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diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2a47b4c --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,618 @@ +Git 2.13 Release Notes +====================== + +Backward compatibility notes. + + * Use of an empty string as a pathspec element that is used for + 'everything matches' is still warned and Git asks users to use a + more explicit '.' for that instead. The hope is that existing + users will not mind this change, and eventually the warning can be + turned into a hard error, upgrading the deprecation into removal of + this (mis)feature. That is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming + release (yet). + + * The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..." + has been deprecated for quite some time, and is now removed. + + * The default location "~/.git-credential-cache/socket" for the + socket used to communicate with the credential-cache daemon has + been moved to "~/.cache/git/credential/socket". + + * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup + sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository. A corner case that + happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG"). + We've tried hard to locate such cases and fixed them, but there + might still be cases that need to be addressed--bug reports are + greatly appreciated. + + +Updates since v2.12 +------------------- + +UI, Workflows & Features + + * "git describe" and "git name-rev" have been taught to take more + than one refname patterns to restrict the set of refs to base their + naming output on, and also learned to take negative patterns to + name refs not to be used for naming via their "--exclude" option. + + * Deletion of a branch "foo/bar" could remove .git/refs/heads/foo + once there no longer is any other branch whose name begins with + "foo/", but we didn't do so so far. Now we do. + + * When "git merge" detects a path that is renamed in one history + while the other history deleted (or modified) it, it now reports + both paths to help the user understand what is going on in the two + histories being merged. + + * The <url> part in "http.<url>.<variable>" configuration variable + can now be spelled with '*' that serves as wildcard. + E.g. "http.https://*.example.com.proxy" can be used to specify the + proxy used for https://a.example.com, https://b.example.com, etc., + i.e. any host in the example.com domain. + + * "git tag" did not leave useful message when adding a new entry to + reflog; this was left unnoticed for a long time because refs/tags/* + doesn't keep reflog by default. + + * The "negative" pathspec feature was somewhat more cumbersome to use + than necessary in that its short-hand used "!" which needed to be + escaped from shells, and it required "exclude from what?" specified. + + * The command line options for ssh invocation needs to be tweaked for + some implementations of SSH (e.g. PuTTY plink wants "-P <port>" + while OpenSSH wants "-p <port>" to specify port to connect to), and + the variant was guessed when GIT_SSH environment variable is used + to specify it. The logic to guess now applies to the command + specified by the newer GIT_SSH_COMMAND and also core.sshcommand + configuration variable, and comes with an escape hatch for users to + deal with misdetected cases. + + * The "--git-path", "--git-common-dir", and "--shared-index-path" + options of "git rev-parse" did not produce usable output. They are + now updated to show the path to the correct file, relative to where + the caller is. + + * "git diff -W" has been taught to handle the case where a new + function is added at the end of the file better. + + * "git update-ref -d" and other operations to delete references did + not leave any entry in HEAD's reflog when the reference being + deleted was the current branch. This is not a problem in practice + because you do not want to delete the branch you are currently on, + but caused renaming of the current branch to something else not to + be logged in a useful way. + + * "Cc:" on the trailer part does not have to conform to RFC strictly, + unlike in the e-mail header. "git send-email" has been updated to + ignore anything after '>' when picking addresses, to allow non-address + cruft like " # stable 4.4" after the address. + + * When "git submodule init" decides that the submodule in the working + tree is its upstream, it now gives a warning as it is not a very + common setup. + + * "git stash push" takes a pathspec so that the local changes can be + stashed away only partially. + + * Documentation for "git ls-files" did not refer to core.quotePath. + + * The experimental "split index" feature has gained a few + configuration variables to make it easier to use. + + * From a working tree of a repository, a new option of "rev-parse" + lets you ask if the repository is used as a submodule of another + project, and where the root level of the working tree of that + project (i.e. your superproject) is. + + * The pathspec mechanism learned to further limit the paths that + match the pattern to those that have specified attributes attached + via the gitattributes mechanism. + + * Our source code has used the SHA1_HEADER cpp macro after "#include" + in the C code to switch among the SHA-1 implementations. Instead, + list the exact header file names and switch among implementations + using "#ifdef BLK_SHA1/#include "block-sha1/sha1.h"/.../#endif"; + this helps some IDE tools. + + * The start-up sequence of "git" needs to figure out some configured + settings before it finds and set itself up in the location of the + repository and was quite messy due to its "chicken-and-egg" nature. + The code has been restructured. + + * The command line prompt (in contrib/) learned a new 'tag' style + that can be specified with GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE, to describe a + detached HEAD with "git describe --tags". + + * The configuration file learned a new "includeIf.<condition>.path" + that includes the contents of the given path only when the + condition holds. This allows you to say "include this work-related + bit only in the repositories under my ~/work/ directory". + + * Recent update to "rebase -i" started showing a message that is not + a warning with "warning:" prefix by mistake. This has been fixed. + + * Recently we started passing the "--push-options" through the + external remote helper interface; now the "smart HTTP" remote + helper understands what to do with the passed information. + + * "git describe --dirty" dies when it cannot be determined if the + state in the working tree matches that of HEAD (e.g. broken + repository or broken submodule). The command learned a new option + "git describe --broken" to give "$name-broken" (where $name is the + description of HEAD) in such a case. + + * "git checkout" is taught the "--recurse-submodules" option. + + * Recent enhancement to "git stash push" command to support pathspec + to allow only a subset of working tree changes to be stashed away + was found to be too chatty and exposed the internal implementation + detail (e.g. when it uses reset to match the index to HEAD before + doing other things, output from reset seeped out). These, and + other chattyness has been fixed. + + * "git merge <message> HEAD <commit>" syntax that has been deprecated + since October 2007 has been removed. + + * The refs completion for large number of refs has been sped up, + partly by giving up disambiguating ambiguous refs and partly by + eliminating most of the shell processing between 'git for-each-ref' + and 'ls-remote' and Bash's completion facility. + + * On many keyboards, typing "@{" involves holding down SHIFT key and + one can easily end up with "@{Up..." when typing "@{upstream}". As + the upstream/push keywords do not appear anywhere else in the syntax, + we can safely accept them case insensitively without introducing + ambiguity or confusion to solve this. + + * "git tag/branch/for-each-ref" family of commands long allowed to + filter the refs by "--contains X" (show only the refs that are + descendants of X), "--merged X" (show only the refs that are + ancestors of X), "--no-merged X" (show only the refs that are not + ancestors of X). One curious omission, "--no-contains X" (show + only the refs that are not descendants of X) has been added to + them. + + * The default behaviour of "git log" in an interactive session has + been changed to enable "--decorate". + + * The output from "git status --short" has been extended to show + various kinds of dirtiness in submodules differently; instead of to + "M" for modified, 'm' and '?' can be shown to signal changes only + to the working tree of the submodule but not the commit that is + checked out. + + * Allow the http.postbuffer configuration variable to be set to a + size that can be expressed in size_t, which can be larger than + ulong on some platforms. + + * "git rebase" learns "--signoff" option. + + * The completion script (in contrib/) learned to complete "git push + --delete b<TAB>" to complete branch name to be deleted. + + * "git worktree add --lock" allows to lock a worktree immediately + after it's created. This helps prevent a race between "git worktree + add; git worktree lock" and "git worktree prune". + + * Completion for "git checkout <branch>" that auto-creates the branch + out of a remote tracking branch can now be disabled, as