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+//! HTTP Upgrades
+//!
+//! This module deals with managing [HTTP Upgrades][mdn] in hyper. Since
+//! several concepts in HTTP allow for first talking HTTP, and then converting
+//! to a different protocol, this module conflates them into a single API.
+//! Those include:
+//!
+//! - HTTP/1.1 Upgrades
+//! - HTTP `CONNECT`
+//!
+//! You are responsible for any other pre-requisites to establish an upgrade,
+//! such as sending the appropriate headers, methods, and status codes. You can
+//! then use [`on`][] to grab a `Future` which will resolve to the upgraded
+//! connection object, or an error if the upgrade fails.
+//!
+//! [mdn]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Protocol_upgrade_mechanism
+//!
+//! # Client
+//!
+//! Sending an HTTP upgrade from the [`client`](super::client) involves setting
+//! either the appropriate method, if wanting to `CONNECT`, or headers such as
+//! `Upgrade` and `Connection`, on the `http::Request`. Once receiving the
+//! `http::Response` back, you must check for the specific information that the
+//! upgrade is agreed upon by the server (such as a `101` status code), and then
+//! get the `Future` from the `Response`.
+//!
+//! # Server
+//!
+//! Receiving upgrade requests in a server requires you to check the relevant
+//! headers in a `Request`, and if an upgrade should be done, you then send the
+//! corresponding headers in a response. To then wait for hyper to finish the
+//! upgrade, you call `on()` with the `Request`, and then can spawn a task
+//! awaiting it.
+//!
+//! # Example
+//!
+//! See [this example][example] showing how upgrades work with both
+//! Clients and Servers.
+//!
+//! [example]: https://github.com/hyperium/hyper/blob/master/examples/upgrades.rs
+
+use std::any::TypeId;
+use std::error::Error as StdError;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::io;
+use std::marker::Unpin;
+
+use bytes::Bytes;
+use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite, ReadBuf};
+use tokio::sync::oneshot;
+#[cfg(any(feature = "http1", feature = "http2"))]
+use tracing::trace;
+
+use crate::common::io::Rewind;
+use crate::common::{task, Future, Pin, Poll};
+
+/// An upgraded HTTP connection.
+///
+/// This type holds a trait object internally of the original IO that
+/// was used to speak HTTP before the upgrade. It can be used directly
+/// as a `Read` or `Write` for convenience.
+///
+/// Alternatively, if the exact type is known, this can be deconstructed
+/// into its parts.
+pub struct Upgraded {
+ io: Rewind<Box<dyn Io + Send>>,
+}
+
+/// A future for a possible HTTP upgrade.
+///
+/// If no upgrade was available, or it doesn't succeed, yields an `Error`.
+pub struct OnUpgrade {
+ rx: Option<oneshot::Receiver<crate::Result<Upgraded>>>,
+}
+
+/// The deconstructed parts of an [`Upgraded`](Upgraded) type.
+///
+/// Includes the original IO type, and a read buffer of bytes that the
+/// HTTP state machine may have already read before completing an upgrade.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Parts<T> {
+ /// The original IO object used before the upgrade.
+ pub io: T,
+ /// A buffer of bytes that have been read but not processed as HTTP.
+ ///
+ /// For instance, if the `Connection` is used for an HTTP upgrade request,
+ /// it is possible the server sent back the first bytes of the new protocol
+ /// along with the response upgrade.
+ ///
+ /// You will want to check for any existing bytes if you plan to continue
+ /// communicating on the IO object.
+ pub read_buf: Bytes,
+ _inner: (),
+}
+
+/// Gets a pending HTTP upgrade from this message.
