[
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/ba" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo/bar" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": "example.com" } },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": { "0": "https" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo/bar/baz" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "example.com", "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": "example.com" } },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "example.com", "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": "example.com" } },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": { "0": "https" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "example.com", "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "https", "hostname": "example.com",
                 "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "https", "hostname": "example.com",
                 "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "https", "hostname": "example.com",
                 "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "https", "hostname": "example.com",
                 "pathname": "/foo/bar", "search": "otherquery",
                 "hash": "otherhash" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "https", "hostname": "example.com",
                 "pathname": "/foo/bar", "search": "otherquery",
                 "hash": "otherhash" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?otherquery#otherhash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "https", "hostname": "example.com",
                 "pathname": "/foo/bar", "search": "otherquery",
                 "hash": "otherhash" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "hash": { "input": "otherhash", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "otherquery", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo/bar" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo/bar?otherquery#otherhash" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo/bar?query#hash" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "hash": { "input": "hash", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "query", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo/bar/baz" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://other.com/foo/bar" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [ "http://other.com/foo/bar" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "hash": { "input": "hash", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "query", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar", "baseURL": "https://other.com" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com?query#hash" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar", "baseURL": "http://example.com" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "bar": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/([^\\/]+?)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/index.html" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/index.html", "groups": { "bar": "index.html" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "0": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "0": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "0": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "0": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "bar": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "bar": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "bar": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "bar": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "bar": null } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "bar": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "bar": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "bar": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "bar": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "bar": null } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/:bar*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*?"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*?"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "0": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "0": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*?"
    },
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "0": null } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "0": null } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*?"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "0": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "0": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*?"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/fo" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*?"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/fo" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*+"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*+"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "0": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "0": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*+"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*+"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "0": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "0": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*+"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/fo" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/*+"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/*+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/fo" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/**"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/**" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/**"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "0": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/**" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/baz", "groups": { "0": "bar/baz" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/**"
    },
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "0": null } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/**" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "0": null } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/**"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "0": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/**" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/", "groups": { "0": "" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/**"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/**" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foobar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/(.*)*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/fo" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/**"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/**" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/fo" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/baz" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo{/bar}*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "(café)" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "username": "(café)" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "password": "(café)" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "(café)" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "(café)" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "search": "(café)" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hash": "(café)" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": ":café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "café": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "username": ":café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "username": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "username": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "café": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "password": ":café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "password": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "password": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "café": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": ":café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "café": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/:café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "café": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "search": ":café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "search": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "café": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hash": ":café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hash": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hash": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "café": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": ":\u2118" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u2118": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "username": ":\u2118" }],
    "inputs": [{ "username": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "username": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u2118": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "password": ":\u2118" }],
    "inputs": [{ "password": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "password": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u2118": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": ":\u2118" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u2118": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/:\u2118" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "\u2118": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "search": ":\u2118" }],
    "inputs": [{ "search": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u2118": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hash": ":\u2118" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hash": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hash": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u2118": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": ":\u3400" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u3400": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "username": ":\u3400" }],
    "inputs": [{ "username": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "username": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u3400": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "password": ":\u3400" }],
    "inputs": [{ "password": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "password": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u3400": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": ":\u3400" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u3400": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/:\u3400" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "\u3400": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "search": ":\u3400" }],
