Adding upstream version 16.2.11+ds.upstream/16.2.11+dsupstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 711 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/jaegertracing/thrift/lib/rb/ext/struct.c b/src/jaegertracing/thrift/lib/rb/ext/struct.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3aa855ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jaegertracing/thrift/lib/rb/ext/struct.c
@@ -0,0 +1,711 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "struct.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "macros.h"
+#include "strlcpy.h"
+
+VALUE thrift_union_class;
+
+ID setfield_id;
+ID setvalue_id;
+
+ID to_s_method_id;
+ID name_to_id_method_id;
+static ID sorted_field_ids_method_id;
+
+#define IS_CONTAINER(ttype) ((ttype) == TTYPE_MAP || (ttype) == TTYPE_LIST || (ttype) == TTYPE_SET)
+#define STRUCT_FIELDS(obj) rb_const_get(CLASS_OF(obj), fields_const_id)
+
+//-------------------------------------------
+// Writing section
+//-------------------------------------------
+
+// default fn pointers for protocol stuff here
+
+VALUE default_write_bool(VALUE protocol, VALUE value) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_boolean_method_id, 1, value);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_byte(VALUE protocol, VALUE value) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_byte_method_id, 1, value);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_i16(VALUE protocol, VALUE value) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_i16_method_id, 1, value);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_i32(VALUE protocol, VALUE value) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_i32_method_id, 1, value);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_i64(VALUE protocol, VALUE value) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_i64_method_id, 1, value);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_double(VALUE protocol, VALUE value) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_double_method_id, 1, value);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_string(VALUE protocol, VALUE value) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_string_method_id, 1, value);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_binary(VALUE protocol, VALUE value) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_binary_method_id, 1, value);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_list_begin(VALUE protocol, VALUE etype, VALUE length) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_list_begin_method_id, 2, etype, length);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_list_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_list_end_method_id, 0);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_set_begin(VALUE protocol, VALUE etype, VALUE length) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_set_begin_method_id, 2, etype, length);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_set_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_set_end_method_id, 0);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_map_begin(VALUE protocol, VALUE ktype, VALUE vtype, VALUE length) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_map_begin_method_id, 3, ktype, vtype, length);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_map_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_map_end_method_id, 0);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_struct_begin(VALUE protocol, VALUE struct_name) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_struct_begin_method_id, 1, struct_name);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_struct_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_struct_end_method_id, 0);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_field_begin(VALUE protocol, VALUE name, VALUE type, VALUE id) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_field_begin_method_id, 3, name, type, id);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_field_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_field_end_method_id, 0);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_write_field_stop(VALUE protocol) {
+  rb_funcall(protocol, write_field_stop_method_id, 0);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_field_begin(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_field_begin_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_field_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_field_end_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_map_begin(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_map_begin_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_map_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_map_end_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_list_begin(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_list_begin_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_list_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_list_end_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_set_begin(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_set_begin_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_set_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_set_end_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_byte(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_byte