE_DONE",
+				     node->debug_id, node->local_strong_refs,
+				     node->local_weak_refs, node->tmp_refs);
+			binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+			binder_put_node(node);
+			break;
+		}
+		case BC_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE:
+			pr_err("BC_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE not supported\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		case BC_ACQUIRE_RESULT:
+			pr_err("BC_ACQUIRE_RESULT not supported\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		case BC_FREE_BUFFER: {
+			binder_uintptr_t data_ptr;
+			struct binder_buffer *buffer;
+
+			if (get_user(data_ptr, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+
+			buffer = binder_alloc_prepare_to_free(&proc->alloc,
+							      data_ptr);
+			if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(buffer)) {
+				if (PTR_ERR(buffer) == -EPERM) {
+					binder_user_error(
+						"%d:%d BC_FREE_BUFFER u%016llx matched unreturned or currently freeing buffer\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						(u64)data_ptr);
+				} else {
+					binder_user_error(
+						"%d:%d BC_FREE_BUFFER u%016llx no match\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						(u64)data_ptr);
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FREE_BUFFER,
+				     "%d:%d BC_FREE_BUFFER u%016llx found buffer %d for %s transaction\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)data_ptr,
+				     buffer->debug_id,
+				     buffer->transaction ? "active" : "finished");
+			binder_free_buf(proc, thread, buffer, false);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case BC_TRANSACTION_SG:
+		case BC_REPLY_SG: {
+			struct binder_transaction_data_sg tr;
+
+			if (copy_from_user(&tr, ptr, sizeof(tr)))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(tr);
+			binder_transaction(proc, thread, &tr.transaction_data,
+					   cmd == BC_REPLY_SG, tr.buffers_size);
+			break;
+		}
+		case BC_TRANSACTION:
+		case BC_REPLY: {
+			struct binder_transaction_data tr;
+
+			if (copy_from_user(&tr, ptr, sizeof(tr)))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(tr);
+			binder_transaction(proc, thread, &tr,
+					   cmd == BC_REPLY, 0);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case BC_REGISTER_LOOPER:
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS,
+				     "%d:%d BC_REGISTER_LOOPER\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+			if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED) {
+				thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_INVALID;
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d ERROR: BC_REGISTER_LOOPER called after BC_ENTER_LOOPER\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			} else if (proc->requested_threads == 0) {
+				thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_INVALID;
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d ERROR: BC_REGISTER_LOOPER called without request\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			} else {
+				proc->requested_threads--;
+				proc->requested_threads_started++;
+			}
+			thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED;
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			break;
+		case BC_ENTER_LOOPER:
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS,
+				     "%d:%d BC_ENTER_LOOPER\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED) {
+				thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_INVALID;
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d ERROR: BC_ENTER_LOOPER called after BC_REGISTER_LOOPER\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			}
+			thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED;
+			break;
+		case BC_EXIT_LOOPER:
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS,
+				     "%d:%d BC_EXIT_LOOPER\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_EXITED;
+			break;
+
+		case BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION:
+		case BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION: {
+			uint32_t target;
+			binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+			struct binder_ref *ref;
+			struct binder_ref_death *death = NULL;
+
+			if (get_user(target, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+			if (get_user(cookie, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+			if (cmd == BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION) {
+				/*
+				 * Allocate memory for death notification
+				 * before taking lock
+				 */
+				death = kzalloc(sizeof(*death), GFP_KERNEL);
+				if (death == NULL) {
+					WARN_ON(thread->return_error.cmd !=
+						BR_OK);
+					thread->return_error.cmd = BR_ERROR;
+					binder_enqueue_thread_work(
+						thread,
+						&thread->return_error.work);
+					binder_debug(
+						BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+						"%d:%d BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION failed\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid);
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			binder_proc_lock(proc);
+			ref = binder_get_ref_olocked(proc, target, false);
+			if (ref == NULL) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d %s invalid ref %d\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					cmd == BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION ?
+					"BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION" :
+					"BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION",
+					target);
+				binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+				kfree(death);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEATH_NOTIFICATION,
+				     "%d:%d %s %016llx ref %d desc %d s %d w %d for node %d\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				     cmd == BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION ?
+				     "BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION" :
+				     "BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION",
+				     (u64)cookie, ref->data.debug_id,
+				     ref->data.desc, ref->data.strong,
+				     ref->data.weak, ref->node->debug_id);
+
+			binder_node_lock(ref->node);
+			if (cmd == BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION) {
+				if (ref->death) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION death notification already set\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid);
+					binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+					binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+					kfree(death);
+					break;
+				}
+				binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_DEATH);
+				INIT_LIST_HEAD(&death->work.entry);
+				death->cookie = cookie;
+				ref->death = death;
+				if (ref->node->proc == NULL) {
+					ref->death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER;
+
+					binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+					binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+						&ref->death->work, &proc->todo);
+					binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+					binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				}
+			} else {
+				if (ref->death == NULL) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION death notification not active\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid);
+					binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+					binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+					break;
+				}
+				death = ref->death;
+				if (death->cookie != cookie) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION death notification cookie mismatch %016llx != %016llx\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						(u64)death->cookie,
+						(u64)cookie);
+					binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+					binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+					break;
+				}
+				ref->death = NULL;
+				binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+				if (list_empty(&death->work.entry)) {
+					death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION;
+					if (thread->looper &
+					    (BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED |
+					     BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED))
+						binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(
+								thread,
+								&death->work);
+					else {
+						binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+								&death->work,
+								&proc->todo);
+						binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(
+								proc);
+					}
+				} else {
+					BUG_ON(death->work.type != BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER);
+					death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR;
+				}
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			}
+			binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+			binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+		} break;
+		case BC_DEAD_BINDER_DONE: {
+			struct binder_work *w;
+			binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+			struct binder_ref_death *death = NULL;
+
+			if (get_user(cookie, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+
+			ptr += sizeof(cookie);
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+			list_for_each_entry(w, &proc->delivered_death,
+					    entry) {
+				struct binder_ref_death *tmp_death =
+					container_of(w,
+						     struct binder_ref_death,
+						     work);
+
+				if (tmp_death->cookie == cookie) {
+					death = tmp_death;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+				     "%d:%d BC_DEAD_BINDER_DONE %016llx found %pK\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)cookie,
+				     death);
+			if (death == NULL) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_DEAD_BINDER_DONE %016llx not found\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)cookie);
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(&death->work);
+			if (death->work.type == BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR) {
+				death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION;
+				if (thread->looper &
+					(BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED |
+					 BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED))
+					binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(
+						thread, &death->work);
+				else {
+					binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+							&death->work,
+							&proc->todo);
+					binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+				}
+			}
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		} break;
+
+		default:
+			pr_err("%d:%d unknown command %u\n",
+			       proc->pid, thread->pid, cmd);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		*consumed = ptr - buffer;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void binder_stat_br(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			   struct binder_thread *thread, uint32_t cmd)
+{
+	trace_binder_return(cmd);
+	if (_IOC_NR(cmd) < ARRAY_SIZE(binder_stats.br)) {
+		atomic_inc(&binder_stats.br[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+		atomic_inc(&proc->stats.br[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+		atomic_inc(&thread->stats.br[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+	}
+}
+
+static int binder_put_node_cmd(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			       struct binder_thread *thread,
+			       void __user **ptrp,
+			       binder_uintptr_t node_ptr,
+			       binder_uintptr_t node_cookie,
+			       int node_debug_id,
+			       uint32_t cmd, const char *cmd_name)
+{
+	void __user *ptr = *ptrp;
+
+	if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+	if (put_user(node_ptr, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+
+	if (put_user(node_cookie, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+
+	binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_USER_REFS, "%d:%d %s %d u%016llx c%016llx\n",
+		     proc->pid, thread->pid, cmd_name, node_debug_id,
+		     (u64)node_ptr, (u64)node_cookie);
+
+	*ptrp = ptr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_wait_for_work(struct binder_thread *thread,
+				bool do_proc_work)
+{
+	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (;;) {
+		prepare_to_wait(&thread->wait, &wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE|TASK_FREEZABLE);
+		if (binder_has_work_ilocked(thread, do_proc_work))
+			break;
+		if (do_proc_work)
+			list_add(&thread->waiting_thread_node,
+				 &proc->waiting_threads);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		schedule();
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		list_del_init(&thread->waiting_thread_node);
+		if (signal_pending(current)) {
+			ret = -EINTR;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	finish_wait(&thread->wait, &wait);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_apply_fd_fixups() - finish fd translation
+ * @proc:         binder_proc associated @t->buffer
+ * @t:	binder transaction with list of fd fixups
+ *
+ * Now that we are in the context of the transaction target
+ * process, we can allocate and install fds. Process the
+ * list of fds to translate and fixup the buffer with the
+ * new fds first and only then install the files.
