Adding upstream version 1.17.upstream/1.17

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <mail@daniel-baumann.ch>

1 files changed, 259 insertions, 247 deletions

diff --git a/doc/lzip.info b/doc/lzip.info
index 6854503..f0aa011 100644
--- a/doc/lzip.info
+++ b/doc/lzip.info
@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ File: lzip.info,  Node: Top,  Next: Introduction,  Up: (dir)
 Lzip Manual
 ***********
 
-This manual is for Lzip (version 1.17-rc2, 25 May 2015).
+This manual is for Lzip (version 1.17, 12 July 2015).
 
 * Menu:
 
 * Introduction::           Purpose and features of lzip
-* Algorithm::              How lzip compresses the data
 * Invoking lzip::          Command line interface
+* Quality assurance::      Design, development and testing of lzip
 * File format::            Detailed format of the compressed file
+* Algorithm::              How lzip compresses the data
 * Stream format::          Format of the LZMA stream in lzip files
-* Quality assurance::      Design, development and testing of lzip
 * Examples::               A small tutorial with examples
 * Problems::               Reporting bugs
 * Reference source code::  Source code illustrating stream format
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ This manual is for Lzip (version 1.17-rc2, 25 May 2015).
 copy, distribute and modify it.
 
 
-File: lzip.info,  Node: Introduction,  Next: Algorithm,  Prev: Top,  Up: Top
+File: lzip.info,  Node: Introduction,  Next: Invoking lzip,  Prev: Top,  Up: Top
 
 1 Introduction
 **************
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ availability:
      recovery means. The lziprecover program can repair bit-flip errors
      (one of the most common forms of data corruption) in lzip files,
      and provides data recovery capabilities, including error-checked
-     merging of damaged copies of a file.
+     merging of damaged copies of a file.  *note Data safety:
+     (lziprecover)Data safety.
 
    * The lzip format is as simple as possible (but not simpler). The
      lzip manual provides the code of a simple decompressor along with
@@ -85,6 +86,11 @@ which makes it safer than compressors returning ambiguous warning
 values (like gzip) when it is used as a back end for other programs
 like tar or zutils.
 
+   Lzip will automatically use the smallest possible dictionary size for
+each file without exceeding the given limit. Keep in mind that the
+decompression memory requirement is affected at compression time by the
+choice of dictionary size limit.
+
    The amount of memory required for compression is about 1 or 2 times
 the dictionary size limit (1 if input file size is less than dictionary
 size limit, else 2) plus 9 times the dictionary size really used. The
@@ -92,11 +98,6 @@ option '-0' is special and only requires about 1.5 MiB at most. The
 amount of memory required for decompression is about 46 kB larger than
 the dictionary size really used.
 
-   Lzip will automatically use the smallest possible dictionary size for
-each file without exceeding the given limit. Keep in mind that the
-decompression memory requirement is affected at compression time by the
-choice of dictionary size limit.
-
    When compressing, lzip replaces every file given in the command line
 with a compressed version of itself, with the name "original_name.lz".
 When decompressing, lzip attempts to guess the name for the decompressed
@@ -126,8 +127,8 @@ corresponding uncompressed files. Integrity testing of concatenated
 compressed files is also supported.
 
    Lzip can produce multi-member files and safely recover, with
-lziprecover, the undamaged members in case of file damage. Lzip can also
-split the compressed output in volumes of a given size, even when
+lziprecover, the undamaged members in case of file damage. Lzip can
+also split the compressed output in volumes of a given size, even when
 reading from standard input. This allows the direct creation of
 multivolume compressed tar archives.
 
@@ -136,75 +137,9 @@ automatically creating multi-member output. The members so created are
 large, about 2 PiB each.
 
