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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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* the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 .
-->
<helpdocument version="1.0">
<meta>
<topic id="textsmath0103090700xml" indexer="include" status="PUBLISH">
<title id="tit" xml-lang="en-US">Format</title>
<filename>/text/smath/01/03090700.xhp</filename>
</topic>
</meta>
<body>
<section id="formatting">
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3153150"><bookmark_value>formatting;in $[officename] Math</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>$[officename] Math; formatting</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>superscripts</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>binomials</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>vertical elements</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>lines; inserting in formulas</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>subscripts</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>stacks</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>vertical arrangement of elements</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>small gaps</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>alignment; left (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>left-justified alignment (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>alignment; horizontally centered (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>centered horizontally; alignment (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>alignment; right (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>right-justified alignment in %PRODUCTNAME Math</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>matrices; arranging</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>spaces in formulas</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>gaps in formulas</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>inserting; gaps</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>arranging;matrices</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>formulas;aligning</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>aligning formulas</bookmark_value>
</bookmark><comment>mw added two index entries about formula alignment and made "formatting.." a two level entry</comment>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_FORMAT_TBX" id="bm_id3149290" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3153150" xml-lang="en-US" level="1"><link href="text/smath/01/03090700.xhp" name="Format">Format</link></paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147262" xml-lang="en-US">You can choose among various options for formatting a $[officename] Math formula. The format options are displayed in the lower part of the Elements pane. These options are also listed in the <link href="text/shared/00/00000001.xhp#contextmenu" name="context menu">context menu</link> of the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</section>
<section id="howtoget">
<embed href="text/smath/00/00000004.xhp#formatting"/>
</section>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154263" xml-lang="en-US">The following is a complete list of all available formatting options in $[officename] Math. The icon next to the formatting option indicates that it can be accessed through the Elements pane (menu <emph>View - Elements</emph>) or through the context menu of the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="note" id="par_id3153536" xml-lang="en-US">The letter "a" refers to the placeholder in your formula which you would like to assign to the respective formatting. You can substitute this character for any other you like.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3151104" xml-lang="en-US" level="3">Formatting options</paragraph>
<table id="tbl_id3154569">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN1008B" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3150981" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21916.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3150981" xml-lang="en-US">Superscript left Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LSUPX" id="bm_id3154473" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3147519" xml-lang="en-US">Superscript left</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147531" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LSUPX">Inserts a superscript to the left of a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph><?>lsup{<?>}</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3155895">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN100C4" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149691" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21918.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149691" xml-lang="en-US">Superscript top Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_CSUPX" id="bm_id3146921" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3146931" xml-lang="en-US">Superscript top</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3159195" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_CSUPX">Inserts a superscript directly above a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph><?>csup<?></emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3149482">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN100FF" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149097" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21908.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149097" xml-lang="en-US">Superscript right Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_RSUPX" id="bm_id3149821" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3151249" xml-lang="en-US">Superscript right</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3151262" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_RSUPX">Inserts a superscript to the right of a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph><?>^{<?>}</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window, or you can use <emph>rsup</emph> or <emph>sup</emph>.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3154908">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN1013E" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149044" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21905.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149044" xml-lang="en-US">Vertical stack (2 elements) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_BINOMXY" id="bm_id3147575" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3152774" xml-lang="en-US">Vertical stack (2 elements)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147326" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_BINOMXY">Inserts a vertical stack (binomial) with two placeholders.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>binom<?><?></emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3147079">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10179" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3154390" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21901.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3154390" xml-lang="en-US">New line Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_NEWLINE" id="bm_id3151033" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3150575" xml-lang="en-US">New line</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150587" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_NEWLINE">Inserts a new line in your document.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>newline</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3154918">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN101B2" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3155117" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21912.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3155117" xml-lang="en-US">Subscript left Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LSUBX" id="bm_id3148751" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3148760" xml-lang="en-US">Subscript left</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147309" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LSUBX">Inserts a subscript to the left of a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph><?>lsub{<?>}</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3151384">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN101EB" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149544" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21917.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149544" xml-lang="en-US">Subscript bottom Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_CSUBX" id="bm_id3150119" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3150687" xml-lang="en-US">Subscript bottom</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150699" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_CSUBX">Inserts a subscript directly under a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph><?>csub<?></emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3147624">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10226" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3145265" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21904.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3145265" xml-lang="en-US">Subscript right Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_RSUBX" id="bm_id3145126" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3145136" xml-lang="en-US">Subscript right</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3146913" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_RSUBX">Inserts a subscript to the right of a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph><?>_{<?>}</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window, and the subscript dash can be replaced by <emph>rsub</emph> or <emph>sub</emph>.