diff options
Diffstat (limited to '')
| -rw-r--r-- | runtime/doc/vim.1 | 558 |
1 files changed, 558 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/runtime/doc/vim.1 b/runtime/doc/vim.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5613dd4 --- /dev/null +++ b/runtime/doc/vim.1 @@ -0,0 +1,558 @@ +.TH VIM 1 "2021 Jun 13" +.SH NAME +vim \- Vi IMproved, a programmer's text editor +.SH SYNOPSIS +.br +.B vim +[options] [file ..] +.br +.B vim +[options] \- +.br +.B vim +[options] \-t tag +.br +.B vim +[options] \-q [errorfile] +.PP +.br +.B ex +.br +.B view +.br +.B gvim +.B gview +.B evim +.B eview +.br +.B rvim +.B rview +.B rgvim +.B rgview +.SH DESCRIPTION +.B Vim +is a text editor that is upwards compatible to Vi. +It can be used to edit all kinds of plain text. +It is especially useful for editing programs. +.PP +There are a lot of enhancements above Vi: multi level undo, +multi windows and buffers, syntax highlighting, command line +editing, filename completion, on-line help, visual selection, etc.. +See ":help vi_diff.txt" for a summary of the differences between +.B Vim +and Vi. +.PP +While running +.B Vim +a lot of help can be obtained from the on-line help system, with the ":help" +command. +See the ON-LINE HELP section below. +.PP +Most often +.B Vim +is started to edit a single file with the command +.PP + vim file +.PP +More generally +.B Vim +is started with: +.PP + vim [options] [filelist] +.PP +If the filelist is missing, the editor will start with an empty buffer. +Otherwise exactly one out of the following four may be used to choose one or +more files to be edited. +.TP 12 +file .. +A list of filenames. +The first one will be the current file and read into the buffer. +The cursor will be positioned on the first line of the buffer. +You can get to the other files with the ":next" command. +To edit a file that starts with a dash, precede the filelist with "\-\-". +.TP +\- +The file to edit is read from stdin. Commands are read from stderr, which +should be a tty. +.TP +\-t {tag} +The file to edit and the initial cursor position depends on a "tag", a sort +of goto label. +{tag} is looked up in the tags file, the associated file becomes the current +file and the associated command is executed. +Mostly this is used for C programs, in which case {tag} could be a function +name. +The effect is that the file containing that function becomes the current file +and the cursor is positioned on the start of the function. +See ":help tag\-commands". +.TP +\-q [errorfile] +Start in quickFix mode. +The file [errorfile] is read and the first error is displayed. +If [errorfile] is omitted, the filename is obtained from the 'errorfile' +option (defaults to "AztecC.Err" for the Amiga, "errors.err" on other +systems). +Further errors can be jumped to with the ":cn" command. +See ":help quickfix". +.PP +.B Vim +behaves differently, depending on the name of the command (the executable may +still be the same file). +.TP 10 +vim +The "normal" way, everything is default. +.TP +ex +Start in Ex mode. +Go to Normal mode with the ":vi" command. +Can also be done with the "\-e" argument. +.TP +view +Start in read-only mode. You will be protected from writing the files. +Can also be done with the "\-R" argument. +.TP +gvim gview +The GUI version. +Starts a new window. +Can also be done with the "\-g" argument. +.TP +evim eview +The GUI version in easy mode. +Starts a new window. +Can also be done with the "\-y" argument. +.TP +rvim rview rgvim rgview +Like the above, but with restrictions. It will not be possible to start shell +commands, or suspend +.B Vim. +Can also be done with the "\-Z" argument. +.SH OPTIONS +The options may be given in any order, before or after filenames. +Options without an argument can be combined after a single dash. +.TP 12 ++[num] +For the first file the cursor will be positioned on line "num". +If "num" is missing, the cursor will be positioned on the last line. +.TP ++/{pat} +For the first file the cursor will be positioned in the line with the +first occurrence of {pat}. +See ":help search\-pattern" for the available search patterns. +.TP ++{command} +.TP +\-c {command} +{command} will be executed after the first file has been read. +{command} is interpreted as an Ex command. +If the {command} contains spaces it must be enclosed in double quotes (this +depends on the shell that is used). +Example: vim "+set si" main.c +.br +Note: You can use up to 10 "+" or "\-c" commands. +.TP +\-S {file} +{file} will be sourced after the first file has been read. +This is equivalent to \-c "source {file}". +{file} cannot start with '\-'. +If {file} is omitted "Session.vim" is used (only works when \-S is the last +argument). +.TP +\-\-cmd {command} +Like using "\-c", but the command is executed just before +processing any vimrc file. +You can use up to 10 of these commands, independently from "\-c" commands. +.TP +\-A +If +.B Vim +has been compiled with ARABIC support for editing right-to-left +oriented files and Arabic keyboard mapping, this option starts +.B Vim +in Arabic mode, i.e. 