Adding upstream version 6.1.76.upstream/6.1.76

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2649 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..60db4c3b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2649 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2007 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/uuid.h>
+#include <linux/timekeeping.h>
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "ctree.h"
+#include "disk-io.h"
+#include "transaction.h"
+#include "locking.h"
+#include "tree-log.h"
+#include "volumes.h"
+#include "dev-replace.h"
+#include "qgroup.h"
+#include "block-group.h"
+#include "space-info.h"
+#include "zoned.h"
+
+#define BTRFS_ROOT_TRANS_TAG 0
+
+/*
+ * Transaction states and transitions
+ *
+ * No running transaction (fs tree blocks are not modified)
+ * |
+ * | To next stage:
+ * |  Call start_transaction() variants. Except btrfs_join_transaction_nostart().
+ * V
+ * Transaction N [[TRANS_STATE_RUNNING]]
+ * |
+ * | New trans handles can be attached to transaction N by calling all
+ * | start_transaction() variants.
+ * |
+ * | To next stage:
+ * |  Call btrfs_commit_transaction() on any trans handle attached to
+ * |  transaction N
+ * V
+ * Transaction N [[TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START]]
+ * |
+ * | Will wait for previous running transaction to completely finish if there
+ * | is one
+ * |
+ * | Then one of the following happes:
+ * | - Wait for all other trans handle holders to release.
+ * |   The btrfs_commit_transaction() caller will do the commit work.
+ * | - Wait for current transaction to be committed by others.
+ * |   Other btrfs_commit_transaction() caller will do the commit work.
+ * |
+ * | At this stage, only btrfs_join_transaction*() variants can attach
+ * | to this running transaction.
+ * | All other variants will wait for current one to finish and attach to
+ * | transaction N+1.
+ * |
+ * | To next stage:
+ * |  Caller is chosen to commit transaction N, and all other trans handle
+ * |  haven been released.
+ * V
+ * Transaction N [[TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_DOING]]
+ * |
+ * | The heavy lifting transaction work is started.
+ * | From running delayed refs (modifying extent tree) to creating pending
+ * | snapshots, running qgroups.
+ * | In short, modify supporting trees to reflect modifications of subvolume
+ * | trees.
+ * |
+ * | At this stage, all start_transaction() calls will wait for this
+ * | transaction to finish and attach to transaction N+1.
+ * |
+ * | To next stage:
+ * |  Until all supporting trees are updated.
+ * V
+ * Transaction N [[TRANS_STATE_UNBLOCKED]]
+ * |						    Transaction N+1
+ * | All needed trees are modified, thus we only    [[TRANS_STATE_RUNNING]]
+ * | need to write them back to disk and update	    |
+ * | super blocks.				    |
+ * |						    |
+ * | At this stage, new transaction is allowed to   |
+ * | start.					    |
+ * | All new start_transaction() calls will be	    |
+ * | attached to transid N+1.			    |
+ * |						    |
+ * | To next stage:				    |
+ * |  Until all tree blocks are super blocks are    |
+ * |  written to block devices			    |
+ * V						    |
+ * Transaction N [[TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED]]	    V
+ *   All tree blocks and super blocks are written.  Transaction N+1
+ *   This transaction is finished and all its	    [[TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START]]
+ *   data structures will be cleaned up.	    | Life goes on
+ */
+static const unsigned int btrfs_blocked_trans_types[TRANS_STATE_MAX] = {
+	[TRANS_STATE_RUNNING]		= 0U,
+	[TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START]	= (__TRANS_START | __TRANS_ATTACH),
+	[TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_DOING]	= (__TRANS_START |
+					   __TRANS_ATTACH |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN_NOSTART),
+	[TRANS_STATE_UNBLOCKED]		= (__TRANS_START |
+					   __TRANS_ATTACH |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN_NOSTART),
+	[TRANS_STATE_SUPER_COMMITTED]	= (__TRANS_START |
+					   __TRANS_ATTACH |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN_NOSTART),
+	[TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED]		= (__TRANS_START |
+					   __TRANS_ATTACH |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK |
+					   __TRANS_JOIN_NOSTART),
+};
+
+void btrfs_put_transaction(struct btrfs_transaction *transaction)
+{
+	WARN_ON(refcount_read(&transaction->use_count) == 0);
+	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&transaction->use_count)) {
+		BUG_ON(!list_empty(&transaction->list));
+		WARN_ON(!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(
+				&transaction->delayed_refs.href_root.rb_root));
+		WARN_ON(!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(
+				&transaction->delayed_refs.dirty_extent_root));
+		if (transaction->delayed_refs.pending_csums)
+			btrfs_err(transaction->fs_info,
+				  "pending csums is %llu",
+				  transaction->delayed_refs.pending_csums);
+		/*
+		 * If any block groups are found in ->deleted_bgs then it's
+		 * because the transaction was aborted and a commit did not
+		 * happen (things failed before writing the new superblock
+		 * and calling btrfs_finish_extent_commit()), so we can not
+		 * discard the physical locations of the block groups.
+		 */
+		while (!list_empty(&transaction->deleted_bgs)) {
+			struct btrfs_block_group *cache;
+
+			cache = list_first_entry(&transaction->deleted_bgs,
+						 struct btrfs_block_group,
+						 bg_list);
+			list_del_init(&cache->bg_list);
+			btrfs_unfreeze_block_group(cache);
+			btrfs_put_block_group(cache);
+		}
+		WARN_ON(!list_empty(&transaction->dev_update_list));
+		kfree(transaction);
+	}
+}
+
+static noinline void switch_commit_roots(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = trans->transaction;
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_root *root, *tmp;
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point no one can be using this transaction to modify any tree
+	 * and no one can start another transaction to modify any tree either.
+	 */
+	ASSERT(cur_trans->state == TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_DOING);
+
+	down_write(&fs_info->commit_root_sem);
+
+	if (test_bit(BTRFS_FS_RELOC_RUNNING, &fs_info->flags))
+		fs_info->last_reloc_trans = trans->transid;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(root, tmp, &cur_trans->switch_commits,
+				 dirty_list) {
+		list_del_init(&root->dirty_list);
+		free_extent_buffer(root->commit_root);
+		root->commit_root = btrfs_root_node(root);
+		extent_io_tree_release(&root->dirty_log_pages);
+		btrfs_qgroup_clean_swapped_blocks(root);
+	}
+
+	/* We can free old roots now. */
+	spin_lock(&cur_trans->dropped_roots_lock);
+	while (!list_empty(&cur_trans->dropped_roots)) {
+		root = list_first_entry(&cur_trans->dropped_roots,
+					struct btrfs_root, root_list);
+		list_del_init(&root->root_list);
+		spin_unlock(&cur_trans->dropped_roots_lock);
+		btrfs_free_log(trans, root);
+		btrfs_drop_and_free_fs_root(fs_info, root);
+		spin_lock(&cur_trans->dropped_roots_lock);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&cur_trans->dropped_roots_lock);
+
+	up_write(&fs_info->commit_root_sem);
+}
+
+static inline void extwriter_counter_inc(struct btrfs_transaction *trans,
+					 unsigned int type)
+{
+	if (type & TRANS_EXTWRITERS)
+		atomic_inc(&trans->num_extwriters);
+}
+
+static inline void extwriter_counter_dec(struct btrfs_transaction *trans,
+					 unsigned int type)
+{
+	if (type & TRANS_EXTWRITERS)
+		atomic_dec(&trans->num_extwriters);
+}
+
+static inline void extwriter_counter_init(struct btrfs_transaction *trans,
+					  unsigned int type)
+{
+	atomic_set(&trans->num_extwriters, ((type & TRANS_EXTWRITERS) ? 1 : 0));
+}
+
+static inline int extwriter_counter_read(struct btrfs_transaction *trans)
+{
+	return atomic_read(&trans->num_extwriters);
+}
+
+/*
+ * To be called after doing the chunk btree updates right after allocating a new
+ * chunk (after btrfs_chunk_alloc_add_chunk_item() is called), when removing a
+ * chunk after all chunk btree updates and after finishing the second phase of
+ * chunk allocation (btrfs_create_pending_block_groups()) in case some block
+ * group had its chunk item insertion delayed to the second phase.
+ */
+void btrfs_trans_release_chunk_metadata(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+
+	if (!trans->chunk_bytes_reserved)
+		return;
+
+	btrfs_block_rsv_release(fs_info, &fs_info->chunk_block_rsv,
+				trans->chunk_bytes_reserved, NULL);
+	trans->chunk_bytes_reserved = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * either allocate a new transaction or hop into the existing one
+ */
+static noinline int join_transaction(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+				     unsigned int type)
+{
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans;
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+loop:
+	/* The file system has been taken offline. No new transactions. */
+	if (BTRFS_FS_ERROR(fs_info)) {
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		return -EROFS;
+	}
+
+	cur_trans = fs_info->running_transaction;
+	if (cur_trans) {
+		if (TRANS_ABORTED(cur_trans)) {
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+			return cur_trans->aborted;
+		}
+		if (btrfs_blocked_trans_types[cur_trans->state] & type) {
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+		refcount_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
+		atomic_inc(&cur_trans->num_writers);
+		extwriter_counter_inc(cur_trans, type);
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		btrfs_lockdep_acquire(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+		btrfs_lockdep_acquire(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_extwriters);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are ATTACH or TRANS_JOIN_NOSTART, we just want to catch the
+	 * current transaction, and commit it. If there is no transaction, just
+	 * return ENOENT.
+	 */
+	if (type == TRANS_ATTACH || type == TRANS_JOIN_NOSTART)
+		return -ENOENT;
+
+	/*
+	 * JOIN_NOLOCK only happens during the transaction commit, so
+	 * it is impossible that ->running_transaction is NULL
+	 */
+	BUG_ON(type == TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK);
+
+	cur_trans = kmalloc(sizeof(*cur_trans), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!cur_trans)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	btrfs_lockdep_acquire(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+	btrfs_lockdep_acquire(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_extwriters);
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	if (fs_info->running_transaction) {
+		/*
+		 * someone started a transaction after we unlocked.  Make sure
+		 * to redo the checks above
+		 */
+		btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_extwriters);
+		btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+		kfree(cur_trans);
+		goto loop;
+	} else if (BTRFS_FS_ERROR(fs_info)) {
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_extwriters);
+		btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+		kfree(cur_trans);
+		return -EROFS;
+	}
+
+	cur_trans->fs_info = fs_info;
+	atomic_set(&cur_trans->pending_ordered, 0);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&cur_trans->pending_wait);
+	atomic_set(&cur_trans->num_writers, 1);
+	extwriter_counter_init(cur_trans, type);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&cur_trans->writer_wait);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&cur_trans->commit_wait);
+	cur_trans->state = TRANS_STATE_RUNNING;
+	/*
+	 * One for this trans handle, one so it will live on until we
+	 * commit the transaction.
