summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/src/knot/dnssec/zone-sign.c
blob: ffa10c4817668eafb22921d86eb11d1eb00919bc (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
/*  Copyright (C) 2022 CZ.NIC, z.s.p.o. <knot-dns@labs.nic.cz>

    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include <assert.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

#include "libdnssec/error.h"
#include "libdnssec/key.h"
#include "libdnssec/keytag.h"
#include "libdnssec/sign.h"
#include "knot/common/log.h"
#include "knot/dnssec/key-events.h"
#include "knot/dnssec/key_records.h"
#include "knot/dnssec/rrset-sign.h"
#include "knot/dnssec/zone-sign.h"
#include "libknot/libknot.h"
#include "libknot/dynarray.h"
#include "contrib/wire_ctx.h"

typedef struct {
	node_t n;
	uint16_t type;
} type_node_t;

typedef struct {
	knot_dname_t *dname;
	knot_dname_t *hashed_dname;
	list_t *type_list;
} signed_info_t;

/*- private API - common functions -------------------------------------------*/

/*!
 * \brief Initializes RR set and set owner and rclass from template RR set.
 */
static knot_rrset_t rrset_init_from(const knot_rrset_t *src, uint16_t type)
{
	assert(src);
	knot_rrset_t rrset;
	knot_rrset_init(&rrset, src->owner, type, src->rclass, src->ttl);
	return rrset;
}

/*!
 * \brief Create empty RRSIG RR set for a given RR set to be covered.
 */
static knot_rrset_t create_empty_rrsigs_for(const knot_rrset_t *covered)
{
	assert(!knot_rrset_empty(covered));
	return rrset_init_from(covered, KNOT_RRTYPE_RRSIG);
}

static bool apex_rr_changed(const zone_node_t *old_apex,
                            const zone_node_t *new_apex,
                            uint16_t type)
{
	assert(old_apex);
	assert(new_apex);
	knot_rrset_t old_rr = node_rrset(old_apex, type);
	knot_rrset_t new_rr = node_rrset(new_apex, type);

	return !knot_rrset_equal(&old_rr, &new_rr, false);
}

static bool apex_dnssec_changed(zone_update_t *update)
{
	if (update->zone->contents == NULL || update->new_cont == NULL) {
		return false;
	}
	return apex_rr_changed(update->zone->contents->apex,
			       update->new_cont->apex, KNOT_RRTYPE_DNSKEY) ||
	       apex_rr_changed(update->zone->contents->apex,
			       update->new_cont->apex, KNOT_RRTYPE_NSEC3PARAM);
}

/*- private API - signing of in-zone nodes -----------------------------------*/

/*!
 * \brief Check if there is a valid signature for a given RR set and key.
 *
 * \param covered         RR set with covered records.
 * \param rrsigs          RR set with RRSIGs.
 * \param key             Signing key.
 * \param ctx             Signing context.
 * \param policy          DNSSEC policy.
 * \param skip_crypto     All RRSIGs in this node have been verified, just check validity.
 * \param refresh         Consider RRSIG expired when gonna expire this soon.
 * \param found_invalid   Out: some matching but expired%invalid RRSIG found.
 * \param at              Out: RRSIG position.
 *
 * \return The signature exists and is valid.
 */
static bool valid_signature_exists(const knot_rrset_t *covered,
				   const knot_rrset_t *rrsigs,
				   const dnssec_key_t *key,
				   dnssec_sign_ctx_t *ctx,
				   const kdnssec_ctx_t *dnssec_ctx,
				   knot_timediff_t refresh,
				   bool skip_crypto,
				   int *found_invalid,
				   uint16_t *at)
{
	assert(key);

	if (knot_rrset_empty(rrsigs)) {
		return false;
	}

	uint16_t rrsigs_rdata_count = rrsigs->rrs.count;
	knot_rdata_t *rdata = rrsigs->rrs.rdata;
	bool found_valid = false;
	for (uint16_t i = 0; i < rrsigs_rdata_count; i++) {
		uint16_t rr_keytag = knot_rrsig_key_tag(rdata);
		uint16_t rr_covered = knot_rrsig_type_covered(rdata);
		uint8_t rr_algo = knot_rrsig_alg(rdata);
		rdata = knot_rdataset_next(rdata);

		uint16_t keytag = dnssec_key_get_keytag(key);
		uint8_t algo = dnssec_key_get_algorithm(key);
		if (rr_keytag != keytag || rr_algo != algo || rr_covered != covered->type) {
			continue;
		}

		int ret = knot_check_signature(covered, rrsigs, i, key, ctx,
					       dnssec_ctx, refresh, skip_crypto);
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			if (at != NULL) {
				*at = i;
			}
			if (found_invalid == NULL) {
				return true;
			} else {
				found_valid = true; // continue searching for invalid RRSIG
			}
		} else if (found_invalid != NULL) {
			*found_invalid = ret;
		}
	}

	return found_valid;
}

/*!
 * \brief Note earliest expiration of a signature.
 *
 * \param rrsig       RRSIG rdata.
 * \param now         Current 64-bit timestamp.
 * \param expires_at  Current earliest expiration, will be updated.
 */
static void note_earliest_expiration(const knot_rdata_t *rrsig, knot_time_t now,
                                     knot_time_t *expires_at)
{
	assert(rrsig);
	if (expires_at == NULL) {
		return;
	}

	uint32_t curr_rdata = knot_rrsig_sig_expiration(rrsig);
	knot_time_t current = knot_time_from_u32(curr_rdata, now);

