path: root/man/it/man8/newusers.8

'\" t
.\"     Title: newusers
.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 08/11/2022
.\"    Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema
.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
.\"  Language: Italian
.\"
.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "08/11/2022" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "Comandi per la gestione del si"
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.SH "NOME"
newusers \- aggiorna e crea nuovi utenti in blocco
.SH "SINOSSI"
.HP \w'\fBnewusers\fR\ 'u
\fBnewusers\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] [\fIfile\fR]
.SH "DESCRIZIONE"
.PP
The
\fBnewusers\fR
command reads a
\fIfile\fR
(or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users\&. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see
\fBpasswd\fR(5)) with the exceptions explained below:
.PP
pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell
.PP
\fIpw_name\fR
.RS 4
Il nome dell\*(Aqutente\&.
.sp
It can be the name of a new user or the name of an existing user (or a user created before by
\fBnewusers\fR)\&. In case of an existing user, the user\*(Aqs information will be changed, otherwise a new user will be created\&.
.RE
.PP
\fIpw_passwd\fR
.RS 4
Questo campo verr\(`a cifrato e utilizzato come nuovo valore per la password cifrata\&.
.RE
.PP
\fIpw_uid\fR
.RS 4
Definisce l\*(AqUID dell\*(Aqutente\&.
.sp
If the field is empty, a new (unused) UID will be defined automatically by
\fBnewusers\fR\&.
.sp
Se questo campo contiene un numero, verr\(`a utilizzato come UID\&.
.sp
If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user created before by
\fBnewusers\fR), the UID of the specified user will be used\&.
.sp
Se viene cambiato l\*(AqUID di un utente esistente, la propriet\(`a dei file di propriet\(`a dell\*(Aqutente stesso andr\(`a cambiata manualmente\&.
.RE
.PP
\fIpw_gid\fR
.RS 4
Definisce il l\*(AqID del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente\&.
.sp
If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by
\fBnewusers\fR), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user\&.
.sp
Se questo campo \(`e numerico, questo numero verr\(`a utilizzato come ID del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente\&. Se non esiste nessun gruppo con quel GID, ne viene creato uno con il nome dell\*(Aqutente e il GID specificato\&.
.sp
If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by
\fBnewusers\fR
to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group\&.
.sp
If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by
\fBnewusers\fR), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by
\fBnewusers\fR
to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group\&.
.RE
.PP
\fIpw_gecos\fR
.RS 4
Questo campo viene copiato nel campo GECOS dell\*(Aqutente\&.
.RE
.PP
\fIpw_dir\fR
.RS 4
Questo campo \(`e utilizzato per impostare la directory home dell\*(Aqutente\&.
.sp
If this field does not specify an existing directory, the specified directory is created, with ownership set to the user being created or updated and its primary group\&. Note that
\fInewusers does not create parent directories \fR
of the new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The newusers command will fail to create the home directory if the parent directories do not exist, and will send a message to stderr informing the user of the failure\&. The newusers command will not halt or return a failure to the calling shell if it fails to create the home directory, it will continue to process the batch of new users specified\&.
.sp
If the home directory of an existing user is changed,
\fBnewusers\fR
does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location\&. This should be done manually\&.
.RE
.PP
\fIpw_shell\fR
.RS 4
Questo campo definisce la shell dell\*(Aqutente\&. Su questo campo non viene fatto nessun controllo\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBnewusers\fR
first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases\&. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases\&.
.PP
Questo comando \(`e appositamente pensato per grossi sistemi nei quali molti account sono aggiornati allo stesso tempo\&.
.SH "OPZIONI"
.PP
The options which apply to the
\fBnewusers\fR
command are:
.PP
\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \&
.RS 4
Allow names that do not conform to standards\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR
.RS 4
Utilizza il metodo specificato per cifrare le password\&.
.sp
I metodi disponibili sono DES, MD5, NONE e SHA256 o SHA512 se la propria libc lo consente\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
.RS 4
Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-system\fR
.RS 4
Crea un account di sistema\&.
.sp
System users will be created with no aging information in
/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the
\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR
range, defined in
login\&.defs, instead of
\fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR
(and their
\fBGID\fR
counterparts for the creation of groups)\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes in the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory and use the configuration files from the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory\&. Only absolute paths are supported\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR
.RS 4
Usa il numero specificato di cicli per cifrare la password\&.
.sp
Il valore 0 indica che il sistema utilizzer\(`a il numero predefinito di cicli per il metodo crypt (5000)\&.
.sp
I valori minimo di 1\&.000 e massimo di 999\&.999\&.999 sono forzati\&.
.sp
Si pu\(`o utilizzare questa opzione solo con i metodi di cifratura SHA256 o SHA512\&.
.sp
By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in
/etc/login\&.defs\&.
.RE
.SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT"
.PP
Il file di input deve essere protetto poich\('e contiene password non cifrate\&.
.PP
Ci si deve accertare che le password e il metodo di cifratura rispettino le norme delle password del sistema\&.
.SH "CONFIGURAZIONE"
.PP
The following configuration variables in
/etc/login\&.defs
change the behavior of this tool:





.SH "FILE"
.PP
/etc/passwd
.RS 4
Informazioni sugli account utente\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/shadow
.RS 4
Informazioni sicure sugli account utente\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/group
.RS 4
Informazioni sugli account di gruppo\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/gshadow
.RS 4
Informazioni sicure sugli account di gruppo\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/login\&.defs
.RS 4
Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow
.RE
.PP
/etc/subgid
.RS 4
Per user subordinate group IDs\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/subuid
.RS 4
Per user subordinate user IDs\&.
.RE
.SH "VEDERE ANCHE"
.PP
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),
\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&.