/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file,
 * You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */

/**
 * Native implementation of some OS.File operations.
 */

#include "NativeOSFileInternals.h"

#include "nsString.h"
#include "nsNetCID.h"
#include "nsThreadUtils.h"
#include "nsCycleCollectionParticipant.h"
#include "nsServiceManagerUtils.h"
#include "nsProxyRelease.h"

#include "mozilla/dom/NativeOSFileInternalsBinding.h"

#include "mozilla/Encoding.h"
#include "nsIEventTarget.h"

#include "mozilla/DebugOnly.h"
#include "mozilla/Scoped.h"
#include "mozilla/HoldDropJSObjects.h"
#include "mozilla/TimeStamp.h"
#include "mozilla/UniquePtr.h"

#include "prio.h"
#include "prerror.h"
#include "private/pprio.h"

#include "jsapi.h"
#include "jsfriendapi.h"
#include "js/ArrayBuffer.h"  // JS::GetArrayBufferByteLength,IsArrayBufferObject,NewArrayBufferWithContents,StealArrayBufferContents
#include "js/experimental/TypedData.h"  // JS_NewUint8ArrayWithBuffer
#include "js/Utility.h"
#include "xpcpublic.h"

#include <algorithm>
#if defined(XP_UNIX)
#  include <errno.h>
#endif  // defined (XP_UNIX)

#if defined(XP_WIN)
#  include <windows.h>
#endif  // defined (XP_WIN)

namespace mozilla {

MOZ_TYPE_SPECIFIC_SCOPED_POINTER_TEMPLATE(ScopedPRFileDesc, PRFileDesc,
                                          PR_Close)

namespace {

// Utilities for safely manipulating ArrayBuffer contents even in the
// absence of a JSContext.

/**
 * The C buffer underlying to an ArrayBuffer. Throughout the code, we manipulate
 * this instead of a void* buffer, as this lets us transfer data across threads
 * and into JavaScript without copy.
 */
struct ArrayBufferContents {
  /**
   * The data of the ArrayBuffer. This is the pointer manipulated to
   * read/write the contents of the buffer.
   */
  uint8_t* data;
  /**
   * The number of bytes in the ArrayBuffer.
   */
  size_t nbytes;
};

/**
 * RAII for ArrayBufferContents.
 */
struct ScopedArrayBufferContentsTraits {
  typedef ArrayBufferContents type;
  const static type empty() {
    type result = {0, 0};
    return result;
  }
  static void release(type ptr) {
    js_free(ptr.data);
    ptr.data = nullptr;
    ptr.nbytes = 0;
  }
};

struct MOZ_NON_TEMPORARY_CLASS ScopedArrayBufferContents
    : public Scoped<ScopedArrayBufferContentsTraits> {
  explicit ScopedArrayBufferContents()
      : Scoped<ScopedArrayBufferContentsTraits>() {}

  ScopedArrayBufferContents& operator=(ArrayBufferContents ptr) {
    Scoped<ScopedArrayBufferContentsTraits>::operator=(ptr);
    return *this;
  }

  /**
   * Request memory for this ArrayBufferContent. This memory may later
   * be used to create an ArrayBuffer object (possibly on another
   * thread) without copy.
   *
   * @return true In case of success, false otherwise.
   */
  bool Allocate(uint32_t length) {
    dispose();
    ArrayBufferContents& value = rwget();
    void* ptr = js_calloc(1, length);
    if (ptr) {
      value.data = (uint8_t*)ptr;
      value.nbytes = length;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

 private:
  explicit ScopedArrayBufferContents(ScopedArrayBufferContents& source) =
      delete;
  ScopedArrayBufferContents& operator=(ScopedArrayBufferContents& source) =
      delete;
};

///////// Cross-platform issues

// Platform specific constants. As OS.File always uses OS-level
// errors, we need to map a few high-level errors to OS-level
// constants.
#if defined(XP_UNIX)
#  define OS_ERROR_FILE_EXISTS EEXIST
#  define OS_ERROR_NOMEM ENOMEM
#  define OS_ERROR_INVAL EINVAL
#  define OS_ERROR_TOO_LARGE EFBIG
#  define OS_ERROR_RACE EIO
#elif defined(XP_WIN)
#  define OS_ERROR_FILE_EXISTS ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS
#  define OS_ERROR_NOMEM ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY
#  define OS_ERROR_INVAL ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS
#  define OS_ERROR_TOO_LARGE ERROR_FILE_TOO_LARGE
#  define OS_ERROR_RACE ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION
#else
#  error "We do not have platform-specific constants for this platform"
#endif

///////// Results of OS.File operations

/**
 * Base class for results passed to the callbacks.
 *
 * This base class implements caching of JS values returned to the client.
 * We make use of this caching in derived classes e.g. to avoid accidents
 * when we transfer data allocated on another thread into JS. Note that
 * this caching can lead to cycles (e.g. if a client adds a back-reference
 * in the JS value), so we implement all Cycle Collector primitives in
 * AbstractResult.
 */
class AbstractResult : public nsINativeOSFileResult {
 public:
  NS_DECL_NSINATIVEOSFILERESULT
  NS_DECL_CYCLE_COLLECTING_ISUPPORTS
  NS_DECL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_SCRIPT_HOLDER_CLASS(AbstractResult)

