Adding upstream version 4.2.upstream/4.2

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2980 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/super1.c b/super1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a12a5bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/super1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2980 @@
+/*
+ * mdadm - manage Linux "md" devices aka RAID arrays.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2001-2016 Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com>
+ *
+ *
+ *    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *    (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *
+ *    Author: Neil Brown
+ *    Email: <neilb@suse.de>
+ */
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include "mdadm.h"
+/*
+ * The version-1 superblock :
+ * All numeric fields are little-endian.
+ *
+ * total size: 256 bytes plus 2 per device.
+ *  1K allows 384 devices.
+ */
+struct mdp_superblock_1 {
+	/* constant array information - 128 bytes */
+	__u32	magic;		/* MD_SB_MAGIC: 0xa92b4efc - little endian */
+	__u32	major_version;	/* 1 */
+	__u32	feature_map;	/* 0 for now */
+	__u32	pad0;		/* always set to 0 when writing */
+
+	__u8	set_uuid[16];	/* user-space generated. */
+	char	set_name[32];	/* set and interpreted by user-space */
+
+	__u64	ctime;		/* lo 40 bits are seconds, top 24 are microseconds or 0*/
+	__u32	level;		/* -4 (multipath), -1 (linear), 0,1,4,5 */
+	__u32	layout;		/* used for raid5, raid6, raid10, and raid0 */
+	__u64	size;		/* used size of component devices, in 512byte sectors */
+
+	__u32	chunksize;	/* in 512byte sectors */
+	__u32	raid_disks;
+	union {
+		__u32	bitmap_offset;	/* sectors after start of superblock that bitmap starts
+					 * NOTE: signed, so bitmap can be before superblock
+					 * only meaningful of feature_map[0] is set.
+					 */
+
+		/* only meaningful when feature_map[MD_FEATURE_PPL] is set */
+		struct {
+			__s16 offset; /* sectors from start of superblock that ppl starts */
+			__u16 size; /* ppl size in sectors */
+		} ppl;
+	};
+
+	/* These are only valid with feature bit '4' */
+	__u32	new_level;	/* new level we are reshaping to		*/
+	__u64	reshape_position;	/* next address in array-space for reshape */
+	__u32	delta_disks;	/* change in number of raid_disks		*/
+	__u32	new_layout;	/* new layout					*/
+	__u32	new_chunk;	/* new chunk size (sectors)			*/
+	__u32	new_offset;	/* signed number to add to data_offset in new
+				 * layout.  0 == no-change.  This can be
+				 * different on each device in the array.
+				 */
+
+	/* constant this-device information - 64 bytes */
+	__u64	data_offset;	/* sector start of data, often 0 */
+	__u64	data_size;	/* sectors in this device that can be used for data */
+	__u64	super_offset;	/* sector start of this superblock */
+	union {
+		__u64	recovery_offset;/* sectors before this offset (from data_offset) have been recovered */
+		__u64	journal_tail;/* journal tail of journal device (from data_offset) */
+	};
+	__u32	dev_number;	/* permanent identifier of this  device - not role in raid */
+	__u32	cnt_corrected_read; /* number of read errors that were corrected by re-writing */
+	__u8	device_uuid[16]; /* user-space setable, ignored by kernel */
+	__u8    devflags;        /* per-device flags.  Only one defined...*/
+#define WriteMostly1    1        /* mask for writemostly flag in above */
+#define FailFast1	2        /* Device should get FailFast requests */
+	/* bad block log.  If there are any bad blocks the feature flag is set.
+	 * if offset and size are non-zero, that space is reserved and available.
+	 */
+	__u8	bblog_shift;	/* shift from sectors to block size for badblock list */
+	__u16	bblog_size;	/* number of sectors reserved for badblock list */
+	__u32	bblog_offset;	/* sector offset from superblock to bblog, signed */
+
+	/* array state information - 64 bytes */
+	__u64	utime;		/* 40 bits second, 24 bits microseconds */
+	__u64	events;		/* incremented when superblock updated */
+	__u64	resync_offset;	/* data before this offset (from data_offset) known to be in sync */
+	__u32	sb_csum;	/* checksum upto dev_roles[max_dev] */
+	__u32	max_dev;	/* size of dev_roles[] array to consider */
+	__u8	pad3[64-32];	/* set to 0 when writing */
+
+	/* device state information. Indexed by dev_number.
+	 * 2 bytes per device
+	 * Note there are no per-device state flags. State information is rolled
+	 * into the 'roles' value.  If a device is spare or faulty, then it doesn't
+	 * have a meaningful role.
+	 */
+	__u16	dev_roles[0];	/* role in array, or 0xffff for a spare, or 0xfffe for faulty */
+};
+
+#define MAX_SB_SIZE 4096
+/* bitmap super size is 256, but we round up to a sector for alignment */
+#define BM_SUPER_SIZE 512
+#define MAX_DEVS ((int)(MAX_SB_SIZE - sizeof(struct mdp_superblock_1)) / 2)
+#define SUPER1_SIZE	(MAX_SB_SIZE + BM_SUPER_SIZE \
+			 + sizeof(struct misc_dev_info))
+
+struct misc_dev_info {
+	__u64 device_size;
+};
+
+#define MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_SUPER1 (1024 * 1024) /* Size of the whole
+						     * mutliple PPL area
+						     */
+/* feature_map bits */
+#define MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET	1
+#define	MD_FEATURE_RECOVERY_OFFSET	2 /* recovery_offset is present and
+					   * must be honoured
+					   */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE	4
+#define	MD_FEATURE_BAD_BLOCKS		8 /* badblock list is not empty */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_REPLACEMENT		16 /* This device is replacing an
+					    * active device with same 'role'.
+					    * 'recovery_offset' is also set.
+					    */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_BACKWARDS	32 /* Reshape doesn't change number
+					    * of devices, but is going
+					    * backwards anyway.
+					    */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_NEW_OFFSET		64 /* new_offset must be honoured */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_VERSIONED	256 /* bitmap version number checked properly */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_JOURNAL		512 /* support write journal */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_PPL			1024 /* support PPL */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_MUTLIPLE_PPLS	2048 /* support for multiple PPLs */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT		4096 /* layout is meaningful in RAID0 */
+#define	MD_FEATURE_ALL			(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET	\
+					|MD_FEATURE_RECOVERY_OFFSET	\
+					|MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE	\
+					|MD_FEATURE_BAD_BLOCKS		\
+					|MD_FEATURE_REPLACEMENT		\
+					|MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_BACKWARDS	\
+					|MD_FEATURE_NEW_OFFSET		\
+					|MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_VERSIONED	\
+					|MD_FEATURE_JOURNAL		\
+					|MD_FEATURE_PPL			\
+					|MD_FEATURE_MULTIPLE_PPLS	\
+					|MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT	\
+					)
+
+static int role_from_sb(struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb)
+{
+	unsigned int d;
+	int role;
+
+	d = __le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number);
+	if (d < __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev))
+		role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[d]);
+	else
+		role = MD_DISK_ROLE_SPARE;
+	return role;
+}
+
+/* return how many bytes are needed for bitmap, for cluster-md each node
+ * should have it's own bitmap */
+static unsigned int calc_bitmap_size(bitmap_super_t *bms, unsigned int boundary)
+{
+	unsigned long long bits, bytes;
+
+	bits = bitmap_bits(__le64_to_cpu(bms->sync_size),
+			   __le32_to_cpu(bms->chunksize));
+	bytes = (bits+7) >> 3;
+	bytes += sizeof(bitmap_super_t);
+	bytes = ROUND_UP(bytes, boundary);
+
+	return bytes;
+}
+
+static unsigned int calc_sb_1_csum(struct mdp_superblock_1 * sb)
+{
+	unsigned int disk_csum, csum;
+	unsigned long long newcsum;
+	int size = sizeof(*sb) + __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev)*2;
+	unsigned int *isuper = (unsigned int*)sb;
+
+/* make sure I can count... */
+	if (offsetof(struct mdp_superblock_1,data_offset) != 128 ||
+	    offsetof(struct mdp_superblock_1, utime) != 192 ||
+	    sizeof(struct mdp_superblock_1) != 256) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "WARNING - superblock isn't sized correctly\n");
+	}
+
+	disk_csum = sb->sb_csum;
+	sb->sb_csum = 0;
+	newcsum = 0;
+	for (; size>=4; size -= 4 ) {
+		newcsum += __le32_to_cpu(*isuper);
+		isuper++;
+	}
+
+	if (size == 2)
+		newcsum += __le16_to_cpu(*(unsigned short*) isuper);
+
+	csum = (newcsum & 0xffffffff) + (newcsum >> 32);
+	sb->sb_csum = disk_csum;
+	return __cpu_to_le32(csum);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Information related to file descriptor used for aligned reads/writes.
+ * Cache the block size.
+ */
+struct align_fd {
+	int fd;
+	int blk_sz;
+};
+
+static void init_afd(struct align_fd *afd, int fd)
+{
+	afd->fd = fd;
+	if (!get_dev_sector_size(afd->fd, NULL, (unsigned int *)&afd->blk_sz))
+		afd->blk_sz = 512;
+}
+
+static char abuf[4096+4096];
+
+static int aread(struct align_fd *afd, void *buf, int len)
+{
+	/* aligned read.
+	 * On devices with a 4K sector size, we need to read
+	 * the full sector and copy relevant bits into
+	 * the buffer
+	 */
+	int bsize, iosize;
+	char *b;
+	int n;
+
+	bsize = afd->blk_sz;
+
+	if (!bsize || bsize > 4096 || len > 4096) {
+		if (!bsize)
+			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING - aread() called with invalid block size\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	b = ROUND_UP_PTR((char *)abuf, 4096);
+
+	for (iosize = 0; iosize < len; iosize += bsize)
+		;
+	n = read(afd->fd, b, iosize);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return n;
+	lseek(afd->fd, len - n, 1);
+	if (n > len)
+		n = len;
+	memcpy(buf, b, n);
+	return n;
+}
+
+static int awrite(struct align_fd *afd, void *buf, int len)
+{
+	/* aligned write.
+	 * On devices with a 4K sector size, we need to write
+	 * the full sector.  We pre-read if the sector is larger
+	 * than the write.
+	 * The address must be sector-aligned.