+ *
+ * If we fail to allocate an fd, skip the install and release
+ * any fds that have already been allocated.
+ */
+static int binder_apply_fd_fixups(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				  struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_txn_fd_fixup *fixup, *tmp;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(fixup, &t->fd_fixups, fixup_entry) {
+		int fd = get_unused_fd_flags(O_CLOEXEC);
+
+		if (fd < 0) {
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+				     "failed fd fixup txn %d fd %d\n",
+				     t->debug_id, fd);
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "fd fixup txn %d fd %d\n",
+			     t->debug_id, fd);
+		trace_binder_transaction_fd_recv(t, fd, fixup->offset);
+		fixup->target_fd = fd;
+		if (binder_alloc_copy_to_buffer(&proc->alloc, t->buffer,
+						fixup->offset, &fd,
+						sizeof(u32))) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+	}
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(fixup, tmp, &t->fd_fixups, fixup_entry) {
+		fd_install(fixup->target_fd, fixup->file);
+		list_del(&fixup->fixup_entry);
+		kfree(fixup);
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+
+err:
+	binder_free_txn_fixups(t);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_thread_read(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			      struct binder_thread *thread,
+			      binder_uintptr_t binder_buffer, size_t size,
+			      binder_size_t *consumed, int non_block)
+{
+	void __user *buffer = (void __user *)(uintptr_t)binder_buffer;
+	void __user *ptr = buffer + *consumed;
+	void __user *end = buffer + size;
+
+	int ret = 0;
+	int wait_for_proc_work;
+
+	if (*consumed == 0) {
+		if (put_user(BR_NOOP, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+	}
+
+retry:
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	wait_for_proc_work = binder_available_for_proc_work_ilocked(thread);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_WAITING;
+
+	trace_binder_wait_for_work(wait_for_proc_work,
+				   !!thread->transaction_stack,
+				   !binder_worklist_empty(proc, &thread->todo));
+	if (wait_for_proc_work) {
+		if (!(thread->looper & (BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED |
+					BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED))) {
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d ERROR: Thread waiting for process work before calling BC_REGISTER_LOOPER or BC_ENTER_LOOPER (state %x)\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid, thread->looper);
+			wait_event_interruptible(binder_user_error_wait,
+						 binder_stop_on_user_error < 2);
+		}
+		binder_set_nice(proc->default_priority);
+	}
+
+	if (non_block) {
+		if (!binder_has_work(thread, wait_for_proc_work))
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+	} else {
+		ret = binder_wait_for_work(thread, wait_for_proc_work);
+	}
+
+	thread->looper &= ~BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_WAITING;
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	while (1) {
+		uint32_t cmd;
+		struct binder_transaction_data_secctx tr;
+		struct binder_transaction_data *trd = &tr.transaction_data;
+		struct binder_work *w = NULL;
+		struct list_head *list = NULL;
+		struct binder_transaction *t = NULL;
+		struct binder_thread *t_from;
+		size_t trsize = sizeof(*trd);
+
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		if (!binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&thread->todo))
+			list = &thread->todo;
+		else if (!binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&proc->todo) &&
+			   wait_for_proc_work)
+			list = &proc->todo;
+		else {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+			/* no data added */
+			if (ptr - buffer == 4 && !thread->looper_need_return)
+				goto retry;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (end - ptr < sizeof(tr) + 4) {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			break;
+		}
+		w = binder_dequeue_work_head_ilocked(list);
+		if (binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&thread->todo))
+			thread->process_todo = false;
+
+		switch (w->type) {
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION: {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			t = container_of(w, struct binder_transaction, work);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR: {
+			struct binder_error *e = container_of(
+					w, struct binder_error, work);
+
+			WARN_ON(e->cmd == BR_OK);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			if (put_user(e->cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			cmd = e->cmd;
+			e->cmd = BR_OK;
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+			binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE:
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_ONEWAY_SPAM_SUSPECT: {
+			if (proc->oneway_spam_detection_enabled &&
+				   w->type == BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_ONEWAY_SPAM_SUSPECT)
+				cmd = BR_ONEWAY_SPAM_SUSPECT;
+			else
+				cmd = BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE;
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			kfree(w);
+			binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE);
+			if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+			binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE,
+				     "%d:%d BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_NODE: {
+			struct binder_node *node = container_of(w, struct binder_node, work);
+			int strong, weak;
+			binder_uintptr_t node_ptr = node->ptr;
+			binder_uintptr_t node_cookie = node->cookie;
+			int node_debug_id = node->debug_id;
+			int has_weak_ref;
+			int has_strong_ref;
+			void __user *orig_ptr = ptr;
+
+			BUG_ON(proc != node->proc);
+			strong = node->internal_strong_refs ||
+					node->local_strong_refs;
+			weak = !hlist_empty(&node->refs) ||
+					node->local_weak_refs ||
+					node->tmp_refs || strong;
+			has_strong_ref = node->has_strong_ref;
+			has_weak_ref = node->has_weak_ref;
+
+			if (weak && !has_weak_ref) {
+				node->has_weak_ref = 1;
+				node->pending_weak_ref = 1;
+				node->local_weak_refs++;
+			}
+			if (strong && !has_strong_ref) {
+				node->has_strong_ref = 1;
+				node->pending_strong_ref = 1;
+				node->local_strong_refs++;
+			}
+			if (!strong && has_strong_ref)
+				node->has_strong_ref = 0;
+			if (!weak && has_weak_ref)
+				node->has_weak_ref = 0;
+			if (!weak && !strong) {
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+					     "%d:%d node %d u%016llx c%016llx deleted\n",
+					     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					     node_debug_id,
+					     (u64)node_ptr,
+					     (u64)node_cookie);
+				rb_erase(&node->rb_node, &proc->nodes);
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				binder_node_lock(node);
+				/*
+				 * Acquire the node lock before freeing the
+				 * node to serialize with other threads that
+				 * may have been holding the node lock while
+				 * decrementing this node (avoids race where
+				 * this thread frees while the other thread
+				 * is unlocking the node after the final
+				 * decrement)
+				 */
+				binder_node_unlock(node);
+				binder_free_node(node);
+			} else
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+			if (weak && !has_weak_ref)
+				ret = binder_put_node_cmd(
+						proc, thread, &ptr, node_ptr,
+						node_cookie, node_debug_id,
+						BR_INCREFS, "BR_INCREFS");
+			if (!ret && strong && !has_strong_ref)
+				ret = binder_put_node_cmd(
+						proc, thread, &ptr, node_ptr,
+						node_cookie, node_debug_id,
+						BR_ACQUIRE, "BR_ACQUIRE");
+			if (!ret && !strong && has_strong_ref)
+				ret = binder_put_node_cmd(
+						proc, thread, &ptr, node_ptr,
+						node_cookie, node_debug_id,
+						BR_RELEASE, "BR_RELEASE");
+			if (!ret && !weak && has_weak_ref)
+				ret = binder_put_node_cmd(
+						proc, thread, &ptr, node_ptr,
+						node_cookie, node_debug_id,
+						BR_DECREFS, "BR_DECREFS");
+			if (orig_ptr == ptr)
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+					     "%d:%d node %d u%016llx c%016llx state unchanged\n",
+					     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					     node_debug_id,
+					     (u64)node_ptr,
+					     (u64)node_cookie);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER:
+		case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR:
+		case BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION: {
+			struct binder_ref_death *death;
+			uint32_t cmd;
+			binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+
+			death = container_of(w, struct binder_ref_death, work);
+			if (w->type == BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION)
+				cmd = BR_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION_DONE;
+			else
+				cmd = BR_DEAD_BINDER;
+			cookie = death->cookie;
+
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEATH_NOTIFICATION,
+				     "%d:%d %s %016llx\n",
+				      proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				      cmd == BR_DEAD_BINDER ?