+	 */
+	refcount_set(&cur_trans->use_count, 2);
+	cur_trans->flags = 0;
+	cur_trans->start_time = ktime_get_seconds();
+
+	memset(&cur_trans->delayed_refs, 0, sizeof(cur_trans->delayed_refs));
+
+	cur_trans->delayed_refs.href_root = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
+	cur_trans->delayed_refs.dirty_extent_root = RB_ROOT;
+	atomic_set(&cur_trans->delayed_refs.num_entries, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * although the tree mod log is per file system and not per transaction,
+	 * the log must never go across transaction boundaries.
+	 */
+	smp_mb();
+	if (!list_empty(&fs_info->tree_mod_seq_list))
+		WARN(1, KERN_ERR "BTRFS: tree_mod_seq_list not empty when creating a fresh transaction\n");
+	if (!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&fs_info->tree_mod_log))
+		WARN(1, KERN_ERR "BTRFS: tree_mod_log rb tree not empty when creating a fresh transaction\n");
+	atomic64_set(&fs_info->tree_mod_seq, 0);
+
+	spin_lock_init(&cur_trans->delayed_refs.lock);
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->pending_snapshots);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->dev_update_list);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->switch_commits);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->dirty_bgs);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->io_bgs);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->dropped_roots);
+	mutex_init(&cur_trans->cache_write_mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&cur_trans->dirty_bgs_lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->deleted_bgs);
+	spin_lock_init(&cur_trans->dropped_roots_lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cur_trans->releasing_ebs);
+	spin_lock_init(&cur_trans->releasing_ebs_lock);
+	list_add_tail(&cur_trans->list, &fs_info->trans_list);
+	extent_io_tree_init(fs_info, &cur_trans->dirty_pages,
+			IO_TREE_TRANS_DIRTY_PAGES, NULL);
+	extent_io_tree_init(fs_info, &cur_trans->pinned_extents,
+			IO_TREE_FS_PINNED_EXTENTS, NULL);
+	fs_info->generation++;
+	cur_trans->transid = fs_info->generation;
+	fs_info->running_transaction = cur_trans;
+	cur_trans->aborted = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This does all the record keeping required to make sure that a shareable root
+ * is properly recorded in a given transaction.  This is required to make sure
+ * the old root from before we joined the transaction is deleted when the
+ * transaction commits.
+ */
+static int record_root_in_trans(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+			       struct btrfs_root *root,
+			       int force)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if ((test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_SHAREABLE, &root->state) &&
+	    root->last_trans < trans->transid) || force) {
+		WARN_ON(!force && root->commit_root != root->node);
+
+		/*
+		 * see below for IN_TRANS_SETUP usage rules
+		 * we have the reloc mutex held now, so there
+		 * is only one writer in this function
+		 */
+		set_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_IN_TRANS_SETUP, &root->state);
+
+		/* make sure readers find IN_TRANS_SETUP before
+		 * they find our root->last_trans update
+		 */
+		smp_wmb();
+
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+		if (root->last_trans == trans->transid && !force) {
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		radix_tree_tag_set(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix,
+				   (unsigned long)root->root_key.objectid,
+				   BTRFS_ROOT_TRANS_TAG);
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+		root->last_trans = trans->transid;
+
+		/* this is pretty tricky.  We don't want to
+		 * take the relocation lock in btrfs_record_root_in_trans
+		 * unless we're really doing the first setup for this root in
+		 * this transaction.
+		 *
+		 * Normally we'd use root->last_trans as a flag to decide
+		 * if we want to take the expensive mutex.
+		 *
+		 * But, we have to set root->last_trans before we
+		 * init the relocation root, otherwise, we trip over warnings
+		 * in ctree.c.  The solution used here is to flag ourselves
+		 * with root IN_TRANS_SETUP.  When this is 1, we're still
+		 * fixing up the reloc trees and everyone must wait.
+		 *
+		 * When this is zero, they can trust root->last_trans and fly
+		 * through btrfs_record_root_in_trans without having to take the
+		 * lock.  smp_wmb() makes sure that all the writes above are
+		 * done before we pop in the zero below
+		 */
+		ret = btrfs_init_reloc_root(trans, root);
+		smp_mb__before_atomic();
+		clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_IN_TRANS_SETUP, &root->state);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+
+void btrfs_add_dropped_root(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+			    struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = trans->transaction;
+
+	/* Add ourselves to the transaction dropped list */
+	spin_lock(&cur_trans->dropped_roots_lock);
+	list_add_tail(&root->root_list, &cur_trans->dropped_roots);
+	spin_unlock(&cur_trans->dropped_roots_lock);
+
+	/* Make sure we don't try to update the root at commit time */
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+	radix_tree_tag_clear(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix,
+			     (unsigned long)root->root_key.objectid,
+			     BTRFS_ROOT_TRANS_TAG);
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+}
+
+int btrfs_record_root_in_trans(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+			       struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_SHAREABLE, &root->state))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * see record_root_in_trans for comments about IN_TRANS_SETUP usage
+	 * and barriers
+	 */
+	smp_rmb();
+	if (root->last_trans == trans->transid &&
+	    !test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_IN_TRANS_SETUP, &root->state))
+		return 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&fs_info->reloc_mutex);
+	ret = record_root_in_trans(trans, root, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&fs_info->reloc_mutex);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static inline int is_transaction_blocked(struct btrfs_transaction *trans)
+{
+	return (trans->state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START &&
+		trans->state < TRANS_STATE_UNBLOCKED &&
+		!TRANS_ABORTED(trans));
+}
+
+/* wait for commit against the current transaction to become unblocked
+ * when this is done, it is safe to start a new transaction, but the current
+ * transaction might not be fully on disk.
+ */
+static void wait_current_trans(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans;
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	cur_trans = fs_info->running_transaction;
+	if (cur_trans && is_transaction_blocked(cur_trans)) {
+		refcount_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+		btrfs_might_wait_for_state(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_UNBLOCKED);
+		wait_event(fs_info->transaction_wait,
+			   cur_trans->state >= TRANS_STATE_UNBLOCKED ||
+			   TRANS_ABORTED(cur_trans));
+		btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+	} else {
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+static int may_wait_transaction(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, int type)
+{
+	if (test_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG_RECOVERING, &fs_info->flags))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (type == TRANS_START)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline bool need_reserve_reloc_root(struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
+
+	if (!fs_info->reloc_ctl ||
+	    !test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_SHAREABLE, &root->state) ||
+	    root->root_key.objectid == BTRFS_TREE_RELOC_OBJECTID ||
+	    root->reloc_root)
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static struct btrfs_trans_handle *
+start_transaction(struct btrfs_root *root, unsigned int num_items,
+		  unsigned int type, enum btrfs_reserve_flush_enum flush,
+		  bool enforce_qgroups)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_block_rsv *delayed_refs_rsv = &fs_info->delayed_refs_rsv;
+	struct btrfs_trans_handle *h;
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans;
+	u64 num_bytes = 0;
+	u64 qgroup_reserved = 0;
+	bool reloc_reserved = false;
+	bool do_chunk_alloc = false;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (BTRFS_FS_ERROR(fs_info))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EROFS);
+
+	if (current->journal_info) {
+		WARN_ON(type & TRANS_EXTWRITERS);
+		h = current->journal_info;
+		refcount_inc(&h->use_count);
+		WARN_ON(refcount_read(&h->use_count) > 2);
+		h->orig_rsv = h->block_rsv;
+		h->block_rsv = NULL;
+		goto got_it;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Do the reservation before we join the transaction so we can do all
+	 * the appropriate flushing if need be.
+	 */
+	if (num_items && root != fs_info->chunk_root) {
+		struct btrfs_block_rsv *rsv = &fs_info->trans_block_rsv;
+		u64 delayed_refs_bytes = 0;
+
+		qgroup_reserved = num_items * fs_info->nodesize;
+		/*
+		 * Use prealloc for now, as there might be a currently running
+		 * transaction that could free this reserved space prematurely
+		 * by committing.
+		 */
+		ret = btrfs_qgroup_reserve_meta_prealloc(root, qgroup_reserved,
+							 enforce_qgroups, false);
+		if (ret)
+			return ERR_PTR(ret);
+
+		/*
+		 * We want to reserve all the bytes we may need all at once, so
+		 * we only do 1 enospc flushing cycle per transaction start.  We
+		 * accomplish this by simply assuming we'll do 2 x num_items
+		 * worth of delayed refs updates in this trans handle, and
+		 * refill that amount for whatever is missing in the reserve.
+		 */
+		num_bytes = btrfs_calc_insert_metadata_size(fs_info, num_items);
+		if (flush == BTRFS_RESERVE_FLUSH_ALL &&
+		    btrfs_block_rsv_full(delayed_refs_rsv) == 0) {
+			delayed_refs_bytes = num_bytes;
+			num_bytes <<= 1;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Do the reservation for the relocation root creation
+		 */
+		if (need_reserve_reloc_root(root)) {
+			num_bytes += fs_info->nodesize;
+			reloc_reserved = true;
+		}
+
+		ret = btrfs_reserve_metadata_bytes(fs_info, rsv, num_bytes, flush);
+		if (ret)
+			goto reserve_fail;
+		if (delayed_refs_bytes) {
+			btrfs_migrate_to_delayed_refs_rsv(fs_info, delayed_refs_bytes);
+			num_bytes -= delayed_refs_bytes;
+		}
+		btrfs_block_rsv_add_bytes(rsv, num_bytes, true);
+
+		if (rsv->space_info->force_alloc)
+			do_chunk_alloc = true;
+	} else if (num_items == 0 && flush == BTRFS_RESERVE_FLUSH_ALL &&
+		   !btrfs_block_rsv_full(delayed_refs_rsv)) {
+		/*
+		 * Some people call with btrfs_start_transaction(root, 0)
+		 * because they can be throttled, but have some other mechanism
+		 * for reserving space.  We still want these guys to refill the
+		 * delayed block_rsv so just add 1 items worth of reservation
+		 * here.