'arabic' is set. Otherwise an error +message is given and +.B Vim +aborts. +.TP +\-b +Binary mode. +A few options will be set that makes it possible to edit a binary or +executable file. +.TP +\-C +Compatible. Set the 'compatible' option. +This will make +.B Vim +behave mostly like Vi, even though a .vimrc file exists. +.TP +\-d +Start in diff mode. +There should between two to eight file name arguments. +.B Vim +will open all the files and show differences between them. +Works like vimdiff(1). +.TP +\-d {device} +Open {device} for use as a terminal. +Only on the Amiga. +Example: +"\-d con:20/30/600/150". +.TP +\-D +Debugging. Go to debugging mode when executing the first command from a +script. +.TP +\-e +Start +.B Vim +in Ex mode, just like the executable was called "ex". +.TP +\-E +Start +.B Vim +in improved Ex mode, just like the executable was called "exim". +.TP +\-f +Foreground. For the GUI version, +.B Vim +will not fork and detach from the shell it was started in. +On the Amiga, +.B Vim +is not restarted to open a new window. +This option should be used when +.B Vim +is executed by a program that will wait for the edit +session to finish (e.g. mail). +On the Amiga the ":sh" and ":!" commands will not work. +.TP +\-\-nofork +Foreground. For the GUI version, +.B Vim +will not fork and detach from the shell it was started in. +.TP +\-F +If +.B Vim +has been compiled with FKMAP support for editing right-to-left +oriented files and Farsi keyboard mapping, this option starts +.B Vim +in Farsi mode, i.e. 'fkmap' and 'rightleft' are set. +Otherwise an error message is given and +.B Vim +aborts. +.TP +\-g +If +.B Vim +has been compiled with GUI support, this option enables the GUI. +If no GUI support was compiled in, an error message is given and +.B Vim +aborts. +.TP +\-h +Give a bit of help about the command line arguments and options. +After this +.B Vim +exits. +.TP +\-H +If +.B Vim +has been compiled with RIGHTLEFT support for editing right-to-left +oriented files and Hebrew keyboard mapping, this option starts +.B Vim +in Hebrew mode, i.e. 'hkmap' and 'rightleft' are set. +Otherwise an error message is given and +.B Vim +aborts. +.TP +\-i {viminfo} +Specifies the filename to use when reading or writing the viminfo file, +instead of the default "~/.viminfo". +This can also be used to skip the use of the .viminfo file, by giving the name +"NONE". +.TP +\-L +Same as \-r. +.TP +\-l +Lisp mode. +Sets the 'lisp' and 'showmatch' options on. +.TP +\-m +Modifying files is disabled. +Resets the 'write' option. +You can still modify the buffer, but writing a file is not possible. +.TP +\-M +Modifications not allowed. The 'modifiable' and 'write' options will be unset, +so that changes are not allowed and files can not be written. Note that these +options can be set to enable making modifications. +.TP +\-N +No-compatible mode. Resets the 'compatible' option. +This will make +.B Vim +behave a bit better, but less Vi compatible, even though a .vimrc file does +not exist. +.TP +\-n +No swap file will be used. +Recovery after a crash will be impossible. +Handy if you want to edit a file on a very slow medium (e.g. floppy). +Can also be done with ":set uc=0". +Can be undone with ":set uc=200". +.TP +\-nb +Become an editor server for NetBeans. See the docs for details. +.TP +\-o[N] +Open N windows stacked. +When N is omitted, open one window for each file. +.TP +\-O[N] +Open N windows side by side. +When N is omitted, open one window for each file. +.TP +\-p[N] +Open N tab pages. +When N is omitted, open one tab page for each file. +.TP +\-R +Read-only mode. +The 'readonly' option will be set. +You can still edit the buffer, but will be prevented from accidentally +overwriting a file. +If you do want to overwrite a file, add an exclamation mark to the Ex command, +as in ":w!". +The \-R option also implies the \-n option (see above). +The 'readonly' option can be reset with ":set noro". +See ":help 'readonly'". +.TP +\-r +List swap files, with information about using them for recovery. +.TP +\-r {file} +Recovery mode. +The swap file is used to recover a crashed editing session. +The swap file is a file with the same filename as the text file with ".swp" +appended. +See ":help recovery". +.TP +\-s +Silent mode. Only when started as "Ex" or when the "\-e" option was given +before the "\-s" option. +.TP +\-s {scriptin} +The script file {scriptin} is read. +The characters in the file are interpreted as if you had typed them. +The same can be done with the command ":source! {scriptin}". +If the end of the file is reached before the editor exits, further characters +are read from the keyboard. +.TP +\-T {terminal} +Tells +.B Vim +the name of the terminal you are using. +Only required when the automatic way doesn't work. +Should be a terminal known to +.B Vim +(builtin) or defined in the termcap or terminfo file. +.TP +\-u {vimrc} +Use the commands in the file {vimrc} for initializations. +All the other initializations are skipped. +Use this to edit a special kind of files. +It can also be used to skip all initializations by giving the name "NONE". +See ":help initialization" within vim for more details. +.TP +\-U {gvimrc} +Use the commands in the file {gvimrc} for GUI initializations. +All the other GUI initializations are skipped. +It can also be used to skip all GUI initializations by giving the name "NONE". +See ":help gui\-init" within vim for more details. +.TP +\-V[N] +Verbose. Give messages about which files are sourced and for reading and +writing a viminfo file. The optional number N is the value for 'verbose'. +Default is 10. +.TP +\-v +Start +.B Vim +in Vi mode, just like the executable was called "vi". This