_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_bool(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_bool_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_i16(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_i16_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_i32(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_i32_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_i64(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_i64_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_double(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_double_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_string(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_string_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_binary(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_binary_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_struct_begin(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_struct_begin_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+VALUE default_read_struct_end(VALUE protocol) {
+  return rb_funcall(protocol, read_struct_end_method_id, 0);
+}
+
+// end default protocol methods
+
+static VALUE rb_thrift_union_write (VALUE self, VALUE protocol);
+static VALUE rb_thrift_struct_write(VALUE self, VALUE protocol);
+static void write_anything(int ttype, VALUE value, VALUE protocol, VALUE field_info);
+
+VALUE get_field_value(VALUE obj, VALUE field_name) {
+  char name_buf[RSTRING_LEN(field_name) + 2];
+
+  name_buf[0] = '@';
+  strlcpy(&name_buf[1], RSTRING_PTR(field_name), RSTRING_LEN(field_name) + 1);
+
+  VALUE value = rb_ivar_get(obj, rb_intern(name_buf));
+
+  return value;
+}
+
+static void write_container(int ttype, VALUE field_info, VALUE value, VALUE protocol) {
+  int sz, i;
+
+  if (ttype == TTYPE_MAP) {
+    VALUE keys;
+    VALUE key;
+    VALUE val;
+
+    Check_Type(value, T_HASH);
+
+    VALUE key_info = rb_hash_aref(field_info, key_sym);
+    VALUE keytype_value = rb_hash_aref(key_info, type_sym);
+    int keytype = FIX2INT(keytype_value);
+
+    VALUE value_info = rb_hash_aref(field_info, value_sym);
+    VALUE valuetype_value = rb_hash_aref(value_info, type_sym);
+    int valuetype = FIX2INT(valuetype_value);
+
+    keys = rb_funcall(value, keys_method_id, 0);
+
+    sz = RARRAY_LEN(keys);
+
+    default_write_map_begin(protocol, keytype_value, valuetype_value, INT2FIX(sz));
+
+    for (i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
+      key = rb_ary_entry(keys, i);
+      val = rb_hash_aref(value, key);
+
+      if (IS_CONTAINER(keytype)) {
+        write_container(keytype, key_info, key, protocol);
+      } else {
+        write_anything(keytype, key, protocol, key_info);
+      }
+
+      if (IS_CONTAINER(valuetype)) {
+        write_container(valuetype, value_info, val, protocol);
+      } else {
+        write_anything(valuetype, val, protocol, value_info);
+      }
+    }
+
+    default_write_map_end(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_LIST) {
+    Check_Type(value, T_ARRAY);
+
+    sz = RARRAY_LEN(value);
+
+    VALUE element_type_info = rb_hash_aref(field_info, element_sym);
+    VALUE element_type_value = rb_hash_aref(element_type_info, type_sym);
+    int element_type = FIX2INT(element_type_value);
+
+    default_write_list_begin(protocol, element_type_value, INT2FIX(sz));
+    for (i = 0; i < sz; ++i) {
+      VALUE val = rb_ary_entry(value, i);
+      if (IS_CONTAINER(element_type)) {
+        write_container(element_type, element_type_info, val, protocol);
+      } else {
+        write_anything(element_type, val, protocol, element_type_info);
+      }
+    }
+    default_write_list_end(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_SET) {
+    VALUE items;
+
+    if (TYPE(value) == T_ARRAY) {
+      items = value;
+    } else {
+      if (rb_cSet == CLASS_OF(value)) {
+        items = rb_funcall(value, entries_method_id, 0);
+      } else {
+        Check_Type(value, T_HASH);
+        items = rb_funcall(value, keys_method_id, 0);
+      }
+    }
+
+    sz = RARRAY_LEN(items);
+
+    VALUE element_type_info = rb_hash_aref(field_info, element_sym);
+    VALUE element_type_value = rb_hash_aref(element_type_info, type_sym);
+    int element_type = FIX2INT(element_type_value);
+
+    default_write_set_begin(protocol, element_type_value, INT2FIX(sz));
+
+    for (i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
+      VALUE val = rb_ary_entry(items, i);
+      if (IS_CONTAINER(element_type)) {
+        write_container(element_type, element_type_info, val, protocol);
+      } else {
+        write_anything(element_type, val, protocol, element_type_info);
+      }
+    }
+
+    default_write_set_end(protocol);
+  } else {
+    rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError, "can't write container of type: %d", ttype);
+  }
+}
+
+static void write_anything(int ttype, VALUE value, VALUE protocol, VALUE field_info) {
+  if (ttype == TTYPE_BOOL) {
+    default_write_bool(protocol, value);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_BYTE) {
+    default_write_byte(protocol, value);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_I16) {
+    default_write_i16(protocol, value);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_I32) {
+    default_write_i32(protocol, value);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_I64) {