+	 */
+	int bsize, iosize;
+	char *b;
+	int n;
+
+	bsize = afd->blk_sz;
+	if (!bsize || bsize > 4096 || len > 4096) {
+		if (!bsize)
+			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING - awrite() called with invalid block size\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	b = ROUND_UP_PTR((char *)abuf, 4096);
+
+	for (iosize = 0; iosize < len ; iosize += bsize)
+		;
+
+	if (len != iosize) {
+		n = read(afd->fd, b, iosize);
+		if (n <= 0)
+			return n;
+		lseek(afd->fd, -n, 1);
+	}
+
+	memcpy(b, buf, len);
+	n = write(afd->fd, b, iosize);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return n;
+	lseek(afd->fd, len - n, 1);
+	return len;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int md_feature_any_ppl_on(__u32 feature_map)
+{
+	return ((__cpu_to_le32(feature_map) &
+	    (MD_FEATURE_PPL | MD_FEATURE_MUTLIPLE_PPLS)));
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int choose_ppl_space(int chunk)
+{
+	return (PPL_HEADER_SIZE >> 9) + (chunk > 128*2 ? chunk : 128*2);
+}
+
+static void examine_super1(struct supertype *st, char *homehost)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	bitmap_super_t *bms = (bitmap_super_t*)(((char*)sb)+MAX_SB_SIZE);
+	time_t atime;
+	unsigned int d;
+	int role;
+	int delta_extra = 0;
+	int i;
+	char *c;
+	int l = homehost ? strlen(homehost) : 0;
+	int layout;
+	unsigned long long sb_offset;
+	struct mdinfo info;
+	int inconsistent = 0;
+
+	printf("          Magic : %08x\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->magic));
+	printf("        Version : 1");
+	sb_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset);
+	if (sb_offset <= 4)
+		printf(".1\n");
+	else if (sb_offset <= 8)
+		printf(".2\n");
+	else
+		printf(".0\n");
+	printf("    Feature Map : 0x%x\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map));
+	printf("     Array UUID : ");
+	for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
+		if ((i&3)==0 && i != 0) printf(":");
+		printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	printf("           Name : %.32s", sb->set_name);
+	if (l > 0 && l < 32 &&
+	    sb->set_name[l] == ':' &&
+	    strncmp(sb->set_name, homehost, l) == 0)
+		printf("  (local to host %s)", homehost);
+	printf("\n");
+	if (bms->nodes > 0 &&
+	    (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET))
+		printf("   Cluster Name : %-64s\n", bms->cluster_name);
+	atime = __le64_to_cpu(sb->ctime) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFULL;
+	printf("  Creation Time : %.24s\n", ctime(&atime));
+	c=map_num(pers, __le32_to_cpu(sb->level));
+	printf("     Raid Level : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
+	printf("   Raid Devices : %d\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks));
+	printf("\n");
+	printf(" Avail Dev Size : %llu sectors%s\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size),
+	       human_size(__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size)<<9));
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) > 0) {
+		int ddsks = 0, ddsks_denom = 1;
+		switch(__le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
+		case 1: ddsks=1;break;
+		case 4:
+		case 5: ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)-1; break;
+		case 6: ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)-2; break;
+		case 10:
+			layout = __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout);
+			ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks);
+			ddsks_denom = (layout&255) * ((layout>>8)&255);
+		}
+		if (ddsks) {
+			long long asize = __le64_to_cpu(sb->size);
+			asize = (asize << 9) * ddsks / ddsks_denom;
+			printf("     Array Size : %llu KiB%s\n",
+			       asize >> 10,  human_size(asize));
+		}
+		if (sb->size != sb->data_size)
+			printf("  Used Dev Size : %llu sectors%s\n",
+			       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->size),
+			       human_size(__le64_to_cpu(sb->size)<<9));
+	}
+	if (sb->data_offset)
+		printf("    Data Offset : %llu sectors\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset));
+	if (sb->new_offset &&
+	    (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_NEW_OFFSET)) {
+		unsigned long long offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset);
+		offset += (signed)(int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_offset);
+		printf("     New Offset : %llu sectors\n", offset);
+	}
+	printf("   Super Offset : %llu sectors\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset));
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_RECOVERY_OFFSET)
+		printf("Recovery Offset : %llu sectors\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->recovery_offset));
+
+	st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info, NULL);
+	if (info.space_after != 1 &&
+	    !(__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_NEW_OFFSET))
+		printf("   Unused Space : before=%llu sectors, after=%llu sectors\n",
+		       info.space_before, info.space_after);
+
+	printf("          State : %s\n",
+	       (__le64_to_cpu(sb->resync_offset)+1)? "active":"clean");
+	printf("    Device UUID : ");
+	for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
+		if ((i&3)==0 && i != 0)
+			printf(":");
+		printf("%02x", sb->device_uuid[i]);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	printf("\n");
+	if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+		printf("Internal Bitmap : %ld sectors from superblock\n",
+		       (long)(int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bitmap_offset));
+	} else if (md_feature_any_ppl_on(sb->feature_map)) {
+		printf("            PPL : %u sectors at offset %d sectors from superblock\n",
+		       __le16_to_cpu(sb->ppl.size),
+		       __le16_to_cpu(sb->ppl.offset));
+	}
+	if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE)) {
+		printf("  Reshape pos'n : %llu%s\n", (unsigned long long)
+		       __le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position)/2,
+		       human_size(__le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position)<<9));
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks)) {
+			printf("  Delta Devices : %d",
+			       __le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks));
+			printf(" (%d->%d)\n",
+			       __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks) -
+			       __le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks),
+			       __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks));
+			if ((int)__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks) < 0)
+				delta_extra = -__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks);
+		}
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_level) != __le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
+			c = map_num(pers, __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_level));
+			printf("      New Level : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
+		}
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout) !=
+		    __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout)) {
+			if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 5) {
+				c = map_num(r5layout,
+					    __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout));
+				printf("     New Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
+			}
+			if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 6) {
+				c = map_num(r6layout,
+					    __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout));
+				printf("     New Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
+			}
+			if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 10) {
+				printf("     New Layout :");
+				print_r10_layout(__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout));
+				printf("\n");
+			}
+		}
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_chunk) !=
+		    __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize))
+			printf("  New Chunksize : %dK\n",
+			       __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_chunk)/2);
+		printf("\n");
+	}
+	if (sb->devflags) {
+		printf("          Flags :");
+		if (sb->devflags & WriteMostly1)
+			printf(" write-mostly");
+		if (sb->devflags & FailFast1)
+			printf(" failfast");
+		printf("\n");
+	}
+
+	atime = __le64_to_cpu(sb->utime) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFULL;
+	printf("    Update Time : %.24s\n", ctime(&atime));
+
+	if (sb->bblog_size && sb->bblog_offset) {
+		printf("  Bad Block Log : %d entries available at offset %ld sectors",
+		       __le16_to_cpu(sb->bblog_size)*512/8,
+		       (long)(int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bblog_offset));
+		if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BAD_BLOCKS))
+			printf(" - bad blocks present.");
+		printf("\n");
+	}
+
+	if (calc_sb_1_csum(sb) == sb->sb_csum)
+		printf("       Checksum : %x - correct\n",
+		       __le32_to_cpu(sb->sb_csum));
+	else
+		printf("       Checksum : %x - expected %x\n",
+		       __le32_to_cpu(sb->sb_csum),
+		       __le32_to_cpu(calc_sb_1_csum(sb)));
+	printf("         Events : %llu\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->events));
+	printf("\n");
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 0 &&
+	    (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT))) {
+		c = map_num(r0layout, __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout));
+		printf("         Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
+	}
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 5) {
+		c = map_num(r5layout, __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout));
+		printf("         Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
+	}
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 6) {
+		c = map_num(r6layout, __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout));
+		printf("         Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
+	}
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 10) {
+		int lo = __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout);
+		printf("         Layout :");
+		print_r10_layout(lo);
+		printf("\n");
+	}
+	switch(__le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
+	case 0:
+	case 4:
+	case 5:
+	case 6:
+	case 10:
+		printf("     Chunk Size : %dK\n",
+		       __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize)/2);
+		break;
+	case -1:
+		printf("       Rounding : %dK\n",
+		       __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize)/2);
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+#if 0
+	/* This turns out to just be confusing */
+	printf("    Array Slot : %d (", __le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number));
+	for (i = __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); i> 0 ; i--)
+		if (__le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i-1]) != MD_DISK_ROLE_SPARE)
+			break;
+	for (d = 0; d < i; d++) {
+		int role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[d]);
+		if (d)
+			printf(", ");
+		if (role == MD_DISK_ROLE_SPARE)
+			printf("empty");
+		else
+			if(role == MD_DISK_ROLE_FAULTY)
+				printf("failed");
+			else
+				printf("%d", role);
+	}
+	printf(")\n");
+#endif
+	printf("   Device Role : ");
+	role = role_from_sb(sb);
+	if (role >= MD_DISK_ROLE_FAULTY)
+		printf("spare\n");
+	else if (role == MD_DISK_ROLE_JOURNAL)
+		printf("Journal\n");
+	else if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_REPLACEMENT))
+		printf("Replacement device %d\n", role);
+	else
+		printf("Active device %d\n", role);
+
+	printf("   Array State : ");
+	for (d = 0; d < __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks) + delta_extra; d++) {
+		int cnt = 0;
+		unsigned int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); i++) {
+			unsigned int role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i]);
+			if (role == d)
+				cnt++;
+		}
+		if (cnt == 2 && __le32_to_cpu(sb->level) > 0)
+			printf("R");
+		else if (cnt == 1)
+			printf("A");
+		else if (cnt == 0)
+			printf(".");
+		else {
+			printf("?");
+			inconsistent = 1;
+		}
+	}
+#if 0
+	/* This is confusing too */
+	faulty = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i< __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); i++) {
+		int role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i]);
+		if (role == MD_DISK_ROLE_FAULTY)
+			faulty++;
+	}
+	if (faulty)
+		printf(" %d failed", faulty);
+#endif
+	printf(" ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)");
+	printf("\n");
+	for (d = 0; d < __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); d++) {
+		unsigned int r = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[d]);
+		if (r <= MD_DISK_ROLE_MAX &&
+		    r > __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks) + delta_extra)
+			inconsistent = 1;
+	}
+	if (inconsistent) {
+		printf("WARNING Array state is inconsistent - each number should appear only once\n");
+		for (d = 0; d < __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); d++)
+			if (__le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[d]) >= MD_DISK_ROLE_FAULTY)
+				printf(" %d:-", d);
+			else
+				printf(" %d:%d", d, __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[d]));
+		printf("\n");
+	}
+}
+
+static void brief_examine_super1(struct supertype *st, int verbose)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	int i;
+	unsigned long long sb_offset;
+	char *nm;
+	char *c = map_num(pers, __le32_to_cpu(sb->level));
+
+	nm = strchr(sb->set_name, ':');
+	if (nm)
+		nm++;
+	else if (sb->set_name[0])
+		nm = sb->set_name;
+	else
+		nm = NULL;
+
+	printf("ARRAY ");
+	if (nm) {
+		printf("/dev/md/");
+		print_escape(nm);
+		putchar(' ');
+	}
+	if (verbose && c)
+		printf(" level=%s", c);
+	sb_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset);
+	if (sb_offset <= 4)
+		printf(" metadata=1.1 ");
+	else if (sb_offset <= 8)
+		printf(" metadata=1.2 ");
+	else
+		printf(" metadata=1.0 ");
+	if (verbose)
+		printf("num-devices=%d ", __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks));
+	printf("UUID=");
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if ((i&3)==0 && i != 0)
+			printf(":");
+		printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
+	}
+	if (sb->set_name[0]) {
+		printf(" name=");
+		print_quoted(sb->set_name);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+}
+
+static void export_examine_super1(struct supertype *st)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	int i;
+	int len = 32;
+	int layout;
+
+	printf("MD_LEVEL=%s\n", map_num(pers, __le32_to_cpu(sb->level)));
+	printf("MD_DEVICES=%d\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks));
+	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)
+		if (sb->set_name[i] == '\n' || sb->set_name[i] == '\0') {
+			len = i;
+			break;
+		}
+	if (len)
+		printf("MD_NAME=%.*s\n", len, sb->set_name);
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) > 0) {
+		int ddsks = 0, ddsks_denom = 1;
+		switch(__le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
+			case 1:
+				ddsks = 1;
+				break;
+			case 4:
+			case 5:
+				ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)-1;
+				break;
+			case 6:
+				ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)-2;
+				break;
+			case 10:
+				layout = __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout);
+				ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks);
+				ddsks_denom = (layout&255) * ((layout>>8)&255);
+			}
+		if (ddsks) {
+			long long asize = __le64_to_cpu(sb->size);
+			asize = (asize << 9) * ddsks / ddsks_denom;
+			printf("MD_ARRAY_SIZE=%s\n",
+			       human_size_brief(asize, JEDEC));
+		}
+	}
+	printf("MD_UUID=");
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if ((i&3) == 0 && i != 0)
+			printf(":");
+		printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	printf("MD_UPDATE_TIME=%llu\n",
+	       __le64_to_cpu(sb->utime) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFULL);
+	printf("MD_DEV_UUID=");
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if ((i&3) == 0 && i != 0)
+			printf(":");
+		printf("%02x", sb->device_uuid[i]);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	printf("MD_EVENTS=%llu\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->events));
+}
+
+static int copy_metadata1(struct supertype *st, int from, int to)
+{
+	/* Read superblock.  If it looks good, write it out.
