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-rw-r--r--src/core/manager.c4676
1 files changed, 4676 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/core/manager.c b/src/core/manager.c
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index 0000000..7446444
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/manager.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4676 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/kd.h>
+#include <sys/epoll.h>
+#include <sys/inotify.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/reboot.h>
+#include <sys/timerfd.h>
+#include <sys/utsname.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#if HAVE_AUDIT
+#include <libaudit.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "sd-daemon.h"
+#include "sd-messages.h"
+#include "sd-path.h"
+
+#include "all-units.h"
+#include "alloc-util.h"
+#include "audit-fd.h"
+#include "boot-timestamps.h"
+#include "bus-common-errors.h"
+#include "bus-error.h"
+#include "bus-kernel.h"
+#include "bus-util.h"
+#include "clean-ipc.h"
+#include "clock-util.h"
+#include "core-varlink.h"
+#include "creds-util.h"
+#include "dbus-job.h"
+#include "dbus-manager.h"
+#include "dbus-unit.h"
+#include "dbus.h"
+#include "def.h"
+#include "dirent-util.h"
+#include "env-util.h"
+#include "escape.h"
+#include "event-util.h"
+#include "exec-util.h"
+#include "execute.h"
+#include "exit-status.h"
+#include "fd-util.h"
+#include "fileio.h"
+#include "generator-setup.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+#include "inotify-util.h"
+#include "install.h"
+#include "io-util.h"
+#include "label.h"
+#include "load-fragment.h"
+#include "locale-setup.h"
+#include "log.h"
+#include "macro.h"
+#include "manager.h"
+#include "manager-dump.h"
+#include "manager-serialize.h"
+#include "memory-util.h"
+#include "mkdir-label.h"
+#include "os-util.h"
+#include "parse-util.h"
+#include "path-lookup.h"
+#include "path-util.h"
+#include "pretty-print.h"
+#include "process-util.h"
+#include "ratelimit.h"
+#include "rlimit-util.h"
+#include "rm-rf.h"
+#include "selinux-util.h"
+#include "signal-util.h"
+#include "socket-util.h"
+#include "special.h"
+#include "stat-util.h"
+#include "string-table.h"
+#include "string-util.h"
+#include "strv.h"
+#include "strxcpyx.h"
+#include "sysctl-util.h"
+#include "syslog-util.h"
+#include "terminal-util.h"
+#include "time-util.h"
+#include "transaction.h"
+#include "uid-range.h"
+#include "umask-util.h"
+#include "unit-name.h"
+#include "user-util.h"
+#include "virt.h"
+#include "watchdog.h"
+
+#define NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE (8*1024*1024)
+#define CGROUPS_AGENT_RCVBUF_SIZE (8*1024*1024)
+
+/* Initial delay and the interval for printing status messages about running jobs */
+#define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC (2*USEC_PER_SEC)
+#define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_QUIET_WAIT_USEC (25*USEC_PER_SEC)
+#define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_USEC (USEC_PER_SEC / 3)
+#define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_DIVISOR 3
+
+/* If there are more than 1K bus messages queue across our API and direct buses, then let's not add more on top until
+ * the queue gets more empty. */
+#define MANAGER_BUS_BUSY_THRESHOLD 1024LU
+
+/* How many units and jobs to process of the bus queue before returning to the event loop. */
+#define MANAGER_BUS_MESSAGE_BUDGET 100U
+
+static int manager_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_signal_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_time_change_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress(sd_event_source *source, usec_t usec, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_run_queue(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata);
+static int manager_dispatch_timezone_change(sd_event_source *source, const struct inotify_event *event, void *userdata);
+static int manager_run_environment_generators(Manager *m);
+static int manager_run_generators(Manager *m);
+static void manager_vacuum(Manager *m);
+
+static usec_t manager_watch_jobs_next_time(Manager *m) {
+ usec_t timeout;
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ /* Let the user manager without a timeout show status quickly, so the system manager can make
+ * use of it, if it wants to. */
+ timeout = JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC * 2 / 3;
+ else if (show_status_on(m->show_status))
+ /* When status is on, just use the usual timeout. */
+ timeout = JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC;
+ else
+ timeout = JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_QUIET_WAIT_USEC;
+
+ return usec_add(now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC), timeout);
+}
+
+static void manager_watch_jobs_in_progress(Manager *m) {
+ usec_t next;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* We do not want to show the cylon animation if the user
+ * needs to confirm service executions otherwise confirmation
+ * messages will be screwed by the cylon animation. */
+ if (!manager_is_confirm_spawn_disabled(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (m->jobs_in_progress_event_source)
+ return;
+
+ next = manager_watch_jobs_next_time(m);
+ r = sd_event_add_time(
+ m->event,
+ &m->jobs_in_progress_event_source,
+ CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
+ next, 0,
+ manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return;
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source, "manager-jobs-in-progress");
+}
+
+static void manager_flip_auto_status(Manager *m, bool enable, const char *reason) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (enable) {
+ if (m->show_status == SHOW_STATUS_AUTO)
+ manager_set_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_TEMPORARY, reason);
+ } else {
+ if (m->show_status == SHOW_STATUS_TEMPORARY)
+ manager_set_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_AUTO, reason);
+ }
+}
+
+static void manager_print_jobs_in_progress(Manager *m) {
+ Job *j;
+ unsigned counter = 0, print_nr;
+ char cylon[6 + CYLON_BUFFER_EXTRA + 1];
+ unsigned cylon_pos;
+ uint64_t timeout = 0;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(m->n_running_jobs > 0);
+
+ manager_flip_auto_status(m, true, "delay");
+
+ print_nr = (m->jobs_in_progress_iteration / JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_DIVISOR) % m->n_running_jobs;
+
+ HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs)
+ if (j->state == JOB_RUNNING && counter++ == print_nr)
+ break;
+
+ /* m->n_running_jobs must be consistent with the contents of m->jobs,
+ * so the above loop must have succeeded in finding j. */
+ assert(counter == print_nr + 1);
+ assert(j);
+
+ cylon_pos = m->jobs_in_progress_iteration % 14;
+ if (cylon_pos >= 8)
+ cylon_pos = 14 - cylon_pos;
+ draw_cylon(cylon, sizeof(cylon), 6, cylon_pos);
+
+ m->jobs_in_progress_iteration++;
+
+ char job_of_n[STRLEN("( of ) ") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(unsigned)*2] = "";
+ if (m->n_running_jobs > 1)
+ xsprintf(job_of_n, "(%u of %u) ", counter, m->n_running_jobs);
+
+ (void) job_get_timeout(j, &timeout);
+
+ /* We want to use enough information for the user to identify previous lines talking about the same
+ * unit, but keep the message as short as possible. So if 'Starting foo.service' or 'Starting
+ * foo.service - Description' were used, 'foo.service' is enough here. On the other hand, if we used
+ * 'Starting Description' before, then we shall also use 'Description' here. So we pass NULL as the
+ * second argument to unit_status_string(). */
+ const char *ident = unit_status_string(j->unit, NULL);
+
+ const char *time = FORMAT_TIMESPAN(now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - j->begin_usec, 1*USEC_PER_SEC);
+ const char *limit = timeout > 0 ? FORMAT_TIMESPAN(timeout - j->begin_usec, 1*USEC_PER_SEC) : "no limit";
+
+ if (m->status_unit_format == STATUS_UNIT_FORMAT_DESCRIPTION)
+ /* When using 'Description', we effectively don't have enough space to show the nested status
+ * without ellipsization, so let's not even try. */
+ manager_status_printf(m, STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL, cylon,
+ "%sA %s job is running for %s (%s / %s)",
+ job_of_n,
+ job_type_to_string(j->type),
+ ident,
+ time, limit);
+ else {
+ const char *status_text = unit_status_text(j->unit);
+
+ manager_status_printf(m, STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL, cylon,
+ "%sJob %s/%s running (%s / %s)%s%s",
+ job_of_n,
+ ident,
+ job_type_to_string(j->type),
+ time, limit,
+ status_text ? ": " : "",
+ strempty(status_text));
+ }
+
+ sd_notifyf(false,
+ "STATUS=%sUser job %s/%s running (%s / %s)...",
+ job_of_n,
+ ident,
+ job_type_to_string(j->type),
+ time, limit);
+ m->status_ready = false;
+}
+
+static int have_ask_password(void) {
+ _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *dir = NULL;
+
+ dir = opendir("/run/systemd/ask-password");
+ if (!dir) {
+ if (errno == ENOENT)
+ return false;
+ else
+ return -errno;
+ }
+
+ FOREACH_DIRENT_ALL(de, dir, return -errno)
+ if (startswith(de->d_name, "ask."))
+ return true;
+ return false;
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd(sd_event_source *source,
+ int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+
+ (void) flush_fd(fd);
+
+ m->have_ask_password = have_ask_password();
+ if (m->have_ask_password < 0)
+ /* Log error but continue. Negative have_ask_password
+ * is treated as unknown status. */
+ log_error_errno(m->have_ask_password, "Failed to list /run/systemd/ask-password: %m");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void manager_close_ask_password(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ m->ask_password_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->ask_password_event_source);
+ m->ask_password_inotify_fd = safe_close(m->ask_password_inotify_fd);
+ m->have_ask_password = -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static int manager_check_ask_password(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (!m->ask_password_event_source) {
+ assert(m->ask_password_inotify_fd < 0);
+
+ (void) mkdir_p_label("/run/systemd/ask-password", 0755);
+
+ m->ask_password_inotify_fd = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK|IN_CLOEXEC);
+ if (m->ask_password_inotify_fd < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inotify object: %m");
+
+ r = inotify_add_watch_and_warn(m->ask_password_inotify_fd,
+ "/run/systemd/ask-password",
+ IN_CREATE|IN_DELETE|IN_MOVE);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ manager_close_ask_password(m);
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->ask_password_event_source,
+ m->ask_password_inotify_fd, EPOLLIN,
+ manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd, m);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add event source for /run/systemd/ask-password: %m");
+ manager_close_ask_password(m);
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->ask_password_event_source, "manager-ask-password");
+
+ /* Queries might have been added meanwhile... */
+ manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd(m->ask_password_event_source,
+ m->ask_password_inotify_fd, EPOLLIN, m);
+ }
+
+ return m->have_ask_password;
+}
+
+static int manager_watch_idle_pipe(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (m->idle_pipe_event_source)
+ return 0;
+
+ if (m->idle_pipe[2] < 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->idle_pipe_event_source, m->idle_pipe[2], EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to watch idle pipe: %m");
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->idle_pipe_event_source, "manager-idle-pipe");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void manager_close_idle_pipe(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ m->idle_pipe_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->idle_pipe_event_source);
+
+ safe_close_pair(m->idle_pipe);
+ safe_close_pair(m->idle_pipe + 2);
+}
+
+static int manager_setup_time_change(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return 0;
+
+ m->time_change_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->time_change_event_source);
+
+ r = event_add_time_change(m->event, &m->time_change_event_source, manager_dispatch_time_change_fd, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create time change event source: %m");
+
+ /* Schedule this slightly earlier than the .timer event sources */
+ r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->time_change_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-1);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of time change event sources: %m");
+
+ log_debug("Set up TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET timerfd.");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_read_timezone_stat(Manager *m) {
+ struct stat st;
+ bool changed;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Read the current stat() data of /etc/localtime so that we detect changes */
+ if (lstat("/etc/localtime", &st) < 0) {
+ log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to stat /etc/localtime, ignoring: %m");
+ changed = m->etc_localtime_accessible;
+ m->etc_localtime_accessible = false;
+ } else {
+ usec_t k;
+
+ k = timespec_load(&st.st_mtim);
+ changed = !m->etc_localtime_accessible || k != m->etc_localtime_mtime;
+
+ m->etc_localtime_mtime = k;
+ m->etc_localtime_accessible = true;
+ }
+
+ return changed;
+}
+
+static int manager_setup_timezone_change(Manager *m) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *new_event = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return 0;
+
+ /* We watch /etc/localtime for three events: change of the link count (which might mean removal from /etc even
+ * though another link might be kept), renames, and file close operations after writing. Note we don't bother
+ * with IN_DELETE_SELF, as that would just report when the inode is removed entirely, i.e. after the link count
+ * went to zero and all fds to it are closed.
+ *
+ * Note that we never follow symlinks here. This is a simplification, but should cover almost all cases
+ * correctly.
+ *
+ * Note that we create the new event source first here, before releasing the old one. This should optimize
+ * behaviour as this way sd-event can reuse the old watch in case the inode didn't change. */
+
+ r = sd_event_add_inotify(m->event, &new_event, "/etc/localtime",
+ IN_ATTRIB|IN_MOVE_SELF|IN_CLOSE_WRITE|IN_DONT_FOLLOW, manager_dispatch_timezone_change, m);
+ if (r == -ENOENT) {
+ /* If the file doesn't exist yet, subscribe to /etc instead, and wait until it is created either by
+ * O_CREATE or by rename() */
+
+ log_debug_errno(r, "/etc/localtime doesn't exist yet, watching /etc instead.");
+ r = sd_event_add_inotify(m->event, &new_event, "/etc",
+ IN_CREATE|IN_MOVED_TO|IN_ONLYDIR, manager_dispatch_timezone_change, m);
+ }
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create timezone change event source: %m");
+
+ /* Schedule this slightly earlier than the .timer event sources */
+ r = sd_event_source_set_priority(new_event, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-1);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of timezone change event sources: %m");
+
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->timezone_change_event_source);
+ m->timezone_change_event_source = TAKE_PTR(new_event);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
+ _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del. In containers
+ * this will fail with EPERM (older) or EINVAL (newer), so
+ * ignore that. */
+ if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0 && !IN_SET(errno, EPERM, EINVAL))
+ log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
+
+ fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ /* Support systems without virtual console */
+ if (fd != -ENOENT)
+ log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
+ } else {
+ /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
+ if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %m");
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#define RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(signum) (signum <= SIGRTMAX ? signum : -1)
+
+static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
+ struct sigaction sa = {
+ .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
+ .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
+ };
+ sigset_t mask;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
+
+ /* We make liberal use of realtime signals here. On
+ * Linux/glibc we have 30 of them (with the exception of Linux
+ * on hppa, see below), between SIGRTMIN+0 ... SIGRTMIN+30
+ * (aka SIGRTMAX). */
+
+ assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
+ sigset_add_many(&mask,
+ SIGCHLD, /* Child died */
+ SIGTERM, /* Reexecute daemon */
+ SIGHUP, /* Reload configuration */
+ SIGUSR1, /* systemd: reconnect to D-Bus */
+ SIGUSR2, /* systemd: dump status */
+ SIGINT, /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
+ SIGWINCH, /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
+ SIGPWR, /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
+
+ SIGRTMIN+0, /* systemd: start default.target */
+ SIGRTMIN+1, /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
+ SIGRTMIN+2, /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
+ SIGRTMIN+3, /* systemd: start halt.target */
+ SIGRTMIN+4, /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
+ SIGRTMIN+5, /* systemd: start reboot.target */
+ SIGRTMIN+6, /* systemd: start kexec.target */
+
+ /* ... space for more special targets ... */
+
+ SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
+ SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
+ SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
+ SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
+
+ /* ... space for more immediate system state changes ... */
+
+ SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
+ SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
+ SIGRTMIN+22, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_DEBUG */
+ SIGRTMIN+23, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_INFO */
+ SIGRTMIN+24, /* systemd: Immediate exit (--user only) */
+ SIGRTMIN+25, /* systemd: reexecute manager */
+
+ /* Apparently Linux on hppa had fewer RT signals until v3.18,
+ * SIGRTMAX was SIGRTMIN+25, and then SIGRTMIN was lowered,
+ * see commit v3.17-7614-g1f25df2eff.
