/* * logdump.c --- dump the contents of the journal out to a file * * Author: Stephen C. Tweedie, 2001 * Copyright (C) 2001 Red Hat, Inc. * Based on portions Copyright (C) 1994 Theodore Ts'o. * * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public * License. */ #include "config.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H #include #endif #include #include #include #include #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H #include #else extern int optind; extern char *optarg; #endif #include "debugfs.h" #include "blkid/blkid.h" #include "jfs_user.h" #if __GNUC_PREREQ (4, 6) #pragma GCC diagnostic push #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function" #endif #include "ext2fs/fast_commit.h" #if __GNUC_PREREQ (4, 6) #pragma GCC diagnostic pop #endif #include enum journal_location {JOURNAL_IS_INTERNAL, JOURNAL_IS_EXTERNAL}; #define ANY_BLOCK ((blk64_t) -1) static int dump_all, dump_super, dump_old, dump_contents, dump_descriptors; static int64_t dump_counts; static blk64_t block_to_dump, bitmap_to_dump, inode_block_to_dump; static unsigned int group_to_dump, inode_offset_to_dump; static ext2_ino_t inode_to_dump; struct journal_source { enum journal_location where; int fd; ext2_file_t file; }; static void dump_journal(char *, FILE *, struct journal_source *); static void dump_descriptor_block(FILE *, struct journal_source *, char *, journal_superblock_t *, unsigned int *, unsigned int, __u32, tid_t); static void dump_revoke_block(FILE *, char *, journal_superblock_t *, unsigned int, unsigned int, tid_t); static void dump_metadata_block(FILE *, struct journal_source *, journal_superblock_t*, unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int, tid_t); static void dump_fc_block(FILE *out_file, char *buf, int blocksize, tid_t transaction, int *fc_done); static void do_hexdump (FILE *, char *, int); #define WRAP(jsb, blocknr, maxlen) \ if (blocknr >= (maxlen)) \ blocknr -= (maxlen - be32_to_cpu((jsb)->s_first)); void do_logdump(int argc, char **argv, int sci_idx EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)), void *infop EXT2FS_ATTR((unused))) { int c; int retval; char *out_fn; FILE *out_file; char *inode_spec = NULL; char *journal_fn = NULL; int journal_fd = -1; int use_sb = 0; ext2_ino_t journal_inum; struct ext2_inode journal_inode; ext2_file_t journal_file = NULL; char *tmp; struct journal_source journal_source; struct ext2_super_block *es = NULL; journal_source.where = JOURNAL_IS_INTERNAL; journal_source.fd = 0; journal_source.file = 0; dump_all = 0; dump_old = 0; dump_contents = 0; dump_super = 0; dump_descriptors = 1; block_to_dump = ANY_BLOCK; bitmap_to_dump = -1; inode_block_to_dump = ANY_BLOCK; inode_to_dump = -1; dump_counts = -1; reset_getopt(); while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "ab:ci:f:OsSn:")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'a': dump_all++; break; case 'b': block_to_dump = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0); if (*tmp) { com_err(argv[0], 0, "Bad block number - %s", optarg); return; } dump_descriptors = 0; break; case 'c': dump_contents++; break; case 'f': journal_fn = optarg; break; case 'i': inode_spec = optarg; dump_descriptors = 0; break; case 'O': dump_old++; break; case 's': use_sb++; break; case 'S': dump_super++; break; case 'n': dump_counts = strtol(optarg, &tmp, 10); if (*tmp) { com_err(argv[0], 0, "Bad log counts number - %s", optarg); return; } break; default: goto print_usage; } } if (optind != argc && optind != argc-1) { goto print_usage; } if (inode_spec) { int inode_group, group_offset, inodes_per_block; if (check_fs_open(argv[0])) return; inode_to_dump = string_to_inode(inode_spec); if (!inode_to_dump) return; es = current_fs->super; inode_group = ((inode_to_dump - 1) / es->s_inodes_per_group); group_offset = ((inode_to_dump - 