--- layout: docs title: Modal description: Use Bootstrap's JavaScript modal plugin to add dialogs to your site for lightboxes, user notifications, or completely custom content. group: components toc: true --- ## How it works Before getting started with Bootstrap's modal component, be sure to read the following as our menu options have recently changed. - Modals are built with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. They're positioned over everything else in the document and remove scroll from the `` so that modal content scrolls instead. - Clicking on the modal "backdrop" will automatically close the modal. - Bootstrap only supports one modal window at a time. Nested modals aren't supported as we believe them to be poor user experiences. - Modals use `position: fixed`, which can sometimes be a bit particular about its rendering. Whenever possible, place your modal HTML in a top-level position to avoid potential interference from other elements. You'll likely run into issues when nesting a `.modal` within another fixed element. - Once again, due to `position: fixed`, there are some caveats with using modals on mobile devices. [See our browser support docs]({{< docsref "/getting-started/browsers-devices#modals-and-dropdowns-on-mobile" >}}) for details. - Due to how HTML5 defines its semantics, [the `autofocus` HTML attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input#attr-autofocus) has no effect in Bootstrap modals. To achieve the same effect, use some custom JavaScript: ```js const myModal = document.getElementById('myModal') const myInput = document.getElementById('myInput') myModal.addEventListener('shown.bs.modal', () => { myInput.focus() }) ``` {{< callout info >}} {{< partial "callouts/info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}} {{< /callout >}} Keep reading for demos and usage guidelines. ## Examples ### Modal components Below is a _static_ modal example (meaning its `position` and `display` have been overridden). Included are the modal header, modal body (required for `padding`), and modal footer (optional). We ask that you include modal headers with dismiss actions whenever possible, or provide another explicit dismiss action.
Modal title

Modal body text goes here.

```html
Modal title

Modal body text goes here.

``` {{< callout info >}} In the above static example, we use `
`, to avoid issues with the heading hierarchy in the documentation page. Structurally, however, a modal dialog represents its own separate document/context, so the `.modal-title` should ideally be an `

`. If necessary, you can use the [font size utilities]({{< docsref "/utilities/text#font-size" >}}) to control the heading's appearance. All the following live examples use this approach. {{< /callout >}} ### Live demo Toggle a working modal demo by clicking the button below. It will slide down and fade in from the top of the page.
```html ``` ### Static backdrop When backdrop is set to static, the modal will not close when clicking outside of it. Click the button below to try it.
```html ``` ### Scrolling long content When modals become too long for the user's viewport or device, they scroll independent of the page itself. Try the demo below to see what we mean.
You can also create a scrollable modal that allows scroll the modal body by adding `.modal-dialog-scrollable` to `.modal-dialog`.
```html
...
``` ### Vertically centered Add `.modal-dialog-centered` to `.modal-dialog` to vertically center the modal.
```html
...
...
``` ### Tooltips and popovers [Tooltips]({{< docsref "/components/tooltips" >}}) and [popovers]({{< docsref "/components/popovers" >}}) can be placed within modals as needed. When modals are closed, any tooltips and popovers within are also automatically dismissed.
```html

Popover in a modal

This triggers a popover on click.

Tooltips in a modal

This link and that link have tooltips on hover.

``` ### Using the grid Utilize the Bootstrap grid system within a modal by nesting `.container-fluid` within the `.modal-body`. Then, use the normal grid system classes as you would anywhere else.
```html
.col-md-4
.col-md-4 .ms-auto
.col-md-3 .ms-auto
.col-md-2 .ms-auto
.col-md-6 .ms-auto
Level 1: .col-sm-9
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
``` ### Varying modal content Have a bunch of buttons that all trigger the same modal with slightly different contents? Use `event.relatedTarget` and [HTML `data-bs-*` attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Howto/Use_data_attributes) to vary the contents of the modal depending on which button was clicked. Below is a live demo followed by example HTML and JavaScript. For more information, [read the modal events docs](#events) for details on `relatedTarget`. {{< example stackblitz_add_js="true" >}} {{< /example >}} {{< js-docs name="varying-modal-content" file="site/assets/js/snippets.js" >}} ### Toggle between modals Toggle between multiple modals with some clever placement of the `data-bs-target` and `data-bs-toggle` attributes. For example, you could toggle a password reset modal from within an already open sign in modal. **Please note multiple modals cannot be open at the same time**—this method simply toggles between two separate modals. {{< example >}} {{< /example >}} ### Change animation The `$modal-fade-transform` variable determines the transform state of `.modal-dialog` before the modal fade-in animation, the `$modal-show-transform` variable determines the transform of `.modal-dialog` at the end of the modal fade-in animation. If you want for example a zoom-in animation, you can set `$modal-fade-transform: scale(.8)`. ### Remove animation For modals that simply appear rather than fade in to view, remove the `.fade` class from your modal markup. ```html ``` ### Dynamic heights If the height of a modal changes while it is open, you should call `myModal.handleUpdate()` to readjust the modal's position in case a scrollbar appears. ### Accessibility Be sure to add `aria-labelledby="..."`, referencing the modal title, to `.modal`. Additionally, you may give a description of your modal dialog with `aria-describedby` on `.modal`. Note that you don't need to add `role="dialog"` since we already add it via JavaScript. ### Embedding YouTube videos Embedding YouTube videos in modals requires additional JavaScript not in Bootstrap to automatically stop playback and more. [See this helpful Stack Overflow post](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18622508/bootstrap-3-and-youtube-in-modal) for more information. ## Optional sizes Modals have three optional sizes, available via modifier classes to be placed on a `.modal-dialog`. These sizes kick in at certain breakpoints to avoid horizontal scrollbars on narrower viewports. {{< bs-table "table" >}} | Size | Class | Modal max-width | --- | --- | --- | | Small | `.modal-sm` | `300px` | | Default | None | `500px` | | Large | `.modal-lg` | `800px` | | Extra large | `.modal-xl` | `1140px` | {{< /bs-table >}} Our default modal without modifier class constitutes the "medium" size modal.
```html
...
...
...
``` ## Fullscreen Modal Another override is the option to pop up a modal that covers the user viewport, available via modifier classes that are placed on a `.modal-dialog`. {{< bs-table >}} | Class | Availability | | --- | --- | | `.modal-fullscreen` | Always | | `.modal-fullscreen-sm-down` | `576px` | | `.modal-fullscreen-md-down` | `768px` | | `.modal-fullscreen-lg-down` | `992px` | | `.modal-fullscreen-xl-down` | `1200px` | | `.modal-fullscreen-xxl-down` | `1400px` | {{< /bs-table >}}
```html
...
``` ## CSS ### Variables {{< added-in "5.2.0" >}} As part of Bootstrap's evolving CSS variables approach, modals now use local CSS variables on `.modal` and `.modal-backdrop` for enhanced real-time customization. Values for the CSS variables are set via Sass, so Sass customization is still supported, too. {{< scss-docs name="modal-css-vars" file="scss/_modal.scss" >}} {{< scss-docs name="modal-backdrop-css-vars" file="scss/_modal.scss" >}} ### Sass variables {{< scss-docs name="modal-variables" file="scss/_variables.scss" >}} ### Sass loops [Responsive fullscreen modals](#fullscreen-modal) are generated via the `$breakpoints` map and a loop in `scss/_modal.scss`. {{< scss-docs name="modal-fullscreen-loop" file="scss/_modal.scss" >}} ## Usage The modal plugin toggles your hidden content on demand, via data attributes or JavaScript. It also overrides default scrolling behavior and generates a `.modal-backdrop` to provide a click area for dismissing shown modals when clicking outside the modal. ### Via data attributes #### Toggle Activate a modal without writing JavaScript. Set `data-bs-toggle="modal"` on a controller element, like a button, along with a `data-bs-target="#foo"` or `href="#foo"` to target a specific modal to toggle. ```html ``` #### Dismiss {{% js-dismiss "modal" %}} {{< callout warning >}} While both ways to dismiss a modal are supported, keep in mind that dismissing from outside a modal does not match the [ARIA Authoring Practices Guide dialog (modal) pattern](https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/patterns/dialogmodal/). Do this at your own risk. {{< /callout >}} ### Via JavaScript Create a modal with a single line of JavaScript: ```js const myModal = new bootstrap.Modal(document.getElementById('myModal'), options) // or const myModalAlternative = new bootstrap.Modal('#myModal', options) ``` ### Options {{< markdown >}} {{< partial "js-data-attributes.md" >}} {{< /markdown >}} {{< bs-table "table" >}} | Name | Type | Default | Description | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | `backdrop` | boolean, `'static'` | `true` | Includes a modal-backdrop element. Alternatively, specify `static` for a backdrop which doesn't close the modal when clicked. | | `focus` | boolean | `true` | Puts the focus on the modal when initialized. | | `keyboard` | boolean | `true` | Closes the modal when escape key is pressed. | {{< /bs-table >}} ### Methods {{< callout danger >}} {{< partial "callouts/danger-async-methods.md" >}} {{< /callout >}} #### Passing options Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options `object`. ```js const myModal = new bootstrap.Modal('#myModal', { keyboard: false }) ``` {{< bs-table "table" >}} | Method | Description | | --- | --- | | `dispose` | Destroys an element's modal. (Removes stored data on the DOM element) | | `getInstance` | _Static_ method which allows you to get the modal instance associated with a DOM element. | | `getOrCreateInstance` | _Static_ method which allows you to get the modal instance associated with a DOM element, or create a new one in case it wasn't initialized. | | `handleUpdate` | Manually readjust the modal's position if the height of a modal changes while it is open (i.e. in case a scrollbar appears). | | `hide` | Manually hides a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs). | | `show` | Manually opens a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` event occurs). Also, you can pass a DOM element as an argument that can be received in the modal events (as the `relatedTarget` property). (i.e. `const modalToggle = document.getElementById('toggleMyModal'); myModal.show(modalToggle)`. | | `toggle` | Manually toggles a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` or `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs). | {{< /bs-table >}} ### Events Bootstrap's modal class exposes a few events for hooking into modal functionality. All modal events are fired at the modal itself (i.e. at the `
`). {{< bs-table >}} | Event | Description | | --- | --- | | `hide.bs.modal` | This event is fired immediately when the `hide` instance method has been called. | | `hidden.bs.modal` | This event is fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). | | `hidePrevented.bs.modal` | This event is fired when the modal is shown, its backdrop is `static` and a click outside of the modal is performed. The event is also fired when the escape key is pressed and the `keyboard` option is set to `false`. | | `show.bs.modal` | This event fires immediately when the `show` instance method is called. If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the `relatedTarget` property of the event. | | `shown.bs.modal` | This event is fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the `relatedTarget` property of the event. | {{< /bs-table >}} ```js const myModalEl = document.getElementById('myModal') myModalEl.addEventListener('hidden.bs.modal', event => { // do something... }) ```