+///
+/// This can be called on the following types:
+///
+/// - `http::Request<B>`
+/// - `http::Response<B>`
+/// - `&mut http::Request<B>`
+/// - `&mut http::Response<B>`
+pub fn on<T: sealed::CanUpgrade>(msg: T) -> OnUpgrade {
+ msg.on_upgrade()
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(feature = "http1", feature = "http2"))]
+pub(super) struct Pending {
+ tx: oneshot::Sender<crate::Result<Upgraded>>,
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(feature = "http1", feature = "http2"))]
+pub(super) fn pending() -> (Pending, OnUpgrade) {
+ let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+ (Pending { tx }, OnUpgrade { rx: Some(rx) })
+}
+
+// ===== impl Upgraded =====
+
+impl Upgraded {
+ #[cfg(any(feature = "http1", feature = "http2", test))]
+ pub(super) fn new<T>(io: T, read_buf: Bytes) -> Self
+ where
+ T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin + Send + 'static,
+ {
+ Upgraded {
+ io: Rewind::new_buffered(Box::new(io), read_buf),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Tries to downcast the internal trait object to the type passed.
+ ///
+ /// On success, returns the downcasted parts. On error, returns the
+ /// `Upgraded` back.
+ pub fn downcast<T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin + 'static>(self) -> Result<Parts<T>, Self> {
+ let (io, buf) = self.io.into_inner();
+ match io.__hyper_downcast() {
+ Ok(t) => Ok(Parts {
+ io: *t,
+ read_buf: buf,
+ _inner: (),
+ }),
+ Err(io) => Err(Upgraded {
+ io: Rewind::new_buffered(io, buf),
+ }),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl AsyncRead for Upgraded {
+ fn poll_read(
+ mut self: Pin<&mut Self>,
+ cx: &mut task::Context<'_>,
+ buf: &mut ReadBuf<'_>,
+ ) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
+ Pin::new(&mut self.io).poll_read(cx, buf)
+ }
+}
+
+impl AsyncWrite for Upgraded {
+ fn poll_write(
+ mut self: Pin<&mut Self>,
+ cx: &mut task::Context<'_>,
+ buf: &[u8],
+ ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
+ Pin::new(&mut self.io).poll_write(cx, buf)
+ }
+
+ fn poll_write_vectored(
+ mut self: Pin<&mut Self>,
+ cx: &mut task::Context<'_>,
+ bufs: &[io::IoSlice<'_>],
+ ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
+ Pin::new(&mut self.io).poll_write_vectored(cx, bufs)
+ }
+
+ fn poll_flush(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
+ Pin::new(&mut self.io).poll_flush(cx)
+ }
+
+ fn poll_shutdown(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
+ Pin::new(&mut self.io).poll_shutdown(cx)
+ }
+
+ fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool {
+ self.io.is_write_vectored()
+ }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Upgraded {
+ fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+ f.debug_struct("Upgraded").finish()
+ }
+}
+
+// ===== impl OnUpgrade =====
+
+impl OnUpgrade {
+ pub(super) fn none() -> Self {
+ OnUpgrade { rx: None }
+ }
+
+ #[cfg(feature = "http1")]
+ pub(super) fn is_none(&self) -> bool {
+ self.rx.is_none()
+ }
+}
+
+impl Future for OnUpgrade {
+ type Output = Result<Upgraded, crate::Error>;
+
+ fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
+ match self.rx {
+ Some(ref mut rx) => Pin::new(rx).poll(cx).map(|res| match res {
+ Ok(Ok(upgraded)) => Ok(upgraded),
+ Ok(Err(err)) => Err(err),
+ Err(_oneshot_canceled) => Err(crate::Error::new_canceled().with(UpgradeExpected)),
+ }),
+ None => Poll::Ready(Err(crate::Error::new_user_no_upgrade())),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for OnUpgrade {
+ fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+ f.debug_struct("OnUpgrade").finish()
+ }
+}
+
+// ===== impl Pending =====
+
+#[cfg(any(feature = "http1", feature = "http2"))]
+impl Pending {
+ pub(super) fn fulfill(self, upgraded: Upgraded) {
+ trace!("pending upgrade fulfill");
+ let _ = self.tx.send(Ok(upgraded));
+ }
+
+ #[cfg(feature = "http1")]
+ /// Don't fulfill the pending Upgrade, but instead signal that
+ /// upgrades are handled manually.