+				      "BR_DEAD_BINDER" :
+				      "BR_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION_DONE",
+				      (u64)cookie);
+			if (w->type == BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION) {
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				kfree(death);
+				binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_DEATH);
+			} else {
+				binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+						w, &proc->delivered_death);
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			}
+			if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+			if (put_user(cookie,
+				     (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+			binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+			if (cmd == BR_DEAD_BINDER)
+				goto done; /* DEAD_BINDER notifications can cause transactions */
+		} break;
+		default:
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			pr_err("%d:%d: bad work type %d\n",
+			       proc->pid, thread->pid, w->type);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (!t)
+			continue;
+
+		BUG_ON(t->buffer == NULL);
+		if (t->buffer->target_node) {
+			struct binder_node *target_node = t->buffer->target_node;
+
+			trd->target.ptr = target_node->ptr;
+			trd->cookie =  target_node->cookie;
+			t->saved_priority = task_nice(current);
+			if (t->priority < target_node->min_priority &&
+			    !(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY))
+				binder_set_nice(t->priority);
+			else if (!(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY) ||
+				 t->saved_priority > target_node->min_priority)
+				binder_set_nice(target_node->min_priority);
+			cmd = BR_TRANSACTION;
+		} else {
+			trd->target.ptr = 0;
+			trd->cookie = 0;
+			cmd = BR_REPLY;
+		}
+		trd->code = t->code;
+		trd->flags = t->flags;
+		trd->sender_euid = from_kuid(current_user_ns(), t->sender_euid);
+
+		t_from = binder_get_txn_from(t);
+		if (t_from) {
+			struct task_struct *sender = t_from->proc->tsk;
+
+			trd->sender_pid =
+				task_tgid_nr_ns(sender,
+						task_active_pid_ns(current));
+		} else {
+			trd->sender_pid = 0;
+		}
+
+		ret = binder_apply_fd_fixups(proc, t);
+		if (ret) {
+			struct binder_buffer *buffer = t->buffer;
+			bool oneway = !!(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY);
+			int tid = t->debug_id;
+
+			if (t_from)
+				binder_thread_dec_tmpref(t_from);
+			buffer->transaction = NULL;
+			binder_cleanup_transaction(t, "fd fixups failed",
+						   BR_FAILED_REPLY);
+			binder_free_buf(proc, thread, buffer, true);
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+				     "%d:%d %stransaction %d fd fixups failed %d/%d, line %d\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				     oneway ? "async " :
+					(cmd == BR_REPLY ? "reply " : ""),
+				     tid, BR_FAILED_REPLY, ret, __LINE__);
+			if (cmd == BR_REPLY) {
+				cmd = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+					return -EFAULT;
+				ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+				binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+				break;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		trd->data_size = t->buffer->data_size;
+		trd->offsets_size = t->buffer->offsets_size;
+		trd->data.ptr.buffer = (uintptr_t)t->buffer->user_data;
+		trd->data.ptr.offsets = trd->data.ptr.buffer +
+					ALIGN(t->buffer->data_size,
+					    sizeof(void *));
+
+		tr.secctx = t->security_ctx;
+		if (t->security_ctx) {
+			cmd = BR_TRANSACTION_SEC_CTX;
+			trsize = sizeof(tr);
+		}
+		if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr)) {
+			if (t_from)
+				binder_thread_dec_tmpref(t_from);
+
+			binder_cleanup_transaction(t, "put_user failed",
+						   BR_FAILED_REPLY);
+
+			return -EFAULT;
+		}
+		ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+		if (copy_to_user(ptr, &tr, trsize)) {
+			if (t_from)
+				binder_thread_dec_tmpref(t_from);
+
+			binder_cleanup_transaction(t, "copy_to_user failed",
+						   BR_FAILED_REPLY);
+
+			return -EFAULT;
+		}
+		ptr += trsize;
+
+		trace_binder_transaction_received(t);
+		binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "%d:%d %s %d %d:%d, cmd %u size %zd-%zd ptr %016llx-%016llx\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+			     (cmd == BR_TRANSACTION) ? "BR_TRANSACTION" :
+				(cmd == BR_TRANSACTION_SEC_CTX) ?
+				     "BR_TRANSACTION_SEC_CTX" : "BR_REPLY",
+			     t->debug_id, t_from ? t_from->proc->pid : 0,
+			     t_from ? t_from->pid : 0, cmd,
+			     t->buffer->data_size, t->buffer->offsets_size,
+			     (u64)trd->data.ptr.buffer,
+			     (u64)trd->data.ptr.offsets);
+
+		if (t_from)
+			binder_thread_dec_tmpref(t_from);
+		t->buffer->allow_user_free = 1;
+		if (cmd != BR_REPLY && !(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY)) {
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+			t->to_parent = thread->transaction_stack;
+			t->to_thread = thread;
+			thread->transaction_stack = t;
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+		} else {
+			binder_free_transaction(t);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+done:
+
+	*consumed = ptr - buffer;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	if (proc->requested_threads == 0 &&
+	    list_empty(&thread->proc->waiting_threads) &&
+	    proc->requested_threads_started < proc->max_threads &&
+	    (thread->looper & (BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED |
+	     BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED)) /* the user-space code fails to */
+	     /*spawn a new thread if we leave this out */) {
+		proc->requested_threads++;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS,
+			     "%d:%d BR_SPAWN_LOOPER\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		if (put_user(BR_SPAWN_LOOPER, (uint32_t __user *)buffer))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		binder_stat_br(proc, thread, BR_SPAWN_LOOPER);
+	} else
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void binder_release_work(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				struct list_head *list)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	enum binder_work_type wtype;
+
+	while (1) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		w = binder_dequeue_work_head_ilocked(list);
+		wtype = w ? w->type : 0;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (!w)
+			return;
+
+		switch (wtype) {
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION: {
+			struct binder_transaction *t;
+
+			t = container_of(w, struct binder_transaction, work);
+
+			binder_cleanup_transaction(t, "process died.",
+						   BR_DEAD_REPLY);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR: {
+			struct binder_error *e = container_of(
+					w, struct binder_error, work);
+
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+				"undelivered TRANSACTION_ERROR: %u\n",
+				e->cmd);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_ONEWAY_SPAM_SUSPECT:
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE: {
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+				"undelivered TRANSACTION_COMPLETE\n");
+			kfree(w);
+			binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR:
+		case BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION: {
+			struct binder_ref_death *death;
+
+			death = container_of(w, struct binder_ref_death, work);
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+				"undelivered death notification, %016llx\n",
+				(u64)death->cookie);
+			kfree(death);
+			binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_DEATH);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_NODE:
+			break;
+		default:
+			pr_err("unexpected work type, %d, not freed\n",
+			       wtype);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+}
+
+static struct binder_thread *binder_get_thread_ilocked(
+		struct binder_proc *proc, struct binder_thread *new_thread)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *thread = NULL;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
+	struct rb_node **p = &proc->threads.rb_node;
+
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		thread = rb_entry(parent, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+
+		if (current->pid < thread->pid)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (current->pid > thread->pid)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			return thread;
+	}
+	if (!new_thread)
+		return NULL;
+	thread = new_thread;
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_THREAD);
+	thread->proc = proc;
+	thread->pid = current->pid;
+	atomic_set(&thread->tmp_ref, 0);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&thread->wait);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&thread->todo);
+	rb_link_node(&thread->rb_node, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&thread->rb_node, &proc->threads);
+	thread->looper_need_return = true;
+	thread->return_error.work.type = BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR;
+	thread->return_error.cmd = BR_OK;
+	thread->reply_error.work.type = BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR;
+	thread->reply_error.cmd = BR_OK;
+	thread->ee.command = BR_OK;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new_thread->waiting_thread_node);
+	return thread;
+}
+
+static struct binder_thread *binder_get_thread(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+	struct binder_thread *new_thread;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	thread = binder_get_thread_ilocked(proc, NULL);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (!thread) {
+		new_thread = kzalloc(sizeof(*thread), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (new_thread == NULL)
+			return NULL;
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		thread = binder_get_thread_ilocked(proc, new_thread);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (thread != new_thread)
+			kfree(new_thread);
+	}
+	return thread;
+}
+
+static void binder_free_proc(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_device *device;
+
+	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&proc->todo));
+	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&proc->delivered_death));
+	if (proc->outstanding_txns)
+		pr_warn("%s: Unexpected outstanding_txns %d\n",
+			__func__, proc->outstanding_txns);
+	device = container_of(proc->context, struct binder_device, context);
+	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&device->ref)) {
+		kfree(proc->context->name);
+		kfree(device);
+	}
+	binder_alloc_deferred_release(&proc->alloc);
+	put_task_struct(proc->tsk);
+	put_cred(proc->cred);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_PROC);
+	kfree(proc);
+}
+
+static void binder_free_thread(struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&thread->todo));
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_THREAD);
+	binder_proc_dec_tmpref(thread->proc);
+	kfree(thread);
+}
+
+static int binder_thread_release(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				 struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	struct binder_transaction *t;
+	struct binder_transaction *send_reply = NULL;
+	int active_transactions = 0;
+	struct binder_transaction *last_t = NULL;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	/*
+	 * take a ref on the proc so it survives
+	 * after we remove this thread from proc->threads.