+	 * Then if a bitmap is present, copy that.
+	 * And if a bad-block-list is present, copy that too.
+	 */
+	void *buf;
+	unsigned long long dsize, sb_offset;
+	const int bufsize = 4*1024;
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 super, *sb;
+
+	if (posix_memalign(&buf, 4096, bufsize) != 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!get_dev_size(from, NULL, &dsize))
+		goto err;
+
+	dsize >>= 9;
+	if (dsize < 24)
+		goto err;
+	switch(st->minor_version) {
+	case 0:
+		sb_offset = dsize;
+		sb_offset -= 8*2;
+		sb_offset &= ~(4*2-1);
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		sb_offset = 0;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		sb_offset = 4*2;
+		break;
+	default:
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	if (lseek64(from, sb_offset << 9, 0) < 0LL)
+		goto err;
+	if (read(from, buf, bufsize) != bufsize)
+		goto err;
+
+	sb = buf;
+	super = *sb; // save most of sb for when we reuse buf
+
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(super.magic) != MD_SB_MAGIC ||
+	    __le32_to_cpu(super.major_version) != 1 ||
+	    __le64_to_cpu(super.super_offset) != sb_offset ||
+	    calc_sb_1_csum(sb) != super.sb_csum)
+		goto err;
+
+	if (lseek64(to, sb_offset << 9, 0) < 0LL)
+		goto err;
+	if (write(to, buf, bufsize) != bufsize)
+		goto err;
+
+	if (super.feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+		unsigned long long bitmap_offset = sb_offset;
+		int bytes = 4096; // just an estimate.
+		int written = 0;
+		struct align_fd afrom, ato;
+
+		init_afd(&afrom, from);
+		init_afd(&ato, to);
+
+		bitmap_offset += (int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(super.bitmap_offset);
+
+		if (lseek64(from, bitmap_offset<<9, 0) < 0)
+			goto err;
+		if (lseek64(to, bitmap_offset<<9, 0) < 0)
+			goto err;
+
+		for (written = 0; written < bytes ; ) {
+			int n = bytes - written;
+			if (n > 4096)
+				n = 4096;
+			if (aread(&afrom, buf, n) != n)
+				goto err;
+			if (written == 0) {
+				/* have the header, can calculate
+				 * correct bitmap bytes */
+				bitmap_super_t *bms;
+				bms = (void*)buf;
+				bytes = calc_bitmap_size(bms, 512);
+				if (n > bytes)
+					n =  bytes;
+			}
+			if (awrite(&ato, buf, n) != n)
+				goto err;
+			written += n;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (super.bblog_size != 0 &&
+	    __le16_to_cpu(super.bblog_size) <= 100 &&
+	    super.bblog_offset != 0 &&
+	    (super.feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_BAD_BLOCKS))) {
+		/* There is a bad block log */
+		unsigned long long bb_offset = sb_offset;
+		int bytes = __le16_to_cpu(super.bblog_size) * 512;
+		int written = 0;
+		struct align_fd afrom, ato;
+
+		init_afd(&afrom, from);
+		init_afd(&ato, to);
+
+		bb_offset += (int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(super.bblog_offset);
+
+		if (lseek64(from, bb_offset<<9, 0) < 0)
+			goto err;
+		if (lseek64(to, bb_offset<<9, 0) < 0)
+			goto err;
+
+		for (written = 0; written < bytes ; ) {
+			int n = bytes - written;
+			if (n > 4096)
+				n = 4096;
+			if (aread(&afrom, buf, n) != n)
+				goto err;
+
+			if (awrite(&ato, buf, n) != n)
+				goto err;
+			written += n;
+		}
+	}
+
+	free(buf);
+	return 0;
+
+err:
+	free(buf);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void detail_super1(struct supertype *st, char *homehost, char *subarray)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	bitmap_super_t *bms = (bitmap_super_t*)(((char*)sb) + MAX_SB_SIZE);
+	int i;
+	int l = homehost ? strlen(homehost) : 0;
+
+	printf("              Name : %.32s", sb->set_name);
+	if (l > 0 && l < 32 && sb->set_name[l] == ':' &&
+	    strncmp(sb->set_name, homehost, l) == 0)
+		printf("  (local to host %s)", homehost);
+	if (bms->nodes > 0 &&
+	    (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET))
+		printf("\n      Cluster Name : %-64s", bms->cluster_name);
+	printf("\n              UUID : ");
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if ((i&3) == 0 && i != 0)
+			printf(":");
+		printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
+	}
+	printf("\n            Events : %llu\n\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->events));
+}
+
+static void brief_detail_super1(struct supertype *st, char *subarray)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	int i;
+
+	if (sb->set_name[0]) {
+		printf(" name=");
+		print_quoted(sb->set_name);
+	}
+	printf(" UUID=");
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if ((i & 3) == 0 && i != 0)
+			printf(":");
+		printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+static void export_detail_super1(struct supertype *st)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	int i;
+	int len = 32;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)
+		if (sb->set_name[i] == '\n' || sb->set_name[i] == '\0') {
+			len = i;
+			break;
+		}
+	if (len)
+		printf("MD_NAME=%.*s\n", len, sb->set_name);
+}
+
+static int examine_badblocks_super1(struct supertype *st, int fd, char *devname)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	unsigned long long offset;
+	int size;
+	__u64 *bbl, *bbp;
+	int i;
+
+	if  (!sb->bblog_size || __le16_to_cpu(sb->bblog_size) > 100 ||
+	     !sb->bblog_offset){
+		printf("No bad-blocks list configured on %s\n", devname);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if ((sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BAD_BLOCKS)) == 0) {
+		printf("Bad-blocks list is empty in %s\n", devname);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	size = __le16_to_cpu(sb->bblog_size)* 512;
+	if (posix_memalign((void**)&bbl, 4096, size) != 0) {
+		pr_err("could not allocate badblocks list\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset) +
+		(int)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bblog_offset);
+	offset <<= 9;
+	if (lseek64(fd, offset, 0) < 0) {
+		pr_err("Cannot seek to bad-blocks list\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (read(fd, bbl, size) != size) {
+		pr_err("Cannot read bad-blocks list\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+	/* 64bits per entry. 10 bits is block-count, 54 bits is block
+	 * offset.  Blocks are sectors unless bblog->shift makes them bigger
+	 */
+	bbp = (__u64*)bbl;
+	printf("Bad-blocks on %s:\n", devname);
+	for (i = 0; i < size/8; i++, bbp++) {
+		__u64 bb = __le64_to_cpu(*bbp);
+		int count = bb & 0x3ff;
+		unsigned long long sector = bb >> 10;
+
+		if (bb + 1 == 0)
+			break;
+
+		sector <<= sb->bblog_shift;
+		count <<= sb->bblog_shift;
+
+		printf("%20llu for %d sectors\n", sector, count);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int match_home1(struct supertype *st, char *homehost)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	int l = homehost ? strlen(homehost) : 0;
+
+	return (l > 0 && l < 32 && sb->set_name[l] == ':' &&
+		strncmp(sb->set_name, homehost, l) == 0);
+}
+
+static void uuid_from_super1(struct supertype *st, int uuid[4])
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *super = st->sb;
+	char *cuuid = (char*)uuid;
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+		cuuid[i] = super->set_uuid[i];
+}
+
+static void getinfo_super1(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, char *map)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	struct bitmap_super_s *bsb = (void*)(((char*)sb)+MAX_SB_SIZE);
+	struct misc_dev_info *misc =
+		(void*)(((char*)sb)+MAX_SB_SIZE+BM_SUPER_SIZE);
+	int working = 0;
+	unsigned int i;
+	unsigned int role;
+	unsigned int map_disks = info->array.raid_disks;
+	unsigned long long super_offset;
+	unsigned long long data_size;
+
+	memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
+	info->array.major_version = 1;
+	info->array.minor_version = st->minor_version;
+	info->array.patch_version = 0;
+	info->array.raid_disks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks);
+	info->array.level = __le32_to_cpu(sb->level);
+	info->array.layout = __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout);
+	info->array.md_minor = -1;
+	info->array.ctime = __le64_to_cpu(sb->ctime);
+	info->array.utime = __le64_to_cpu(sb->utime);
+	info->array.chunk_size = __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize)*512;
+	info->array.state =
+		(__le64_to_cpu(sb->resync_offset) == MaxSector)	? 1 : 0;
+
+	super_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset);
+	info->data_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset);
+	info->component_size = __le64_to_cpu(sb->size);
+	if (sb->feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+		info->bitmap_offset = (int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bitmap_offset);
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(bsb->nodes) > 1)
+			info->array.state |= (1 << MD_SB_CLUSTERED);
+	} else if (md_feature_any_ppl_on(sb->feature_map)) {
+		info->ppl_offset = __le16_to_cpu(sb->ppl.offset);
+		info->ppl_size = __le16_to_cpu(sb->ppl.size);
+		info->ppl_sector = super_offset + info->ppl_offset;
+	}
+
+	info->disk.major = 0;
+	info->disk.minor = 0;
+	info->disk.number = __le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number);
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number) >= __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev) ||
+	    __le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number) >= MAX_DEVS)
+		role = MD_DISK_ROLE_FAULTY;
+	else
+		role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[__le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number)]);
+
+	if (info->array.level <= 0)
+		data_size = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size);
+	else
+		data_size = __le64_to_cpu(sb->size);
+	if (info->data_offset < super_offset) {
+		unsigned long long end;
+		info->space_before = info->data_offset;
+		end = super_offset;
+
+		if (sb->bblog_offset && sb->bblog_size) {
+			unsigned long long bboffset = super_offset;
+			bboffset += (int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bblog_offset);
+			if (bboffset < end)
+				end = bboffset;
+		}
+
+		if (super_offset + info->bitmap_offset + info->ppl_offset < end)
+			end = super_offset + info->bitmap_offset +
+				info->ppl_offset;
+
+		if (info->data_offset + data_size < end)
+			info->space_after = end - data_size - info->data_offset;
+		else
+			info->space_after = 0;
+	} else {
+		unsigned long long earliest;
+		earliest = super_offset + (32+4)*2; /* match kernel */
+		if (info->bitmap_offset > 0) {
+			unsigned long long bmend = info->bitmap_offset;
+			unsigned long long size = calc_bitmap_size(bsb, 4096);
+			size /= 512;
+			bmend += size;
+			if (bmend > earliest)
+				earliest = bmend;
+		} else if (info->ppl_offset > 0) {
+			unsigned long long pplend;
+
+			pplend = info->ppl_offset + info->ppl_size;
+			if (pplend > earliest)
+				earliest = pplend;
+		}
+		if (sb->bblog_offset && sb->bblog_size) {
+			unsigned long long bbend = super_offset;
+			bbend += (int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bblog_offset);
+			bbend += __le16_to_cpu(sb->bblog_size);
+			if (bbend > earliest)
+				earliest = bbend;
+		}
+		if (earliest < info->data_offset)
+			info->space_before = info->data_offset - earliest;
+		else
+			info->space_before = 0;
+		info->space_after = misc->device_size - data_size -
+			info->data_offset;
+	}
+	if (info->space_before == 0 && info->space_after == 0) {
+		/* It will look like we don't support data_offset changes,
+		 * be we do - it's just that there is no room.