+ *
+ * We cannot unconditionally make use of those signals here,
+ * so let's use a runtime check. Since these commands are
+ * accessible by different means and only really a safety
+ * net, the missing functionality on hppa shouldn't matter.
+ */
+
+ RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(SIGRTMIN+26), /* systemd: set log target to journal-or-kmsg */
+ RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(SIGRTMIN+27), /* systemd: set log target to console */
+ RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(SIGRTMIN+28), /* systemd: set log target to kmsg */
+ RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(SIGRTMIN+29), /* systemd: set log target to syslog-or-kmsg (obsolete) */
+
+ /* ... one free signal here SIGRTMIN+30 ... */
+ -1);
+ assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
+
+ m->signal_fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC);
+ if (m->signal_fd < 0)
+ return -errno;
+
+ r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->signal_event_source, m->signal_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_signal_fd, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->signal_event_source, "manager-signal");
+
+ /* Process signals a bit earlier than the rest of things, but later than notify_fd processing, so that the
+ * notify processing can still figure out to which process/service a message belongs, before we reap the
+ * process. Also, process this before handling cgroup notifications, so that we always collect child exit
+ * status information before detecting that there's no process in a cgroup. */
+ r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->signal_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-6);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ return enable_special_signals(m);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static char** sanitize_environment(char **l) {
+
+ /* Let's remove some environment variables that we need ourselves to communicate with our clients */
+ strv_env_unset_many(
+ l,
+ "CACHE_DIRECTORY",
+ "CONFIGURATION_DIRECTORY",
+ "CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY",
+ "EXIT_CODE",
+ "EXIT_STATUS",
+ "INVOCATION_ID",
+ "JOURNAL_STREAM",
+ "LISTEN_FDNAMES",
+ "LISTEN_FDS",
+ "LISTEN_PID",
+ "LOGS_DIRECTORY",
+ "MAINPID",
+ "MANAGERPID",
+ "NOTIFY_SOCKET",
+ "PIDFILE",
+ "REMOTE_ADDR",
+ "REMOTE_PORT",
+ "RUNTIME_DIRECTORY",
+ "SERVICE_RESULT",
+ "STATE_DIRECTORY",
+ "WATCHDOG_PID",
+ "WATCHDOG_USEC",
+ NULL);
+
+ /* Let's order the environment alphabetically, just to make it pretty */
+ return strv_sort(l);
+}
+
+int manager_default_environment(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ m->transient_environment = strv_free(m->transient_environment);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
+ /* The system manager always starts with a clean
+ * environment for its children. It does not import
+ * the kernel's or the parents' exported variables.
+ *
+ * The initial passed environment is untouched to keep
+ * /proc/self/environ valid; it is used for tagging
+ * the init process inside containers. */
+ m->transient_environment = strv_new("PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH);
+ if (!m->transient_environment)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ /* Import locale variables LC_*= from configuration */
+ (void) locale_setup(&m->transient_environment);
+ } else {
+ /* The user manager passes its own environment along to its children, except for $PATH. */
+ m->transient_environment = strv_copy(environ);
+ if (!m->transient_environment)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = strv_env_replace_strdup(&m->transient_environment, "PATH=" DEFAULT_USER_PATH);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+ }
+
+ sanitize_environment(m->transient_environment);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_setup_prefix(Manager *m) {
+ struct table_entry {
+ uint64_t type;
+ const char *suffix;
+ };
+
+ static const struct table_entry paths_system[_EXEC_DIRECTORY_TYPE_MAX] = {
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_RUNTIME] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_RUNTIME, NULL },
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_STATE] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_PRIVATE, NULL },
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_CACHE] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_CACHE, NULL },
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_LOGS] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_LOGS, NULL },
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_CONFIGURATION] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION, NULL },
+ };
+
+ static const struct table_entry paths_user[_EXEC_DIRECTORY_TYPE_MAX] = {
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_RUNTIME] = { SD_PATH_USER_RUNTIME, NULL },
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_STATE] = { SD_PATH_USER_CONFIGURATION, NULL },
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_CACHE] = { SD_PATH_USER_STATE_CACHE, NULL },
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_LOGS] = { SD_PATH_USER_CONFIGURATION, "log" },
+ [EXEC_DIRECTORY_CONFIGURATION] = { SD_PATH_USER_CONFIGURATION, NULL },
+ };
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ const struct table_entry *p = MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) ? paths_system : paths_user;
+ int r;
+
+ for (ExecDirectoryType i = 0; i < _EXEC_DIRECTORY_TYPE_MAX; i++) {
+ r = sd_path_lookup(p[i].type, p[i].suffix, &m->prefix[i]);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to lookup %s path: %m",
+ exec_directory_type_to_string(i));
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void manager_free_unit_name_maps(Manager *m) {
+ m->unit_id_map = hashmap_free(m->unit_id_map);
+ m->unit_name_map = hashmap_free(m->unit_name_map);
+ m->unit_path_cache = set_free(m->unit_path_cache);
+ m->unit_cache_timestamp_hash = 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_setup_run_queue(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(!m->run_queue_event_source);
+
+ r = sd_event_add_defer(m->event, &m->run_queue_event_source, manager_dispatch_run_queue, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->run_queue_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_IDLE);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->run_queue_event_source, SD_EVENT_OFF);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->run_queue_event_source, "manager-run-queue");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_setup_sigchld_event_source(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(!m->sigchld_event_source);
+
+ r = sd_event_add_defer(m->event, &m->sigchld_event_source, manager_dispatch_sigchld, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-7);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_OFF);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->sigchld_event_source, "manager-sigchld");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_find_credentials_dirs(Manager *m) {
+ const char *e;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ r = get_credentials_dir(&e);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ if (r != -ENXIO)
+ log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine credentials directory, ignoring: %m");
+ } else {
+ m->received_credentials_directory = strdup(e);
+ if (!m->received_credentials_directory)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ r = get_encrypted_credentials_dir(&e);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ if (r != -ENXIO)
+ log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine encrypted credentials directory, ignoring: %m");
+ } else {
+ m->received_encrypted_credentials_directory = strdup(e);
+ if (!m->received_encrypted_credentials_directory)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void manager_set_switching_root(Manager *m, bool switching_root) {
+ m->switching_root = MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && switching_root;
+}
+
+int manager_new(LookupScope scope, ManagerTestRunFlags test_run_flags, Manager **_m) {
+ _cleanup_(manager_freep) Manager *m = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(_m);
+ assert(IN_SET(scope, LOOKUP_SCOPE_SYSTEM, LOOKUP_SCOPE_USER));
+
+ m = new(Manager, 1);
+ if (!m)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ *m = (Manager) {
+ .unit_file_scope = scope,
+ .objective = _MANAGER_OBJECTIVE_INVALID,
+
+ .status_unit_format = STATUS_UNIT_FORMAT_DEFAULT,
+
+ .default_timer_accuracy_usec = USEC_PER_MINUTE,
+ .default_memory_accounting = MEMORY_ACCOUNTING_DEFAULT,
+ .default_tasks_accounting = true,
+ .default_tasks_max = TASKS_MAX_UNSET,
+ .default_timeout_start_usec = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC,
+ .default_timeout_stop_usec = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC,
+ .default_restart_usec = DEFAULT_RESTART_USEC,
+ .default_device_timeout_usec = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC,
+
+ .original_log_level = -1,
+ .original_log_target = _LOG_TARGET_INVALID,
+
+ .watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_RUNTIME] = USEC_INFINITY,
+ .watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_REBOOT] = USEC_INFINITY,
+ .watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_KEXEC] = USEC_INFINITY,
+ .watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_PRETIMEOUT] = USEC_INFINITY,
+
+ .show_status_overridden = _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID,
+
+ .notify_fd = -1,
+ .cgroups_agent_fd = -1,
+ .signal_fd = -1,
+ .user_lookup_fds = { -1, -1 },
+ .private_listen_fd = -1,
+ .dev_autofs_fd = -1,
+ .cgroup_inotify_fd = -1,
+ .pin_cgroupfs_fd = -1,
+ .ask_password_inotify_fd = -1,
+ .idle_pipe = { -1, -1, -1, -1},
+
+ /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
+ .current_job_id = 1,
+
+ .have_ask_password = -EINVAL, /* we don't know */
+ .first_boot = -1,
+ .test_run_flags = test_run_flags,
+
+ .default_oom_policy = OOM_STOP,
+
+ .dump_ratelimit = {
+ .interval = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE,
+ .burst = 10,
+ },
+ };
+
+#if ENABLE_EFI
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && detect_container() <= 0)
+ boot_timestamps(m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE,
+ m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE,
+ m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER);
+#endif
+
+ /* Prepare log fields we can use for structured logging */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
+ m->unit_log_field = "UNIT=";
+ m->unit_log_format_string = "UNIT=%s";
+
+ m->invocation_log_field = "INVOCATION_ID=";
+ m->invocation_log_format_string = "INVOCATION_ID=%s";
+ } else {
+ m->unit_log_field = "USER_UNIT=";
+ m->unit_log_format_string = "USER_UNIT=%s";
+
+ m->invocation_log_field = "USER_INVOCATION_ID=";
+ m->invocation_log_format_string = "USER_INVOCATION_ID=%s";
+ }
+
+ /* Reboot immediately if the user hits C-A-D more often than 7x per 2s */
+ m->ctrl_alt_del_ratelimit = (RateLimit) { .interval = 2 * USEC_PER_SEC, .burst = 7 };
+
+ r = manager_default_environment(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->units, &string_hash_ops);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->cgroup_unit, &path_hash_ops);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->watch_bus, &string_hash_ops);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = prioq_ensure_allocated(&m->run_queue, compare_job_priority);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = manager_setup_prefix(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = manager_find_credentials_dirs(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_event_default(&m->event);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = manager_setup_run_queue(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (FLAGS_SET(test_run_flags, MANAGER_TEST_RUN_MINIMAL)) {
+ m->cgroup_root = strdup("");
+ if (!m->cgroup_root)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ } else {
+ r = manager_setup_signals(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = manager_setup_cgroup(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = manager_setup_time_change(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = manager_read_timezone_stat(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ (void) manager_setup_timezone_change(m);
+
+ r = manager_setup_sigchld_event_source(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+#if HAVE_LIBBPF
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && lsm_bpf_supported(/* initialize = */ true)) {
+ r = lsm_bpf_setup(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to setup LSM BPF, ignoring: %m");
+ }
+#endif
+ }
+
+ if (test_run_flags == 0) {
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ r = mkdir_label("/run/systemd/units", 0755);
+ else {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *units_path = NULL;
+ r = xdg_user_runtime_dir(&units_path, "/systemd/units");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ r = mkdir_p_label(units_path, 0755);
+ }
+
+ if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ m->taint_usr =
+ !in_initrd() &&
+ dir_is_empty("/usr", /* ignore_hidden_or_backup= */ false) > 0;
+
+ /* Note that we do not set up the notify fd here. We do that after deserialization,
+ * since they might have gotten serialized across the reexec. */
+
+ *_m = TAKE_PTR(m);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return 0;
+
+ if (m->notify_fd < 0) {
+ _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
+ union sockaddr_union sa;
+ socklen_t sa_len;
+
+ /* First free all secondary fields */
+ m->notify_socket = mfree(m->notify_socket);
+ m->notify_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->notify_event_source);
+
+ fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
+ if (fd < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
+
+ fd_increase_rxbuf(fd, NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE);
+
+ m->notify_socket = path_join(m->prefix[EXEC_DIRECTORY_RUNTIME], "systemd/notify");
+ if (!m->notify_socket)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = sockaddr_un_set_path(&sa.un, m->notify_socket);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Notify socket '%s' not valid for AF_UNIX socket address, refusing.",
+ m->notify_socket);
+ sa_len = r;
+
+ (void) mkdir_parents_label(m->notify_socket, 0755);
+ (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
+
+ r = mac_selinux_bind(fd, &sa.sa, sa_len);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "bind(%s) failed: %m", m->notify_socket);
+
+ r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, true);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
+
+ m->notify_fd = TAKE_FD(fd);
+
+ log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
+ }
+
+ if (!m->notify_event_source) {
+ r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->notify_event_source, m->notify_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_notify_fd, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
+
+ /* Process notification messages a bit earlier than SIGCHLD, so that we can still identify to which
+ * service an exit message belongs. */
+ r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->notify_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-8);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of notify event source: %m");
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->notify_event_source, "manager-notify");
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_setup_cgroups_agent(Manager *m) {
+
+ static const union sockaddr_union sa = {
+ .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
+ .un.sun_path = "/run/systemd/cgroups-agent",
+ };
+ int r;
+
+ /* This creates a listening socket we receive cgroups agent messages on. We do not use D-Bus for delivering
+ * these messages from the cgroups agent binary to PID 1, as the cgroups agent binary is very short-living, and
+ * each instance of it needs a new D-Bus connection. Since D-Bus connections are SOCK_STREAM/AF_UNIX, on
+ * overloaded systems the backlog of the D-Bus socket becomes relevant, as not more than the configured number
+ * of D-Bus connections may be queued until the kernel will start dropping further incoming connections,
+ * possibly resulting in lost cgroups agent messages. To avoid this, we'll use a private SOCK_DGRAM/AF_UNIX
+ * socket, where no backlog is relevant as communication may take place without an actual connect() cycle, and
+ * we thus won't lose messages.
+ *
+ * Note that PID 1 will forward the agent message to system bus, so that the user systemd instance may listen
+ * to it. The system instance hence listens on this special socket, but the user instances listen on the system
+ * bus for these messages. */
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return 0;
+
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ return 0;
+
+ r = cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
+ if (r > 0) /* We don't need this anymore on the unified hierarchy */
+ return 0;
+
+ if (m->cgroups_agent_fd < 0) {
+ _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
+
+ /* First free all secondary fields */
+ m->cgroups_agent_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->cgroups_agent_event_source);
+
+ fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
+ if (fd < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate cgroups agent socket: %m");
+
+ fd_increase_rxbuf(fd, CGROUPS_AGENT_RCVBUF_SIZE);
+
+ (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
+
+ /* Only allow root to connect to this socket */
+ RUN_WITH_UMASK(0077)
+ r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(%s) failed: %m", sa.un.sun_path);
+
+ m->cgroups_agent_fd = TAKE_FD(fd);
+ }
+
+ if (!m->cgroups_agent_event_source) {
+ r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->cgroups_agent_event_source, m->cgroups_agent_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate cgroups agent event source: %m");
+
+ /* Process cgroups notifications early. Note that when the agent notification is received
+ * we'll just enqueue the unit in the cgroup empty queue, hence pick a high priority than
+ * that. Also see handling of cgroup inotify for the unified cgroup stuff. */
+ r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->cgroups_agent_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-9);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of cgroups agent event source: %m");
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->cgroups_agent_event_source, "manager-cgroups-agent");
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Set up the socket pair used for passing UID/GID resolution results from forked off processes to PID
+ * 1. Background: we can't do name lookups (NSS) from PID 1, since it might involve IPC and thus activation,
+ * and we might hence deadlock on ourselves. Hence we do all user/group lookups asynchronously from the forked
+ * off processes right before executing the binaries to start. In order to be able to clean up any IPC objects
+ * created by a unit (see RemoveIPC=) we need to know in PID 1 the used UID/GID of the executed processes,
+ * hence we establish this communication channel so that forked off processes can pass their UID/GID
+ * information back to PID 1. The forked off processes send their resolved UID/GID to PID 1 in a simple
+ * datagram, along with their unit name, so that we can share one communication socket pair among all units for
+ * this purpose.
