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+===========================================
+How CPU topology info is exported via sysfs
+===========================================
+
+CPU topology info is exported via sysfs. Items (attributes) are similar
+to /proc/cpuinfo output of some architectures. They reside in
+/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/. Please refer to the ABI file:
+Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-devices-system-cpu.
+
+Architecture-neutral, drivers/base/topology.c, exports these attributes.
+However the die, cluster, book, and drawer hierarchy related sysfs files will
+only be created if an architecture provides the related macros as described
+below.
+
+For an architecture to support this feature, it must define some of
+these macros in include/asm-XXX/topology.h::
+
+ #define topology_physical_package_id(cpu)
+ #define topology_die_id(cpu)
+ #define topology_cluster_id(cpu)
+ #define topology_core_id(cpu)
+ #define topology_book_id(cpu)
+ #define topology_drawer_id(cpu)
+ #define topology_sibling_cpumask(cpu)
+ #define topology_core_cpumask(cpu)
+ #define topology_cluster_cpumask(cpu)
+ #define topology_die_cpumask(cpu)
+ #define topology_book_cpumask(cpu)
+ #define topology_drawer_cpumask(cpu)
+
+The type of ``**_id macros`` is int.
+The type of ``**_cpumask macros`` is ``(const) struct cpumask *``. The latter
+correspond with appropriate ``**_siblings`` sysfs attributes (except for
+topology_sibling_cpumask() which corresponds with thread_siblings).
+
+To be consistent on all architectures, include/linux/topology.h
+provides default definitions for any of the above macros that are
+not defined by include/asm-XXX/topology.h:
+
+1) topology_physical_package_id: -1
+2) topology_die_id: -1
+3) topology_cluster_id: -1
+4) topology_core_id: 0
+5) topology_book_id: -1
+6) topology_drawer_id: -1
+7) topology_sibling_cpumask: just the given CPU
+8) topology_core_cpumask: just the given CPU
+9) topology_cluster_cpumask: just the given CPU
+10) topology_die_cpumask: just the given CPU
+11) topology_book_cpumask: just the given CPU
+12) topology_drawer_cpumask: just the given CPU
+
+Additionally, CPU topology information is provided under
+/sys/devices/system/cpu and includes these files. The internal
+source for the output is in brackets ("[]").
+
+ =========== ==========================================================
+ kernel_max: the maximum CPU index allowed by the kernel configuration.
+ [NR_CPUS-1]
+
+ offline: CPUs that are not online because they have been
+ HOTPLUGGED off or exceed the limit of CPUs allowed by the
+ kernel configuration (kernel_max above).
+ [~cpu_online_mask + cpus >= NR_CPUS]
+
+ online: CPUs that are online and being scheduled [cpu_online_mask]
+
+ possible: CPUs that have been allocated resources and can be
+ brought online if they are present. [cpu_possible_mask]
+
+ present: CPUs that have been identified as being present in the
+ system. [cpu_present_mask]
+ =========== ==========================================================
+
+The format for the above output is compatible with cpulist_parse()
+[see <linux/cpumask.h>]. Some examples follow.
+
+In this example, there are 64 CPUs in the system but cpus 32-63 exceed
+the kernel max which is limited to 0..31 by the NR_CPUS config option
+being 32. Note also that CPUs 2 and 4-31 are not online but could be
+brought online as they are both present and possible::
+
+ kernel_max: 31
+ offline: 2,4-31,32-63
+ online: 0-1,3
+ possible: 0-31
+ present: 0-31
+
+In this example, the NR_CPUS config option is 128, but the kernel was
+started with possible_cpus=144. There are 4 CPUs in the system and cpu2
+was manually taken offline (and is the only CPU that can be brought
+online.)::
+
+ kernel_max: 127
+ offline: 2,4-127,128-143
+ online: 0-1,3
+ possible: 0-127
+ present: 0-3
+
+See Documentation/core-api/cpu_hotplug.rst for the possible_cpus=NUM
+kernel start parameter as well as more information on the various cpumasks.