    "inputs": [{ "search": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u3400": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hash": ":\u3400" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hash": "foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hash": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "\u3400": "foo" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol" : "café" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "*"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "cafe" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "*"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "cafe", "groups": { "0": "cafe" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "foo-bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "foo-bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "foo-bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "username": "caf%C3%A9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "username" : "café" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "username": { "input": "caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "username": "café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "username" : "café" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "username": "caf%C3%A9"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "username": { "input": "caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "username": "caf%c3%a9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "username" : "café" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "password": "caf%C3%A9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "password" : "café" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "password": { "input": "caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "password": "café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "password" : "café" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "password": "caf%C3%A9"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "password": { "input": "caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "password": "caf%c3%a9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "password" : "café" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "xn--caf-dma.com" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname" : "café.com" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "xn--caf-dma.com", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "café.com" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname" : "café.com" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "hostname": "xn--caf-dma.com"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "xn--caf-dma.com", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "port": "" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "port" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "http", "groups": { "0": "http" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "port" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "http", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80{20}?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80 " }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "port": "80" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "http{s}?", "port": "80" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "http", "port": "80" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "port": "80" }],
    "inputs": [{ "port": "80" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "port": { "input": "80", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "port": "(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "port": "invalid80" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "port": "*"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/./bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/baz" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar/../baz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/baz", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/caf%C3%A9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/café" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/café" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/caf%C3%A9"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/caf%c3%a9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/café" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": { "0": "https" }},
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": "example.com" }},
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/../bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/bar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/bar", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "./foo/bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {}},
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {}},
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{/bar}", "baseURL": "https://example.com/foo/" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "./bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com/foo/" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "\\/bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com/foo/" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "./bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com/foo/" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "b", "baseURL": "https://example.com/foo/" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "./b", "baseURL": "https://example.com/foo/" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/b"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {}},
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/b", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo/bar" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo/bar" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {}},
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":name.html", "baseURL": "https://example.com" }],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo.html"] ,
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/:name.html"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {}},
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo.html", "groups": { "name": "foo" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "search": "q=caf%C3%A9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "search": "q=café" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "search": { "input": "q=caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "search": "q=café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "search": "q=café" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "search": "q=caf%C3%A9"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "search": { "input": "q=caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "search": "q=caf%c3%a9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "search": "q=café" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hash": "caf%C3%A9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hash": "café" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hash": { "input": "caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hash": "café" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hash": "café" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "hash": "caf%C3%A9"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "hash": { "input": "caf%C3%A9", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hash": "caf%c3%a9" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hash": "café" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "about", "pathname": "(blank|sourcedoc)" }],
    "inputs": [ "about:blank" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "about", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "blank", "groups": { "0": "blank" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "data", "pathname": ":number([0-9]+)" }],
    "inputs": [ "data:8675309" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "data", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "8675309", "groups": { "number": "8675309" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/(\\m)" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo!" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo!" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo!", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo\\:" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo:" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo:", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo\\{" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo{" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo%7B"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo%7B", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo\\(" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo(" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo(", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "javascript", "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "javascript", "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "javascript", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "var x = 1;", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "javascript", "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "var%20x%20=%201;"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "javascript", "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "inputs": [{ "baseURL": "javascript:var x = 1;" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "javascript", "groups": {}},
      "pathname": { "input": "var x = 1;", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "(data|javascript)", "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "javascript", "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "javascript", "groups": {"0": "javascript"}},
      "pathname": { "input": "var x = 1;", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "(https|javascript)", "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "javascript", "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "var%20x%20=%201;"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "var x = 1;" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "var%20x%20=%201;"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "var%20x%20=%201;", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [ "./foo/bar", "https://example.com" ],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": "example.com" } },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": { "0": "https" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }],
    "inputs": [ { "pathname": "/foo/bar" }, "https://example.com" ],
    "expected_match": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com:8080/foo?bar#baz" ],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo", "search": "bar", "hash": "baz",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com:8080" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "port": "8080",