+		 * A change that reduced the number of devices should
+		 * still be allowed, so set the otherwise useless value of '1'
+		 */
+		info->space_after = 1;
+	}
+
+	info->disk.raid_disk = -1;
+	switch(role) {
+	case MD_DISK_ROLE_SPARE:
+		/* spare: not active, not sync, not faulty */
+		info->disk.state = 0;
+		break;
+	case MD_DISK_ROLE_FAULTY:
+		info->disk.state = (1 << MD_DISK_FAULTY); /* faulty */
+		break;
+	case MD_DISK_ROLE_JOURNAL:
+		info->disk.state = (1 << MD_DISK_JOURNAL);
+		info->disk.raid_disk = role;
+		/* journal uses all 4kB blocks*/
+		info->space_after = (misc->device_size - info->data_offset) % 8;
+		break;
+	default:
+		info->disk.state = 6; /* active and in sync */
+		info->disk.raid_disk = role;
+	}
+	if (sb->devflags & WriteMostly1)
+		info->disk.state |= (1 << MD_DISK_WRITEMOSTLY);
+	if (sb->devflags & FailFast1)
+		info->disk.state |= (1 << MD_DISK_FAILFAST);
+	info->events = __le64_to_cpu(sb->events);
+	sprintf(info->text_version, "1.%d", st->minor_version);
+	info->safe_mode_delay = 200;
+
+	memcpy(info->uuid, sb->set_uuid, 16);
+
+	strncpy(info->name, sb->set_name, 32);
+	info->name[32] = 0;
+
+	if ((__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map)&MD_FEATURE_REPLACEMENT)) {
+		info->disk.state &= ~(1 << MD_DISK_SYNC);
+		info->disk.state |=  1 << MD_DISK_REPLACEMENT;
+	}
+
+	if (sb->feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_RECOVERY_OFFSET))
+		info->recovery_start = __le32_to_cpu(sb->recovery_offset);
+	else
+		info->recovery_start = MaxSector;
+
+	if (sb->feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE)) {
+		info->reshape_active = 1;
+		if ((sb->feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_NEW_OFFSET)) &&
+		    sb->new_offset != 0)
+			info->reshape_active |= RESHAPE_NO_BACKUP;
+		info->reshape_progress = __le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position);
+		info->new_level = __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_level);
+		info->delta_disks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks);
+		info->new_layout = __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout);
+		info->new_chunk = __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_chunk)<<9;
+		if (info->delta_disks < 0)
+			info->array.raid_disks -= info->delta_disks;
+	} else
+		info->reshape_active = 0;
+
+	info->recovery_blocked = info->reshape_active;
+
+	if (map)
+		for (i=0; i<map_disks; i++)
+			map[i] = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); i++) {
+		role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i]);
+		if (/*role == MD_DISK_ROLE_SPARE || */role < (unsigned) info->array.raid_disks) {
+			working++;
+			if (map && role < map_disks)
+				map[role] = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	info->array.working_disks = working;
+
+	if (sb->feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_JOURNAL)) {
+		info->journal_device_required = 1;
+		info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_JOURNAL;
+	} else if (md_feature_any_ppl_on(sb->feature_map)) {
+		info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL;
+	} else if (sb->feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+		info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_BITMAP;
+	} else if (info->array.level <= 0) {
+		info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_NONE;
+	} else {
+		info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_RESYNC;
+	}
+
+	info->journal_clean = 0;
+}
+
+static struct mdinfo *container_content1(struct supertype *st, char *subarray)
+{
+	struct mdinfo *info;
+
+	if (subarray)
+		return NULL;
+
+	info = xmalloc(sizeof(*info));
+	getinfo_super1(st, info, NULL);
+	return info;
+}
+
+static int update_super1(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info,
+			 char *update, char *devname, int verbose,
+			 int uuid_set, char *homehost)
+{
+	/* NOTE: for 'assemble' and 'force' we need to return non-zero
+	 * if any change was made.  For others, the return value is
+	 * ignored.
+	 */
+	int rv = 0;
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	bitmap_super_t *bms = (bitmap_super_t*)(((char*)sb) + MAX_SB_SIZE);
+
+	if (strcmp(update, "homehost") == 0 &&
+	    homehost) {
+		/* Note that 'homehost' is special as it is really
+		 * a "name" update.
+		 */
+		char *c;
+		update = "name";
+		c = strchr(sb->set_name, ':');
+		if (c)
+			strncpy(info->name, c+1, 31 - (c-sb->set_name));
+		else
+			strncpy(info->name, sb->set_name, 32);
+		info->name[32] = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(update, "force-one")==0) {
+		/* Not enough devices for a working array,
+		 * so bring this one up-to-date
+		 */
+		if (sb->events != __cpu_to_le64(info->events))
+			rv = 1;
+		sb->events = __cpu_to_le64(info->events);
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "force-array")==0) {
+		/* Degraded array and 'force' requests to
+		 * maybe need to mark it 'clean'.
+		 */
+		switch(__le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
+		case 4:
+		case 5:
+		case 6:
+			/* need to force clean */
+			if (sb->resync_offset != MaxSector)
+				rv = 1;
+			sb->resync_offset = MaxSector;
+		}
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "assemble")==0) {
+		int d = info->disk.number;
+		int want;
+		if (info->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_ACTIVE))
+			want = info->disk.raid_disk;
+		else if (info->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_JOURNAL))
+			want = MD_DISK_ROLE_JOURNAL;
+		else
+			want = MD_DISK_ROLE_SPARE;
+		if (sb->dev_roles[d] != __cpu_to_le16(want)) {
+			sb->dev_roles[d] = __cpu_to_le16(want);
+			rv = 1;
+		}
+		if (info->reshape_active &&
+		    sb->feature_map &
+		    __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE) &&
+		    info->delta_disks >= 0 &&
+		    info->reshape_progress <
+		    __le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position)) {
+			sb->reshape_position =
+				__cpu_to_le64(info->reshape_progress);
+			rv = 1;
+		}
+		if (info->reshape_active &&
+		    sb->feature_map &
+		    __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE) &&
+		    info->delta_disks < 0 &&
+		    info->reshape_progress >
+		    __le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position)) {
+			sb->reshape_position =
+				__cpu_to_le64(info->reshape_progress);
+			rv = 1;
+		}
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "linear-grow-new") == 0) {
+		int i;
+		int fd;
+		int max = __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev);
+
+		if (max > MAX_DEVS)
+			return -2;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < max; i++)
+			if (__le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i]) >=
+			    MD_DISK_ROLE_FAULTY)
+				break;
+		if (i != info->disk.number)
+			return -2;
+		sb->dev_number = __cpu_to_le32(i);
+
+		if (i == max)
+			sb->max_dev = __cpu_to_le32(max+1);
+		if (i > max)
+			return -2;
+
+		random_uuid(sb->device_uuid);
+
+		sb->dev_roles[i] = __cpu_to_le16(info->disk.raid_disk);
+
+		fd = open(devname, O_RDONLY);
+		if (fd >= 0) {
+			unsigned long long ds;
+			get_dev_size(fd, devname, &ds);
+			close(fd);
+			ds >>= 9;
+			if (__le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset) <
+			    __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset)) {
+				sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(
+					ds - __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset));
+			} else {
+				ds -= 8*2;
+				ds &= ~(unsigned long long)(4*2-1);
+				sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(ds);
+				sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(
+					ds - __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset));
+			}
+		}
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "linear-grow-update") == 0) {
+		int max = __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev);
+		int i = info->disk.number;
+		if (max > MAX_DEVS || i > MAX_DEVS)
+			return -2;
+		if (i > max)
+			return -2;
+		if (i == max)
+			sb->max_dev = __cpu_to_le32(max+1);
+		sb->raid_disks = __cpu_to_le32(info->array.raid_disks);
+		sb->dev_roles[info->disk.number] =
+			__cpu_to_le16(info->disk.raid_disk);
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "resync") == 0) {
+		/* make sure resync happens */
+		sb->resync_offset = 0ULL;
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "uuid") == 0) {
+		copy_uuid(sb->set_uuid, info->uuid, super1.swapuuid);
+
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)
+			memcpy(bms->uuid, sb->set_uuid, 16);
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "no-bitmap") == 0) {
+		sb->feature_map &= ~__cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET);
+		if (bms->version == BITMAP_MAJOR_CLUSTERED && !IsBitmapDirty(devname))
+			sb->resync_offset = MaxSector;
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "bbl") == 0) {
+		/* only possible if there is room after the bitmap, or if
+		 * there is no bitmap
+		 */
+		unsigned long long sb_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset);
+		unsigned long long data_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset);
+		long bitmap_offset = 0;
+		long bm_sectors = 0;
+		long space;
+
+		if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+			bitmap_offset = (long)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bitmap_offset);
+			bm_sectors = calc_bitmap_size(bms, 4096) >> 9;
+		} else if (md_feature_any_ppl_on(sb->feature_map)) {
+			bitmap_offset = (long)__le16_to_cpu(sb->ppl.offset);
+			bm_sectors = (long)__le16_to_cpu(sb->ppl.size);
+		}
+
+		if (sb_offset < data_offset) {
+			/*
+			 * 1.1 or 1.2.  Put bbl after bitmap leaving
+			 * at least 32K
+			 */
+			long bb_offset;
+			bb_offset = sb_offset + 8;
+			if (bm_sectors && bitmap_offset > 0)
+				bb_offset = bitmap_offset + bm_sectors;
+			while (bb_offset < (long)sb_offset + 8 + 32*2 &&
+			       bb_offset + 8+8 <= (long)data_offset)
+				/* too close to bitmap, and room to grow */
+				bb_offset += 8;
+			if (bb_offset + 8 <= (long)data_offset) {
+				sb->bblog_size = __cpu_to_le16(8);
+				sb->bblog_offset = __cpu_to_le32(bb_offset);
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* 1.0 - Put bbl just before super block */
+			if (bm_sectors && bitmap_offset < 0)
+				space = -bitmap_offset - bm_sectors;
+			else
+				space = sb_offset - data_offset -
+					__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size);
+			if (space >= 8) {
+				sb->bblog_size = __cpu_to_le16(8);
+				sb->bblog_offset = __cpu_to_le32((unsigned)-8);
+			}
+		}
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "no-bbl") == 0) {
+		if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BAD_BLOCKS))
+			pr_err("Cannot remove active bbl from %s\n",devname);
+		else {
+			sb->bblog_size = 0;
+			sb->bblog_shift = 0;
+			sb->bblog_offset = 0;
+		}
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "force-no-bbl") == 0) {
+		sb->feature_map &= ~ __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BAD_BLOCKS);
+		sb->bblog_size = 0;
+		sb->bblog_shift = 0;
+		sb->bblog_offset = 0;
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "ppl") == 0) {
+		unsigned long long sb_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset);
+		unsigned long long data_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset);
+		unsigned long long data_size = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size);
+		long bb_offset = __le32_to_cpu(sb->bblog_offset);
+		int space;
+		int offset;
+
+		if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+			pr_err("Cannot add PPL to array with bitmap\n");
+			return -2;
+		}
+
+		if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_JOURNAL)) {
+			pr_err("Cannot add PPL to array with journal\n");
+			return -2;
+		}
+
+		if (sb_offset < data_offset) {
+			if (bb_offset)
+				space = bb_offset - 8;
+			else
+				space = data_offset - sb_offset - 8;
+			offset = 8;
+		} else {
+			offset = -(sb_offset - data_offset - data_size);
+			if (offset < INT16_MIN)
+				offset = INT16_MIN;
+			space = -(offset - bb_offset);
+		}
+
+		if (space < (PPL_HEADER_SIZE >> 9) + 8) {
+			pr_err("Not enough space to add ppl\n");
+			return -2;
+		}
+
+		if (space >= (MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_SUPER1 >> 9)) {
+			space = (MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_SUPER1 >> 9);
+		} else {
+			int optimal_space = choose_ppl_space(
+						__le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize));
+			if (space > optimal_space)
+				space = optimal_space;
+			if (space > UINT16_MAX)
+				space = UINT16_MAX;
+		}
+
+		sb->ppl.offset = __cpu_to_le16(offset);
+		sb->ppl.size = __cpu_to_le16(space);
+		sb->feature_map |= __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_PPL);
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "no-ppl") == 0) {
+		sb->feature_map &= ~__cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_PPL |
+						   MD_FEATURE_MUTLIPLE_PPLS);
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "name") == 0) {
+		if (info->name[0] == 0)
+			sprintf(info->name, "%d", info->array.md_minor);
+		memset(sb->set_name, 0, sizeof(sb->set_name));
+		if (homehost &&
+		    strchr(info->name, ':') == NULL &&
+		    strlen(homehost)+1+strlen(info->name) < 32) {
+			strcpy(sb->set_name, homehost);
+			strcat(sb->set_name, ":");
+			strcat(sb->set_name, info->name);
+		} else {
+			int namelen;
+
+			namelen = min((int)strlen(info->name),
+				      (int)sizeof(sb->set_name) - 1);
+			memcpy(sb->set_name, info->name, namelen);
+			memset(&sb->set_name[namelen], '\0',
+			       sizeof(sb->set_name) - namelen);
+		}
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "devicesize") == 0 &&
+		   __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset) <
+		   __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset)) {
+		/* set data_size to device size less data_offset */
+		struct misc_dev_info *misc = (struct misc_dev_info*)
+			(st->sb + MAX_SB_SIZE + BM_SUPER_SIZE);
+		sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(
+			misc->device_size - __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset));
+	} else if (strncmp(update, "revert-reshape", 14) == 0) {
+		rv = -2;
+		if (!(sb->feature_map &
+		      __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE)))
+			pr_err("No active reshape to revert on %s\n",
+			       devname);
+		else {
+			__u32 temp;
+			unsigned long long reshape_sectors;
+			long reshape_chunk;
+			rv = 0;
+			/* If the reshape hasn't started, just stop it.