 
-File: lzip.info,  Node: Algorithm,  Next: Invoking lzip,  Prev: Introduction,  Up: Top
-
-2 Algorithm
-***********
-
-In spite of its name (Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain-Algorithm), LZMA is not a
-concrete algorithm; it is more like "any algorithm using the LZMA coding
-scheme". For example, the option '-0' of lzip uses the scheme in almost
-the simplest way possible; issuing the longest match it can find, or a
-literal byte if it can't find a match. Inversely, a much more elaborated
-way of finding coding sequences of minimum size than the one currently
-used by lzip could be developed, and the resulting sequence could also
-be coded using the LZMA coding scheme.
-
-   Lzip currently implements two variants of the LZMA algorithm; fast
-(used by option -0) and normal (used by all other compression levels).
-
-   The high compression of LZMA comes from combining two basic,
-well-proven compression ideas: sliding dictionaries (LZ77/78) and
-markov models (the thing used by every compression algorithm that uses
-a range encoder or similar order-0 entropy coder as its last stage)
-with segregation of contexts according to what the bits are used for.
-
-   Lzip is a two stage compressor. The first stage is a Lempel-Ziv
-coder, which reduces redundancy by translating chunks of data to their
-corresponding distance-length pairs. The second stage is a range encoder
-that uses a different probability model for each type of data;
-distances, lengths, literal bytes, etc.
-
-   Here is how it works, step by step:
-
-   1) The member header is written to the output stream.
-
-   2) The first byte is coded literally, because there are no previous
-bytes to which the match finder can refer to.
-
-   3) The main encoder advances to the next byte in the input data and
-calls the match finder.
-
-   4) The match finder fills an array with the minimum distances before
-the current byte where a match of a given length can be found.
-
-   5) Go back to step 3 until a sequence (formed of pairs, repeated
-distances and literal bytes) of minimum price has been formed. Where the
-price represents the number of output bits produced.
-
-   6) The range encoder encodes the sequence produced by the main
-encoder and sends the produced bytes to the output stream.
-
-   7) Go back to step 3 until the input data are finished or until the
-member or volume size limits are reached.
-
-   8) The range encoder is flushed.
-
-   9) The member trailer is written to the output stream.
-
-   10) If there are more data to compress, go back to step 1.
-
-
-The ideas embodied in lzip are due to (at least) the following people:
-Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv (for the LZ algorithm), Andrey Markov (for
-the definition of Markov chains), G.N.N. Martin (for the definition of
-range encoding), Igor Pavlov (for putting all the above together in
-LZMA), and Julian Seward (for bzip2's CLI).
-
-
-File: lzip.info,  Node: Invoking lzip,  Next: File format,  Prev: Algorithm,  Up: Top
+File: lzip.info,  Node: Invoking lzip,  Next: Quality assurance,  Prev: Introduction,  Up: Top
 
-3 Invoking lzip
+2 Invoking lzip
 ***************
 
 The format for running lzip is:
@@ -244,7 +179,7 @@ The format for running lzip is:
 
 '-F'
 '--recompress'
-     Force recompression of files whose name already has the '.lz' or
+     Force re-compression of files whose name already has the '.lz' or
      '.tlz' suffix.
 
 '-k'
@@ -362,7 +297,155 @@ invalid input file, 3 for an internal consistency error (eg, bug) which
 caused lzip to panic.
 