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "search": "bar",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "port": { "input": "8080", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "baz", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "/foo?bar#baz", "https://example.com:8080" ],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/foo", "search": "bar", "hash": "baz",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com:8080" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "search": "bar",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "port": { "input": "8080", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "baz", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "/foo" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "example.com/foo" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "http{s}?://{*.}?example.com/:product/:endpoint" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://sub.example.com/foo/bar" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "http{s}?",
      "hostname": "{*.}?example.com",
      "pathname": "/:product/:endpoint"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "sub.example.com", "groups": { "0": "sub" } },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": { "product": "foo",
                                                     "endpoint": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/",
      "search": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com#foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/#foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/",
      "hash": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com:8080?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com:8080/?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "port": "8080",
      "pathname": "/",
      "search": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "port": { "input": "8080", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com:8080#foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com:8080/#foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "search" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "port": "8080",
      "pathname": "/",
      "hash": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "port": { "input": "8080", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/",
      "search": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/#foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/#foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/",
      "hash": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/*?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/*?foo"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/*\\?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/*",
      "search": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": { "0": "" } },
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/:name?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/bar?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/:name?foo"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/:name\\?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/bar?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/:name",
      "search": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/bar", "groups": { "name": "bar" } },
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/(bar)?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/bar?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/(bar)?foo"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/(bar)\\?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/bar?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/(bar)",
      "search": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/bar", "groups": { "0": "bar" } },
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/{bar}?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/bar?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/{bar}?foo"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/{bar}\\?foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/bar?foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/bar",
      "search": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/bar", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com:8080/" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "port": "",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "data:foobar" ],
    "inputs": [ "data:foobar" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "data\\:foobar" ],
    "inputs": [ "data:foobar" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "hostname", "port",
                                  "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "data",
      "pathname": "foobar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "data", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://{sub.}?example.com/foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "{sub.}?example.com",
      "pathname": "/foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://{sub.}?example{.com/}foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "{https://}example.com/foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://(sub.)?example.com/foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "(sub.)?example.com",
      "pathname": "/foo"
    },
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": null } },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://(sub.)?example(.com/)foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "(sub.)?example(.com/)foo",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "(https://)example.com/foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://{sub{.}}example.com/foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://(sub(?:.))?example.com/foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "(sub(?:.))?example.com",
      "pathname": "/foo"
    },
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": null } },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "file:///foo/bar" ],
    "inputs": [ "file:///foo/bar" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "hostname", "port",
                                  "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "file",
      "pathname": "/foo/bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "file", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo/bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "data:" ],
    "inputs": [ "data:" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "hostname", "port",
                                  "pathname", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "data"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "data", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "foo://bar" ],
    "inputs": [ "foo://bad_url_browser_interop" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "pathname",
                                  "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "foo",
      "hostname": "bar"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "(café)://foo" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com/foo?bar#baz" ],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "https:",
                 "search": "?bar",
                 "hash": "#baz",
                 "baseURL": "http://example.com/foo" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "search": "bar",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "baz", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": "http{s}?:",
                  "search": "?bar",
                  "hash": "#baz" }],
    "inputs": [ "http://example.com/foo?bar#baz" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "http{s}?",
      "search": "bar",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "http", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": "example.com" }},
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": { "0": "/foo" }},
      "search": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "baz", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "?bar#baz", "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "?bar#baz", "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "search": "bar",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "baz", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "?bar", "https://example.com/foo#baz" ],
    "inputs": [ "?bar", "https://example.com/foo#snafu" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "search": "bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "#baz", "https://example.com/foo?bar" ],
    "inputs": [ "#baz", "https://example.com/foo?bar" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "search": "bar",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "baz", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "#baz", "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "inputs": [ "#baz", "https://example.com/foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/foo", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "baz", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "*" }],
    "inputs": [ "foo", "data:data-urls-cannot-be-base-urls" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "*" }],
    "inputs": [ "foo", "not|a|valid|url" ],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://foo\\:bar@example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://foo:bar@example.com" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "port", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "username": "foo",
      "password": "bar",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "username": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} },
      "password": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://foo@example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://foo@example.com" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "password", "port", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "username": "foo",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "username": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://\\:bar@example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://:bar@example.com" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "port", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "password": "bar",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "password": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://:user::pass@example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://foo:bar@example.com" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "port", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "username": ":user",
      "password": ":pass",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "username": { "input": "foo", "groups": { "user": "foo" } },
      "password": { "input": "bar", "groups": { "pass": "bar" } },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https\\:foo\\:bar@example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https:foo:bar@example.com" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "port", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "username": "foo",
      "password": "bar",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "username": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} },
      "password": { "input": "bar", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "data\\:foo\\:bar@example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "data:foo:bar@example.com" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "hostname", "port",