+			 * It is conceivable that a stripe was modified but
+			 * the metadata not updated.  In that case the backup
+			 * should have been used to get passed the critical stage.
+			 * If that couldn't happen, the "-nobackup" version
+			 * will be used.
+			 */
+			if (strcmp(update, "revert-reshape-nobackup") == 0 &&
+			    sb->reshape_position == 0 &&
+			    (__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks) > 0 ||
+			     (__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks) == 0 &&
+			      !(sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_BACKWARDS))))) {
+				sb->feature_map &= ~__cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE);
+				sb->raid_disks = __cpu_to_le32(__le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks) -
+							       __le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks));
+				sb->delta_disks = 0;
+				goto done;
+			}
+			/* reshape_position is a little messy.
+			 * Its value must be a multiple of the larger
+			 * chunk size, and of the "after" data disks.
+			 * So when reverting we need to change it to
+			 * be a multiple of the new "after" data disks,
+			 * which is the old "before".
+			 * If it isn't already a multiple of 'before',
+			 * the only thing we could do would be
+			 * copy some block around on the disks, which
+			 * is easy to get wrong.
+			 * So we reject a revert-reshape unless the
+			 * alignment is good.
+			 */
+			if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) >= 4 &&
+			    __le32_to_cpu(sb->level) <= 6) {
+				reshape_sectors =
+					__le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position);
+				reshape_chunk = __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_chunk);
+				reshape_chunk *= __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks) -
+					__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks) -
+					(__le32_to_cpu(sb->level)==6 ? 2 : 1);
+				if (reshape_sectors % reshape_chunk) {
+					pr_err("Reshape position is not suitably aligned.\n");
+					pr_err("Try normal assembly and stop again\n");
+					return -2;
+				}
+			}
+			sb->raid_disks =
+				__cpu_to_le32(__le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks) -
+					      __le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks));
+			if (sb->delta_disks == 0)
+				sb->feature_map ^= __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_BACKWARDS);
+			else
+				sb->delta_disks = __cpu_to_le32(-__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks));
+
+			temp = sb->new_layout;
+			sb->new_layout = sb->layout;
+			sb->layout = temp;
+
+			temp = sb->new_chunk;
+			sb->new_chunk = sb->chunksize;
+			sb->chunksize = temp;
+
+			if (sb->feature_map &
+			    __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_NEW_OFFSET)) {
+				long offset_delta =
+					(int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_offset);
+				sb->data_offset = __cpu_to_le64(__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset) + offset_delta);
+				sb->new_offset = __cpu_to_le32(-offset_delta);
+				sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size) - offset_delta);
+			}
+		done:;
+		}
+	} else if (strcmp(update, "_reshape_progress") == 0)
+		sb->reshape_position = __cpu_to_le64(info->reshape_progress);
+	else if (strcmp(update, "writemostly") == 0)
+		sb->devflags |= WriteMostly1;
+	else if (strcmp(update, "readwrite") == 0)
+		sb->devflags &= ~WriteMostly1;
+	else if (strcmp(update, "failfast") == 0)
+		sb->devflags |= FailFast1;
+	else if (strcmp(update, "nofailfast") == 0)
+		sb->devflags &= ~FailFast1;
+	else if (strcmp(update, "layout-original") == 0 ||
+		 strcmp(update, "layout-alternate") == 0 ||
+		 strcmp(update, "layout-unspecified") == 0) {
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) != 0) {
+			pr_err("%s: %s only supported for RAID0\n",
+			       devname?:"", update);
+			rv = -1;
+		} else if (strcmp(update, "layout-unspecified") == 0) {
+			sb->feature_map &= ~__cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT);
+			sb->layout = 0;
+		} else {
+			sb->feature_map |= __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT);
+			sb->layout = __cpu_to_le32(update[7] == 'o' ? 1 : 2);
+		}
+	} else
+		rv = -1;
+
+	sb->sb_csum = calc_sb_1_csum(sb);
+
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static int init_super1(struct supertype *st, mdu_array_info_t *info,
+		       struct shape *s, char *name, char *homehost,
+		       int *uuid, unsigned long long data_offset)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb;
+	int spares;
+	char defname[10];
+	int sbsize;
+
+	if (posix_memalign((void**)&sb, 4096, SUPER1_SIZE) != 0) {
+		pr_err("could not allocate superblock\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	memset(sb, 0, SUPER1_SIZE);
+
+	st->sb = sb;
+	if (info == NULL) {
+		/* zeroing superblock */
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	spares = info->working_disks - info->active_disks;
+	if (info->raid_disks + spares  > MAX_DEVS) {
+		pr_err("too many devices requested: %d+%d > %d\n",
+			info->raid_disks , spares, MAX_DEVS);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	sb->magic = __cpu_to_le32(MD_SB_MAGIC);
+	sb->major_version = __cpu_to_le32(1);
+	sb->feature_map = 0;
+	sb->pad0 = 0;
+
+	if (uuid)
+		copy_uuid(sb->set_uuid, uuid, super1.swapuuid);
+	else
+		random_uuid(sb->set_uuid);;
+
+	if (name == NULL || *name == 0) {
+		sprintf(defname, "%d", info->md_minor);
+		name = defname;
+	}
+	if (homehost &&
+	    strchr(name, ':')== NULL &&
+	    strlen(homehost)+1+strlen(name) < 32) {
+		strcpy(sb->set_name, homehost);
+		strcat(sb->set_name, ":");
+		strcat(sb->set_name, name);
+	} else {
+		int namelen;
+
+		namelen = min((int)strlen(name),
+			      (int)sizeof(sb->set_name) - 1);
+		memcpy(sb->set_name, name, namelen);
+		memset(&sb->set_name[namelen], '\0',
+		       sizeof(sb->set_name) - namelen);
+	}
+
+	sb->ctime = __cpu_to_le64((unsigned long long)time(0));
+	sb->level = __cpu_to_le32(info->level);
+	sb->layout = __cpu_to_le32(info->layout);
+	sb->size = __cpu_to_le64(s->size*2ULL);
+	sb->chunksize = __cpu_to_le32(info->chunk_size>>9);
+	sb->raid_disks = __cpu_to_le32(info->raid_disks);
+
+	sb->data_offset = __cpu_to_le64(data_offset);
+	sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(0);
+	sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(0);
+	sb->recovery_offset = __cpu_to_le64(0);
+
+	sb->utime = sb->ctime;
+	sb->events = __cpu_to_le64(1);
+	if (info->state & (1<<MD_SB_CLEAN))
+		sb->resync_offset = MaxSector;
+	else
+		sb->resync_offset = 0;
+	sbsize = sizeof(struct mdp_superblock_1) +
+		2 * (info->raid_disks + spares);
+	sbsize = ROUND_UP(sbsize, 512);
+	sb->max_dev =
+		__cpu_to_le32((sbsize - sizeof(struct mdp_superblock_1)) / 2);
+
+	memset(sb->dev_roles, 0xff,
+	       MAX_SB_SIZE - sizeof(struct mdp_superblock_1));
+
+	if (s->consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL)
+		sb->feature_map |= __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_PPL);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+struct devinfo {
+	int fd;
+	char *devname;
+	long long data_offset;
+	unsigned long long dev_size;
+	mdu_disk_info_t disk;
+	struct devinfo *next;
+};
+
+/* Add a device to the superblock being created */
+static int add_to_super1(struct supertype *st, mdu_disk_info_t *dk,
+			 int fd, char *devname, unsigned long long data_offset)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	__u16 *rp = sb->dev_roles + dk->number;
+	struct devinfo *di, **dip;
+	int dk_state;
+
+	dk_state = dk->state & ~(1<<MD_DISK_FAILFAST);
+	if ((dk_state & (1<<MD_DISK_ACTIVE)) &&
+	    (dk_state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC)))/* active, sync */
+		*rp = __cpu_to_le16(dk->raid_disk);
+	else if (dk_state & (1<<MD_DISK_JOURNAL))
+                *rp = MD_DISK_ROLE_JOURNAL;
+	else if ((dk_state & ~(1<<MD_DISK_ACTIVE)) == 0)
+		/* active or idle -> spare */
+		*rp = MD_DISK_ROLE_SPARE;
+	else
+		*rp = MD_DISK_ROLE_FAULTY;
+
+	if (dk->number >= (int)__le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev) &&
+	    __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev) < MAX_DEVS)
+		sb->max_dev = __cpu_to_le32(dk->number+1);
+
+	sb->dev_number = __cpu_to_le32(dk->number);
+	sb->devflags = 0; /* don't copy another disks flags */
+	sb->sb_csum = calc_sb_1_csum(sb);
+
+	dip = (struct devinfo **)&st->info;
+	while (*dip)
+		dip = &(*dip)->next;
+	di = xmalloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
+	di->fd = fd;
+	di->devname = devname;
+	di->disk = *dk;
+	di->data_offset = data_offset;
+	get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &di->dev_size);
+	di->next = NULL;
+	*dip = di;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int locate_bitmap1(struct supertype *st, int fd, int node_num);
+
+static int store_super1(struct supertype *st, int fd)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	unsigned long long sb_offset;
+	struct align_fd afd;
+	int sbsize;
+	unsigned long long dsize;
+
+	if (!get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &dsize))
+		return 1;
+
+	dsize >>= 9;
+
+	if (dsize < 24)
+		return 2;
+
+	init_afd(&afd, fd);
+
+	/*
+	 * Calculate the position of the superblock.