 
-File: lzip.info,  Node: File format,  Next: Stream format,  Prev: Invoking lzip,  Up: Top
+File: lzip.info,  Node: Quality assurance,  Next: File format,  Prev: Invoking lzip,  Up: Top
+
+3 Design, development and testing of lzip
+*****************************************
+
+There are two ways of constructing a software design. One way is to make
+it so simple that there are obviously no deficiencies and the other is
+to make it so complicated that there are no obvious deficiencies.
+-- C.A.R. Hoare
+
+   Lzip has been designed, written and tested with great care to be the
+standard general-purpose compressor for unix-like systems. This chapter
+describes the lessons learned from previous compressors (gzip and
+bzip2), and their application to the design of lzip.
+
+
+3.1 Format design
+=================
+
+When gzip was designed in 1992, computers and operating systems were
+much less capable than they are today. Gzip tried to work around some of
+those limitations, like 8.3 file names, with additional fields in its
+file format.
+
+   Today those limitations have mostly disappeared, and the format of
+gzip has proved to be unnecessarily complicated. It includes fields
+that were never used, others that have lost its usefulness, and finally
+others that have become too limited.
+
+   Bzip2 was designed 5 years later, and its format is simpler than the
+one of gzip.
+
+   Probably the worst defect of the gzip format from the point of view
+of data safety is the variable size of its header. If the byte at
+offset 3 (flags) of a gzip member gets corrupted, it mat become very
+difficult to recover the data, even if the compressed blocks are
+intact, because it can't be known with certainty where the compressed
+blocks begin.
+
+   By contrast, the header of a lzip member has a fixed length of 6. The
+lzma stream in a lzip member always starts at offset 6, making it
+trivial to recover the data even if the whole header becomes corrupt.
+
+   Bzip2 also provides a header of fixed length and marks the begin and
+end of each compressed block with six magic bytes, making it possible to
+find the compressed blocks even in case of file damage. But bzip2 does
+not store the size of each compressed block, as lzip does.
+
+   Lzip provides better data recovery capabilities than any other
+gzip-like compressor because its format has been designed from the
+beginning to be simple and safe. It would be very difficult to write an
+automatic recovery tool like lziprecover for the gzip format. And, as
+far as I know, it has never been writen.
+
+   The lzip format is designed for long-term archiving. Therefore it
+excludes any unneeded features that may interfere with the future
+extraction of the uncompressed data.
+
+
+3.1.1 Gzip format (mis)features not present in lzip
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+'Multiple algorithms'
+     Gzip provides a CM (Compression Method) field that has never been
+     used because it is a bad idea to begin with. New compression
+     methods may require additional fields, making it impossible to
+     implement new methods and, at the same time, keep the same format.
+     This field does not solve the problem of format proliferation; it
+     just makes the problem less obvious.
+
+'Optional fields in header'
+     Unless special precautions are taken, optional fields are
+     generally a bad idea because they produce a header of variable
+     size. The gzip header has 2 fields that, in addition to being
+     optional, are zero-terminated.  This means that if any byte inside
+     the field gets zeroed, or if the terminating zero gets altered,
+     gzip won't be able to find neither the header CRC nor the
+     compressed blocks.
+
+'Optional CRC for the header'
+     Using an optional checksum for the header is not only a bad idea,
+     it is an error; it may prevent the extraction of perfectly good
+     data. For example, if the checksum is used and the bit enabling it
+     is reset by a bit-flip, the header will appear to be intact (in
+     spite of being corrupt) while the compressed blocks will appear to
+     be totally unrecoverable (in spite of being intact). Very
+     misleading indeed.
+
+
+3.1.2 Lzip format improvements over gzip and bzip2
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+'64-bit size field'
+     Probably the most frequently reported shortcoming of the gzip
+     format is that it only stores the least significant 32 bits of the
+     uncompressed size. The size of any file larger than 4 GiB gets
+     truncated.
+
+     Bzip2 does not store the uncompressed size of the file.
+
+     The lzip format provides a 64-bit field for the uncompressed size.
+     Additionaly, lzip produces multi-member output automatically when
+     the size is too large for a single member, allowing for an
+     unlimited uncompressed size.
+
+'Distributed index'
+     The lzip format provides a distributed index that, among other
+     things, helps plzip to decompress several times faster than pigz
+     and helps lziprecover do its job. Neither the gzip format nor the
+     bzip2 format do provide an index.
+
+     A distributed index is safer and more scalable than a monolithic
+     index.  The monolithic index introduces a single point of failure
+     in the compressed file and may limit the number of members or the
+     total uncompressed size.
+
+
+3.2 Quality of implementation
+=============================
+
+'Multiple implementations'
+     Just like the lzip format provides 4 factor protection against
+     undetected data corruption, the development methodology of the lzip
+     family of compressors provides 3 factor protection against
+     undetected programming errors.
+
+     Three related but independent compressor implementations, lzip,
+     clzip and minilzip/lzlib, are developed concurrently. Every stable
+     release of any of them is subjected to a hundred hours of
+     intensive testing to verify that it produces identical output to
+     the other two. This guarantees that all three implement the same
+     algorithm, and makes it unlikely that any of them may contain
+     serious undiscovered errors. In fact, no errors have been
+     discovered in lzip since 2009.
+
+'Dictionary size'
+     Lzip automatically uses the smallest possible dictionary size for
+     each file. In addition to reducing the amount of memory required
+     for decompression, this feature also minimizes the probability of
+     being affected by RAM errors during compression.
+
+'Exit status'
+     Returning a warning status of 2 is a design flaw of compress that
+     leaked into the design of gzip. Both bzip2 and lzip are free from
+     this flaw.
+
+
+
+File: lzip.info,  Node: File format,  Next: Algorithm,  Prev: Quality assurance,  Up: Top
 