  /**
   * Construct the result object. Must be called on the main thread
   * as the AbstractResult is cycle-collected.
   *
   * @param aStartDate The instant at which the operation was
   * requested.  Used to collect Telemetry statistics.
   */
  explicit AbstractResult(TimeStamp aStartDate) : mStartDate(aStartDate) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
    mozilla::HoldJSObjects(this);
  }

  /**
   * Setup the AbstractResult once data is available.
   *
   * @param aDispatchDate The instant at which the IO thread received
   * the operation request. Used to collect Telemetry statistics.
   * @param aExecutionDuration The duration of the operation on the
   * IO thread.
   */
  void Init(TimeStamp aDispatchDate, TimeDuration aExecutionDuration) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());

    mDispatchDuration = (aDispatchDate - mStartDate);
    mExecutionDuration = aExecutionDuration;
  }

  /**
   * Drop any data that could lead to a cycle.
   */
  void DropJSData() { mCachedResult = JS::UndefinedValue(); }

 protected:
  virtual ~AbstractResult() {
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
    mozilla::DropJSObjects(this);
  }

  virtual nsresult GetCacheableResult(JSContext* cx,
                                      JS::MutableHandle<JS::Value> aResult) = 0;

 private:
  TimeStamp mStartDate;
  TimeDuration mDispatchDuration;
  TimeDuration mExecutionDuration;
  JS::Heap<JS::Value> mCachedResult;
};

NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTING_ADDREF(AbstractResult)
NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTING_RELEASE(AbstractResult)

NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_CLASS(AbstractResult)

NS_INTERFACE_MAP_BEGIN_CYCLE_COLLECTION(AbstractResult)
  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsINativeOSFileResult)
  NS_INTERFACE_MAP_ENTRY(nsISupports)
NS_INTERFACE_MAP_END

NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_TRACE_BEGIN(AbstractResult)
  NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_TRACE_JS_MEMBER_CALLBACK(mCachedResult)
NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_TRACE_END

NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_TRAVERSE_BEGIN(AbstractResult)
NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_TRAVERSE_END

NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_UNLINK_BEGIN(AbstractResult)
  tmp->DropJSData();
NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_UNLINK_END

NS_IMETHODIMP
AbstractResult::GetDispatchDurationMS(double* aDispatchDuration) {
  *aDispatchDuration = mDispatchDuration.ToMilliseconds();
  return NS_OK;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP
AbstractResult::GetExecutionDurationMS(double* aExecutionDuration) {
  *aExecutionDuration = mExecutionDuration.ToMilliseconds();
  return NS_OK;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP
AbstractResult::GetResult(JSContext* cx, JS::MutableHandle<JS::Value> aResult) {
  if (mCachedResult.isUndefined()) {
    nsresult rv = GetCacheableResult(cx, aResult);
    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
      return rv;
    }
    mCachedResult = aResult;
    return NS_OK;
  }
  aResult.set(mCachedResult);
  return NS_OK;
}

/**
 * Return a result as a string.
 *
 * In this implementation, attribute |result| is a string. Strings are
 * passed to JS without copy.
 */
class StringResult final : public AbstractResult {
 public:
  explicit StringResult(TimeStamp aStartDate) : AbstractResult(aStartDate) {}

  /**
   * Initialize the object once the contents of the result as available.
   *
   * @param aContents The string to pass to JavaScript. Ownership of the
   * string and its contents is passed to StringResult. The string must
   * be valid UTF-16.
   */
  void Init(TimeStamp aDispatchDate, TimeDuration aExecutionDuration,
            nsString& aContents) {
    AbstractResult::Init(aDispatchDate, aExecutionDuration);
    mContents = aContents;
  }

 protected:
  nsresult GetCacheableResult(JSContext* cx,
                              JS::MutableHandle<JS::Value> aResult) override;

 private:
  nsString mContents;
};

nsresult StringResult::GetCacheableResult(
    JSContext* cx, JS::MutableHandle<JS::Value> aResult) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
  MOZ_ASSERT(mContents.get());

  // Convert mContents to a js string without copy. Note that this
  // may have the side-effect of stealing the contents of the string
  // from XPCOM and into JS.
  if (!xpc::StringToJsval(cx, mContents, aResult)) {
    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
  }
  return NS_OK;
}

/**
 * Return a result as a Uint8Array.
 *
 * In this implementation, attribute |result| is a Uint8Array. The array
 * is passed to JS without memory copy.
 */
class TypedArrayResult final : public AbstractResult {
 public:
  explicit TypedArrayResult(TimeStamp aStartDate)
      : AbstractResult(aStartDate) {}