+ *
+ * You might wonder why we need a communication channel for this that is independent of the usual notification
+ * socket scheme (i.e. $NOTIFY_SOCKET). The primary difference is about trust: data sent via the $NOTIFY_SOCKET
+ * channel is only accepted if it originates from the right unit and if reception was enabled for it. The user
+ * lookup socket OTOH is only accessible by PID 1 and its children until they exec(), and always available.
+ *
+ * Note that this function is called under two circumstances: when we first initialize (in which case we
+ * allocate both the socket pair and the event source to listen on it), and when we deserialize after a reload
+ * (in which case the socket pair already exists but we still need to allocate the event source for it). */
+
+ if (m->user_lookup_fds[0] < 0) {
+
+ /* Free all secondary fields */
+ safe_close_pair(m->user_lookup_fds);
+ m->user_lookup_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->user_lookup_event_source);
+
+ if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, m->user_lookup_fds) < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate user lookup socket: %m");
+
+ (void) fd_increase_rxbuf(m->user_lookup_fds[0], NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE);
+ }
+
+ if (!m->user_lookup_event_source) {
+ r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->user_lookup_event_source, m->user_lookup_fds[0], EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate user lookup event source: %m");
+
+ /* Process even earlier than the notify event source, so that we always know first about valid UID/GID
+ * resolutions */
+ r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->user_lookup_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-11);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set priority of user lookup event source: %m");
+
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->user_lookup_event_source, "user-lookup");
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+ unsigned n = 0;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ while ((u = m->cleanup_queue)) {
+ assert(u->in_cleanup_queue);
+
+ unit_free(u);
+ n++;
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+enum {
+ GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH, /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
+ GC_OFFSET_UNSURE, /* No clue */
+ GC_OFFSET_GOOD, /* We still need this unit */
+ GC_OFFSET_BAD, /* We don't need this unit anymore */
+ _GC_OFFSET_MAX
+};
+
+static void unit_gc_mark_good(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
+ Unit *other;
+
+ u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
+
+ /* Recursively mark referenced units as GOOD as well */
+ UNIT_FOREACH_DEPENDENCY(other, u, UNIT_ATOM_REFERENCES)
+ if (other->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE)
+ unit_gc_mark_good(other, gc_marker);
+}
+
+static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
+ Unit *other;
+ bool is_bad;
+
+ assert(u);
+
+ if (IN_SET(u->gc_marker - gc_marker,
+ GC_OFFSET_GOOD, GC_OFFSET_BAD, GC_OFFSET_UNSURE, GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH))
+ return;
+
+ if (u->in_cleanup_queue)
+ goto bad;
+
+ if (!unit_may_gc(u))
+ goto good;
+
+ u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
+
+ is_bad = true;
+
+ UNIT_FOREACH_DEPENDENCY(other, u, UNIT_ATOM_REFERENCED_BY) {
+ unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
+
+ if (other->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
+ goto good;
+
+ if (other->gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
+ is_bad = false;
+ }
+
+ LIST_FOREACH(refs_by_target, ref, u->refs_by_target) {
+ unit_gc_sweep(ref->source, gc_marker);
+
+ if (ref->source->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
+ goto good;
+
+ if (ref->source->gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
+ is_bad = false;
+ }
+
+ if (is_bad)
+ goto bad;
+
+ /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
+ * let's investigate it later */
+ u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
+ unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
+ return;
+
+bad:
+ /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
+ * let's mark it for deletion */
+ u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
+ unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
+ return;
+
+good:
+ unit_gc_mark_good(u, gc_marker);
+}
+
+static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_unit_queue(Manager *m) {
+ unsigned n = 0, gc_marker;
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* log_debug("Running GC..."); */
+
+ m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
+ if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
+ m->gc_marker = 1;
+
+ gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
+
+ while ((u = m->gc_unit_queue)) {
+ assert(u->in_gc_queue);
+
+ unit_gc_sweep(u, gc_marker);
+
+ LIST_REMOVE(gc_queue, m->gc_unit_queue, u);
+ u->in_gc_queue = false;
+
+ n++;
+
+ if (IN_SET(u->gc_marker - gc_marker,
+ GC_OFFSET_BAD, GC_OFFSET_UNSURE)) {
+ if (u->id)
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Collecting.");
+ u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
+ unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_job_queue(Manager *m) {
+ unsigned n = 0;
+ Job *j;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ while ((j = m->gc_job_queue)) {
+ assert(j->in_gc_queue);
+
+ LIST_REMOVE(gc_queue, m->gc_job_queue, j);
+ j->in_gc_queue = false;
+
+ n++;
+
+ if (!job_may_gc(j))
+ continue;
+
+ log_unit_debug(j->unit, "Collecting job.");
+ (void) job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_COLLECTED, false, false);
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+static int manager_ratelimit_requeue(sd_event_source *s, uint64_t usec, void *userdata) {
+ Unit *u = userdata;
+
+ assert(u);
+ assert(s == u->auto_start_stop_event_source);
+
+ u->auto_start_stop_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(u->auto_start_stop_event_source);
+
+ /* Re-queue to all queues, if the rate limit hit we might have been throttled on any of them. */
+ unit_submit_to_stop_when_unneeded_queue(u);
+ unit_submit_to_start_when_upheld_queue(u);
+ unit_submit_to_stop_when_bound_queue(u);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_ratelimit_check_and_queue(Unit *u) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(u);
+
+ if (ratelimit_below(&u->auto_start_stop_ratelimit))
+ return 1;
+
+ /* Already queued, no need to requeue */
+ if (u->auto_start_stop_event_source)
+ return 0;
+
+ r = sd_event_add_time(
+ u->manager->event,
+ &u->auto_start_stop_event_source,
+ CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
+ ratelimit_end(&u->auto_start_stop_ratelimit),
+ 0,
+ manager_ratelimit_requeue,
+ u);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_unit_error_errno(u, r, "Failed to queue timer on event loop: %m");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned manager_dispatch_stop_when_unneeded_queue(Manager *m) {
+ unsigned n = 0;
+ Unit *u;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ while ((u = m->stop_when_unneeded_queue)) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+
+ assert(u->in_stop_when_unneeded_queue);
+ LIST_REMOVE(stop_when_unneeded_queue, m->stop_when_unneeded_queue, u);
+ u->in_stop_when_unneeded_queue = false;
+
+ n++;
+
+ if (!unit_is_unneeded(u))
+ continue;
+
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Unit is not needed anymore.");
+
+ /* If stopping a unit fails continuously we might enter a stop loop here, hence stop acting on the
+ * service being unnecessary after a while. */
+
+ r = manager_ratelimit_check_and_queue(u);
+ if (r <= 0) {
+ log_unit_warning(u,
+ "Unit not needed anymore, but not stopping since we tried this too often recently.%s",
+ r == 0 ? " Will retry later." : "");
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Ok, nobody needs us anymore. Sniff. Then let's commit suicide */
+ r = manager_add_job(u->manager, JOB_STOP, u, JOB_FAIL, NULL, &error, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_unit_warning_errno(u, r, "Failed to enqueue stop job, ignoring: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+static unsigned manager_dispatch_start_when_upheld_queue(Manager *m) {
+ unsigned n = 0;
+ Unit *u;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ while ((u = m->start_when_upheld_queue)) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ Unit *culprit = NULL;
+
+ assert(u->in_start_when_upheld_queue);
+ LIST_REMOVE(start_when_upheld_queue, m->start_when_upheld_queue, u);
+ u->in_start_when_upheld_queue = false;
+
+ n++;
+
+ if (!unit_is_upheld_by_active(u, &culprit))
+ continue;
+
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Unit is started because upheld by active unit %s.", culprit->id);
+
+ /* If stopping a unit fails continuously we might enter a stop loop here, hence stop acting on the
+ * service being unnecessary after a while. */
+
+ r = manager_ratelimit_check_and_queue(u);
+ if (r <= 0) {
+ log_unit_warning(u,
+ "Unit needs to be started because active unit %s upholds it, but not starting since we tried this too often recently.%s",
+ culprit->id,
+ r == 0 ? " Will retry later." : "");
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ r = manager_add_job(u->manager, JOB_START, u, JOB_FAIL, NULL, &error, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_unit_warning_errno(u, r, "Failed to enqueue start job, ignoring: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+static unsigned manager_dispatch_stop_when_bound_queue(Manager *m) {
+ unsigned n = 0;
+ Unit *u;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ while ((u = m->stop_when_bound_queue)) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ Unit *culprit = NULL;
+
+ assert(u->in_stop_when_bound_queue);
+ LIST_REMOVE(stop_when_bound_queue, m->stop_when_bound_queue, u);
+ u->in_stop_when_bound_queue = false;
+
+ n++;
+
+ if (!unit_is_bound_by_inactive(u, &culprit))
+ continue;
+
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Unit is stopped because bound to inactive unit %s.", culprit->id);
+
+ /* If stopping a unit fails continuously we might enter a stop loop here, hence stop acting on the
+ * service being unnecessary after a while. */
+
+ r = manager_ratelimit_check_and_queue(u);
+ if (r <= 0) {
+ log_unit_warning(u,
+ "Unit needs to be stopped because it is bound to inactive unit %s it, but not stopping since we tried this too often recently.%s",
+ culprit->id,
+ r == 0 ? " Will retry later." : "");
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ r = manager_add_job(u->manager, JOB_STOP, u, JOB_REPLACE, NULL, &error, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_unit_warning_errno(u, r, "Failed to enqueue stop job, ignoring: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
+ unit_free(u);
+
+ manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
+
+ assert(!m->load_queue);
+ assert(prioq_isempty(m->run_queue));
+ assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
+ assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
+ assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
+ assert(!m->gc_unit_queue);
+ assert(!m->gc_job_queue);
+ assert(!m->cgroup_realize_queue);
+ assert(!m->cgroup_empty_queue);
+ assert(!m->cgroup_oom_queue);
+ assert(!m->target_deps_queue);
+ assert(!m->stop_when_unneeded_queue);
+ assert(!m->start_when_upheld_queue);
+ assert(!m->stop_when_bound_queue);
+
+ assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
+ assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
+
+ m->n_on_console = 0;
+ m->n_running_jobs = 0;
+ m->n_installed_jobs = 0;
+ m->n_failed_jobs = 0;
+}
+
+Manager* manager_free(Manager *m) {
+ if (!m)
+ return NULL;
+
+ manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
+
+ for (UnitType c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
+ if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
+ unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
+
+ /* Keep the cgroup hierarchy in place except when we know we are going down for good */
+ manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, IN_SET(m->objective, MANAGER_EXIT, MANAGER_REBOOT, MANAGER_POWEROFF, MANAGER_HALT, MANAGER_KEXEC));
+
+ lookup_paths_flush_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
+
+ bus_done(m);
+ manager_varlink_done(m);
+
+ exec_runtime_vacuum(m);
+ hashmap_free(m->exec_runtime_by_id);
+
+ dynamic_user_vacuum(m, false);
+ hashmap_free(m->dynamic_users);
+
+ hashmap_free(m->units);
+ hashmap_free(m->units_by_invocation_id);
+ hashmap_free(m->jobs);
+ hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
+ hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
+
+ prioq_free(m->run_queue);
+
+ set_free(m->startup_units);
+ set_free(m->failed_units);
+
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->signal_event_source);
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->sigchld_event_source);
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->notify_event_source);
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->cgroups_agent_event_source);
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->time_change_event_source);
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->timezone_change_event_source);
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source);
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->run_queue_event_source);
+ sd_event_source_unref(m->user_lookup_event_source);
+
+ safe_close(m->signal_fd);
+ safe_close(m->notify_fd);
+ safe_close(m->cgroups_agent_fd);
+ safe_close_pair(m->user_lookup_fds);
+
+ manager_close_ask_password(m);
+
+ manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
+
+ sd_event_unref(m->event);
+
+ free(m->notify_socket);
+
+ lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
+ strv_free(m->transient_environment);
+ strv_free(m->client_environment);
+
+ hashmap_free(m->cgroup_unit);
+ manager_free_unit_name_maps(m);
+
+ free(m->switch_root);
+ free(m->switch_root_init);
+
+ free(m->default_smack_process_label);
+
+ rlimit_free_all(m->rlimit);
+
+ assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units_requiring_mounts_for));
+ hashmap_free(m->units_requiring_mounts_for);
+
+ hashmap_free(m->uid_refs);
+ hashmap_free(m->gid_refs);
+
+ for (ExecDirectoryType dt = 0; dt < _EXEC_DIRECTORY_TYPE_MAX; dt++)
+ m->prefix[dt] = mfree(m->prefix[dt]);
+ free(m->received_credentials_directory);
+ free(m->received_encrypted_credentials_directory);
+
+ free(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor);
+ free(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor_overridden);
+
+#if BPF_FRAMEWORK
+ lsm_bpf_destroy(m->restrict_fs);
+#endif
+
+ return mfree(m);
+}
+
+static void manager_enumerate_perpetual(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (FLAGS_SET(m->test_run_flags, MANAGER_TEST_RUN_MINIMAL))
+ return;
+
+ /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel that it might know */
+ for (UnitType c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++) {
+ if (!unit_type_supported(c)) {
+ log_debug("Unit type .%s is not supported on this system.", unit_type_to_string(c));
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate_perpetual)
+ unit_vtable[c]->enumerate_perpetual(m);
+ }
+}
+
+static void manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (FLAGS_SET(m->test_run_flags, MANAGER_TEST_RUN_MINIMAL))
+ return;
+
+ /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel that it might know */
+ for (UnitType c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++) {
+ if (!unit_type_supported(c)) {
+ log_debug("Unit type .%s is not supported on this system.", unit_type_to_string(c));
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
+ unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m);
+ }
+
+ manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
+}
+
+static void manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+ char *k;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ log_debug("Invoking unit coldplug() handlers%s", special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ELLIPSIS));
+