this + completion often gets in the way when completing to checkout an + existing local branch that happens to share the same prefix with + bunch of remote tracking branches. + + +Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + + * The code to list branches in "git branch" has been consolidated + with the more generic ref-filter API. + + * Resource usage while enumerating refs from alternate object store + has been optimized to help receiving end of "push" that hosts a + repository with many "forks". + + * The gitattributes machinery is being taught to work better in a + multi-threaded environment. + + * "git rebase -i" starts using the recently updated "sequencer" code. + + * Code and design clean-up for the refs API. + + * The preload-index code has been taught not to bother with the index + entries that are paths that are not checked out by "sparse checkout". + + * Some warning() messages from "git clean" were updated to show the + errno from failed system calls. + + * The "parse_config_key()" API function has been cleaned up. + + * A test that creates a confusing branch whose name is HEAD has been + corrected not to do so. + + * The code that parses header fields in the commit object has been + updated for (micro)performance and code hygiene. + + * An helper function to make it easier to append the result from + real_path() to a strbuf has been added. + + * Reduce authentication round-trip over HTTP when the server supports + just a single authentication method. This also improves the + behaviour when Git is misconfigured to enable http.emptyAuth + against a server that does not authenticate without a username + (i.e. not using Kerberos etc., which makes http.emptyAuth + pointless). + + * Windows port wants to use OpenSSL's implementation of SHA-1 + routines, so let them. + + * The t/perf performance test suite was not prepared to test not so + old versions of Git, but now it covers versions of Git that are not + so ancient. + + * Add 32-bit Linux variant to the set of platforms to be tested with + Travis CI. + + * "git branch --list" takes the "--abbrev" and "--no-abbrev" options + to control the output of the object name in its "-v"(erbose) + output, but a recent update started ignoring them; fix it before + the breakage reaches to any released version. + + * Picking two versions of Git and running tests to make sure the + older one and the newer one interoperate happily has now become + possible. + + * "git tag --contains" used to (ab)use the object bits to keep track + of the state of object reachability without clearing them after + use; this has been cleaned up and made to use the newer commit-slab + facility. + + * The "debug" helper used in the test framework learned to run + a command under "gdb" interactively. + + * The "detect attempt to create collisions" variant of SHA-1 + implementation by Marc Stevens (CWI) and Dan Shumow (Microsoft) + has been integrated and made the default. + + * The test framework learned to detect unterminated here documents. + + * The name-hash used for detecting paths that are different only in + cases (which matter on case insensitive filesystems) has been + optimized to take advantage of multi-threading when it makes sense. + + * An earlier version of sha1dc/sha1.c that was merged to 'master' + compiled incorrectly on Windows, which has been fixed. + + * "what URL do we want to update this submodule?" and "are we + interested in this submodule?" are split into two distinct + concepts, and then the way used to express the latter got extended, + paving a way to make it easier to manage a project with many + submodules and make it possible to later extend use of multiple + worktrees for a project with submodules. + + * Some debugging output from "git describe" were marked for l10n, + but some weren't. Mark missing ones for l10n. + + * Define a new task in .travis.yml that triggers a test session on + Windows run elsewhere. + + * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues. + + * The "submodule" specific field in the ref_store structure is + replaced with a more generic "gitdir" that can later be used also + when dealing with ref_store that represents the set of refs visible + from the other worktrees. + + * The string-list API used a custom reallocation strategy that was + very inefficient, instead of using the usual ALLOC_GROW() macro, + which has been fixed. + (merge 950a234cbd jh/string-list-micro-optim later to maint). + + * In a 2- and 3-way merge of trees, more than one source trees often + end up sharing an identical subtree; optimize by not reading the + same tree multiple times in such a case. + (merge d12a8cf0af jh/unpack-trees-micro-optim later to maint). + + * The