+ pub(super) fn manual(self) {
+ trace!("pending upgrade handled manually");
+ let _ = self.tx.send(Err(crate::Error::new_user_manual_upgrade()));
+ }
+}
+
+// ===== impl UpgradeExpected =====
+
+/// Error cause returned when an upgrade was expected but canceled
+/// for whatever reason.
+///
+/// This likely means the actual `Conn` future wasn't polled and upgraded.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct UpgradeExpected;
+
+impl fmt::Display for UpgradeExpected {
+ fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+ f.write_str("upgrade expected but not completed")
+ }
+}
+
+impl StdError for UpgradeExpected {}
+
+// ===== impl Io =====
+
+pub(super) trait Io: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin + 'static {
+ fn __hyper_type_id(&self) -> TypeId {
+ TypeId::of::<Self>()
+ }
+}
+
+impl<T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin + 'static> Io for T {}
+
+impl dyn Io + Send {
+ fn __hyper_is<T: Io>(&self) -> bool {
+ let t = TypeId::of::<T>();
+ self.__hyper_type_id() == t
+ }
+
+ fn __hyper_downcast<T: Io>(self: Box<Self>) -> Result<Box<T>, Box<Self>> {
+ if self.__hyper_is::<T>() {
+ // Taken from `std::error::Error::downcast()`.
+ unsafe {
+ let raw: *mut dyn Io = Box::into_raw(self);
+ Ok(Box::from_raw(raw as *mut T))
+ }
+ } else {
+ Err(self)
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+mod sealed {
+ use super::OnUpgrade;
+
+ pub trait CanUpgrade {
+ fn on_upgrade(self) -> OnUpgrade;
+ }
+
+ impl<B> CanUpgrade for http::Request<B> {
+ fn on_upgrade(mut self) -> OnUpgrade {
+ self.extensions_mut()
+ .remove::<OnUpgrade>()
+ .unwrap_or_else(OnUpgrade::none)
+ }
+ }
+
+ impl<B> CanUpgrade for &'_ mut http::Request<B> {
+ fn on_upgrade(self) -> OnUpgrade {
+ self.extensions_mut()
+ .remove::<OnUpgrade>()
+ .unwrap_or_else(OnUpgrade::none)
+ }
+ }
+
+ impl<B> CanUpgrade for http::Response<B> {
+ fn on_upgrade(mut self) -> OnUpgrade {
+ self.extensions_mut()
+ .remove::<OnUpgrade>()
+ .unwrap_or_else(OnUpgrade::none)
+ }
+ }
+
+ impl<B> CanUpgrade for &'_ mut http::Response<B> {
+ fn on_upgrade(self) -> OnUpgrade {
+ self.extensions_mut()
+ .remove::<OnUpgrade>()
+ .unwrap_or_else(OnUpgrade::none)
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+ use super::*;
+
+ #[test]
+ fn upgraded_downcast() {
+ let upgraded = Upgraded::new(Mock, Bytes::new());
+
+ let upgraded = upgraded.downcast::<std::io::Cursor<Vec<u8>>>().unwrap_err();
+
+ upgraded.downcast::<Mock>().unwrap();
+ }
+
+ // TODO: replace with tokio_test::io when it can test write_buf
+ struct Mock;
+
+ impl AsyncRead for Mock {
+ fn poll_read(
+ self: Pin<&mut Self>,
+ _cx: &mut task::Context<'_>,
+ _buf: &mut ReadBuf<'_>,
+ ) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
+ unreachable!("Mock::poll_read")
+ }
+ }
+
+ impl AsyncWrite for Mock {
+ fn poll_write(
+ self: Pin<&mut Self>,
+ _: &mut task::Context<'_>,
+ buf: &[u8],
+ ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
+ // panic!("poll_write shouldn't be called");
+ Poll::Ready(Ok(buf.len()))
+ }
+
+ fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, _cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
+ unreachable!("Mock::poll_flush")
+ }
+
+ fn poll_shutdown(
+ self: Pin<&mut Self>,
+ _cx: &mut task::Context<'_>,
+ ) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
+ unreachable!("Mock::poll_shutdown")
+ }
+ }
+}