 4 File format
 *************
@@ -433,9 +516,75 @@ additional information before, between, or after them.
 
 
 
-File: lzip.info,  Node: Stream format,  Next: Quality assurance,  Prev: File format,  Up: Top
+File: lzip.info,  Node: Algorithm,  Next: Stream format,  Prev: File format,  Up: Top
+
+5 Algorithm
+***********
+
+In spite of its name (Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain-Algorithm), LZMA is not a
+concrete algorithm; it is more like "any algorithm using the LZMA coding
+scheme". For example, the option '-0' of lzip uses the scheme in almost
+the simplest way possible; issuing the longest match it can find, or a
+literal byte if it can't find a match. Inversely, a much more elaborated
+way of finding coding sequences of minimum size than the one currently
+used by lzip could be developed, and the resulting sequence could also
+be coded using the LZMA coding scheme.
+
+   Lzip currently implements two variants of the LZMA algorithm; fast
+(used by option '-0') and normal (used by all other compression levels).
+
+   The high compression of LZMA comes from combining two basic,
+well-proven compression ideas: sliding dictionaries (LZ77/78) and
+markov models (the thing used by every compression algorithm that uses
+a range encoder or similar order-0 entropy coder as its last stage)
+with segregation of contexts according to what the bits are used for.
+
+   Lzip is a two stage compressor. The first stage is a Lempel-Ziv
+coder, which reduces redundancy by translating chunks of data to their
+corresponding distance-length pairs. The second stage is a range encoder
+that uses a different probability model for each type of data;
+distances, lengths, literal bytes, etc.
+
+   Here is how it works, step by step:
+
+   1) The member header is written to the output stream.
+
+   2) The first byte is coded literally, because there are no previous
+bytes to which the match finder can refer to.
+
+   3) The main encoder advances to the next byte in the input data and
+calls the match finder.
+
+   4) The match finder fills an array with the minimum distances before
+the current byte where a match of a given length can be found.
+
+   5) Go back to step 3 until a sequence (formed of pairs, repeated
+distances and literal bytes) of minimum price has been formed. Where the
+price represents the number of output bits produced.
+
+   6) The range encoder encodes the sequence produced by the main
+encoder and sends the produced bytes to the output stream.
+
+   7) Go back to step 3 until the input data are finished or until the
+member or volume size limits are reached.
+
+   8) The range encoder is flushed.
+
+   9) The member trailer is written to the output stream.
+
+   10) If there are more data to compress, go back to step 1.
+
+
+The ideas embodied in lzip are due to (at least) the following people:
+Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv (for the LZ algorithm), Andrey Markov (for
+the definition of Markov chains), G.N.N. Martin (for the definition of
+range encoding), Igor Pavlov (for putting all the above together in
+LZMA), and Julian Seward (for bzip2's CLI).
+
+
+File: lzip.info,  Node: Stream format,  Next: Examples,  Prev: Algorithm,  Up: Top
 
-5 Format of the LZMA stream in lzip files
+6 Format of the LZMA stream in lzip files
 *****************************************
 