	*expires_at = knot_time_min(current, *expires_at);
}

bool rrsig_covers_type(const knot_rrset_t *rrsig, uint16_t type)
{
	if (knot_rrset_empty(rrsig)) {
		return false;
	}
	assert(rrsig->type == KNOT_RRTYPE_RRSIG);
	knot_rdata_t *one_rr = rrsig->rrs.rdata;
	for (int i = 0; i < rrsig->rrs.count; i++) {
		if (type == knot_rrsig_type_covered(one_rr)) {
			return true;
		}
		one_rr = knot_rdataset_next(one_rr);
	}
	return false;
}

/*!
 * \brief Add missing RRSIGs into the changeset for adding.
 *
 * \note Also removes invalid RRSIGs.
 *
 * \param covered     RR set with covered records.
 * \param rrsigs      RR set with RRSIGs.
 * \param sign_ctx    Local zone signing context.
 * \param skip_crypto All RRSIGs in this node have been verified, just check validity.
 * \param changeset   Changeset to be updated.
 * \param update      Zone update to be updated. Exactly one of "changeset" and "update" must be NULL!
 * \param expires_at  Earliest RRSIG expiration.
 *
 * \return Error code, KNOT_EOK if successful.
 */
static int add_missing_rrsigs(const knot_rrset_t *covered,
                              const knot_rrset_t *rrsigs,
                              zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx,
                              bool skip_crypto,
                              changeset_t *changeset,
                              zone_update_t *update,
                              knot_time_t *expires_at)
{
	assert(!knot_rrset_empty(covered));
	assert(sign_ctx);
	assert((bool)changeset != (bool)update);

	knot_rrset_t to_add = create_empty_rrsigs_for(covered);
	knot_rrset_t to_remove = create_empty_rrsigs_for(covered);
	int result = (!rrsig_covers_type(rrsigs, covered->type) ? KNOT_EOK :
	             knot_synth_rrsig(covered->type, &rrsigs->rrs, &to_remove.rrs, NULL));

	if (result == KNOT_EOK && sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->offline_records.rrsig.rrs.count > 0 &&
	    knot_dname_cmp(sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->offline_records.rrsig.owner, covered->owner) == 0 &&
	    rrsig_covers_type(&sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->offline_records.rrsig, covered->type)) {
		result = knot_synth_rrsig(covered->type,
		    &sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->offline_records.rrsig.rrs, &to_add.rrs, NULL);
		if (result == KNOT_EOK) {
			// don't remove what shall be added
			result = knot_rdataset_subtract(&to_remove.rrs, &to_add.rrs, NULL);
		}
		if (result == KNOT_EOK && !knot_rrset_empty(rrsigs)) {
			// don't add what's already present
			result = knot_rdataset_subtract(&to_add.rrs, &rrsigs->rrs, NULL);
		}
	}

	for (size_t i = 0; i < sign_ctx->count && result == KNOT_EOK; i++) {
		const zone_key_t *key = &sign_ctx->keys[i];
		if (!knot_zone_sign_use_key(key, covered)) {
			continue;
		}

		uint16_t valid_at;
		knot_timediff_t refresh = sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->policy->rrsig_refresh_before +
		                          sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->policy->rrsig_prerefresh;
		if (valid_signature_exists(covered, rrsigs, key->key, sign_ctx->sign_ctxs[i],
		                           sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx, refresh, skip_crypto, NULL, &valid_at)) {
			knot_rdata_t *valid_rr = knot_rdataset_at(&rrsigs->rrs, valid_at);
			result = knot_rdataset_remove(&to_remove.rrs, valid_rr, NULL);
			note_earliest_expiration(valid_rr, sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->now, expires_at);
			continue;
		}
		result = knot_sign_rrset(&to_add, covered, key->key, sign_ctx->sign_ctxs[i],
		                         sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx, NULL, expires_at);
	}

	if (!knot_rrset_empty(&to_remove) && result == KNOT_EOK) {
		if (changeset != NULL) {
			result = changeset_add_removal(changeset, &to_remove, 0);
		} else {
			result = zone_update_remove(update, &to_remove);
		}
	}

	if (!knot_rrset_empty(&to_add) && result == KNOT_EOK) {
		if (changeset != NULL) {
			result = changeset_add_addition(changeset, &to_add, 0);
		} else {
			result = zone_update_add(update, &to_add);
		}
	}

	knot_rdataset_clear(&to_add.rrs, NULL);
	knot_rdataset_clear(&to_remove.rrs, NULL);