+ /* Let's place the units back into their deserialized state */
+ HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units) {
+
+ /* ignore aliases */
+ if (u->id != k)
+ continue;
+
+ r = unit_coldplug(u);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(r, "We couldn't coldplug %s, proceeding anyway: %m", u->id);
+ }
+}
+
+static void manager_catchup(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+ char *k;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ log_debug("Invoking unit catchup() handlers%s", special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ELLIPSIS));
+
+ /* Let's catch up on any state changes that happened while we were reloading/reexecing */
+ HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units) {
+
+ /* ignore aliases */
+ if (u->id != k)
+ continue;
+
+ unit_catchup(u);
+ }
+}
+
+static void manager_distribute_fds(Manager *m, FDSet *fds) {
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units) {
+
+ if (fdset_size(fds) <= 0)
+ break;
+
+ if (!UNIT_VTABLE(u)->distribute_fds)
+ continue;
+
+ UNIT_VTABLE(u)->distribute_fds(u, fds);
+ }
+}
+
+static bool manager_dbus_is_running(Manager *m, bool deserialized) {
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* This checks whether the dbus instance we are supposed to expose our APIs on is up. We check both the socket
+ * and the service unit. If the 'deserialized' parameter is true we'll check the deserialized state of the unit
+ * rather than the current one. */
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return false;
+
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SOCKET);
+ if (!u)
+ return false;
+ if ((deserialized ? SOCKET(u)->deserialized_state : SOCKET(u)->state) != SOCKET_RUNNING)
+ return false;
+
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
+ if (!u)
+ return false;
+ if (!IN_SET((deserialized ? SERVICE(u)->deserialized_state : SERVICE(u)->state), SERVICE_RUNNING, SERVICE_RELOAD))
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static void manager_setup_bus(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Let's set up our private bus connection now, unconditionally */
+ (void) bus_init_private(m);
+
+ /* If we are in --user mode also connect to the system bus now */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ (void) bus_init_system(m);
+
+ /* Let's connect to the bus now, but only if the unit is supposed to be up */
+ if (manager_dbus_is_running(m, MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))) {
+ (void) bus_init_api(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ (void) bus_init_system(m);
+ }
+}
+
+static void manager_preset_all(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (m->first_boot <= 0)
+ return;
+
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return;
+
+ /* If this is the first boot, and we are in the host system, then preset everything */
+ UnitFilePresetMode mode =
+ ENABLE_FIRST_BOOT_FULL_PRESET ? UNIT_FILE_PRESET_FULL : UNIT_FILE_PRESET_ENABLE_ONLY;
+
+ r = unit_file_preset_all(LOOKUP_SCOPE_SYSTEM, 0, NULL, mode, NULL, 0);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_full_errno(r == -EEXIST ? LOG_NOTICE : LOG_WARNING, r,
+ "Failed to populate /etc with preset unit settings, ignoring: %m");
+ else
+ log_info("Populated /etc with preset unit settings.");
+}
+
+static void manager_ready(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* After having loaded everything, do the final round of catching up with what might have changed */
+
+ m->objective = MANAGER_OK; /* Tell everyone we are up now */
+
+ /* It might be safe to log to the journal now and connect to dbus */
+ manager_recheck_journal(m);
+ manager_recheck_dbus(m);
+
+ /* Let's finally catch up with any changes that took place while we were reloading/reexecing */
+ manager_catchup(m);
+
+ /* Create a file which will indicate when the manager started loading units the last time. */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ (void) touch_file("/run/systemd/systemd-units-load", false,
+ m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD].realtime ?: now(CLOCK_REALTIME),
+ UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, 0444);
+}
+
+Manager* manager_reloading_start(Manager *m) {
+ m->n_reloading++;
+ dual_timestamp_get(m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD);
+ return m;
+}
+
+void manager_reloading_stopp(Manager **m) {
+ if (*m) {
+ assert((*m)->n_reloading > 0);
+ (*m)->n_reloading--;
+ }
+}
+
+int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds, const char *root) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* If we are running in test mode, we still want to run the generators,
+ * but we should not touch the real generator directories. */
+ r = lookup_paths_init_or_warn(&m->lookup_paths, m->unit_file_scope,
+ MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m) ? LOOKUP_PATHS_TEMPORARY_GENERATED : 0,
+ root);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ dual_timestamp_get(m->timestamps + manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_GENERATORS_START));
+ r = manager_run_environment_generators(m);
+ if (r >= 0)
+ r = manager_run_generators(m);
+ dual_timestamp_get(m->timestamps + manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_GENERATORS_FINISH));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ manager_preset_all(m);
+
+ lookup_paths_log(&m->lookup_paths);
+
+ {
+ /* This block is (optionally) done with the reloading counter bumped */
+ _unused_ _cleanup_(manager_reloading_stopp) Manager *reloading = NULL;
+
+ /* Make sure we don't have a left-over from a previous run */
+ if (!serialization)
+ (void) rm_rf(m->lookup_paths.transient, 0);
+
+ /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration this is already known, so we increase the
+ * counter here already */
+ if (serialization)
+ reloading = manager_reloading_start(m);
+
+ /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
+ dual_timestamp_get(m->timestamps + manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_START));
+ manager_enumerate_perpetual(m);
+ manager_enumerate(m);
+ dual_timestamp_get(m->timestamps + manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_FINISH));
+
+ /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
+ if (serialization) {
+ r = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Deserialization failed: %m");
+ }
+
+ /* Any fds left? Find some unit which wants them. This is useful to allow container managers to pass
+ * some file descriptors to us pre-initialized. This enables socket-based activation of entire
+ * containers. */
+ manager_distribute_fds(m, fds);
+
+ /* We might have deserialized the notify fd, but if we didn't then let's create the bus now */
+ r = manager_setup_notify(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ /* No sense to continue without notifications, our children would fail anyway. */
+ return r;
+
+ r = manager_setup_cgroups_agent(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ /* Likewise, no sense to continue without empty cgroup notifications. */
+ return r;
+
+ r = manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ /* This shouldn't fail, except if things are really broken. */
+ return r;
+
+ /* Connect to the bus if we are good for it */
+ manager_setup_bus(m);
+
+ /* Now that we are connected to all possible buses, let's deserialize who is tracking us. */
+ r = bus_track_coldplug(m, &m->subscribed, false, m->deserialized_subscribed);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to deserialized tracked clients, ignoring: %m");
+ m->deserialized_subscribed = strv_free(m->deserialized_subscribed);
+
+ r = manager_varlink_init(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to set up Varlink, ignoring: %m");
+
+ /* Third, fire things up! */
+ manager_coldplug(m);
+
+ /* Clean up runtime objects */
+ manager_vacuum(m);
+
+ if (serialization)
+ /* Let's wait for the UnitNew/JobNew messages being sent, before we notify that the
+ * reload is finished */
+ m->send_reloading_done = true;
+ }
+
+ manager_ready(m);
+
+ manager_set_switching_root(m, false);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int manager_add_job(
+ Manager *m,
+ JobType type,
+ Unit *unit,
+ JobMode mode,
+ Set *affected_jobs,
+ sd_bus_error *error,
+ Job **ret) {
+
+ Transaction *tr;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
+ assert(unit);
+ assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
+
+ if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START)
+ return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
+
+ if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->allow_isolate)
+ return sd_bus_error_set(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
+
+ if (mode == JOB_TRIGGERING && type != JOB_STOP)
+ return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "--job-mode=triggering is only valid for stop.");
+
+ log_unit_debug(unit, "Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
+
+ type = job_type_collapse(type, unit);
+
+ tr = transaction_new(mode == JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
+ if (!tr)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(tr, type, unit, NULL, true, false,
+ IN_SET(mode, JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, JOB_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS),
+ mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, error);
+ if (r < 0)
+ goto tr_abort;
+
+ if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE) {
+ r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(tr, m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ goto tr_abort;
+ }
+
+ if (mode == JOB_TRIGGERING) {
+ r = transaction_add_triggering_jobs(tr, unit);
+ if (r < 0)
+ goto tr_abort;
+ }
+
+ r = transaction_activate(tr, m, mode, affected_jobs, error);
+ if (r < 0)
+ goto tr_abort;
+
+ log_unit_debug(unit,
+ "Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->id,
+ job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) tr->anchor_job->id);
+
+ if (ret)
+ *ret = tr->anchor_job;
+
+ transaction_free(tr);
+ return 0;
+
+tr_abort:
+ transaction_abort(tr);
+ transaction_free(tr);
+ return r;
+}
+
+int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, Set *affected_jobs, sd_bus_error *e, Job **ret) {
+ Unit *unit = NULL; /* just to appease gcc, initialization is not really necessary */
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
+ assert(name);
+ assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
+
+ r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ assert(unit);
+
+ return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, affected_jobs, e, ret);
+}
+
+int manager_add_job_by_name_and_warn(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, Set *affected_jobs, Job **ret) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
+ assert(name);
+ assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
+
+ r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, type, name, mode, affected_jobs, &error, ret);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to enqueue %s job for %s: %s", job_mode_to_string(mode), name, bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+int manager_propagate_reload(Manager *m, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, sd_bus_error *e) {
+ int r;
+ Transaction *tr;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(unit);
+ assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
+ assert(mode != JOB_ISOLATE); /* Isolate is only valid for start */
+
+ tr = transaction_new(mode == JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
+ if (!tr)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ /* We need an anchor job */
+ r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(tr, JOB_NOP, unit, NULL, false, false, true, true, e);
+ if (r < 0)
+ goto tr_abort;
+
+ /* Failure in adding individual dependencies is ignored, so this always succeeds. */
+ transaction_add_propagate_reload_jobs(tr, unit, tr->anchor_job, mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, e);
+
+ r = transaction_activate(tr, m, mode, NULL, e);
+ if (r < 0)
+ goto tr_abort;
+
+ transaction_free(tr);
+ return 0;
+
+tr_abort:
+ transaction_abort(tr);
+ transaction_free(tr);
+ return r;
+}
+
+Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
+}
+
+Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
+ assert(m);
+ assert(name);
+
+ return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_target_deps_queue(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+ int r = 0;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ while ((u = m->target_deps_queue)) {
+ _cleanup_free_ Unit **targets = NULL;
+ int n_targets;
+
+ assert(u->in_target_deps_queue);
+
+ LIST_REMOVE(target_deps_queue, u->manager->target_deps_queue, u);
+ u->in_target_deps_queue = false;
+
+ /* Take an "atomic" snapshot of dependencies here, as the call below will likely modify the
+ * dependencies, and we can't have it that hash tables we iterate through are modified while
+ * we are iterating through them. */
+ n_targets = unit_get_dependency_array(u, UNIT_ATOM_DEFAULT_TARGET_DEPENDENCIES, &targets);
+ if (n_targets < 0)
+ return n_targets;
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < n_targets; i++) {
+ r = unit_add_default_target_dependency(u, targets[i]);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+ unsigned n = 0;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
+ if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
+ return 0;
+
+ m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
+
+ /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
+ * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
+
+ while ((u = m->load_queue)) {
+ assert(u->in_load_queue);
+
+ unit_load(u);
+ n++;
+ }
+
+ m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
+
+ /* Dispatch the units waiting for their target dependencies to be added now, as all targets that we know about
+ * should be loaded and have aliases resolved */
+ (void) manager_dispatch_target_deps_queue(m);
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+bool manager_unit_cache_should_retry_load(Unit *u) {
+ assert(u);
+
+ /* Automatic reloading from disk only applies to units which were not found sometime in the past, and
+ * the not-found stub is kept pinned in the unit graph by dependencies. For units that were
+ * previously loaded, we don't do automatic reloading, and daemon-reload is necessary to update. */
+ if (u->load_state != UNIT_NOT_FOUND)
+ return false;
+
+ /* The cache has been updated since the last time we tried to load the unit. There might be new
+ * fragment paths to read. */
+ if (u->manager->unit_cache_timestamp_hash != u->fragment_not_found_timestamp_hash)
+ return true;
+
+ /* The cache needs to be updated because there are modifications on disk. */
+ return !lookup_paths_timestamp_hash_same(&u->manager->lookup_paths, u->manager->unit_cache_timestamp_hash, NULL);
+}
+
+int manager_load_unit_prepare(
+ Manager *m,
+ const char *name,
+ const char *path,
+ sd_bus_error *e,
+ Unit **ret) {
+
+ _cleanup_(unit_freep) Unit *cleanup_unit = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(ret);
+
+ /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually load anything from disk. */
+
+ if (path && !path_is_absolute(path))
+ return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
+
+ if (!name) {
+ /* 'name' and 'path' must not both be null. Check here 'path' using assert_se() to
+ * workaround a bug in gcc that generates a -Wnonnull warning when calling basename(),
+ * but this cannot be possible in any code path (See #6119). */
+ assert_se(path);
+ name = basename(path);
+ }
+
+ UnitType t = unit_name_to_type(name);
+
+ if (t == _UNIT_TYPE_INVALID || !unit_name_is_valid(name, UNIT_NAME_PLAIN|UNIT_NAME_INSTANCE)) {
+ if (unit_name_is_valid(name, UNIT_NAME_TEMPLATE))
+ return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Unit name %s is missing the instance name.", name);
+
+ return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
+ }
+
+ Unit *unit = manager_get_unit(m, name);
+ if (unit) {
+ /* The time-based cache allows to start new units without daemon-reload,