 The LZMA algorithm has three parameters, called "special LZMA
@@ -473,7 +622,7 @@ the lzip download directory. The source code of lzd is included in
 appendix A.  *note Reference source code::
 
 
-5.1 What is coded
+6.1 What is coded
 =================
 
 The LZMA stream includes literals, matches and repeated matches (matches
@@ -525,7 +674,7 @@ slot + direct_bits                   distances from 4 to 127
 slot + (direct_bits - 4) + 4 bits    distances from 128 to 2^32 - 1
 
 
-5.2 The coding contexts
+6.2 The coding contexts
 =======================
 
 These contexts ('Bit_model' in the source), are integers or arrays of
@@ -615,7 +764,7 @@ difference is found, the rest of the byte is decoded using the normal
 bit tree context. (See 'decode_matched' in the source).
 
 
-5.3 The range decoder
+6.3 The range decoder
 =====================
 
 The LZMA stream is consumed one byte at a time by the range decoder.
@@ -635,7 +784,7 @@ range decoder. This is done by shifting 5 bytes in the initialization of
 source).
 
 
-5.4 Decoding the LZMA stream
+6.4 Decoding the LZMA stream
 ============================
 
 After decoding the member header and obtaining the dictionary size, the
@@ -646,144 +795,7 @@ with the appropriate contexts to decode the different coding sequences
 Stream" marker is decoded.
 