	return result;
}

static bool key_used(bool ksk, bool zsk, uint16_t type,
                     const knot_dname_t *owner, const knot_dname_t *zone_apex)
{
	if (knot_dname_cmp(owner, zone_apex) != 0) {
		return zsk;
	}
	switch (type) {
	case KNOT_RRTYPE_DNSKEY:
	case KNOT_RRTYPE_CDNSKEY:
	case KNOT_RRTYPE_CDS:
		return ksk;
	default:
		return zsk;
	}
}

int knot_validate_rrsigs(const knot_rrset_t *covered,
                         const knot_rrset_t *rrsigs,
                         zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx,
                         bool skip_crypto)
{
	if (covered == NULL || rrsigs == NULL || sign_ctx == NULL) {
		return KNOT_EINVAL;
	}

	bool valid_exists = false;
	int ret = KNOT_EOK;
	for (size_t i = 0; i < sign_ctx->count; i++) {
		const knot_kasp_key_t *key = &sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->zone->keys[i];
		if (!key_used(key->is_ksk, key->is_zsk, covered->type,
		              covered->owner, sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->zone->dname)) {
			continue;
		}

		uint16_t valid_at;
		if (valid_signature_exists(covered, rrsigs, key->key, sign_ctx->sign_ctxs[i],
		                           sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx, 0, skip_crypto, &ret, &valid_at)) {
			valid_exists = true;
		}
	}

	return valid_exists ? ret : KNOT_DNSSEC_ENOSIG;
}

/*!
 * \brief Add all RRSIGs into the changeset for removal.
 *
 * \param covered    RR set with covered records.
 * \param changeset  Changeset to be updated.
 *
 * \return Error code, KNOT_EOK if successful.
 */
static int remove_rrset_rrsigs(const knot_dname_t *owner, uint16_t type,
                               const knot_rrset_t *rrsigs,
                               changeset_t *changeset)
{
	assert(owner);
	assert(changeset);
	knot_rrset_t synth_rrsig;
	knot_rrset_init(&synth_rrsig, (knot_dname_t *)owner,
	                KNOT_RRTYPE_RRSIG, rrsigs->rclass, rrsigs->ttl);
	int ret = knot_synth_rrsig(type, &rrsigs->rrs, &synth_rrsig.rrs, NULL);
	if (ret != KNOT_EOK) {
		if (ret != KNOT_ENOENT) {
			return ret;
		}
		return KNOT_EOK;
	}

	ret = changeset_add_removal(changeset, &synth_rrsig, 0);
	knot_rdataset_clear(&synth_rrsig.rrs, NULL);

	return ret;
}

/*!
 * \brief Drop all existing and create new RRSIGs for covered records.
 *
 * \param covered    RR set with covered records.
 * \param rrsigs     Existing RRSIGs for covered RR set.
 * \param sign_ctx   Local zone signing context.
 * \param changeset  Changeset to be updated.
 *
 * \return Error code, KNOT_EOK if successful.
 */
static int force_resign_rrset(const knot_rrset_t *covered,
                              const knot_rrset_t *rrsigs,
                              zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx,
                              changeset_t *changeset)
{
	assert(!knot_rrset_empty(covered));

	if (!knot_rrset_empty(rrsigs)) {
		int result = remove_rrset_rrsigs(covered->owner, covered->type,
		                                 rrsigs, changeset);
		if (result != KNOT_EOK) {
			return result;
		}
	}

	return add_missing_rrsigs(covered, NULL, sign_ctx, false, changeset, NULL, NULL);
}

/*!
 * \brief Drop all expired and create new RRSIGs for covered records.
 *
 * \param covered     RR set with covered records.
 * \param rrsigs      Existing RRSIGs for covered RR set.
 * \param sign_ctx    Local zone signing context.
 * \param skip_crypto All RRSIGs in this node have been verified, just check validity.
 * \param changeset   Changeset to be updated.
 * \param expires_at  Current earliest expiration, will be updated.
 *
 * \return Error code, KNOT_EOK if successful.
 */
static int resign_rrset(const knot_rrset_t *covered,
                        const knot_rrset_t *rrsigs,
                        zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx,
                        bool skip_crypto,
                        changeset_t *changeset,
                        knot_time_t *expires_at)
{
	assert(!knot_rrset_empty(covered));

	return add_missing_rrsigs(covered, rrsigs, sign_ctx, skip_crypto, changeset, NULL, expires_at);
}

static int remove_standalone_rrsigs(const zone_node_t *node,
                                    const knot_rrset_t *rrsigs,
                                    changeset_t *changeset)
{
	if (rrsigs == NULL) {
		return KNOT_EOK;
	}