+ * but if they are already referenced (because of dependencies or ordering)
+ * then we have to force a load of the fragment. As an optimization, check
+ * first if anything in the usual paths was modified since the last time
+ * the cache was loaded. Also check if the last time an attempt to load the
+ * unit was made was before the most recent cache refresh, so that we know
+ * we need to try again — even if the cache is current, it might have been
+ * updated in a different context before we had a chance to retry loading
+ * this particular unit. */
+ if (manager_unit_cache_should_retry_load(unit))
+ unit->load_state = UNIT_STUB;
+ else {
+ *ret = unit;
+ return 0; /* The unit was already loaded */
+ }
+ } else {
+ unit = cleanup_unit = unit_new(m, unit_vtable[t]->object_size);
+ if (!unit)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ if (path) {
+ r = free_and_strdup(&unit->fragment_path, path);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ r = unit_add_name(unit, name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ unit_add_to_load_queue(unit);
+ unit_add_to_dbus_queue(unit);
+ unit_add_to_gc_queue(unit);
+
+ *ret = unit;
+ TAKE_PTR(cleanup_unit);
+
+ return 1; /* The unit was added the load queue */
+}
+
+int manager_load_unit(
+ Manager *m,
+ const char *name,
+ const char *path,
+ sd_bus_error *e,
+ Unit **ret) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(ret);
+
+ /* This will load the unit config, but not actually start any services or anything. */
+
+ r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, ret);
+ if (r <= 0)
+ return r;
+
+ /* Unit was newly loaded */
+ manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
+ *ret = unit_follow_merge(*ret);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int manager_load_startable_unit_or_warn(
+ Manager *m,
+ const char *name,
+ const char *path,
+ Unit **ret) {
+
+ /* Load a unit, make sure it loaded fully and is not masked. */
+
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ Unit *unit;
+ int r;
+
+ r = manager_load_unit(m, name, path, &error, &unit);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to load %s %s: %s",
+ name ? "unit" : "unit file", name ?: path,
+ bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ r = bus_unit_validate_load_state(unit, &error);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "%s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ *ret = unit;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
+ Job *j;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
+ /* No need to recurse. We're cancelling all jobs. */
+ job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED, false, false);
+}
+
+void manager_unwatch_pid(Manager *m, pid_t pid) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* First let's drop the unit keyed as "pid". */
+ (void) hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, PID_TO_PTR(pid));
+
+ /* Then, let's also drop the array keyed by -pid. */
+ free(hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, PID_TO_PTR(-pid)));
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_run_queue(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata) {
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+ Job *j;
+
+ assert(source);
+
+ while ((j = prioq_peek(m->run_queue))) {
+ assert(j->installed);
+ assert(j->in_run_queue);
+
+ (void) job_run_and_invalidate(j);
+ }
+
+ if (m->n_running_jobs > 0)
+ manager_watch_jobs_in_progress(m);
+
+ if (m->n_on_console > 0)
+ manager_watch_idle_pipe(m);
+
+ return 1;
+}
+
+void manager_trigger_run_queue(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(
+ m->run_queue_event_source,
+ prioq_isempty(m->run_queue) ? SD_EVENT_OFF : SD_EVENT_ONESHOT);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to enable job run queue event source, ignoring: %m");
+}
+
+static unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
+ unsigned n = 0, budget;
+ Unit *u;
+ Job *j;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* When we are reloading, let's not wait with generating signals, since we need to exit the manager as quickly
+ * as we can. There's no point in throttling generation of signals in that case. */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m) || m->send_reloading_done || m->pending_reload_message)
+ budget = UINT_MAX; /* infinite budget in this case */
+ else {
+ /* Anything to do at all? */
+ if (!m->dbus_unit_queue && !m->dbus_job_queue)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Do we have overly many messages queued at the moment? If so, let's not enqueue more on top, let's
+ * sit this cycle out, and process things in a later cycle when the queues got a bit emptier. */
+ if (manager_bus_n_queued_write(m) > MANAGER_BUS_BUSY_THRESHOLD)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Only process a certain number of units/jobs per event loop iteration. Even if the bus queue wasn't
+ * overly full before this call we shouldn't increase it in size too wildly in one step, and we
+ * shouldn't monopolize CPU time with generating these messages. Note the difference in counting of
+ * this "budget" and the "threshold" above: the "budget" is decreased only once per generated message,
+ * regardless how many buses/direct connections it is enqueued on, while the "threshold" is applied to
+ * each queued instance of bus message, i.e. if the same message is enqueued to five buses/direct
+ * connections it will be counted five times. This difference in counting ("references"
+ * vs. "instances") is primarily a result of the fact that it's easier to implement it this way,
+ * however it also reflects the thinking that the "threshold" should put a limit on used queue memory,
+ * i.e. space, while the "budget" should put a limit on time. Also note that the "threshold" is
+ * currently chosen much higher than the "budget". */
+ budget = MANAGER_BUS_MESSAGE_BUDGET;
+ }
+
+ while (budget != 0 && (u = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
+
+ assert(u->in_dbus_queue);
+
+ bus_unit_send_change_signal(u);
+ n++;
+
+ if (budget != UINT_MAX)
+ budget--;
+ }
+
+ while (budget != 0 && (j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
+ assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
+
+ bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
+ n++;
+
+ if (budget != UINT_MAX)
+ budget--;
+ }
+
+ if (m->send_reloading_done) {
+ m->send_reloading_done = false;
+ bus_manager_send_reloading(m, false);
+ n++;
+ }
+
+ if (m->pending_reload_message) {
+ bus_send_pending_reload_message(m);
+ n++;
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
+ Manager *m = userdata;
+ char buf[PATH_MAX];
+ ssize_t n;
+
+ n = recv(fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
+ if (n < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroups agent message: %m");
+ if (n == 0) {
+ log_error("Got zero-length cgroups agent message, ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
+ log_error("Got overly long cgroups agent message, ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if (memchr(buf, 0, n)) {
+ log_error("Got cgroups agent message with embedded NUL byte, ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+ buf[n] = 0;
+
+ manager_notify_cgroup_empty(m, buf);
+ (void) bus_forward_agent_released(m, buf);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static bool manager_process_barrier_fd(char * const *tags, FDSet *fds) {
+
+ /* nothing else must be sent when using BARRIER=1 */
+ if (strv_contains(tags, "BARRIER=1")) {
+ if (strv_length(tags) == 1) {
+ if (fdset_size(fds) != 1)
+ log_warning("Got incorrect number of fds with BARRIER=1, closing them.");
+ } else
+ log_warning("Extra notification messages sent with BARRIER=1, ignoring everything.");
+
+ /* Drop the message if BARRIER=1 was found */
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+static void manager_invoke_notify_message(
+ Manager *m,
+ Unit *u,
+ const struct ucred *ucred,
+ char * const *tags,
+ FDSet *fds) {
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(u);
+ assert(ucred);
+ assert(tags);
+
+ if (u->notifygen == m->notifygen) /* Already invoked on this same unit in this same iteration? */
+ return;
+ u->notifygen = m->notifygen;
+
+ if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
+ UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, ucred, tags, fds);
+
+ else if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL, *x = NULL, *y = NULL;
+
+ buf = strv_join(tags, ", ");
+ if (buf)
+ x = ellipsize(buf, 20, 90);
+ if (x)
+ y = cescape(x);
+
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Got notification message \"%s\", ignoring.", strnull(y));
+ }
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
+
+ _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+ char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
+ struct iovec iovec = {
+ .iov_base = buf,
+ .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
+ };
+ CMSG_BUFFER_TYPE(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
+ CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)) control;
+ struct msghdr msghdr = {
+ .msg_iov = &iovec,
+ .msg_iovlen = 1,
+ .msg_control = &control,
+ .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
+ };
+
+ struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
+ struct ucred *ucred = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ Unit **array_copy = NULL;
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
+ Unit *u1, *u2, **array;
+ int r, *fd_array = NULL;
+ size_t n_fds = 0;
+ bool found = false;
+ ssize_t n;
+
+ assert(m->notify_fd == fd);
+
+ if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
+ log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ n = recvmsg_safe(m->notify_fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC|MSG_TRUNC);
+ if (n < 0) {
+ if (ERRNO_IS_TRANSIENT(n))
+ return 0; /* Spurious wakeup, try again */
+ if (n == -EXFULL) {
+ log_warning("Got message with truncated control data (too many fds sent?), ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+ /* If this is any other, real error, then let's stop processing this socket. This of course
+ * means we won't take notification messages anymore, but that's still better than busy
+ * looping around this: being woken up over and over again but being unable to actually read
+ * the message off the socket. */
+ return log_error_errno(n, "Failed to receive notification message: %m");
+ }
+
+ CMSG_FOREACH(cmsg, &msghdr) {
+ if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_RIGHTS) {
+
+ assert(!fd_array);
+ fd_array = (int*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
+ n_fds = (cmsg->cmsg_len - CMSG_LEN(0)) / sizeof(int);
+
+ } else if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
+ cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_CREDENTIALS &&
+ cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
+
+ assert(!ucred);
+ ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (n_fds > 0) {
+ assert(fd_array);
+
+ r = fdset_new_array(&fds, fd_array, n_fds);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ close_many(fd_array, n_fds);
+ log_oom();
+ return 0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!ucred || !pid_is_valid(ucred->pid)) {
+ log_warning("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf) || (msghdr.msg_flags & MSG_TRUNC)) {
+ log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ /* As extra safety check, let's make sure the string we get doesn't contain embedded NUL bytes.
+ * We permit one trailing NUL byte in the message, but don't expect it. */
+ if (n > 1 && memchr(buf, 0, n-1)) {
+ log_warning("Received notify message with embedded NUL bytes. Ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Make sure it's NUL-terminated, then parse it to obtain the tags list. */
+ buf[n] = 0;
+ tags = strv_split_newlines(buf);
+ if (!tags) {
+ log_oom();
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Possibly a barrier fd, let's see. */
+ if (manager_process_barrier_fd(tags, fds))
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Increase the generation counter used for filtering out duplicate unit invocations. */
+ m->notifygen++;
+
+ /* Notify every unit that might be interested, which might be multiple. */
+ u1 = manager_get_unit_by_pid_cgroup(m, ucred->pid);
+ u2 = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, PID_TO_PTR(ucred->pid));
+ array = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, PID_TO_PTR(-ucred->pid));
+ if (array) {
+ size_t k = 0;
+
+ while (array[k])
+ k++;
+
+ array_copy = newdup(Unit*, array, k+1);
+ if (!array_copy)
+ log_oom();
+ }
+ /* And now invoke the per-unit callbacks. Note that manager_invoke_notify_message() will handle
+ * duplicate units make sure we only invoke each unit's handler once. */
+ if (u1) {
+ manager_invoke_notify_message(m, u1, ucred, tags, fds);
+ found = true;
+ }
+ if (u2) {
+ manager_invoke_notify_message(m, u2, ucred, tags, fds);
+ found = true;
+ }
+ if (array_copy)
+ for (size_t i = 0; array_copy[i]; i++) {
+ manager_invoke_notify_message(m, array_copy[i], ucred, tags, fds);
+ found = true;
+ }
+
+ if (!found)
+ log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID "PID_FMT", ignoring.", ucred->pid);
+
+ if (fdset_size(fds) > 0)
+ log_warning("Got extra auxiliary fds with notification message, closing them.");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void manager_invoke_sigchld_event(
+ Manager *m,
+ Unit *u,
+ const siginfo_t *si) {
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(u);
+ assert(si);
+
+ /* Already invoked the handler of this unit in this iteration? Then don't process this again */
+ if (u->sigchldgen == m->sigchldgen)
+ return;
+ u->sigchldgen = m->sigchldgen;
+
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Child "PID_FMT" belongs to %s.", si->si_pid, u->id);
+ unit_unwatch_pid(u, si->si_pid);
+
+ if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event)
+ UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si->si_pid, si->si_code, si->si_status);
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata) {
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+ siginfo_t si = {};
+ int r;
+
+ assert(source);
+
+ /* First we call waitid() for a PID and do not reap the zombie. That way we can still access
+ * /proc/$PID for it while it is a zombie. */
+
+ if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
+
+ if (errno != ECHILD)
+ log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to peek for child with waitid(), ignoring: %m");
+
+ goto turn_off;
+ }
+
+ if (si.si_pid <= 0)
+ goto turn_off;
+
+ if (IN_SET(si.si_code, CLD_EXITED, CLD_KILLED, CLD_DUMPED)) {
+ _cleanup_free_ Unit **array_copy = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
+ Unit *u1, *u2, **array;
+
+ (void) get_process_comm(si.si_pid, &name);
+
+ log_debug("Child "PID_FMT" (%s) died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
+ si.si_pid, strna(name),
+ sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
+ si.si_status,
+ strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
+ ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
+ : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
+
+ /* Increase the generation counter used for filtering out duplicate unit invocations */
+ m->sigchldgen++;
+
+ /* And now figure out the unit this belongs to, it might be multiple... */
+ u1 = manager_get_unit_by_pid_cgroup(m, si.si_pid);
+ u2 = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, PID_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
+ array = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, PID_TO_PTR(-si.si_pid));
+ if (array) {
+ size_t n = 0;
+
+ /* Count how many entries the array has */
+ while (array[n])
+ n++;
+
+ /* Make a copy of the array so that we don't trip up on the array changing beneath us */
+ array_copy = newdup(Unit*, array, n+1);
+ if (!array_copy)
+ log_oom();
+ }
+
+ /* Finally, execute them all. Note that u1, u2 and the array might contain duplicates, but
+ * that's fine, manager_invoke_sigchld_event() will ensure we only invoke the handlers once for
+ * each iteration. */
+ if (u1) {
+ /* We check for oom condition, in case we got SIGCHLD before the oom notification.