+		 */
+		ret = btrfs_delayed_refs_rsv_refill(fs_info, flush);
+		if (ret)
+			goto reserve_fail;
+	}
+again:
+	h = kmem_cache_zalloc(btrfs_trans_handle_cachep, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!h) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto alloc_fail;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are JOIN_NOLOCK we're already committing a transaction and
+	 * waiting on this guy, so we don't need to do the sb_start_intwrite
+	 * because we're already holding a ref.  We need this because we could
+	 * have raced in and did an fsync() on a file which can kick a commit
+	 * and then we deadlock with somebody doing a freeze.
+	 *
+	 * If we are ATTACH, it means we just want to catch the current
+	 * transaction and commit it, so we needn't do sb_start_intwrite(). 
+	 */
+	if (type & __TRANS_FREEZABLE)
+		sb_start_intwrite(fs_info->sb);
+
+	if (may_wait_transaction(fs_info, type))
+		wait_current_trans(fs_info);
+
+	do {
+		ret = join_transaction(fs_info, type);
+		if (ret == -EBUSY) {
+			wait_current_trans(fs_info);
+			if (unlikely(type == TRANS_ATTACH ||
+				     type == TRANS_JOIN_NOSTART))
+				ret = -ENOENT;
+		}
+	} while (ret == -EBUSY);
+
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto join_fail;
+
+	cur_trans = fs_info->running_transaction;
+
+	h->transid = cur_trans->transid;
+	h->transaction = cur_trans;
+	refcount_set(&h->use_count, 1);
+	h->fs_info = root->fs_info;
+
+	h->type = type;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&h->new_bgs);
+
+	smp_mb();
+	if (cur_trans->state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START &&
+	    may_wait_transaction(fs_info, type)) {
+		current->journal_info = h;
+		btrfs_commit_transaction(h);
+		goto again;
+	}
+
+	if (num_bytes) {
+		trace_btrfs_space_reservation(fs_info, "transaction",
+					      h->transid, num_bytes, 1);
+		h->block_rsv = &fs_info->trans_block_rsv;
+		h->bytes_reserved = num_bytes;
+		h->reloc_reserved = reloc_reserved;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now that we have found a transaction to be a part of, convert the
+	 * qgroup reservation from prealloc to pertrans. A different transaction
+	 * can't race in and free our pertrans out from under us.
+	 */
+	if (qgroup_reserved)
+		btrfs_qgroup_convert_reserved_meta(root, qgroup_reserved);
+
+got_it:
+	if (!current->journal_info)
+		current->journal_info = h;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the space_info is marked ALLOC_FORCE then we'll get upgraded to
+	 * ALLOC_FORCE the first run through, and then we won't allocate for
+	 * anybody else who races in later.  We don't care about the return
+	 * value here.
+	 */
+	if (do_chunk_alloc && num_bytes) {
+		u64 flags = h->block_rsv->space_info->flags;
+
+		btrfs_chunk_alloc(h, btrfs_get_alloc_profile(fs_info, flags),
+				  CHUNK_ALLOC_NO_FORCE);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * btrfs_record_root_in_trans() needs to alloc new extents, and may
+	 * call btrfs_join_transaction() while we're also starting a
+	 * transaction.
+	 *
+	 * Thus it need to be called after current->journal_info initialized,
+	 * or we can deadlock.
+	 */
+	ret = btrfs_record_root_in_trans(h, root);
+	if (ret) {
+		/*
+		 * The transaction handle is fully initialized and linked with
+		 * other structures so it needs to be ended in case of errors,
+		 * not just freed.
+		 */
+		btrfs_end_transaction(h);
+		return ERR_PTR(ret);
+	}
+
+	return h;
+
+join_fail:
+	if (type & __TRANS_FREEZABLE)
+		sb_end_intwrite(fs_info->sb);
+	kmem_cache_free(btrfs_trans_handle_cachep, h);
+alloc_fail:
+	if (num_bytes)
+		btrfs_block_rsv_release(fs_info, &fs_info->trans_block_rsv,
+					num_bytes, NULL);
+reserve_fail:
+	btrfs_qgroup_free_meta_prealloc(root, qgroup_reserved);
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+}
+
+struct btrfs_trans_handle *btrfs_start_transaction(struct btrfs_root *root,
+						   unsigned int num_items)
+{
+	return start_transaction(root, num_items, TRANS_START,
+				 BTRFS_RESERVE_FLUSH_ALL, true);
+}
+
+struct btrfs_trans_handle *btrfs_start_transaction_fallback_global_rsv(
+					struct btrfs_root *root,
+					unsigned int num_items)
+{
+	return start_transaction(root, num_items, TRANS_START,
+				 BTRFS_RESERVE_FLUSH_ALL_STEAL, false);
+}
+
+struct btrfs_trans_handle *btrfs_join_transaction(struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	return start_transaction(root, 0, TRANS_JOIN, BTRFS_RESERVE_NO_FLUSH,
+				 true);
+}
+
+struct btrfs_trans_handle *btrfs_join_transaction_spacecache(struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	return start_transaction(root, 0, TRANS_JOIN_NOLOCK,
+				 BTRFS_RESERVE_NO_FLUSH, true);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Similar to regular join but it never starts a transaction when none is
+ * running or after waiting for the current one to finish.
+ */
+struct btrfs_trans_handle *btrfs_join_transaction_nostart(struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	return start_transaction(root, 0, TRANS_JOIN_NOSTART,
+				 BTRFS_RESERVE_NO_FLUSH, true);
+}
+
+/*
+ * btrfs_attach_transaction() - catch the running transaction
+ *
+ * It is used when we want to commit the current the transaction, but
+ * don't want to start a new one.
+ *
+ * Note: If this function return -ENOENT, it just means there is no
+ * running transaction. But it is possible that the inactive transaction
+ * is still in the memory, not fully on disk. If you hope there is no
+ * inactive transaction in the fs when -ENOENT is returned, you should
+ * invoke
+ *     btrfs_attach_transaction_barrier()
+ */
+struct btrfs_trans_handle *btrfs_attach_transaction(struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	return start_transaction(root, 0, TRANS_ATTACH,
+				 BTRFS_RESERVE_NO_FLUSH, true);
+}
+
+/*
+ * btrfs_attach_transaction_barrier() - catch the running transaction
+ *
+ * It is similar to the above function, the difference is this one
+ * will wait for all the inactive transactions until they fully
+ * complete.
+ */
+struct btrfs_trans_handle *
+btrfs_attach_transaction_barrier(struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
+
+	trans = start_transaction(root, 0, TRANS_ATTACH,
+				  BTRFS_RESERVE_NO_FLUSH, true);
+	if (trans == ERR_PTR(-ENOENT)) {
+		int ret;
+
+		ret = btrfs_wait_for_commit(root->fs_info, 0);
+		if (ret)
+			return ERR_PTR(ret);
+	}
+
+	return trans;
+}
+
+/* Wait for a transaction commit to reach at least the given state. */
+static noinline void wait_for_commit(struct btrfs_transaction *commit,
+				     const enum btrfs_trans_state min_state)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = commit->fs_info;
+	u64 transid = commit->transid;
+	bool put = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * At the moment this function is called with min_state either being
+	 * TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED or TRANS_STATE_SUPER_COMMITTED.
+	 */
+	if (min_state == TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED)
+		btrfs_might_wait_for_state(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMPLETED);
+	else
+		btrfs_might_wait_for_state(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_SUPER_COMMITTED);
+
+	while (1) {
+		wait_event(commit->commit_wait, commit->state >= min_state);
+		if (put)
+			btrfs_put_transaction(commit);
+
+		if (min_state < TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED)
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * A transaction isn't really completed until all of the
+		 * previous transactions are completed, but with fsync we can
+		 * end up with SUPER_COMMITTED transactions before a COMPLETED
+		 * transaction. Wait for those.