 
-File: lzip.info,  Node: Quality assurance,  Next: Examples,  Prev: Stream format,  Up: Top
-
-6 Design, development and testing of lzip
-*****************************************
-
-There are two ways of constructing a software design. One way is to make
-it so simple that there are obviously no deficiencies and the other is
-to make it so complicated that there are no obvious deficiencies.
--- C.A.R. Hoare
-
-   Lzip has been designed, written and tested with great care to be the
-standard general-purpose compressor for unix-like systems. This chapter
-describes the lessons learned from previous compressors (gzip and
-bzip2), and their application to the design of lzip.
-
-
-6.1 Format design
-=================
-
-When gzip was designed in 1992, computers and operating systems were
-much less capable than they are today. Gzip tried to work around some of
-those limitations, like 8.3 file names, with additional fields in its
-file format.
-
-   Today those limitations have mostly disappeared, and the format of
-gzip has proved to be unnecessarily complicated. It includes fields
-that were never used, others that have lost its usefulness, and finally
-others that have become too limited.
-
-   Bzip2 was designed 5 years later, and its format is in some aspects
-simpler than the one of gzip. But bzip2 also shows complexities in its
-file format which slow down decompression and, in retrospect, are
-unnecessary.
-
-   Probably the worst defect of the gzip format from the point of view
-of data safety is the variable size of its header. If the byte at
-offset 3 (flags) of a gzip member gets corrupted, it mat become very
-difficult to recover the data, even if the compressed blocks are
-intact, because it can't be known with certainty where the compressed
-blocks begin.
-
-   By contrast, the lzma stream in a lzip member always starts at
-offset 6, making it trivial to recover the data even if the whole
-header becomes corrupt.
-
-   Lzip provides better data recovery capabilities than any other
-gzip-like compressor because its format has been designed from the
-beginning to be simple and safe. It would be very difficult to write an
-automatic recovery tool like lziprecover for the gzip format. And, as
-far as I know, it has never been writen.
-
-   The lzip format is designed for long-term archiving. Therefore it
-excludes any unneeded features that may interfere with the future
-extraction of the uncompressed data.
-
-
-6.1.1 Gzip format (mis)features not present in lzip
----------------------------------------------------
-
-'Multiple algorithms'
-     Gzip provides a CM (Compression Method) field that has never been
-     used because it is a bad idea to begin with. New compression
-     methods may require additional fields, making it impossible to
-     implement new methods and, at the same time, keep the same format.
-     This field does not solve the problem of format proliferation; it
-     just makes the problem less obvious.
-
-'Optional fields in header'
-     Unless special precautions are taken, optional fields are
-     generally a bad idea because they produce a header of variable
-     size. The gzip header has 2 fields that, in addition to being
-     optional, are zero-terminated.  This means that if any byte inside
-     the field gets zeroed, or if the terminating zero gets altered,
-     gzip won't be able to find neither the header CRC nor the
-     compressed blocks.
-
-     Using an optional checksum for the header is not only a bad idea,
-     it is an error; it may prevent the extraction of perfectly good
-     data. For example, if the checksum is used and the bit enabling it
-     is reset by a bit-flip, the header will appear to be intact (in
-     spite of being corrupt) while the compressed blocks will appear to
-     be totally unrecoverable (in spite of being intact). Very
-     misleading indeed.
-
-
-6.1.2 Lzip format improvements over gzip
-----------------------------------------
-
-'64-bit size field'
-     Probably the most frequently reported shortcoming of the gzip
-     format is that it only stores the least significant 32 bits of the
-     uncompressed size. The size of any file larger than 4 GiB gets
-     truncated.
-
-     The lzip format provides a 64-bit field for the uncompressed size.
-     Additionaly, lzip produces multi-member output automatically when
-     the size is too large for a single member, allowing an unlimited
-     uncompressed size.
-
-'Distributed index'
-     The lzip format provides a distributed index that, among other
-     things, helps plzip to decompress several times faster than pigz
-     and helps lziprecover do its job. The gzip format does not provide
-     an index.
-
-     A distributed index is safer and more scalable than a monolithic
-     index.  The monolithic index introduces a single point of failure
-     in the compressed file and may limit the number of members or the
-     total uncompressed size.
-
-
-6.2 Quality of implementation
-=============================
-
-Three related but independent compressor implementations, lzip, clzip
-and minilzip/lzlib, are developed concurrently. Every stable release of
-any of them is subjected to a hundred hours of intensive testing to
-verify that it produces identical output to the other two. This
-guarantees that all three implement the same algorithm, and makes it
-unlikely that any of them may contain serious undiscovered errors. In
-fact, no errors have been discovered in lzip since 2009.
-
-   Just like the lzip format provides 4 factor protection against
-undetected data corruption, the development methodology described above
-provides 3 factor protection against undetected programming errors in
-lzip.
-
-   Lzip automatically uses the smallest possible dictionary size for
-each file. In addition to reducing the amount of memory required for
-decompression, this feature also minimizes the probability of being
-affected by RAM errors during compression.
-
-   Returning a warning status of 2 is a design flaw of compress that
-leaked into the design of gzip. Both bzip2 and lzip are free form this
-flaw.
-
-
-File: lzip.info,  Node: Examples,  Next: Problems,  Prev: Quality assurance,  Up: Top
+File: lzip.info,  Node: Examples,  Next: Problems,  Prev: Stream format,  Up: Top
 
 7 A small tutorial with examples
 ********************************
@@ -876,7 +888,7 @@ File: lzip.info,  Node: Reference source code,  Next: Concept index,  Prev: Prob
 Appendix A Reference source code
 ********************************
 
-/*  Lzd - Educational decompressor for lzip files
+/*  Lzd - Educational decompressor for the lzip format
     Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Antonio Diaz Diaz.
 
     This program is free software: you have unlimited permission
@@ -1133,7 +1145,7 @@ class LZ_decoder
     }
 