  /**
   * @param aContents The contents to pass to JS. Calling this method.
   * transmits ownership of the ArrayBufferContents to the TypedArrayResult.
   * Do not reuse this value anywhere else.
   */
  void Init(TimeStamp aDispatchDate, TimeDuration aExecutionDuration,
            ArrayBufferContents aContents) {
    AbstractResult::Init(aDispatchDate, aExecutionDuration);
    mContents = aContents;
  }

 protected:
  nsresult GetCacheableResult(JSContext* cx,
                              JS::MutableHandle<JS::Value> aResult) override;

 private:
  ScopedArrayBufferContents mContents;
};

nsresult TypedArrayResult::GetCacheableResult(
    JSContext* cx, JS::MutableHandle<JS::Value> aResult) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
  // We cannot simply construct a typed array using contents.data as
  // this would allow us to have several otherwise unrelated
  // ArrayBuffers with the same underlying C buffer. As this would be
  // very unsafe, we need to cache the result once we have it.

  const ArrayBufferContents& contents = mContents.get();
  MOZ_ASSERT(contents.data);

  // This takes ownership of the buffer and notes the memory allocation.
  JS::Rooted<JSObject*> arrayBuffer(
      cx, JS::NewArrayBufferWithContents(cx, contents.nbytes, contents.data));
  if (!arrayBuffer) {
    return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
  }

  JS::Rooted<JSObject*> result(
      cx, JS_NewUint8ArrayWithBuffer(cx, arrayBuffer, 0, contents.nbytes));
  if (!result) {
    return NS_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
  }
  mContents.forget();

  aResult.setObject(*result);
  return NS_OK;
}

/**
 * Return a result as an int32_t.
 *
 * In this implementation, attribute |result| is an int32_t.
 */
class Int32Result final : public AbstractResult {
 public:
  explicit Int32Result(TimeStamp aStartDate)
      : AbstractResult(aStartDate), mContents(0) {}

  /**
   * Initialize the object once the contents of the result are available.
   *
   * @param aContents The contents to pass to JS. This is an int32_t.
   */
  void Init(TimeStamp aDispatchDate, TimeDuration aExecutionDuration,
            int32_t aContents) {
    AbstractResult::Init(aDispatchDate, aExecutionDuration);
    mContents = aContents;
  }

 protected:
  nsresult GetCacheableResult(JSContext* cx,
                              JS::MutableHandle<JS::Value> aResult) override;

 private:
  int32_t mContents;
};

nsresult Int32Result::GetCacheableResult(JSContext* cx,
                                         JS::MutableHandle<JS::Value> aResult) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
  aResult.set(JS::NumberValue(mContents));
  return NS_OK;
}

//////// Callback events

/**
 * An event used to notify asynchronously of an error.
 */
class OSFileErrorEvent final : public Runnable {
 public:
  /**
   * @param aOnSuccess The success callback.
   * @param aOnError The error callback.
   * @param aDiscardedResult The discarded result.
   * @param aOperation The name of the operation, used for error reporting.
   * @param aOSError The OS error of the operation, as returned by errno/
   * GetLastError().
   *
   * Note that we pass both the success callback and the error
   * callback, as well as the discarded result to ensure that they are
   * all released on the main thread, rather than on the IO thread
   * (which would hopefully segfault). Also, we pass the callbacks as
   * alread_AddRefed to ensure that we do not manipulate main-thread
   * only refcounters off the main thread.
   */
  OSFileErrorEvent(
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>& aOnSuccess,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>& aOnError,
      already_AddRefed<AbstractResult>& aDiscardedResult,
      const nsACString& aOperation, int32_t aOSError)
      : Runnable("OSFileErrorEvent"),
        mOnSuccess(aOnSuccess),
        mOnError(aOnError),
        mDiscardedResult(aDiscardedResult),
        mOSError(aOSError),
        mOperation(aOperation) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());
  }

  NS_IMETHOD Run() override {
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
    (void)mOnError->Complete(mOperation, mOSError);

    // Ensure that the callbacks are released on the main thread.
    mOnSuccess = nullptr;
    mOnError = nullptr;
    mDiscardedResult = nullptr;

    return NS_OK;
  }

 private:
  // The callbacks. Maintained as nsMainThreadPtrHandle as they are generally
  // xpconnect values, which cannot be manipulated with nsCOMPtr off
  // the main thread. We store both the success callback and the
  // error callback to ensure that they are safely released on the
  // main thread.
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback> mOnSuccess;
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback> mOnError;
  RefPtr<AbstractResult> mDiscardedResult;
  int32_t mOSError;
  nsCString mOperation;
};