+	 * The corresponding dec is when we actually
+	 * free the thread in binder_free_thread()
+	 */
+	proc->tmp_ref++;
+	/*
+	 * take a ref on this thread to ensure it
+	 * survives while we are releasing it
+	 */
+	atomic_inc(&thread->tmp_ref);
+	rb_erase(&thread->rb_node, &proc->threads);
+	t = thread->transaction_stack;
+	if (t) {
+		spin_lock(&t->lock);
+		if (t->to_thread == thread)
+			send_reply = t;
+	} else {
+		__acquire(&t->lock);
+	}
+	thread->is_dead = true;
+
+	while (t) {
+		last_t = t;
+		active_transactions++;
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+			     "release %d:%d transaction %d %s, still active\n",
+			      proc->pid, thread->pid,
+			     t->debug_id,
+			     (t->to_thread == thread) ? "in" : "out");
+
+		if (t->to_thread == thread) {
+			thread->proc->outstanding_txns--;
+			t->to_proc = NULL;
+			t->to_thread = NULL;
+			if (t->buffer) {
+				t->buffer->transaction = NULL;
+				t->buffer = NULL;
+			}
+			t = t->to_parent;
+		} else if (t->from == thread) {
+			t->from = NULL;
+			t = t->from_parent;
+		} else
+			BUG();
+		spin_unlock(&last_t->lock);
+		if (t)
+			spin_lock(&t->lock);
+		else
+			__acquire(&t->lock);
+	}
+	/* annotation for sparse, lock not acquired in last iteration above */
+	__release(&t->lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * If this thread used poll, make sure we remove the waitqueue from any
+	 * poll data structures holding it.
+	 */
+	if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL)
+		wake_up_pollfree(&thread->wait);
+
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+
+	/*
+	 * This is needed to avoid races between wake_up_pollfree() above and
+	 * someone else removing the last entry from the queue for other reasons
+	 * (e.g. ep_remove_wait_queue() being called due to an epoll file
+	 * descriptor being closed).  Such other users hold an RCU read lock, so
+	 * we can be sure they're done after we call synchronize_rcu().
+	 */
+	if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL)
+		synchronize_rcu();
+
+	if (send_reply)
+		binder_send_failed_reply(send_reply, BR_DEAD_REPLY);
+	binder_release_work(proc, &thread->todo);
+	binder_thread_dec_tmpref(thread);
+	return active_transactions;
+}
+
+static __poll_t binder_poll(struct file *filp,
+				struct poll_table_struct *wait)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	struct binder_thread *thread = NULL;
+	bool wait_for_proc_work;
+
+	thread = binder_get_thread(proc);
+	if (!thread)
+		return EPOLLERR;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL;
+	wait_for_proc_work = binder_available_for_proc_work_ilocked(thread);
+
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+
+	poll_wait(filp, &thread->wait, wait);
+
+	if (binder_has_work(thread, wait_for_proc_work))
+		return EPOLLIN;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_write_read(struct file *filp,
+				unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg,
+				struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	unsigned int size = _IOC_SIZE(cmd);
+	void __user *ubuf = (void __user *)arg;
+	struct binder_write_read bwr;
+
+	if (size != sizeof(struct binder_write_read)) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	if (copy_from_user(&bwr, ubuf, sizeof(bwr))) {
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_READ_WRITE,
+		     "%d:%d write %lld at %016llx, read %lld at %016llx\n",
+		     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+		     (u64)bwr.write_size, (u64)bwr.write_buffer,
+		     (u64)bwr.read_size, (u64)bwr.read_buffer);
+
+	if (bwr.write_size > 0) {
+		ret = binder_thread_write(proc, thread,
+					  bwr.write_buffer,
+					  bwr.write_size,
+					  &bwr.write_consumed);
+		trace_binder_write_done(ret);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			bwr.read_consumed = 0;
+			if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &bwr, sizeof(bwr)))
+				ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+	if (bwr.read_size > 0) {
+		ret = binder_thread_read(proc, thread, bwr.read_buffer,
+					 bwr.read_size,
+					 &bwr.read_consumed,
+					 filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
+		trace_binder_read_done(ret);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		if (!binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&proc->todo))
+			binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &bwr, sizeof(bwr)))
+				ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_READ_WRITE,
+		     "%d:%d wrote %lld of %lld, read return %lld of %lld\n",
+		     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+		     (u64)bwr.write_consumed, (u64)bwr.write_size,
+		     (u64)bwr.read_consumed, (u64)bwr.read_size);
+	if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &bwr, sizeof(bwr))) {
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		goto out;
+	}
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_set_ctx_mgr(struct file *filp,
+				    struct flat_binder_object *fbo)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	struct binder_node *new_node;
+	kuid_t curr_euid = current_euid();
+
+	mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	if (context->binder_context_mgr_node) {
+		pr_err("BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR already set\n");
+		ret = -EBUSY;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	ret = security_binder_set_context_mgr(proc->cred);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out;
+	if (uid_valid(context->binder_context_mgr_uid)) {
+		if (!uid_eq(context->binder_context_mgr_uid, curr_euid)) {
+			pr_err("BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR bad uid %d != %d\n",
+			       from_kuid(&init_user_ns, curr_euid),
+			       from_kuid(&init_user_ns,
+					 context->binder_context_mgr_uid));
+			ret = -EPERM;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	} else {
+		context->binder_context_mgr_uid = curr_euid;
+	}
+	new_node = binder_new_node(proc, fbo);
+	if (!new_node) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	binder_node_lock(new_node);
+	new_node->local_weak_refs++;
+	new_node->local_strong_refs++;
+	new_node->has_strong_ref = 1;
+	new_node->has_weak_ref = 1;
+	context->binder_context_mgr_node = new_node;
+	binder_node_unlock(new_node);
+	binder_put_node(new_node);
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_get_node_info_for_ref(struct binder_proc *proc,
+		struct binder_node_info_for_ref *info)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	__u32 handle = info->handle;
+
+	if (info->strong_count || info->weak_count || info->reserved1 ||
+	    info->reserved2 || info->reserved3) {
+		binder_user_error("%d BINDER_GET_NODE_INFO_FOR_REF: only handle may be non-zero.",
+				  proc->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* This ioctl may only be used by the context manager */
+	mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	if (!context->binder_context_mgr_node ||
+		context->binder_context_mgr_node->proc != proc) {
+		mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+		return -EPERM;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+
+	node = binder_get_node_from_ref(proc, handle, true, NULL);
+	if (!node)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	info->strong_count = node->local_strong_refs +
+		node->internal_strong_refs;
+	info->weak_count = node->local_weak_refs;
+
+	binder_put_node(node);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_get_node_debug_info(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				struct binder_node_debug_info *info)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	binder_uintptr_t ptr = info->ptr;
+
+	memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->nodes); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		struct binder_node *node = rb_entry(n, struct binder_node,
+						    rb_node);
+		if (node->ptr > ptr) {
+			info->ptr = node->ptr;
+			info->cookie = node->cookie;
+			info->has_strong_ref = node->has_strong_ref;
+			info->has_weak_ref = node->has_weak_ref;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static bool binder_txns_pending_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+
+	if (proc->outstanding_txns > 0)
+		return true;
+
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		thread = rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+		if (thread->transaction_stack)
+			return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_freeze(struct binder_freeze_info *info,
+			       struct binder_proc *target_proc)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (!info->enable) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+		target_proc->sync_recv = false;
+		target_proc->async_recv = false;
+		target_proc->is_frozen = false;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Freezing the target. Prevent new transactions by
+	 * setting frozen state. If timeout specified, wait
+	 * for transactions to drain.