	uint16_t rrsigs_rdata_count = rrsigs->rrs.count;
	knot_rdata_t *rdata = rrsigs->rrs.rdata;
	for (uint16_t i = 0; i < rrsigs_rdata_count; ++i) {
		uint16_t type_covered = knot_rrsig_type_covered(rdata);
		if (!node_rrtype_exists(node, type_covered)) {
			knot_rrset_t to_remove;
			knot_rrset_init(&to_remove, rrsigs->owner, rrsigs->type,
			                rrsigs->rclass, rrsigs->ttl);
			int ret = knot_rdataset_add(&to_remove.rrs, rdata, NULL);
			if (ret != KNOT_EOK) {
				return ret;
			}
			ret = changeset_add_removal(changeset, &to_remove, 0);
			knot_rdataset_clear(&to_remove.rrs, NULL);
			if (ret != KNOT_EOK) {
				return ret;
			}
		}
		rdata = knot_rdataset_next(rdata);
	}

	return KNOT_EOK;
}

/*!
 * \brief Update RRSIGs in a given node by updating changeset.
 *
 * \param node        Node to be signed.
 * \param sign_ctx    Local zone signing context.
 * \param changeset   Changeset to be updated.
 * \param expires_at  Current earliest expiration, will be updated.
 *
 * \return Error code, KNOT_EOK if successful.
 */
static int sign_node_rrsets(const zone_node_t *node,
                            zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx,
                            changeset_t *changeset,
                            knot_time_t *expires_at,
                            dnssec_validation_hint_t *hint)
{
	assert(node);
	assert(sign_ctx);

	int result = KNOT_EOK;
	knot_rrset_t rrsigs = node_rrset(node, KNOT_RRTYPE_RRSIG);
	bool skip_crypto = (node->flags & NODE_FLAGS_RRSIGS_VALID) &&
	                   !sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->keytag_conflict;

	for (int i = 0; result == KNOT_EOK && i < node->rrset_count; i++) {
		knot_rrset_t rrset = node_rrset_at(node, i);
		assert(rrset.type != KNOT_RRTYPE_ANY);

		if (!knot_zone_sign_rr_should_be_signed(node, &rrset)) {
			if (!sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->validation_mode) {
				result = remove_rrset_rrsigs(rrset.owner, rrset.type, &rrsigs, changeset);
			} else {
				if (knot_synth_rrsig_exists(rrset.type, &rrsigs.rrs)) {
					hint->node = node->owner;
					hint->rrtype = rrset.type;
					result = KNOT_DNSSEC_ENOSIG;
				}
			}
			continue;
		}

		if (sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->validation_mode) {
			result = knot_validate_rrsigs(&rrset, &rrsigs, sign_ctx, skip_crypto);
			if (result != KNOT_EOK) {
				hint->node = node->owner;
				hint->rrtype = rrset.type;
			}
		} else if (sign_ctx->dnssec_ctx->rrsig_drop_existing) {
			result = force_resign_rrset(&rrset, &rrsigs,
			                            sign_ctx, changeset);
		} else {
			result = resign_rrset(&rrset, &rrsigs, sign_ctx, skip_crypto,
			                      changeset, expires_at);
		}
	}

	if (result == KNOT_EOK) {
		result = remove_standalone_rrsigs(node, &rrsigs, changeset);
	}
	return result;
}

/*!
 * \brief Struct to carry data for 'sign_data' callback function.
 */
typedef struct {
	zone_tree_t *tree;
	zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx;
	changeset_t changeset;
	knot_time_t expires_at;
	dnssec_validation_hint_t *hint;
	size_t num_threads;
	size_t thread_index;
	size_t rrset_index;
	int errcode;
	int thread_init_errcode;
	pthread_t thread;
} node_sign_args_t;

/*!
 * \brief Sign node (callback function).
 *
 * \param node  Node to be signed.
 * \param data  Callback data, node_sign_args_t.
 */
static int sign_node(zone_node_t *node, void *data)
{
	assert(node);
	assert(data);

	node_sign_args_t *args = (node_sign_args_t *)data;

	if (node->rrset_count == 0) {
		return KNOT_EOK;
	}

	if (args->rrset_index++ % args->num_threads != args->thread_index) {
		return KNOT_EOK;
	}

	int result = sign_node_rrsets(node, args->sign_ctx,
	                              &args->changeset, &args->expires_at,
	                              args->hint);

	return result;
}

static void *tree_sign_thread(void *_arg)
{
	node_sign_args_t *arg = _arg;
	arg->errcode = zone_tree_apply(arg->tree, sign_node, _arg);
	return NULL;
}

static int set_signed(zone_node_t *node, _unused_ void *data)
{
	node->flags |= NODE_FLAGS_RRSIGS_VALID;
	return KNOT_EOK;
}