/**
 * An event used to notify of a success.
 */
class SuccessEvent final : public Runnable {
 public:
  /**
   * @param aOnSuccess The success callback.
   * @param aOnError The error callback.
   *
   * Note that we pass both the success callback and the error
   * callback to ensure that they are both released on the main
   * thread, rather than on the IO thread (which would hopefully
   * segfault). Also, we pass them as alread_AddRefed to ensure that
   * we do not manipulate xpconnect refcounters off the main thread
   * (which is illegal).
   */
  SuccessEvent(
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>& aOnSuccess,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>& aOnError,
      already_AddRefed<nsINativeOSFileResult>& aResult)
      : Runnable("SuccessEvent"),
        mOnSuccess(aOnSuccess),
        mOnError(aOnError),
        mResult(aResult) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());
  }

  NS_IMETHOD Run() override {
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
    (void)mOnSuccess->Complete(mResult);

    // Ensure that the callbacks are released on the main thread.
    mOnSuccess = nullptr;
    mOnError = nullptr;
    mResult = nullptr;

    return NS_OK;
  }

 private:
  // The callbacks. Maintained as nsMainThreadPtrHandle as they are generally
  // xpconnect values, which cannot be manipulated with nsCOMPtr off
  // the main thread. We store both the success callback and the
  // error callback to ensure that they are safely released on the
  // main thread.
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback> mOnSuccess;
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback> mOnError;
  RefPtr<nsINativeOSFileResult> mResult;
};

//////// Action events

/**
 * Base class shared by actions.
 */
class AbstractDoEvent : public Runnable {
 public:
  AbstractDoEvent(
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>& aOnSuccess,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>& aOnError)
      : Runnable("AbstractDoEvent"),
        mOnSuccess(aOnSuccess),
        mOnError(aOnError)
#if defined(DEBUG)
        ,
        mResolved(false)
#endif  // defined(DEBUG)
  {
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
  }

  /**
   * Fail, asynchronously.
   */
  void Fail(const nsACString& aOperation,
            already_AddRefed<AbstractResult>&& aDiscardedResult,
            int32_t aOSError = 0) {
    Resolve();

    RefPtr<OSFileErrorEvent> event = new OSFileErrorEvent(
        mOnSuccess, mOnError, aDiscardedResult, aOperation, aOSError);
    nsresult rv = NS_DispatchToMainThread(event);
    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
      // Last ditch attempt to release on the main thread - some of
      // the members of event are not thread-safe, so letting the
      // pointer go out of scope would cause a crash.
      NS_ReleaseOnMainThread("AbstractDoEvent::OSFileErrorEvent",
                             event.forget());
    }
  }

  /**
   * Succeed, asynchronously.
   */
  void Succeed(already_AddRefed<nsINativeOSFileResult>&& aResult) {
    Resolve();
    RefPtr<SuccessEvent> event =
        new SuccessEvent(mOnSuccess, mOnError, aResult);
    nsresult rv = NS_DispatchToMainThread(event);
    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
      // Last ditch attempt to release on the main thread - some of
      // the members of event are not thread-safe, so letting the
      // pointer go out of scope would cause a crash.
      NS_ReleaseOnMainThread("AbstractDoEvent::SuccessEvent", event.forget());
    }
  }

 private:
  /**
   * Mark the event as complete, for debugging purposes.
   */
  void Resolve() {
#if defined(DEBUG)
    MOZ_ASSERT(!mResolved);
    mResolved = true;
#endif  // defined(DEBUG)
  }

 private:
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback> mOnSuccess;
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback> mOnError;
#if defined(DEBUG)
  // |true| once the action is complete
  bool mResolved;
#endif  // defined(DEBUG)
};

/**
 * An abstract event implementing reading from a file.
 *
 * Concrete subclasses are responsible for handling the
 * data obtained from the file and possibly post-processing it.
 */
class AbstractReadEvent : public AbstractDoEvent {
 public:
  /**
   * @param aPath The path of the file.
   */
  AbstractReadEvent(
      const nsAString& aPath, const uint64_t aBytes,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>& aOnSuccess,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>& aOnError)
      : AbstractDoEvent(aOnSuccess, aOnError), mPath(aPath), mBytes(aBytes) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
  }

  NS_IMETHOD Run() override {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());
    TimeStamp dispatchDate = TimeStamp::Now();

    nsresult rv = BeforeRead();
    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
      // Error reporting is handled by BeforeRead();
      return NS_OK;
    }

    ScopedArrayBufferContents buffer;
    rv = Read(buffer);
    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
      // Error reporting is handled by Read();
      return NS_OK;
    }

    AfterRead(dispatchDate, buffer);
    return NS_OK;
  }

 private:
  /**
   * Read synchronously.
   *
   * Must be called off the main thread.
   *
   * @param aBuffer The destination buffer.
   */
  nsresult Read(ScopedArrayBufferContents& aBuffer) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());