+		 */
+
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		commit = list_first_entry_or_null(&fs_info->trans_list,
+						  struct btrfs_transaction,
+						  list);
+		if (!commit || commit->transid > transid) {
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+			break;
+		}
+		refcount_inc(&commit->use_count);
+		put = true;
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+int btrfs_wait_for_commit(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 transid)
+{
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = NULL, *t;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (transid) {
+		if (transid <= fs_info->last_trans_committed)
+			goto out;
+
+		/* find specified transaction */
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		list_for_each_entry(t, &fs_info->trans_list, list) {
+			if (t->transid == transid) {
+				cur_trans = t;
+				refcount_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
+				ret = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			if (t->transid > transid) {
+				ret = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+		/*
+		 * The specified transaction doesn't exist, or we
+		 * raced with btrfs_commit_transaction
+		 */
+		if (!cur_trans) {
+			if (transid > fs_info->last_trans_committed)
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* find newest transaction that is committing | committed */
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		list_for_each_entry_reverse(t, &fs_info->trans_list,
+					    list) {
+			if (t->state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START) {
+				if (t->state == TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED)
+					break;
+				cur_trans = t;
+				refcount_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		if (!cur_trans)
+			goto out;  /* nothing committing|committed */
+	}
+
+	wait_for_commit(cur_trans, TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED);
+	ret = cur_trans->aborted;
+	btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void btrfs_throttle(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	wait_current_trans(fs_info);
+}
+
+static bool should_end_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+
+	if (btrfs_check_space_for_delayed_refs(fs_info))
+		return true;
+
+	return !!btrfs_block_rsv_check(&fs_info->global_block_rsv, 5);
+}
+
+bool btrfs_should_end_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = trans->transaction;
+
+	if (cur_trans->state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START ||
+	    test_bit(BTRFS_DELAYED_REFS_FLUSHING, &cur_trans->delayed_refs.flags))
+		return true;
+
+	return should_end_transaction(trans);
+}
+
+static void btrfs_trans_release_metadata(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+
+	if (!trans->block_rsv) {
+		ASSERT(!trans->bytes_reserved);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!trans->bytes_reserved)
+		return;
+
+	ASSERT(trans->block_rsv == &fs_info->trans_block_rsv);
+	trace_btrfs_space_reservation(fs_info, "transaction",
+				      trans->transid, trans->bytes_reserved, 0);
+	btrfs_block_rsv_release(fs_info, trans->block_rsv,
+				trans->bytes_reserved, NULL);
+	trans->bytes_reserved = 0;
+}
+
+static int __btrfs_end_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+				   int throttle)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = trans->transaction;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (refcount_read(&trans->use_count) > 1) {
+		refcount_dec(&trans->use_count);
+		trans->block_rsv = trans->orig_rsv;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	btrfs_trans_release_metadata(trans);
+	trans->block_rsv = NULL;
+
+	btrfs_create_pending_block_groups(trans);
+
+	btrfs_trans_release_chunk_metadata(trans);
+
+	if (trans->type & __TRANS_FREEZABLE)
+		sb_end_intwrite(info->sb);
+
+	WARN_ON(cur_trans != info->running_transaction);
+	WARN_ON(atomic_read(&cur_trans->num_writers) < 1);
+	atomic_dec(&cur_trans->num_writers);
+	extwriter_counter_dec(cur_trans, trans->type);
+
+	cond_wake_up(&cur_trans->writer_wait);
+
+	btrfs_lockdep_release(info, btrfs_trans_num_extwriters);
+	btrfs_lockdep_release(info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+
+	btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+
+	if (current->journal_info == trans)
+		current->journal_info = NULL;
+
+	if (throttle)
+		btrfs_run_delayed_iputs(info);
+
+	if (TRANS_ABORTED(trans) || BTRFS_FS_ERROR(info)) {
+		wake_up_process(info->transaction_kthread);
+		if (TRANS_ABORTED(trans))
+			err = trans->aborted;
+		else
+			err = -EROFS;
+	}
+
+	kmem_cache_free(btrfs_trans_handle_cachep, trans);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int btrfs_end_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	return __btrfs_end_transaction(trans, 0);
+}
+
+int btrfs_end_transaction_throttle(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	return __btrfs_end_transaction(trans, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * when btree blocks are allocated, they have some corresponding bits set for
+ * them in one of two extent_io trees.  This is used to make sure all of
+ * those extents are sent to disk but does not wait on them
+ */
+int btrfs_write_marked_extents(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			       struct extent_io_tree *dirty_pages, int mark)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int werr = 0;
+	struct address_space *mapping = fs_info->btree_inode->i_mapping;
+	struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
+	u64 start = 0;
+	u64 end;
+
+	atomic_inc(&BTRFS_I(fs_info->btree_inode)->sync_writers);
+	while (!find_first_extent_bit(dirty_pages, start, &start, &end,
+				      mark, &cached_state)) {
+		bool wait_writeback = false;
+
+		err = convert_extent_bit(dirty_pages, start, end,
+					 EXTENT_NEED_WAIT,
+					 mark, &cached_state);
+		/*
+		 * convert_extent_bit can return -ENOMEM, which is most of the
+		 * time a temporary error. So when it happens, ignore the error
+		 * and wait for writeback of this range to finish - because we
+		 * failed to set the bit EXTENT_NEED_WAIT for the range, a call
+		 * to __btrfs_wait_marked_extents() would not know that
+		 * writeback for this range started and therefore wouldn't
+		 * wait for it to finish - we don't want to commit a
+		 * superblock that points to btree nodes/leafs for which
+		 * writeback hasn't finished yet (and without errors).
+		 * We cleanup any entries left in the io tree when committing
+		 * the transaction (through extent_io_tree_release()).
+		 */
+		if (err == -ENOMEM) {
+			err = 0;
+			wait_writeback = true;
+		}
+		if (!err)
+			err = filemap_fdatawrite_range(mapping, start, end);
+		if (err)
+			werr = err;
+		else if (wait_writeback)
+			werr = filemap_fdatawait_range(mapping, start, end);
+		free_extent_state(cached_state);
+		cached_state = NULL;
+		cond_resched();
+		start = end + 1;
+	}
+	atomic_dec(&BTRFS_I(fs_info->btree_inode)->sync_writers);
+	return werr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * when btree blocks are allocated, they have some corresponding bits set for
+ * them in one of two extent_io trees.  This is used to make sure all of
+ * those extents are on disk for transaction or log commit.  We wait
+ * on all the pages and clear them from the dirty pages state tree
+ */
+static int __btrfs_wait_marked_extents(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+				       struct extent_io_tree *dirty_pages)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int werr = 0;
+	struct address_space *mapping = fs_info->btree_inode->i_mapping;
+	struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
+	u64 start = 0;
+	u64 end;
+
+	while (!find_first_extent_bit(dirty_pages, start, &start, &end,
+				      EXTENT_NEED_WAIT, &cached_state)) {
+		/*
+		 * Ignore -ENOMEM errors returned by clear_extent_bit().
+		 * When committing the transaction, we'll remove any entries
+		 * left in the io tree. For a log commit, we don't remove them
+		 * after committing the log because the tree can be accessed
+		 * concurrently - we do it only at transaction commit time when
+		 * it's safe to do it (through extent_io_tree_release()).
+		 */
+		err = clear_extent_bit(dirty_pages, start, end,
+				       EXTENT_NEED_WAIT, &cached_state);
+		if (err == -ENOMEM)
+			err = 0;
+		if (!err)
+			err = filemap_fdatawait_range(mapping, start, end);
+		if (err)
+			werr = err;
+		free_extent_state(cached_state);
+		cached_state = NULL;
+		cond_resched();
+		start = end + 1;
+	}
+	if (err)
+		werr = err;
+	return werr;
+}
+
+static int btrfs_wait_extents(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+		       struct extent_io_tree *dirty_pages)
+{
+	bool errors = false;
+	int err;
+
+	err = __btrfs_wait_marked_extents(fs_info, dirty_pages);
+	if (test_and_clear_bit(BTRFS_FS_BTREE_ERR, &fs_info->flags))
+		errors = true;
+
+	if (errors && !err)
+		err = -EIO;
+	return err;
+}
+
+int btrfs_wait_tree_log_extents(struct btrfs_root *log_root, int mark)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = log_root->fs_info;
+	struct extent_io_tree *dirty_pages = &log_root->dirty_log_pages;
+	bool errors = false;
+	int err;
+
+	ASSERT(log_root->root_key.objectid == BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID);
+
+	err = __btrfs_wait_marked_extents(fs_info, dirty_pages);
+	if ((mark & EXTENT_DIRTY) &&
+	    test_and_clear_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG1_ERR, &fs_info->flags))
+		errors = true;
+
+	if ((mark & EXTENT_NEW) &&
+	    test_and_clear_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG2_ERR, &fs_info->flags))
+		errors = true;
+
+	if (errors && !err)
+		err = -EIO;
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When btree blocks are allocated the corresponding extents are marked dirty.
+ * This function ensures such extents are persisted on disk for transaction or
+ * log commit.
+ *
+ * @trans: transaction whose dirty pages we'd like to write
+ */
+static int btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	int ret;
+	int ret2;
+	struct extent_io_tree *dirty_pages = &trans->transaction->dirty_pages;
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct blk_plug plug;
+
+	blk_start_plug(&plug);
+	ret = btrfs_write_marked_extents(fs_info, dirty_pages, EXTENT_DIRTY);
+	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
+	ret2 = btrfs_wait_extents(fs_info, dirty_pages);
+
+	extent_io_tree_release(&trans->transaction->dirty_pages);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	else if (ret2)
+		return ret2;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * this is used to update the root pointer in the tree of tree roots.
+ *
+ * But, in the case of the extent allocation tree, updating the root
+ * pointer may allocate blocks which may change the root of the extent
+ * allocation tree.
+ *
+ * So, this loops and repeats and makes sure the cowonly root didn't
+ * change while the root pointer was being updated in the metadata.
+ */
+static int update_cowonly_root(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+			       struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	int ret;
+	u64 old_root_bytenr;
+	u64 old_root_used;
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_root *tree_root = fs_info->tree_root;
+
+	old_root_used = btrfs_root_used(&root->root_item);
+
+	while (1) {
+		old_root_bytenr = btrfs_root_bytenr(&root->root_item);
+		if (old_root_bytenr == root->node->start &&
+		    old_root_used == btrfs_root_used(&root->root_item))
+			break;
+
+		btrfs_set_root_node(&root->root_item, root->node);
+		ret = btrfs_update_root(trans, tree_root,
+					&root->root_key,
+					&root->root_item);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		old_root_used = btrfs_root_used(&root->root_item);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * update all the cowonly tree roots on disk
+ *
+ * The error handling in this function may not be obvious. Any of the
+ * failures will cause the file system to go offline. We still need
+ * to clean up the delayed refs.
+ */
+static noinline int commit_cowonly_roots(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct list_head *dirty_bgs = &trans->transaction->dirty_bgs;
+	struct list_head *io_bgs = &trans->transaction->io_bgs;
+	struct list_head *next;
+	struct extent_buffer *eb;
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point no one can be using this transaction to modify any tree
+	 * and no one can start another transaction to modify any tree either.
+	 */
+	ASSERT(trans->transaction->state == TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_DOING);
+
+	eb = btrfs_lock_root_node(fs_info->tree_root);
+	ret = btrfs_cow_block(trans, fs_info->tree_root, eb, NULL,
+			      0, &eb, BTRFS_NESTING_COW);
+	btrfs_tree_unlock(eb);
+	free_extent_buffer(eb);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = btrfs_run_dev_stats(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = btrfs_run_dev_replace(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = btrfs_run_qgroups(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = btrfs_setup_space_cache(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+again:
+	while (!list_empty(&fs_info->dirty_cowonly_roots)) {
+		struct btrfs_root *root;
+		next = fs_info->dirty_cowonly_roots.next;
+		list_del_init(next);
+		root = list_entry(next, struct btrfs_root, dirty_list);
+		clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_DIRTY, &root->state);
+
+		list_add_tail(&root->dirty_list,
+			      &trans->transaction->switch_commits);
+		ret = update_cowonly_root(trans, root);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	/* Now flush any delayed refs generated by updating all of the roots */
+	ret = btrfs_run_delayed_refs(trans, (unsigned long)-1);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	while (!list_empty(dirty_bgs) || !list_empty(io_bgs)) {
+		ret = btrfs_write_dirty_block_groups(trans);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		/*
+		 * We're writing the dirty block groups, which could generate
+		 * delayed refs, which could generate more dirty block groups,
+		 * so we want to keep this flushing in this loop to make sure
+		 * everything gets run.