+	 */
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+	target_proc->sync_recv = false;
+	target_proc->async_recv = false;
+	target_proc->is_frozen = true;
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+
+	if (info->timeout_ms > 0)
+		ret = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(
+			target_proc->freeze_wait,
+			(!target_proc->outstanding_txns),
+			msecs_to_jiffies(info->timeout_ms));
+
+	/* Check pending transactions that wait for reply */
+	if (ret >= 0) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+		if (binder_txns_pending_ilocked(target_proc))
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+	}
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+		target_proc->is_frozen = false;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_get_freezer_info(
+				struct binder_frozen_status_info *info)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc;
+	bool found = false;
+	__u32 txns_pending;
+
+	info->sync_recv = 0;
+	info->async_recv = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(target_proc, &binder_procs, proc_node) {
+		if (target_proc->pid == info->pid) {
+			found = true;
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+			txns_pending = binder_txns_pending_ilocked(target_proc);
+			info->sync_recv |= target_proc->sync_recv |
+					(txns_pending << 1);
+			info->async_recv |= target_proc->async_recv;
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	if (!found)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_get_extended_error(struct binder_thread *thread,
+					   void __user *ubuf)
+{
+	struct binder_extended_error ee;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	ee = thread->ee;
+	binder_set_extended_error(&thread->ee, 0, BR_OK, 0);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+
+	if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &ee, sizeof(ee)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static long binder_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+	unsigned int size = _IOC_SIZE(cmd);
+	void __user *ubuf = (void __user *)arg;
+
+	/*pr_info("binder_ioctl: %d:%d %x %lx\n",
+			proc->pid, current->pid, cmd, arg);*/
+
+	binder_selftest_alloc(&proc->alloc);
+
+	trace_binder_ioctl(cmd, arg);
+
+	ret = wait_event_interruptible(binder_user_error_wait, binder_stop_on_user_error < 2);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err_unlocked;
+
+	thread = binder_get_thread(proc);
+	if (thread == NULL) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case BINDER_WRITE_READ:
+		ret = binder_ioctl_write_read(filp, cmd, arg, thread);
+		if (ret)
+			goto err;
+		break;
+	case BINDER_SET_MAX_THREADS: {
+		int max_threads;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&max_threads, ubuf,
+				   sizeof(max_threads))) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		proc->max_threads = max_threads;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR_EXT: {
+		struct flat_binder_object fbo;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&fbo, ubuf, sizeof(fbo))) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		ret = binder_ioctl_set_ctx_mgr(filp, &fbo);
+		if (ret)
+			goto err;
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR:
+		ret = binder_ioctl_set_ctx_mgr(filp, NULL);
+		if (ret)
+			goto err;
+		break;
+	case BINDER_THREAD_EXIT:
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS, "%d:%d exit\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		binder_thread_release(proc, thread);
+		thread = NULL;
+		break;
+	case BINDER_VERSION: {
+		struct binder_version __user *ver = ubuf;
+
+		if (size != sizeof(struct binder_version)) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		if (put_user(BINDER_CURRENT_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+			     &ver->protocol_version)) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_GET_NODE_INFO_FOR_REF: {
+		struct binder_node_info_for_ref info;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, ubuf, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		ret = binder_ioctl_get_node_info_for_ref(proc, &info);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto err;
+
+		if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &info, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_GET_NODE_DEBUG_INFO: {
+		struct binder_node_debug_info info;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, ubuf, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		ret = binder_ioctl_get_node_debug_info(proc, &info);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto err;
+
+		if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &info, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_FREEZE: {
+		struct binder_freeze_info info;
+		struct binder_proc **target_procs = NULL, *target_proc;
+		int target_procs_count = 0, i = 0;
+
+		ret = 0;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, ubuf, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+		hlist_for_each_entry(target_proc, &binder_procs, proc_node) {
+			if (target_proc->pid == info.pid)
+				target_procs_count++;
+		}
+
+		if (target_procs_count == 0) {
+			mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		target_procs = kcalloc(target_procs_count,
+				       sizeof(struct binder_proc *),
+				       GFP_KERNEL);
+
+		if (!target_procs) {
+			mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		hlist_for_each_entry(target_proc, &binder_procs, proc_node) {
+			if (target_proc->pid != info.pid)
+				continue;
+
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+			target_proc->tmp_ref++;
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+
+			target_procs[i++] = target_proc;
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < target_procs_count; i++) {
+			if (ret >= 0)
+				ret = binder_ioctl_freeze(&info,
+							  target_procs[i]);
+
+			binder_proc_dec_tmpref(target_procs[i]);
+		}
+
+		kfree(target_procs);
+
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto err;
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_GET_FROZEN_INFO: {
+		struct binder_frozen_status_info info;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, ubuf, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		ret = binder_ioctl_get_freezer_info(&info);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto err;
+
+		if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &info, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_ENABLE_ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION: {
+		uint32_t enable;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&enable, ubuf, sizeof(enable))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		proc->oneway_spam_detection_enabled = (bool)enable;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_GET_EXTENDED_ERROR:
+		ret = binder_ioctl_get_extended_error(thread, ubuf);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto err;
+		break;
+	default:
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto err;
+	}
+	ret = 0;
+err:
+	if (thread)
+		thread->looper_need_return = false;
+	wait_event_interruptible(binder_user_error_wait, binder_stop_on_user_error < 2);
+	if (ret && ret != -EINTR)
+		pr_info("%d:%d ioctl %x %lx returned %d\n", proc->pid, current->pid, cmd, arg, ret);
+err_unlocked:
+	trace_binder_ioctl_done(ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void binder_vma_open(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = vma->vm_private_data;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "%d open vm area %lx-%lx (%ld K) vma %lx pagep %lx\n",
+		     proc->pid, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
+		     (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) / SZ_1K, vma->vm_flags,
+		     (unsigned long)pgprot_val(vma->vm_page_prot));
+}
+
+static void binder_vma_close(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = vma->vm_private_data;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "%d close vm area %lx-%lx (%ld K) vma %lx pagep %lx\n",
+		     proc->pid, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
+		     (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) / SZ_1K, vma->vm_flags,
+		     (unsigned long)pgprot_val(vma->vm_page_prot));
+	binder_alloc_vma_close(&proc->alloc);
+}
+
+static vm_fault_t binder_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
+{
+	return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+}
+
+static const struct vm_operations_struct binder_vm_ops = {
+	.open = binder_vma_open,
+	.close = binder_vma_close,
+	.fault = binder_vm_fault,
+};
+
+static int binder_mmap(struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+
+	if (proc->tsk != current->group_leader)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "%s: %d %lx-%lx (%ld K) vma %lx pagep %lx\n",
+		     __func__, proc->pid, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
+		     (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) / SZ_1K, vma->vm_flags,
+		     (unsigned long)pgprot_val(vma->vm_page_prot));
+
+	if (vma->vm_flags & FORBIDDEN_MMAP_FLAGS) {
+		pr_err("%s: %d %lx-%lx %s failed %d\n", __func__,
+		       proc->pid, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end, "bad vm_flags", -EPERM);
+		return -EPERM;
+	}
+	vma->vm_flags |= VM_DONTCOPY | VM_MIXEDMAP;
+	vma->vm_flags &= ~VM_MAYWRITE;
+
+	vma->vm_ops = &binder_vm_ops;
+	vma->vm_private_data = proc;
+
+	return binder_alloc_mmap_handler(&proc->alloc, vma);
+}
+
+static int binder_open(struct inode *nodp, struct file *filp)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc, *itr;
+	struct binder_device *binder_dev;
+	struct binderfs_info *info;
+	struct dentry *binder_binderfs_dir_entry_proc = NULL;
+	bool existing_pid = false;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE, "%s: %d:%d\n", __func__,
+		     current->group_leader->pid, current->pid);
+
+	proc = kzalloc(sizeof(*proc), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (proc == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	spin_lock_init(&proc->inner_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&proc->outer_lock);
+	get_task_struct(current->group_leader);
+	proc->tsk = current->group_leader;
+	proc->cred = get_cred(filp->f_cred);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->todo);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&proc->freeze_wait);
+	proc->default_priority = task_nice(current);
+	/* binderfs stashes devices in i_private */
+	if (is_binderfs_device(nodp)) {
+		binder_dev = nodp->i_private;
+		info = nodp->i_sb->s_fs_info;
+		binder_binderfs_dir_entry_proc = info->proc_log_dir;
+	} else {
+		binder_dev = container_of(filp->private_data,
+					  struct binder_device, miscdev);
+	}
+	refcount_inc(&binder_dev->ref);
+	proc->context = &binder_dev->context;
+	binder_alloc_init(&proc->alloc);
+
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_PROC);
+	proc->pid = current->group_leader->pid;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->delivered_death);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->waiting_threads);
+	filp->private_data = proc;
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(itr, &binder_procs, proc_node) {
+		if (itr->pid == proc->pid) {
+			existing_pid = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	hlist_add_head(&proc->proc_node, &binder_procs);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	if (binder_debugfs_dir_entry_proc && !existing_pid) {
+		char strbuf[11];
+
+		snprintf(strbuf, sizeof(strbuf), "%u", proc->pid);
+		/*
+		 * proc debug entries are shared between contexts.
+		 * Only create for the first PID to avoid debugfs log spamming
+		 * The printing code will anyway print all contexts for a given
+		 * PID so this is not a problem.