+ * We only do this for the cgroup the PID belonged to. */
+ (void) unit_check_oom(u1);
+
+ /* We check if systemd-oomd performed a kill so that we log and notify appropriately */
+ (void) unit_check_oomd_kill(u1);
+
+ manager_invoke_sigchld_event(m, u1, &si);
+ }
+ if (u2)
+ manager_invoke_sigchld_event(m, u2, &si);
+ if (array_copy)
+ for (size_t i = 0; array_copy[i]; i++)
+ manager_invoke_sigchld_event(m, array_copy[i], &si);
+ }
+
+ /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
+ if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
+ log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to dequeue child, ignoring: %m");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+
+turn_off:
+ /* All children processed for now, turn off event source */
+
+ r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_OFF);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable SIGCHLD event source: %m");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void manager_start_special(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
+ Job *job;
+
+ if (manager_add_job_by_name_and_warn(m, JOB_START, name, mode, NULL, &job) < 0)
+ return;
+
+ const char *s = unit_status_string(job->unit, NULL);
+
+ log_info("Activating special unit %s...", s);
+
+ sd_notifyf(false,
+ "STATUS=Activating special unit %s...", s);
+ m->status_ready = false;
+}
+
+static void manager_handle_ctrl_alt_del(Manager *m) {
+ /* If the user presses C-A-D more than
+ * 7 times within 2s, we reboot/shutdown immediately,
+ * unless it was disabled in system.conf */
+
+ if (ratelimit_below(&m->ctrl_alt_del_ratelimit) || m->cad_burst_action == EMERGENCY_ACTION_NONE)
+ manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
+ else
+ emergency_action(m, m->cad_burst_action, EMERGENCY_ACTION_WARN, NULL, -1,
+ "Ctrl-Alt-Del was pressed more than 7 times within 2s");
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_signal_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+ ssize_t n;
+ struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m->signal_fd == fd);
+
+ if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
+ log_warning("Got unexpected events from signal file descriptor.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ n = read(m->signal_fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi));
+ if (n < 0) {
+ if (ERRNO_IS_TRANSIENT(errno))
+ return 0;
+
+ /* We return an error here, which will kill this handler,
+ * to avoid a busy loop on read error. */
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Reading from signal fd failed: %m");
+ }
+ if (n != sizeof(sfsi)) {
+ log_warning("Truncated read from signal fd (%zi bytes), ignoring!", n);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ log_received_signal(sfsi.ssi_signo == SIGCHLD ||
+ (sfsi.ssi_signo == SIGTERM && MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
+ &sfsi);
+
+ switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
+
+ case SIGCHLD:
+ r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_ON);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to enable SIGCHLD event source, ignoring: %m");
+
+ break;
+
+ case SIGTERM:
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
+ /* This is for compatibility with the original sysvinit */
+ if (verify_run_space_and_log("Refusing to reexecute") < 0)
+ break;
+
+ m->objective = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ _fallthrough_;
+ case SIGINT:
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ manager_handle_ctrl_alt_del(m);
+ else
+ manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
+ break;
+
+ case SIGWINCH:
+ /* This is a nop on non-init */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
+
+ break;
+
+ case SIGPWR:
+ /* This is a nop on non-init */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
+
+ break;
+
+ case SIGUSR1:
+ if (manager_dbus_is_running(m, false)) {
+ log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
+
+ (void) bus_init_api(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ (void) bus_init_system(m);
+ } else
+ manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
+
+ break;
+
+ case SIGUSR2: {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *dump = NULL;
+
+ r = manager_get_dump_string(m, /* patterns= */ NULL, &dump);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire manager dump: %m");
+ break;
+ }
+
+ log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case SIGHUP:
+ if (verify_run_space_and_log("Refusing to reload") < 0)
+ break;
+
+ m->objective = MANAGER_RELOAD;
+ break;
+
+ default: {
+
+ /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
+ static const struct {
+ const char *target;
+ JobMode mode;
+ } target_table[] = {
+ [0] = { SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET, JOB_ISOLATE },
+ [1] = { SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, JOB_ISOLATE },
+ [2] = { SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET, JOB_ISOLATE },
+ [3] = { SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
+ [4] = { SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
+ [5] = { SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
+ [6] = { SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
+ };
+
+ /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
+ static const ManagerObjective objective_table[] = {
+ [0] = MANAGER_HALT,
+ [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
+ [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
+ [3] = MANAGER_KEXEC,
+ };
+
+ if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
+ (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
+ int idx = (int) sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN;
+ manager_start_special(m, target_table[idx].target, target_table[idx].mode);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
+ (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(objective_table)) {
+ m->objective = objective_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
+ break;
+ }
+
+ switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
+
+ case 20:
+ manager_override_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_YES, "signal");
+ break;
+
+ case 21:
+ manager_override_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_NO, "signal");
+ break;
+
+ case 22:
+ manager_override_log_level(m, LOG_DEBUG);
+ break;
+
+ case 23:
+ manager_restore_original_log_level(m);
+ break;
+
+ case 24:
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m)) {
+ m->objective = MANAGER_EXIT;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ /* This is a nop on init */
+ break;
+
+ case 25:
+ m->objective = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
+ break;
+
+ case 26:
+ case 29: /* compatibility: used to be mapped to LOG_TARGET_SYSLOG_OR_KMSG */
+ manager_restore_original_log_target(m);
+ break;
+
+ case 27:
+ manager_override_log_target(m, LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
+ break;
+
+ case 28:
+ manager_override_log_target(m, LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo));
+ }
+ }}
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_time_change_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+ Unit *u;
+
+ log_struct(LOG_DEBUG,
+ "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_TIME_CHANGE_STR,
+ LOG_MESSAGE("Time has been changed"));
+
+ /* Restart the watch */
+ (void) manager_setup_time_change(m);
+
+ HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units)
+ if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->time_change)
+ UNIT_VTABLE(u)->time_change(u);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_timezone_change(
+ sd_event_source *source,
+ const struct inotify_event *e,
+ void *userdata) {
+
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+ int changed;
+ Unit *u;
+
+ log_debug("inotify event for /etc/localtime");
+
+ changed = manager_read_timezone_stat(m);
+ if (changed <= 0)
+ return changed;
+
+ /* Something changed, restart the watch, to ensure we watch the new /etc/localtime if it changed */
+ (void) manager_setup_timezone_change(m);
+
+ /* Read the new timezone */
+ tzset();
+
+ log_debug("Timezone has been changed (now: %s).", tzname[daylight]);
+
+ HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units)
+ if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->timezone_change)
+ UNIT_VTABLE(u)->timezone_change(u);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+
+ assert(m->idle_pipe[2] == fd);
+
+ /* There's at least one Type=idle child that just gave up on us waiting for the boot process to
+ * complete. Let's now turn off any further console output if there's at least one service that needs
+ * console access, so that from now on our own output should not spill into that service's output
+ * anymore. After all, we support Type=idle only to beautify console output and it generally is set
+ * on services that want to own the console exclusively without our interference. */
+ m->no_console_output = m->n_on_console > 0;
+
+ /* Acknowledge the child's request, and let all all other children know too that they shouldn't wait
+ * any longer by closing the pipes towards them, which is what they are waiting for. */
+ manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress(sd_event_source *source, usec_t usec, void *userdata) {
+ Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+ int r;
+
+ assert(source);
+
+ manager_print_jobs_in_progress(m);
+
+ r = sd_event_source_set_time_relative(source, JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_USEC);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ return sd_event_source_set_enabled(source, SD_EVENT_ONESHOT);
+}
+
+int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
+ RateLimit rl = { .interval = 1*USEC_PER_SEC, .burst = 50000 };
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(m->objective == MANAGER_OK); /* Ensure manager_startup() has been called */
+
+ manager_check_finished(m);
+
+ /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from before we were exec()'ed. Let's reap them. */
+ r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_ON);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to enable SIGCHLD event source: %m");
+
+ while (m->objective == MANAGER_OK) {
+
+ (void) watchdog_ping();
+
+ if (!ratelimit_below(&rl)) {
+ /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
+ log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
+ sleep(1);
+ }
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_gc_job_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_gc_unit_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_cgroup_realize_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_start_when_upheld_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_stop_when_bound_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_stop_when_unneeded_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ /* Sleep for watchdog runtime wait time */
+ r = sd_event_run(m->event, watchdog_runtime_wait());
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
+ }
+
+ return m->objective;
+}
+
+int manager_load_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, sd_bus_error *e, Unit **_u) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
+ sd_id128_t invocation_id;
+ Unit *u;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(s);
+ assert(_u);
+
+ r = unit_name_from_dbus_path(s, &n);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ /* Permit addressing units by invocation ID: if the passed bus path is suffixed by a 128bit ID then
+ * we use it as invocation ID. */
+ r = sd_id128_from_string(n, &invocation_id);
+ if (r >= 0) {
+ u = hashmap_get(m->units_by_invocation_id, &invocation_id);
+ if (u) {
+ *_u = u;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ return sd_bus_error_setf(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_UNIT_FOR_INVOCATION_ID,
+ "No unit with the specified invocation ID " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR " known.",
+ SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(invocation_id));
+ }
+
+ /* If this didn't work, we check if this is a unit name */
+ if (!unit_name_is_valid(n, UNIT_NAME_PLAIN|UNIT_NAME_INSTANCE)) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *nn = NULL;
+
+ nn = cescape(n);
+ return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+ "Unit name %s is neither a valid invocation ID nor unit name.", strnull(nn));
+ }
+
+ r = manager_load_unit(m, n, NULL, e, &u);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ *_u = u;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
+ const char *p;
+ unsigned id;
+ Job *j;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(s);
+ assert(_j);
+
+ p = startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/");
+ if (!p)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ r = safe_atou(p, &id);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ j = manager_get_job(m, id);
+ if (!j)
+ return -ENOENT;
+
+ *_j = j;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
+
+#if HAVE_AUDIT
+ _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
+ const char *msg;
+ int audit_fd, r;
+
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ return;
+
+ audit_fd = get_audit_fd();
+ if (audit_fd < 0)
+ return;
+
+ /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already
+ * started and we're just deserializing */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (u->type != UNIT_SERVICE)
+ return;
+
+ r = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->id, &p);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract prefix and instance of unit name: %m");
+ return;
+ }
+
+ msg = strjoina("unit=", p);
+ if (audit_log_user_comm_message(audit_fd, type, msg, "systemd", NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0) {
+ if (errno == EPERM)
+ /* We aren't allowed to send audit messages?
+ * Then let's not retry again. */
+ close_audit_fd();
+ else
+ log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to send audit message: %m");
+ }
+#endif
+
+}
+
+void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
+ static const union sockaddr_union sa = PLYMOUTH_SOCKET;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *message = NULL;
+ _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
+ int n = 0;
+
+ /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already
+ * started and we're just deserializing */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (detect_container() > 0)
+ return;
+
+ if (!IN_SET(u->type, UNIT_SERVICE, UNIT_MOUNT, UNIT_SWAP))
+ return;
+
+ /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the
+ * message then wait for plymouth */
+ fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ log_error_errno(errno, "socket() failed: %m");
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un)) < 0) {
+ if (!IN_SET(errno, EAGAIN, ENOENT) && !ERRNO_IS_DISCONNECT(errno))
+ log_error_errno(errno, "connect() failed: %m");
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (asprintf(&message, "U\002%c%s%n", (int) (strlen(u->id) + 1), u->id, &n) < 0)
+ return (void) log_oom();
+
+ errno = 0;
+ if (write(fd, message, n + 1) != n + 1)
+ if (!IN_SET(errno, EAGAIN, ENOENT) && !ERRNO_IS_DISCONNECT(errno))
+ log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to write Plymouth message: %m");
+}
+
+usec_t manager_get_watchdog(Manager *m, WatchdogType t) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ return USEC_INFINITY;
+
+ if (timestamp_is_set(m->watchdog_overridden[t]))
+ return m->watchdog_overridden[t];
+
+ return m->watchdog[t];
+}
+
+void manager_set_watchdog(Manager *m, WatchdogType t, usec_t timeout) {
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (m->watchdog[t] == timeout)
+ return;
+
+ if (t == WATCHDOG_RUNTIME) {
+ if (!timestamp_is_set(m->watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_RUNTIME]))
+ (void) watchdog_setup(timeout);
+ } else if (t == WATCHDOG_PRETIMEOUT)
+ if (m->watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_PRETIMEOUT] == USEC_INFINITY)
+ (void) watchdog_setup_pretimeout(timeout);
+
+ m->watchdog[t] = timeout;
+}
+
+void manager_override_watchdog(Manager *m, WatchdogType t, usec_t timeout) {
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (m->watchdog_overridden[t] == timeout)
+ return;
+
+ if (t == WATCHDOG_RUNTIME) {
+ usec_t usec = timestamp_is_set(timeout) ? timeout : m->watchdog[t];
+
+ (void) watchdog_setup(usec);
+ } else if (t == WATCHDOG_PRETIMEOUT)
+ (void) watchdog_setup_pretimeout(timeout);
+
+ m->watchdog_overridden[t] = timeout;
+}
+
+int manager_set_watchdog_pretimeout_governor(Manager *m, const char *governor) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ return 0;
+
+ if (streq_ptr(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor, governor))
+ return 0;
+
+ p = strdup(governor);
+ if (!p)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ r = watchdog_setup_pretimeout_governor(governor);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ return free_and_replace(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor, p);
+}
+
+int manager_override_watchdog_pretimeout_governor(Manager *m, const char *governor) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ return 0;
+
+ if (streq_ptr(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor_overridden, governor))
+ return 0;
+
+ p = strdup(governor);
+ if (!p)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ r = watchdog_setup_pretimeout_governor(governor);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ return free_and_replace(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor_overridden, p);
+}
+
+int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
+ _unused_ _cleanup_(manager_reloading_stopp) Manager *reloading = NULL;
+ _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
+ _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create serialization file: %m");
+
+ fds = fdset_new();
+ if (!fds)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ /* We are officially in reload mode from here on. */
+ reloading = manager_reloading_start(m);
+
+ r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds, false);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to seek to beginning of serialization: %m");
+
+ /* đź’€ This is the point of no return, from here on there is no way back. đź’€ */
+ reloading = NULL;
+
+ bus_manager_send_reloading(m, true);
+
+ /* Start by flushing out all jobs and units, all generated units, all runtime environments, all dynamic users
+ * and everything else that is worth flushing out. We'll get it all back from the serialization — if we need
+ * it. */
+
+ manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
+ lookup_paths_flush_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
+ lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
+ exec_runtime_vacuum(m);
+ dynamic_user_vacuum(m, false);
+ m->uid_refs = hashmap_free(m->uid_refs);
+ m->gid_refs = hashmap_free(m->gid_refs);
+
+ r = lookup_paths_init_or_warn(&m->lookup_paths, m->unit_file_scope, 0, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ (void) manager_run_environment_generators(m);
+ (void) manager_run_generators(m);
+
+ lookup_paths_log(&m->lookup_paths);
+
+ /* We flushed out generated files, for which we don't watch mtime, so we should flush the old map. */
+ manager_free_unit_name_maps(m);
+
+ /* First, enumerate what we can from kernel and suchlike */
+ manager_enumerate_perpetual(m);
+ manager_enumerate(m);
+
+ /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
+ r = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(r, "Deserialization failed, proceeding anyway: %m");
+
+ /* We don't need the serialization anymore */
+ f = safe_fclose(f);
+
+ /* Re-register notify_fd as event source, and set up other sockets/communication channels we might need */
+ (void) manager_setup_notify(m);
+ (void) manager_setup_cgroups_agent(m);
+ (void) manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(m);
+
+ /* Third, fire things up! */
+ manager_coldplug(m);
+
+ /* Clean up runtime objects no longer referenced */
+ manager_vacuum(m);
+
+ /* Clean up deserialized tracked clients */
