Adding upstream version 6.1.76.upstream/6.1.76

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2260 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c70c3ac4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2260 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ *  ALSA driver for Echoaudio soundcards.
+ *  Copyright (C) 2003-2004 Giuliano Pochini <pochini@shiny.it>
+ *  Copyright (C) 2020 Mark Hills <mark@xwax.org>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Giuliano Pochini <pochini@shiny.it>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Echoaudio " ECHOCARD_NAME " soundcards driver");
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, snd_echo_ids);
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " ECHOCARD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " ECHOCARD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " ECHOCARD_NAME " soundcard.");
+
+static const unsigned int channels_list[10] = {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 999999};
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_output_gain, -12800, 100, 1);
+
+
+
+static int get_firmware(const struct firmware **fw_entry,
+			struct echoaudio *chip, const short fw_index)
+{
+	int err;
+	char name[30];
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	if (chip->fw_cache[fw_index]) {
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"firmware requested: %s is cached\n",
+			card_fw[fw_index].data);
+		*fw_entry = chip->fw_cache[fw_index];
+		return 0;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"firmware requested: %s\n", card_fw[fw_index].data);
+	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "ea/%s", card_fw[fw_index].data);
+	err = request_firmware(fw_entry, name, &chip->pci->dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"get_firmware(): Firmware not available (%d)\n", err);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	else
+		chip->fw_cache[fw_index] = *fw_entry;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+
+
+static void free_firmware(const struct firmware *fw_entry,
+			  struct echoaudio *chip)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "firmware not released (kept in cache)\n");
+#else
+	release_firmware(fw_entry);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+
+static void free_firmware_cache(struct echoaudio *chip)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 8 ; i++)
+		if (chip->fw_cache[i]) {
+			release_firmware(chip->fw_cache[i]);
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "release_firmware(%d)\n", i);
+		}
+
+#endif
+}
+
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+	PCM interface
+******************************************************************************/
+
+static void audiopipe_free(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	struct audiopipe *pipe = runtime->private_data;
+
+	if (pipe->sgpage.area)
+		snd_dma_free_pages(&pipe->sgpage);
+	kfree(pipe);
+}
+
+
+
+static int hw_rule_capture_format_by_channels(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					      struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *c = hw_param_interval(params,
+						   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+	struct snd_mask *f = hw_param_mask(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT);
+	struct snd_mask fmt;
+
+	snd_mask_any(&fmt);
+
+#ifndef ECHOCARD_HAS_STEREO_BIG_ENDIAN32
+	/* >=2 channels cannot be S32_BE */
+	if (c->min == 2) {
+		fmt.bits[0] &= ~SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE;
+		return snd_mask_refine(f, &fmt);
+	}
+#endif
+	/* > 2 channels cannot be U8 and S32_BE */
+	if (c->min > 2) {
+		fmt.bits[0] &= ~(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE);
+		return snd_mask_refine(f, &fmt);
+	}
+	/* Mono is ok with any format */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static int hw_rule_capture_channels_by_format(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					      struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *c = hw_param_interval(params,
+						   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+	struct snd_mask *f = hw_param_mask(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT);
+	struct snd_interval ch;
+
+	snd_interval_any(&ch);
+
+	/* S32_BE is mono (and stereo) only */
+	if (f->bits[0] == SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE) {
+		ch.min = 1;
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_STEREO_BIG_ENDIAN32
+		ch.max = 2;
+#else
+		ch.max = 1;
+#endif
+		ch.integer = 1;
+		return snd_interval_refine(c, &ch);
+	}
+	/* U8 can be only mono or stereo */
+	if (f->bits[0] == SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8) {
+		ch.min = 1;
+		ch.max = 2;
+		ch.integer = 1;
+		return snd_interval_refine(c, &ch);
+	}
+	/* S16_LE, S24_3LE and S32_LE support any number of channels. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static int hw_rule_playback_format_by_channels(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					       struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *c = hw_param_interval(params,
+						   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+	struct snd_mask *f = hw_param_mask(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT);
+	struct snd_mask fmt;
+	u64 fmask;
+	snd_mask_any(&fmt);
+
+	fmask = fmt.bits[0] + ((u64)fmt.bits[1] << 32);
+
+	/* >2 channels must be S16_LE, S24_3LE or S32_LE */
+	if (c->min > 2) {
+		fmask &= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
+			 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE |
+			 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE;
+	/* 1 channel must be S32_BE or S32_LE */
+	} else if (c->max == 1)
+		fmask &= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE;
+#ifndef ECHOCARD_HAS_STEREO_BIG_ENDIAN32
+	/* 2 channels cannot be S32_BE */
+	else if (c->min == 2 && c->max == 2)
+		fmask &= ~SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE;
+#endif
+	else
+		return 0;
+
+	fmt.bits[0] &= (u32)fmask;
+	fmt.bits[1] &= (u32)(fmask >> 32);
+	return snd_mask_refine(f, &fmt);
+}
+
+
+
+static int hw_rule_playback_channels_by_format(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					       struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *c = hw_param_interval(params,
+						   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+	struct snd_mask *f = hw_param_mask(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT);
+	struct snd_interval ch;
+	u64 fmask;
+
+	snd_interval_any(&ch);
+	ch.integer = 1;
+	fmask = f->bits[0] + ((u64)f->bits[1] << 32);
+
+	/* S32_BE is mono (and stereo) only */
+	if (fmask == SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE) {
+		ch.min = 1;
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_STEREO_BIG_ENDIAN32
+		ch.max = 2;
+#else
+		ch.max = 1;
+#endif
+	/* U8 is stereo only */
+	} else if (fmask == SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8)
+		ch.min = ch.max = 2;
+	/* S16_LE and S24_3LE must be at least stereo */
+	else if (!(fmask & ~(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
+			       SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE)))
+		ch.min = 2;
+	else
+		return 0;
+
+	return snd_interval_refine(c, &ch);
+}
+
+
+
+/* Since the sample rate is a global setting, do allow the user to change the
+sample rate only if there is only one pcm device open. */
+static int hw_rule_sample_rate(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+			       struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *rate = hw_param_interval(params,
+						      SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE);
+	struct echoaudio *chip = rule->private;
+	struct snd_interval fixed;
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+
