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+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
+<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
+
+<refentry id="systemd-cgtop"
+ xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
+
+ <refentryinfo>
+ <title>systemd-cgtop</title>
+ <productname>systemd</productname>
+ </refentryinfo>
+
+ <refmeta>
+ <refentrytitle>systemd-cgtop</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
+ </refmeta>
+
+ <refnamediv>
+ <refname>systemd-cgtop</refname>
+ <refpurpose>Show top control groups by their resource usage</refpurpose>
+ </refnamediv>
+
+ <refsynopsisdiv>
+ <cmdsynopsis>
+ <command>systemd-cgtop</command>
+ <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">GROUP</arg>
+ </cmdsynopsis>
+ </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Description</title>
+
+ <para><command>systemd-cgtop</command> shows the top control
+ groups of the local Linux control group hierarchy, ordered by
+ their CPU, memory, or disk I/O load. The display is refreshed in
+ regular intervals (by default every 1s), similar in style to
+ <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>top</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
+ If a control group path is specified, shows only the services of
+ the specified control group.</para>
+
+ <para>If <command>systemd-cgtop</command> is not connected to a
+ tty, no column headers are printed and the default is to only run
+ one iteration. The <option>--iterations=</option> argument, if
+ given, is honored. This mode is suitable for scripting.</para>
+
+ <para>Resource usage is only accounted for control groups with the appropriate controllers turned on:
+ <literal>cpu</literal> controller for CPU usage, <literal>memory</literal> controller for memory usage,
+ and <literal>io</literal> controller for disk I/O consumption. If resource monitoring for these resources
+ is required, it is recommended to add the <varname>CPUAccounting=1</varname>,
+ <varname>MemoryAccounting=1</varname> and <varname>IOAccounting=1</varname> settings in the unit files in
+ question. See
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ for details.</para>
+
+ <para>The CPU load value can be between 0 and 100 times the number of
+ processors the system has. For example, if the system has 8 processors,
+ the CPU load value is going to be between 0% and 800%. The number of
+ processors can be found in <literal>/proc/cpuinfo</literal>.</para>
+
+ <para>To emphasize: unless <literal>CPUAccounting=1</literal>, <literal>MemoryAccounting=1</literal>, and
+ <literal>IOAccounting=1</literal> are enabled for the services in question, no resource accounting will
+ be available for system services and the data shown by <command>systemd-cgtop</command> will be
+ incomplete.</para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Options</title>
+
+ <para>The following options are understood:</para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-p</option></term>
+ <term><option>--order=path</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Order by control group
+ path name.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-t</option></term>
+ <term><option>--order=tasks</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Order by number of tasks/processes in the control group.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-c</option></term>
+ <term><option>--order=cpu</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Order by CPU load.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-m</option></term>
+ <term><option>--order=memory</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Order by memory usage.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-i</option></term>
+ <term><option>--order=io</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Order by disk I/O load.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-b</option></term>
+ <term><option>--batch</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Run in "batch" mode: do not accept input and
+ run until the iteration limit set with
+ <option>--iterations=</option> is exhausted or until killed.