+		 */
+		ret = btrfs_run_delayed_refs(trans, (unsigned long)-1);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (!list_empty(&fs_info->dirty_cowonly_roots))
+		goto again;
+
+	/* Update dev-replace pointer once everything is committed */
+	fs_info->dev_replace.committed_cursor_left =
+		fs_info->dev_replace.cursor_left_last_write_of_item;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If we had a pending drop we need to see if there are any others left in our
+ * dead roots list, and if not clear our bit and wake any waiters.
+ */
+void btrfs_maybe_wake_unfinished_drop(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We put the drop in progress roots at the front of the list, so if the
+	 * first entry doesn't have UNFINISHED_DROP set we can wake everybody
+	 * up.
+	 */
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	if (!list_empty(&fs_info->dead_roots)) {
+		struct btrfs_root *root = list_first_entry(&fs_info->dead_roots,
+							   struct btrfs_root,
+							   root_list);
+		if (test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_UNFINISHED_DROP, &root->state)) {
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	btrfs_wake_unfinished_drop(fs_info);
+}
+
+/*
+ * dead roots are old snapshots that need to be deleted.  This allocates
+ * a dirty root struct and adds it into the list of dead roots that need to
+ * be deleted
+ */
+void btrfs_add_dead_root(struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	if (list_empty(&root->root_list)) {
+		btrfs_grab_root(root);
+
+		/* We want to process the partially complete drops first. */
+		if (test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_UNFINISHED_DROP, &root->state))
+			list_add(&root->root_list, &fs_info->dead_roots);
+		else
+			list_add_tail(&root->root_list, &fs_info->dead_roots);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update each subvolume root and its relocation root, if it exists, in the tree
+ * of tree roots. Also free log roots if they exist.
+ */
+static noinline int commit_fs_roots(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_root *gang[8];
+	int i;
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point no one can be using this transaction to modify any tree
+	 * and no one can start another transaction to modify any tree either.
+	 */
+	ASSERT(trans->transaction->state == TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_DOING);
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+	while (1) {
+		ret = radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix,
+						 (void **)gang, 0,
+						 ARRAY_SIZE(gang),
+						 BTRFS_ROOT_TRANS_TAG);
+		if (ret == 0)
+			break;
+		for (i = 0; i < ret; i++) {
+			struct btrfs_root *root = gang[i];
+			int ret2;
+
+			/*
+			 * At this point we can neither have tasks logging inodes
+			 * from a root nor trying to commit a log tree.
+			 */
+			ASSERT(atomic_read(&root->log_writers) == 0);
+			ASSERT(atomic_read(&root->log_commit[0]) == 0);
+			ASSERT(atomic_read(&root->log_commit[1]) == 0);
+
+			radix_tree_tag_clear(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix,
+					(unsigned long)root->root_key.objectid,
+					BTRFS_ROOT_TRANS_TAG);
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+
+			btrfs_free_log(trans, root);
+			ret2 = btrfs_update_reloc_root(trans, root);
+			if (ret2)
+				return ret2;
+
+			/* see comments in should_cow_block() */
+			clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_FORCE_COW, &root->state);
+			smp_mb__after_atomic();
+
+			if (root->commit_root != root->node) {
+				list_add_tail(&root->dirty_list,
+					&trans->transaction->switch_commits);
+				btrfs_set_root_node(&root->root_item,
+						    root->node);
+			}
+
+			ret2 = btrfs_update_root(trans, fs_info->tree_root,
+						&root->root_key,
+						&root->root_item);
+			if (ret2)
+				return ret2;
+			spin_lock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+			btrfs_qgroup_free_meta_all_pertrans(root);
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * defrag a given btree.
+ * Every leaf in the btree is read and defragged.
+ */
+int btrfs_defrag_root(struct btrfs_root *root)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *info = root->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (test_and_set_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_DEFRAG_RUNNING, &root->state))
+		return 0;
+
+	while (1) {
+		trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 0);
+		if (IS_ERR(trans)) {
+			ret = PTR_ERR(trans);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		ret = btrfs_defrag_leaves(trans, root);
+
+		btrfs_end_transaction(trans);
+		btrfs_btree_balance_dirty(info);
+		cond_resched();
+
+		if (btrfs_fs_closing(info) || ret != -EAGAIN)
+			break;
+
+		if (btrfs_defrag_cancelled(info)) {
+			btrfs_debug(info, "defrag_root cancelled");
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_DEFRAG_RUNNING, &root->state);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Do all special snapshot related qgroup dirty hack.
+ *
+ * Will do all needed qgroup inherit and dirty hack like switch commit
+ * roots inside one transaction and write all btree into disk, to make
+ * qgroup works.
+ */
+static int qgroup_account_snapshot(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+				   struct btrfs_root *src,
+				   struct btrfs_root *parent,
+				   struct btrfs_qgroup_inherit *inherit,
+				   u64 dst_objectid)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = src->fs_info;
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * Save some performance in the case that qgroups are not
+	 * enabled. If this check races with the ioctl, rescan will
+	 * kick in anyway.
+	 */
+	if (!test_bit(BTRFS_FS_QUOTA_ENABLED, &fs_info->flags))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Ensure dirty @src will be committed.  Or, after coming
+	 * commit_fs_roots() and switch_commit_roots(), any dirty but not
+	 * recorded root will never be updated again, causing an outdated root
+	 * item.
+	 */
+	ret = record_root_in_trans(trans, src, 1);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * btrfs_qgroup_inherit relies on a consistent view of the usage for the
+	 * src root, so we must run the delayed refs here.
+	 *
+	 * However this isn't particularly fool proof, because there's no
+	 * synchronization keeping us from changing the tree after this point
+	 * before we do the qgroup_inherit, or even from making changes while
+	 * we're doing the qgroup_inherit.  But that's a problem for the future,
+	 * for now flush the delayed refs to narrow the race window where the
+	 * qgroup counters could end up wrong.
+	 */
+	ret = btrfs_run_delayed_refs(trans, (unsigned long)-1);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	ret = commit_fs_roots(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+	ret = btrfs_qgroup_account_extents(trans);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Now qgroup are all updated, we can inherit it to new qgroups */
+	ret = btrfs_qgroup_inherit(trans, src->root_key.objectid, dst_objectid,
+				   inherit);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we do a simplified commit transaction, which will:
+	 * 1) commit all subvolume and extent tree
+	 *    To ensure all subvolume and extent tree have a valid
+	 *    commit_root to accounting later insert_dir_item()
+	 * 2) write all btree blocks onto disk
+	 *    This is to make sure later btree modification will be cowed
+	 *    Or commit_root can be populated and cause wrong qgroup numbers
+	 * In this simplified commit, we don't really care about other trees
+	 * like chunk and root tree, as they won't affect qgroup.
+	 * And we don't write super to avoid half committed status.
+	 */
+	ret = commit_cowonly_roots(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+	switch_commit_roots(trans);
+	ret = btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		btrfs_handle_fs_error(fs_info, ret,
+			"Error while writing out transaction for qgroup");
+
+out:
+	/*
+	 * Force parent root to be updated, as we recorded it before so its
+	 * last_trans == cur_transid.
+	 * Or it won't be committed again onto disk after later
+	 * insert_dir_item()
+	 */
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = record_root_in_trans(trans, parent, 1);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * new snapshots need to be created at a very specific time in the
+ * transaction commit.  This does the actual creation.
+ *
+ * Note:
+ * If the error which may affect the commitment of the current transaction
+ * happens, we should return the error number. If the error which just affect
+ * the creation of the pending snapshots, just return 0.
+ */
+static noinline int create_pending_snapshot(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+				   struct btrfs_pending_snapshot *pending)
+{
+
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_key key;
+	struct btrfs_root_item *new_root_item;
+	struct btrfs_root *tree_root = fs_info->tree_root;
+	struct btrfs_root *root = pending->root;
+	struct btrfs_root *parent_root;
+	struct btrfs_block_rsv *rsv;
+	struct inode *parent_inode = pending->dir;
+	struct btrfs_path *path;
+	struct btrfs_dir_item *dir_item;
+	struct extent_buffer *tmp;
+	struct extent_buffer *old;
+	struct timespec64 cur_time;
+	int ret = 0;
+	u64 to_reserve = 0;
+	u64 index = 0;
+	u64 objectid;
+	u64 root_flags;
+	unsigned int nofs_flags;
+	struct fscrypt_name fname;
+
+	ASSERT(pending->path);
+	path = pending->path;
+
+	ASSERT(pending->root_item);
+	new_root_item = pending->root_item;
+
+	/*
+	 * We're inside a transaction and must make sure that any potential
+	 * allocations with GFP_KERNEL in fscrypt won't recurse back to
+	 * filesystem.
+	 */
+	nofs_flags = memalloc_nofs_save();
+	pending->error = fscrypt_setup_filename(parent_inode,
+						&pending->dentry->d_name, 0,
+						&fname);
+	memalloc_nofs_restore(nofs_flags);
+	if (pending->error)
+		goto free_pending;
+
+	pending->error = btrfs_get_free_objectid(tree_root, &objectid);
+	if (pending->error)
+		goto free_fname;
+
+	/*
+	 * Make qgroup to skip current new snapshot's qgroupid, as it is
+	 * accounted by later btrfs_qgroup_inherit().
+	 */
+	btrfs_set_skip_qgroup(trans, objectid);
+
+	btrfs_reloc_pre_snapshot(pending, &to_reserve);
+
+	if (to_reserve > 0) {
+		pending->error = btrfs_block_rsv_add(fs_info,
+						     &pending->block_rsv,
+						     to_reserve,
+						     BTRFS_RESERVE_NO_FLUSH);
+		if (pending->error)
+			goto clear_skip_qgroup;
+	}
+
+	key.objectid = objectid;
+	key.offset = (u64)-1;
+	key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;
+
+	rsv = trans->block_rsv;
+	trans->block_rsv = &pending->block_rsv;
+	trans->bytes_reserved = trans->block_rsv->reserved;
+	trace_btrfs_space_reservation(fs_info, "transaction",
+				      trans->transid,
+				      trans->bytes_reserved, 1);
+	parent_root = BTRFS_I(parent_inode)->root;
+	ret = record_root_in_trans(trans, parent_root, 0);
+	if (ret)
+		goto fail;
+	cur_time = current_time(parent_inode);
+
+	/*
+	 * insert the directory item
+	 */
+	ret = btrfs_set_inode_index(BTRFS_I(parent_inode), &index);
+	BUG_ON(ret); /* -ENOMEM */
+
+	/* check if there is a file/dir which has the same name. */
+	dir_item = btrfs_lookup_dir_item(NULL, parent_root, path,
+					 btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(parent_inode)),
+					 &fname.disk_name, 0);
+	if (dir_item != NULL && !IS_ERR(dir_item)) {
+		pending->error = -EEXIST;
+		goto dir_item_existed;
+	} else if (IS_ERR(dir_item)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(dir_item);
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	btrfs_release_path(path);
+
+	/*
+	 * pull in the delayed directory update
+	 * and the delayed inode item
+	 * otherwise we corrupt the FS during
+	 * snapshot
+	 */
+	ret = btrfs_run_delayed_items(trans);
+	if (ret) {	/* Transaction aborted */
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	ret = record_root_in_trans(trans, root, 0);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	btrfs_set_root_last_snapshot(&root->root_item, trans->transid);
+	memcpy(new_root_item, &root->root_item, sizeof(*new_root_item));
+	btrfs_check_and_init_root_item(new_root_item);
+
+	root_flags = btrfs_root_flags(new_root_item);
+	if (pending->readonly)
+		root_flags |= BTRFS_ROOT_SUBVOL_RDONLY;
+	else
+		root_flags &= ~BTRFS_ROOT_SUBVOL_RDONLY;
+	btrfs_set_root_flags(new_root_item, root_flags);
+
+	btrfs_set_root_generation_v2(new_root_item,
+			trans->transid);
+	generate_random_guid(new_root_item->uuid);
+	memcpy(new_root_item->parent_uuid, root->root_item.uuid,
+			BTRFS_UUID_SIZE);
+	if (!(root_flags & BTRFS_ROOT_SUBVOL_RDONLY)) {
+		memset(new_root_item->received_uuid, 0,
+		       sizeof(new_root_item->received_uuid));
+		memset(&new_root_item->stime, 0, sizeof(new_root_item->stime));
+		memset(&new_root_item->rtime, 0, sizeof(new_root_item->rtime));
+		btrfs_set_root_stransid(new_root_item, 0);
+		btrfs_set_root_rtransid(new_root_item, 0);
+	}
+	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_sec(&new_root_item->otime, cur_time.tv_sec);
+	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_nsec(&new_root_item->otime, cur_time.tv_nsec);
+	btrfs_set_root_otransid(new_root_item, trans->transid);
+
+	old = btrfs_lock_root_node(root);
+	ret = btrfs_cow_block(trans, root, old, NULL, 0, &old,
+			      BTRFS_NESTING_COW);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_tree_unlock(old);
+		free_extent_buffer(old);
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_copy_root(trans, root, old, &tmp, objectid);
+	/* clean up in any case */
+	btrfs_tree_unlock(old);
+	free_extent_buffer(old);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	/* see comments in should_cow_block() */
+	set_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_FORCE_COW, &root->state);
+	smp_wmb();
+
+	btrfs_set_root_node(new_root_item, tmp);
+	/* record when the snapshot was created in key.offset */
+	key.offset = trans->transid;
+	ret = btrfs_insert_root(trans, tree_root, &key, new_root_item);
+	btrfs_tree_unlock(tmp);
+	free_extent_buffer(tmp);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * insert root back/forward references
+	 */
+	ret = btrfs_add_root_ref(trans, objectid,
+				 parent_root->root_key.objectid,
+				 btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(parent_inode)), index,
+				 &fname.disk_name);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	key.offset = (u64)-1;
+	pending->snap = btrfs_get_new_fs_root(fs_info, objectid, pending->anon_dev);
+	if (IS_ERR(pending->snap)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(pending->snap);
+		pending->snap = NULL;
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_reloc_post_snapshot(trans, pending);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Do special qgroup accounting for snapshot, as we do some qgroup
+	 * snapshot hack to do fast snapshot.
+	 * To co-operate with that hack, we do hack again.
+	 * Or snapshot will be greatly slowed down by a subtree qgroup rescan
+	 */
+	ret = qgroup_account_snapshot(trans, root, parent_root,
+				      pending->inherit, objectid);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto fail;
+
+	ret = btrfs_insert_dir_item(trans, &fname.disk_name,
+				    BTRFS_I(parent_inode), &key, BTRFS_FT_DIR,
+				    index);
+	/* We have check then name at the beginning, so it is impossible. */
+	BUG_ON(ret == -EEXIST || ret == -EOVERFLOW);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	btrfs_i_size_write(BTRFS_I(parent_inode), parent_inode->i_size +
+						  fname.disk_name.len * 2);
+	parent_inode->i_mtime = current_time(parent_inode);
+	parent_inode->i_ctime = parent_inode->i_mtime;
+	ret = btrfs_update_inode_fallback(trans, parent_root, BTRFS_I(parent_inode));
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	ret = btrfs_uuid_tree_add(trans, new_root_item->uuid,
+				  BTRFS_UUID_KEY_SUBVOL,
+				  objectid);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	if (!btrfs_is_empty_uuid(new_root_item->received_uuid)) {
+		ret = btrfs_uuid_tree_add(trans, new_root_item->received_uuid,
+					  BTRFS_UUID_KEY_RECEIVED_SUBVOL,
+					  objectid);
+		if (ret && ret != -EEXIST) {
+			btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+			goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+
+fail:
+	pending->error = ret;
+dir_item_existed:
+	trans->block_rsv = rsv;
+	trans->bytes_reserved = 0;
+clear_skip_qgroup:
+	btrfs_clear_skip_qgroup(trans);
+free_fname:
+	fscrypt_free_filename(&fname);
+free_pending:
+	kfree(new_root_item);
+	pending->root_item = NULL;
+	btrfs_free_path(path);
+	pending->path = NULL;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * create all the snapshots we've scheduled for creation
+ */
+static noinline int create_pending_snapshots(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_pending_snapshot *pending, *next;
+	struct list_head *head = &trans->transaction->pending_snapshots;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(pending, next, head, list) {
+		list_del(&pending->list);
+		ret = create_pending_snapshot(trans, pending);
+		if (ret)
+			break;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void update_super_roots(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	struct btrfs_root_item *root_item;
+	struct btrfs_super_block *super;
+
+	super = fs_info->super_copy;
+
+	root_item = &fs_info->chunk_root->root_item;
+	super->chunk_root = root_item->bytenr;
+	super->chunk_root_generation = root_item->generation;
+	super->chunk_root_level = root_item->level;
+
+	root_item = &fs_info->tree_root->root_item;
+	super->root = root_item->bytenr;
+	super->generation = root_item->generation;
+	super->root_level = root_item->level;
+	if (btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, SPACE_CACHE))
+		super->cache_generation = root_item->generation;
+	else if (test_bit(BTRFS_FS_CLEANUP_SPACE_CACHE_V1, &fs_info->flags))
+		super->cache_generation = 0;
+	if (test_bit(BTRFS_FS_UPDATE_UUID_TREE_GEN, &fs_info->flags))
+		super->uuid_tree_generation = root_item->generation;
+}
+
+int btrfs_transaction_in_commit(struct btrfs_fs_info *info)
+{
+	struct btrfs_transaction *trans;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	spin_lock(&info->trans_lock);
+	trans = info->running_transaction;
+	if (trans)
+		ret = (trans->state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START);
+	spin_unlock(&info->trans_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int btrfs_transaction_blocked(struct btrfs_fs_info *info)
+{
+	struct btrfs_transaction *trans;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	spin_lock(&info->trans_lock);
+	trans = info->running_transaction;
+	if (trans)
+		ret = is_transaction_blocked(trans);
+	spin_unlock(&info->trans_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void btrfs_commit_transaction_async(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans;
+
+	/* Kick the transaction kthread. */
+	set_bit(BTRFS_FS_COMMIT_TRANS, &fs_info->flags);
+	wake_up_process(fs_info->transaction_kthread);
+
+	/* take transaction reference */
+	cur_trans = trans->transaction;
+	refcount_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
+
+	btrfs_end_transaction(trans);
+
+	/*
+	 * Wait for the current transaction commit to start and block
+	 * subsequent transaction joins
+	 */
+	btrfs_might_wait_for_state(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMMIT_START);
+	wait_event(fs_info->transaction_blocked_wait,
+		   cur_trans->state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START ||
+		   TRANS_ABORTED(cur_trans));
+	btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+}
+
+static void cleanup_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, int err)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = trans->transaction;
+
+	WARN_ON(refcount_read(&trans->use_count) > 1);
+
+	btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, err);
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the transaction is removed from the list, it means this
+	 * transaction has been committed successfully, so it is impossible
+	 * to call the cleanup function.
+	 */
+	BUG_ON(list_empty(&cur_trans->list));
+
+	if (cur_trans == fs_info->running_transaction) {
+		cur_trans->state = TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_DOING;
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+		/*
+		 * The thread has already released the lockdep map as reader
+		 * already in btrfs_commit_transaction().
+		 */
+		btrfs_might_wait_for_event(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+		wait_event(cur_trans->writer_wait,
+			   atomic_read(&cur_trans->num_writers) == 1);
+
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now that we know no one else is still using the transaction we can
+	 * remove the transaction from the list of transactions. This avoids
+	 * the transaction kthread from cleaning up the transaction while some
+	 * other task is still using it, which could result in a use-after-free
+	 * on things like log trees, as it forces the transaction kthread to
+	 * wait for this transaction to be cleaned up by us.