                                  "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "data",
      "pathname": "foo\\:bar@example.com"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "data", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "foo:bar@example.com", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://foo{\\:}bar@example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://foo:bar@example.com" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "password", "port", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "username": "foo%3Abar",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "data{\\:}channel.html", "https://example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/data:channel.html" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "pathname": "/data\\:channel.html"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/data:channel.html", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "http://[\\:\\:1]/" ],
    "inputs": [ "http://[::1]/" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "http",
      "hostname": "[\\:\\:1]",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "http", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "[::1]", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "http://[\\:\\:1]:8080/" ],
    "inputs": [ "http://[::1]:8080/" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "http",
      "hostname": "[\\:\\:1]",
      "port": "8080",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "http", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "[::1]", "groups": {} },
      "port": { "input": "8080", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "http://[\\:\\:a]/" ],
    "inputs": [ "http://[::a]/" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "http",
      "hostname": "[\\:\\:a]",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "http", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "[::a]", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "http://[:address]/" ],
    "inputs": [ "http://[::1]/" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "http",
      "hostname": "[:address]",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "http", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "[::1]", "groups": { "address": "::1" }},
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "http://[\\:\\:AB\\::num]/" ],
    "inputs": [ "http://[::ab:1]/" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "search",
                                  "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "http",
      "hostname": "[\\:\\:ab\\::num]",
      "pathname": "/"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "http", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "[::ab:1]", "groups": { "num": "1" }},
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "[\\:\\:AB\\::num]" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "[::ab:1]" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "hostname": "[\\:\\:ab\\::num]"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "[::ab:1]", "groups": { "num": "1" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "[\\:\\:xY\\::num]" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "{[\\:\\:ab\\::num]}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "[::ab:1]" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "[::ab:1]", "groups": { "num": "1" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "{[\\:\\:fé\\::num]}" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "{[\\:\\::num\\:1]}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "[::ab:1]" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "[::ab:1]", "groups": { "num": "ab" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "{[\\:\\::num\\:fé]}" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "[*\\:1]" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hostname": "[::ab:1]" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "[::ab:1]", "groups": { "0": "::ab" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "*\\:1]" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://foo{{@}}example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://foo@example.com" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://foo{@example.com" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://foo@example.com" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "data\\:text/javascript,let x = 100/:tens?5;" ],
    "inputs": [ "data:text/javascript,let x = 100/5;" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "hostname", "port",
                                  "search", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "data",
      "pathname": "text/javascript,let x = 100/:tens?5;"
    },
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "data", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "text/javascript,let x = 100/5;", "groups": { "tens": null } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/:id/:id" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo", "baseURL": "" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "/foo", "" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo" }, "https://example.com" ],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":name*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "name": "foobar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":name+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "name": "foobar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":name" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "name": "foobar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": ":name*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "name": "foobar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": ":name+" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "name": "foobar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "protocol": ":name" }],
    "inputs": [{ "protocol": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "name": "foobar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad#hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad%hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad/hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad\\:hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad<hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad>hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad?hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad@hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad[hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad]hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad\\\\hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad^hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad|hostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad\nhostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad\rhostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hostname": "bad\thostname" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{}],
    "inputs": ["https://example.com/"],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": { "0": "https" }},
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": "example.com" }},
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": { "0": "/" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [],
    "inputs": ["https://example.com/"],
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": { "0": "https" }},
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": { "0": "example.com" }},
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": { "0": "/" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [],
    "inputs": [{}],
    "expected_match": {}
  },
  {
    "pattern": [],
    "inputs": [],
    "expected_match": { "inputs": [{}] }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "(foo)(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "0": "foo", "1": "barbaz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{(foo)bar}(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "0": "foo", "1": "baz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "(foo)?(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "(foo)?*"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "0": "foo", "1": "barbaz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo}(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "foo": "f", "0": "oobarbaz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo}(barbaz)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "foo": "foo", "0": "barbaz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo}{(.*)}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "{:foo}(.*)"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "foo": "f", "0": "oobarbaz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo}{(.*)bar}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": ":foo{*bar}"
    },
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo}{bar(.*)}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": ":foo{bar*}"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "foo": "foo", "0": "baz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo}:bar(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": ":foo:bar(.*)"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "foo": "f", "bar": "oobarbaz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo}?(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobarbaz" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": ":foo?*"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobarbaz", "groups": { "foo": "f", "0": "oobarbaz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo\\bar}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "foo": "foo" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo\\.bar}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foo.bar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "{:foo.bar}"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foo.bar", "groups": { "foo": "foo" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo(foo)bar}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "foo": "foo" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "{:foo}bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "foo": "foo" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":foo\\bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "{:foo}bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "foo": "foo" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":foo{}(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "{:foo}(.*)"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "foo": "f", "0": "oobar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":foo{}bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "{:foo}bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "foo": "foo" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":foo{}?bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "{:foo}bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "foo": "foo" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "*{}**?" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foobar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "*(.*)?"