+ m->deserialized_subscribed = strv_free(m->deserialized_subscribed);
+
+ /* Consider the reload process complete now. */
+ assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
+ m->n_reloading--;
+
+ manager_ready(m);
+
+ m->send_reloading_done = true;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units)
+ unit_reset_failed(u);
+}
+
+bool manager_unit_inactive_or_pending(Manager *m, const char *name) {
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(name);
+
+ /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, name);
+ if (!u)
+ return true;
+
+ return unit_inactive_or_pending(u);
+}
+
+static void log_taint_string(Manager *m) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *taint = NULL;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m) || m->taint_logged)
+ return;
+
+ m->taint_logged = true; /* only check for taint once */
+
+ taint = manager_taint_string(m);
+ if (isempty(taint))
+ return;
+
+ log_struct(LOG_NOTICE,
+ LOG_MESSAGE("System is tainted: %s", taint),
+ "TAINT=%s", taint,
+ "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_TAINTED_STR);
+}
+
+static void manager_notify_finished(Manager *m) {
+ usec_t firmware_usec, loader_usec, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec;
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && detect_container() <= 0) {
+ char buf[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX + STRLEN(" (firmware) + ") + FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX + STRLEN(" (loader) + ")]
+ = {};
+ char *p = buf;
+ size_t size = sizeof buf;
+
+ /* Note that MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL's monotonic value is always at 0, and
+ * MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE's and MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER's monotonic value should be considered
+ * negative values. */
+
+ firmware_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER].monotonic;
+ loader_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL].monotonic;
+ userspace_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE].monotonic;
+ total_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE].monotonic + m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH].monotonic;
+
+ if (firmware_usec > 0)
+ size = strpcpyf(&p, size, "%s (firmware) + ", FORMAT_TIMESPAN(firmware_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ if (loader_usec > 0)
+ size = strpcpyf(&p, size, "%s (loader) + ", FORMAT_TIMESPAN(loader_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+
+ if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD])) {
+
+ /* The initrd case on bare-metal */
+ kernel_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL].monotonic;
+ initrd_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD].monotonic;
+
+ log_struct(LOG_INFO,
+ "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_STARTUP_FINISHED_STR,
+ "KERNEL_USEC="USEC_FMT, kernel_usec,
+ "INITRD_USEC="USEC_FMT, initrd_usec,
+ "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
+ LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s%s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
+ buf,
+ FORMAT_TIMESPAN(kernel_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
+ FORMAT_TIMESPAN(initrd_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
+ FORMAT_TIMESPAN(userspace_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
+ FORMAT_TIMESPAN(total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)));
+ } else {
+ /* The initrd-less case on bare-metal */
+
+ kernel_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL].monotonic;
+ initrd_usec = 0;
+
+ log_struct(LOG_INFO,
+ "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_STARTUP_FINISHED_STR,
+ "KERNEL_USEC="USEC_FMT, kernel_usec,
+ "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
+ LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s%s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
+ buf,
+ FORMAT_TIMESPAN(kernel_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
+ FORMAT_TIMESPAN(userspace_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
+ FORMAT_TIMESPAN(total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)));
+ }
+ } else {
+ /* The container and --user case */
+ firmware_usec = loader_usec = initrd_usec = kernel_usec = 0;
+ total_usec = userspace_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE].monotonic;
+
+ log_struct(LOG_INFO,
+ "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_USER_STARTUP_FINISHED_STR,
+ "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
+ LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s.",
+ FORMAT_TIMESPAN(total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)));
+ }
+
+ bus_manager_send_finished(m, firmware_usec, loader_usec, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec);
+
+ log_taint_string(m);
+}
+
+static void user_manager_send_ready(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* We send READY=1 on reaching basic.target only when running in --user mode. */
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_USER(m) || m->ready_sent)
+ return;
+
+ r = sd_notify(false,
+ "READY=1\n"
+ "STATUS=Reached " SPECIAL_BASIC_TARGET ".");
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
+
+ m->ready_sent = true;
+ m->status_ready = false;
+}
+
+static void manager_send_ready(Manager *m) {
+ int r;
+
+ if (m->ready_sent && m->status_ready)
+ /* Skip the notification if nothing changed. */
+ return;
+
+ r = sd_notify(false,
+ "READY=1\n"
+ "STATUS=Ready.");
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_full_errno(m->ready_sent ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
+ "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
+
+ m->ready_sent = m->status_ready = true;
+}
+
+static void manager_check_basic_target(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Small shortcut */
+ if (m->ready_sent && m->taint_logged)
+ return;
+
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_BASIC_TARGET);
+ if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u)))
+ return;
+
+ /* For user managers, send out READY=1 as soon as we reach basic.target */
+ user_manager_send_ready(m);
+
+ /* Log the taint string as soon as we reach basic.target */
+ log_taint_string(m);
+}
+
+void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
+ return;
+
+ /* Verify that we have entered the event loop already, and not left it again. */
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_RUNNING(m))
+ return;
+
+ manager_check_basic_target(m);
+
+ if (hashmap_size(m->jobs) > 0) {
+ if (m->jobs_in_progress_event_source)
+ /* Ignore any failure, this is only for feedback */
+ (void) sd_event_source_set_time(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source,
+ manager_watch_jobs_next_time(m));
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* The jobs hashmap tends to grow a lot during boot, and then it's not reused until shutdown. Let's
+ kill the hashmap if it is relatively large. */
+ if (hashmap_buckets(m->jobs) > hashmap_size(m->units) / 10)
+ m->jobs = hashmap_free(m->jobs);
+
+ manager_send_ready(m);
+
+ /* Notify Type=idle units that we are done now */
+ manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_FINISHED(m))
+ return;
+
+ manager_flip_auto_status(m, false, "boot finished");
+
+ /* Turn off confirm spawn now */
+ m->confirm_spawn = NULL;
+
+ /* No need to update ask password status when we're going non-interactive */
+ manager_close_ask_password(m);
+
+ /* This is no longer the first boot */
+ manager_set_first_boot(m, false);
+
+ dual_timestamp_get(m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH);
+
+ manager_notify_finished(m);
+
+ manager_invalidate_startup_units(m);
+}
+
+static bool generator_path_any(const char* const* paths) {
+ bool found = false;
+
+ /* Optimize by skipping the whole process by not creating output directories
+ * if no generators are found. */
+ STRV_FOREACH(path, paths)
+ if (access(*path, F_OK) == 0)
+ found = true;
+ else if (errno != ENOENT)
+ log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to open generator directory %s: %m", *path);
+
+ return found;
+}
+
+static int manager_run_environment_generators(Manager *m) {
+ char **tmp = NULL; /* this is only used in the forked process, no cleanup here */
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **paths = NULL;
+ void* args[] = {
+ [STDOUT_GENERATE] = &tmp,
+ [STDOUT_COLLECT] = &tmp,
+ [STDOUT_CONSUME] = &m->transient_environment,
+ };
+ int r;
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m) && !(m->test_run_flags & MANAGER_TEST_RUN_ENV_GENERATORS))
+ return 0;
+
+ paths = env_generator_binary_paths(MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m));
+ if (!paths)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ if (!generator_path_any((const char* const*) paths))
+ return 0;
+
+ RUN_WITH_UMASK(0022)
+ r = execute_directories((const char* const*) paths, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC, gather_environment,
+ args, NULL, m->transient_environment,
+ EXEC_DIR_PARALLEL | EXEC_DIR_IGNORE_ERRORS | EXEC_DIR_SET_SYSTEMD_EXEC_PID);
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int build_generator_environment(Manager *m, char ***ret) {
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **nl = NULL;
+ Virtualization v;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(ret);
+
+ /* Generators oftentimes want to know some basic facts about the environment they run in, in order to
+ * adjust generated units to that. Let's pass down some bits of information that are easy for us to
+ * determine (but a bit harder for generator scripts to determine), as environment variables. */
+
+ nl = strv_copy(m->transient_environment);
+ if (!nl)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_SCOPE", MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) ? "system" : "user");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
+ /* Note that $SYSTEMD_IN_INITRD may be used to override the initrd detection in much of our
+ * codebase. This is hence more than purely informational. It will shortcut detection of the
+ * initrd state if generators invoke our own tools. But that's OK, as it would come to the
+ * same results (hopefully). */
+ r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_IN_INITRD", one_zero(in_initrd()));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (m->first_boot >= 0) {
+ r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_FIRST_BOOT", one_zero(m->first_boot));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+ }
+
+ v = detect_virtualization();
+ if (v < 0)
+ log_debug_errno(v, "Failed to detect virtualization, ignoring: %m");
+ else if (v > 0) {
+ const char *s;
+
+ s = strjoina(VIRTUALIZATION_IS_VM(v) ? "vm:" :
+ VIRTUALIZATION_IS_CONTAINER(v) ? "container:" : ":",
+ virtualization_to_string(v));
+
+ r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_VIRTUALIZATION", s);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_ARCHITECTURE", architecture_to_string(uname_architecture()));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ *ret = TAKE_PTR(nl);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **paths = NULL, **ge = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m) && !(m->test_run_flags & MANAGER_TEST_RUN_GENERATORS))
+ return 0;
+
+ paths = generator_binary_paths(m->unit_file_scope);
+ if (!paths)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ if (!generator_path_any((const char* const*) paths))
+ return 0;
+
+ r = lookup_paths_mkdir_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create generator directories: %m");
+ goto finish;
+ }
+
+ const char *argv[] = {
+ NULL, /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
+ m->lookup_paths.generator,
+ m->lookup_paths.generator_early,
+ m->lookup_paths.generator_late,
+ NULL,
+ };
+
+ r = build_generator_environment(m, &ge);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_error_errno(r, "Failed to build generator environment: %m");
+ goto finish;
+ }
+
+ RUN_WITH_UMASK(0022)
+ (void) execute_directories(
+ (const char* const*) paths,
+ DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC,
+ /* callbacks= */ NULL, /* callback_args= */ NULL,
+ (char**) argv,
+ ge,
+ EXEC_DIR_PARALLEL | EXEC_DIR_IGNORE_ERRORS | EXEC_DIR_SET_SYSTEMD_EXEC_PID);
+
+ r = 0;
+
+finish:
+ lookup_paths_trim_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
+ return r;
+}
+
+int manager_transient_environment_add(Manager *m, char **plus) {
+ char **a;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (strv_isempty(plus))
+ return 0;
+
+ a = strv_env_merge(m->transient_environment, plus);
+ if (!a)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ sanitize_environment(a);
+
+ return strv_free_and_replace(m->transient_environment, a);
+}
+
+int manager_client_environment_modify(
+ Manager *m,
+ char **minus,
+ char **plus) {
+
+ char **a = NULL, **b = NULL, **l;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (strv_isempty(minus) && strv_isempty(plus))
+ return 0;
+
+ l = m->client_environment;
+
+ if (!strv_isempty(minus)) {
+ a = strv_env_delete(l, 1, minus);
+ if (!a)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ l = a;
+ }
+
+ if (!strv_isempty(plus)) {
+ b = strv_env_merge(l, plus);
+ if (!b) {
+ strv_free(a);
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ l = b;
+ }
+
+ if (m->client_environment != l)
+ strv_free(m->client_environment);
+
+ if (a != l)
+ strv_free(a);
+ if (b != l)
+ strv_free(b);
+
+ m->client_environment = sanitize_environment(l);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int manager_get_effective_environment(Manager *m, char ***ret) {
+ char **l;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(ret);
+
+ l = strv_env_merge(m->transient_environment, m->client_environment);
+ if (!l)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ *ret = l;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int manager_set_default_smack_process_label(Manager *m, const char *label) {
+ assert(m);
+
+#ifdef SMACK_DEFAULT_PROCESS_LABEL
+ if (!label)
+ return free_and_strdup(&m->default_smack_process_label, SMACK_DEFAULT_PROCESS_LABEL);
+#endif
+ if (streq_ptr(label, "/"))
+ return free_and_strdup(&m->default_smack_process_label, NULL);
+
+ return free_and_strdup(&m->default_smack_process_label, label);
+}
+
+int manager_set_default_rlimits(Manager *m, struct rlimit **default_rlimit) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ for (unsigned i = 0; i < _RLIMIT_MAX; i++) {
+ m->rlimit[i] = mfree(m->rlimit[i]);
+
+ if (!default_rlimit[i])
+ continue;
+
+ m->rlimit[i] = newdup(struct rlimit, default_rlimit[i], 1);
+ if (!m->rlimit[i])
+ return log_oom();
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void manager_recheck_dbus(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Connects to the bus if the dbus service and socket are running. If we are running in user mode
+ * this is all it does. In system mode we'll also connect to the system bus (which will most likely
+ * just reuse the connection of the API bus). That's because the system bus after all runs as service
+ * of the system instance, while in the user instance we can assume it's already there. */
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
+ return; /* don't check while we are reloading… */
+
+ if (manager_dbus_is_running(m, false)) {
+ (void) bus_init_api(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ (void) bus_init_system(m);
+ } else {
+ (void) bus_done_api(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ (void) bus_done_system(m);
+ }
+}
+
+static bool manager_journal_is_running(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
+ return false;
+
+ /* If we are the user manager we can safely assume that the journal is up */
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ return true;
+
+ /* Check that the socket is not only up, but in RUNNING state */
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_JOURNALD_SOCKET);
+ if (!u)
+ return false;
+ if (SOCKET(u)->state != SOCKET_RUNNING)
+ return false;
+
+ /* Similar, check if the daemon itself is fully up, too */
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_JOURNALD_SERVICE);
+ if (!u)
+ return false;
+ if (!IN_SET(SERVICE(u)->state, SERVICE_RELOAD, SERVICE_RUNNING))
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+void disable_printk_ratelimit(void) {
+ /* Disable kernel's printk ratelimit.
+ *
+ * Logging to /dev/kmsg is most useful during early boot and shutdown, where normal logging
+ * mechanisms are not available. The semantics of this sysctl are such that any kernel command-line
+ * setting takes precedence. */
+ int r;
+
+ r = sysctl_write("kernel/printk_devkmsg", "on");
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to set sysctl kernel.printk_devkmsg=on: %m");
+}
+
+void manager_recheck_journal(Manager *m) {
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Don't bother with this unless we are in the special situation of being PID 1 */
+ if (getpid_cached() != 1)
+ return;
+
+ /* Don't check this while we are reloading, things might still change */
+ if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
+ return;
+
+ /* The journal is fully and entirely up? If so, let's permit logging to it, if that's configured. If
+ * the journal is down, don't ever log to it, otherwise we might end up deadlocking ourselves as we
+ * might trigger an activation ourselves we can't fulfill. */
+ log_set_prohibit_ipc(!manager_journal_is_running(m));
+ log_open();
+}
+
+static ShowStatus manager_get_show_status(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ return _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID;
+
+ if (m->show_status_overridden != _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID)
+ return m->show_status_overridden;
+
+ return m->show_status;
+}
+
+bool manager_get_show_status_on(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ return show_status_on(manager_get_show_status(m));
+}
+
+static void set_show_status_marker(bool b) {
+ if (b)
+ (void) touch("/run/systemd/show-status");
+ else
+ (void) unlink("/run/systemd/show-status");
+}
+
+void manager_set_show_status(Manager *m, ShowStatus mode, const char *reason) {
+ assert(m);
+ assert(reason);
+ assert(mode >= 0 && mode < _SHOW_STATUS_MAX);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (mode == m->show_status)
+ return;
+
+ if (m->show_status_overridden == _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID) {
+ bool enabled;
+
+ enabled = show_status_on(mode);
+ log_debug("%s (%s) showing of status (%s).",
+ enabled ? "Enabling" : "Disabling",
+ strna(show_status_to_string(mode)),
+ reason);
+
+ set_show_status_marker(enabled);
+ }
+
+ m->show_status = mode;
+}
+
+void manager_override_show_status(Manager *m, ShowStatus mode, const char *reason) {
+ assert(m);
+ assert(mode < _SHOW_STATUS_MAX);
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (mode == m->show_status_overridden)
+ return;
+
+ m->show_status_overridden = mode;
+
+ if (mode == _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID)
+ mode = m->show_status;
+
+ log_debug("%s (%s) showing of status (%s).",
+ m->show_status_overridden != _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID ? "Overriding" : "Restoring",
+ strna(show_status_to_string(mode)),
+ reason);
+
+ set_show_status_marker(show_status_on(mode));
+}
+
+const char *manager_get_confirm_spawn(Manager *m) {
+ static int last_errno = 0;
+ struct stat st;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Here's the deal: we want to test the validity of the console but don't want
+ * PID1 to go through the whole console process which might block. But we also
+ * want to warn the user only once if something is wrong with the console so we
+ * cannot do the sanity checks after spawning our children. So here we simply do
+ * really basic tests to hopefully trap common errors.
+ *
+ * If the console suddenly disappear at the time our children will really it
+ * then they will simply fail to acquire it and a positive answer will be
+ * assumed. New children will fall back to /dev/console though.