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3150558">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10265" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149220" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21906.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149220" xml-lang="en-US">Vertical stack (3 elements) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_STACK" id="bm_id3147107" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3147116" xml-lang="en-US">Vertical stack (3 elements)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3146332" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_STACK">Inserts a vertical stack with three placeholders.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>stack {<?>#<?>#<?>}</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3147608">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN102A0" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149848" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21902.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149848" xml-lang="en-US">Small gap Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SBLANK" id="bm_id3155563" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3155572" xml-lang="en-US">Small gap</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147056" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SBLANK">Inserts a small gap between a placeholder and the next element.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>`</emph> directly in the Commands window. The command must appear to the left or right of a symbol, variable, number or complete command.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3154778">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN102DC" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3154094" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21909.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3154094" xml-lang="en-US">Align left Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_ALIGNLX" id="bm_id3153801" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3154580" xml-lang="en-US">Align left</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154592" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_ALIGNLX">This icon assigns left-alignment to "a" and inserts a placeholder.</ahelp> You can type <emph>alignl<?></emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3151117">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10317" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3156130" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21910.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3156130" xml-lang="en-US">Align to horizontal center Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_ALIGNCX" id="bm_id3154714" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3154723" xml-lang="en-US">Align to horizontal center</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149319" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_ALIGNCX">Assigns horizontal central alignment to "a" and inserts a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>alignc<?></emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3150461">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10352" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3155583" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21911.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3155583" xml-lang="en-US">Align right Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_ALIGNRX" id="bm_id3151209" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3149768" xml-lang="en-US">Align right</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149780" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_ALIGNRX">Inserts the command for right alignment and a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>alignr<?></emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3149237">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN1038D" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3155085" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21907.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3155085" xml-lang="en-US">Matrix stack Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_MATRIX" id="bm_id3154328" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3154338" xml-lang="en-US">Matrix stack</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3146941" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_MATRIX">This icon inserts a matrix with four placeholders.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>matrix{<?>#<?>##<?>#<?>}</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The position of an element inside this diagram is indicated by two coordinates; the first specifies the line number and the second the column number. You can expand this matrix in any direction in the <emph>Commands</emph> window by adding characters.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3148795">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN103C9" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3150027" src="media/helpimg/starmath/co21903.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3150027" xml-lang="en-US">Gap Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_BLANK" id="bm_id3155108" localize="false"/></tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3149358" xml-lang="en-US">Gap</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149370" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_BLANK">This icon inserts a gap or space between placeholders.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>~</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The command must appear to the left or right of a symbol, variable, number or complete command.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155394" xml-lang="en-US">For alignment, the <emph>alignl, alignc</emph> and <emph>alignr</emph> commands are especially effective, if you are </paragraph>
<list type="unordered">
<listitem>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3151009" xml-lang="en-US">aligning numerators and denominators, for example <emph>{alignl a}over{b+c}</emph>
</paragraph>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3148812" xml-lang="en-US">constructing binomials or stacks, for example <emph>binom{2*n}{alignr k}</emph>
</paragraph>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154360" xml-lang="en-US">aligning the elements in a matrix, for example <emph>matrix{alignr a#b+2##c+1/3#alignl d}</emph> and</paragraph>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155946" xml-lang="en-US">beginning a new line, for example <emph>a+b-c newline alignr x/y</emph>
</paragraph>
</listitem>
</list>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154621" xml-lang="en-US">When using the align instructions, note that</paragraph>
<list type="unordered">
<listitem>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147382" xml-lang="en-US">they can only placed at the beginning of expressions and can only occur once. Therefore you can type <emph>a+b alignr c</emph>, but not <emph>a+alignr b</emph>
</paragraph>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154004" xml-lang="en-US">they affect each other, which means that typing <emph>{alignl{alignr a}}over{b+c}</emph> aligns <emph>a</emph> on the right.</paragraph>
</listitem>
</list>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id8036133" xml-lang="en-US" level="3">To align using the "matrix" command</paragraph>
<paragraph role="smathcode" id="par_id5398419" xml-lang="en-US" localize="false">matrix{</paragraph>
<paragraph role="smathcode" id="par_id1456343" xml-lang="en-US" localize="false">alignr sin^2 x + cos^2 x#{}={}#alignl 1 ##</paragraph>
<paragraph role="smathcode" id="par_id4572588" xml-lang="en-US" localize="false">alignr cos^2 x #{}={} #alignl 1 - sin^2 x</paragraph>
<paragraph role="smathcode" id="par_id2879726" xml-lang="en-US" localize="false">}</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="par_idN10F70" xml-lang="en-US" level="3">Aligning to the left</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149645" xml-lang="en-US">If a line or an expression begins with text, it is aligned on the left by default. You can change this with any of the <emph>align</emph> commands. An example is <emph>stack{a+b-c*d#alignr "text"}</emph>, where "text" appears aligned to the right. Note that text must always be surrounded by quotation marks.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149966" xml-lang="en-US">The standard centralized formulas can be aligned to the left without using the <emph>Format - Align</emph> menu. To do this, place an empty character string, that is, the inverted commas which surround any text "", before the section of formula that you want to align. For example, typing <emph>"" a+b newline "" c+d</emph> results in both equations being left-aligned instead of centered.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="warning" id="par_id3145654" xml-lang="en-US">When typing information in the Commands window, note that some formats require spaces for the correct structure. This is especially true when entering values (for example, a lsup{3}) instead of placeholders.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3148708" xml-lang="en-US">Click <link href="text/smath/01/03091100.xhp" name="Brackets and Grouping">Brackets and Grouping</link> for more information about formatting in <emph>$[officename] Math</emph>.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155340" xml-lang="en-US">Useful information about <link href="text/smath/01/03091200.xhp" name="Indexes and Exponents">Indexes and Exponents</link> and <link href="text/smath/01/03091400.xhp" name="Scaling">Scaling</link>, helps you organize your document in the best possible way.</paragraph>
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