1) % es->s_inodes_per_group); inodes_per_block = (current_fs->blocksize / sizeof(struct ext2_inode)); inode_block_to_dump = ext2fs_inode_table_loc(current_fs, inode_group) + (group_offset / inodes_per_block); inode_offset_to_dump = ((group_offset % inodes_per_block) * sizeof(struct ext2_inode)); printf("Inode %u is at group %u, block %llu, offset %u\n", inode_to_dump, inode_group, (unsigned long long) inode_block_to_dump, inode_offset_to_dump); } if (optind == argc) { out_file = stdout; } else { out_fn = argv[optind]; out_file = fopen(out_fn, "w"); if (!out_file) { com_err(argv[0], errno, "while opening %s for logdump", out_fn); goto cleanup; } } if (block_to_dump != ANY_BLOCK) { if (check_fs_open(argv[0])) goto cleanup; es = current_fs->super; group_to_dump = ((block_to_dump - es->s_first_data_block) / es->s_blocks_per_group); bitmap_to_dump = ext2fs_block_bitmap_loc(current_fs, group_to_dump); } if (journal_fn) { /* Set up to read journal from a regular file somewhere */ journal_fd = open(journal_fn, O_RDONLY, 0); if (journal_fd < 0) { com_err(argv[0], errno, "while opening %s for logdump", journal_fn); goto cleanup; } journal_source.where = JOURNAL_IS_EXTERNAL; journal_source.fd = journal_fd; dump_journal(argv[0], out_file, &journal_source); goto cleanup; } if (check_fs_open(argv[0])) goto cleanup; es = current_fs->super; if ((journal_inum = es->s_journal_inum)) { if (use_sb) { if (es->s_jnl_backup_type != EXT3_JNL_BACKUP_BLOCKS) { com_err(argv[0], 0, "no journal backup in super block\n"); goto cleanup; } memset(&journal_inode, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_inode)); memcpy(&journal_inode.i_block[0], es->s_jnl_blocks, EXT2_N_BLOCKS*4); journal_inode.i_size_high = es->s_jnl_blocks[15]; journal_inode.i_size = es->s_jnl_blocks[16]; journal_inode.i_links_count = 1; journal_inode.i_mode = LINUX_S_IFREG | 0600; } else { if (debugfs_read_inode(journal_inum, &journal_inode, argv[0])) goto cleanup; } retval = ext2fs_file_open2(current_fs, journal_inum, &journal_inode, 0, &journal_file); if (retval) { com_err(argv[0], retval, "while opening ext2 file"); goto cleanup; } journal_source.where = JOURNAL_IS_INTERNAL; journal_source.file = journal_file; } else { char uuid[37]; uuid_unparse(es->s_journal_uuid, uuid); journal_fn = blkid_get_devname(NULL, "UUID", uuid); if (!journal_fn) journal_fn = blkid_devno_to_devname(es->s_journal_dev); if (!journal_fn) { com_err(argv[0], 0, "filesystem has no journal"); goto cleanup; } journal_fd = open(journal_fn, O_RDONLY, 0); if (journal_fd < 0) { com_err(argv[0], errno, "while opening %s for logdump", journal_fn); free(journal_fn); goto cleanup; } fprintf(out_file, "Using external journal found at %s\n", journal_fn); free(journal_fn); journal_source.where = JOURNAL_IS_EXTERNAL; journal_source.fd = journal_fd; } dump_journal(argv[0], out_file, &journal_source); cleanup: if (journal_fd >= 0) close(journal_fd); if (journal_file) ext2fs_file_close(journal_file); if (out_file && (out_file != stdout)) fclose(out_file); return; print_usage: fprintf(stderr, "%s: Usage: logdump [-acsOS] [-n] [-b] [-i]\n\t" "[-f] [output_file]\n", argv[0]); } static int read_journal_block(const char *cmd, struct journal_source *source, ext2_loff_t offset, char *buf, unsigned int size) { int retval; unsigned int got; if (source->where == JOURNAL_IS_EXTERNAL) { if (lseek(source->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) { retval = errno; goto seek_err; } retval = read(source->fd, buf, size); if (retval < 0) { retval = errno; goto read_err; } got = retval; retval = 0; } else { retval = ext2fs_file_llseek(source->file, offset, EXT2_SEEK_SET, NULL); if (retval) { seek_err: com_err(cmd, retval, "while seeking in reading journal"); return retval; } retval = ext2fs_file_read(source->file, buf, size, &got); if (retval) { read_err: com_err(cmd, retval, "while reading journal"); return retval; } } if (got != size) { com_err(cmd, 0, "short read (read %u, expected %u) " "while reading journal", got, size); retval = -1; } return retval; } static const char *type_to_name(int btype) { switch (btype) { case JBD2_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK: return "descriptor block"; case JBD2_COMMIT_BLOCK: return "commit block"; case JBD2_SUPERBLOCK_V1: return "V1 superblock"; case JBD2_SUPERBLOCK_V2: return "V2 superblock"; case JBD2_REVOKE_BLOCK: return "revoke table"; } return "unrecognised type"; } static void dump_journal(char *cmdname, FILE *out_file, struct journal_source *source) { struct ext2_super_block *sb; char jsb_buffer[1024]; char buf[EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE]; journal_superblock_t *jsb; unsigned int blocksize = 1024; int retval; __u32 magic, sequence, blocktype; journal_header_t *header; tid_t transaction; unsigned int blocknr = 0; unsigned int first_transaction_blocknr; int fc_done; __u64 total_len; __u32 maxlen; int64_t cur_counts = 0; bool exist_no_magic = false; /* First, check to see if there's an ext2 superblock header */ retval = read_journal_block(cmdname, source, 0, buf, 2048); if (retval) return; jsb = (journal_superblock_t *) buf; sb = (struct ext2_super_block *) (buf+1024); #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN if (sb->s_magic == ext2fs_swab16(EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC)) ext2fs_swap_super(sb); #endif if ((be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_header.h_magic) != JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER) && (sb->s_magic == EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC) && ext2fs_has_feature_journal_dev(sb)) { blocksize = EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(sb); blocknr = (blocksize == 1024) ? 2 : 1; uuid_unparse(sb->s_uuid, jsb_buffer); fprintf(out_file, "Ext2 superblock header found.\n"); if (dump_all) { fprintf(out_file, "\tuuid=%s\n", jsb_buffer); fprintf(out_file, "\tblocksize=%d\n", blocksize); fprintf(out_file, "\tjournal data size %lu\n", (unsigned long) ext2fs_blocks_count(sb)); } } /* Next, read the journal superblock */ retval = read_journal_block(cmdname, source, ((ext2_loff_t) blocknr) * blocksize, jsb_buffer, 1024); if (retval) return; if (dump_super) { e2p_list_journal_super(out_file, jsb_buffer, current_fs->blocksize, 0); fputc('\n', out_file); } jsb = (journal_superblock_t *) jsb_buffer; if (be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_header.h_magic) != JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER) { fprintf(out_file, "Journal superblock magic number invalid!\n"); return; } blocksize = be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_blocksize); if ((current_fs && (blocksize != current_fs->blocksize)) || (!current_fs && (!blocksize || (blocksize & (blocksize - 1)) || (blocksize > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)))) { fprintf(out_file, "Journal block size invalid: %u (%u)\n", be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_blocksize), blocksize); return; } transaction = be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_sequence); blocknr = be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_start); if (source->where == JOURNAL_IS_INTERNAL) { retval = ext2fs_file_get_lsize(source->file, &total_len); if (retval) { stat_err: com_err("dump_journal", retval, "while getting journal inode size"); return; } total_len /= blocksize; } else { struct stat st; if (fstat(source->fd, &st) < 0) goto stat_err; total_len = st.st_size / blocksize; } maxlen = be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_maxlen); if (maxlen > total_len) maxlen = total_len; fprintf(out_file, "Journal starts at block %u, transaction %u\n", blocknr, transaction); if (!blocknr) { /* Empty journal, nothing to do. */ if (!dump_old) goto fc; else blocknr = 1; } first_transaction_blocknr = blocknr; while (1) { if (dump_old && (dump_counts != -1) && (cur_counts >= dump_counts)) break; if ((blocknr == first_transaction_blocknr) && (cur_counts != 0) && dump_old && (dump_counts != -1)) { fprintf(out_file, "Dump all %lld journal records.\n", (long long) cur_counts); break; } retval = read_journal_block(cmdname, source, ((ext2_loff_t) blocknr) * blocksize, buf, blocksize); if (retval) break; header = (journal_header_t *) buf; magic = be32_to_cpu(header->h_magic); sequence = be32_to_cpu(header->h_sequence); blocktype = be32_to_cpu(header->h_blocktype); if (magic != JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER) { if (exist_no_magic == false) { exist_no_magic = true; fprintf(out_file, "No magic number at block %u: " "end of journal.\n", blocknr); } if (dump_old && (dump_counts != -1)) { blocknr++; WRAP(jsb, blocknr, maxlen); continue; } break; } if (sequence != transaction) { fprintf (out_file, "Found sequence %u (not %u) at " "block %u: end of journal.\n", sequence, transaction, blocknr); if (!dump_old) break; } if (dump_descriptors) { fprintf (out_file, "Found expected sequence %u, " "type %u (%s) at block %u\n", sequence, blocktype, type_to_name(blocktype), blocknr); } switch (blocktype) { case JBD2_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK: dump_descriptor_block(out_file, source, buf, jsb, &blocknr, blocksize, maxlen, transaction); continue; case JBD2_COMMIT_BLOCK: cur_counts++; transaction++; blocknr++; WRAP(jsb, blocknr, maxlen); continue; case JBD2_REVOKE_BLOCK: dump_revoke_block(out_file, buf, jsb, blocknr, blocksize, transaction); blocknr++; WRAP(jsb, blocknr, maxlen); continue; default: fprintf (out_file, "Unexpected block type %u at " "block %u.\n", blocktype, blocknr); break; } } fc: blocknr = maxlen - jbd2_journal_get_num_fc_blks(jsb) + 1; while (blocknr <= maxlen) { retval = read_journal_block(cmdname, source, ((ext2_loff_t) blocknr) * blocksize, buf, blocksize); if (retval) return; dump_fc_block(out_file, buf, blocksize, transaction, &fc_done); if (!dump_old && fc_done) break; blocknr++; } } static inline size_t journal_super_tag_bytes(journal_superblock_t *jsb) { size_t sz; if (JSB_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(jsb, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V3)) return sizeof(journal_block_tag3_t); sz = sizeof(journal_block_tag_t); if (JSB_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(jsb, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V2)) sz += sizeof(__u16); if (JSB_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(jsb, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_64BIT)) return sz; return sz - sizeof(__u32); } static void dump_fc_block(FILE *out_file, char *buf, int blocksize, tid_t transaction, int *fc_done) { struct ext4_fc_tl tl; struct ext4_fc_head *head; struct ext4_fc_add_range *add_range; struct ext4_fc_del_range *del_range; struct ext4_fc_dentry_info *dentry_info; struct ext4_fc_tail *tail; struct ext3_extent *ex; __u8 *cur, *val; *fc_done = 0; for (cur = (__u8 *)buf; cur < (__u8 *)buf + blocksize; cur = cur + sizeof(tl) + le16_to_cpu(tl.fc_len)) { memcpy(&tl, cur, sizeof(tl)); val = cur + sizeof(tl); switch (le16_to_cpu(tl.fc_tag)) { case EXT4_FC_TAG_ADD_RANGE: add_range = (struct ext4_fc_add_range *)val; ex = (struct ext3_extent *)add_range->fc_ex; fprintf(out_file, "tag %s, inode %d, lblk %u, pblk %llu, len %lu\n", tag2str(tl.fc_tag), le32_to_cpu(add_range->fc_ino), le32_to_cpu(ex->ee_block), le32_to_cpu(ex->ee_start) + (((unsigned long long) le16_to_cpu(ex->ee_start_hi)) << 32), le16_to_cpu(ex->ee_len) > EXT_INIT_MAX_LEN ? le16_to_cpu(ex->ee_len) - EXT_INIT_MAX_LEN : le16_to_cpu(ex->ee_len)); break; case EXT4_FC_TAG_DEL_RANGE: del_range = (struct ext4_fc_del_range *)val; fprintf(out_file, "tag %s, inode %d, lblk %d, len %d\n", tag2str(tl.fc_tag), le32_to_cpu(del_range->fc_ino), le32_to_cpu(del_range->fc_lblk), le32_to_cpu(del_range->fc_len)); break; case EXT4_FC_TAG_LINK: case EXT4_FC_TAG_UNLINK: case EXT4_FC_TAG_CREAT: dentry_info = (struct ext4_fc_dentry_info *)val; fprintf(out_file, "tag %s, parent %d, ino %d, name \"%s\"\n", tag2str(tl.fc_tag), le32_to_cpu(dentry_info->fc_parent_ino), le32_to_cpu(dentry_info->fc_ino), dentry_info->fc_dname); break; case EXT4_FC_TAG_INODE: fprintf(out_file, "tag %s, inode %d\n", tag2str(tl.fc_tag), le32_to_cpu(((struct ext4_fc_inode *)val)->fc_ino)); break; case EXT4_FC_TAG_PAD: fprintf(out_file, "tag %s\n", tag2str(tl.fc_tag)); break; case EXT4_FC_TAG_TAIL: tail = (struct ext4_fc_tail *)val; fprintf(out_file, "tag %s, tid %d\n", tag2str(tl.fc_tag), le32_to_cpu(tail->fc_tid)); if (!dump_old && le32_to_cpu(tail->fc_tid) < transaction) { *fc_done = 1; return; } break; case EXT4_FC_TAG_HEAD: fprintf(out_file, "\n*** Fast Commit Area ***\n"); head = (struct ext4_fc_head *)val; fprintf(out_file, "tag %s, features 0x%x, tid %d\n", tag2str(tl.fc_tag), le32_to_cpu(head->fc_features), le32_to_cpu(head->fc_tid)); if (!dump_old && le32_to_cpu(head->fc_tid) < transaction) { *fc_done = 1; return; } break; default: *fc_done = 1; break; } } } static void dump_descriptor_block(FILE *out_file, struct journal_source *source, char *buf, journal_superblock_t *jsb, unsigned int *blockp, unsigned blocksize, __u32 maxlen, tid_t transaction) { unsigned offset, tag_size, csum_size = 0; char *tagp; journal_block_tag_t *tag; unsigned int blocknr; __u32 tag_block; __u32 tag_flags; tag_size = journal_super_tag_bytes(jsb); offset = sizeof(journal_header_t); blocknr = *blockp; if (JSB_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(jsb, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V3) || JSB_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(jsb, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V2)) csum_size = sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail); if (dump_all) fprintf(out_file, "Dumping descriptor block, sequence %u, at " "block %u:\n", transaction, blocknr); ++blocknr; WRAP(jsb, blocknr, maxlen); do { /* Work out the location of the current tag, and skip to * the next one... */ tagp = &buf[offset]; tag = (journal_block_tag_t *) tagp; offset += tag_size; /* ... and if we have gone too far, then we've reached the end of this block. */ if (offset > blocksize - csum_size) break; tag_block = be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr); tag_flags = be16_to_cpu(tag->t_flags); if (!(tag_flags & JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID)) offset += 16; dump_metadata_block(out_file, source, jsb, blocknr, tag_block, tag_flags, blocksize, transaction); ++blocknr; WRAP(jsb, blocknr, maxlen); } while (!(tag_flags & JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG)); *blockp = blocknr; } static void dump_revoke_block(FILE *out_file, char *buf, journal_superblock_t *jsb EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)), unsigned int blocknr, unsigned int blocksize, tid_t transaction) { unsigned int offset, max; jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t *header; unsigned long long rblock; int tag_size = sizeof(__u32); if (dump_all) fprintf(out_file, "Dumping revoke block, sequence %u, at " "block %u:\n", transaction, blocknr); if (be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_feature_incompat) & JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_64BIT) tag_size = sizeof(__u64); header = (jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t *) buf; offset = sizeof(jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t); max = be32_to_cpu(header->r_count); if (max > blocksize) { fprintf(out_file, "Revoke block's r_count invalid: %u\b", max); max = blocksize; } while (offset < max) { if (tag_size == sizeof(__u32)) { __u32 *entry = (__u32 *) (buf + offset); rblock = be32_to_cpu(*entry); } else { __u64 *entry = (__u64 *) (buf + offset); rblock = ext2fs_be64_to_cpu(*entry); } if (dump_all || rblock == block_to_dump) { fprintf(out_file, " Revoke FS block %llu", (unsigned long long) rblock); if (dump_all) fprintf(out_file, "\n"); else fprintf(out_file," at block %u, sequence %u\n", blocknr, transaction); } offset += tag_size; } } static void show_extent(FILE *out_file, int start_extent, int end_extent, __u32 first_block) { if (start_extent >= 0 && first_block != 0) fprintf(out_file, "(%d+%u): %u ", start_extent, end_extent-start_extent, first_block); } static void show_indirect(FILE *out_file, const char *name, __u32 where) { if (where) fprintf(out_file, "(%s): %u ", name, where); } static void dump_metadata_block(FILE *out_file, struct journal_source *source, journal_superblock_t *jsb EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)), unsigned int log_blocknr, unsigned int fs_blocknr, unsigned int log_tag_flags, unsigned int blocksize, tid_t transaction) { int retval; char buf[EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE]; if (!(dump_all || (fs_blocknr == block_to_dump) || (fs_blocknr == inode_block_to_dump) || (fs_blocknr == bitmap_to_dump))) return; fprintf(out_file, " FS block %u logged at ", fs_blocknr); if (!dump_all) fprintf(out_file, "sequence %u, ", transaction); fprintf(out_file, "journal block %u (flags 0x%x)\n", log_blocknr, log_tag_flags); /* There are two major special cases to parse: * * If this block is a block * bitmap block, we need to give it special treatment so that we * can log any allocates and deallocates which affect the * block_to_dump query block. * * If the block is an inode block for the inode being searched * for, then we need to dump the contents of that inode * structure symbolically. */ if (!(dump_contents && dump_all) && fs_blocknr != block_to_dump && fs_blocknr != bitmap_to_dump && fs_blocknr != inode_block_to_dump) return; retval = read_journal_block("logdump", source, ((ext2_loff_t) log_blocknr) * blocksize, buf, blocksize); if (retval) return; if (fs_blocknr == bitmap_to_dump) { struct ext2_super_block *super; int offset; super = current_fs->super; offset = ((block_to_dump - super->s_first_data_block) % super->s_blocks_per_group); fprintf(out_file, " (block bitmap for block %llu: " "block is %s)\n", (unsigned long long) block_to_dump, ext2fs_test_bit(offset, buf) ? "SET" : "CLEAR"); } if (fs_blocknr == inode_block_to_dump) { struct ext2_inode *inode; int first, prev, this, start_extent, i; fprintf(out_file, " (inode block for inode %u):\n", inode_to_dump); inode = (struct ext2_inode *) (buf + inode_offset_to_dump); internal_dump_inode(out_file, " ", inode_to_dump, inode, 0); /* Dump out the direct/indirect blocks here: * internal_dump_inode can only dump them from the main * on-disk inode, not from the journaled copy of the * inode. */ fprintf (out_file, " Blocks: "); first = prev = start_extent = -1; for (i=0; ii_block[i]; if (start_extent >= 0 && this == prev+1) { prev = this; continue; } else { show_extent(out_file, start_extent, i, first); start_extent = i; first = prev = this; } } show_extent(out_file, start_extent, i, first); show_indirect(out_file, "IND", inode->i_block[i++]); show_indirect(out_file, "DIND", inode->i_block[i++]); show_indirect(out_file, "TIND", inode->i_block[i++]); fprintf(out_file, "\n"); } if (dump_contents) do_hexdump(out_file, buf, blocksize); } static void do_hexdump (FILE *out_file, char *buf, int blocksize) { int i,j; int *intp; char *charp; unsigned char c; intp = (int *) buf; charp = (char *) buf; for (i=0; i= 127) c = '.'; fprintf(out_file, "%c", c); } fprintf(out_file, "\n"); } }