index file has a trailing SHA-1 checksum to detect file + corruption, and historically we checked it every time the index + file is used. Omit the validation during normal use, and instead + verify only in "git fsck". + + * Having a git command on the upstream side of a pipe in a test + script will hide the exit status from the command, which may cause + us to fail to notice a breakage; rewrite tests in a script to avoid + this issue. + + * Travis CI learns to run coccicheck. + + * "git checkout" that handles a lot of paths has been optimized by + reducing the number of unnecessary checks of paths in the + has_dir_name() function. + + * The internals of the refs API around the cached refs has been + streamlined. + + * Output from perf tests have been updated to align their titles. + +Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. + + +Fixes since v2.12 +----------------- + +Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.12 in the maintenance +track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases' +notes for details). + + * "git repack --depth=<n>" for a long time busted the specified depth + when reusing delta from existing packs. This has been corrected. + + * The code to parse the command line "git grep <patterns>... <rev> + [[--] <pathspec>...]" has been cleaned up, and a handful of bugs + have been fixed (e.g. we used to check "--" if it is a rev). + + * "git ls-remote" and "git archive --remote" are designed to work + without being in a directory under Git's control. However, recent + updates revealed that we randomly look into a directory called + .git/ without actually doing necessary set-up when working in a + repository. Stop doing so. + + * "git show-branch" expected there were only very short branch names + in the repository and used a fixed-length buffer to hold them + without checking for overflow. + + * A caller of tempfile API that uses stdio interface to write to + files may ignore errors while writing, which is detected when + tempfile is closed (with a call to ferror()). By that time, the + original errno that may have told us what went wrong is likely to + be long gone and was overwritten by an irrelevant value. + close_tempfile() now resets errno to EIO to make errno at least + predictable. + + * "git remote rm X", when a branch has remote X configured as the + value of its branch.*.remote, tried to remove branch.*.remote and + branch.*.merge and failed if either is unset. + + * A "gc.log" file left by a backgrounded "gc --auto" disables further + automatic gc; it has been taught to run at least once a day (by + default) by ignoring a stale "gc.log" file that is too old. + + * The code to parse "git -c VAR=VAL cmd" and set configuration + variable for the duration of cmd had two small bugs, which have + been fixed. + + * user.email that consists of only cruft chars should consistently + error out, but didn't. + + * "git upload-pack", which is a counter-part of "git fetch", did not + report a request for a ref that was not advertised as invalid. + This is generally not a problem (because "git fetch" will stop + before making such a request), but is the right thing to do. + + * A leak in a codepath to read from a packed object in (rare) cases + has been plugged. + + * When a redirected http transport gets an error during the + redirected request, we ignored the error we got from the server, + and ended up giving a not-so-useful error message. + + * The patch subcommand of "git add -i" was meant to have paths + selection prompt just like other subcommand, unlike "git add -p" + directly jumps to hunk selection. Recently, this was broken and + "add -i" lost the paths selection dialog, but it now has been + fixed. + + * Git v2.12 was shipped with an embarrassing breakage where various + operations that verify paths given from the user stopped dying when + seeing an issue, and instead later triggering segfault. + + * There is no need for Python only to give a few messages to the + standard error stream, but we somehow did. + + * The code to parse "git log -L..." command line was buggy when there + are many ranges specified with -L; overrun of the allocated buffer + has been fixed. + + * The command-line parsing of "git log -L" copied internal data + structures using incorrect size on ILP32 systems. + + * "git diff --quiet" relies on the size field in diff_filespec to be + correctly populated, but diff_populate_filespec() helper function + made an incorrect short-cut when asked only to populate the size + field for paths that need to go through convert_to_git() (e.g. CRLF + conversion). + + * A few tests were run conditionally under (rare) conditions where + they cannot be run (like running cvs tests