+    default_write_i64(protocol, value);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_DOUBLE) {
+    default_write_double(protocol, value);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_STRING) {
+    VALUE is_binary = rb_hash_aref(field_info, binary_sym);
+    if (is_binary != Qtrue) {
+      default_write_string(protocol, value);
+    } else {
+      default_write_binary(protocol, value);
+    }
+  } else if (IS_CONTAINER(ttype)) {
+    write_container(ttype, field_info, value, protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_STRUCT) {
+    if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(value, thrift_union_class)) {
+      rb_thrift_union_write(value, protocol);
+    } else {
+      rb_thrift_struct_write(value, protocol);
+    }
+  } else {
+    rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError, "Unknown type for binary_encoding: %d", ttype);
+  }
+}
+
+static VALUE rb_thrift_struct_write(VALUE self, VALUE protocol) {
+  // call validate
+  rb_funcall(self, validate_method_id, 0);
+
+  // write struct begin
+  default_write_struct_begin(protocol, rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(self)));
+
+  // iterate through all the fields here
+  VALUE struct_fields = STRUCT_FIELDS(self);
+  VALUE sorted_field_ids = rb_funcall(self, sorted_field_ids_method_id, 0);
+
+  int i = 0;
+  for (i=0; i < RARRAY_LEN(sorted_field_ids); i++) {
+    VALUE field_id = rb_ary_entry(sorted_field_ids, i);
+
+    VALUE field_info = rb_hash_aref(struct_fields, field_id);
+
+    VALUE ttype_value = rb_hash_aref(field_info, type_sym);
+    int ttype = FIX2INT(ttype_value);
+    VALUE field_name = rb_hash_aref(field_info, name_sym);
+
+    VALUE field_value = get_field_value(self, field_name);
+
+    if (!NIL_P(field_value)) {
+      default_write_field_begin(protocol, field_name, ttype_value, field_id);
+
+      write_anything(ttype, field_value, protocol, field_info);
+
+      default_write_field_end(protocol);
+    }
+  }
+
+  default_write_field_stop(protocol);
+
+  // write struct end
+  default_write_struct_end(protocol);
+
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+//-------------------------------------------
+// Reading section
+//-------------------------------------------
+
+static VALUE rb_thrift_union_read(VALUE self, VALUE protocol);
+static VALUE rb_thrift_struct_read(VALUE self, VALUE protocol);
+static void skip_map_contents(VALUE protocol, VALUE key_type_value, VALUE value_type_value, int size);
+static void skip_list_or_set_contents(VALUE protocol, VALUE element_type_value, int size);
+
+static void set_field_value(VALUE obj, VALUE field_name, VALUE value) {
+  char name_buf[RSTRING_LEN(field_name) + 2];
+
+  name_buf[0] = '@';
+  strlcpy(&name_buf[1], RSTRING_PTR(field_name), RSTRING_LEN(field_name)+1);
+
+  rb_ivar_set(obj, rb_intern(name_buf), value);
+}
+
+// Helper method to skip the contents of a map (assumes the map header has been read).
+static void skip_map_contents(VALUE protocol, VALUE key_type_value, VALUE value_type_value, int size) {
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+    rb_funcall(protocol, skip_method_id, 1, key_type_value);
+    rb_funcall(protocol, skip_method_id, 1, value_type_value);
+  }
+}
+
+// Helper method to skip the contents of a list or set (assumes the list/set header has been read).
+static void skip_list_or_set_contents(VALUE protocol, VALUE element_type_value, int size) {
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+    rb_funcall(protocol, skip_method_id, 1, element_type_value);
+  }
+}
+
+static VALUE read_anything(VALUE protocol, int ttype, VALUE field_info) {
+  VALUE result = Qnil;
+
+  if (ttype == TTYPE_BOOL) {
+    result = default_read_bool(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_BYTE) {
+    result = default_read_byte(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_I16) {
+    result = default_read_i16(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_I32) {
+    result = default_read_i32(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_I64) {
+    result = default_read_i64(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_STRING) {
+    VALUE is_binary = rb_hash_aref(field_info, binary_sym);
+    if (is_binary != Qtrue) {
+      result = default_read_string(protocol);
+    } else {
+      result = default_read_binary(protocol);
+    }
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_DOUBLE) {
+    result = default_read_double(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_STRUCT) {
+    VALUE klass = rb_hash_aref(field_info, class_sym);
+    result = rb_class_new_instance(0, NULL, klass);
+
+    if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(result, thrift_union_class)) {
+      rb_thrift_union_read(result, protocol);
+    } else {
+      rb_thrift_struct_read(result, protocol);
+    }
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_MAP) {
+    int i;
+
+    VALUE map_header = default_read_map_begin(protocol);
+    int key_ttype = FIX2INT(rb_ary_entry(map_header, 0));
+    int value_ttype = FIX2INT(rb_ary_entry(map_header, 1));
+    int num_entries = FIX2INT(rb_ary_entry(map_header, 2));
+
+    // Check the declared key and value types against the expected ones and skip the map contents
+    // if the types don't match.