+	 * It is always aligned to a 4K boundary and
+	 * depending on minor_version, it can be:
+	 * 0: At least 8K, but less than 12K, from end of device
+	 * 1: At start of device
+	 * 2: 4K from start of device.
+	 */
+	switch(st->minor_version) {
+	case 0:
+		sb_offset = dsize;
+		sb_offset -= 8*2;
+		sb_offset &= ~(4*2-1);
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		sb_offset = 0;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		sb_offset = 4*2;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (sb_offset != __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset) &&
+	    0 != __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset)
+		) {
+		pr_err("internal error - sb_offset is wrong\n");
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	if (lseek64(fd, sb_offset << 9, 0)< 0LL)
+		return 3;
+
+	sbsize = ROUND_UP(sizeof(*sb) + 2 * __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev), 512);
+
+	if (awrite(&afd, sb, sbsize) != sbsize)
+		return 4;
+
+	if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+		struct bitmap_super_s *bm = (struct bitmap_super_s*)
+			(((char*)sb)+MAX_SB_SIZE);
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(bm->magic) == BITMAP_MAGIC) {
+			locate_bitmap1(st, fd, 0);
+			if (awrite(&afd, bm, sizeof(*bm)) != sizeof(*bm))
+				return 5;
+		}
+	}
+	fsync(fd);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int load_super1(struct supertype *st, int fd, char *devname);
+
+static unsigned long choose_bm_space(unsigned long devsize)
+{
+	/* if the device is bigger than 8Gig, save 64k for bitmap usage,
+	 * if bigger than 200Gig, save 128k
+	 * NOTE: result must be multiple of 4K else bad things happen
+	 * on 4K-sector devices.
+	 */
+	if (devsize < 64*2)
+		return 0;
+	if (devsize - 64*2 >= 200*1024*1024*2)
+		return 128*2;
+	if (devsize - 4*2 > 8*1024*1024*2)
+		return 64*2;
+	return 4*2;
+}
+
+static void free_super1(struct supertype *st);
+
+__u32 crc32c_le(__u32 crc, unsigned char const *p, size_t len);
+
+static int write_init_ppl1(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, int fd)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	void *buf;
+	struct ppl_header *ppl_hdr;
+	int ret;
+
+	/* first clear entire ppl space */
+	ret = zero_disk_range(fd, info->ppl_sector, info->ppl_size);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = posix_memalign(&buf, 4096, PPL_HEADER_SIZE);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("Failed to allocate PPL header buffer\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	memset(buf, 0, PPL_HEADER_SIZE);
+	ppl_hdr = buf;
+	memset(ppl_hdr->reserved, 0xff, PPL_HDR_RESERVED);
+	ppl_hdr->signature = __cpu_to_le32(~crc32c_le(~0, sb->set_uuid,
+						      sizeof(sb->set_uuid)));
+	ppl_hdr->checksum = __cpu_to_le32(~crc32c_le(~0, buf, PPL_HEADER_SIZE));
+
+	if (lseek64(fd, info->ppl_sector * 512, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+		ret = errno;
+		perror("Failed to seek to PPL header location");
+	}
+
+	if (!ret && write(fd, buf, PPL_HEADER_SIZE) != PPL_HEADER_SIZE) {
+		ret = errno;
+		perror("Write PPL header failed");
+	}
+
+	if (!ret)
+		fsync(fd);
+
+	free(buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#define META_BLOCK_SIZE 4096
+
+static int write_empty_r5l_meta_block(struct supertype *st, int fd)
+{
+	struct r5l_meta_block *mb;
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	struct align_fd afd;
+	__u32 crc;
+
+	init_afd(&afd, fd);
+
+	if (posix_memalign((void**)&mb, 4096, META_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) {
+		pr_err("Could not allocate memory for the meta block.\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	memset(mb, 0, META_BLOCK_SIZE);
+
+	mb->magic = __cpu_to_le32(R5LOG_MAGIC);
+	mb->version = R5LOG_VERSION;
+	mb->meta_size = __cpu_to_le32(sizeof(struct r5l_meta_block));
+	mb->seq = __cpu_to_le64(random32());
+	mb->position = __cpu_to_le64(0);
+
+	crc = crc32c_le(0xffffffff, sb->set_uuid, sizeof(sb->set_uuid));
+	crc = crc32c_le(crc, (void *)mb, META_BLOCK_SIZE);
+	mb->checksum = crc;
+
+	if (lseek64(fd, __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset) * 512, 0) < 0LL) {
+		pr_err("cannot seek to offset of the meta block\n");
+		goto fail_to_write;
+	}
+
+	if (awrite(&afd, mb, META_BLOCK_SIZE) != META_BLOCK_SIZE) {
+		pr_err("failed to store write the meta block \n");
+		goto fail_to_write;
+	}
+	fsync(fd);
+
+	free(mb);
+	return 0;
+
+fail_to_write:
+	free(mb);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int write_init_super1(struct supertype *st)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	struct supertype *refst;
+	int rv = 0;
+	unsigned long long bm_space;
+	struct devinfo *di;
+	unsigned long long dsize, array_size;
+	unsigned long long sb_offset;
+	unsigned long long data_offset;
+	long bm_offset;
+	int raid0_need_layout = 0;
+
+	for (di = st->info; di; di = di->next) {
+		if (di->disk.state & (1 << MD_DISK_JOURNAL))
+			sb->feature_map |= __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_JOURNAL);
+		if (sb->level == 0 && sb->layout != 0) {
+			struct devinfo *di2 = st->info;
+			unsigned long long s1, s2;
+			s1 = di->dev_size;
+			if (di->data_offset != INVALID_SECTORS)
+				s1 -= di->data_offset;
+			s1 /= __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize);
+			s2 = di2->dev_size;
+			if (di2->data_offset != INVALID_SECTORS)
+				s2 -= di2->data_offset;
+			s2 /= __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize);
+			if (s1 != s2)
+				raid0_need_layout = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (di = st->info; di; di = di->next) {
+		if (di->disk.state & (1 << MD_DISK_FAULTY))
+			continue;
+		if (di->fd < 0)
+			continue;
+
+		while (Kill(di->devname, NULL, 0, -1, 1) == 0)
+			;
+
+		sb->dev_number = __cpu_to_le32(di->disk.number);
+		if (di->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_WRITEMOSTLY))
+			sb->devflags |= WriteMostly1;
+		else
+			sb->devflags &= ~WriteMostly1;
+		if (di->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_FAILFAST))
+			sb->devflags |= FailFast1;
+		else
+			sb->devflags &= ~FailFast1;
+
+		random_uuid(sb->device_uuid);
+
+		if (!(di->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_JOURNAL)))
+			sb->events = 0;
+
+		refst = dup_super(st);
+		if (load_super1(refst, di->fd, NULL)==0) {
+			struct mdp_superblock_1 *refsb = refst->sb;
+
+			memcpy(sb->device_uuid, refsb->device_uuid, 16);
+			if (memcmp(sb->set_uuid, refsb->set_uuid, 16)==0) {
+				/* same array, so preserve events and
+				 * dev_number */
+				sb->events = refsb->events;
+				/* bugs in 2.6.17 and earlier mean the
+				 * dev_number chosen in Manage must be preserved
+				 */
+				if (get_linux_version() >= 2006018)
+					sb->dev_number = refsb->dev_number;
+			}
+			free_super1(refst);
+		}
+		free(refst);
+
+		if (!get_dev_size(di->fd, NULL, &dsize)) {
+			rv = 1;
+			goto error_out;
+		}
+		dsize >>= 9;
+
+		if (dsize < 24) {
+			close(di->fd);
+			rv = 2;
+			goto error_out;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Calculate the position of the superblock.
+		 * It is always aligned to a 4K boundary and
+		 * depending on minor_version, it can be:
+		 * 0: At least 8K, but less than 12K, from end of device
+		 * 1: At start of device
+		 * 2: 4K from start of device.
+		 * data_offset has already been set.
+		 */
+		array_size = __le64_to_cpu(sb->size);
+
+		/* work out how much space we left for a bitmap */
+		if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+			bitmap_super_t *bms = (bitmap_super_t *)
+					(((char *)sb) + MAX_SB_SIZE);
+			bm_space = calc_bitmap_size(bms, 4096) >> 9;
+			bm_offset = (long)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bitmap_offset);
+		} else if (md_feature_any_ppl_on(sb->feature_map)) {
+			bm_space = MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_SUPER1 >> 9;
+			if (st->minor_version == 0)
+				bm_offset = -bm_space - 8;
+			else
+				bm_offset = 8;
+			sb->ppl.offset = __cpu_to_le16(bm_offset);
+			sb->ppl.size = __cpu_to_le16(bm_space);
+		} else {
+			bm_space = choose_bm_space(array_size);
+			bm_offset = 8;
+		}
+
+		data_offset = di->data_offset;
+		if (data_offset == INVALID_SECTORS)
+			data_offset = st->data_offset;
+		switch(st->minor_version) {
+		case 0:
+			/* Add 8 sectors for bad block log */
+			bm_space += 8;
+			if (data_offset == INVALID_SECTORS)
+				data_offset = 0;
+			sb_offset = dsize;
+			sb_offset -= 8*2;
+			sb_offset &= ~(4*2-1);
+			sb->data_offset = __cpu_to_le64(data_offset);
+			sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(sb_offset);
+			if (sb_offset < array_size + bm_space)
+				bm_space = sb_offset - array_size;
+			sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(sb_offset - bm_space);
+			if (bm_space >= 8) {
+				sb->bblog_size = __cpu_to_le16(8);
+				sb->bblog_offset = __cpu_to_le32((unsigned)-8);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 1:
+		case 2:
+			sb_offset = st->minor_version == 2 ? 8 : 0;
+			sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(sb_offset);
+			if (data_offset == INVALID_SECTORS)
+				data_offset = sb_offset + 16;
+
+			sb->data_offset = __cpu_to_le64(data_offset);
+			sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(dsize - data_offset);
+			if (data_offset >= sb_offset+bm_offset+bm_space+8) {
+				sb->bblog_size = __cpu_to_le16(8);
+				sb->bblog_offset = __cpu_to_le32(bm_offset +
+								 bm_space);
+			} else if (data_offset >= sb_offset + 16) {
+				sb->bblog_size = __cpu_to_le16(8);
+				/* '8' sectors for the bblog, and 'sb_offset'
+				 * because we want offset from superblock, not
+				 * start of device.