+ *
+ * Note: TTYs are devices that can come and go any time, and frequently aren't
+ * available yet during early boot (consider a USB rs232 dongle...). If for any
+ * reason the configured console is not ready, we fall back to the default
+ * console. */
+
+ if (!m->confirm_spawn || path_equal(m->confirm_spawn, "/dev/console"))
+ return m->confirm_spawn;
+
+ if (stat(m->confirm_spawn, &st) < 0) {
+ r = -errno;
+ goto fail;
+ }
+
+ if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
+ r = -ENOTTY;
+ goto fail;
+ }
+
+ last_errno = 0;
+ return m->confirm_spawn;
+
+fail:
+ if (last_errno != r)
+ last_errno = log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to open %s, using default console: %m", m->confirm_spawn);
+
+ return "/dev/console";
+}
+
+void manager_set_first_boot(Manager *m, bool b) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ return;
+
+ if (m->first_boot != (int) b) {
+ if (b)
+ (void) touch("/run/systemd/first-boot");
+ else
+ (void) unlink("/run/systemd/first-boot");
+ }
+
+ m->first_boot = b;
+}
+
+void manager_disable_confirm_spawn(void) {
+ (void) touch("/run/systemd/confirm_spawn_disabled");
+}
+
+bool manager_is_confirm_spawn_disabled(Manager *m) {
+ if (!m->confirm_spawn)
+ return true;
+
+ return access("/run/systemd/confirm_spawn_disabled", F_OK) >= 0;
+}
+
+static bool manager_should_show_status(Manager *m, StatusType type) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
+ return false;
+
+ if (m->no_console_output)
+ return false;
+
+ if (!IN_SET(manager_state(m), MANAGER_INITIALIZING, MANAGER_STARTING, MANAGER_STOPPING))
+ return false;
+
+ /* If we cannot find out the status properly, just proceed. */
+ if (type != STATUS_TYPE_EMERGENCY && manager_check_ask_password(m) > 0)
+ return false;
+
+ if (type == STATUS_TYPE_NOTICE && m->show_status != SHOW_STATUS_NO)
+ return true;
+
+ return manager_get_show_status_on(m);
+}
+
+void manager_status_printf(Manager *m, StatusType type, const char *status, const char *format, ...) {
+ va_list ap;
+
+ /* If m is NULL, assume we're after shutdown and let the messages through. */
+
+ if (m && !manager_should_show_status(m, type))
+ return;
+
+ /* XXX We should totally drop the check for ephemeral here
+ * and thus effectively make 'Type=idle' pointless. */
+ if (type == STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL && m && m->n_on_console > 0)
+ return;
+
+ va_start(ap, format);
+ status_vprintf(status, SHOW_STATUS_ELLIPSIZE|(type == STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL ? SHOW_STATUS_EPHEMERAL : 0), format, ap);
+ va_end(ap);
+}
+
+Set* manager_get_units_requiring_mounts_for(Manager *m, const char *path) {
+ assert(m);
+ assert(path);
+
+ if (path_equal(path, "/"))
+ path = "";
+
+ return hashmap_get(m->units_requiring_mounts_for, path);
+}
+
+int manager_update_failed_units(Manager *m, Unit *u, bool failed) {
+ unsigned size;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(u->manager == m);
+
+ size = set_size(m->failed_units);
+
+ if (failed) {
+ r = set_ensure_put(&m->failed_units, NULL, u);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+ } else
+ (void) set_remove(m->failed_units, u);
+
+ if (set_size(m->failed_units) != size)
+ bus_manager_send_change_signal(m);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+ManagerState manager_state(Manager *m) {
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Is the special shutdown target active or queued? If so, we are in shutdown state */
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET);
+ if (u && unit_active_or_pending(u))
+ return MANAGER_STOPPING;
+
+ /* Did we ever finish booting? If not then we are still starting up */
+ if (!MANAGER_IS_FINISHED(m)) {
+
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_BASIC_TARGET);
+ if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u)))
+ return MANAGER_INITIALIZING;
+
+ return MANAGER_STARTING;
+ }
+
+ if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
+ /* Are the rescue or emergency targets active or queued? If so we are in maintenance state */
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET);
+ if (u && unit_active_or_pending(u))
+ return MANAGER_MAINTENANCE;
+
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET);
+ if (u && unit_active_or_pending(u))
+ return MANAGER_MAINTENANCE;
+ }
+
+ /* Are there any failed units? If so, we are in degraded mode */
+ if (set_size(m->failed_units) > 0)
+ return MANAGER_DEGRADED;
+
+ return MANAGER_RUNNING;
+}
+
+static void manager_unref_uid_internal(
+ Hashmap *uid_refs,
+ uid_t uid,
+ bool destroy_now,
+ int (*_clean_ipc)(uid_t uid)) {
+
+ uint32_t c, n;
+
+ assert(uid_is_valid(uid));
+ assert(_clean_ipc);
+
+ /* A generic implementation, covering both manager_unref_uid() and manager_unref_gid(), under the
+ * assumption that uid_t and gid_t are actually defined the same way, with the same validity rules.
+ *
+ * We store a hashmap where the key is the UID/GID and the value is a 32bit reference counter, whose
+ * highest bit is used as flag for marking UIDs/GIDs whose IPC objects to remove when the last
+ * reference to the UID/GID is dropped. The flag is set to on, once at least one reference from a
+ * unit where RemoveIPC= is set is added on a UID/GID. It is reset when the UID's/GID's reference
+ * counter drops to 0 again. */
+
+ assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
+ assert_cc(UID_INVALID == (uid_t) GID_INVALID);
+
+ if (uid == 0) /* We don't keep track of root, and will never destroy it */
+ return;
+
+ c = PTR_TO_UINT32(hashmap_get(uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid)));
+
+ n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
+ assert(n > 0);
+ n--;
+
+ if (destroy_now && n == 0) {
+ hashmap_remove(uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid));
+
+ if (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) {
+ log_debug("%s " UID_FMT " is no longer referenced, cleaning up its IPC.",
+ _clean_ipc == clean_ipc_by_uid ? "UID" : "GID",
+ uid);
+ (void) _clean_ipc(uid);
+ }
+ } else {
+ c = n | (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG);
+ assert_se(hashmap_update(uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid), UINT32_TO_PTR(c)) >= 0);
+ }
+}
+
+void manager_unref_uid(Manager *m, uid_t uid, bool destroy_now) {
+ manager_unref_uid_internal(m->uid_refs, uid, destroy_now, clean_ipc_by_uid);
+}
+
+void manager_unref_gid(Manager *m, gid_t gid, bool destroy_now) {
+ manager_unref_uid_internal(m->gid_refs, (uid_t) gid, destroy_now, clean_ipc_by_gid);
+}
+
+static int manager_ref_uid_internal(
+ Hashmap **uid_refs,
+ uid_t uid,
+ bool clean_ipc) {
+
+ uint32_t c, n;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(uid_refs);
+ assert(uid_is_valid(uid));
+
+ /* A generic implementation, covering both manager_ref_uid() and manager_ref_gid(), under the
+ * assumption that uid_t and gid_t are actually defined the same way, with the same validity
+ * rules. */
+
+ assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
+ assert_cc(UID_INVALID == (uid_t) GID_INVALID);
+
+ if (uid == 0) /* We don't keep track of root, and will never destroy it */
+ return 0;
+
+ r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(uid_refs, &trivial_hash_ops);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ c = PTR_TO_UINT32(hashmap_get(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid)));
+
+ n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
+ n++;
+
+ if (n & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) /* check for overflow */
+ return -EOVERFLOW;
+
+ c = n | (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) | (clean_ipc ? DESTROY_IPC_FLAG : 0);
+
+ return hashmap_replace(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid), UINT32_TO_PTR(c));
+}
+
+int manager_ref_uid(Manager *m, uid_t uid, bool clean_ipc) {
+ return manager_ref_uid_internal(&m->uid_refs, uid, clean_ipc);
+}
+
+int manager_ref_gid(Manager *m, gid_t gid, bool clean_ipc) {
+ return manager_ref_uid_internal(&m->gid_refs, (uid_t) gid, clean_ipc);
+}
+
+static void manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(
+ Hashmap *uid_refs,
+ int (*_clean_ipc)(uid_t uid)) {
+
+ void *p, *k;
+
+ assert(_clean_ipc);
+
+ HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(p, k, uid_refs) {
+ uint32_t c, n;
+ uid_t uid;
+
+ uid = PTR_TO_UID(k);
+ c = PTR_TO_UINT32(p);
+
+ n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
+ if (n > 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) {
+ log_debug("Found unreferenced %s " UID_FMT " after reload/reexec. Cleaning up.",
+ _clean_ipc == clean_ipc_by_uid ? "UID" : "GID",
+ uid);
+ (void) _clean_ipc(uid);
+ }
+
+ assert_se(hashmap_remove(uid_refs, k) == p);
+ }
+}
+
+static void manager_vacuum_uid_refs(Manager *m) {
+ manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(m->uid_refs, clean_ipc_by_uid);
+}
+
+static void manager_vacuum_gid_refs(Manager *m) {
+ manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(m->gid_refs, clean_ipc_by_gid);
+}
+
+static void manager_vacuum(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ /* Release any dynamic users no longer referenced */
+ dynamic_user_vacuum(m, true);
+
+ /* Release any references to UIDs/GIDs no longer referenced, and destroy any IPC owned by them */
+ manager_vacuum_uid_refs(m);
+ manager_vacuum_gid_refs(m);
+
+ /* Release any runtimes no longer referenced */
+ exec_runtime_vacuum(m);
+}
+
+int manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
+ struct buffer {
+ uid_t uid;
+ gid_t gid;
+ char unit_name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+1];
+ } _packed_ buffer;
+
+ Manager *m = userdata;
+ ssize_t l;
+ size_t n;
+ Unit *u;
+
+ assert_se(source);
+ assert_se(m);
+
+ /* Invoked whenever a child process succeeded resolving its user/group to use and sent us the
+ * resulting UID/GID in a datagram. We parse the datagram here and pass it off to the unit, so that
+ * it can add a reference to the UID/GID so that it can destroy the UID/GID's IPC objects when the
+ * reference counter drops to 0. */
+
+ l = recv(fd, &buffer, sizeof(buffer), MSG_DONTWAIT);
+ if (l < 0) {
+ if (ERRNO_IS_TRANSIENT(errno))
+ return 0;
+
+ return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read from user lookup fd: %m");
+ }
+
+ if ((size_t) l <= offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name)) {
+ log_warning("Received too short user lookup message, ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if ((size_t) l > offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name) + UNIT_NAME_MAX) {
+ log_warning("Received too long user lookup message, ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if (!uid_is_valid(buffer.uid) && !gid_is_valid(buffer.gid)) {
+ log_warning("Got user lookup message with invalid UID/GID pair, ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ n = (size_t) l - offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name);
+ if (memchr(buffer.unit_name, 0, n)) {
+ log_warning("Received lookup message with embedded NUL character, ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ buffer.unit_name[n] = 0;
+ u = manager_get_unit(m, buffer.unit_name);
+ if (!u) {
+ log_debug("Got user lookup message but unit doesn't exist, ignoring.");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ log_unit_debug(u, "User lookup succeeded: uid=" UID_FMT " gid=" GID_FMT, buffer.uid, buffer.gid);
+
+ unit_notify_user_lookup(u, buffer.uid, buffer.gid);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int short_uid_range(const char *path) {
+ _cleanup_(uid_range_freep) UidRange *p = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(path);
+
+ /* Taint systemd if we the UID range assigned to this environment doesn't at least cover 0…65534,
+ * i.e. from root to nobody. */
+
+ r = uid_range_load_userns(&p, path);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ if (ERRNO_IS_NOT_SUPPORTED(r))
+ return false;
+ return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to load %s: %m", path);
+ }
+
+ return !uid_range_covers(p, 0, 65535);
+}
+
+char* manager_taint_string(const Manager *m) {
+ /* Returns a "taint string", e.g. "local-hwclock:var-run-bad". Only things that are detected at
+ * runtime should be tagged here. For stuff that is known during compilation, emit a warning in the
+ * configuration phase. */
+
+ assert(m);
+
+ const char* stage[13] = {};
+ size_t n = 0;
+
+ if (m->taint_usr)
+ stage[n++] = "split-usr";
+
+ _cleanup_free_ char *usrbin = NULL;
+ if (readlink_malloc("/bin", &usrbin) < 0 || !PATH_IN_SET(usrbin, "usr/bin", "/usr/bin"))
+ stage[n++] = "unmerged-usr";
+
+ if (access("/proc/cgroups", F_OK) < 0)
+ stage[n++] = "cgroups-missing";
+
+ if (cg_all_unified() == 0)
+ stage[n++] = "cgroupsv1";
+
+ if (clock_is_localtime(NULL) > 0)
+ stage[n++] = "local-hwclock";
+
+ if (os_release_support_ended(NULL, true) > 0)
+ stage[n++] = "support-ended";
+
+ _cleanup_free_ char *destination = NULL;
+ if (readlink_malloc("/var/run", &destination) < 0 ||
+ !PATH_IN_SET(destination, "../run", "/run"))
+ stage[n++] = "var-run-bad";
+
+ _cleanup_free_ char *overflowuid = NULL, *overflowgid = NULL;
+ if (read_one_line_file("/proc/sys/kernel/overflowuid", &overflowuid) >= 0 &&
+ !streq(overflowuid, "65534"))
+ stage[n++] = "overflowuid-not-65534";
+ if (read_one_line_file("/proc/sys/kernel/overflowgid", &overflowgid) >= 0 &&
+ !streq(overflowgid, "65534"))
+ stage[n++] = "overflowgid-not-65534";
+
+ struct utsname uts;
+ assert_se(uname(&uts) >= 0);
+ if (strverscmp_improved(uts.release, KERNEL_BASELINE_VERSION) < 0)
+ stage[n++] = "old-kernel";
+
+ if (short_uid_range("/proc/self/uid_map") > 0)
+ stage[n++] = "short-uid-range";
+ if (short_uid_range("/proc/self/gid_map") > 0)
+ stage[n++] = "short-gid-range";
+
+ assert(n < ELEMENTSOF(stage) - 1); /* One extra for NULL terminator */
+
+ return strv_join((char**) stage, ":");
+}
+
+void manager_ref_console(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ m->n_on_console++;
+}
+
+void manager_unref_console(Manager *m) {
+
+ assert(m->n_on_console > 0);
+ m->n_on_console--;
+
+ if (m->n_on_console == 0)
+ m->no_console_output = false; /* unset no_console_output flag, since the console is definitely free now */
+}
+
+void manager_override_log_level(Manager *m, int level) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (!m->log_level_overridden) {
+ m->original_log_level = log_get_max_level();
+ m->log_level_overridden = true;
+ }
+
+ (void) log_level_to_string_alloc(level, &s);
+ log_info("Setting log level to %s.", strna(s));
+
+ log_set_max_level(level);
+}
+
+void manager_restore_original_log_level(Manager *m) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (!m->log_level_overridden)
+ return;
+
+ (void) log_level_to_string_alloc(m->original_log_level, &s);
+ log_info("Restoring log level to original (%s).", strna(s));
+
+ log_set_max_level(m->original_log_level);
+ m->log_level_overridden = false;
+}
+
+void manager_override_log_target(Manager *m, LogTarget target) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (!m->log_target_overridden) {
+ m->original_log_target = log_get_target();
+ m->log_target_overridden = true;
+ }
+
+ log_info("Setting log target to %s.", log_target_to_string(target));
+ log_set_target(target);
+}
+
+void manager_restore_original_log_target(Manager *m) {
+ assert(m);
+
+ if (!m->log_target_overridden)
+ return;
+
+ log_info("Restoring log target to original %s.", log_target_to_string(m->original_log_target));
+
+ log_set_target(m->original_log_target);
+ m->log_target_overridden = false;
+}
+
+ManagerTimestamp manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(ManagerTimestamp s) {
+ if (in_initrd() &&
+ s >= MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_START &&
+ s <= MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_FINISH)
+ return s - MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_START + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_SECURITY_START;
+ return s;
+}
+
+static const char *const manager_state_table[_MANAGER_STATE_MAX] = {
+ [MANAGER_INITIALIZING] = "initializing",
+ [MANAGER_STARTING] = "starting",
+ [MANAGER_RUNNING] = "running",
+ [MANAGER_DEGRADED] = "degraded",
+ [MANAGER_MAINTENANCE] = "maintenance",
+ [MANAGER_STOPPING] = "stopping",
+};
+
+DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_state, ManagerState);
+
+static const char *const manager_timestamp_table[_MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_MAX] = {
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE] = "firmware",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER] = "loader",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL] = "kernel",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD] = "initrd",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE] = "userspace",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH] = "finish",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_START] = "security-start",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_FINISH] = "security-finish",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_GENERATORS_START] = "generators-start",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_GENERATORS_FINISH] = "generators-finish",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_START] = "units-load-start",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_FINISH] = "units-load-finish",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD] = "units-load",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_SECURITY_START] = "initrd-security-start",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_SECURITY_FINISH] = "initrd-security-finish",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_GENERATORS_START] = "initrd-generators-start",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_GENERATORS_FINISH] = "initrd-generators-finish",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_UNITS_LOAD_START] = "initrd-units-load-start",
+ [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_UNITS_LOAD_FINISH] = "initrd-units-load-finish",
+};
+
+DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_timestamp, ManagerTimestamp);
+
+static const char* const oom_policy_table[_OOM_POLICY_MAX] = {
+ [OOM_CONTINUE] = "continue",
+ [OOM_STOP] = "stop",
+ [OOM_KILL] = "kill",
+};
+
+DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(oom_policy, OOMPolicy);