/*!
 * \brief Update RRSIGs in a given zone tree by updating changeset.
 *
 * \param tree        Zone tree to be signed.
 * \param num_threads Number of threads to use for parallel signing.
 * \param zone_keys   Zone keys.
 * \param policy      DNSSEC policy.
 * \param update      Zone update structure to be updated.
 * \param expires_at  Expiration time of the oldest signature in zone.
 *
 * \return Error code, KNOT_EOK if successful.
 */
static int zone_tree_sign(zone_tree_t *tree,
                          size_t num_threads,
                          zone_keyset_t *zone_keys,
                          const kdnssec_ctx_t *dnssec_ctx,
                          zone_update_t *update,
                          knot_time_t *expires_at)
{
	assert(zone_keys || dnssec_ctx->validation_mode);
	assert(dnssec_ctx);
	assert(update || dnssec_ctx->validation_mode);

	int ret = KNOT_EOK;
	node_sign_args_t args[num_threads];
	memset(args, 0, sizeof(args));
	*expires_at = knot_time_plus(dnssec_ctx->now, dnssec_ctx->policy->rrsig_lifetime);

	// init context structures
	for (size_t i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
		args[i].tree = tree;
		args[i].sign_ctx = dnssec_ctx->validation_mode
		                 ? zone_validation_ctx(dnssec_ctx)
		                 : zone_sign_ctx(zone_keys, dnssec_ctx);
		if (args[i].sign_ctx == NULL) {
			ret = KNOT_ENOMEM;
			break;
		}
		ret = changeset_init(&args[i].changeset, dnssec_ctx->zone->dname);
		if (ret != KNOT_EOK) {
			break;
		}
		args[i].expires_at = 0;
		args[i].hint = &update->validation_hint;
		args[i].num_threads = num_threads;
		args[i].thread_index = i;
		args[i].rrset_index = 0;
		args[i].errcode = KNOT_EOK;
		args[i].thread_init_errcode = -1;
	}
	if (ret != KNOT_EOK) {
		for (size_t i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
			changeset_clear(&args[i].changeset);
			zone_sign_ctx_free(args[i].sign_ctx);
		}
		return ret;
	}

	if (num_threads == 1) {
		args[0].thread_init_errcode = 0;
		tree_sign_thread(&args[0]);
	} else {
		// start working threads
		for (size_t i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
			args[i].thread_init_errcode =
				pthread_create(&args[i].thread, NULL, tree_sign_thread, &args[i]);
		}

		// join those threads that have been really started
		for (size_t i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
			if (args[i].thread_init_errcode == 0) {
				args[i].thread_init_errcode = pthread_join(args[i].thread, NULL);
			}
		}
	}

	// collect return code and results
	for (size_t i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			if (args[i].thread_init_errcode != 0) {
				ret = knot_map_errno_code(args[i].thread_init_errcode);
			} else {
				ret = args[i].errcode;
				if (ret == KNOT_EOK && !dnssec_ctx->validation_mode) {
					ret = zone_update_apply_changeset(update, &args[i].changeset); // _fix not needed
					*expires_at = knot_time_min(*expires_at, args[i].expires_at);
				}
			}
		}
		assert(!dnssec_ctx->validation_mode || changeset_empty(&args[i].changeset));
		changeset_clear(&args[i].changeset);
		zone_sign_ctx_free(args[i].sign_ctx);
	}

	return ret;
}

/*- private API - signing of NSEC(3) in changeset ----------------------------*/

/*!
 * \brief Struct to carry data for changeset signing callback functions.
 */
typedef struct {
	const zone_contents_t *zone;
	changeset_iter_t itt;
	zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx;
	changeset_t changeset;
	knot_time_t expires_at;
	size_t num_threads;
	size_t thread_index;
	size_t rrset_index;
	int errcode;
	int thread_init_errcode;
	pthread_t thread;
} changeset_signing_data_t;

int rrset_add_zone_key(knot_rrset_t *rrset, zone_key_t *zone_key)
{
	if (rrset == NULL || zone_key == NULL) {
		return KNOT_EINVAL;
	}

	dnssec_binary_t dnskey_rdata = { 0 };
	dnssec_key_get_rdata(zone_key->key, &dnskey_rdata);

	return knot_rrset_add_rdata(rrset, dnskey_rdata.data, dnskey_rdata.size, NULL);
}

static int rrset_add_zone_ds(knot_rrset_t *rrset, zone_key_t *zone_key, dnssec_key_digest_t dt)
{
	assert(rrset);
	assert(zone_key);

	dnssec_binary_t cds_rdata = { 0 };
	zone_key_calculate_ds(zone_key, dt, &cds_rdata);

	return knot_rrset_add_rdata(rrset, cds_rdata.data, cds_rdata.size, NULL);
}

int knot_zone_sign(zone_update_t *update,
                   zone_keyset_t *zone_keys,
                   const kdnssec_ctx_t *dnssec_ctx,
                   knot_time_t *expire_at)
{
	if (!update || !dnssec_ctx || !expire_at ||
	    dnssec_ctx->policy->signing_threads < 1 ||
	    (zone_keys == NULL && !dnssec_ctx->validation_mode)) {
		return KNOT_EINVAL;
	}

	int result;

	knot_time_t normal_expire = 0;
	result = zone_tree_sign(update->new_cont->nodes, dnssec_ctx->policy->signing_threads,
	                        zone_keys, dnssec_ctx, update, &normal_expire);
	if (result != KNOT_EOK) {
		return result;
	}

	knot_time_t nsec3_expire = 0;
	result = zone_tree_sign(update->new_cont->nsec3_nodes, dnssec_ctx->policy->signing_threads,
	                        zone_keys, dnssec_ctx, update, &nsec3_expire);
	if (result != KNOT_EOK) {
		return result;
	}

	bool whole = !(update->flags & UPDATE_INCREMENTAL);
	result = zone_tree_apply(whole ? update->new_cont->nodes : update->a_ctx->node_ptrs, set_signed, NULL);
	if (result == KNOT_EOK) {
		result = zone_tree_apply(whole ? update->new_cont->nsec3_nodes : update->a_ctx->nsec3_ptrs, set_signed, NULL);
	}