under 'root' account). + + * "git branch @" created refs/heads/@ as a branch, and in general the + code that handled @{-1} and @{upstream} was a bit too loose in + disambiguating. + + * "git fetch" that requests a commit by object name, when the other + side does not allow such an request, failed without much + explanation. + + * "git filter-branch --prune-empty" drops a single-parent commit that + becomes a no-op, but did not drop a root commit whose tree is empty. + + * Recent versions of Git treats http alternates (used in dumb http + transport) just like HTTP redirects and requires the client to + enable following it, due to security concerns. But we forgot to + give a warning when we decide not to honor the alternates. + + * "git push" had a handful of codepaths that could lead to a deadlock + when unexpected error happened, which has been fixed. + + * "Dumb http" transport used to misparse a nonsense http-alternates + response, which has been fixed. + + * "git add -p <pathspec>" unnecessarily expanded the pathspec to a + list of individual files that matches the pathspec by running "git + ls-files <pathspec>", before feeding it to "git diff-index" to see + which paths have changes, because historically the pathspec + language supported by "diff-index" was weaker. These days they are + equivalent and there is no reason to internally expand it. This + helps both performance and avoids command line argument limit on + some platforms. + (merge 7288e12cce jk/add-i-use-pathspecs later to maint). + + * "git status --porcelain" is supposed to give a stable output, but a + few strings were left as translatable by mistake. + + * "git revert -m 0 $merge_commit" complained that reverting a merge + needs to say relative to which parent the reversion needs to + happen, as if "-m 0" weren't given. The correct diagnosis is that + "-m 0" does not refer to the first parent ("-m 1" does). This has + been fixed. + + * Code to read submodule.<name>.ignore config did not state the + variable name correctly when giving an error message diagnosing + misconfiguration. + + * Fix for NO_PTHREADS build. + + * Fix for potential segv introduced in v2.11.0 and later (also + v2.10.2) to "git log --pickaxe-regex -S". + + * A few unterminated here documents in tests were fixed, which in + turn revealed incorrect expectations the tests make. These tests + have been updated. + + * Fix for NO_PTHREADS option. + (merge 2225e1ea20 bw/grep-recurse-submodules later to maint). + + * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup + sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository. A corner case that + happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG"). + (merge b1ef400eec jk/no-looking-at-dotgit-outside-repo-final later to maint). + + * A few commands that recently learned the "--recurse-submodule" + option misbehaved when started from a subdirectory of the + superproject. + (merge b2dfeb7c00 bw/recurse-submodules-relative-fix later to maint). + + * FreeBSD implementation of getcwd(3) behaved differently when an + intermediate directory is unreadable/unsearchable depending on the + length of the buffer provided, which our strbuf_getcwd() was not + aware of. strbuf_getcwd() has been taught to cope with it better. + (merge a54e938e5b rs/freebsd-getcwd-workaround later to maint). + + * A recent update to "rebase -i" stopped running hooks for the "git + commit" command during "reword" action, which has been fixed. + + * Removing an entry from a notes tree and then looking another note + entry from the resulting tree using the internal notes API + functions did not work as expected. No in-tree users of the API + has such access pattern, but it still is worth fixing. + + * "git receive-pack" could have been forced to die by attempting + allocate an unreasonably large amount of memory with a crafted push + certificate; this has been fixed. + (merge f2214dede9 bc/push-cert-receive-fix later to maint). + + * Update error handling for codepath that deals with corrupt loose + objects. + (merge 51054177b3 jk/loose-object-info-report-error later to maint). + + * "git diff --submodule=diff" learned to work better in a project + with a submodule that in turn has its own submodules. + (merge 17b254cda6 sb/show-diff-for-submodule-in-diff-fix later to maint). + + * Update the build dependency so that an update to /usr/bin/perl + etc. result in recomputation of perl.mak file. + (merge c59c4939c2 ab/regen-perl-mak-with-different-perl later to maint). + + * "git push --recurse-submodules --push-option=<string>" learned to + propagate the push option recursively down to pushes in submodules. + + * If a patch e-mail had its first paragraph after an in-body header + indented (even after a blank line after the in-body header line), + the indented line was mistook as a continuation of the in-body + header. This has been fixed. + (merge fd1062e52e lt/mailinfo-in-body-header-continuation later to maint). + + * Clean up fallouts from recent tightening of the set-up sequence, + where Git barfs when repository information is accessed without + first ensuring that it was started in a repository. + (merge bccb22cbb1 jk/no-looking-at-dotgit-outside-repo later to maint). + + * "git p4" used "name-rev HEAD" when it wants to learn what branch is + checked out; it should use "symbolic-ref HEAD". + (merge eff451101d ld/p4-current-branch-fix later to maint). + + * "http.proxy" set to an empty string is used to disable the usage of + proxy. We broke this early last year. + (merge ae51d91105 sr/http-proxy-configuration-fix later to maint). + + * $GIT_DIR may in some cases be normalized with all symlinks resolved + while "gitdir" path expansion in the pattern does not receive the + same treatment, leading to incorrect mismatch. This has been fixed. + + * "git submodule" script does not work well with strange pathnames. + Protect it from a path with slashes in them, at least. + + * "git fetch-pack" was not prepared to accept ERR packet that the + upload-pack can send with a human-readable error message. It + showed the packet contents with ERR prefix, so there was no data + loss, but it was redundant to say "ERR" in an error message. + (merge 8e2c7bef03 jt/fetch-pack-error-reporting later to maint). + + * "ls-files --recurse-submodules" did not quite work well in a + project with nested submodules. + + * gethostname(2) may not NUL terminate the buffer if hostname does + not fit; unfortunately there is no easy way to see if our buffer + was too small, but at least this will make sure we will not end up + using garbage past the end of the buffer. + (merge 5781a9a270 dt/xgethostname-nul-termination later to maint). + + * A recent update broke "git add -p ../foo" from a subdirectory. + + * While handy, "git_path()" is a dangerous function to use as a + callsite that uses it safely one day can be broken by changes + to other code that calls it. Reduction of its use continues. + (merge 16d2676c9e jk/war-on-git-path later to maint). + + * The split-index code configuration code used an unsafe git_path() + function without copying its result out. + + * Many stale HTTP(s) links have been updated in our documentation. + (merge 613416f0be jk/update-links-in-docs later to maint). + + * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name + begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it + confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with + an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive + pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access + (i.e. the one whose name is "--help"). + + * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups. + (merge df2a6e38b7 jk/pager-in-use later to maint). + (merge 75ec4a6cb0 ab/branch-list-doc later to maint). + (merge 3e5b36c637 sg/skip-prefix-in-prettify-refname later to maint). + (merge 2c5e2865cc jk/fast-import-cleanup later to maint). + (merge 4473060bc2 ab/test-readme-updates later to maint). + (merge 48a96972fd ab/doc-submitting later to maint). + (merge f5c2bc2b96 jk/make-coccicheck-detect-errors later to maint). + (merge c105f563d1 cc/untracked later to maint). + (merge 8668976b53 jc/unused-symbols later to maint). + (merge fba275dc93 jc/bs-t-is-not-a-tab-for-sed later to maint). + (merge be6ed145de mm/ls-files-s-doc later to maint). + (merge 60b091c679 qp/bisect-docfix later to maint). + (merge 47242cd103 ah/diff-files-ours-theirs-doc later to maint). + (merge 35ad44cbd8 sb/submodule-rm-absorb later to maint). + (merge 0301f1fd92 va/i18n-perl-scripts later to maint). + (merge 733e064d98 vn/revision-shorthand-for-side-branch-log later to maint). + (merge 85999743e7 tb/doc-eol-normalization later to maint). + (merge 0747fb49fd jk/loose-object-fsck later to maint). + (merge d8f4481c4f jk/quarantine-received-objects later to maint). + (merge 7ba1ceef95 xy/format-patch-base later to maint). + (merge fa1912c89a rs/misc-cppcheck-fixes later to maint). + (merge f17d642d3b ab/push-cas-doc-n-test later to maint). + (merge 61e282425a ss/gitmodules-ignore-doc later to maint). + (merge 8d3047cd5b ss/submodule-shallow-doc later to maint). + (merge 1f9e18b772 jk/prio-queue-avoid-swap-with-self later to maint). + (merge 627fde1025 jk/submodule-init-segv-fix later to maint). + (merge d395745d81 rg/doc-pull-typofix later to maint). + (merge 01e60a9a22 rg/doc-submittingpatches-wordfix later to maint). + (merge 501d3cd7b8 sr/hooks-cwd-doc later to maint). |