+				 */
+				sb->bblog_offset = __cpu_to_le32(data_offset -
+								 8 - sb_offset);
+			}
+			break;
+		default:
+			pr_err("Failed to write invalid metadata format 1.%i to %s\n",
+			       st->minor_version, di->devname);
+			rv = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Disable badblock log on clusters, or when
+		 * explicitly requested
+		 */
+		if (st->nodes > 0 || conf_get_create_info()->bblist == 0) {
+			sb->bblog_size = 0;
+			sb->bblog_offset = 0;
+		}
+
+		/* RAID0 needs a layout if devices aren't all the same size */
+		if (raid0_need_layout)
+			sb->feature_map |= __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT);
+
+		sb->sb_csum = calc_sb_1_csum(sb);
+		rv = store_super1(st, di->fd);
+
+		if (rv == 0 && (di->disk.state & (1 << MD_DISK_JOURNAL))) {
+			rv = write_empty_r5l_meta_block(st, di->fd);
+			if (rv)
+				goto error_out;
+		}
+
+		if (rv == 0 &&
+		    (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) &
+		     MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
+			rv = st->ss->write_bitmap(st, di->fd, NodeNumUpdate);
+		} else if (rv == 0 &&
+		    md_feature_any_ppl_on(sb->feature_map)) {
+			struct mdinfo info;
+
+			st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info, NULL);
+			rv = st->ss->write_init_ppl(st, &info, di->fd);
+		}
+
+		close(di->fd);
+		di->fd = -1;
+		if (rv)
+			goto error_out;
+	}
+error_out:
+	if (rv)
+		pr_err("Failed to write metadata to %s\n", di->devname);
+out:
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static int compare_super1(struct supertype *st, struct supertype *tst,
+			  int verbose)
+{
+	/*
+	 * return:
+	 *  0 same, or first was empty, and second was copied
+	 *  1 second had wrong number
+	 *  2 wrong uuid
+	 *  3 wrong other info
+	 */
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *first = st->sb;
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *second = tst->sb;
+
+	if (second->magic != __cpu_to_le32(MD_SB_MAGIC))
+		return 1;
+	if (second->major_version != __cpu_to_le32(1))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!first) {
+		if (posix_memalign((void**)&first, 4096, SUPER1_SIZE) != 0) {
+			pr_err("could not allocate superblock\n");
+			return 1;
+		}
+		memcpy(first, second, SUPER1_SIZE);
+		st->sb = first;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (memcmp(first->set_uuid, second->set_uuid, 16)!= 0)
+		return 2;
+
+	if (first->ctime      != second->ctime     ||
+	    first->level      != second->level     ||
+	    first->layout     != second->layout    ||
+	    first->size       != second->size      ||
+	    first->chunksize  != second->chunksize ||
+	    first->raid_disks != second->raid_disks)
+		return 3;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int load_super1(struct supertype *st, int fd, char *devname)
+{
+	unsigned long long dsize;
+	unsigned long long sb_offset;
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *super;
+	int uuid[4];
+	struct bitmap_super_s *bsb;
+	struct misc_dev_info *misc;
+	struct align_fd afd;
+
+	free_super1(st);
+
+	init_afd(&afd, fd);
+
+	if (st->ss == NULL || st->minor_version == -1) {
+		int bestvers = -1;
+		struct supertype tst;
+		__u64 bestctime = 0;
+		/* guess... choose latest ctime */
+		memset(&tst, 0, sizeof(tst));
+		tst.ss = &super1;
+		for (tst.minor_version = 0; tst.minor_version <= 2;
+		     tst.minor_version++) {
+			switch(load_super1(&tst, fd, devname)) {
+			case 0: super = tst.sb;
+				if (bestvers == -1 ||
+				    bestctime < __le64_to_cpu(super->ctime)) {
+					bestvers = tst.minor_version;
+					bestctime = __le64_to_cpu(super->ctime);
+				}
+				free(super);
+				tst.sb = NULL;
+				break;
+			case 1: return 1; /*bad device */
+			case 2: break; /* bad, try next */
+			}
+		}
+		if (bestvers != -1) {
+			int rv;
+			tst.minor_version = bestvers;
+			tst.ss = &super1;
+			tst.max_devs = MAX_DEVS;
+			rv = load_super1(&tst, fd, devname);
+			if (rv == 0)
+				*st = tst;
+			return rv;
+		}
+		return 2;
+	}
+	if (!get_dev_size(fd, devname, &dsize))
+		return 1;
+	dsize >>= 9;
+
+	if (dsize < 24) {
+		if (devname)
+			pr_err("%s is too small for md: size is %llu sectors.\n",
+				devname, dsize);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Calculate the position of the superblock.
+	 * It is always aligned to a 4K boundary and
+	 * depending on minor_version, it can be:
+	 * 0: At least 8K, but less than 12K, from end of device
+	 * 1: At start of device
+	 * 2: 4K from start of device.
+	 */
+	switch(st->minor_version) {
+	case 0:
+		sb_offset = dsize;
+		sb_offset -= 8*2;
+		sb_offset &= ~(4*2-1);
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		sb_offset = 0;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		sb_offset = 4*2;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (lseek64(fd, sb_offset << 9, 0)< 0LL) {
+		if (devname)
+			pr_err("Cannot seek to superblock on %s: %s\n",
+				devname, strerror(errno));
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (posix_memalign((void**)&super, 4096, SUPER1_SIZE) != 0) {
+		pr_err("could not allocate superblock\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	memset(super, 0, SUPER1_SIZE);
+
+	if (aread(&afd, super, MAX_SB_SIZE) != MAX_SB_SIZE) {
+		if (devname)
+			pr_err("Cannot read superblock on %s\n",
+				devname);
+		free(super);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(super->magic) != MD_SB_MAGIC) {
+		if (devname)
+			pr_err("No super block found on %s (Expected magic %08x, got %08x)\n",
+				devname, MD_SB_MAGIC,
+			       __le32_to_cpu(super->magic));
+		free(super);
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(super->major_version) != 1) {
+		if (devname)
+			pr_err("Cannot interpret superblock on %s - version is %d\n",
+				devname, __le32_to_cpu(super->major_version));
+		free(super);
+		return 2;
+	}
+	if (__le64_to_cpu(super->super_offset) != sb_offset) {
+		if (devname)
+			pr_err("No superblock found on %s (super_offset is wrong)\n",
+				devname);
+		free(super);
+		return 2;
+	}
+	st->sb = super;
+
+	bsb = (struct bitmap_super_s *)(((char*)super)+MAX_SB_SIZE);
+
+	misc = (struct misc_dev_info*)
+	  (((char*)super)+MAX_SB_SIZE+BM_SUPER_SIZE);
+	misc->device_size = dsize;
+	if (st->data_offset == INVALID_SECTORS)
+		st->data_offset = __le64_to_cpu(super->data_offset);
+
+	/* Now check on the bitmap superblock */
+	if ((__le32_to_cpu(super->feature_map)&MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET) == 0)
+		return 0;
+	/* Read the bitmap superblock and make sure it looks
+	 * valid.  If it doesn't clear the bit.  An --assemble --force
+	 * should get that written out.
+	 */
+	locate_bitmap1(st, fd, 0);
+	if (aread(&afd, bsb, 512) != 512)
+		goto no_bitmap;
+
+	uuid_from_super1(st, uuid);
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(bsb->magic) != BITMAP_MAGIC ||
+	    memcmp(bsb->uuid, uuid, 16) != 0)
+		goto no_bitmap;
+	return 0;
+
+ no_bitmap:
+	super->feature_map = __cpu_to_le32(__le32_to_cpu(super->feature_map)
+					   & ~MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct supertype *match_metadata_desc1(char *arg)
+{
+	struct supertype *st = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*st));
+
+	st->container_devnm[0] = 0;
+	st->ss = &super1;
+	st->max_devs = MAX_DEVS;
+	st->sb = NULL;
+	st->data_offset = INVALID_SECTORS;
+	/* leading zeros can be safely ignored.  --detail generates them. */
+	while (*arg == '0')
+		arg++;
+	if (strcmp(arg, "1.0") == 0 || strcmp(arg, "1.00") == 0) {
+		st->minor_version = 0;
+		return st;
+	}
+	if (strcmp(arg, "1.1") == 0 || strcmp(arg, "1.01") == 0
+		) {
+		st->minor_version = 1;
+		return st;
+	}
+	if (strcmp(arg, "1.2") == 0 ||
+#ifndef DEFAULT_OLD_METADATA /* ifdef in super0.c */
+	    strcmp(arg, "default") == 0 ||
+#endif /* DEFAULT_OLD_METADATA */
+	    strcmp(arg, "1.02") == 0) {
+		st->minor_version = 2;
+		return st;
+	}
+	if (strcmp(arg, "1") == 0 || strcmp(arg, "default") == 0) {
+		st->minor_version = -1;
+		return st;
+	}
+
+	free(st);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* find available size on device with this devsize, using
+ * superblock type st, and reserving 'reserve' sectors for
+ * a possible bitmap
+ */
+static __u64 avail_size1(struct supertype *st, __u64 devsize,
+			 unsigned long long data_offset)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *super = st->sb;
+	int bmspace = 0;
+	int bbspace = 0;
+	if (devsize < 24)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (__le32_to_cpu(super->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET) {
+		/* hot-add. allow for actual size of bitmap */
+		struct bitmap_super_s *bsb;
+		bsb = (struct bitmap_super_s *)(((char*)super)+MAX_SB_SIZE);
+		bmspace = calc_bitmap_size(bsb, 4096) >> 9;
+	} else if (md_feature_any_ppl_on(super->feature_map)) {
+		bmspace = __le16_to_cpu(super->ppl.size);
+	}
+
+	/* Allow space for bad block log */
+	if (super->bblog_size)
+		bbspace = __le16_to_cpu(super->bblog_size);
+
+	if (st->minor_version < 0)
+		/* not specified, so time to set default */
+		st->minor_version = 2;
+
+	if (data_offset == INVALID_SECTORS)
+		data_offset = st->data_offset;
+
+	if (data_offset != INVALID_SECTORS)
+		switch(st->minor_version) {
+		case 0:
+			return devsize - data_offset - 8*2 - bbspace;
+		case 1:
+		case 2:
+			return devsize - data_offset;
+		default:
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+	devsize -= bmspace;
+
+	switch(st->minor_version) {
+	case 0:
+		/* at end */
+		return ((devsize - 8*2 - bbspace ) & ~(4*2-1));
+	case 1:
+		/* at start, 4K for superblock and possible bitmap */
+		return devsize - 4*2 - bbspace;
+	case 2:
+		/* 4k from start, 4K for superblock and possible bitmap */
+		return devsize - (4+4)*2 - bbspace;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+add_internal_bitmap1(struct supertype *st,
+		     int *chunkp, int delay, int write_behind,
+		     unsigned long long size,
+		     int may_change, int major)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If not may_change, then this is a 'Grow' without sysfs support for
+	 * bitmaps, and the bitmap must fit after the superblock at 1K offset.
+	 * If may_change, then this is create or a Grow with sysfs support,
+	 * and we can put the bitmap wherever we like.
+	 *
+	 * size is in sectors,  chunk is in bytes !!!
+	 */
+
+	unsigned long long bits;
+	unsigned long long max_bits;
+	unsigned long long min_chunk;
+	long offset;
+	long bbl_offset, bbl_size;
+	unsigned long long chunk = *chunkp;
+	int room = 0;
+	int creating = 0;
+	int len;
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	bitmap_super_t *bms = (bitmap_super_t*)(((char*)sb) + MAX_SB_SIZE);
+	int uuid[4];
+
+	if (__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size) == 0)
+		/*
+		 * Must be creating the array, else data_size
+		 * would be non-zero
+		 */
+		creating = 1;
+	switch(st->minor_version) {
+	case 0:
+		/*
+		 * either 3K after the superblock (when hot-add),
+		 * or some amount of space before.
+		 */
+		if (creating) {
+			/*
+			 * We are creating array, so we *know* how much room has
+			 * been left.