    ScopedPRFileDesc file;
#if defined(XP_WIN)
    // On Windows, we can't use PR_OpenFile because it doesn't
    // handle UTF-16 encoding, which is pretty bad. In addition,
    // PR_OpenFile opens files without sharing, which is not the
    // general semantics of OS.File.
    HANDLE handle =
        ::CreateFileW(mPath.get(), GENERIC_READ,
                      FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE,
                      /*Security attributes*/ nullptr, OPEN_EXISTING,
                      FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN,
                      /*Template file*/ nullptr);

    if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
      Fail("open"_ns, nullptr, ::GetLastError());
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    file = PR_ImportFile((PROsfd)handle);
    if (!file) {
      // |file| is closed by PR_ImportFile
      Fail("ImportFile"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

#else
    // On other platforms, PR_OpenFile will do.
    NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8 path(mPath);
    file = PR_OpenFile(path.get(), PR_RDONLY, 0);
    if (!file) {
      Fail("open"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

#endif  // defined(XP_XIN)

    PRFileInfo64 stat;
    if (PR_GetOpenFileInfo64(file, &stat) != PR_SUCCESS) {
      Fail("stat"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    uint64_t bytes = std::min((uint64_t)stat.size, mBytes);
    if (bytes > UINT32_MAX) {
      Fail("Arithmetics"_ns, nullptr, OS_ERROR_INVAL);
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    if (!aBuffer.Allocate(bytes)) {
      Fail("allocate"_ns, nullptr, OS_ERROR_NOMEM);
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    uint64_t total_read = 0;
    int32_t just_read = 0;
    char* dest_chars = reinterpret_cast<char*>(aBuffer.rwget().data);
    do {
      just_read = PR_Read(file, dest_chars + total_read,
                          std::min(uint64_t(PR_INT32_MAX), bytes - total_read));
      if (just_read == -1) {
        Fail("read"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
      }
      total_read += just_read;
    } while (just_read != 0 && total_read < bytes);
    if (total_read != bytes) {
      // We seem to have a race condition here.
      Fail("read"_ns, nullptr, OS_ERROR_RACE);
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    return NS_OK;
  }

 protected:
  /**
   * Any steps that need to be taken before reading.
   *
   * In case of error, this method should call Fail() and return
   * a failure code.
   */
  virtual nsresult BeforeRead() { return NS_OK; }

  /**
   * Proceed after reading.
   */
  virtual void AfterRead(TimeStamp aDispatchDate,
                         ScopedArrayBufferContents& aBuffer) = 0;

 protected:
  const nsString mPath;
  const uint64_t mBytes;
};

/**
 * An implementation of a Read event that provides the data
 * as a TypedArray.
 */
class DoReadToTypedArrayEvent final : public AbstractReadEvent {
 public:
  DoReadToTypedArrayEvent(
      const nsAString& aPath, const uint32_t aBytes,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>& aOnSuccess,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>& aOnError)
      : AbstractReadEvent(aPath, aBytes, aOnSuccess, aOnError),
        mResult(new TypedArrayResult(TimeStamp::Now())) {}

  ~DoReadToTypedArrayEvent() override {
    // If AbstractReadEvent::Run() has bailed out, we may need to cleanup
    // mResult, which is main-thread only data
    if (!mResult) {
      return;
    }
    NS_ReleaseOnMainThread("DoReadToTypedArrayEvent::mResult",
                           mResult.forget());
  }

 protected:
  void AfterRead(TimeStamp aDispatchDate,
                 ScopedArrayBufferContents& aBuffer) override {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());
    mResult->Init(aDispatchDate, TimeStamp::Now() - aDispatchDate,
                  aBuffer.forget());
    Succeed(mResult.forget());
  }

 private:
  RefPtr<TypedArrayResult> mResult;
};

/**
 * An implementation of a Read event that provides the data
 * as a JavaScript string.
 */
class DoReadToStringEvent final : public AbstractReadEvent {
 public:
  DoReadToStringEvent(
      const nsAString& aPath, const nsACString& aEncoding,
      const uint32_t aBytes,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>& aOnSuccess,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>& aOnError)
      : AbstractReadEvent(aPath, aBytes, aOnSuccess, aOnError),
        mEncoding(aEncoding),
        mResult(new StringResult(TimeStamp::Now())) {}

  ~DoReadToStringEvent() override {
    // If AbstraactReadEvent::Run() has bailed out, we may need to cleanup
    // mResult, which is main-thread only data
    if (!mResult) {
      return;
    }
    NS_ReleaseOnMainThread("DoReadToStringEvent::mResult", mResult.forget());
  }

 protected:
  nsresult BeforeRead() override {
    // Obtain the decoder. We do this before reading to avoid doing
    // any unnecessary I/O in case the name of the encoding is incorrect.
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());
    const Encoding* encoding = Encoding::ForLabel(mEncoding);
    if (!encoding) {
      Fail("Decode"_ns, mResult.forget(), OS_ERROR_INVAL);
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }
    mDecoder = encoding->NewDecoderWithBOMRemoval();
    if (!mDecoder) {
      Fail("DecoderForEncoding"_ns, mResult.forget(), OS_ERROR_INVAL);
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    return NS_OK;
  }

  void AfterRead(TimeStamp aDispatchDate,
                 ScopedArrayBufferContents& aBuffer) override {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());

    auto src = Span(aBuffer.get().data, aBuffer.get().nbytes);

