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+(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)3.099 F .6(If {)5.6 F F2
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+-.25 F(s)-.55 E(lifetime manually)108 484.8 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(he)-5 E F1 -.1
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+(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 662.4 R F2(dirlist)3.355
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+144 132 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 144 Q
+F1(/de)144 156 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180
+168 Q F1(/de)144 180 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)
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+(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496
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+(vice name,)180 240 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
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+(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 326.4 Q F2
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+(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 376.8 Q(ecting Output)
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+(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
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+(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .084(ing on \214le descriptor)108 400.8
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+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.583 F F2(n)2.943 E F0
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+(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E
+(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 429.6 Q([)144 446.4 Q
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+(If the redirection operator is)108 463.2 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C
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+(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 475.2 R
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+(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657
+(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-)
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+(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108
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+(Redirection of output in this f)108 528 R .642
+(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641
+(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .454
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+F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 602.4 Q
+(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249
+(This construct allo)108 614.4 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
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+-.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108
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+(When using the second form,)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.614
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+(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 112.8 S
+(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249
+(This construct allo)108 124.8 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
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+-.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108
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+(This is semantically equi)108 187.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2
+(>>)144 204 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108
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+(All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615
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+A F2(<<)A F0([)A F2<ad>A F0(])A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 319.2 Q
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+(are subjected to parameter e)108 384 R 1.194
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.194
+(xpansion, the character se-)-.15 F(quence)108 396 Q F2(\\<newline>)2.5
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+(If the redirection operator is)108 412.8 R F2(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101
+(,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\
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+(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 499.2 S
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+(ord splitting are not performed.)-.1 F 1.188(The result is)6.187 F .375
+(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 511.2 R .374(wline appended\
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+(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 585.6 R(If)5.127 E
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+(pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108
+597.6 Q F1(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G
+2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
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+(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 609.6 R(If)5.149 E F1(wor)
+2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F2<ad>2.649 E
+F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F1(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.)
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+(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 621.6 Q
+(The operator)108 638.4 Q([)144 655.2 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(wor)A
+(d)-.37 E F0 .444
+(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 672 R(If)
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+(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F .565
+(tor 1\) is used.)108 684 R .565(If the digits in)5.565 F F1(wor)3.406 E
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+(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.974 G .704(luates to).25 F F2<ad>3.204 E F0
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+(he standard output and standard error are redirected as described)
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+(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 129.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.018(st).15 G .518
+(he \214le descriptor)-3.018 F F2(digit)3.018 E F0 .518
+(to \214le descriptor)3.018 F F2(n)3.378 E F0 3.018(,o).24 G 3.018(rt)
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+(n)3.017 E F0 .517(is not speci-)3.017 F(\214ed.)108 141.6 Q F2(digit)5
+E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A
+(Similarly)108 158.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)
+144 175.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 192 Q
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.767(st).15 G .267(he \214le descriptor)-2.767 F F2
+(digit)2.767 E F0 .267(to \214le descriptor)2.767 F F2(n)3.127 E F0
+2.767(,o).24 G 2.767(rt)-2.767 G .268
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.767 F F2(n)2.768 E F0
+.268(is not speci-)2.768 F(\214ed.)108 204 Q F1
+(Opening File Descriptors f)87 220.8 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
+(The redirection operator)108 232.8 Q([)144 249.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>)
+A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .518(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108
+266.4 R .518(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.358 E(d)-.37 E F0 .518
+(to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le de-)3.788 F
+(scriptor)108 278.4 Q F2(n)2.86 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5
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+(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E(If the \214le does not e)5 E
+(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 295.2 Q
+F2(Aliases)108 307.2 Q F0(allo)3.173 E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674
+(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674
+(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674
+(ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\
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+(and)2.893 E F1(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2
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+E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98
+(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F
+(check)108 343.2 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473
+(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472
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+(Kill the te)144 580.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
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+E F0 .779(This is another w)144 484.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F
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+(optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144
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+(List the possible completions of the te)144 657.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 669.6 Q F0 .783
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+E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 192 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
+2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions)
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+(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108
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+(Attempt completion on the te)144 372 Q
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+(List the possible completions of the te)144 468 Q
+(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1
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+(for possible completion matches.)144 504 Q F1(dab)108 516 Q(br)-.1 E
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+(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 552 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
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+(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1
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+(board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E F2(inputr)2.5
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+(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 144 R
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+(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 288 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 300 Q
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+(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 312 Q F0
+(Set the mark to the point.)144 324 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
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+348 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
+(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
+2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa)
+144 360 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
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+(ment searches for pre)144 396 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1
+(character\255sear)108 408 Q(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0
+2.695(Ac)144 420 S .194(haracter is read and point is mo)-2.695 F -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 2.694(dt).15 G 2.694(ot)-2.694 G .194(he pre)-2.694 F .194
+(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 5.194(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .494 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.2(r-).15 G
+(gument searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 432 Q F1
+(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 444 Q F0 1.826
+(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 456 R 2.126 -.15(ey s)
+-.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
+4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 468 R .791
+(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791
+(gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F
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+(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15(ve n)
+-.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-)
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+(he \214nal contents of the directory)-4.055 F
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+E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 249.6 Q
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+(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar)
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+-.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 285.6 Q F0(causes)180 285.6 Q
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