1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 1997 , Marek Michałkiewicz
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2001 - 2006, Tomasz Kłoczko
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2007 - 2011, Nicolas François
SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY USE_TCB SYSTEM "login.defs.d/USE_TCB.xml">
<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->
]>
<refentry id='vipw.8'>
<!-- $Id$ -->
<refentryinfo>
<author>
<firstname>Marek</firstname>
<surname>Michałkiewicz</surname>
<contrib>Creation, 1997</contrib>
</author>
<author>
<firstname>Thomas</firstname>
<surname>Kłoczko</surname>
<email>kloczek@pld.org.pl</email>
<contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2000 - 2007</contrib>
</author>
<author>
<firstname>Nicolas</firstname>
<surname>François</surname>
<email>nicolas.francois@centraliens.net</email>
<contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now</contrib>
</author>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>vipw</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">System Management Commands</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="source">shadow-utils</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="version">&SHADOW_UTILS_VERSION;</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv id='name'>
<refname>vipw</refname>
<refname>vigr</refname>
<refpurpose>
edit the password, group, shadow-password or shadow-group file
</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>vipw</command>
<arg choice='opt'>
<replaceable>options</replaceable>
</arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>vigr</command>
<arg choice='opt'>
<replaceable>options</replaceable>
</arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1 id='description'>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para>
The <command>vipw</command> and <command>vigr</command> commands edits
the files <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
<filename>/etc/group</filename>, respectively. With the
<option>-s</option> flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those
files, <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> and
<filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>, respectively. The programs will set
the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption. When looking for an
editor, the programs will first try the environment variable
<envar>$VISUAL</envar>, then the environment variable
<envar>$EDITOR</envar>, and finally the default editor,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='options'>
<title>OPTIONS</title>
<para>
The options which apply to the <command>vipw</command> and
<command>vigr</command> commands are:
</para>
<variablelist remap='IP'>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Edit group database.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Display help message and exit.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Edit passwd database.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Quiet mode.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>
directory and use the configuration files from the
<replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory.
Only absolute paths are supported.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Edit shadow or gshadow database.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry condition="tcb">
<term><option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='configuration' condition="tcb">
<title>CONFIGURATION</title>
<para>
The following configuration variables in
<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> change the behavior of this
tool:
</para>
<variablelist>
&USE_TCB;
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='environment'>
<title>ENVIRONMENT</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>VISUAL</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Editor to be used.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>EDITOR</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Editor to be used if <option>VISUAL</option> is not set.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='files'>
<title>FILES</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/group</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Group account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/gshadow</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Secure group account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>User account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/shadow</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Secure user account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='see_also'>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>gshadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>
<citerefentry condition="tcb">
<refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry condition="tcb">
<refentrytitle>tcb</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>.
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
|
