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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
+<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
+<!--
+ XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
+ This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
+ XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
+ -->
+<title>Starting Apache - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" />
+<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript">
+</script>
+
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.png" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<div id="path">
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="./">Version 2.4</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Starting Apache</h1>
+<div class="toplang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch">&nbsp;de&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./en/invoking.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español">&nbsp;es&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./fr/invoking.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./tr/invoking.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div>
+
+ <p>On Windows, Apache is normally run as a service.
+ For details, see <a href="platform/windows.html#winsvc">Running Apache as a Service</a>.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>On Unix, the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> program
+ is run as a daemon that executes continuously in the
+ background to handle requests. This document describes how
+ to invoke <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</p>
+</div>
+<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startup">How Apache Starts</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errors">Errors During Start-up</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#info">Additional Information</a></li>
+</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting</a></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="startup" id="startup">How Apache Starts</a></h2>
+
+ <p>If the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
+ specified in the configuration file is default of 80 (or any other
+ port below 1024), then it is necessary to have root privileges in
+ order to start apache, so that it can bind to this privileged
+ port. Once the server has started and performed a few preliminary
+ activities such as opening its log files, it will launch several
+ <em>child</em> processes which do the work of listening for and
+ answering requests from clients. The main <code>httpd</code>
+ process continues to run as the root user, but the child processes
+ run as a less privileged user. This is controlled by the selected
+ <a href="mpm.html">Multi-Processing Module</a>.</p>
+
+ <p>The recommended method of invoking the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
+ executable is to use the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> control script. This
+ script sets certain environment variables that are necessary for
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> to function correctly under some operating
+ systems, and then invokes the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary.
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> will pass through any command line
+ arguments, so any <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> options may also be used with
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code>. You may also directly edit the
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script by changing the <code>HTTPD</code>
+ variable near the top to specify the correct location of the
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary and any command-line arguments that you
+ wish to be <em>always</em> present.</p>
+
+ <p>The first thing that <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> does when it is
+ invoked is to locate and read the <a href="configuring.html">configuration file</a>
+ <code>httpd.conf</code>. The location of this file is set at
+ compile-time, but it is possible to specify its location at run
+ time using the <code>-f</code> command-line option as in</p>
+
+<div class="example"><p><code>/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -f
+ /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</code></p></div>
+
+ <p>If all goes well during startup, the server will detach from
+ the terminal and the command prompt will return almost
+ immediately. This indicates that the server is up and running.
+ You can then use your browser to connect to the server and view
+ the test page in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directory.</p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="errors" id="errors">Errors During Start-up</a></h2>
+
+ <p>If Apache suffers a fatal problem during startup, it will
+ write a message describing the problem either to the console or
+ to the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> before
+ exiting. One of the most common error messages is "<code>Unable
+ to bind to Port ...</code>". This message is usually caused by
+ either:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>Trying to start the server on a privileged port when not
+ logged in as the root user; or</li>
+
+ <li>Trying to start the server when there is another instance
+ of Apache or some other web server already bound to the same
+ Port.</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>For further trouble-shooting instructions, consult the
+ Apache <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a>.</p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="boot" id="boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></h2>
+
+ <p>If you want your server to continue running after a system
+ reboot, you should add a call to <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> to your
+ system startup files (typically <code>rc.local</code> or a file in
+ an <code>rc.N</code> directory). This will start Apache as
+ root. Before doing this ensure that your server is properly
+ configured for security and access restrictions.</p>
+
+ <p>The <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script is designed to act like a
+ standard SysV init script; it can take the arguments
+ <code>start</code>, <code>restart</code>, and <code>stop</code>
+ and translate them into the appropriate signals to
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>. So you can often simply link
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> into the appropriate init directory. But be
+ sure to check the exact requirements of your system.</p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="info" id="info">Additional Information</a></h2>
+
+ <p>Additional information about the command-line options of <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> and <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> as well as other support
+ programs included with the server is available on the
+ <a href="programs/">Server and Supporting Programs</a> page.
+ There is also documentation on all the <a href="mod/">modules</a> included with the Apache distribution
+ and the <a href="mod/directives.html">directives</a> that they
+ provide.</p>
+</div></div>
+<div class="bottomlang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch">&nbsp;de&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./en/invoking.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español">&nbsp;es&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./fr/invoking.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="./tr/invoking.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&amp;A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Libera.chat, or sent to our <a href="https://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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+<p class="apache">Copyright 2023 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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