+ This mode could be useful for sending output from
+ <command>systemd-cgtop</command> to other programs or to a
+ file.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-r</option></term>
+ <term><option>--raw</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Format byte counts (as in memory usage and I/O metrics) and CPU time
+ with raw numeric values rather than human-readable
+ numbers.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--cpu=percentage</option></term>
+ <term><option>--cpu=time</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Controls whether the CPU usage is shown as
+ percentage or time. By default, the CPU usage is shown as
+ percentage. This setting may also be toggled at runtime by
+ pressing the <keycap>%</keycap> key.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-P</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Count only userspace processes instead of all
+ tasks. By default, all tasks are counted: each kernel thread
+ and each userspace thread individually. With this setting,
+ kernel threads are excluded from the count and each userspace
+ process only counts as one task, regardless of how many
+ threads it consists of. This setting may also be toggled at
+ runtime by pressing the <keycap>P</keycap> key. This option
+ may not be combined with
+ <option>-k</option>.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-k</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Count only userspace processes and kernel
+ threads instead of all tasks. By default, all tasks are
+ counted: each kernel thread and each userspace thread
+ individually. With this setting, kernel threads are included in
+ the count and each userspace process only counts as one task,
+ regardless of how many threads it consists of. This setting may
+ also be toggled at runtime by pressing the <keycap>k</keycap>
+ key. This option may not be combined with
+ <option>-P</option>.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--recursive=</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Controls whether the number of processes shown
+ for a control group shall include all processes that are
+ contained in any of the child control groups as well. Takes a
+ boolean argument, which defaults to <literal>yes</literal>. If
+ enabled, the processes in child control groups are included, if
+ disabled, only the processes in the control group itself are
+ counted. This setting may also be toggled at runtime by
+ pressing the <keycap>r</keycap> key. Note that this setting
+ only applies to process counting, i.e. when the
+ <option>-P</option> or <option>-k</option> options are
+ used. It has not effect if all tasks are counted, in which
+ case the counting is always recursive.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-n</option></term>
+ <term><option>--iterations=</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Perform only this many iterations. A value of
+ 0 indicates that the program should run
+ indefinitely.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-1</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>A shortcut for <option>--iterations=1</option>.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-d</option></term>
+ <term><option>--delay=</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Specify refresh delay in seconds (or if one of
+ <literal>ms</literal>, <literal>us</literal>,
+ <literal>min</literal> is specified as unit in this time
+ unit). This setting may also be increased and decreased at
+ runtime by pressing the <keycap>+</keycap> and
+ <keycap>-</keycap> keys.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--depth=</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Maximum control group tree traversal depth.
+ Specifies how deep <command>systemd-cgtop</command> shall
+ traverse the control group hierarchies. If 0 is specified,
+ only the root group is monitored. For 1, only the first level
+ of control groups is monitored, and so on. Defaults to
+ 3.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-M <replaceable>MACHINE</replaceable></option></term>
+ <term><option>--machine=<replaceable>MACHINE</replaceable></option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Limit control groups shown to the part
+ corresponding to the container
+ <replaceable>MACHINE</replaceable>.
+ This option may not be used when a control group path is specified.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
+ <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
+ </variablelist>
+
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Keys</title>
+
+ <para><command>systemd-cgtop</command> is an interactive tool and
+ may be controlled via user input using the following keys:</para>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap>h</keycap></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Shows a short help text.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap function="space"/></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Immediately refresh output.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap>q</keycap></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Terminate the program.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap>p</keycap></term>
+ <term><keycap>t</keycap></term>
+ <term><keycap>c</keycap></term>
+ <term><keycap>m</keycap></term>
+ <term><keycap>i</keycap></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Sort the control groups by path, number of
+ tasks, CPU load, memory usage, or I/O load, respectively. This
+ setting may also be controlled using the
+ <option>--order=</option> command line
+ switch.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap>%</keycap></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Toggle between showing CPU time as time or
+ percentage. This setting may also be controlled using the
+ <option>--cpu=</option> command line switch.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap>+</keycap></term>
+ <term><keycap>-</keycap></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Increase or decrease refresh delay,
+ respectively. This setting may also be controlled using the
+ <option>--delay=</option> command line
+ switch.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap>P</keycap></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Toggle between counting all tasks, or only
+ userspace processes. This setting may also be controlled using
+ the <option>-P</option> command line switch (see
+ above).</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap>k</keycap></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Toggle between counting all tasks, or only
+ userspace processes and kernel threads. This setting may also
+ be controlled using the <option>-k</option> command line
+ switch (see above).</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><keycap>r</keycap></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Toggle between recursively including or
+ excluding processes in child control groups in control group
+ process counts. This setting may also be controlled using the
+ <option>--recursive=</option> command line switch. This key is
+ not available if all tasks are counted, it is only available
+ if processes are counted, as enabled with the
+ <keycap>P</keycap> or <keycap>k</keycap>
+ keys.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Exit status</title>
+
+ <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code
+ otherwise.</para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>See Also</title>
+ <para>
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cgls</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>top</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+</refentry>