+	 */
+	list_del_init(&cur_trans->list);
+
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(trans->transaction, fs_info);
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	if (cur_trans == fs_info->running_transaction)
+		fs_info->running_transaction = NULL;
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	if (trans->type & __TRANS_FREEZABLE)
+		sb_end_intwrite(fs_info->sb);
+	btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+	btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+
+	trace_btrfs_transaction_commit(fs_info);
+
+	if (current->journal_info == trans)
+		current->journal_info = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * If relocation is running, we can't cancel scrub because that will
+	 * result in a deadlock. Before relocating a block group, relocation
+	 * pauses scrub, then starts and commits a transaction before unpausing
+	 * scrub. If the transaction commit is being done by the relocation
+	 * task or triggered by another task and the relocation task is waiting
+	 * for the commit, and we end up here due to an error in the commit
+	 * path, then calling btrfs_scrub_cancel() will deadlock, as we are
+	 * asking for scrub to stop while having it asked to be paused higher
+	 * above in relocation code.
+	 */
+	if (!test_bit(BTRFS_FS_RELOC_RUNNING, &fs_info->flags))
+		btrfs_scrub_cancel(fs_info);
+
+	kmem_cache_free(btrfs_trans_handle_cachep, trans);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Release reserved delayed ref space of all pending block groups of the
+ * transaction and remove them from the list
+ */
+static void btrfs_cleanup_pending_block_groups(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+       struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+       struct btrfs_block_group *block_group, *tmp;
+
+       list_for_each_entry_safe(block_group, tmp, &trans->new_bgs, bg_list) {
+               btrfs_delayed_refs_rsv_release(fs_info, 1);
+               list_del_init(&block_group->bg_list);
+       }
+}
+
+static inline int btrfs_start_delalloc_flush(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We use try_to_writeback_inodes_sb() here because if we used
+	 * btrfs_start_delalloc_roots we would deadlock with fs freeze.
+	 * Currently are holding the fs freeze lock, if we do an async flush
+	 * we'll do btrfs_join_transaction() and deadlock because we need to
+	 * wait for the fs freeze lock.  Using the direct flushing we benefit
+	 * from already being in a transaction and our join_transaction doesn't
+	 * have to re-take the fs freeze lock.
+	 *
+	 * Note that try_to_writeback_inodes_sb() will only trigger writeback
+	 * if it can read lock sb->s_umount. It will always be able to lock it,
+	 * except when the filesystem is being unmounted or being frozen, but in
+	 * those cases sync_filesystem() is called, which results in calling
+	 * writeback_inodes_sb() while holding a write lock on sb->s_umount.
+	 * Note that we don't call writeback_inodes_sb() directly, because it
+	 * will emit a warning if sb->s_umount is not locked.
+	 */
+	if (btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, FLUSHONCOMMIT))
+		try_to_writeback_inodes_sb(fs_info->sb, WB_REASON_SYNC);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline void btrfs_wait_delalloc_flush(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	if (btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, FLUSHONCOMMIT))
+		btrfs_wait_ordered_roots(fs_info, U64_MAX, 0, (u64)-1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add a pending snapshot associated with the given transaction handle to the
+ * respective handle. This must be called after the transaction commit started
+ * and while holding fs_info->trans_lock.
+ * This serves to guarantee a caller of btrfs_commit_transaction() that it can
+ * safely free the pending snapshot pointer in case btrfs_commit_transaction()
+ * returns an error.
+ */
+static void add_pending_snapshot(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = trans->transaction;
+
+	if (!trans->pending_snapshot)
+		return;
+
+	lockdep_assert_held(&trans->fs_info->trans_lock);
+	ASSERT(cur_trans->state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START);
+
+	list_add(&trans->pending_snapshot->list, &cur_trans->pending_snapshots);
+}
+
+static void update_commit_stats(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, ktime_t interval)
+{
+	fs_info->commit_stats.commit_count++;
+	fs_info->commit_stats.last_commit_dur = interval;
+	fs_info->commit_stats.max_commit_dur =
+			max_t(u64, fs_info->commit_stats.max_commit_dur, interval);
+	fs_info->commit_stats.total_commit_dur += interval;
+}
+
+int btrfs_commit_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans = trans->transaction;
+	struct btrfs_transaction *prev_trans = NULL;
+	int ret;
+	ktime_t start_time;
+	ktime_t interval;
+
+	ASSERT(refcount_read(&trans->use_count) == 1);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_acquire(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMMIT_START);
+
+	/* Stop the commit early if ->aborted is set */
+	if (TRANS_ABORTED(cur_trans)) {
+		ret = cur_trans->aborted;
+		goto lockdep_trans_commit_start_release;
+	}
+
+	btrfs_trans_release_metadata(trans);
+	trans->block_rsv = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * We only want one transaction commit doing the flushing so we do not
+	 * waste a bunch of time on lock contention on the extent root node.
+	 */
+	if (!test_and_set_bit(BTRFS_DELAYED_REFS_FLUSHING,
+			      &cur_trans->delayed_refs.flags)) {
+		/*
+		 * Make a pass through all the delayed refs we have so far.
+		 * Any running threads may add more while we are here.
+		 */
+		ret = btrfs_run_delayed_refs(trans, 0);
+		if (ret)
+			goto lockdep_trans_commit_start_release;
+	}
+
+	btrfs_create_pending_block_groups(trans);
+
+	if (!test_bit(BTRFS_TRANS_DIRTY_BG_RUN, &cur_trans->flags)) {
+		int run_it = 0;
+
+		/* this mutex is also taken before trying to set
+		 * block groups readonly.  We need to make sure
+		 * that nobody has set a block group readonly
+		 * after a extents from that block group have been
+		 * allocated for cache files.  btrfs_set_block_group_ro
+		 * will wait for the transaction to commit if it
+		 * finds BTRFS_TRANS_DIRTY_BG_RUN set.
+		 *
+		 * The BTRFS_TRANS_DIRTY_BG_RUN flag is also used to make sure
+		 * only one process starts all the block group IO.  It wouldn't
+		 * hurt to have more than one go through, but there's no
+		 * real advantage to it either.
+		 */
+		mutex_lock(&fs_info->ro_block_group_mutex);
+		if (!test_and_set_bit(BTRFS_TRANS_DIRTY_BG_RUN,
+				      &cur_trans->flags))
+			run_it = 1;
+		mutex_unlock(&fs_info->ro_block_group_mutex);
+
+		if (run_it) {
+			ret = btrfs_start_dirty_block_groups(trans);
+			if (ret)
+				goto lockdep_trans_commit_start_release;
+		}
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	if (cur_trans->state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START) {
+		enum btrfs_trans_state want_state = TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED;
+
+		add_pending_snapshot(trans);
+
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		refcount_inc(&cur_trans->use_count);
+
+		if (trans->in_fsync)
+			want_state = TRANS_STATE_SUPER_COMMITTED;
+
+		btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info,
+						  BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMMIT_START);
+		ret = btrfs_end_transaction(trans);
+		wait_for_commit(cur_trans, want_state);
+
+		if (TRANS_ABORTED(cur_trans))
+			ret = cur_trans->aborted;
+
+		btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	cur_trans->state = TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START;
+	wake_up(&fs_info->transaction_blocked_wait);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMMIT_START);
+
+	if (cur_trans->list.prev != &fs_info->trans_list) {
+		enum btrfs_trans_state want_state = TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED;
+
+		if (trans->in_fsync)
+			want_state = TRANS_STATE_SUPER_COMMITTED;
+
+		prev_trans = list_entry(cur_trans->list.prev,
+					struct btrfs_transaction, list);
+		if (prev_trans->state < want_state) {
+			refcount_inc(&prev_trans->use_count);
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+			wait_for_commit(prev_trans, want_state);
+
+			ret = READ_ONCE(prev_trans->aborted);
+
+			btrfs_put_transaction(prev_trans);
+			if (ret)
+				goto lockdep_release;
+		} else {
+			spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		}
+	} else {
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		/*
+		 * The previous transaction was aborted and was already removed
+		 * from the list of transactions at fs_info->trans_list. So we
+		 * abort to prevent writing a new superblock that reflects a
+		 * corrupt state (pointing to trees with unwritten nodes/leafs).
+		 */
+		if (BTRFS_FS_ERROR(fs_info)) {
+			ret = -EROFS;
+			goto lockdep_release;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the time spent on the work done by the commit thread and not
+	 * the time spent waiting on a previous commit
+	 */
+	start_time = ktime_get_ns();
+
+	extwriter_counter_dec(cur_trans, trans->type);
+
+	ret = btrfs_start_delalloc_flush(fs_info);
+	if (ret)
+		goto lockdep_release;
+
+	ret = btrfs_run_delayed_items(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		goto lockdep_release;
+
+	/*
+	 * The thread has started/joined the transaction thus it holds the
+	 * lockdep map as a reader. It has to release it before acquiring the
+	 * lockdep map as a writer.
+	 */
+	btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_extwriters);
+	btrfs_might_wait_for_event(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_extwriters);
+	wait_event(cur_trans->writer_wait,
+		   extwriter_counter_read(cur_trans) == 0);
+
+	/* some pending stuffs might be added after the previous flush. */
+	ret = btrfs_run_delayed_items(trans);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+		goto cleanup_transaction;
+	}
+
+	btrfs_wait_delalloc_flush(fs_info);
+
+	/*
+	 * Wait for all ordered extents started by a fast fsync that joined this
+	 * transaction. Otherwise if this transaction commits before the ordered
+	 * extents complete we lose logged data after a power failure.
+	 */
+	btrfs_might_wait_for_event(fs_info, btrfs_trans_pending_ordered);
+	wait_event(cur_trans->pending_wait,
+		   atomic_read(&cur_trans->pending_ordered) == 0);
+
+	btrfs_scrub_pause(fs_info);
+	/*
+	 * Ok now we need to make sure to block out any other joins while we
+	 * commit the transaction.  We could have started a join before setting
+	 * COMMIT_DOING so make sure to wait for num_writers to == 1 again.
+	 */
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	add_pending_snapshot(trans);
+	cur_trans->state = TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_DOING;
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * The thread has started/joined the transaction thus it holds the
+	 * lockdep map as a reader. It has to release it before acquiring the
+	 * lockdep map as a writer.
+	 */
+	btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+	btrfs_might_wait_for_event(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+	wait_event(cur_trans->writer_wait,
+		   atomic_read(&cur_trans->num_writers) == 1);
+
+	/*
+	 * Make lockdep happy by acquiring the state locks after
+	 * btrfs_trans_num_writers is released. If we acquired the state locks
+	 * before releasing the btrfs_trans_num_writers lock then lockdep would
+	 * complain because we did not follow the reverse order unlocking rule.
+	 */
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_acquire(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMPLETED);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_acquire(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_SUPER_COMMITTED);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_acquire(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_UNBLOCKED);
+
+	/*
+	 * We've started the commit, clear the flag in case we were triggered to
+	 * do an async commit but somebody else started before the transaction
+	 * kthread could do the work.
+	 */
+	clear_bit(BTRFS_FS_COMMIT_TRANS, &fs_info->flags);
+
+	if (TRANS_ABORTED(cur_trans)) {
+		ret = cur_trans->aborted;
+		btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_UNBLOCKED);
+		goto scrub_continue;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * the reloc mutex makes sure that we stop
+	 * the balancing code from coming in and moving
+	 * extents around in the middle of the commit
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&fs_info->reloc_mutex);
+
+	/*
+	 * We needn't worry about the delayed items because we will
+	 * deal with them in create_pending_snapshot(), which is the
+	 * core function of the snapshot creation.
+	 */
+	ret = create_pending_snapshots(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		goto unlock_reloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * We insert the dir indexes of the snapshots and update the inode
+	 * of the snapshots' parents after the snapshot creation, so there
+	 * are some delayed items which are not dealt with. Now deal with
+	 * them.
+	 *
+	 * We needn't worry that this operation will corrupt the snapshots,
+	 * because all the tree which are snapshoted will be forced to COW
+	 * the nodes and leaves.
+	 */
+	ret = btrfs_run_delayed_items(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		goto unlock_reloc;
+
+	ret = btrfs_run_delayed_refs(trans, (unsigned long)-1);
+	if (ret)
+		goto unlock_reloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * make sure none of the code above managed to slip in a
+	 * delayed item
+	 */
+	btrfs_assert_delayed_root_empty(fs_info);
+
+	WARN_ON(cur_trans != trans->transaction);
+
+	ret = commit_fs_roots(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		goto unlock_reloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * Since the transaction is done, we can apply the pending changes
+	 * before the next transaction.
+	 */
+	btrfs_apply_pending_changes(fs_info);
+
+	/* commit_fs_roots gets rid of all the tree log roots, it is now
+	 * safe to free the root of tree log roots
+	 */
+	btrfs_free_log_root_tree(trans, fs_info);
+
+	/*
+	 * Since fs roots are all committed, we can get a quite accurate
+	 * new_roots. So let's do quota accounting.
+	 */
+	ret = btrfs_qgroup_account_extents(trans);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto unlock_reloc;
+
+	ret = commit_cowonly_roots(trans);
+	if (ret)
+		goto unlock_reloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * The tasks which save the space cache and inode cache may also
+	 * update ->aborted, check it.
+	 */
+	if (TRANS_ABORTED(cur_trans)) {
+		ret = cur_trans->aborted;
+		goto unlock_reloc;
+	}
+
+	cur_trans = fs_info->running_transaction;
+
+	btrfs_set_root_node(&fs_info->tree_root->root_item,
+			    fs_info->tree_root->node);
+	list_add_tail(&fs_info->tree_root->dirty_list,
+		      &cur_trans->switch_commits);
+
+	btrfs_set_root_node(&fs_info->chunk_root->root_item,
+			    fs_info->chunk_root->node);
+	list_add_tail(&fs_info->chunk_root->dirty_list,
+		      &cur_trans->switch_commits);
+
+	if (btrfs_fs_incompat(fs_info, EXTENT_TREE_V2)) {
+		btrfs_set_root_node(&fs_info->block_group_root->root_item,
+				    fs_info->block_group_root->node);
+		list_add_tail(&fs_info->block_group_root->dirty_list,
+			      &cur_trans->switch_commits);
+	}
+
+	switch_commit_roots(trans);
+
+	ASSERT(list_empty(&cur_trans->dirty_bgs));
+	ASSERT(list_empty(&cur_trans->io_bgs));
+	update_super_roots(fs_info);
+
+	btrfs_set_super_log_root(fs_info->super_copy, 0);
+	btrfs_set_super_log_root_level(fs_info->super_copy, 0);
+	memcpy(fs_info->super_for_commit, fs_info->super_copy,
+	       sizeof(*fs_info->super_copy));
+
+	btrfs_commit_device_sizes(cur_trans);
+
+	clear_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG1_ERR, &fs_info->flags);
+	clear_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG2_ERR, &fs_info->flags);
+
+	btrfs_trans_release_chunk_metadata(trans);
+
+	/*
+	 * Before changing the transaction state to TRANS_STATE_UNBLOCKED and
+	 * setting fs_info->running_transaction to NULL, lock tree_log_mutex to
+	 * make sure that before we commit our superblock, no other task can
+	 * start a new transaction and commit a log tree before we commit our
+	 * superblock. Anyone trying to commit a log tree locks this mutex before
+	 * writing its superblock.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&fs_info->tree_log_mutex);
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	cur_trans->state = TRANS_STATE_UNBLOCKED;
+	fs_info->running_transaction = NULL;
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&fs_info->reloc_mutex);
+
+	wake_up(&fs_info->transaction_wait);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_UNBLOCKED);
+
+	ret = btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction(trans);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_handle_fs_error(fs_info, ret,
+				      "Error while writing out transaction");
+		mutex_unlock(&fs_info->tree_log_mutex);
+		goto scrub_continue;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point, we should have written all the tree blocks allocated
+	 * in this transaction. So it's now safe to free the redirtyied extent
+	 * buffers.
+	 */
+	btrfs_free_redirty_list(cur_trans);
+
+	ret = write_all_supers(fs_info, 0);
+	/*
+	 * the super is written, we can safely allow the tree-loggers
+	 * to go about their business
+	 */
+	mutex_unlock(&fs_info->tree_log_mutex);
+	if (ret)
+		goto scrub_continue;
+
+	/*
+	 * We needn't acquire the lock here because there is no other task
+	 * which can change it.
+	 */
+	cur_trans->state = TRANS_STATE_SUPER_COMMITTED;
+	wake_up(&cur_trans->commit_wait);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_SUPER_COMMITTED);
+
+	btrfs_finish_extent_commit(trans);
+
+	if (test_bit(BTRFS_TRANS_HAVE_FREE_BGS, &cur_trans->flags))
+		btrfs_clear_space_info_full(fs_info);
+
+	fs_info->last_trans_committed = cur_trans->transid;
+	/*
+	 * We needn't acquire the lock here because there is no other task
+	 * which can change it.
+	 */
+	cur_trans->state = TRANS_STATE_COMPLETED;
+	wake_up(&cur_trans->commit_wait);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMPLETED);
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	list_del_init(&cur_trans->list);
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+	btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
+
+	if (trans->type & __TRANS_FREEZABLE)
+		sb_end_intwrite(fs_info->sb);
+
+	trace_btrfs_transaction_commit(fs_info);
+
+	interval = ktime_get_ns() - start_time;
+
+	btrfs_scrub_continue(fs_info);
+
+	if (current->journal_info == trans)
+		current->journal_info = NULL;
+
+	kmem_cache_free(btrfs_trans_handle_cachep, trans);
+
+	update_commit_stats(fs_info, interval);
+
+	return ret;
+
+unlock_reloc:
+	mutex_unlock(&fs_info->reloc_mutex);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_UNBLOCKED);
+scrub_continue:
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_SUPER_COMMITTED);
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMPLETED);
+	btrfs_scrub_continue(fs_info);
+cleanup_transaction:
+	btrfs_trans_release_metadata(trans);
+	btrfs_cleanup_pending_block_groups(trans);
+	btrfs_trans_release_chunk_metadata(trans);
+	trans->block_rsv = NULL;
+	btrfs_warn(fs_info, "Skipping commit of aborted transaction.");
+	if (current->journal_info == trans)
+		current->journal_info = NULL;
+	cleanup_transaction(trans, ret);
+
+	return ret;
+
+lockdep_release:
+	btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_extwriters);
+	btrfs_lockdep_release(fs_info, btrfs_trans_num_writers);
+	goto cleanup_transaction;
+
+lockdep_trans_commit_start_release:
+	btrfs_trans_state_lockdep_release(fs_info, BTRFS_LOCKDEP_TRANS_COMMIT_START);
+	btrfs_end_transaction(trans);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * return < 0 if error
+ * 0 if there are no more dead_roots at the time of call
+ * 1 there are more to be processed, call me again
+ *
+ * The return value indicates there are certainly more snapshots to delete, but
+ * if there comes a new one during processing, it may return 0. We don't mind,
+ * because btrfs_commit_super will poke cleaner thread and it will process it a
+ * few seconds later.
+ */
+int btrfs_clean_one_deleted_snapshot(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	struct btrfs_root *root;
+	int ret;
+
+	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+	if (list_empty(&fs_info->dead_roots)) {
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	root = list_first_entry(&fs_info->dead_roots,
+			struct btrfs_root, root_list);
+	list_del_init(&root->root_list);
+	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+
+	btrfs_debug(fs_info, "cleaner removing %llu", root->root_key.objectid);
+
+	btrfs_kill_all_delayed_nodes(root);
+
+	if (btrfs_header_backref_rev(root->node) <
+			BTRFS_MIXED_BACKREF_REV)
+		ret = btrfs_drop_snapshot(root, 0, 0);
+	else
+		ret = btrfs_drop_snapshot(root, 1, 0);
+
+	btrfs_put_root(root);
+	return (ret < 0) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+void btrfs_apply_pending_changes(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	unsigned long prev;
+	unsigned long bit;
+
+	prev = xchg(&fs_info->pending_changes, 0);
+	if (!prev)
+		return;
+
+	bit = 1 << BTRFS_PENDING_COMMIT;
+	if (prev & bit)
+		btrfs_debug(fs_info, "pending commit done");
+	prev &= ~bit;
+
+	if (prev)
+		btrfs_warn(fs_info,
+			"unknown pending changes left 0x%lx, ignoring", prev);
+}