    },
    "//": "The `null` below is translated to undefined in the test harness.",
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foobar", "groups": { "0": "foobar", "1": null }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":foo(baz)(.*)" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "bazbar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "bazbar", "groups": { "foo": "baz", "0": "bar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":foo(baz)bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "bazbar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "bazbar", "groups": { "foo": "baz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "*/*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "foo", "1": "bar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "*\\/*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "*/{*}"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "foo", "1": "bar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "*/{*}" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "foo/bar", "groups": { "0": "foo", "1": "bar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "*//*" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "foo/bar" }],
    "expected_match": null
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/:foo." }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/bar." }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/bar.", "groups": { "foo": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/:foo.." }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/bar.." }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/bar..", "groups": { "foo": "bar" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "./foo" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "./foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "./foo", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "../foo" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "../foo" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "../foo", "groups": {}}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":foo./" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "bar./" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "bar./", "groups": { "foo": "bar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": ":foo../" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "bar../" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "bar../", "groups": { "foo": "bar" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/:foo\\bar" }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/bazbar" }],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "{/:foo}bar"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/bazbar", "groups": { "foo": "baz" }}
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "pathname": "/foo/bar" }, { "ignoreCase": true }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/FOO/BAR" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/FOO/BAR", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "ignoreCase": true }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/FOO/BAR" }],
    "expected_match": {
      "pathname": { "input": "/FOO/BAR", "groups": { "0": "/FOO/BAR" } }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "https://example.com:8080/foo?bar#baz",
                 { "ignoreCase": true }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/FOO", "search": "BAR", "hash": "BAZ",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com:8080" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "port": "8080",
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "search": "bar",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "port": { "input": "8080", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/FOO", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "BAR", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "BAZ", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "/foo?bar#baz", "https://example.com:8080",
                 { "ignoreCase": true }],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/FOO", "search": "BAR", "hash": "BAZ",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com:8080" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "protocol": "https",
      "hostname": "example.com",
      "port": "8080",
      "pathname": "/foo",
      "search": "bar",
      "hash": "baz"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "port": { "input": "8080", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/FOO", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "BAR", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "BAZ", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "/foo?bar#baz", { "ignoreCase": true },
                 "https://example.com:8080" ],
    "inputs": [{ "pathname": "/FOO", "search": "BAR", "hash": "BAZ",
                 "baseURL": "https://example.com:8080" }],
    "expected_obj": "error"
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "search": "foo", "baseURL": "https://example.com/a/+/b" }],
    "inputs": [{ "search": "foo", "baseURL": "https://example.com/a/+/b" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port", "hash" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "pathname": "/a/\\+/b"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/a/+/b", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [{ "hash": "foo", "baseURL": "https://example.com/?q=*&v=?&hmm={}&umm=()" }],
    "inputs": [{ "hash": "foo", "baseURL": "https://example.com/?q=*&v=?&hmm={}&umm=()" }],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "search": "q=\\*&v=\\?&hmm=\\{\\}&umm=\\(\\)"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "q=*&v=?&hmm={}&umm=()", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  },
  {
    "pattern": [ "#foo", "https://example.com/?q=*&v=?&hmm={}&umm=()" ],
    "inputs": [ "https://example.com/?q=*&v=?&hmm={}&umm=()#foo" ],
    "exactly_empty_components": [ "username", "password", "port" ],
    "expected_obj": {
      "search": "q=\\*&v=\\?&hmm=\\{\\}&umm=\\(\\)",
      "hash": "foo"
    },
    "expected_match": {
      "hostname": { "input": "example.com", "groups": {} },
      "pathname": { "input": "/", "groups": {} },
      "protocol": { "input": "https", "groups": {} },
      "search": { "input": "q=*&v=?&hmm={}&umm=()", "groups": {} },
      "hash": { "input": "foo", "groups": {} }
    }
  }
]