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Diffstat (limited to 'man/man1/postfix.1')
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diff --git a/man/man1/postfix.1 b/man/man1/postfix.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..21681de --- /dev/null +++ b/man/man1/postfix.1 @@ -0,0 +1,433 @@ +.TH POSTFIX 1 +.ad +.fi +.SH NAME +postfix +\- +Postfix control program +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.na +.nf +.fi +\fBpostfix\fR [\fB\-Dv\fR] [\fB\-c \fIconfig_dir\fR] \fIcommand\fR +.SH DESCRIPTION +.ad +.fi +This command is reserved for the superuser. To submit mail, +use the Postfix \fBsendmail\fR(1) command. + +The \fBpostfix\fR(1) command controls the operation of the Postfix +mail system: start or stop the \fBmaster\fR(8) daemon, do a health +check, and other maintenance. + +By default, the \fBpostfix\fR(1) command sets up a standardized +environment and runs the \fBpostfix\-script\fR shell script +to do the actual work. + +However, when support for multiple Postfix instances is +configured, \fBpostfix\fR(1) executes the command specified +with the \fBmulti_instance_wrapper\fR configuration parameter. +This command will execute the \fIcommand\fR for each +applicable Postfix instance. + +The following commands are implemented: +.IP \fBcheck\fR +Warn about bad directory/file ownership or permissions, +and create missing directories. +.IP \fBstart\fR +Start the Postfix mail system. This also runs the configuration +check described above. +.IP \fBstart\-fg\fR +Like \fBstart\fR, but keep the \fBmaster\fR(8) daemon running +in the foreground, and enable \fBmaster\fR(8) "init" mode +when running as PID 1. +This command requires that multi\-instance support is +disabled (i.e. the multi_instance_directories parameter +value must be empty). + +When running Postfix inside a container, see MAILLOG_README +for logging to stdout. Postfix logs to syslog by default, +which requires a) running a syslogd process inside the +container, or b) mounting the container host's /dev/log +socket inside the container (example: "docker run \-v +/dev/log:/dev/log ..."), and c) a distinct Postfix "syslog_name" +prefix that identifies logging from the Postfix instance. +.IP \fBstop\fR +Stop the Postfix mail system in an orderly fashion. If +possible, running processes are allowed to terminate at +their earliest convenience. +.sp +Note: in order to refresh the Postfix mail system after a +configuration change, do not use the \fBstart\fR and \fBstop\fR +commands in succession. Use the \fBreload\fR command instead. +.IP \fBabort\fR +Stop the Postfix mail system abruptly. Running processes are +signaled to stop immediately. +.IP \fBflush\fR +Force delivery: attempt to deliver every message in the deferred +mail queue. Normally, attempts to deliver delayed mail happen at +regular intervals, the interval doubling after each failed attempt. +.sp +Warning: flushing undeliverable mail frequently will result in +poor delivery performance of all other mail. +.IP \fBreload\fR +Re\-read configuration files. Running processes terminate at their +earliest convenience. +.IP \fBstatus\fR +Indicate if the Postfix mail system is currently running. +.IP "\fBset\-permissions\fR [\fIname\fR=\fIvalue ...\fR]" +Set the ownership and permissions of Postfix related files and +directories, as specified in the \fBpostfix\-files\fR file. +.sp +Specify \fIname\fR=\fIvalue\fR to override and update specific +main.cf configuration parameters. Use this, for example, to +change the \fBmail_owner\fR or \fBsetgid_group\fR setting for an +already installed Postfix system. +.sp +This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. With +Postfix 2.0 and earlier, use "\fB$config_directory/post\-install +set\-permissions\fR". +.IP "\fBlogrotate\fR" +Rotate the logfile specified with $maillog_file, by appending +a time\-stamp suffix that is formatted according to +$maillog_file_rotate_suffix, and by compressing the file +with the command specified with $maillog_file_compressor. +This will not rotate /dev/* files. +.sp +This feature is available in Postfix 3.4 and later. +.IP "\fBtls\fR \fIsubcommand\fR" +Enable opportunistic TLS in the Postfix SMTP client or +server, and manage Postfix SMTP server TLS private keys and +certificates. See postfix\-tls(1) for documentation. +.sp +This feature is available in Postfix 3.1 and later. +.IP "\fBupgrade\-configuration\fR [\fIname\fR=\fIvalue ...