+	if (chip->can_set_rate) {
+		err = 0;
+	} else {
+		snd_interval_any(&fixed);
+		fixed.min = fixed.max = chip->sample_rate;
+		err = snd_interval_refine(rate, &fixed);
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+
+static int pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+		    signed char max_channels)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	struct audiopipe *pipe;
+	int err, i;
+
+	if (max_channels <= 0)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+
+	chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	pipe = kzalloc(sizeof(struct audiopipe), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!pipe)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	pipe->index = -1;		/* Not configured yet */
+
+	/* Set up hw capabilities and contraints */
+	memcpy(&pipe->hw, &pcm_hardware_skel, sizeof(struct snd_pcm_hardware));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "max_channels=%d\n", max_channels);
+	pipe->constr.list = channels_list;
+	pipe->constr.mask = 0;
+	for (i = 0; channels_list[i] <= max_channels; i++);
+	pipe->constr.count = i;
+	if (pipe->hw.channels_max > max_channels)
+		pipe->hw.channels_max = max_channels;
+	if (chip->digital_mode == DIGITAL_MODE_ADAT) {
+		pipe->hw.rate_max = 48000;
+		pipe->hw.rates &= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000;
+	}
+
+	runtime->hw = pipe->hw;
+	runtime->private_data = pipe;
+	runtime->private_free = audiopipe_free;
+	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
+
+	/* Only mono and any even number of channels are allowed */
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0,
+					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+					 &pipe->constr);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* All periods should have the same size */
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
+					    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* The hw accesses memory in chunks 32 frames long and they should be
+	32-bytes-aligned. It's not a requirement, but it seems that IRQs are
+	generated with a resolution of 32 frames. Thus we need the following */
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
+					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, 32);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
+					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 32);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				  hw_rule_sample_rate, chip,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Allocate a page for the scatter-gather list */
+	err = snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+				  &chip->pci->dev,
+				  PAGE_SIZE, &pipe->sgpage);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "s-g list allocation failed\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Sole ownership required to set the rate
+	 */
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "pcm_open opencount=%d can_set_rate=%d, rate_set=%d",
+		chip->opencount, chip->can_set_rate, chip->rate_set);
+
+	chip->opencount++;
+	if (chip->opencount > 1 && chip->rate_set)
+		chip->can_set_rate = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static int pcm_analog_in_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int err;
+
+	err = pcm_open(substream,
+		       num_analog_busses_in(chip) - substream->number);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  hw_rule_capture_channels_by_format, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  hw_rule_capture_format_by_channels, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static int pcm_analog_out_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int max_channels, err;
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER
+	max_channels = num_pipes_out(chip);
+#else
+	max_channels = num_analog_busses_out(chip);
+#endif
+	err = pcm_open(substream, max_channels - substream->number);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  hw_rule_playback_channels_by_format,
+				  NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  hw_rule_playback_format_by_channels,
+				  NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
+
+static int pcm_digital_in_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int err, max_channels;
+
+	max_channels = num_digital_busses_in(chip) - substream->number;
+	mutex_lock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	if (chip->digital_mode == DIGITAL_MODE_ADAT)
+		err = pcm_open(substream, max_channels);
+	else	/* If the card has ADAT, subtract the 6 channels
+		 * that S/PDIF doesn't have
+		 */
+		err = pcm_open(substream, max_channels - ECHOCARD_HAS_ADAT);
+
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto din_exit;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  hw_rule_capture_channels_by_format, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto din_exit;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  hw_rule_capture_format_by_channels, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto din_exit;
+
+din_exit:
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+
+
+#ifndef ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER	/* See the note in snd_echo_new_pcm() */
+
+static int pcm_digital_out_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int err, max_channels;
+
+	max_channels = num_digital_busses_out(chip) - substream->number;
+	mutex_lock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	if (chip->digital_mode == DIGITAL_MODE_ADAT)
+		err = pcm_open(substream, max_channels);
+	else	/* If the card has ADAT, subtract the 6 channels
+		 * that S/PDIF doesn't have
+		 */
+		err = pcm_open(substream, max_channels - ECHOCARD_HAS_ADAT);
+
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto dout_exit;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  hw_rule_playback_channels_by_format,
+				  NULL, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto dout_exit;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  hw_rule_playback_format_by_channels,
+				  NULL, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto dout_exit;
+
+dout_exit:
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+#endif /* !ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO */
+
+
+
+static int pcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	/* Nothing to do here. Audio is already off and pipe will be
+	 * freed by its callback
+	 */
+
+	mutex_lock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "pcm_open opencount=%d can_set_rate=%d, rate_set=%d",
+		chip->opencount, chip->can_set_rate, chip->rate_set);
+
+	chip->opencount--;
+
+	switch (chip->opencount) {
+	case 1:
+		chip->can_set_rate = 1;
+		break;
+
+	case 0:
+		chip->rate_set = 0;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+/* Channel allocation and scatter-gather list setup */
+static int init_engine(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+		       struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params,
+		       int pipe_index, int interleave)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int err, per, rest, page, edge, offs;
+	struct audiopipe *pipe;
+
+	chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	pipe = (struct audiopipe *) substream->runtime->private_data;
+
+	/* Sets up che hardware. If it's already initialized, reset and
+	 * redo with the new parameters
+	 */
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	if (pipe->index >= 0) {
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "hwp_ie free(%d)\n", pipe->index);
+		err = free_pipes(chip, pipe);
+		snd_BUG_ON(err);
+		chip->substream[pipe->index] = NULL;
+	}
+
+	err = allocate_pipes(chip, pipe, pipe_index, interleave);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "allocate_pipes(%d) err=%d\n",
+			pipe_index, err);
+		return err;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "allocate_pipes()=%d\n", pipe_index);
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"pcm_hw_params (bufsize=%dB periods=%d persize=%dB)\n",
+		params_buffer_bytes(hw_params), params_periods(hw_params),
+		params_period_bytes(hw_params));
+
+	sglist_init(chip, pipe);
+	edge = PAGE_SIZE;
+	for (offs = page = per = 0; offs < params_buffer_bytes(hw_params);
+	     per++) {
+		rest = params_period_bytes(hw_params);
+		if (offs + rest > params_buffer_bytes(hw_params))
+			rest = params_buffer_bytes(hw_params) - offs;
+		while (rest) {
+			dma_addr_t addr;
+			addr = snd_pcm_sgbuf_get_addr(substream, offs);
+			if (rest <= edge - offs) {
+				sglist_add_mapping(chip, pipe, addr, rest);
+				sglist_add_irq(chip, pipe);
+				offs += rest;
+				rest = 0;
+			} else {
+				sglist_add_mapping(chip, pipe, addr,
+						   edge - offs);
+				rest -= edge - offs;
+				offs = edge;
+			}
+			if (offs == edge) {
+				edge += PAGE_SIZE;
+				page++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Close the ring buffer */
+	sglist_wrap(chip, pipe);
+
+	/* This stuff is used by the irq handler, so it must be
+	 * initialized before chip->substream
+	 */
+	pipe->last_period = 0;
+	pipe->last_counter = 0;
+	pipe->position = 0;
+	smp_wmb();
+	chip->substream[pipe_index] = substream;
+	chip->rate_set = 1;
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	set_sample_rate(chip, hw_params->rate_num / hw_params->rate_den);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static int pcm_analog_in_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				   struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	return init_engine(substream, hw_params, px_analog_in(chip) +
+			substream->number, params_channels(hw_params));
+}
+
+
+
+static int pcm_analog_out_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	return init_engine(substream, hw_params, substream->number,
+			   params_channels(hw_params));
+}
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
+
+static int pcm_digital_in_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	return init_engine(substream, hw_params, px_digital_in(chip) +
+			substream->number, params_channels(hw_params));
+}
+
+
+
+#ifndef ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER	/* See the note in snd_echo_new_pcm() */
+static int pcm_digital_out_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				     struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	return init_engine(substream, hw_params, px_digital_out(chip) +
+			substream->number, params_channels(hw_params));
+}
+#endif /* !ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO */
+
+
+
+static int pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	struct audiopipe *pipe;
+
+	chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	pipe = (struct audiopipe *) substream->runtime->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	if (pipe->index >= 0) {
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "pcm_hw_free(%d)\n", pipe->index);
+		free_pipes(chip, pipe);
+		chip->substream[pipe->index] = NULL;
+		pipe->index = -1;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static int pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct audioformat format;
+	int pipe_index = ((struct audiopipe *)runtime->private_data)->index;
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Prepare rate=%d format=%d channels=%d\n",
+		runtime->rate, runtime->format, runtime->channels);
+	format.interleave = runtime->channels;
+	format.data_are_bigendian = 0;
+	format.mono_to_stereo = 0;
+	switch (runtime->format) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U8:
+		format.bits_per_sample = 8;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE:
+		format.bits_per_sample = 16;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE:
+		format.bits_per_sample = 24;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_BE:
+		format.data_are_bigendian = 1;
+		fallthrough;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE:
+		format.bits_per_sample = 32;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"Prepare error: unsupported format %d\n",
+			runtime->format);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(pipe_index >= px_num(chip)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * We passed checks we can do independently; now take
+	 * exclusive control
+	 */
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!is_pipe_allocated(chip, pipe_index))) {
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	set_audio_format(chip, pipe_index, &format);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static int pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct audiopipe *pipe;
+	int i, err;
+	u32 channelmask = 0;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *s;
+
+	snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+		for (i = 0; i < DSP_MAXPIPES; i++) {
+			if (s == chip->substream[i]) {
+				channelmask |= 1 << i;
+				snd_pcm_trigger_done(s, substream);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&chip->lock);
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
+		for (i = 0; i < DSP_MAXPIPES; i++) {
+			if (channelmask & (1 << i)) {
+				pipe = chip->substream[i]->runtime->private_data;
+				switch (pipe->state) {
+				case PIPE_STATE_STOPPED:
+					pipe->last_period = 0;
+					pipe->last_counter = 0;
+					pipe->position = 0;
+					*pipe->dma_counter = 0;
+					fallthrough;
+				case PIPE_STATE_PAUSED:
+					pipe->state = PIPE_STATE_STARTED;
+					break;
+				case PIPE_STATE_STARTED:
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		err = start_transport(chip, channelmask,
+				      chip->pipe_cyclic_mask);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+		for (i = 0; i < DSP_MAXPIPES; i++) {
+			if (channelmask & (1 << i)) {
+				pipe = chip->substream[i]->runtime->private_data;
+				pipe->state = PIPE_STATE_STOPPED;
+			}
+		}
+		err = stop_transport(chip, channelmask);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
+		for (i = 0; i < DSP_MAXPIPES; i++) {
+			if (channelmask & (1 << i)) {
+				pipe = chip->substream[i]->runtime->private_data;
+				pipe->state = PIPE_STATE_PAUSED;
+			}
+		}
+		err = pause_transport(chip, channelmask);
+		break;
+	default:
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&chip->lock);
+	return err;
+}
+
+
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct audiopipe *pipe = runtime->private_data;
+	u32 counter, step;
+
+	/*
+	 * IRQ handling runs concurrently. Do not share tracking of
+	 * counter with it, which would race or require locking
+	 */
+
+	counter = le32_to_cpu(*pipe->dma_counter);  /* presumed atomic */
+
+	step = counter - pipe->last_counter;  /* handles wrapping */
+	pipe->last_counter = counter;
+
+	/* counter doesn't neccessarily wrap on a multiple of
+	 * buffer_size, so can't derive the position; must
+	 * accumulate */
+
+	pipe->position += step;
+	pipe->position %= frames_to_bytes(runtime, runtime->buffer_size); /* wrap */
+
+	return bytes_to_frames(runtime, pipe->position);
+}
+
+
+
+/* pcm *_ops structures */
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops analog_playback_ops = {
+	.open = pcm_analog_out_open,
+	.close = pcm_close,
+	.hw_params = pcm_analog_out_hw_params,
+	.hw_free = pcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare = pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger = pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer = pcm_pointer,
+};
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops analog_capture_ops = {
+	.open = pcm_analog_in_open,
+	.close = pcm_close,
+	.hw_params = pcm_analog_in_hw_params,