+    VALUE key_info = rb_hash_aref(field_info, key_sym);
+    VALUE value_info = rb_hash_aref(field_info, value_sym);
+
+    if (!NIL_P(key_info) && !NIL_P(value_info)) {
+      int specified_key_type = FIX2INT(rb_hash_aref(key_info, type_sym));
+      int specified_value_type = FIX2INT(rb_hash_aref(value_info, type_sym));
+      if (num_entries == 0 || (specified_key_type == key_ttype && specified_value_type == value_ttype)) {
+        result = rb_hash_new();
+
+        for (i = 0; i < num_entries; ++i) {
+          VALUE key, val;
+
+          key = read_anything(protocol, key_ttype, key_info);
+          val = read_anything(protocol, value_ttype, value_info);
+
+          rb_hash_aset(result, key, val);
+        }
+      } else {
+        skip_map_contents(protocol, INT2FIX(key_ttype), INT2FIX(value_ttype), num_entries);
+      }
+    } else {
+      skip_map_contents(protocol, INT2FIX(key_ttype), INT2FIX(value_ttype), num_entries);
+    }
+
+    default_read_map_end(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_LIST) {
+    int i;
+
+    VALUE list_header = default_read_list_begin(protocol);
+    int element_ttype = FIX2INT(rb_ary_entry(list_header, 0));
+    int num_elements = FIX2INT(rb_ary_entry(list_header, 1));
+
+    // Check the declared element type against the expected one and skip the list contents
+    // if the types don't match.
+    VALUE element_info = rb_hash_aref(field_info, element_sym);
+    if (!NIL_P(element_info)) {
+      int specified_element_type = FIX2INT(rb_hash_aref(element_info, type_sym));
+      if (specified_element_type == element_ttype) {
+        result = rb_ary_new2(num_elements);
+
+        for (i = 0; i < num_elements; ++i) {
+          rb_ary_push(result, read_anything(protocol, element_ttype, rb_hash_aref(field_info, element_sym)));
+        }
+      } else {
+        skip_list_or_set_contents(protocol, INT2FIX(element_ttype), num_elements);
+      }
+    } else {
+      skip_list_or_set_contents(protocol, INT2FIX(element_ttype), num_elements);
+    }
+
+    default_read_list_end(protocol);
+  } else if (ttype == TTYPE_SET) {
+    VALUE items;
+    int i;
+
+    VALUE set_header = default_read_set_begin(protocol);
+    int element_ttype = FIX2INT(rb_ary_entry(set_header, 0));
+    int num_elements = FIX2INT(rb_ary_entry(set_header, 1));
+
+    // Check the declared element type against the expected one and skip the set contents
+    // if the types don't match.
+    VALUE element_info = rb_hash_aref(field_info, element_sym);
+    if (!NIL_P(element_info)) {
+      int specified_element_type = FIX2INT(rb_hash_aref(element_info, type_sym));
+      if (specified_element_type == element_ttype) {
+        items = rb_ary_new2(num_elements);
+
+        for (i = 0; i < num_elements; ++i) {
+          rb_ary_push(items, read_anything(protocol, element_ttype, rb_hash_aref(field_info, element_sym)));
+        }
+
+        result = rb_class_new_instance(1, &items, rb_cSet);
+      } else {
+        skip_list_or_set_contents(protocol, INT2FIX(element_ttype), num_elements);
+      }
+    } else {
+      skip_list_or_set_contents(protocol, INT2FIX(element_ttype), num_elements);
+    }
+
+    default_read_set_end(protocol);
+  } else {
+    rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError, "read_anything not implemented for type %d!", ttype);
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+static VALUE rb_thrift_struct_read(VALUE self, VALUE protocol) {
+  // read struct begin
+  default_read_struct_begin(protocol);
+
+  VALUE struct_fields = STRUCT_FIELDS(self);
+
+  // read each field
+  while (true) {
+    VALUE field_header = default_read_field_begin(protocol);
+    VALUE field_type_value = rb_ary_entry(field_header, 1);
+    int field_type = FIX2INT(field_type_value);
+
+    if (field_type == TTYPE_STOP) {
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // make sure we got a type we expected
+    VALUE field_info = rb_hash_aref(struct_fields, rb_ary_entry(field_header, 2));
+
+    if (!NIL_P(field_info)) {
+      int specified_type = FIX2INT(rb_hash_aref(field_info, type_sym));
