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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-07 15:01:30 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-07 15:01:30 +0000
commit6beeb1b708550be0d4a53b272283e17e5e35fe17 (patch)
tree1ce8673d4aaa948e5554000101f46536a1e4cc29 /docs/manual/mod/mod_authn_socache.html.en
parentInitial commit. (diff)
downloadapache2-6beeb1b708550be0d4a53b272283e17e5e35fe17.tar.xz
apache2-6beeb1b708550be0d4a53b272283e17e5e35fe17.zip
Adding upstream version 2.4.57.upstream/2.4.57upstream
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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+<title>mod_authn_socache - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
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+<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p>
+<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<div id="path">
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> &gt; <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
+<div id="page-content">
+<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_authn_socache</h1>
+<div class="toplang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authn_socache.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../fr/mod/mod_authn_socache.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div>
+<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Manages a cache of authentication credentials to relieve
+the load on backends</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>authn_socache_module</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_authn_socache.c</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Version 2.3 and later</td></tr></table>
+<h3>Summary</h3>
+
+ <p>Maintains a cache of authentication credentials, so that a new backend
+ lookup is not required for every authenticated request.</p>
+</div>
+<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><h3>Topics</h3>
+<ul id="topics">
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#intro">Authentication Caching</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#usage">Usage</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#dev">Caching with custom modules</a></li>
+</ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
+<ul id="toc">
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authncachecontext">AuthnCacheContext</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authncacheenable">AuthnCacheEnable</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authncacheprovidefor">AuthnCacheProvideFor</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authncachesocache">AuthnCacheSOCache</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authncachetimeout">AuthnCacheTimeout</a></li>
+</ul>
+<h3>Bugfix checklist</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/CHANGES_2.4">httpd changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?bug_status=__open__&amp;list_id=144532&amp;product=Apache%20httpd-2&amp;query_format=specific&amp;order=changeddate%20DESC%2Cpriority%2Cbug_severity&amp;component=mod_authn_socache">Known issues</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=Apache%20httpd-2&amp;component=mod_authn_socache">Report a bug</a></li></ul><h3>See also</h3>
+<ul class="seealso">
+<li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="intro" id="intro">Authentication Caching</a></h2>
+ <p>Some users of more heavyweight authentication such as SQL database
+ lookups (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>) have reported it putting an
+ unacceptable load on their authentication provider. A typical case
+ in point is where an HTML page contains hundreds of objects
+ (images, scripts, stylesheets, media, etc), and a request to the page
+ generates hundreds of effectively-immediate requests for authenticated
+ additional contents.</p>
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_socache.html">mod_authn_socache</a></code> provides a solution to this problem by
+ maintaining a cache of authentication credentials.</p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="usage" id="usage">Usage</a></h2>
+ <p>The authentication cache should be used where authentication
+ lookups impose a significant load on the server, or a backend or
+ network. Authentication by file (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code>)
+ or dbm (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code>) are unlikely to benefit,
+ as these are fast and lightweight in their own right (though in some
+ cases, such as a network-mounted file, caching may be worthwhile).
+ Other providers such as SQL or LDAP based authentication are more
+ likely to benefit, particularly where there is an observed
+ performance issue. Amongst the standard modules, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> manages its own cache, so only
+ <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code> will usually benefit from this cache.</p>
+ <p>The basic rules to cache for a provider are:</p>
+ <ol><li>Include the provider you're caching for in an
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#authncacheprovidefor">AuthnCacheProvideFor</a></code> directive.</li>
+ <li>List <var>socache</var> ahead of the provider you're
+ caching for in your <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html#authdigestprovider">AuthDigestProvider</a></code> directive.</li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>A simple usage example to accelerate <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>
+ using dbm as a cache engine:</p>
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">#AuthnCacheSOCache is optional. If specified, it is server-wide
+AuthnCacheSOCache dbm
+&lt;Directory "/usr/www/myhost/private"&gt;
+ AuthType Basic
+ AuthName "Cached Authentication Example"
+ AuthBasicProvider socache dbd
+ AuthDBDUserPWQuery "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s"
+ AuthnCacheProvideFor dbd
+ Require valid-user
+ #Optional
+ AuthnCacheContext dbd-authn-example
+&lt;/Directory&gt;</pre>
+
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="dev" id="dev">Caching with custom modules</a></h2>
+ <p>Module developers should note that their modules must be enabled
+ for caching with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_socache.html">mod_authn_socache</a></code>. A single optional API function
+ <var>ap_authn_cache_store</var> is provided to cache credentials
+ a provider has just looked up or generated. Usage examples are
