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diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa-configuration.rst b/Documentation/sound/alsa-configuration.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000..21ab5e6f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa-configuration.rst @@ -0,0 +1,2752 @@ +============================================================== +Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver Configuration guide +============================================================== + + +Kernel Configuration +==================== + +To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with +primary sound card support (``CONFIG_SOUND``). Since ALSA can emulate +OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules. + +Enable "OSS API emulation" (``CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL``) and both OSS mixer +and PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA. + +If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as +SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support" +(``CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER``). + +To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk" +and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory" +too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards. + +Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API +(if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards +using isapnptools. + + +Module parameters +================= + +The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than +one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can +specify multiple values for the option separated by commas. + + +Module snd +---------- + +The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers. +It takes the following options which have global effects. + +major + major number for sound driver; + Default: 116 +cards_limit + limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8); + Default: 1; + For auto-loading more than one card, specify this option + together with snd-card-X aliases. +slots + Reserve the slot index for the given driver; + This option takes multiple strings. + See `Module Autoloading Support`_ section for details. +debug + Specifies the debug message level; + (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages, + 2 = verbose debug messages); + This option appears only when ``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y``. + This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs + /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file. + +Module snd-pcm-oss +------------------ + +The PCM OSS emulation module. +This module takes options which change the mapping of devices. + +dsp_map + PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device; + Default: 0 +adsp_map + PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device; + Default: 1 +nonblock_open + Don't block opening busy PCM devices; + Default: 1 + +For example, when ``dsp_map=2``, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of +the card #0. Similarly, when ``adsp_map=0``, /dev/adsp will be mapped +to PCM #0 of the card #0. +For changing the second or later card, specify the option with +commas, such like ``dsp_map=0,1``. + +``nonblock_open`` option is used to change the behavior of the PCM +regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero, +opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return +immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag). + +Module snd-rawmidi +------------------ + +This module takes options which change the mapping of devices. +similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module. + +midi_map + MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device; + Default: 0 +amidi_map + MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device; + Default: 1 + +Module snd-soc-core +------------------- + +The soc core module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers. +It takes the following options which have global effects. + +prealloc_buffer_size_kbytes + Specify prealloc buffer size in kbytes (default: 512). + +Common parameters for top sound card modules +-------------------------------------------- + +Each of top level sound card module takes the following options. + +index + index (slot #) of sound card; + Values: 0 through 31 or negative; + If nonnegative, assign that index number; + if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible indices; + the first free permitted index is assigned; + Default: -1 +id + card ID (identifier or name); + Can be up to 15 characters long; + Default: the card type; + A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/ + containing information about the card; + This ID can be used instead of the index number in + identifying the card +enable + enable card; + Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards + +Module snd-adlib +---------------- + +Module for AdLib FM cards. + +port + port # for OPL chip + +This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so +the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388. +Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM +synthesis. + +Make sure you have ``sbiload`` from the alsa-tools package available and, +after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port +number through ``sbiload -l``. + +Example output: +:: + + Port Client name Port name + 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port + +Load the ``std.sb`` and ``drums.sb`` patches also supplied by ``sbiload``: +:: + + sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb + +If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use ``std.o3`` and ``drums.o3`` +instead. To have the card produce sound, use ``aplaymidi`` from alsa-utils: +:: + + aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid + +Module snd-ad1816a +------------------ + +Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips. + +clockfreq + Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz) + +This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP. + +Module snd-ad1848 +----------------- + +Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips. + +port + port # for AD1848 chip +irq + IRQ # for AD1848 chip +dma1 + DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3) + +This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe +thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-ad1889 +----------------- + +Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips. + +ac97_quirk + AC'97 workaround for strange hardware; + See the description of intel8x0 module for details. + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-ali5451 +------------------ + +Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip. + +pcm_channels + Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM +spdif + Support SPDIF I/O; + Default: disabled + +This module supports one chip and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-als100 +----------------- + +Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips. + +This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-als300 +----------------- + +Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+ + +This module supports multiple cards. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-als4000 +------------------ + +Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip. + +joystick_port + port # for legacy joystick support; + 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect + +This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-asihpi +----------------- + +Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards + +enable_hpi_hwdep + enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-atiixp +----------------- + +Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers. + +ac97_clock + AC'97 clock (default = 48000) +ac97_quirk + AC'97 workaround for strange hardware; + See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below. +ac97_codec + Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec instead of probing. + If this works for you file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output. + (-2 = Force probing, -1 = Default behavior, 0-2 = Use the + specified codec.) +spdif_aclink + S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1) + +This module supports one card and autoprobe. + +ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is +over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The +implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to +choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-atiixp-modem +----------------------- + +Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers. + +This module supports one card and autoprobe. + +Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first +slot is excluded. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830 +----------------------------------------- + +Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device. + +pcifix + Control PCI workarounds; + 0 = Disable all workarounds, + 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff, + 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient + Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge, + 3 = Force both settings, + 255 = Autodetect what is required (default) + +This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware +EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development. +Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at +https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/ +SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the +``spdif`` pcm device, which allows raw data passthru. +The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and +Advantage. + +Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate +control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try +another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works). + +Module snd-azt1605 +------------------ + +Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605 +chipset. + +port + port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280) +wss_port + port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40) +irq + IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11) +dma1 + DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3) +dma2 + DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default) +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default) +fm_port + port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default) + +This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: +``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified. +The other values are optional. + +``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240) +or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and +their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can +be chosen freely from the options enumerated above. + +If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in +full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to +enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture. + +Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0 +mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``. + +Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for +legacy ISA in your BIOS. + +Module snd-azt2316 +------------------ + +Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316 +chipset. + +port + port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280) +wss_port + port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40) +irq + IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11) +dma1 + DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3) +dma2 + DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default) +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default) +fm_port + port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default) + +This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: +``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified. +The other values are optional. + +``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240) +or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and +their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can +be chosen freely from the options enumerated above. + +If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in +full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to +enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture. + +Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0 +mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``. + +Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for +legacy ISA in your BIOS. + +Module snd-aw2 +-------------- + +Module for Audiowerk2 sound card + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-azt2320 +------------------ + +Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only). + +This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-azt3328 +------------------ + +Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip. + +joystick + Enable joystick (default off) + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-bt87x +---------------- + +Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips. + +digital_rate + Override the default digital rate (Hz) +load_all + Load the driver even if the card model isn't known + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first +slot is excluded. + +Module snd-ca0106 +----------------- + +Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit + +This module supports multiple cards. + + +Module snd-cmi8330 +------------------ + +Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips. + +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +wssport + port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS) +wssirq + IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS) +wssdma + first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS) +sbport + port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16) +sbirq + IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16) +sbdma8 + 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16) +sbdma16 + 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16) +fmport + (optional) OPL3 I/O port +mpuport + (optional) MPU401 I/O port +mpuirq + (optional) MPU401 irq # + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-cmipci +----------------- + +Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards. + +mpu_port + port address of MIDI interface (8338 only): + 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port, + 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738), + 0 = disable +fm_port + port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only): + 0x388 = legacy port, + 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738), + 0 = disable +soft_ac3 + Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only) (default = 1) +joystick_port + Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect) + +This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-cs4231 +----------------- + +Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips. + +port + port # for CS4231 chip +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable +irq + IRQ # for CS4231 chip +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 UART +dma1 + first DMA # for CS4231 chip +dma2 + second DMA # for CS4231 chip + +This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe +thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-cs4236 +----------------- + +Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A, +CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips. + +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +port + port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534) +cport + control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable +fm_port + FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable +irq + IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15) +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15) +dma1 + first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3) +dma2 + second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable + +This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe +(if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be +specified!!! Other ports are optional. + +The power-management is supported. + +This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old +snd-cs4232 functionality, too. + +Module snd-cs4281 +----------------- + +Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip. + +dual_codec + Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default) + +This module supports multiple cards. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-cs46xx +----------------- + +Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/ +CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips. + +external_amp + Force to enable external amplifier. +thinkpad + Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control. +mmap_valid + Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0). + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. +Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically +from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options +above explicitly. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-cs5530 +----------------- + +Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip. + +Module snd-cs5535audio +---------------------- + +Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-ctxfi +---------------- + +Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips) + +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer +* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic + +reference_rate + reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default) +multiple + multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default) +subsystem + override the PCI SSID for probing; + the value consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID. + The default is zero, which means no override. + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-darla20 +------------------ + +Module for Echoaudio Darla20 + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-darla24 +------------------ + +Module for Echoaudio Darla24 + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-dt019x +----------------- + +Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP +only) + +This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with +ISA PnP support. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-dummy +---------------- + +Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output +or input, but you may use this module for any application which +requires a sound card (like RealPlayer). + +pcm_devs + Number of PCM devices assigned to each card (default = 1, up to 4) +pcm_substreams + Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM (default = 8, up to 128) +hrtimer + Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0) +fake_buffer + Fake buffer allocations (default = 1) + +When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different +behavior to each PCM device: +* 0 = interleaved with mmap support +* 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support +* 2 = interleaved without mmap +* 3 = non-interleaved without mmap + +As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers +but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all +buffer pages, in order to save the resources. If your apps need +the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0 +option. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-echo3g +----------------- + +Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G) + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-emu10k1 +------------------ + +Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards. + +* Sound Blaster Live! +* Sound Blaster PCI 512 +* Emu APS (partially supported) +* Sound Blaster Audigy + +extin + bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow) +extout + bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow) +seq_ports + allocated sequencer ports (4 by default) +max_synth_voices + limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default) +max_buffer_size + specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers given in MB + unit. Default value is 128. +enable_ir + enable IR + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +Input & Output configurations [extin/extout] +* Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03] +* Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f] +* Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f] +* Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3] +* Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf] +* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf] +* Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f] +* Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f] +* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f] +* Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff] +* Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff] +* Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff] + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-emu10k1x +------------------- + +Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version) + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-ens1370 +------------------ + +Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards. + +* SoundBlaster PCI 64 +* SoundBlaster PCI 128 + +joystick + Enable joystick (default off) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-ens1371 +------------------ + +Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards. + +* SoundBlaster PCI 64 +* SoundBlaster PCI 128 +* SoundBlaster Vibra PCI + +joystick_port + port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218), 0 = disable + (default), 1 = auto-detect + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-es1688 +----------------- + +Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards. + +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default) +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10) +fm_port + port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following additional options are available: + +port + port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260) +irq + IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10) +dma8 + DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port) +and PnP with the ES968 chip. + +Module snd-es18xx +----------------- + +Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards. + +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +port + port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default) +fm_port + port # for FM (optional, not used) +irq + IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10) +dma1 + first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3) +dma2 + first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3) + +This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401 +port if native ISA PnP routines are not used). +When ``dma2`` is equal with ``dma1``, the driver works as half-duplex. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-es1938 +----------------- + +Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips. + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-es1968 +----------------- + +Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips. + +total_bufsize + total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB) +pcm_substreams_p + playback channels (1-8, default=2) +pcm_substreams_c + capture channels (1-8, default=0) +clock + clock (0 = auto-detection) +use_pm + support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default)) +enable_mpu + enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default)) +joystick + enable joystick (default off) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-fm801 +---------------- + +Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards. + +tea575x_tuner + Enable TEA575x tuner; + 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS, + 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR, + 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR + High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1; + example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-gina20 +----------------- + +Module for Echoaudio Gina20 + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-gina24 +----------------- + +Module for Echoaudio Gina24 + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-gusclassic +--------------------- + +Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card. + +port + port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) +irq + IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) +dma1 + DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7) +dma2 + DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable) +joystick_dac + 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) +voices + GF1 voices limit (14-32) +pcm_voices + reserved PCM voices + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +Module snd-gusextreme +--------------------- + +Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card. + +port + port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) +gf1_port + port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable +irq + IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10) +gf1_irq + IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10) +dma8 + DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3) +dma1 + DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7) +joystick_dac + 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) +voices + GF1 voices limit (14-32) +pcm_voices + reserved PCM voices + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port). + +Module snd-gusmax +----------------- + +Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card. + +port + port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) +irq + IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) +dma1 + DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7) +dma2 + DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable) +joystick_dac + 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) +voices + GF1 voices limit (14-32) +pcm_voices + reserved PCM voices + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +Module snd-hda-intel +-------------------- + +Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10, +PCH, SCH), ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620, +RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770, VIA VT8251/VT8237A, SIS966, ULI M5461 + +[Multiple options for each card instance] + +model + force the model name +position_fix + Fix DMA pointer; + -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller hardware, + 0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work, + 1 = use LPIB, + 2 = POSBUF: use position buffer, + 3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture, + 4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream + 5 = SKL+: apply the delay calculation available on recent Intel chips + 6 = FIFO: correct the position with the fixed FIFO size, for recent AMD chips +probe_mask + Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots); + When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used + as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the + slots regardless what hardware reports back +probe_only + Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off); + Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging +bdl_pos_adj + Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples. + Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate + value based on the controller chip. +patch + Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio setup + before initializing the codecs. + This option is available only when ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y`` + is set. See hd-audio/notes.rst for details. +beep_mode + Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on); + default value is set via ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE`` kconfig. + +[Single (global) options] + +single_cmd + Use single immediate commands to communicate with codecs + (for debugging only) +enable_msi + Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off) +power_save + Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 = disable) +power_save_controller + Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode (default = on) +align_buffer_size + Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples of 128 bytes. + This is more efficient in terms of memory access but isn't + required by the HDA spec and prevents users from specifying + exact period/buffer sizes. (default = on) +snoop + Enable/disable snooping (default = on) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +See hd-audio/notes.rst for more details about HD-audio driver. + +Each codec may have a model table for different configurations. +If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal) +configuration is set up. You can pass ``model=<name>`` option to +specify a certain model in such a case. There are different +models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models +is found in hd-audio/models.rst. + +The model name ``generic`` is treated as a special case. When this +model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without +"codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging. + +The model option can be used also for aliasing to another PCI or codec +SSID. When it's passed in the form of ``model=XXXX:YYYY`` where XXXX +and YYYY are the sub-vendor and sub-device IDs in hex numbers, +respectively, the driver will refer to that SSID as a reference to the +quirk table. + +If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above +matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh +output (with ``--no-upload`` option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel +ML (see the section `Links and Addresses`_). + +``power_save`` and ``power_save_controller`` options are for power-saving +mode. See powersave.rst for details. + +Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option +``position_fix=1`` or ``2``. ``position_fix=1`` will use the SD_LPIB +register value without FIFO size correction as the current +DMA pointer. ``position_fix=2`` will make the driver to use +the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register. +(Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the +position buffer.) + +``position_fix=3`` is specific to VIA devices. The position +of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF +values. ``position_fix=4`` is a combination mode, using LPIB +for playback and POSBUF for capture. + +NB: If you get many ``azx_get_response timeout`` messages at +loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq +routing). Try to boot with options like ``pci=noacpi``. Also, you +can try ``single_cmd=1`` module option. This will switch the +communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the +single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the +single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get +unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently +from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be +avoided as much as possible... + +MORE NOTES ON ``azx_get_response timeout`` PROBLEMS: +On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option +to avoid the ``azx_get_response timeout`` problem above, instead. +This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot +(likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio +bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling +``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE``, or simply from the file name of the codec +proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option. +For example, ``probe_mask=1`` means to probe only the first slot, and +``probe_mask=4`` means only the third slot. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-hdsp +--------------- + +Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s) + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug +when ``CONFIG_FW_LOADER`` is set. Otherwise, you need to load +the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools +package. +The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package. + +Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem +module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance +when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer +allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early +stage of boot sequence. See `Early Buffer Allocation`_ +section. + +Module snd-hdspm +---------------- + +Module for RME HDSP MADI board. + +precise_ptr + Enable precise pointer, or disable. +line_outs_monitor + Send playback streams to analog outs by default. +enable_monitor + Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default. + +See hdspm.rst for details. + +Module snd-ice1712 +------------------ + +Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards. + +* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010 +* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT +* MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496 +* MidiMan M Audio Delta 66 +* MidiMan M Audio Delta 44 +* MidiMan M Audio Delta 410 +* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496 +* TerraTec EWS 88MT +* TerraTec EWS 88D +* TerraTec EWX 24/96 +* TerraTec DMX 6Fire +* TerraTec Phase 88 +* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 +* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value +* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1 +* Event Electronics, EZ8 +* Digigram VX442 +* Lionstracs, Mediastaton +* Terrasoniq TS 88 + +model + Use the given board model, one of the following: + delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410, + delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d, + dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8, + phase88, mediastation +omni + Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66 +cs8427_timeout + reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) in msec + resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. +Note: The consumer part is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for +example in the MidiMan Delta siree). + +Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI +SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the +model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the +driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another +type for testing. + +Module snd-ice1724 +------------------ + +Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards. + +* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1 +* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1 +* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192 +* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000 +* TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky +* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space +* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe +* TerraTec Phase 22 +* TerraTec Phase 28 +* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 +* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT +* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT +* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI +* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2 +* AudioTrak Prodigy 192 +* Pontis MS300 +* Albatron K8X800 Pro II +* Chaintech ZNF3-150 +* Chaintech ZNF3-250 +* Chaintech 9CJS +* Chaintech AV-710 +* Shuttle SN25P +* Onkyo SE-90PCI +* Onkyo SE-200PCI +* ESI Juli@ +* ESI Maya44 +* Hercules Fortissimo IV +* EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M + +model + Use the given board model, one of the following: + revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt, + prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192, + juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800, + phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci, + fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44 + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI +SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the +model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the +driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another +type for testing. + +Module snd-indigo +----------------- + +Module for Echoaudio Indigo + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-indigodj +------------------- + +Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-indigoio +------------------- + +Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-intel8x0 +------------------- + +Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles. + +* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, + 6300ESB, ESB2 +* SiS 7012 (SiS 735) +* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804 CK8, CK8S, MCP501 +* AMD AMD768, AMD8111 +* ALi m5455 + +ac97_clock + AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect) +ac97_quirk + AC'97 workaround for strange hardware; + See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below. +buggy_irq + Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some motherboards + (default yes on nForce chips, otherwise off) +buggy_semaphore + Enable workaround for hardware with buggy semaphores (e.g. on some + ASUS laptops) (default off) +spdif_aclink + Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection from the + controller chip (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default) + +This module supports one chip and autoprobe. + +Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock. +if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock +explicitly via the module option ``ac97_clock=41194``. + +Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your +motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401 +modules, respectively. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-intel8x0m +-------------------- + +Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems. + +* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7 +* SiS 7013 (SiS 735) +* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3 +* AMD AMD8111 +* ALi m5455 + +ac97_clock + AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect) + +This module supports one card and autoprobe. + +Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first +slot is excluded. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-interwave +-------------------- + +Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32 +and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip. + +joystick_dac + 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) +midi + 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default) +pcm_voices + reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2) +effect + 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +port + port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) +irq + IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) +dma1 + DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7) +dma2 + DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable) + +This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP. + +Module snd-interwave-stb +------------------------ + +Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq) +and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T +circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume. + +joystick_dac + 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) +midi + 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default) +pcm_voices + reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2) +effect + 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +port + port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) +port_tc + tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380) +irq + IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15) +dma1 + DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7) +dma2 + DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable) + +This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP. + +Module snd-jazz16 +------------------- + +Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips: +MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514. + +port + port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260) +irq + IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15) +dma8 + DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3) +dma16 + DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7) +mpu_port + MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) +mpu_irq + MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7) + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-korg1212 +------------------- + +Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-layla20 +------------------ + +Module for Echoaudio Layla20 + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-layla24 +------------------ + +Module for Echoaudio Layla24 + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-lola +--------------- + +Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-lx6464es +------------------- + +Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-maestro3 +------------------- + +Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips + +external_amp + enable external amp (enabled by default) +amp_gpio + GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or -1 for default pin (8 + for allegro, 1 for others) + +This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips. + +Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware. +If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to +specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option. +For example, a Panasonic notebook might need ``amp_gpio=0x0d`` +option. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-mia +--------------- + +Module for Echoaudio Mia + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-miro +--------------- + +Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, miroSOUND PCM 12, +miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio. + +port + Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40) +irq + IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11) +dma1 + 1st dma # (0,1,3) +dma2 + 2nd dma # (0,1) +mpu_port + MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) +mpu_irq + MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10) +fm_port + FM Port # (0x388) +wss + enable WSS mode +ide + enable onboard ide support + +Module snd-mixart +----------------- + +Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards. + +This module supports multiple cards. +Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards. +See Documentation/sound/cards/mixart.rst for details. + +When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware +is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically. +Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package. +When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the +firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package. + +Module snd-mona +--------------- + +Module for Echoaudio Mona + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-mpu401 +----------------- + +Module for MPU-401 UART devices. + +port + port number or -1 (disable) +irq + IRQ number or -1 (disable) +pnp + PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +This module supports multiple devices and PnP. + +Module snd-msnd-classic +----------------------- + +Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey +soundcards. + +io + Port # for msnd-classic card +irq + IRQ # for msnd-classic card +mem + Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000) +write_ndelay + enable write ndelay (default = 1) +calibrate_signal + calibrate signal (default = 0) +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) +digital + Digital daughterboard present (default = 0) +cfg + Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP +reset + Reset all devices +mpu_io + MPU401 I/O port +mpu_irq + MPU401 irq# +ide_io0 + IDE port #0 +ide_io1 + IDE port #1 +ide_irq + IDE irq# +joystick_io + Joystick I/O port + +The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/msndinit.bin`` and +``turtlebeach/msndperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory. + +See Documentation/sound/cards/multisound.sh for important information +about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the +Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available +at +https://www.turtlebeach.com + +Module snd-msnd-pinnacle +------------------------ + +Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards. + +io + Port # for pinnacle/fiji card +irq + IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card +mem + Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000) +write_ndelay + enable write ndelay (default = 1) +calibrate_signal + calibrate signal (default = 0) +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/pndspini.bin`` and +``turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory. + +Module snd-mtpav +---------------- + +Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel +port). + +port + I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378) +irq + IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7) +hwports + number of supported hardware ports, default=8. + +Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option. + +Module snd-mts64 +---------------- + +Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140 + +This module supports multiple devices. +Requires parport (``CONFIG_PARPORT``). + +Module snd-nm256 +---------------- + +Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips + +playback_bufsize + max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB) +capture_bufsize + max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB) +force_ac97 + 0 or 1 (disabled by default) +buffer_top + specify buffer top address +use_cache + 0 or 1 (disabled by default) +vaio_hack + alias buffer_top=0x25a800 +reset_workaround + enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops +reset_workaround2 + enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some other laptops + +This module supports one chip and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected +automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization. +In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via +the buffer_top option. +For example, +Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800 +Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800 +The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force +to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a +case, use ``force_ac97=1`` option - but *NO* guarantee whether it +works! + +Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97 +codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work +with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips, +even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try +other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP +but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify ``isapnp=0`` +and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP. + +Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the +known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this +workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a +hard freeze, you can try ``reset_workaround=1`` option. + +Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding +AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is +turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the +previous reset_workaround option doesn't help. + +Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the +OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering. +The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after* +X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load +the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that +you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of +problem. + +Module snd-opl3sa2 +------------------ + +Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards. + +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +port + control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370) +sb_port + SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240) +wss_port + WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) +midi_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable +fm_port + FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable +irq + IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10) +dma1 + first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3) +dma2 + second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable + +This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support +autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!! + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-opti92x-ad1848 +------------------------- + +Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips. +Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well. + +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +port + port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) +fm_port + port # for OPL3 device (0x388) +irq + IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11) +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10) +dma1 + first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) + +This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP. + +Module snd-opti92x-cs4231 +------------------------- + +Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips. + +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +port + port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) +fm_port + port # for OPL3 device (0x388) +irq + IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11) +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10) +dma1 + first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) +dma2 + second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) + +This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP. + +Module snd-opti93x +------------------ + +Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips. + +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available: + +port + port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330) +fm_port + port # for OPL3 device (0x388) +irq + IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11) +mpu_irq + IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10) +dma1 + first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) +dma2 + second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3) + +This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP. + +Module snd-oxygen +----------------- + +Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip: + +* Asound A-8788 +* Asus Xonar DG/DGX +* AuzenTech X-Meridian +* AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G +* Bgears b-Enspirer +* Club3D Theatron DTS +* HT-Omega Claro (plus) +* HT-Omega Claro halo (XT) +* Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI +* Razer Barracuda AC-1 +* Sondigo Inferno +* TempoTec HiFier Fantasia +* TempoTec HiFier Serenade + +This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards. + +Module snd-pcsp +--------------- + +Module for internal PC-Speaker. + +nopcm + Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain. +nforce_wa + enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound. + +This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and +even a few mixer controls. + +Module snd-pcxhr +---------------- + +Module for Digigram PCXHR boards + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-portman2x4 +--------------------- + +Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-powermac (on ppc only) +--------------------------------- + +Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips + +enable_beep + enable beep using PCM (enabled as default) + +Module supports autoprobe a chip. + +Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only) +------------------------------------ + +Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip + +For ARM architecture only. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-riptide +------------------ + +Module for Conexant Riptide chip + +joystick_port + Joystick port # (default: 0x200) +mpu_port + MPU401 port # (default: 0x330) +opl3_port + OPL3 port # (default: 0x388) + +This module supports multiple cards. +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. +You need to install the firmware file ``riptide.hex`` to the standard +firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware). + +Module snd-rme32 +---------------- + +Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32, +Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards. + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-rme96 +---------------- + +Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards. + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-rme9652 +------------------ + +Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards. + +precise_ptr + Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably). (default = 0) + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem +module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance +when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer +allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early +stage of boot sequence. See `Early Buffer Allocation`_ +section. + +Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only) +--------------------------------------- + +Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card. + +Module supports only one card. +Module has no enable and index options. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-sb8 +-------------- + +Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0, SoundBlaster 2.0, +SoundBlaster Pro + +port + port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260) +irq + IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10) +dma8 + DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe +----------------------------- + +Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP), +SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP), SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP + +mic_agc + Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) +csp + ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with isapnp=0, the following options are available: + +port + port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260) +mpu_port + port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable +awe_port + base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660) (snd-sbawe + module only) +irq + IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10) +dma8 + 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3) +dma16 + 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7) + +This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP. + +Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must +disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter. +Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit +half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their +16-bit DMA channel. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-sc6000 +----------------- + +Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600 and +SC-7000. + +port + Port # (0x220 or 0x240) +mss_port + MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80) +irq + IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11) +mpu_irq + MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq +dma + DMA # (1,3,0) +joystick + Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable + +This module supports multiple cards. + +This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302. + +Module snd-sscape +----------------- + +Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards. + +port + Port # (PnP setup) +wss_port + WSS Port # (PnP setup) +irq + IRQ # (PnP setup) +mpu_irq + MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup) +dma + DMA # (PnP setup) +dma2 + 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable) +joystick + Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable + +This module supports multiple cards. + +The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel. + +Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only) +-------------------------------------- + +Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs. + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only) +------------------------------------- + +Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs. + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only) +----------------------------------- + +Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs. + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-wavefront +-------------------- + +Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards. + +use_cs4232_midi + Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface + (inaccessibly located inside your computer) +isapnp + ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default) + +with isapnp=0, the following options are available: + +cs4232_pcm_port + Port # for CS4232 PCM interface. +cs4232_pcm_irq + IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15). +cs4232_mpu_port + Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface. +cs4232_mpu_irq + IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15). +ics2115_port + Port # for ICS2115 +ics2115_irq + IRQ # for ICS2115 +fm_port + FM OPL-3 Port # +dma1 + DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface. +dma2 + DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface. + +The below are options for wavefront_synth features: + +wf_raw + Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no); + If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is + ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway. +fx_raw + Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes); + If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is + when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the + microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for + "default" operation, whatever that means. +debug_default + Debug parameters for card initialization +wait_usecs + How long to wait without sleeping, usecs (default:150); + This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput + based on my limited experimentation. + If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be + my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us + to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible, + without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole + CPU. + Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status + waits, only about 250 result in a sleep. +sleep_interval + How long to sleep when waiting for reply (default: 100) +sleep_tries + How many times to try sleeping during a wait (default: 50) +ospath + Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware (default:wavefront.os); + The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent + version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it + must be installed in the proper path, typically, + /lib/firmware. +reset_time + How long to wait for a reset to take effect (default:2) +ramcheck_time + How many seconds to wait for the RAM test (default:20) +osrun_time + How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS (default:10) + +This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. + +Note: the firmware file ``wavefront.os`` was located in the earlier +version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and +must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware. +Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error +regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel. + +Module snd-sonicvibes +--------------------- + +Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards. +* PINE Schubert 32 PCI + +reverb + Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default); + SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this. +mge + Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +Module snd-serial-u16550 +------------------------ + +Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports. + +port + port # for UART16550A chip +irq + IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode +speed + speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200) + 38400 = default +base + base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800) + 115200 = default +outs + number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4) + 1 = default +adaptor + Type of adaptor. + 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A, + 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic + +This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe +thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional. + +Module snd-trident +------------------ + +Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards. +* Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI +* HIS 4DWave PCI +* Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI +* AzTech PCI 64-Q3D +* Addonics SV 750 +* CHIC True Sound 4Dwave +* Shark Predator4D-PCI +* Jaton SonicWave 4D +* SiS SI7018 PCI Audio +* Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX + +pcm_channels + max channels (voices) reserved for PCM +wavetable_size + max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb) + +This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-ua101 +---------------- + +Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces. + +This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. + +Module snd-usb-audio +-------------------- + +Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices. + +vid + Vendor ID for the device (optional) +pid + Product ID for the device (optional) +nrpacks + Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8) +device_setup + Device specific magic number (optional); + Influence depends on the device + Default: 0x0000 +ignore_ctl_error + Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer interface (default: no) +autoclock + Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes) +quirk_alias + Quirk alias list, pass strings like ``0123abcd:5678beef``, which + applies the existing quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new + device 0123:abcd. +implicit_fb + Apply the generic implicit feedback sync mode. When this is set + and the playback stream sync mode is ASYNC, the driver tries to + tie an adjacent ASYNC capture stream as the implicit feedback + source. This is equivalent with quirk_flags bit 17. +use_vmalloc + Use vmalloc() for allocations of the PCM buffers (default: yes). + For architectures with non-coherent memory like ARM or MIPS, the + mmap access may give inconsistent results with vmalloc'ed + buffers. If mmap is used on such architectures, turn off this + option, so that the DMA-coherent buffers are allocated and used + instead. +delayed_register + The option is needed for devices that have multiple streams + defined in multiple USB interfaces. The driver may invoke + registrations multiple times (once per interface) and this may + lead to the insufficient device enumeration. + This option receives an array of strings, and you can pass + ID:INTERFACE like ``0123abcd:4`` for performing the delayed + registration to the given device. In this example, when a USB + device 0123:abcd is probed, the driver waits the registration + until the USB interface 4 gets probed. + The driver prints a message like "Found post-registration device + assignment: 1234abcd:04" for such a device, so that user can + notice the need. +quirk_flags + Contains the bit flags for various device specific workarounds. + Applied to the corresponding card index. + + * bit 0: Skip reading sample rate for devices + * bit 1: Create Media Controller API entries + * bit 2: Allow alignment on audio sub-slot at transfer + * bit 3: Add length specifier to transfers + * bit 4: Start playback stream at first in implement feedback mode + * bit 5: Skip clock selector setup + * bit 6: Ignore errors from clock source search + * bit 7: Indicates ITF-USB DSD based DACs + * bit 8: Add a delay of 20ms at each control message handling + * bit 9: Add a delay of 1-2ms at each control message handling + * bit 10: Add a delay of 5-6ms at each control message handling + * bit 11: Add a delay of 50ms at each interface setup + * bit 12: Perform sample rate validations at probe + * bit 13: Disable runtime PM autosuspend + * bit 14: Ignore errors for mixer access + * bit 15: Support generic DSD raw U32_BE format + * bit 16: Set up the interface at first like UAC1 + * bit 17: Apply the generic implicit feedback sync mode + * bit 18: Don't apply implicit feedback sync mode + +This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. + +NB: ``nrpacks`` parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs. +Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity +check. + +NB: ``ignore_ctl_error=1`` may help when you get an error at accessing +the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some +buggy USB device or the controller. This workaround corresponds to +the ``quirk_flags`` bit 14, too. + +NB: ``quirk_alias`` option is provided only for testing / development. +If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for +adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically. +Ditto for ``quirk_flags``. If a device is known to require specific +workarounds, please report to the upstream. + +Module snd-usb-caiaq +-------------------- + +Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces, + +* Native Instruments RigKontrol2 +* Native Instruments Kore Controller +* Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1 +* Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ + +This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. + +Module snd-usb-usx2y +-------------------- + +Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices. + +This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. + +Note: you need to load the firmware via ``usx2yloader`` utility included +in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages. + +Module snd-via82xx +------------------ + +Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233, 8233A, +8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge. + +mpu_port + 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup + [VIA686A/686B only] +joystick + Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only] +ac97_clock + AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz) +dxs_support + support DXS channels, 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable, + 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample rate and different + sample rates on different channels [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only] +ac97_quirk + AC'97 workaround for strange hardware; + See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below. + +This module supports one chip and autoprobe. + +Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might +not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to +set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of +default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be +assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS. + +Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound) +channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4 +streams can be played at the same time, and the controller +can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for +each channel. +As default (``dxs_support = 0``), 48k fixed rate is chosen +except for the known devices since the output is often +noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the +bug of BIOS. +Please try once ``dxs_support=5`` and if it works on other +sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us +know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of +``lspci -nv``). +If ``dxs_support=5`` does not work, try ``dxs_support=4``; if it +doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is +usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented +board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't +work and the default setting is ok, ``dxs_support=3`` is the +right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all, +try ``dxs_support=2`` to disable the DXS channels. +In any cases, please let us know the result and the +subsystem vendor/device ids. See `Links and Addresses`_ +below. + +Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver +additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-via82xx-modem +------------------------ + +Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem + +ac97_clock + AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz) + +This module supports one card and autoprobe. + +Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first +slot is excluded. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-virmidi +------------------ + +Module for virtual rawmidi devices. +This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate +to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports. + +midi_devs + MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4) + +This module supports multiple cards. + +Module snd-virtuoso +------------------- + +Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips, +i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe), +Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim. + +This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards. + +Module snd-vx222 +---------------- + +Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards. + +mic + Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI) +ibl + Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size) + +This module supports multiple cards. + +When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware +is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically. +Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package. +When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the +firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke +vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf + +:: + + install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222\ + && /usr/bin/vxloader + +(for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add ``post-install /usr/bin/vxloader`` to +/etc/modules.conf, instead.) +IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size +gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too. +The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest +size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in +/proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-vxpocket +------------------- + +Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards. + +ibl + Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size) + +This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when +PCMCIA is supported on kernel. + +With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card +manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the +sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no +longer require a config file. + +When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware +is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically. +Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package. +When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the +firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. + +About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module. + +Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since +ALSA 1.0.10. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-ymfpci +----------------- + +Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x). + +mpu_port + 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default, + 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only) +fm_port + 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default + 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only) +joystick_port + 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default, + 1 (auto-detect) +rear_switch + enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool) + +This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips. + +The power-management is supported. + +Module snd-pdaudiocf +-------------------- + +Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card. + +The power-management is supported. + + +AC97 Quirk Option +================= + +The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for +specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like +snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master +and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97 +specifications from version to version :-) + +The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices, +but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass +the proper value with this option. + +The following strings are accepted: + +default + Don't override the default setting +none + Disable the quirk +hp_only + Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control +swap_hp + Swap headphone and master controls +swap_surround + Swap master and surround controls +ad_sharing + For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone +alc_jack + For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode +inv_eapd + Inverted EAPD implementation +mute_led + Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED + +For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0, ... +are accepted, too. + +For example, if ``Master`` volume control has no effect on your device +but only ``Headphone`` does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option. + + +Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards +============================ + +When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules +supporting the isapnp cards will have module options ``isapnp``. +If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed. +For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass ``isapnp=0`` option +together with the proper i/o and irq configuration. + +When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option +will be not built in. + + +Module Autoloading Support +========================== + +The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining +module aliases. The string ``snd-card-%1`` is requested for ALSA native +devices where ``%i`` is sound card number from zero to seven. + +To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string +``sound-slot-%i`` where ``%i`` means the slot number for OSS, which +corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this +as the same card module. + +An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below: +:: + + ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf + alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1 + alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1 + ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf + +The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module +option ``cards_limit`` of snd module. As default it's set to 1. +To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of +sound cards in that option. + +When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index +number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of +cards is kept consistent. + +An example configuration for two sound cards is like below: +:: + + ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf + # ALSA portion + options snd cards_limit=2 + alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave + alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371 + options snd-interwave index=0 + options snd-ens1371 index=1 + # OSS/Free portion + alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave + alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371 + ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf + +In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card +(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1). + +Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use +``slots`` option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the +following: +:: + + options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371 + +Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and +the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each +driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at +the same time as long as they don't conflict). + +The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible +hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the +case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any +other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or +snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot. + +When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any +modules but that name. For example, ``slots=!snd-pcsp`` will reserve +the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp. + + +ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping +======================================= +:: + + /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4 + /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3 + /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12 + /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20 + /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19 + /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28 + /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36 + /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39 + /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44 + +The first number from ``/dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p]`` expression means +sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices +have either ``c`` or ``p`` suffix indicating the direction, capture and +playback, respectively. + +Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module +options of snd-pcm-oss module. + + +Proc interfaces (/proc/asound) +============================== + +/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss +------------------------------- +erase + erase all additional information about OSS applications + +<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>] + <app_name> + name of application with (higher priority) or without path + <fragments> + number of fragments or zero if auto + <fragment_size> + size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto + <options> + optional parameters + + disable + the application tries to open a pcm device for + this channel but does not want to use it. + (Cause a bug or mmap needs) + It's good for Quake etc... + direct + don't use plugins + block + force block mode (rvplayer) + non-block + force non-block mode + whole-frag + write only whole fragments (optimization affecting + playback only) + no-silence + do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks + buggy-ptr + Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl + instead of filled blocks + +Example: +:: + + echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss + echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss + echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss + + +Early Buffer Allocation +======================= + +Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and +sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is +actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the +PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its +proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like +``/etc/init.d/*.local`` scripts. + +Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current +usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following +commands to the snd-page-alloc driver: + +* add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS + +VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take +integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex). +MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted. +SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass +k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB. +BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater +than 0. The max number is 4. + +* erase + +This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in +use. + + +Links and Addresses +=================== + +ALSA project homepage + http://www.alsa-project.org +Kernel Bugzilla + http://bugzilla.kernel.org/ +ALSA Developers ML + mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org +alsa-info.sh script + https://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh |