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+// Copyright (c) 2018 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// This header file contains macro definitions for thread safety annotations
+// that allow developers to document the locking policies of multi-threaded
+// code. The annotations can also help program analysis tools to identify
+// potential thread safety issues.
+//
+// Note that the annotations we use are described as deprecated in the Clang
+// documentation, linked below. E.g. we use EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED where the
+// Clang docs use REQUIRES.
+//
+// http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ThreadSafetyAnalysis.html
+//
+// We use the deprecated Clang annotations to match Abseil (relevant header
+// linked below) and its ecosystem of libraries. We will follow Abseil with
+// respect to upgrading to more modern annotations.
+//
+// https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/blob/master/absl/base/thread_annotations.h
+//
+// These annotations are implemented using compiler attributes. Using the macros
+// defined here instead of raw attributes allow for portability and future
+// compatibility.
+//
+// When referring to mutexes in the arguments of the attributes, you should
+// use variable names or more complex expressions (e.g. my_object->mutex_)
+// that evaluate to a concrete mutex object whenever possible. If the mutex
+// you want to refer to is not in scope, you may use a member pointer
+// (e.g. &MyClass::mutex_) to refer to a mutex in some (unknown) object.
+
+#ifndef BASE_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H_
+#define BASE_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H_
+
+#include "base/logging.h"
+#include "build/build_config.h"
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#define THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(x) __attribute__((x))
+#else
+#define THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(x)  // no-op
+#endif
+
+// GUARDED_BY()
+//
+// Documents if a shared field or global variable needs to be protected by a
+// mutex. GUARDED_BY() allows the user to specify a particular mutex that
+// should be held when accessing the annotated variable.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   Mutex mu;
+//   int p1 GUARDED_BY(mu);
+#define GUARDED_BY(x) THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(guarded_by(x))
+
+// PT_GUARDED_BY()
+//
+// Documents if the memory location pointed to by a pointer should be guarded
+// by a mutex when dereferencing the pointer.
+//
+// Example:
+//   Mutex mu;
+//   int *p1 PT_GUARDED_BY(mu);
+//
+// Note that a pointer variable to a shared memory location could itself be a
+// shared variable.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//     // `q`, guarded by `mu1`, points to a shared memory location that is
+//     // guarded by `mu2`:
+//     int *q GUARDED_BY(mu1) PT_GUARDED_BY(mu2);
+#define PT_GUARDED_BY(x) THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(pt_guarded_by(x))
+
+// ACQUIRED_AFTER() / ACQUIRED_BEFORE()
+//
+// Documents the acquisition order between locks that can be held
+// simultaneously by a thread. For any two locks that need to be annotated
+// to establish an acquisition order, only one of them needs the annotation.
+// (i.e. You don't have to annotate both locks with both ACQUIRED_AFTER
+// and ACQUIRED_BEFORE.)
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   Mutex m1;
+//   Mutex m2 ACQUIRED_AFTER(m1);
+#define ACQUIRED_AFTER(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(acquired_after(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+#define ACQUIRED_BEFORE(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(acquired_before(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED() / SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED()
+//
+// Documents a function that expects a mutex to be held prior to entry.
+// The mutex is expected to be held both on entry to, and exit from, the
+// function.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   Mutex mu1, mu2;
+//   int a GUARDED_BY(mu1);
+//   int b GUARDED_BY(mu2);
+//
+//   void foo() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(mu1, mu2) { ... };
+#define EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(exclusive_locks_required(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+#define SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(shared_locks_required(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// LOCKS_EXCLUDED()
+//
+// Documents the locks acquired in the body of the function. These locks
+// cannot be held when calling this function (as Abseil's `Mutex` locks are
+// non-reentrant).
+#define LOCKS_EXCLUDED(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(locks_excluded(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// LOCK_RETURNED()
+//
+// Documents a function that returns a mutex without acquiring it.  For example,
+// a public getter method that returns a pointer to a private mutex should
+// be annotated with LOCK_RETURNED.
+#define LOCK_RETURNED(x) THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(lock_returned(x))
+
+// LOCKABLE
+//
+// Documents if a class/type is a lockable type (such as the `Mutex` class).
+#define LOCKABLE THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(lockable)
+
+// SCOPED_LOCKABLE
+//
+// Documents if a class does RAII locking (such as the `MutexLock` class).
+// The constructor should use `LOCK_FUNCTION()` to specify the mutex that is
+// acquired, and the destructor should use `UNLOCK_FUNCTION()` with no
+// arguments; the analysis will assume that the destructor unlocks whatever the
+// constructor locked.