+      if (field_type == specified_type) {
+        // read the value
+        VALUE name = rb_hash_aref(field_info, name_sym);
+        set_field_value(self, name, read_anything(protocol, field_type, field_info));
+      } else {
+        rb_funcall(protocol, skip_method_id, 1, field_type_value);
+      }
+    } else {
+      rb_funcall(protocol, skip_method_id, 1, field_type_value);
+    }
+
+    // read field end
+    default_read_field_end(protocol);
+  }
+
+  // read struct end
+  default_read_struct_end(protocol);
+
+  // call validate
+  rb_funcall(self, validate_method_id, 0);
+
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------------
+// Union section
+// --------------------------------
+
+static VALUE rb_thrift_union_read(VALUE self, VALUE protocol) {
+  // read struct begin
+  default_read_struct_begin(protocol);
+
+  VALUE struct_fields = STRUCT_FIELDS(self);
+
+  VALUE field_header = default_read_field_begin(protocol);
+  VALUE field_type_value = rb_ary_entry(field_header, 1);
+  int field_type = FIX2INT(field_type_value);
+
+  // make sure we got a type we expected
+  VALUE field_info = rb_hash_aref(struct_fields, rb_ary_entry(field_header, 2));
+
+  if (!NIL_P(field_info)) {
+    int specified_type = FIX2INT(rb_hash_aref(field_info, type_sym));
+    if (field_type == specified_type) {
+      // read the value
+      VALUE name = rb_hash_aref(field_info, name_sym);
+      rb_iv_set(self, "@setfield", rb_str_intern(name));
+      rb_iv_set(self, "@value", read_anything(protocol, field_type, field_info));
+    } else {
+      rb_funcall(protocol, skip_method_id, 1, field_type_value);
+    }
+  } else {
+    rb_funcall(protocol, skip_method_id, 1, field_type_value);
+  }
+
+  // read field end
+  default_read_field_end(protocol);
+
+  field_header = default_read_field_begin(protocol);
+  field_type_value = rb_ary_entry(field_header, 1);
+  field_type = FIX2INT(field_type_value);
+
+  if (field_type != TTYPE_STOP) {
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "too many fields in union!");
+  }
+
+  // read struct end
+  default_read_struct_end(protocol);
+
+  // call validate
+  rb_funcall(self, validate_method_id, 0);
+
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE rb_thrift_union_write(VALUE self, VALUE protocol) {
+  // call validate
+  rb_funcall(self, validate_method_id, 0);
+
+  // write struct begin
+  default_write_struct_begin(protocol, rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(self)));
+
+  VALUE struct_fields = STRUCT_FIELDS(self);
+
+  VALUE setfield = rb_ivar_get(self, setfield_id);
+  VALUE setvalue = rb_ivar_get(self, setvalue_id);
+  VALUE field_id = rb_funcall(self, name_to_id_method_id, 1, rb_funcall(setfield, to_s_method_id, 0));
+
+  VALUE field_info = rb_hash_aref(struct_fields, field_id);
+
+  if(NIL_P(field_info)) {
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "set_field is not valid for this union!");
+  }
+
+  VALUE ttype_value = rb_hash_aref(field_info, type_sym);
+  int ttype = FIX2INT(ttype_value);
+
+  default_write_field_begin(protocol, setfield, ttype_value, field_id);
+
+  write_anything(ttype, setvalue, protocol, field_info);
+
+  default_write_field_end(protocol);
+
+  default_write_field_stop(protocol);
+
+  // write struct end
+  default_write_struct_end(protocol);
+
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+void Init_struct() {
+  VALUE struct_module = rb_const_get(thrift_module, rb_intern("Struct"));
+
+  rb_define_method(struct_module, "write", rb_thrift_struct_write, 1);
+  rb_define_method(struct_module, "read", rb_thrift_struct_read, 1);
+
+  thrift_union_class = rb_const_get(thrift_module, rb_intern("Union"));
+
+  rb_define_method(thrift_union_class, "write", rb_thrift_union_write, 1);
+  rb_define_method(thrift_union_class, "read", rb_thrift_union_read, 1);
+
+  setfield_id = rb_intern("@setfield");
+  setvalue_id = rb_intern("@value");
+
+  to_s_method_id = rb_intern("to_s");
+  name_to_id_method_id = rb_intern("name_to_id");
+  sorted_field_ids_method_id = rb_intern("sorted_field_ids");
+}