 public:
-  LZ_decoder( const unsigned dict_size )
+  explicit LZ_decoder( const unsigned dict_size )
     :
     partial_data_pos( 0 ),
     dictionary_size( dict_size ),
@@ -1160,7 +1172,7 @@ void LZ_decoder::flush_data()
     crc32.update_buf( crc_, buffer + stream_pos, size );
     errno = 0;
     if( std::fwrite( buffer + stream_pos, 1, size, stdout ) != size )
-      { std::fprintf( stderr, "Write error: %s.\n", std::strerror( errno ) );
+      { std::fprintf( stderr, "Write error: %s\n", std::strerror( errno ) );
         std::exit( 1 ); }
     if( pos >= dictionary_size ) { partial_data_pos += pos; pos = 0; }
     stream_pos = pos;
@@ -1202,7 +1214,7 @@ bool LZ_decoder::decode_member()		// Returns false if error
         put_byte( rdec.decode_matched( bm, peek( rep0 ) ) );
       state.set_char();
       }
-    else
+    else					// match or repeated match
       {
       int len;
       if( rdec.decode_bit( bm_rep[state()] ) != 0 )		// 2nd bit
@@ -1231,7 +1243,7 @@ bool LZ_decoder::decode_member()		// Returns false if error
         state.set_rep();
         len = min_match_len + rdec.decode_len( rep_len_model, pos_state );
         }
-      else
+      else					// match
         {
         rep3 = rep2; rep2 = rep1; rep1 = rep0;
         len = min_match_len + rdec.decode_len( match_len_model, pos_state );
@@ -1273,7 +1285,7 @@ int main( const int argc, const char * const argv[] )
   {
   if( argc > 1 )
     {
-    std::printf( "Lzd %s - Educational decompressor for lzip files.\n",
+    std::printf( "Lzd %s - Educational decompressor for the lzip format.\n",
                  PROGVERSION );
     std::printf( "Study the source to learn how a lzip decompressor works.\n"
                  "See the lzip manual for an explanation of the code.\n"
@@ -1300,19 +1312,19 @@ int main( const int argc, const char * const argv[] )
     if( std::feof( stdin ) || std::memcmp( header, "LZIP\x01", 5 ) != 0 )
       {
       if( first_member )
-        { std::fprintf( stderr, "Bad magic number (file not in lzip format)\n" );
+        { std::fputs( "Bad magic number (file not in lzip format).\n", stderr );
           return 2; }
       break;
       }
     unsigned dict_size = 1 << ( header[5] & 0x1F );
     dict_size -= ( dict_size / 16 ) * ( ( header[5] >> 5 ) & 7 );
     if( dict_size < min_dictionary_size || dict_size > max_dictionary_size )
-      { std::fprintf( stderr, "Invalid dictionary size in member header\n" );
+      { std::fputs( "Invalid dictionary size in member header.\n", stderr );
         return 2; }
 
     LZ_decoder decoder( dict_size );
     if( !decoder.decode_member() )
-      { std::fprintf( stderr, "Data error\n" ); return 2; }
+      { std::fputs( "Data error\n", stderr ); return 2; }
 
     File_trailer trailer;
     for( int i = 0; i < 20; ++i ) trailer[i] = std::getc( stdin );
@@ -1321,11 +1333,11 @@ int main( const int argc, const char * const argv[] )
     unsigned long long data_size = 0;
     for( int i = 11; i >= 4; --i ) { data_size <<= 8; data_size += trailer[i]; }
     if( crc != decoder.crc() || data_size != decoder.data_position() )
-      { std::fprintf( stderr, "CRC error\n" ); return 2; }
+      { std::fputs( "CRC error\n", stderr ); return 2; }
     }
 
   if( std::fclose( stdout ) != 0 )
-    { std::fprintf( stderr, "Can't close stdout: %s.\n", std::strerror( errno ) );
+    { std::fprintf( stderr, "Can't close stdout: %s\n", std::strerror( errno ) );
       return 1; }
   return 0;
   }
@@ -1357,16 +1369,16 @@ Concept index
 
 Tag Table:
 Node: Top208
-Node: Introduction1090
-Node: Algorithm6008
-Node: Invoking lzip8833
-Node: File format14421
-Node: Stream format16806
-Node: Quality assurance26247
-Node: Examples32269
-Node: Problems34230
-Node: Reference source code34760
-Node: Concept index48358
+Node: Introduction1087
+Node: Invoking lzip6060
+Node: Quality assurance11658
+Node: File format18171
+Node: Algorithm20556
+Node: Stream format23382
+Node: Examples32812
+Node: Problems34769
+Node: Reference source code35299
+Node: Concept index48952
 
 End Tag Table