+		 */
+		proc->debugfs_entry = debugfs_create_file(strbuf, 0444,
+			binder_debugfs_dir_entry_proc,
+			(void *)(unsigned long)proc->pid,
+			&proc_fops);
+	}
+
+	if (binder_binderfs_dir_entry_proc && !existing_pid) {
+		char strbuf[11];
+		struct dentry *binderfs_entry;
+
+		snprintf(strbuf, sizeof(strbuf), "%u", proc->pid);
+		/*
+		 * Similar to debugfs, the process specific log file is shared
+		 * between contexts. Only create for the first PID.
+		 * This is ok since same as debugfs, the log file will contain
+		 * information on all contexts of a given PID.
+		 */
+		binderfs_entry = binderfs_create_file(binder_binderfs_dir_entry_proc,
+			strbuf, &proc_fops, (void *)(unsigned long)proc->pid);
+		if (!IS_ERR(binderfs_entry)) {
+			proc->binderfs_entry = binderfs_entry;
+		} else {
+			int error;
+
+			error = PTR_ERR(binderfs_entry);
+			pr_warn("Unable to create file %s in binderfs (error %d)\n",
+				strbuf, error);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_flush(struct file *filp, fl_owner_t id)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+
+	binder_defer_work(proc, BINDER_DEFERRED_FLUSH);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void binder_deferred_flush(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	int wake_count = 0;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		struct binder_thread *thread = rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+
+		thread->looper_need_return = true;
+		if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_WAITING) {
+			wake_up_interruptible(&thread->wait);
+			wake_count++;
+		}
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "binder_flush: %d woke %d threads\n", proc->pid,
+		     wake_count);
+}
+
+static int binder_release(struct inode *nodp, struct file *filp)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+
+	debugfs_remove(proc->debugfs_entry);
+
+	if (proc->binderfs_entry) {
+		binderfs_remove_file(proc->binderfs_entry);
+		proc->binderfs_entry = NULL;
+	}
+
+	binder_defer_work(proc, BINDER_DEFERRED_RELEASE);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_node_release(struct binder_node *node, int refs)
+{
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	int death = 0;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = node->proc;
+
+	binder_release_work(proc, &node->async_todo);
+
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(&node->work);
+	/*
+	 * The caller must have taken a temporary ref on the node,
+	 */
+	BUG_ON(!node->tmp_refs);
+	if (hlist_empty(&node->refs) && node->tmp_refs == 1) {
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+		binder_free_node(node);
+
+		return refs;
+	}
+
+	node->proc = NULL;
+	node->local_strong_refs = 0;
+	node->local_weak_refs = 0;
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	hlist_add_head(&node->dead_node, &binder_dead_nodes);
+	spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+
+	hlist_for_each_entry(ref, &node->refs, node_entry) {
+		refs++;
+		/*
+		 * Need the node lock to synchronize
+		 * with new notification requests and the
+		 * inner lock to synchronize with queued
+		 * death notifications.
+		 */
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(ref->proc);
+		if (!ref->death) {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(ref->proc);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		death++;
+
+		BUG_ON(!list_empty(&ref->death->work.entry));
+		ref->death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER;
+		binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&ref->death->work,
+					    &ref->proc->todo);
+		binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(ref->proc);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(ref->proc);
+	}
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+		     "node %d now dead, refs %d, death %d\n",
+		     node->debug_id, refs, death);
+	binder_node_unlock(node);
+	binder_put_node(node);
+
+	return refs;
+}
+
+static void binder_deferred_release(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	int threads, nodes, incoming_refs, outgoing_refs, active_transactions;
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_del(&proc->proc_node);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	if (context->binder_context_mgr_node &&
+	    context->binder_context_mgr_node->proc == proc) {
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+			     "%s: %d context_mgr_node gone\n",
+			     __func__, proc->pid);
+		context->binder_context_mgr_node = NULL;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	/*
+	 * Make sure proc stays alive after we
+	 * remove all the threads
+	 */
+	proc->tmp_ref++;
+
+	proc->is_dead = true;
+	proc->is_frozen = false;
+	proc->sync_recv = false;
+	proc->async_recv = false;
+	threads = 0;
+	active_transactions = 0;
+	while ((n = rb_first(&proc->threads))) {
+		struct binder_thread *thread;
+
+		thread = rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		threads++;
+		active_transactions += binder_thread_release(proc, thread);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	}
+
+	nodes = 0;
+	incoming_refs = 0;
+	while ((n = rb_first(&proc->nodes))) {
+		struct binder_node *node;
+
+		node = rb_entry(n, struct binder_node, rb_node);
+		nodes++;
+		/*
+		 * take a temporary ref on the node before
+		 * calling binder_node_release() which will either
+		 * kfree() the node or call binder_put_node()
+		 */
+		binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+		rb_erase(&node->rb_node, &proc->nodes);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		incoming_refs = binder_node_release(node, incoming_refs);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	outgoing_refs = 0;
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	while ((n = rb_first(&proc->refs_by_desc))) {
+		struct binder_ref *ref;
+
+		ref = rb_entry(n, struct binder_ref, rb_node_desc);
+		outgoing_refs++;
+		binder_cleanup_ref_olocked(ref);
+		binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_free_ref(ref);
+		binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	}
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	binder_release_work(proc, &proc->todo);
+	binder_release_work(proc, &proc->delivered_death);
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "%s: %d threads %d, nodes %d (ref %d), refs %d, active transactions %d\n",
+		     __func__, proc->pid, threads, nodes, incoming_refs,
+		     outgoing_refs, active_transactions);
+
+	binder_proc_dec_tmpref(proc);
+}
+
+static void binder_deferred_func(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+
+	int defer;
+
+	do {
+		mutex_lock(&binder_deferred_lock);
+		if (!hlist_empty(&binder_deferred_list)) {
+			proc = hlist_entry(binder_deferred_list.first,
+					struct binder_proc, deferred_work_node);
+			hlist_del_init(&proc->deferred_work_node);
+			defer = proc->deferred_work;
+			proc->deferred_work = 0;
+		} else {
+			proc = NULL;
+			defer = 0;
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&binder_deferred_lock);
+
+		if (defer & BINDER_DEFERRED_FLUSH)
+			binder_deferred_flush(proc);
+
+		if (defer & BINDER_DEFERRED_RELEASE)
+			binder_deferred_release(proc); /* frees proc */
+	} while (proc);
+}
+static DECLARE_WORK(binder_deferred_work, binder_deferred_func);
+
+static void
+binder_defer_work(struct binder_proc *proc, enum binder_deferred_state defer)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&binder_deferred_lock);
+	proc->deferred_work |= defer;
+	if (hlist_unhashed(&proc->deferred_work_node)) {
+		hlist_add_head(&proc->deferred_work_node,
+				&binder_deferred_list);
+		schedule_work(&binder_deferred_work);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_deferred_lock);
+}
+
+static void print_binder_transaction_ilocked(struct seq_file *m,
+					     struct binder_proc *proc,
+					     const char *prefix,
+					     struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *to_proc;
+	struct binder_buffer *buffer = t->buffer;
+
+	spin_lock(&t->lock);
+	to_proc = t->to_proc;
+	seq_printf(m,
+		   "%s %d: %pK from %d:%d to %d:%d code %x flags %x pri %ld r%d",
+		   prefix, t->debug_id, t,
+		   t->from ? t->from->proc->pid : 0,
+		   t->from ? t->from->pid : 0,
+		   to_proc ? to_proc->pid : 0,
+		   t->to_thread ? t->to_thread->pid : 0,
+		   t->code, t->flags, t->priority, t->need_reply);
+	spin_unlock(&t->lock);
+
+	if (proc != to_proc) {
+		/*
+		 * Can only safely deref buffer if we are holding the
+		 * correct proc inner lock for this node
+		 */
+		seq_puts(m, "\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (buffer == NULL) {
+		seq_puts(m, " buffer free\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	if (buffer->target_node)
+		seq_printf(m, " node %d", buffer->target_node->debug_id);
+	seq_printf(m, " size %zd:%zd data %pK\n",
+		   buffer->data_size, buffer->offsets_size,
+		   buffer->user_data);
+}
+
+static void print_binder_work_ilocked(struct seq_file *m,
+				     struct binder_proc *proc,
+				     const char *prefix,
+				     const char *transaction_prefix,
+				     struct binder_work *w)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_transaction *t;
+
+	switch (w->type) {
+	case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION:
+		t = container_of(w, struct binder_transaction, work);
+		print_binder_transaction_ilocked(
+				m, proc, transaction_prefix, t);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR: {
+		struct binder_error *e = container_of(
+				w, struct binder_error, work);
+
+		seq_printf(m, "%stransaction error: %u\n",
+			   prefix, e->cmd);
+	} break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE:
+		seq_printf(m, "%stransaction complete\n", prefix);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_NODE:
+		node = container_of(w, struct binder_node, work);
+		seq_printf(m, "%snode work %d: u%016llx c%016llx\n",
+			   prefix, node->debug_id,
+			   (u64)node->ptr, (u64)node->cookie);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER:
+		seq_printf(m, "%shas dead binder\n", prefix);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR:
