'\" t
.\"     Title: chpasswd
.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 08/11/2022
.\"    Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema
.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
.\"  Language: Italian
.\"
.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "08/11/2022" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "Comandi per la gestione del si"
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.SH "NOME"
chpasswd \- aggiorna le password in modo non interattivo
.SH "SINOSSI"
.HP \w'\fBchpasswd\fR\ 'u
\fBchpasswd\fR [\fIopzioni\fR]
.SH "DESCRIZIONE"
.PP
The
\fBchpasswd\fR
command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users\&. Each line is of the format:
.PP
\fIuser_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR
.PP
By default the passwords must be supplied in clear\-text, and are encrypted by
\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Also the password age will be updated, if present\&.
.PP
The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the
\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR
or
\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR
variables of
/etc/login\&.defs, and can be overwritten with the
\fB\-e\fR,
\fB\-m\fR, or
\fB\-c\fR
options\&.
.PP
\fBchpasswd\fR
first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to disk if no errors occurred for any user\&.
.PP
Questo comando \(`e appositamente pensato per grossi sistemi in cui si abbia la necessit\(`a di creare molti account nello stesso momento\&.
.SH "OPZIONI"
.PP
The options which apply to the
\fBchpasswd\fR
command are:
.PP
\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETHOD\fR
.RS 4
Utilizza il metodo specificato per cifrare le password\&.
.sp
I metodi disponibili sono DES, MD5, NONE e SHA256 o SHA512 se la propria libc lo consente\&.
.sp
By default (if none of the
\fB\-c\fR,
\fB\-m\fR, or
\fB\-e\fR
options are specified), the encryption method is defined by the
\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR
or
\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR
variables of
/etc/login\&.defs\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-encrypted\fR
.RS 4
Le password fornite sono in forma cifrata\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
.RS 4
Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-md5\fR
.RS 4
Usa la cifratura MD5 anzich\('e DES quando le password fornite non sono cifrate\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes in the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory and use the configuration files from the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory\&. Only absolute paths are supported\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fIROUNDS\fR
.RS 4
Usa il numero specificato di cicli per cifrare la password\&.
.sp
Il valore 0 indica che il sistema utilizzer\(`a il numero predefinito di cicli per il metodo crypt (5000)\&.
.sp
I valori minimo di 1\&.000 e massimo di 999\&.999\&.999 sono forzati\&.
.sp
Si pu\(`o utilizzare questa opzione solo con i metodi di cifratura SHA256 o SHA512\&.
.sp
By default, the number of rounds is defined by the
\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR
and
\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR
variables in
/etc/login\&.defs\&.
.RE
.SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT"
.PP
Ricordarsi di impostare i permessi o umask in modo da prevenire la lettura in chiaro da parte di altri utenti\&.
.SH "CONFIGURAZIONE"
.PP
The following configuration variables in
/etc/login\&.defs
change the behavior of this tool:

.SH "FILE"
.PP
/etc/passwd
.RS 4
Informazioni sugli account utente\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/shadow
.RS 4
Informazioni sicure sugli account utente\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/login\&.defs
.RS 4
Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow
.RE
.SH "VEDERE ANCHE"
.PP
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
\fBnewusers\fR(8),
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&.