+	.hw_free = pcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare = pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger = pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer = pcm_pointer,
+};
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
+#ifndef ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops digital_playback_ops = {
+	.open = pcm_digital_out_open,
+	.close = pcm_close,
+	.hw_params = pcm_digital_out_hw_params,
+	.hw_free = pcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare = pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger = pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer = pcm_pointer,
+};
+#endif /* !ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops digital_capture_ops = {
+	.open = pcm_digital_in_open,
+	.close = pcm_close,
+	.hw_params = pcm_digital_in_hw_params,
+	.hw_free = pcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare = pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger = pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer = pcm_pointer,
+};
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO */
+
+
+
+/* Preallocate memory only for the first substream because it's the most
+ * used one
+ */
+static void snd_echo_preallocate_pages(struct snd_pcm *pcm, struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *ss;
+	int stream;
+
+	for (stream = 0; stream < 2; stream++)
+		for (ss = pcm->streams[stream].substream; ss; ss = ss->next)
+			snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer(ss, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG,
+						   dev,
+						   ss->number ? 0 : 128<<10,
+						   256<<10);
+}
+
+
+
+/*<--snd_echo_probe() */
+static int snd_echo_new_pcm(struct echoaudio *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER
+	/* This card has a Vmixer, that is there is no direct mapping from PCM
+	streams to physical outputs. The user can mix the streams as he wishes
+	via control interface and it's possible to send any stream to any
+	output, thus it makes no sense to keep analog and digital outputs
+	separated */
+
+	/* PCM#0 Virtual outputs and analog inputs */
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "PCM", 0, num_pipes_out(chip),
+			  num_analog_busses_in(chip), &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	chip->analog_pcm = pcm;
+	strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &analog_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &analog_capture_ops);
+	snd_echo_preallocate_pages(pcm, &chip->pci->dev);
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
+	/* PCM#1 Digital inputs, no outputs */
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Digital PCM", 1, 0,
+			  num_digital_busses_in(chip), &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	chip->digital_pcm = pcm;
+	strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &digital_capture_ops);
+	snd_echo_preallocate_pages(pcm, &chip->pci->dev);
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO */
+
+#else /* ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
+
+	/* The card can manage substreams formed by analog and digital channels
+	at the same time, but I prefer to keep analog and digital channels
+	separated, because that mixed thing is confusing and useless. So we
+	register two PCM devices: */
+
+	/* PCM#0 Analog i/o */
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Analog PCM", 0,
+			  num_analog_busses_out(chip),
+			  num_analog_busses_in(chip), &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	chip->analog_pcm = pcm;
+	strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &analog_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &analog_capture_ops);
+	snd_echo_preallocate_pages(pcm, &chip->pci->dev);
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
+	/* PCM#1 Digital i/o */
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Digital PCM", 1,
+			  num_digital_busses_out(chip),
+			  num_digital_busses_in(chip), &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	chip->digital_pcm = pcm;
+	strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &digital_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &digital_capture_ops);
+	snd_echo_preallocate_pages(pcm, &chip->pci->dev);
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO */
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+	Control interface
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#if !defined(ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER) || defined(ECHOCARD_HAS_LINE_OUT_GAIN)
+
+/******************* PCM output volume *******************/
+static int snd_echo_output_gain_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = num_busses_out(chip);
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = ECHOGAIN_MINOUT;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = ECHOGAIN_MAXOUT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_output_gain_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int c;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	for (c = 0; c < num_busses_out(chip); c++)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[c] = chip->output_gain[c];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_output_gain_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int c, changed, gain;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	for (c = 0; c < num_busses_out(chip); c++) {
+		gain = ucontrol->value.integer.value[c];
+		/* Ignore out of range values */
+		if (gain < ECHOGAIN_MINOUT || gain > ECHOGAIN_MAXOUT)
+			continue;
+		if (chip->output_gain[c] != gain) {
+			set_output_gain(chip, c, gain);
+			changed = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (changed)
+		update_output_line_level(chip);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	return changed;
+}
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_LINE_OUT_GAIN
+/* On the Mia this one controls the line-out volume */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_line_output_gain = {
+	.name = "Line Playback Volume",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE |
+		  SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ,
+	.info = snd_echo_output_gain_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_output_gain_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_output_gain_put,
+	.tlv = {.p = db_scale_output_gain},
+};
+#else
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_pcm_output_gain = {
+	.name = "PCM Playback Volume",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ,
+	.info = snd_echo_output_gain_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_output_gain_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_output_gain_put,
+	.tlv = {.p = db_scale_output_gain},
+};
+#endif
+
+#endif /* !ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER || ECHOCARD_HAS_LINE_OUT_GAIN */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_INPUT_GAIN
+
+/******************* Analog input volume *******************/
+static int snd_echo_input_gain_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = num_analog_busses_in(chip);
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = ECHOGAIN_MININP;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = ECHOGAIN_MAXINP;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_input_gain_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int c;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	for (c = 0; c < num_analog_busses_in(chip); c++)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[c] = chip->input_gain[c];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_input_gain_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int c, gain, changed;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	for (c = 0; c < num_analog_busses_in(chip); c++) {
+		gain = ucontrol->value.integer.value[c];