	*expire_at = knot_time_min(normal_expire, nsec3_expire);

	return result;
}

keyptr_dynarray_t knot_zone_sign_get_cdnskeys(const kdnssec_ctx_t *ctx,
					      zone_keyset_t *zone_keys)
{
	keyptr_dynarray_t r = { 0 };
	unsigned crp = ctx->policy->cds_cdnskey_publish;
	unsigned cds_published = 0;
	uint8_t ready_alg = 0;

	if (crp == CDS_CDNSKEY_ROLLOVER || crp == CDS_CDNSKEY_ALWAYS ||
	    crp == CDS_CDNSKEY_DOUBLE_DS) {
		// first, add strictly-ready keys
		for (int i = 0; i < zone_keys->count; i++) {
			zone_key_t *key = &zone_keys->keys[i];
			if (key->is_ready) {
				assert(key->is_ksk);
				ready_alg = dnssec_key_get_algorithm(key->key);
				keyptr_dynarray_add(&r, &key);
				if (!key->is_pub_only) {
					cds_published++;
				}
			}
		}

		// second, add active keys
		if ((crp == CDS_CDNSKEY_ALWAYS && cds_published == 0) ||
		    (crp == CDS_CDNSKEY_DOUBLE_DS)) {
			for (int i = 0; i < zone_keys->count; i++) {
				zone_key_t *key = &zone_keys->keys[i];
				if (key->is_ksk && key->is_active && !key->is_ready &&
				    (cds_published == 0 || ready_alg == dnssec_key_get_algorithm(key->key))) {
					keyptr_dynarray_add(&r, &key);
				}
			}
		}

		if ((crp != CDS_CDNSKEY_DOUBLE_DS && cds_published > 1) ||
		    (cds_published > 2)) {
			log_zone_warning(ctx->zone->dname, "DNSSEC, published CDS/CDNSKEY records for too many (%u) keys", cds_published);
		}
	}

	return r;
}

int knot_zone_sign_add_dnskeys(zone_keyset_t *zone_keys, const kdnssec_ctx_t *dnssec_ctx,
                               key_records_t *add_r, key_records_t *rem_r, key_records_t *orig_r)
{
	if (add_r == NULL || (rem_r != NULL && orig_r == NULL)) {
		return KNOT_EINVAL;
	}

	bool incremental = (dnssec_ctx->policy->incremental && rem_r != NULL);
	dnssec_key_digest_t cds_dt = dnssec_ctx->policy->cds_dt;
	int ret = KNOT_EOK;

	for (int i = 0; i < zone_keys->count; i++) {
		zone_key_t *key = &zone_keys->keys[i];
		if (key->is_public) {
			ret = rrset_add_zone_key(&add_r->dnskey, key);
		} else if (incremental) {
			ret = rrset_add_zone_key(&rem_r->dnskey, key);
		}

		// add all possible known CDNSKEYs and CDSs to removals. Sort it out later
		if (incremental && ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			ret = rrset_add_zone_key(&rem_r->cdnskey, key);
		}
		if (incremental && ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			ret = rrset_add_zone_ds(&rem_r->cds, key, cds_dt);
		}

		if (ret != KNOT_EOK) {
			return ret;
		}
	}

	keyptr_dynarray_t kcdnskeys = knot_zone_sign_get_cdnskeys(dnssec_ctx, zone_keys);
	knot_dynarray_foreach(keyptr, zone_key_t *, ksk_for_cds, kcdnskeys) {
		ret = rrset_add_zone_key(&add_r->cdnskey, *ksk_for_cds);
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			ret = rrset_add_zone_ds(&add_r->cds, *ksk_for_cds, cds_dt);
		}
	}

	if (incremental && ret == KNOT_EOK) { // else rem_r is empty
		ret = key_records_subtract(rem_r, add_r);
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			ret = key_records_intersect(rem_r, orig_r);
		}
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			ret = key_records_subtract(add_r, orig_r);
		}
	}

	if (dnssec_ctx->policy->cds_cdnskey_publish == CDS_CDNSKEY_EMPTY && ret == KNOT_EOK) {
		const uint8_t cdnskey_empty[5] = { 0, 0, 3, 0, 0 };
		const uint8_t cds_empty[5] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
		ret = knot_rrset_add_rdata(&add_r->cdnskey, cdnskey_empty, sizeof(cdnskey_empty), NULL);
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			ret = knot_rrset_add_rdata(&add_r->cds, cds_empty, sizeof(cds_empty), NULL);
		}
	}