\fR]" +Update the \fBmain.cf\fR and \fBmaster.cf\fR files with information +that Postfix needs in order to run: add or update services, and add +or update configuration parameter settings. +.sp +Specify \fIname\fR=\fIvalue\fR to override and update specific +main.cf configuration parameters. +.sp +This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. With +Postfix 2.0 and earlier, use "\fB$config_directory/post\-install +upgrade\-configuration\fR". +.PP +The following options are implemented: +.IP "\fB\-c \fIconfig_dir\fR" +Read the \fBmain.cf\fR and \fBmaster.cf\fR configuration files in +the named directory instead of the default configuration directory. +Use this to distinguish between multiple Postfix instances on the +same host. + +With Postfix 2.6 and later, this option forces the postfix(1) +command to operate on the specified Postfix instance only. +This behavior is inherited by postfix(1) commands that run +as a descendant of the current process. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR (with \fBpostfix start\fR only)" +Run each Postfix daemon under control of a debugger as specified +via the \fBdebugger_command\fR configuration parameter. +.IP \fB\-v\fR +Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple \fB\-v\fR +options make the software increasingly verbose. +.SH "ENVIRONMENT" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The \fBpostfix\fR(1) command exports the following environment +variables before executing the \fBpostfix\-script\fR file: +.IP \fBMAIL_CONFIG\fR +This is set when the \-c command\-line option is present. + +With Postfix 2.6 and later, this environment variable forces +the postfix(1) command to operate on the specified Postfix +instance only. This behavior is inherited by postfix(1) +commands that run as a descendant of the current process. +.IP \fBMAIL_VERBOSE\fR +This is set when the \-v command\-line option is present. +.IP \fBMAIL_DEBUG\fR +This is set when the \-D command\-line option is present. +.PP +When the internal logging service is enabled (by setting a +non\-empty maillog_file parameter value) the postfix(1) +command exports settings that are used by child processes +before they have processed main.cf or command\-line settings. +.IP \fBPOSTLOG_SERVICE +The name of the public postlog service endpoint. +.IP \fBPOSTLOG_HOSTNAME +The hostname to prepend to internal logging. +.SH "CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The following \fBmain.cf\fR configuration parameters are +exported as environment variables with the same names: +.IP "\fBconfig_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf +configuration files. +.IP "\fBcommand_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The location of all postfix administrative commands. +.IP "\fBdaemon_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The directory with Postfix support programs and daemon programs. +.IP "\fBhtml_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The location of Postfix HTML files that describe how to build, +configure or operate a specific Postfix subsystem or feature. +.IP "\fBmail_owner (postfix)\fR" +The UNIX system account that owns the Postfix queue and most Postfix +daemon processes. +.IP "\fBmailq_path (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies where the Postfix +\fBmailq\fR(1) command is installed. +.IP "\fBmanpage_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +Where the Postfix manual pages are installed. +.IP "\fBnewaliases_path (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies the location of the +\fBnewaliases\fR(1) command. +.IP "\fBqueue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The location of the Postfix top\-level queue directory. +.IP "\fBreadme_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The location of Postfix README files that describe how to build, +configure or operate a specific Postfix subsystem or feature. +.IP "\fBsendmail_path (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +A Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies the location of +the Postfix \fBsendmail\fR(1) command. +.IP "\fBsetgid_group (postdrop)\fR" +The group ownership of set\-gid Postfix commands and of group\-writable +Postfix directories. +.PP +Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later: +.IP "\fBdata_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The directory with Postfix\-writable data files (for example: +caches, pseudo\-random numbers). +.PP +Available in Postfix version 3.0 and later: +.IP "\fBcompatibility_level (0)\fR" +A safety net that causes Postfix to run with backwards\-compatible +default settings after an upgrade to a newer Postfix version. +.IP "\fBmeta_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The location of non\-executable files that are shared among +multiple Postfix instances, such as postfix\-files, dynamicmaps.cf, +and the multi\-instance template files main.cf.proto and master.cf.proto. +.IP "\fBshlib_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The location of Postfix dynamically\-linked libraries +(libpostfix\-*.so), and the default location of Postfix database +plugins (postfix\-*.so) that have a relative pathname in the +dynamicmaps.cf file. +.PP +Available in Postfix version 3.1 and later: +.IP "\fBopenssl_path (openssl)\fR" +The location of the OpenSSL command line program \fBopenssl\fR(1). +.PP +Other configuration parameters: +.IP "\fBimport_environment (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +The list of environment variables that a privileged Postfix +process will import from a non\-Postfix parent process, or name=value +environment overrides. +.IP "\fBsyslog_facility (mail)\fR" +The syslog facility of Postfix logging. +.IP "\fBsyslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" +A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog +records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd". +.PP +Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later: +.IP "\fBmulti_instance_directories (empty)\fR" +An optional list of non\-default Postfix configuration directories; +these directories belong to additional Postfix instances that share +the Postfix executable files and documentation with the default +Postfix instance, and that are started, stopped, etc., together +with the default Postfix instance. +.IP "\fBmulti_instance_wrapper (empty)\fR" +The pathname of a multi\-instance manager command that the +\fBpostfix\fR(1) command invokes when the multi_instance_directories +parameter value is non\-empty. +.IP "\fBmulti_instance_group (empty)\fR" +The optional instance group name of this Postfix instance. +.IP "\fBmulti_instance_name (empty)\fR" +The optional instance name of this Postfix instance. +.IP "\fBmulti_instance_enable (no)\fR" +Allow this Postfix instance to be started, stopped, etc., by a +multi\-instance manager. +.PP +Available in Postfix version 3.4 and later: +.IP "\fBmaillog_file (empty)\fR" +The name of an optional logfile that is written by the Postfix +\fBpostlogd\fR(8) service. +.IP "\fBmaillog_file_compressor (gzip)\fR" +The program to run after rotating $maillog_file with "postfix +logrotate". +.IP "\fBmaillog_file_prefixes (/var, /dev/stdout)\fR" +A list of allowed prefixes for a maillog_file value. +.IP "\fBmaillog_file_rotate_suffix (%Y%m%d\-%H%M%S)\fR" +The format of the suffix to append to $maillog_file while rotating +the file with "postfix logrotate". +.IP "\fBpostlog_service_name (postlog)\fR" +The name of the \fBpostlogd\fR(8) service entry in master.cf. +.SH "FILES" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +Prior to Postfix version 2.6, all of the following files +were in \fB$config_directory\fR. Some files are now in +\fB$daemon_directory\fR or \fB$meta_directory\fR so that they +can be shared among multiple instances that run the same Postfix +version. + +Use the command "\fBpostconf config_directory\fR" or +"\fBpostconf daemon_directory\fR" to expand the names +into their actual values. +.na +.nf + +$config_directory/main.cf, Postfix configuration parameters +$config_directory/master.cf, Postfix daemon processes +$daemon_directory/postfix\-script, administrative commands +$daemon_directory/post\-install, post\-installation configuration +$meta_directory/dynamicmaps.cf, plug\-in database clients +$meta_directory/postfix\-files, file/directory permissions +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.na +.nf +Commands: +postalias(1), create/update/query alias database +postcat(1), examine Postfix queue file +postconf(1), Postfix configuration utility +postdrop(1), Postfix mail posting utility +postfix(1), Postfix control program +postfix\-tls(1), Postfix TLS management +postkick(1), trigger Postfix daemon +postlock(1), Postfix\-compatible locking +postlog(1), Postfix\-compatible logging +postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager +postmulti(1), Postfix multi\-instance manager +postqueue(1), Postfix mail queue control +postsuper(1), Postfix housekeeping +mailq(1), Sendmail compatibility interface +newaliases(1), Sendmail compatibility interface +sendmail(1), Sendmail compatibility interface + +Postfix configuration: +bounce(5), Postfix bounce message templates +master(5), Postfix master.cf file syntax +postconf(5), Postfix main.cf file syntax +postfix\-wrapper(5), Postfix multi\-instance API + +Table\-driven mechanisms: +access(5), Postfix SMTP access control table +aliases(5), Postfix alias database +canonical(5), Postfix input address rewriting +generic(5), Postfix output address rewriting +header_checks(5), body_checks(5), Postfix content inspection +relocated(5), Users that have moved +transport(5), Postfix routing table +virtual(5), Postfix virtual aliasing + +Table lookup mechanisms: +cidr_table(5), Associate CIDR pattern with value +ldap_table(5), Postfix LDAP client +lmdb_table(5), Postfix LMDB database driver +memcache_table(5), Postfix memcache client +mysql_table(5), Postfix MYSQL client +nisplus_table(5), Postfix NIS+ client +pcre_table(5), Associate PCRE pattern with value +pgsql_table(5), Postfix PostgreSQL client +regexp_table(5), Associate POSIX regexp pattern with value +socketmap_table(5), Postfix socketmap client +sqlite_table(5), Postfix SQLite database driver +tcp_table(5), Postfix client\-server table lookup + +Daemon processes: +anvil(8), Postfix connection/rate limiting +bounce(8), defer(8), trace(8), Delivery status reports +cleanup(8), canonicalize and enqueue message +discard(8), Postfix discard delivery agent +dnsblog(8), DNS allow/denylist logger +error(8), Postfix error delivery agent +flush(8), Postfix fast ETRN service +local(8), Postfix local delivery agent +master(8), Postfix master daemon +oqmgr(8), old Postfix queue manager +pickup(8), Postfix local mail pickup +pipe(8), deliver mail to non\-Postfix command +postlogd(8), Postfix internal logging service +postscreen(8), Postfix zombie blocker +proxymap(8), Postfix lookup table proxy server +qmgr(8), Postfix queue manager +qmqpd(8), Postfix QMQP server +scache(8), Postfix connection cache manager +showq(8), list Postfix mail queue +smtp(8), lmtp(8), Postfix SMTP+LMTP client +smtpd(8), Postfix SMTP server +spawn(8), run non\-Postfix server +tlsmgr(8), Postfix TLS cache and randomness manager +tlsproxy(8), Postfix TLS proxy server +trivial\-rewrite(8), Postfix address rewriting +verify(8), Postfix address verification +virtual(8), Postfix virtual delivery agent + +Other: +syslogd(8), system logging +.SH "README FILES" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +Use "\fBpostconf readme_directory\fR" or +"\fBpostconf html_directory\fR" to locate this information. +.na +.nf +OVERVIEW, overview of Postfix commands and processes +BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README, Postfix basic configuration +ADDRESS_REWRITING_README, Postfix address rewriting +SMTPD_ACCESS_README, SMTP relay/access control +CONTENT_INSPECTION_README, Postfix content inspection +QSHAPE_README, Postfix queue analysis +.SH "LICENSE" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. +.SH "AUTHOR(S)" +.na +.nf +Wietse Venema +IBM T.J. Watson Research +P.O. Box 704 +Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA + +Wietse Venema +Google, Inc. +111 8th Avenue +New York, NY 10011, USA + +TLS support by: +Lutz Jaenicke +Brandenburg University of Technology +Cottbus, Germany + +Victor Duchovni +Morgan Stanley + +SASL support originally by: +Till Franke +SuSE Rhein/Main AG +65760 Eschborn, Germany + +LMTP support originally by: +Philip A. Prindeville +Mirapoint, Inc. +USA. + +Amos Gouaux +University of Texas at Dallas +P.O. Box 830688, MC34 +Richardson, TX 75083, USA + +IPv6 support originally by: +Mark Huizer, Eindhoven University, The Netherlands +Jun\-ichiro 'itojun' Hagino, KAME project, Japan +The Linux PLD project +Dean Strik, Eindhoven University, The Netherlands |