+		/* Ignore out of range values */
+		if (gain < ECHOGAIN_MININP || gain > ECHOGAIN_MAXINP)
+			continue;
+		if (chip->input_gain[c] != gain) {
+			set_input_gain(chip, c, gain);
+			changed = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (changed)
+		update_input_line_level(chip);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_input_gain, -2500, 50, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_line_input_gain = {
+	.name = "Line Capture Volume",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ,
+	.info = snd_echo_input_gain_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_input_gain_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_input_gain_put,
+	.tlv = {.p = db_scale_input_gain},
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_INPUT_GAIN */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_OUTPUT_NOMINAL_LEVEL
+
+/************ Analog output nominal level (+4dBu / -10dBV) ***************/
+static int snd_echo_output_nominal_info (struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					 struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
+	uinfo->count = num_analog_busses_out(chip);
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_output_nominal_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int c;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	for (c = 0; c < num_analog_busses_out(chip); c++)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[c] = chip->nominal_level[c];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_output_nominal_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int c, changed;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	for (c = 0; c < num_analog_busses_out(chip); c++) {
+		if (chip->nominal_level[c] != ucontrol->value.integer.value[c]) {
+			set_nominal_level(chip, c,
+					  ucontrol->value.integer.value[c]);
+			changed = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (changed)
+		update_output_line_level(chip);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_output_nominal_level = {
+	.name = "Line Playback Switch (-10dBV)",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.info = snd_echo_output_nominal_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_output_nominal_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_output_nominal_put,
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_OUTPUT_NOMINAL_LEVEL */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_INPUT_NOMINAL_LEVEL
+
+/*************** Analog input nominal level (+4dBu / -10dBV) ***************/
+static int snd_echo_input_nominal_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
+	uinfo->count = num_analog_busses_in(chip);
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_input_nominal_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int c;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	for (c = 0; c < num_analog_busses_in(chip); c++)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[c] =
+			chip->nominal_level[bx_analog_in(chip) + c];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_input_nominal_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int c, changed;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	for (c = 0; c < num_analog_busses_in(chip); c++) {
+		if (chip->nominal_level[bx_analog_in(chip) + c] !=
+		    ucontrol->value.integer.value[c]) {
+			set_nominal_level(chip, bx_analog_in(chip) + c,
+					  ucontrol->value.integer.value[c]);
+			changed = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (changed)
+		update_output_line_level(chip);	/* "Output" is not a mistake
+						 * here.
+						 */
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_intput_nominal_level = {
+	.name = "Line Capture Switch (-10dBV)",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.info = snd_echo_input_nominal_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_input_nominal_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_input_nominal_put,
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_INPUT_NOMINAL_LEVEL */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_MONITOR
+
+/******************* Monitor mixer *******************/
+static int snd_echo_mixer_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = ECHOGAIN_MINOUT;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = ECHOGAIN_MAXOUT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_mixer_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int out = ucontrol->id.index / num_busses_in(chip);
+	unsigned int in = ucontrol->id.index % num_busses_in(chip);
+
+	if (out >= ECHO_MAXAUDIOOUTPUTS || in >= ECHO_MAXAUDIOINPUTS)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = chip->monitor_gain[out][in];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_mixer_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int changed,  gain;
+	unsigned int out, in;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	out = ucontrol->id.index / num_busses_in(chip);
+	in = ucontrol->id.index % num_busses_in(chip);
+	if (out >= ECHO_MAXAUDIOOUTPUTS || in >= ECHO_MAXAUDIOINPUTS)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	gain = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	if (gain < ECHOGAIN_MINOUT || gain > ECHOGAIN_MAXOUT)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (chip->monitor_gain[out][in] != gain) {
+		spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		set_monitor_gain(chip, out, in, gain);
+		update_output_line_level(chip);
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_monitor_mixer = {
+	.name = "Monitor Mixer Volume",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ,
+	.info = snd_echo_mixer_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_mixer_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_mixer_put,
+	.tlv = {.p = db_scale_output_gain},
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_MONITOR */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER
+
+/******************* Vmixer *******************/
+static int snd_echo_vmixer_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = ECHOGAIN_MINOUT;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = ECHOGAIN_MAXOUT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_vmixer_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] =
+		chip->vmixer_gain[ucontrol->id.index / num_pipes_out(chip)]
+			[ucontrol->id.index % num_pipes_out(chip)];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_vmixer_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int gain, changed;
+	short vch, out;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	out = ucontrol->id.index / num_pipes_out(chip);
+	vch = ucontrol->id.index % num_pipes_out(chip);
+	gain = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	if (gain < ECHOGAIN_MINOUT || gain > ECHOGAIN_MAXOUT)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (chip->vmixer_gain[out][vch] != ucontrol->value.integer.value[0]) {
+		spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		set_vmixer_gain(chip, out, vch, ucontrol->value.integer.value[0]);
+		update_vmixer_level(chip);
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_vmixer = {
+	.name = "VMixer Volume",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ,
+	.info = snd_echo_vmixer_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_vmixer_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_vmixer_put,
+	.tlv = {.p = db_scale_output_gain},
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_SWITCH
+
+/******************* Digital mode switch *******************/
+static int snd_echo_digital_mode_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const names[4] = {
+		"S/PDIF Coaxial", "S/PDIF Optical", "ADAT Optical",
+		"S/PDIF Cdrom"
+	};
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, chip->num_digital_modes, names);
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_digital_mode_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int i, mode;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	mode = chip->digital_mode;
+	for (i = chip->num_digital_modes - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+		if (mode == chip->digital_mode_list[i]) {
+			ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = i;
+			break;
+		}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_digital_mode_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int changed;
+	unsigned short emode, dmode;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	emode = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	if (emode >= chip->num_digital_modes)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	dmode = chip->digital_mode_list[emode];
+
+	if (dmode != chip->digital_mode) {
+		/* mode_mutex is required to make this operation atomic wrt
+		pcm_digital_*_open() and set_input_clock() functions. */
+		mutex_lock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+
+		/* Do not allow the user to change the digital mode when a pcm
+		device is open because it also changes the number of channels
+		and the allowed sample rates */
+		if (chip->opencount) {
+			changed = -EAGAIN;
+		} else {
+			changed = set_digital_mode(chip, dmode);
+			/* If we had to change the clock source, report it */
+			if (changed > 0 && chip->clock_src_ctl) {
+				snd_ctl_notify(chip->card,
+					       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+					       &chip->clock_src_ctl->id);
+				dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+					"SDM() =%d\n", changed);
+			}
+			if (changed >= 0)
+				changed = 1;	/* No errors */
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_digital_mode_switch = {
+	.name = "Digital mode Switch",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD,
+	.info = snd_echo_digital_mode_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_digital_mode_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_digital_mode_put,
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_SWITCH */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
+
+/******************* S/PDIF mode switch *******************/
+static int snd_echo_spdif_mode_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const names[2] = {"Consumer", "Professional"};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 2, names);
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_spdif_mode_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = !!chip->professional_spdif;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_spdif_mode_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int mode;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	mode = !!ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	if (mode != chip->professional_spdif) {
+		spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		set_professional_spdif(chip, mode);
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_spdif_mode_switch = {
+	.name = "S/PDIF mode Switch",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD,
+	.info = snd_echo_spdif_mode_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_spdif_mode_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_spdif_mode_put,
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_EXTERNAL_CLOCK
+
+/******************* Select input clock source *******************/
+static int snd_echo_clock_source_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const names[8] = {
+		"Internal", "Word", "Super", "S/PDIF", "ADAT", "ESync",
+		"ESync96", "MTC"
+	};
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, chip->num_clock_sources, names);
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_clock_source_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int i, clock;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	clock = chip->input_clock;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_clock_sources; i++)
+		if (clock == chip->clock_source_list[i])
+			ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = i;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_clock_source_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int changed;
+	unsigned int eclock, dclock;
+
+	changed = 0;
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	eclock = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	if (eclock >= chip->input_clock_types)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	dclock = chip->clock_source_list[eclock];
+	if (chip->input_clock != dclock) {
+		mutex_lock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+		spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		changed = set_input_clock(chip, dclock);
+		if (!changed)
+			changed = 1;	/* no errors */
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		mutex_unlock(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	}
+
+	if (changed < 0)
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"seticlk val%d err 0x%x\n", dclock, changed);
+
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_clock_source_switch = {
+	.name = "Sample Clock Source",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.info = snd_echo_clock_source_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_clock_source_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_clock_source_put,
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_EXTERNAL_CLOCK */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_PHANTOM_POWER
+
+/******************* Phantom power switch *******************/
+#define snd_echo_phantom_power_info	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_echo_phantom_power_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = chip->phantom_power;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_phantom_power_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int power, changed = 0;
+
+	power = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	if (chip->phantom_power != power) {
+		spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		changed = set_phantom_power(chip, power);
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		if (changed == 0)
+			changed = 1;	/* no errors */
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_phantom_power_switch = {
+	.name = "Phantom power Switch",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD,
+	.info = snd_echo_phantom_power_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_phantom_power_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_phantom_power_put,
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_PHANTOM_POWER */
+
+
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IN_AUTOMUTE
+
+/******************* Digital input automute switch *******************/
+#define snd_echo_automute_info		snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_echo_automute_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = chip->digital_in_automute;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_automute_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int automute, changed = 0;
+
+	automute = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	if (chip->digital_in_automute != automute) {
+		spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		changed = set_input_auto_mute(chip, automute);
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		if (changed == 0)
+			changed = 1;	/* no errors */
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_automute_switch = {
+	.name = "Digital Capture Switch (automute)",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD,
+	.info = snd_echo_automute_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_automute_get,
+	.put = snd_echo_automute_put,
+};
+