    CheckedInt<size_t> needed = mDecoder->MaxUTF16BufferLength(src.Length());
    if (!needed.isValid() ||
        needed.value() > std::numeric_limits<nsAString::size_type>::max()) {
      Fail("arithmetics"_ns, mResult.forget(), OS_ERROR_TOO_LARGE);
      return;
    }

    nsString resultString;
    auto resultSpan = resultString.GetMutableData(needed.value(), fallible);
    if (!resultSpan) {
      Fail("allocation"_ns, mResult.forget(), OS_ERROR_TOO_LARGE);
      return;
    }

    // Yoric said on IRC that this method is normally called for the entire
    // file, but that's not guaranteed. Retaining the bug that EOF in conversion
    // isn't handled anywhere.
    uint32_t result;
    size_t read;
    size_t written;
    std::tie(result, read, written, std::ignore) =
        mDecoder->DecodeToUTF16(src, *resultSpan, false);
    MOZ_ASSERT(result == kInputEmpty);
    MOZ_ASSERT(read == src.Length());
    MOZ_ASSERT(written <= needed.value());
    bool ok = resultString.SetLength(written, fallible);
    if (!ok) {
      Fail("allocation"_ns, mResult.forget(), OS_ERROR_TOO_LARGE);
      return;
    }

    mResult->Init(aDispatchDate, TimeStamp::Now() - aDispatchDate,
                  resultString);
    Succeed(mResult.forget());
  }

 private:
  nsCString mEncoding;
  mozilla::UniquePtr<mozilla::Decoder> mDecoder;
  RefPtr<StringResult> mResult;
};

/**
 * An event implenting writing atomically to a file.
 */
class DoWriteAtomicEvent : public AbstractDoEvent {
 public:
  /**
   * @param aPath The path of the file.
   */
  DoWriteAtomicEvent(
      const nsAString& aPath, UniquePtr<char[], JS::FreePolicy> aBuffer,
      const uint64_t aBytes, const nsAString& aTmpPath,
      const nsAString& aBackupTo, const bool aFlush, const bool aNoOverwrite,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>& aOnSuccess,
      nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>& aOnError)
      : AbstractDoEvent(aOnSuccess, aOnError),
        mPath(aPath),
        mBuffer(std::move(aBuffer)),
        mBytes(aBytes),
        mTmpPath(aTmpPath),
        mBackupTo(aBackupTo),
        mFlush(aFlush),
        mNoOverwrite(aNoOverwrite),
        mResult(new Int32Result(TimeStamp::Now())) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
  }

  ~DoWriteAtomicEvent() override {
    // If Run() has bailed out, we may need to cleanup
    // mResult, which is main-thread only data
    if (!mResult) {
      return;
    }
    NS_ReleaseOnMainThread("DoWriteAtomicEvent::mResult", mResult.forget());
  }

  NS_IMETHODIMP Run() override {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());
    TimeStamp dispatchDate = TimeStamp::Now();
    int32_t bytesWritten;

    nsresult rv = WriteAtomic(&bytesWritten);
    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
      return NS_OK;
    }

    AfterWriteAtomic(dispatchDate, bytesWritten);
    return NS_OK;
  }

 private:
  /**
   * Write atomically to a file.
   * Must be called off the main thread.
   * @param aBytesWritten will contain the total bytes written.
   * This does not support compression in this implementation.
   */
  nsresult WriteAtomic(int32_t* aBytesWritten) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());

    // Note: In Windows, many NSPR File I/O functions which act on pathnames
    // do not handle UTF-16 encoding. Thus, we use the following functions
    // to overcome this.
    // PR_Access : GetFileAttributesW
    // PR_Delete : DeleteFileW
    // PR_OpenFile : CreateFileW followed by PR_ImportFile
    // PR_Rename : MoveFileW

    ScopedPRFileDesc file;
    NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8 path(mPath);
    NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8 tmpPath(mTmpPath);
    NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8 backupTo(mBackupTo);
    bool fileExists = false;

    if (!mTmpPath.IsVoid() || !mBackupTo.IsVoid() || mNoOverwrite) {
      // fileExists needs to be computed in the case of tmpPath, since
      // the rename behaves differently depending on whether the
      // file already exists. It's also computed for backupTo since the
      // backup can be skipped if the file does not exist in the first place.
#if defined(XP_WIN)
      fileExists = ::GetFileAttributesW(mPath.get()) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES;
#else
      fileExists = PR_Access(path.get(), PR_ACCESS_EXISTS) == PR_SUCCESS;
#endif  // defined(XP_WIN)
    }