only has effect +when the executable is called "ex". +.TP +\-w {scriptout} +All the characters that you type are recorded in the file +{scriptout}, until you exit +.B Vim. +This is useful if you want to create a script file to be used with "vim \-s" or +":source!". +If the {scriptout} file exists, characters are appended. +.TP +\-W {scriptout} +Like \-w, but an existing file is overwritten. +.TP +\-x +Use encryption when writing files. Will prompt for a crypt key. +.TP +\-X +Don't connect to the X server. Shortens startup time in a terminal, but the +window title and clipboard will not be used. +.TP +\-y +Start +.B Vim +in easy mode, just like the executable was called "evim" or "eview". +Makes +.B Vim +behave like a click-and-type editor. +.TP +\-Z +Restricted mode. Works like the executable starts with "r". +.TP +\-\- +Denotes the end of the options. +Arguments after this will be handled as a file name. +This can be used to edit a filename that starts with a '\-'. +.TP +\-\-clean +Do not use any personal configuration (vimrc, plugins, etc.). Useful to see if +a problem reproduces with a clean Vim setup. +.TP +\-\-echo\-wid +GTK GUI only: Echo the Window ID on stdout. +.TP +\-\-help +Give a help message and exit, just like "\-h". +.TP +\-\-literal +Take file name arguments literally, do not expand wildcards. This has no +effect on Unix where the shell expands wildcards. +.TP +\-\-noplugin +Skip loading plugins. Implied by \-u NONE. +.TP +\-\-remote +Connect to a Vim server and make it edit the files given in the rest of the +arguments. If no server is found a warning is given and the files are edited +in the current Vim. +.TP +\-\-remote\-expr {expr} +Connect to a Vim server, evaluate {expr} in it and print the result on stdout. +.TP +\-\-remote\-send {keys} +Connect to a Vim server and send {keys} to it. +.TP +\-\-remote\-silent +As \-\-remote, but without the warning when no server is found. +.TP +\-\-remote\-wait +As \-\-remote, but Vim does not exit until the files have been edited. +.TP +\-\-remote\-wait\-silent +As \-\-remote\-wait, but without the warning when no server is found. +.TP +\-\-serverlist +List the names of all Vim servers that can be found. +.TP +\-\-servername {name} +Use {name} as the server name. Used for the current Vim, unless used with a +\-\-remote argument, then it's the name of the server to connect to. +.TP +\-\-socketid {id} +GTK GUI only: Use the GtkPlug mechanism to run gvim in another window. +.TP +\-\-startuptime {file} +During startup write timing messages to the file {fname}. +.TP +\-\-version +Print version information and exit. +.SH ON-LINE HELP +Type ":help" in +.B Vim +to get started. +Type ":help subject" to get help on a specific subject. +For example: ":help ZZ" to get help for the "ZZ" command. +Use <Tab> and CTRL-D to complete subjects (":help cmdline\-completion"). +Tags are present to jump from one place to another (sort of hypertext links, +see ":help"). +All documentation files can be viewed in this way, for example +":help syntax.txt". +.SH FILES +.TP 15 +/usr/local/lib/vim/doc/*.txt +The +.B Vim +documentation files. +Use ":help doc\-file\-list" to get the complete list. +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/doc/tags +The tags file used for finding information in the documentation files. +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/syntax/syntax.vim +System wide syntax initializations. +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/syntax/*.vim +Syntax files for various languages. +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/vimrc +System wide +.B Vim +initializations. +.TP +~/.vimrc +Your personal +.B Vim +initializations. +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/gvimrc +System wide gvim initializations. +.TP +~/.gvimrc +Your personal gvim initializations. +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/optwin.vim +Script used for the ":options" command, a nice way to view and set options. +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/menu.vim +System wide menu initializations for gvim. +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/bugreport.vim +Script to generate a bug report. See ":help bugs". +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/filetype.vim +Script to detect the type of a file by its name. See ":help 'filetype'". +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/scripts.vim +Script to detect the type of a file by its contents. See ":help 'filetype'". +.TP +/usr/local/lib/vim/print/*.ps +Files used for PostScript printing. +.PP +For recent info read the VIM home page: +.br +<URL:http://www.vim.org/> +.SH SEE ALSO +vimtutor(1) +.SH AUTHOR +Most of +.B Vim +was made by Bram Moolenaar, with a lot of help from others. +See ":help credits" in +.B Vim. +.br +.B Vim +is based on Stevie, worked on by: Tim Thompson, +Tony Andrews and G.R. (Fred) Walter. +Although hardly any of the original code remains. +.SH BUGS +Probably. +See ":help todo" for a list of known problems. +.PP +Note that a number of things that may be regarded as bugs by some, are in fact +caused by a too-faithful reproduction of Vi's behaviour. +And if you think other things are bugs "because Vi does it differently", +you should take a closer look at the vi_diff.txt file (or type :help +vi_diff.txt when in Vim). +Also have a look at the 'compatible' and 'cpoptions' options. |