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IN_AUTOMUTE */
+
+
+
+/******************* VU-meters switch *******************/
+#define snd_echo_vumeters_switch_info		snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_echo_vumeters_switch_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	set_meters_on(chip, ucontrol->value.integer.value[0]);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_vumeters_switch = {
+	.name = "VU-meters Switch",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE,
+	.info = snd_echo_vumeters_switch_info,
+	.put = snd_echo_vumeters_switch_put,
+};
+
+
+
+/***** Read VU-meters (input, output, analog and digital together) *****/
+static int snd_echo_vumeters_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 96;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = ECHOGAIN_MINOUT;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_vumeters_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	get_audio_meters(chip, ucontrol->value.integer.value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_vumeters = {
+	.name = "VU-meters",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ |
+		  SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE |
+		  SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ,
+	.info = snd_echo_vumeters_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_vumeters_get,
+	.tlv = {.p = db_scale_output_gain},
+};
+
+
+
+/*** Channels info - it exports informations about the number of channels ***/
+static int snd_echo_channels_info_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 6;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 1 << ECHO_CLOCK_NUMBER;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_channels_info_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	int detected, clocks, bit, src;
+
+	chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = num_busses_in(chip);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = num_analog_busses_in(chip);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[2] = num_busses_out(chip);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[3] = num_analog_busses_out(chip);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[4] = num_pipes_out(chip);
+
+	/* Compute the bitmask of the currently valid input clocks */
+	detected = detect_input_clocks(chip);
+	clocks = 0;
+	src = chip->num_clock_sources - 1;
+	for (bit = ECHO_CLOCK_NUMBER - 1; bit >= 0; bit--)
+		if (detected & (1 << bit))
+			for (; src >= 0; src--)
+				if (bit == chip->clock_source_list[src]) {
+					clocks |= 1 << src;
+					break;
+				}
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[5] = clocks;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_echo_channels_info = {
+	.name = "Channels info",
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE,
+	.info = snd_echo_channels_info_info,
+	.get = snd_echo_channels_info_get,
+};
+
+
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+	IRQ Handling
+******************************************************************************/
+/* Check if a period has elapsed since last interrupt
+ *
+ * Don't make any updates to state; PCM core handles this with the
+ * correct locks.
+ *
+ * \return true if a period has elapsed, otherwise false
+ */
+static bool period_has_elapsed(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct audiopipe *pipe = runtime->private_data;
+	u32 counter, step;
+	size_t period_bytes;
+
+	if (pipe->state != PIPE_STATE_STARTED)
+		return false;
+
+	period_bytes = frames_to_bytes(runtime, runtime->period_size);
+
+	counter = le32_to_cpu(*pipe->dma_counter);  /* presumed atomic */
+
+	step = counter - pipe->last_period;  /* handles wrapping */
+	step -= step % period_bytes;  /* acknowledge whole periods only */
+
+	if (step == 0)
+		return false;  /* haven't advanced a whole period yet */
+
+	pipe->last_period += step;  /* used exclusively by us */
+	return true;
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_echo_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = dev_id;
+	int ss, st;
+
+	spin_lock(&chip->lock);
+	st = service_irq(chip);
+	if (st < 0) {
+		spin_unlock(&chip->lock);
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+	}
+	/* The hardware doesn't tell us which substream caused the irq,
+	thus we have to check all running substreams. */
+	for (ss = 0; ss < DSP_MAXPIPES; ss++) {
+		struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+
+		substream = chip->substream[ss];
+		if (substream && period_has_elapsed(substream)) {
+			spin_unlock(&chip->lock);
+			snd_pcm_period_elapsed(substream);
+			spin_lock(&chip->lock);
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&chip->lock);
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_MIDI
+	if (st > 0 && chip->midi_in) {
+		snd_rawmidi_receive(chip->midi_in, chip->midi_buffer, st);
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "rawmidi_iread=%d\n", st);
+	}
+#endif
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+	Module construction / destruction
+******************************************************************************/
+
+static void snd_echo_free(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	if (chip->comm_page)
+		rest_in_peace(chip);
+
+	if (chip->irq >= 0)
+		free_irq(chip->irq, chip);
+
+	/* release chip data */
+	free_firmware_cache(chip);
+}
+
+/* <--snd_echo_probe() */
+static int snd_echo_create(struct snd_card *card,
+			   struct pci_dev *pci)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+	size_t sz;
+
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, 0xC0);
+
+	err = pcim_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pci_set_master(pci);
+
+	/* Allocate chip if needed */
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->pci = pci;
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	chip->opencount = 0;
+	mutex_init(&chip->mode_mutex);
+	chip->can_set_rate = 1;
+
+	/* PCI resource allocation */
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, ECHOCARD_NAME);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	chip->dsp_registers_phys = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
+	sz = pci_resource_len(pci, 0);
+	if (sz > PAGE_SIZE)
+		sz = PAGE_SIZE;		/* We map only the required part */
+
+	chip->dsp_registers = devm_ioremap(&pci->dev, chip->dsp_registers_phys, sz);
+	if (!chip->dsp_registers) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "ioremap failed\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_echo_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED,
+			KBUILD_MODNAME, chip)) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "cannot grab irq\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->irq = pci->irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	dev_dbg(card->dev, "pci=%p irq=%d subdev=%04x Init hardware...\n",
+		chip->pci, chip->irq, chip->pci->subsystem_device);
+
+	card->private_free = snd_echo_free;
+
+	/* Create the DSP comm page - this is the area of memory used for most
+	of the communication with the DSP, which accesses it via bus mastering */
+	chip->commpage_dma_buf =
+		snd_devm_alloc_pages(&pci->dev, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+				     sizeof(struct comm_page));
+	if (!chip->commpage_dma_buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	chip->comm_page_phys = chip->commpage_dma_buf->addr;
+	chip->comm_page = (struct comm_page *)chip->commpage_dma_buf->area;
+
+	err = init_hw(chip, chip->pci->device, chip->pci->subsystem_device);
+	if (err >= 0)
+		err = set_mixer_defaults(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "init_hw err=%d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* constructor */
+static int __snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct echoaudio *chip;
+	char *dsp;
+	__maybe_unused int i;
+	int err;
+
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (!enable[dev]) {
+		dev++;
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	i = 0;
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(&pci->dev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(*chip), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	chip = card->private_data;
+
+	err = snd_echo_create(card, pci);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	strcpy(card->driver, "Echo_" ECHOCARD_NAME);
+	strcpy(card->shortname, chip->card_name);
+
+	dsp = "56301";
+	if (pci_id->device == 0x3410)
+		dsp = "56361";
+
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s rev.%d (DSP%s) at 0x%lx irq %i",
+		card->shortname, pci_id->subdevice & 0x000f, dsp,
+		chip->dsp_registers_phys, chip->irq);
+
+	err = snd_echo_new_pcm(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "new pcm error %d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_MIDI
+	if (chip->has_midi) {	/* Some Mia's do not have midi */
+		err = snd_echo_midi_create(card, chip);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "new midi error %d\n", err);
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER
+	snd_echo_vmixer.count = num_pipes_out(chip) * num_busses_out(chip);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vmixer, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_LINE_OUT_GAIN
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card,
+			  snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_line_output_gain, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+#else /* ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card,
+			  snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_pcm_output_gain, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_INPUT_GAIN
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_line_input_gain, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_INPUT_NOMINAL_LEVEL
+	if (!chip->hasnt_input_nominal_level) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_intput_nominal_level, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_OUTPUT_NOMINAL_LEVEL
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_output_nominal_level, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vumeters_switch, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vumeters, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_MONITOR
+	snd_echo_monitor_mixer.count = num_busses_in(chip) * num_busses_out(chip);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_monitor_mixer, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IN_AUTOMUTE
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_automute_switch, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_channels_info, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_SWITCH
+	/* Creates a list of available digital modes */
+	chip->num_digital_modes = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
+		if (chip->digital_modes & (1 << i))
+			chip->digital_mode_list[chip->num_digital_modes++] = i;
+
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_digital_mode_switch, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_SWITCH */
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_EXTERNAL_CLOCK
+	/* Creates a list of available clock sources */
+	chip->num_clock_sources = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+		if (chip->input_clock_types & (1 << i))
+			chip->clock_source_list[chip->num_clock_sources++] = i;
+
+	if (chip->num_clock_sources > 1) {
+		chip->clock_src_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_clock_source_switch, chip);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->clock_src_ctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+#endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_EXTERNAL_CLOCK */
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_spdif_mode_switch, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_PHANTOM_POWER
+	if (chip->has_phantom_power) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_phantom_power_switch, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	dev_info(card->dev, "Card registered: %s\n", card->longname);
+
+	pci_set_drvdata(pci, chip);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_echo_probe(pci, pci_id));
+}
+
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_PM_SLEEP)
+
+static int snd_echo_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct echoaudio *chip = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_MIDI
+	/* This call can sleep */
+	if (chip->midi_out)
+		snd_echo_midi_output_trigger(chip->midi_out, 0);
+#endif
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
+	if (wait_handshake(chip)) {
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	clear_handshake(chip);
+	if (send_vector(chip, DSP_VC_GO_COMATOSE) < 0) {
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
+
+	chip->dsp_code = NULL;
+	free_irq(chip->irq, chip);
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	chip->card->sync_irq = -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static int snd_echo_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct pci_dev *pci = to_pci_dev(dev);
+	struct echoaudio *chip = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct comm_page *commpage, *commpage_bak;
+	u32 pipe_alloc_mask;
+	int err;
+
+	commpage = chip->comm_page;
+	commpage_bak = kmemdup(commpage, sizeof(*commpage), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (commpage_bak == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	err = init_hw(chip, chip->pci->device, chip->pci->subsystem_device);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		kfree(commpage_bak);
+		dev_err(dev, "resume init_hw err=%d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/* Temporarily set chip->pipe_alloc_mask=0 otherwise
+	 * restore_dsp_settings() fails.
+	 */
+	pipe_alloc_mask = chip->pipe_alloc_mask;
+	chip->pipe_alloc_mask = 0;
+	err = restore_dsp_rettings(chip);
+	chip->pipe_alloc_mask = pipe_alloc_mask;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		kfree(commpage_bak);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(&commpage->audio_format, &commpage_bak->audio_format,
+		sizeof(commpage->audio_format));
+	memcpy(&commpage->sglist_addr, &commpage_bak->sglist_addr,
+		sizeof(commpage->sglist_addr));
+	memcpy(&commpage->midi_output, &commpage_bak->midi_output,
+		sizeof(commpage->midi_output));
+	kfree(commpage_bak);
+
+	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_echo_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED,
+			KBUILD_MODNAME, chip)) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "cannot grab irq\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->irq = pci->irq;
+	chip->card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	dev_dbg(dev, "resume irq=%d\n", chip->irq);
+
+#ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_MIDI
+	if (chip->midi_input_enabled)
+		enable_midi_input(chip, true);
+	if (chip->midi_out)
+		snd_echo_midi_output_trigger(chip->midi_out, 1);
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(snd_echo_pm, snd_echo_suspend, snd_echo_resume);
+#define SND_ECHO_PM_OPS	&snd_echo_pm
+#else
+#define SND_ECHO_PM_OPS	NULL
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */
+
+/******************************************************************************
+	Everything starts and ends here
+******************************************************************************/
+
+/* pci_driver definition */
+static struct pci_driver echo_driver = {
+	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
+	.id_table = snd_echo_ids,
+	.probe = snd_echo_probe,
+	.driver = {
+		.pm = SND_ECHO_PM_OPS,
+	},
+};
+
+module_pci_driver(echo_driver);