	keyptr_dynarray_free(&kcdnskeys);
	return ret;
}

int knot_zone_sign_update_dnskeys(zone_update_t *update,
                                  zone_keyset_t *zone_keys,
                                  kdnssec_ctx_t *dnssec_ctx)
{
	if (update == NULL || zone_keys == NULL || dnssec_ctx == NULL) {
		return KNOT_EINVAL;
	}

	if (dnssec_ctx->policy->unsafe & UNSAFE_DNSKEY) {
		return KNOT_EOK;
	}

	const zone_node_t *apex = update->new_cont->apex;
	knot_rrset_t soa = node_rrset(apex, KNOT_RRTYPE_SOA);
	if (knot_rrset_empty(&soa)) {
		return KNOT_EINVAL;
	}

	key_records_t orig_r;
	key_records_from_apex(apex, &orig_r);

	changeset_t ch;
	int ret = changeset_init(&ch, apex->owner);
	if (ret != KNOT_EOK) {
		return ret;
	}

	if (!dnssec_ctx->policy->incremental) {
		// remove all. This will cancel out with additions later
		ret = key_records_to_changeset(&orig_r, &ch, true, 0);
		if (ret != KNOT_EOK) {
			return ret;
		}
	}

	key_records_t add_r, rem_r;
	key_records_init(dnssec_ctx, &add_r);
	key_records_init(dnssec_ctx, &rem_r);

#define CHECK_RET if (ret != KNOT_EOK) goto cleanup

	if (dnssec_ctx->policy->offline_ksk) {
		key_records_t *r = &dnssec_ctx->offline_records;
		log_zone_info(dnssec_ctx->zone->dname,
		              "DNSSEC, using offline records, DNSKEYs %hu, CDNSKEYs %hu, CDs %hu, RRSIGs %hu",
		              r->dnskey.rrs.count, r->cdnskey.rrs.count, r->cds.rrs.count, r->rrsig.rrs.count);
		ret = key_records_to_changeset(r, &ch, false, CHANGESET_CHECK);
		CHECK_RET;
	} else {
		ret = knot_zone_sign_add_dnskeys(zone_keys, dnssec_ctx, &add_r, &rem_r, &orig_r);
		CHECK_RET;
		ret = key_records_to_changeset(&rem_r, &ch, true, CHANGESET_CHECK);
		CHECK_RET;
		ret = key_records_to_changeset(&add_r, &ch, false, CHANGESET_CHECK);
		CHECK_RET;
	}

	if (dnssec_ctx->policy->ds_push && node_rrtype_exists(ch.add->apex, KNOT_RRTYPE_CDS)) {
		// there is indeed a change to CDS
		update->zone->timers.next_ds_push = time(NULL) + dnssec_ctx->policy->propagation_delay;
		zone_events_schedule_at(update->zone, ZONE_EVENT_DS_PUSH, update->zone->timers.next_ds_push);
	}

	ret = zone_update_apply_changeset(update, &ch);

#undef CHECK_RET

cleanup:
	key_records_clear(&add_r);
	key_records_clear(&rem_r);
	changeset_clear(&ch);
	return ret;
}

bool knot_zone_sign_use_key(const zone_key_t *key, const knot_rrset_t *covered)
{
	if (key == NULL || covered == NULL) {
		return false;
	}

	bool active_ksk = ((key->is_active || key->is_ksk_active_plus) && key->is_ksk);
	bool active_zsk = ((key->is_active || key->is_zsk_active_plus) && key->is_zsk);;

	// this may be a problem with offline KSK
	bool cds_sign_by_ksk = true;

	assert(key->is_zsk || key->is_ksk);
	bool is_apex = knot_dname_is_equal(covered->owner,
	                                   dnssec_key_get_dname(key->key));
	if (!is_apex) {
		return active_zsk;
	}

	switch (covered->type) {
	case KNOT_RRTYPE_DNSKEY:
		return active_ksk;
	case KNOT_RRTYPE_CDS:
	case KNOT_RRTYPE_CDNSKEY:
		return (cds_sign_by_ksk ? active_ksk : active_zsk);
	default:
		return active_zsk;
	}
}

static int sign_in_changeset(zone_node_t *node, uint16_t rrtype, knot_rrset_t *rrsigs,
                             zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx, int ret_prev,
                             bool skip_crypto, zone_update_t *up)
{
	if (ret_prev != KNOT_EOK) {
		return ret_prev;
	}
	knot_rrset_t rr = node_rrset(node, rrtype);
	if (knot_rrset_empty(&rr)) {
		return KNOT_EOK;
	}
	return add_missing_rrsigs(&rr, rrsigs, sign_ctx, skip_crypto, NULL, up, NULL);
}