+		seq_printf(m, "%shas cleared dead binder\n", prefix);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION:
+		seq_printf(m, "%shas cleared death notification\n", prefix);
+		break;
+	default:
+		seq_printf(m, "%sunknown work: type %d\n", prefix, w->type);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void print_binder_thread_ilocked(struct seq_file *m,
+					struct binder_thread *thread,
+					int print_always)
+{
+	struct binder_transaction *t;
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	size_t start_pos = m->count;
+	size_t header_pos;
+
+	seq_printf(m, "  thread %d: l %02x need_return %d tr %d\n",
+			thread->pid, thread->looper,
+			thread->looper_need_return,
+			atomic_read(&thread->tmp_ref));
+	header_pos = m->count;
+	t = thread->transaction_stack;
+	while (t) {
+		if (t->from == thread) {
+			print_binder_transaction_ilocked(m, thread->proc,
+					"    outgoing transaction", t);
+			t = t->from_parent;
+		} else if (t->to_thread == thread) {
+			print_binder_transaction_ilocked(m, thread->proc,
+						 "    incoming transaction", t);
+			t = t->to_parent;
+		} else {
+			print_binder_transaction_ilocked(m, thread->proc,
+					"    bad transaction", t);
+			t = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	list_for_each_entry(w, &thread->todo, entry) {
+		print_binder_work_ilocked(m, thread->proc, "    ",
+					  "    pending transaction", w);
+	}
+	if (!print_always && m->count == header_pos)
+		m->count = start_pos;
+}
+
+static void print_binder_node_nilocked(struct seq_file *m,
+				       struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	int count;
+
+	count = 0;
+	hlist_for_each_entry(ref, &node->refs, node_entry)
+		count++;
+
+	seq_printf(m, "  node %d: u%016llx c%016llx hs %d hw %d ls %d lw %d is %d iw %d tr %d",
+		   node->debug_id, (u64)node->ptr, (u64)node->cookie,
+		   node->has_strong_ref, node->has_weak_ref,
+		   node->local_strong_refs, node->local_weak_refs,
+		   node->internal_strong_refs, count, node->tmp_refs);
+	if (count) {
+		seq_puts(m, " proc");
+		hlist_for_each_entry(ref, &node->refs, node_entry)
+			seq_printf(m, " %d", ref->proc->pid);
+	}
+	seq_puts(m, "\n");
+	if (node->proc) {
+		list_for_each_entry(w, &node->async_todo, entry)
+			print_binder_work_ilocked(m, node->proc, "    ",
+					  "    pending async transaction", w);
+	}
+}
+
+static void print_binder_ref_olocked(struct seq_file *m,
+				     struct binder_ref *ref)
+{
+	binder_node_lock(ref->node);
+	seq_printf(m, "  ref %d: desc %d %snode %d s %d w %d d %pK\n",
+		   ref->data.debug_id, ref->data.desc,
+		   ref->node->proc ? "" : "dead ",
+		   ref->node->debug_id, ref->data.strong,
+		   ref->data.weak, ref->death);
+	binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+}
+
+static void print_binder_proc(struct seq_file *m,
+			      struct binder_proc *proc, int print_all)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	size_t start_pos = m->count;
+	size_t header_pos;
+	struct binder_node *last_node = NULL;
+
+	seq_printf(m, "proc %d\n", proc->pid);
+	seq_printf(m, "context %s\n", proc->context->name);
+	header_pos = m->count;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n))
+		print_binder_thread_ilocked(m, rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread,
+						rb_node), print_all);
+
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->nodes); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		struct binder_node *node = rb_entry(n, struct binder_node,
+						    rb_node);
+		if (!print_all && !node->has_async_transaction)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * take a temporary reference on the node so it
+		 * survives and isn't removed from the tree
+		 * while we print it.
+		 */
+		binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+		/* Need to drop inner lock to take node lock */
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (last_node)
+			binder_put_node(last_node);
+		binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+		print_binder_node_nilocked(m, node);
+		binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+		last_node = node;
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (last_node)
+		binder_put_node(last_node);
+
+	if (print_all) {
+		binder_proc_lock(proc);
+		for (n = rb_first(&proc->refs_by_desc);
+		     n != NULL;
+		     n = rb_next(n))
+			print_binder_ref_olocked(m, rb_entry(n,
+							    struct binder_ref,
+							    rb_node_desc));
+		binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	}
+	binder_alloc_print_allocated(m, &proc->alloc);
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	list_for_each_entry(w, &proc->todo, entry)
+		print_binder_work_ilocked(m, proc, "  ",
+					  "  pending transaction", w);
+	list_for_each_entry(w, &proc->delivered_death, entry) {
+		seq_puts(m, "  has delivered dead binder\n");
+		break;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (!print_all && m->count == header_pos)
+		m->count = start_pos;
+}
+
+static const char * const binder_return_strings[] = {
+	"BR_ERROR",
+	"BR_OK",
+	"BR_TRANSACTION",
+	"BR_REPLY",
+	"BR_ACQUIRE_RESULT",
+	"BR_DEAD_REPLY",
+	"BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE",
+	"BR_INCREFS",
+	"BR_ACQUIRE",
+	"BR_RELEASE",
+	"BR_DECREFS",
+	"BR_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE",
+	"BR_NOOP",
+	"BR_SPAWN_LOOPER",
+	"BR_FINISHED",
+	"BR_DEAD_BINDER",
+	"BR_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION_DONE",
+	"BR_FAILED_REPLY",
+	"BR_FROZEN_REPLY",
+	"BR_ONEWAY_SPAM_SUSPECT",
+};
+
+static const char * const binder_command_strings[] = {
+	"BC_TRANSACTION",
+	"BC_REPLY",
+	"BC_ACQUIRE_RESULT",
+	"BC_FREE_BUFFER",
+	"BC_INCREFS",
+	"BC_ACQUIRE",
+	"BC_RELEASE",
+	"BC_DECREFS",
+	"BC_INCREFS_DONE",
+	"BC_ACQUIRE_DONE",
+	"BC_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE",
+	"BC_REGISTER_LOOPER",
+	"BC_ENTER_LOOPER",
+	"BC_EXIT_LOOPER",
+	"BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION",
+	"BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION",
+	"BC_DEAD_BINDER_DONE",
+	"BC_TRANSACTION_SG",
+	"BC_REPLY_SG",
+};
+
+static const char * const binder_objstat_strings[] = {
+	"proc",
+	"thread",
+	"node",
+	"ref",
+	"death",
+	"transaction",
+	"transaction_complete"
+};
+
+static void print_binder_stats(struct seq_file *m, const char *prefix,
+			       struct binder_stats *stats)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(stats->bc) !=
+		     ARRAY_SIZE(binder_command_strings));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(stats->bc); i++) {
+		int temp = atomic_read(&stats->bc[i]);
+
+		if (temp)
+			seq_printf(m, "%s%s: %d\n", prefix,
+				   binder_command_strings[i], temp);
+	}
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(stats->br) !=
+		     ARRAY_SIZE(binder_return_strings));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(stats->br); i++) {
+		int temp = atomic_read(&stats->br[i]);
+
+		if (temp)
+			seq_printf(m, "%s%s: %d\n", prefix,
+				   binder_return_strings[i], temp);
+	}
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(stats->obj_created) !=
+		     ARRAY_SIZE(binder_objstat_strings));
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(stats->obj_created) !=
+		     ARRAY_SIZE(stats->obj_deleted));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(stats->obj_created); i++) {
+		int created = atomic_read(&stats->obj_created[i]);
+		int deleted = atomic_read(&stats->obj_deleted[i]);
+
+		if (created || deleted)
+			seq_printf(m, "%s%s: active %d total %d\n",
+				prefix,
+				binder_objstat_strings[i],
+				created - deleted,
+				created);
+	}
+}
+
+static void print_binder_proc_stats(struct seq_file *m,
+				    struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	int count, strong, weak, ready_threads;
+	size_t free_async_space =
+		binder_alloc_get_free_async_space(&proc->alloc);
+
+	seq_printf(m, "proc %d\n", proc->pid);
+	seq_printf(m, "context %s\n", proc->context->name);
+	count = 0;
+	ready_threads = 0;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n))
+		count++;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(thread, &proc->waiting_threads, waiting_thread_node)
+		ready_threads++;
+
+	seq_printf(m, "  threads: %d\n", count);
+	seq_printf(m, "  requested threads: %d+%d/%d\n"
+			"  ready threads %d\n"
+			"  free async space %zd\n", proc->requested_threads,
+			proc->requested_threads_started, proc->max_threads,
+			ready_threads,
+			free_async_space);
+	count = 0;
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->nodes); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n))
+		count++;
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	seq_printf(m, "  nodes: %d\n", count);
+	count = 0;
+	strong = 0;
+	weak = 0;
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->refs_by_desc); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		struct binder_ref *ref = rb_entry(n, struct binder_ref,
+						  rb_node_desc);
+		count++;
+		strong += ref->data.strong;
+		weak += ref->data.weak;
+	}
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	seq_printf(m, "  refs: %d s %d w %d\n", count, strong, weak);
+
+	count = binder_alloc_get_allocated_count(&proc->alloc);
+	seq_printf(m, "  buffers: %d\n", count);
+
+	binder_alloc_print_pages(m, &proc->alloc);
+
+	count = 0;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	list_for_each_entry(w, &proc->todo, entry) {
+		if (w->type == BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION)
+			count++;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	seq_printf(m, "  pending transactions: %d\n", count);
+
+	print_binder_stats(m, "  ", &proc->stats);
+}
+
+static int state_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_node *last_node = NULL;
+
+	seq_puts(m, "binder state:\n");
+
+	spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	if (!hlist_empty(&binder_dead_nodes))
+		seq_puts(m, "dead nodes:\n");
+	hlist_for_each_entry(node, &binder_dead_nodes, dead_node) {
+		/*
+		 * take a temporary reference on the node so it
+		 * survives and isn't removed from the list
+		 * while we print it.