+ available in <a href="http://svn.eu.apache.org/viewvc?view=revision&amp;revision=957072">r957072</a>, in which three authn providers are enabled for caching.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthnCacheContext" id="AuthnCacheContext">AuthnCacheContext</a> <a name="authncachecontext" id="authncachecontext">Directive</a></h2>
+<table class="directive">
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify a context string for use in the cache key</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthnCacheContext directory|server|<var>custom-string</var></code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthnCacheContext directory</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authn_socache</td></tr>
+</table>
+ <p>This directive specifies a string to be used along with the supplied
+ username (and realm in the case of Digest Authentication) in constructing
+ a cache key. This serves to disambiguate identical usernames serving
+ different authentication areas on the server.</p>
+ <p>Two special values for this are <code>directory</code>, which uses
+ the directory context of the request as a string, and <code>server</code>
+ which uses the virtual host name.</p>
+ <p>The default is <code>directory</code>, which is also the most
+ conservative setting. This is likely to be less than optimal, as it
+ (for example) causes <var>$app-base</var>, <var>$app-base/images</var>,
+ <var>$app-base/scripts</var> and <var>$app-base/media</var> each to
+ have its own separate cache key. A better policy is to name the
+ <code class="directive">AuthnCacheContext</code> for the password
+ provider: for example a <var>htpasswd</var> file or database table.</p>
+ <p>Contexts can be shared across different areas of a server, where
+ credentials are shared. However, this has potential to become a vector
+ for cross-site or cross-application security breaches, so this directive
+ is not permitted in <var>.htaccess</var> contexts.</p>
+
+</div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthnCacheEnable" id="AuthnCacheEnable">AuthnCacheEnable</a> <a name="authncacheenable" id="authncacheenable">Directive</a></h2>
+<table class="directive">
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Enable Authn caching configured anywhere</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthnCacheEnable</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authn_socache</td></tr>
+</table>
+ <p>This directive is not normally necessary: it is implied if
+ authentication caching is enabled anywhere in <var>httpd.conf</var>.
+ However, if it is not enabled anywhere in <var>httpd.conf</var>
+ it will by default not be initialised, and is therefore not
+ available in a <var>.htaccess</var> context. This directive
+ ensures it is initialised so it can be used in <var>.htaccess</var>.</p>
+
+</div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthnCacheProvideFor" id="AuthnCacheProvideFor">AuthnCacheProvideFor</a> <a name="authncacheprovidefor" id="authncacheprovidefor">Directive</a></h2>
+<table class="directive">
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify which authn provider(s) to cache for</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthnCacheProvideFor <var>authn-provider</var> [...]</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>None</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authn_socache</td></tr>
+</table>
+ <p>This directive specifies an authentication provider or providers
+ to cache for. Credentials found by a provider not listed in an
+ <code class="directive">AuthnCacheProvideFor</code> directive will not be cached.</p>
+
+ <p>For example, to cache credentials found by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>
+ or by a custom provider <var>myprovider</var>, but leave those looked
+ up by lightweight providers like file or dbm lookup alone:</p>
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">AuthnCacheProvideFor dbd myprovider</pre>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthnCacheSOCache" id="AuthnCacheSOCache">AuthnCacheSOCache</a> <a name="authncachesocache" id="authncachesocache">Directive</a></h2>
+<table class="directive">
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Select socache backend provider to use</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthnCacheSOCache <var>provider-name[:provider-args]</var></code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authn_socache</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Optional provider arguments are available in
+Apache HTTP Server 2.4.7 and later</td></tr>
+</table>
+ <p>This is a server-wide setting to select a provider for the
+ <a href="../socache.html">shared object cache</a>, followed by
+ optional arguments for that provider.
+ Some possible values for <var>provider-name</var> are "dbm", "dc",
+ "memcache", or "shmcb", each subject to the appropriate module
+ being loaded. If not set, your platform's default will be used.</p>
+
+</div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthnCacheTimeout" id="AuthnCacheTimeout">AuthnCacheTimeout</a> <a name="authncachetimeout" id="authncachetimeout">Directive</a></h2>
+<table class="directive">
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Set a timeout for cache entries</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthnCacheTimeout <var>timeout</var> (seconds)</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthnCacheTimeout 300 (5 minutes)</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authn_socache</td></tr>
+</table>
+ <p>Caching authentication data can be a security issue, though short-term
+ caching is unlikely to be a problem. Typically a good solution is to
+ cache credentials for as long as it takes to relieve the load on a
+ backend, but no longer, though if changes to your users and passwords
+ are infrequent then a longer timeout may suit you. The default 300
+ seconds (5 minutes) is both cautious and ample to keep the load
+ on a backend such as dbd (SQL database queries) down.</p>
+ <p>This should not be confused with session timeout, which is an
+ entirely separate issue. However, you may wish to check your
+ session-management software for whether cached credentials can
+ "accidentally" extend a session, and bear it in mind when setting
+ your timeout.</p>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="bottomlang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authn_socache.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../fr/mod/mod_authn_socache.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&amp;A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Libera.chat, or sent to our <a href="https://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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