+#define SCOPED_LOCKABLE THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(scoped_lockable)
+
+// EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_FUNCTION()
+//
+// Documents functions that acquire a lock in the body of a function, and do
+// not release it.
+#define EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_FUNCTION(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(exclusive_lock_function(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// SHARED_LOCK_FUNCTION()
+//
+// Documents functions that acquire a shared (reader) lock in the body of a
+// function, and do not release it.
+#define SHARED_LOCK_FUNCTION(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(shared_lock_function(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// UNLOCK_FUNCTION()
+//
+// Documents functions that expect a lock to be held on entry to the function,
+// and release it in the body of the function.
+#define UNLOCK_FUNCTION(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(unlock_function(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// EXCLUSIVE_TRYLOCK_FUNCTION() / SHARED_TRYLOCK_FUNCTION()
+//
+// Documents functions that try to acquire a lock, and return success or failure
+// (or a non-boolean value that can be interpreted as a boolean).
+// The first argument should be `true` for functions that return `true` on
+// success, or `false` for functions that return `false` on success. The second
+// argument specifies the mutex that is locked on success. If unspecified, this
+// mutex is assumed to be `this`.
+#define EXCLUSIVE_TRYLOCK_FUNCTION(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(exclusive_trylock_function(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+#define SHARED_TRYLOCK_FUNCTION(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(shared_trylock_function(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK() / ASSERT_SHARED_LOCK()
+//
+// Documents functions that dynamically check to see if a lock is held, and fail
+// if it is not held.
+#define ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(assert_exclusive_lock(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+#define ASSERT_SHARED_LOCK(...) \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(assert_shared_lock(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+// NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
+//
+// Turns off thread safety checking within the body of a particular function.
+// This annotation is used to mark functions that are known to be correct, but
+// the locking behavior is more complicated than the analyzer can handle.
+#define NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS \
+  THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(no_thread_safety_analysis)
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Tool-Supplied Annotations
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// TS_UNCHECKED should be placed around lock expressions that are not valid
+// C++ syntax, but which are present for documentation purposes.  These
+// annotations will be ignored by the analysis.
+#define TS_UNCHECKED(x) ""
+
+// TS_FIXME is used to mark lock expressions that are not valid C++ syntax.
+// It is used by automated tools to mark and disable invalid expressions.
+// The annotation should either be fixed, or changed to TS_UNCHECKED.
+#define TS_FIXME(x) ""
+
+// Like NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS, this turns off checking within the body of
+// a particular function.  However, this attribute is used to mark functions
+// that are incorrect and need to be fixed.  It is used by automated tools to
+// avoid breaking the build when the analysis is updated.
+// Code owners are expected to eventually fix the routine.
+#define NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS_FIXME NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
+
+// Similar to NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS_FIXME, this macro marks a GUARDED_BY
+// annotation that needs to be fixed, because it is producing thread safety
+// warning.  It disables the GUARDED_BY.
+#define GUARDED_BY_FIXME(x)
+
+// Disables warnings for a single read operation.  This can be used to avoid
+// warnings when it is known that the read is not actually involved in a race,
+// but the compiler cannot confirm that.
+#define TS_UNCHECKED_READ(x) thread_safety_analysis::ts_unchecked_read(x)
+
+namespace thread_safety_analysis {
+
+// Takes a reference to a guarded data member, and returns an unguarded
+// reference.
+template <typename T>
+inline const T& ts_unchecked_read(const T& v) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+  return v;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline T& ts_unchecked_read(T& v) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+  return v;
+}
+
+}  // namespace thread_safety_analysis
+
+// The above is imported as-is from abseil-cpp. The following Chromium-specific
+// synonyms are added for Chromium concepts (SequenceChecker/ThreadChecker).
+#if DCHECK_IS_ON()
+
+// Equivalent to GUARDED_BY for SequenceChecker/ThreadChecker. Currently,
+// clang's error message "requires holding mutex" is misleading. Usage of this
+// macro is discouraged until the message is updated.
+// TODO(etiennep): Update comment above once clang's error message is updated.
+#define GUARDED_BY_CONTEXT(name) GUARDED_BY(name)
+
+// Equivalent to EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED for SequenceChecker/ThreadChecker.
+// Currently, clang's error message "requires holding mutex" is misleading.
+// Usage of this macro is discouraged until the message is updated.
+// TODO(etiennep): Update comment above once clang's error message is updated.
+#define VALID_CONTEXT_REQUIRED(name) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(name)
+
+#else  // DCHECK_IS_ON()
+
+#define GUARDED_BY_CONTEXT(name)
+#define VALID_CONTEXT_REQUIRED(name)
+
+#endif  // DCHECK_IS_ON()
+
+#endif  // BASE_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H_