int knot_zone_sign_nsecs_in_changeset(const zone_keyset_t *zone_keys,
                                      const kdnssec_ctx_t *dnssec_ctx,
                                      zone_update_t *update)
{
	if (zone_keys == NULL || dnssec_ctx == NULL || update == NULL) {
		return KNOT_EINVAL;
	}

	zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx = zone_sign_ctx(zone_keys, dnssec_ctx);
	if (sign_ctx == NULL) {
		return KNOT_ENOMEM;
	}

	zone_tree_it_t it = { 0 };
	int ret = zone_tree_it_double_begin(update->a_ctx->node_ptrs, update->a_ctx->nsec3_ptrs, &it);

	while (!zone_tree_it_finished(&it) && ret == KNOT_EOK) {
		zone_node_t *n = zone_tree_it_val(&it);
		bool skip_crypto = (n->flags & NODE_FLAGS_RRSIGS_VALID) && !dnssec_ctx->keytag_conflict;

		knot_rrset_t rrsigs = node_rrset(n, KNOT_RRTYPE_RRSIG);
		ret = sign_in_changeset(n, KNOT_RRTYPE_NSEC, &rrsigs, sign_ctx, ret, skip_crypto, update);
		ret = sign_in_changeset(n, KNOT_RRTYPE_NSEC3, &rrsigs, sign_ctx, ret, skip_crypto, update);
		ret = sign_in_changeset(n, KNOT_RRTYPE_NSEC3PARAM, &rrsigs, sign_ctx, ret, skip_crypto, update);

		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			n->flags |= NODE_FLAGS_RRSIGS_VALID; // non-NSEC RRSIGs had been validated in knot_dnssec_sign_update()
		}

		zone_tree_it_next(&it);
	}
	zone_tree_it_free(&it);
	zone_sign_ctx_free(sign_ctx);

	return ret;
}

bool knot_zone_sign_rr_should_be_signed(const zone_node_t *node,
                                        const knot_rrset_t *rrset)
{
	if (node == NULL || knot_rrset_empty(rrset)) {
		return false;
	}

	if (rrset->type == KNOT_RRTYPE_RRSIG || (node->flags & NODE_FLAGS_NONAUTH)) {
		return false;
	}

	// At delegation points we only want to sign NSECs and DSs
	if (node->flags & NODE_FLAGS_DELEG) {
		if (!(rrset->type == KNOT_RRTYPE_NSEC ||
		      rrset->type == KNOT_RRTYPE_DS)) {
			return false;
		}
	}

	return true;
}

int knot_zone_sign_update(zone_update_t *update,
                          zone_keyset_t *zone_keys,
                          const kdnssec_ctx_t *dnssec_ctx,
                          knot_time_t *expire_at)
{
	if (update == NULL || dnssec_ctx == NULL || expire_at == NULL ||
	    dnssec_ctx->policy->signing_threads < 1 ||
	    (zone_keys == NULL && !dnssec_ctx->validation_mode)) {
		return KNOT_EINVAL;
	}

	int ret = KNOT_EOK;

	/* Check if the UPDATE changed DNSKEYs or NSEC3PARAM.
	 * If so, we have to sign the whole zone. */
	const bool full_sign = apex_dnssec_changed(update);
	if (full_sign) {
		ret = knot_zone_sign(update, zone_keys, dnssec_ctx, expire_at);
	} else {
		ret = zone_tree_sign(update->a_ctx->node_ptrs, dnssec_ctx->policy->signing_threads,
				     zone_keys, dnssec_ctx, update, expire_at);
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			ret = zone_tree_apply(update->a_ctx->node_ptrs, set_signed, NULL);
		}
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK && dnssec_ctx->validation_mode) {
			ret = zone_tree_sign(update->a_ctx->nsec3_ptrs, dnssec_ctx->policy->signing_threads,
			                     zone_keys, dnssec_ctx, update, expire_at);
		}
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK && dnssec_ctx->validation_mode) {
			ret = zone_tree_apply(update->a_ctx->nsec3_ptrs, set_signed, NULL);
		}
	}

	return ret;
}

int knot_zone_sign_apex_rr(zone_update_t *update, uint16_t rrtype,
                           const zone_keyset_t *zone_keys,
                           const kdnssec_ctx_t *dnssec_ctx)
{
	knot_rrset_t rr = node_rrset(update->new_cont->apex, rrtype);
	knot_rrset_t rrsig = node_rrset(update->new_cont->apex, KNOT_RRTYPE_RRSIG);
	changeset_t ch;
	int ret = changeset_init(&ch, update->zone->name);
	if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
		zone_sign_ctx_t *sign_ctx = zone_sign_ctx(zone_keys, dnssec_ctx);
		if (sign_ctx == NULL) {
			changeset_clear(&ch);
			return KNOT_ENOMEM;
		}
		ret = force_resign_rrset(&rr, &rrsig, sign_ctx, &ch);
		if (ret == KNOT_EOK) {
			ret = zone_update_apply_changeset(update, &ch);
		}
		zone_sign_ctx_free(sign_ctx);
	}
	changeset_clear(&ch);
	return ret;
}