    // Check noOverwrite.
    if (mNoOverwrite && fileExists) {
      Fail("noOverwrite"_ns, nullptr, OS_ERROR_FILE_EXISTS);
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    // Backup the original file if it exists.
    if (!mBackupTo.IsVoid() && fileExists) {
#if defined(XP_WIN)
      if (::GetFileAttributesW(mBackupTo.get()) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
        // The file specified by mBackupTo exists, so we need to delete it
        // first.
        if (::DeleteFileW(mBackupTo.get()) == false) {
          Fail("delete"_ns, nullptr, ::GetLastError());
          return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
        }
      }

      if (::MoveFileW(mPath.get(), mBackupTo.get()) == false) {
        Fail("rename"_ns, nullptr, ::GetLastError());
        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
      }
#else
      if (PR_Access(backupTo.get(), PR_ACCESS_EXISTS) == PR_SUCCESS) {
        // The file specified by mBackupTo exists, so we need to delete it
        // first.
        if (PR_Delete(backupTo.get()) == PR_FAILURE) {
          Fail("delete"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
          return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
        }
      }

      if (PR_Rename(path.get(), backupTo.get()) == PR_FAILURE) {
        Fail("rename"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
      }
#endif  // defined(XP_WIN)
    }

#if defined(XP_WIN)
    // In addition to not handling UTF-16 encoding in file paths,
    // PR_OpenFile opens files without sharing, which is not the
    // general semantics of OS.File.
    HANDLE handle;
    // if we're dealing with a tmpFile, we need to write there.
    if (!mTmpPath.IsVoid()) {
      handle = ::CreateFileW(
          mTmpPath.get(), GENERIC_WRITE,
          FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE,
          /*Security attributes*/ nullptr,
          // CREATE_ALWAYS is used since since we need to create the temporary
          // file, which we don't care about overwriting.
          CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH,
          /*Template file*/ nullptr);
    } else {
      handle = ::CreateFileW(
          mPath.get(), GENERIC_WRITE,
          FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE,
          /*Security attributes*/ nullptr,
          // CREATE_ALWAYS is used since since have already checked the
          // noOverwrite condition, and thus can overwrite safely.
          CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH,
          /*Template file*/ nullptr);
    }

    if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
      Fail("open"_ns, nullptr, ::GetLastError());
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    file = PR_ImportFile((PROsfd)handle);
    if (!file) {
      // |file| is closed by PR_ImportFile
      Fail("ImportFile"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

#else
    // if we're dealing with a tmpFile, we need to write there.
    if (!mTmpPath.IsVoid()) {
      file =
          PR_OpenFile(tmpPath.get(), PR_WRONLY | PR_CREATE_FILE | PR_TRUNCATE,
                      PR_IRUSR | PR_IWUSR);
    } else {
      file = PR_OpenFile(path.get(), PR_WRONLY | PR_CREATE_FILE | PR_TRUNCATE,
                         PR_IRUSR | PR_IWUSR);
    }

    if (!file) {
      Fail("open"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }
#endif  // defined(XP_WIN)

    int32_t bytesWrittenSuccess =
        PR_Write(file, (void*)(mBuffer.get()), mBytes);

    if (bytesWrittenSuccess == -1) {
      Fail("write"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }

    // Apply any tmpPath renames.
    if (!mTmpPath.IsVoid()) {
      if (mBackupTo.IsVoid() && fileExists) {
        // We need to delete the old file first, if it exists and we haven't
        // already renamed it as a part of backing it up.
#if defined(XP_WIN)
        if (::DeleteFileW(mPath.get()) == false) {
          Fail("delete"_ns, nullptr, ::GetLastError());
          return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
        }
#else
        if (PR_Delete(path.get()) == PR_FAILURE) {
          Fail("delete"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
          return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
        }
#endif  // defined(XP_WIN)
      }

#if defined(XP_WIN)
      if (::MoveFileW(mTmpPath.get(), mPath.get()) == false) {
        Fail("rename"_ns, nullptr, ::GetLastError());
        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
      }
#else
      if (PR_Rename(tmpPath.get(), path.get()) == PR_FAILURE) {
        Fail("rename"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
      }
#endif  // defined(XP_WIN)
    }

    if (mFlush) {
      if (PR_Sync(file) == PR_FAILURE) {
        Fail("sync"_ns, nullptr, PR_GetOSError());
        return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
      }
    }

    *aBytesWritten = bytesWrittenSuccess;
    return NS_OK;
  }

 protected:
  nsresult AfterWriteAtomic(TimeStamp aDispatchDate, int32_t aBytesWritten) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());
    mResult->Init(aDispatchDate, TimeStamp::Now() - aDispatchDate,
                  aBytesWritten);
    Succeed(mResult.forget());
    return NS_OK;
  }

  const nsString mPath;
  const UniquePtr<char[], JS::FreePolicy> mBuffer;
  const int32_t mBytes;
  const nsString mTmpPath;
  const nsString mBackupTo;
  const bool mFlush;
  const bool mNoOverwrite;

 private:
  RefPtr<Int32Result> mResult;
};

}  // namespace

// The OS.File service

NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(NativeOSFileInternalsService,
                  nsINativeOSFileInternalsService);