+		 */
+		node->tmp_refs++;
+		spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+		if (last_node)
+			binder_put_node(last_node);
+		binder_node_lock(node);
+		print_binder_node_nilocked(m, node);
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+		last_node = node;
+		spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	if (last_node)
+		binder_put_node(last_node);
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(proc, &binder_procs, proc_node)
+		print_binder_proc(m, proc, 1);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int stats_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+
+	seq_puts(m, "binder stats:\n");
+
+	print_binder_stats(m, "", &binder_stats);
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(proc, &binder_procs, proc_node)
+		print_binder_proc_stats(m, proc);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int transactions_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+
+	seq_puts(m, "binder transactions:\n");
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(proc, &binder_procs, proc_node)
+		print_binder_proc(m, proc, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *itr;
+	int pid = (unsigned long)m->private;
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(itr, &binder_procs, proc_node) {
+		if (itr->pid == pid) {
+			seq_puts(m, "binder proc state:\n");
+			print_binder_proc(m, itr, 1);
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void print_binder_transaction_log_entry(struct seq_file *m,
+					struct binder_transaction_log_entry *e)
+{
+	int debug_id = READ_ONCE(e->debug_id_done);
+	/*
+	 * read barrier to guarantee debug_id_done read before
+	 * we print the log values
+	 */
+	smp_rmb();
+	seq_printf(m,
+		   "%d: %s from %d:%d to %d:%d context %s node %d handle %d size %d:%d ret %d/%d l=%d",
+		   e->debug_id, (e->call_type == 2) ? "reply" :
+		   ((e->call_type == 1) ? "async" : "call "), e->from_proc,
+		   e->from_thread, e->to_proc, e->to_thread, e->context_name,
+		   e->to_node, e->target_handle, e->data_size, e->offsets_size,
+		   e->return_error, e->return_error_param,
+		   e->return_error_line);
+	/*
+	 * read-barrier to guarantee read of debug_id_done after
+	 * done printing the fields of the entry
+	 */
+	smp_rmb();
+	seq_printf(m, debug_id && debug_id == READ_ONCE(e->debug_id_done) ?
+			"\n" : " (incomplete)\n");
+}
+
+static int transaction_log_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_transaction_log *log = m->private;
+	unsigned int log_cur = atomic_read(&log->cur);
+	unsigned int count;
+	unsigned int cur;
+	int i;
+
+	count = log_cur + 1;
+	cur = count < ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry) && !log->full ?
+		0 : count % ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry);
+	if (count > ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry) || log->full)
+		count = ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry);
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		unsigned int index = cur++ % ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry);
+
+		print_binder_transaction_log_entry(m, &log->entry[index]);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+const struct file_operations binder_fops = {
+	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
+	.poll = binder_poll,
+	.unlocked_ioctl = binder_ioctl,
+	.compat_ioctl = compat_ptr_ioctl,
+	.mmap = binder_mmap,
+	.open = binder_open,
+	.flush = binder_flush,
+	.release = binder_release,
+};
+
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(state);
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(stats);
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(transactions);
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(transaction_log);
+
+const struct binder_debugfs_entry binder_debugfs_entries[] = {
+	{
+		.name = "state",
+		.mode = 0444,
+		.fops = &state_fops,
+		.data = NULL,
+	},
+	{
+		.name = "stats",
+		.mode = 0444,
+		.fops = &stats_fops,
+		.data = NULL,
+	},
+	{
+		.name = "transactions",
+		.mode = 0444,
+		.fops = &transactions_fops,
+		.data = NULL,
+	},
+	{
+		.name = "transaction_log",
+		.mode = 0444,
+		.fops = &transaction_log_fops,
+		.data = &binder_transaction_log,
+	},
+	{
+		.name = "failed_transaction_log",
+		.mode = 0444,
+		.fops = &transaction_log_fops,
+		.data = &binder_transaction_log_failed,
+	},
+	{} /* terminator */
+};
+
+static int __init init_binder_device(const char *name)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct binder_device *binder_device;
+
+	binder_device = kzalloc(sizeof(*binder_device), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!binder_device)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	binder_device->miscdev.fops = &binder_fops;
+	binder_device->miscdev.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR;
+	binder_device->miscdev.name = name;
+
+	refcount_set(&binder_device->ref, 1);
+	binder_device->context.binder_context_mgr_uid = INVALID_UID;
+	binder_device->context.name = name;
+	mutex_init(&binder_device->context.context_mgr_node_lock);
+
+	ret = misc_register(&binder_device->miscdev);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		kfree(binder_device);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	hlist_add_head(&binder_device->hlist, &binder_devices);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int __init binder_init(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+	char *device_name, *device_tmp;
+	struct binder_device *device;
+	struct hlist_node *tmp;
+	char *device_names = NULL;
+
+	ret = binder_alloc_shrinker_init();
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	atomic_set(&binder_transaction_log.cur, ~0U);
+	atomic_set(&binder_transaction_log_failed.cur, ~0U);
+
+	binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root = debugfs_create_dir("binder", NULL);
+	if (binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root) {
+		const struct binder_debugfs_entry *db_entry;
+
+		binder_for_each_debugfs_entry(db_entry)
+			debugfs_create_file(db_entry->name,
+					    db_entry->mode,
+					    binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root,
+					    db_entry->data,
+					    db_entry->fops);
+
+		binder_debugfs_dir_entry_proc = debugfs_create_dir("proc",
+						 binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root);
+	}
+
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS) &&
+	    strcmp(binder_devices_param, "") != 0) {
+		/*
+		* Copy the module_parameter string, because we don't want to
+		* tokenize it in-place.
+		 */
+		device_names = kstrdup(binder_devices_param, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!device_names) {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			goto err_alloc_device_names_failed;
+		}
+
+		device_tmp = device_names;
+		while ((device_name = strsep(&device_tmp, ","))) {
+			ret = init_binder_device(device_name);
+			if (ret)
+				goto err_init_binder_device_failed;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ret = init_binderfs();
+	if (ret)
+		goto err_init_binder_device_failed;
+
+	return ret;
+
+err_init_binder_device_failed:
+	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(device, tmp, &binder_devices, hlist) {
+		misc_deregister(&device->miscdev);
+		hlist_del(&device->hlist);
+		kfree(device);
+	}
+
+	kfree(device_names);
+
+err_alloc_device_names_failed:
+	debugfs_remove_recursive(binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root);
+	binder_alloc_shrinker_exit();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+device_initcall(binder_init);
+
+#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
+#include "binder_trace.h"
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");