NS_IMETHODIMP
NativeOSFileInternalsService::Read(const nsAString& aPath,
                                   JS::Handle<JS::Value> aOptions,
                                   nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback* aOnSuccess,
                                   nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback* aOnError,
                                   JSContext* cx) {
  // Extract options
  nsCString encoding;
  uint64_t bytes = UINT64_MAX;

  if (aOptions.isObject()) {
    dom::NativeOSFileReadOptions dict;
    if (!dict.Init(cx, aOptions)) {
      return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
    }

    if (dict.mEncoding.WasPassed()) {
      CopyUTF16toUTF8(dict.mEncoding.Value(), encoding);
    }

    if (dict.mBytes.WasPassed() && !dict.mBytes.Value().IsNull()) {
      bytes = dict.mBytes.Value().Value();
    }
  }

  // Prepare the off main thread event and dispatch it
  nsCOMPtr<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback> onSuccess(aOnSuccess);
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback> onSuccessHandle(
      new nsMainThreadPtrHolder<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>(
          "nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback", onSuccess));
  nsCOMPtr<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback> onError(aOnError);
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback> onErrorHandle(
      new nsMainThreadPtrHolder<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>(
          "nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback", onError));

  RefPtr<AbstractDoEvent> event;
  if (encoding.IsEmpty()) {
    event = new DoReadToTypedArrayEvent(aPath, bytes, onSuccessHandle,
                                        onErrorHandle);
  } else {
    event = new DoReadToStringEvent(aPath, encoding, bytes, onSuccessHandle,
                                    onErrorHandle);
  }

  nsresult rv;
  nsCOMPtr<nsIEventTarget> target =
      do_GetService(NS_STREAMTRANSPORTSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);

  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
    return rv;
  }
  return target->Dispatch(event, NS_DISPATCH_NORMAL);
}

// Note: This method steals the contents of `aBuffer`.
NS_IMETHODIMP
NativeOSFileInternalsService::WriteAtomic(
    const nsAString& aPath, JS::Handle<JS::Value> aBuffer,
    JS::Handle<JS::Value> aOptions, nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback* aOnSuccess,
    nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback* aOnError, JSContext* cx) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
  // Extract typed-array/string into buffer. We also need to store the length
  // of the buffer as that may be required if not provided in `aOptions`.
  UniquePtr<char[], JS::FreePolicy> buffer;
  int32_t bytes;

  // The incoming buffer must be an Object.
  if (!aBuffer.isObject()) {
    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
  }

  JS::Rooted<JSObject*> bufferObject(cx, nullptr);
  if (!JS_ValueToObject(cx, aBuffer, &bufferObject)) {
    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
  }
  if (!JS::IsArrayBufferObject(bufferObject.get())) {
    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
  }

  {
    // Throw for large ArrayBuffers to prevent truncation.
    size_t len = JS::GetArrayBufferByteLength(bufferObject.get());
    if (len > INT32_MAX) {
      return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
    }
    bytes = len;
  }
  buffer.reset(
      static_cast<char*>(JS::StealArrayBufferContents(cx, bufferObject)));

  if (!buffer) {
    return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
  }

  // Extract options.
  dom::NativeOSFileWriteAtomicOptions dict;

  if (aOptions.isObject()) {
    if (!dict.Init(cx, aOptions)) {
      return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
    }
  } else {
    // If an options object is not provided, initializing with a `null`
    // value, which will give a set of defaults defined in the WebIDL binding.
    if (!dict.Init(cx, JS::NullHandleValue)) {
      return NS_ERROR_FAILURE;
    }
  }

  if (dict.mBytes.WasPassed() && !dict.mBytes.Value().IsNull()) {
    // We need to check size and cast because NSPR and WebIDL have different
    // types.
    if (dict.mBytes.Value().Value() > PR_INT32_MAX) {
      return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
    }
    bytes = (int32_t)(dict.mBytes.Value().Value());
  }

  // Prepare the off main thread event and dispatch it
  nsCOMPtr<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback> onSuccess(aOnSuccess);
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback> onSuccessHandle(
      new nsMainThreadPtrHolder<nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback>(
          "nsINativeOSFileSuccessCallback", onSuccess));
  nsCOMPtr<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback> onError(aOnError);
  nsMainThreadPtrHandle<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback> onErrorHandle(
      new nsMainThreadPtrHolder<nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback>(
          "nsINativeOSFileErrorCallback", onError));

  RefPtr<AbstractDoEvent> event = new DoWriteAtomicEvent(
      aPath, std::move(buffer), bytes, dict.mTmpPath, dict.mBackupTo,
      dict.mFlush, dict.mNoOverwrite, onSuccessHandle, onErrorHandle);
  nsresult rv;
  nsCOMPtr<nsIEventTarget> target =
      do_GetService(NS_STREAMTRANSPORTSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rv);

  if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
    return rv;
  }

  return target->Dispatch(event, NS_DISPATCH_NORMAL);
}

}  // namespace mozilla