+			 */
+			offset = 0;
+			bbl_size = 8;
+			room =
+			  choose_bm_space(__le64_to_cpu(sb->size)) + bbl_size;
+		} else {
+			room = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset)
+				- __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset)
+				- __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size);
+			bbl_size = __le16_to_cpu(sb->bblog_size);
+			if (bbl_size < 8)
+				bbl_size = 8;
+			bbl_offset = (__s32)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bblog_offset);
+			if (bbl_size < -bbl_offset)
+				bbl_size = -bbl_offset;
+
+			if (!may_change ||
+			    (room < 3*2 && __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev) <= 384)) {
+				room = 3*2;
+				offset = 1*2;
+				bbl_size = 0;
+			} else {
+				offset = 0; /* means movable offset */
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+	case 1:
+	case 2: /* between superblock and data */
+		if (creating) {
+			offset = 4*2;
+			bbl_size = 8;
+			room =
+			  choose_bm_space(__le64_to_cpu(sb->size)) + bbl_size;
+		} else {
+			room = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset)
+				- __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset);
+			bbl_size = __le16_to_cpu(sb->bblog_size);
+			if (bbl_size)
+				room =
+				  __le32_to_cpu(sb->bblog_offset) + bbl_size;
+			else
+				bbl_size = 8;
+
+			if (!may_change) {
+				room -= 2; /* Leave 1K for superblock */
+				offset = 2;
+				bbl_size = 0;
+			} else {
+				room -= 4*2; /* leave 4K for superblock */
+				offset = 4*2;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+
+	room -= bbl_size;
+	if (chunk == UnSet && room > 128*2)
+		/* Limit to 128K of bitmap when chunk size not requested */
+		room = 128*2;
+
+	if (room <= 1)
+		/* No room for a bitmap */
+		return -ENOSPC;
+
+	max_bits = (room * 512 - sizeof(bitmap_super_t)) * 8;
+
+	min_chunk = 4096; /* sub-page chunks don't work yet.. */
+	bits = (size*512)/min_chunk +1;
+	while (bits > max_bits) {
+		min_chunk *= 2;
+		bits = (bits+1)/2;
+	}
+	if (chunk == UnSet) {
+		/* For practical purpose, 64Meg is a good
+		 * default chunk size for internal bitmaps.
+		 */
+		chunk = min_chunk;
+		if (chunk < 64*1024*1024)
+			chunk = 64*1024*1024;
+	} else if (chunk < min_chunk)
+		return -EINVAL; /* chunk size too small */
+	if (chunk == 0) /* rounding problem */
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (offset == 0) {
+		/* start bitmap on a 4K boundary with enough space for
+		 * the bitmap
+		 */
+		bits = (size*512) / chunk + 1;
+		room = ((bits+7)/8 + sizeof(bitmap_super_t) +4095)/4096;
+		room *= 8; /* convert 4K blocks to sectors */
+		offset = -room - bbl_size;
+	}
+
+	sb->bitmap_offset = (int32_t)__cpu_to_le32(offset);
+
+	sb->feature_map = __cpu_to_le32(__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) |
+					MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET);
+	memset(bms, 0, sizeof(*bms));
+	bms->magic = __cpu_to_le32(BITMAP_MAGIC);
+	bms->version = __cpu_to_le32(major);
+	uuid_from_super1(st, uuid);
+	memcpy(bms->uuid, uuid, 16);
+	bms->chunksize = __cpu_to_le32(chunk);
+	bms->daemon_sleep = __cpu_to_le32(delay);
+	bms->sync_size = __cpu_to_le64(size);
+	bms->write_behind = __cpu_to_le32(write_behind);
+	bms->nodes = __cpu_to_le32(st->nodes);
+	if (st->nodes)
+		sb->feature_map = __cpu_to_le32(__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) |
+						MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_VERSIONED);
+	if (st->cluster_name) {
+		len = sizeof(bms->cluster_name);
+		strncpy((char *)bms->cluster_name, st->cluster_name, len);
+		bms->cluster_name[len - 1] = '\0';
+	}
+
+	*chunkp = chunk;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int locate_bitmap1(struct supertype *st, int fd, int node_num)
+{
+	unsigned long long offset, bm_sectors_per_node;
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb;
+	bitmap_super_t *bms;
+	int mustfree = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!st->sb) {
+		if (st->ss->load_super(st, fd, NULL))
+			return -1; /* no error I hope... */
+		mustfree = 1;
+	}
+	sb = st->sb;
+
+	if ((__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET))
+		ret = 0;
+	else
+		ret = -1;
+
+	offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset) + (int32_t)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bitmap_offset);
+	if (node_num) {
+		bms = (bitmap_super_t*)(((char*)sb)+MAX_SB_SIZE);
+		bm_sectors_per_node = calc_bitmap_size(bms, 4096) >> 9;
+		offset += bm_sectors_per_node * node_num;
+	}
+	if (mustfree)
+		free(sb);
+	lseek64(fd, offset<<9, 0);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int write_bitmap1(struct supertype *st, int fd, enum bitmap_update update)
+{
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = st->sb;
+	bitmap_super_t *bms = (bitmap_super_t*)(((char*)sb)+MAX_SB_SIZE);
+	int rv = 0;
+	void *buf;
+	int towrite, n, len;
+	struct align_fd afd;
+	unsigned int i = 0;
+	unsigned long long total_bm_space, bm_space_per_node;
+
+	switch (update) {
+	case NameUpdate:
+		/* update cluster name */
+		if (st->cluster_name) {
+			len = sizeof(bms->cluster_name);
+			memset((char *)bms->cluster_name, 0, len);
+			strncpy((char *)bms->cluster_name,
+				st->cluster_name, len);
+			bms->cluster_name[len - 1] = '\0';
+		}
+		break;
+	case NodeNumUpdate:
+		/* cluster md only supports superblock 1.2 now */
+		if (st->minor_version != 2 &&
+		    bms->version == BITMAP_MAJOR_CLUSTERED) {
+			pr_err("Warning: cluster md only works with superblock 1.2\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+
+		if (bms->version == BITMAP_MAJOR_CLUSTERED) {
+			if (__cpu_to_le32(st->nodes) < bms->nodes) {
+				/*
+				 * Since the nodes num is not increased, no
+				 * need to check the space enough or not,
+				 * just update bms->nodes
+				 */
+				bms->nodes = __cpu_to_le32(st->nodes);
+				break;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * no need to change bms->nodes for other
+			 * bitmap types
+			 */
+			if (st->nodes)
+				pr_err("Warning: --nodes option is only suitable for clustered bitmap\n");
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Each node has an independent bitmap, it is necessary to
+		 * calculate the space is enough or not, first get how many
+		 * bytes for the total bitmap
+		 */
+		bm_space_per_node = calc_bitmap_size(bms, 4096);
+
+		total_bm_space = 512 * (__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset) -
+					__le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset));
+		/* leave another 4k for superblock */
+		total_bm_space = total_bm_space - 4096;
+
+		if (bm_space_per_node * st->nodes > total_bm_space) {
+			pr_err("Warning: The max num of nodes can't exceed %llu\n",
+				total_bm_space / bm_space_per_node);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+
+		bms->nodes = __cpu_to_le32(st->nodes);
+		break;
+	case NoUpdate:
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	init_afd(&afd, fd);
+
+	if (locate_bitmap1(st, fd, 0) < 0) {
+		pr_err("Error: Invalid bitmap\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (posix_memalign(&buf, 4096, 4096))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	do {
+		/* Only the bitmap[0] should resync
+		 * whole device on initial assembly
+		 */
+		if (i)
+			memset(buf, 0x00, 4096);
+		else
+			memset(buf, 0xff, 4096);
+		memcpy(buf, (char *)bms, sizeof(bitmap_super_t));
+
+		/*
+		 * use 4096 boundary if bitmap_offset is aligned
+		 * with 8 sectors, then it should compatible with
+		 * older mdadm.
+		 */
+		if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->bitmap_offset) & 7)
+			towrite = calc_bitmap_size(bms, 512);
+		else
+			towrite = calc_bitmap_size(bms, 4096);
+		while (towrite > 0) {
+			n = towrite;
+			if (n > 4096)
+				n = 4096;
+			n = awrite(&afd, buf, n);
+			if (n > 0)
+				towrite -= n;
+			else
+				break;
+			if (i)
+				memset(buf, 0x00, 4096);
+			else
+				memset(buf, 0xff, 4096);
+		}
+		fsync(fd);
+		if (towrite) {
+			rv = -2;
+			break;
+		}
+	} while (++i < __le32_to_cpu(bms->nodes));
+
+	free(buf);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static void free_super1(struct supertype *st)
+{
+
+	if (st->sb)
+		free(st->sb);
+	while (st->info) {
+		struct devinfo *di = st->info;
+		st->info = di->next;
+		if (di->fd >= 0)
+			close(di->fd);
+		free(di);
+	}
+	st->sb = NULL;
+}
+
+static int validate_geometry1(struct supertype *st, int level,
+			      int layout, int raiddisks,
+			      int *chunk, unsigned long long size,
+			      unsigned long long data_offset,
+			      char *subdev, unsigned long long *freesize,
+			      int consistency_policy, int verbose)
+{
+	unsigned long long ldsize, devsize;
+	int bmspace;
+	unsigned long long headroom;
+	unsigned long long overhead;
+	int fd;
+
+	if (level == LEVEL_CONTAINER) {
+		if (verbose)
+			pr_err("1.x metadata does not support containers\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (*chunk == UnSet)
+		*chunk = DEFAULT_CHUNK;
+
+	if (!subdev)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (st->minor_version < 0)
+		/* not specified, so time to set default */
+		st->minor_version = 2;
+
+	fd = open(subdev, O_RDONLY|O_EXCL, 0);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (verbose)
+			pr_err("super1.x cannot open %s: %s\n",
+				subdev, strerror(errno));
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!get_dev_size(fd, subdev, &ldsize)) {
+		close(fd);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	close(fd);
+
+	devsize = ldsize >> 9;
+
+	/* creating:  allow suitable space for bitmap or PPL */
+	if (consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL)
+		bmspace = MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_SUPER1 >> 9;
+	else
+		bmspace = choose_bm_space(devsize);
+
+	if (data_offset == INVALID_SECTORS)
+		data_offset = st->data_offset;
+	if (data_offset == INVALID_SECTORS)
+		switch (st->minor_version) {
+		case 0:
+			data_offset = 0;
+			break;
+		case 1:
+		case 2:
+			/* Choose data offset appropriate for this device
+			 * and use as default for whole array.
+			 * The data_offset must allow for bitmap space
+			 * and base metadata, should allow for some headroom
+			 * for reshape, and should be rounded to multiple
+			 * of 1M.
+			 * Headroom is limited to 128M, but aim for about 0.1%
+			 */
+			headroom = 128*1024*2;
+			while ((headroom << 10) > devsize &&
+			       (*chunk == 0 ||
+				headroom / 2 >= ((unsigned)(*chunk)*2)*2))
+				headroom >>= 1;
+			data_offset = 12*2 + bmspace + headroom;
+			#define ONE_MEG (2*1024)
+			data_offset = ROUND_UP(data_offset, ONE_MEG);
+			break;
+		}
+	if (st->data_offset == INVALID_SECTORS)
+		st->data_offset = data_offset;
+	switch(st->minor_version) {
+	case 0: /* metadata at end.  Round down and subtract space to reserve */
+		devsize = (devsize & ~(4ULL*2-1));
+		/* space for metadata, bblog, bitmap/ppl */
+		overhead = 8*2 + 8 + bmspace;
+		if (devsize < overhead) /* detect underflow */
+			goto dev_too_small_err;
+		devsize -= overhead;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+	case 2:
+		if (devsize < data_offset) /* detect underflow */
+			goto dev_too_small_err;
+		devsize -= data_offset;
+		break;
+	}
+	*freesize = devsize;
+	return 1;
+
+/* Error condition, device cannot even hold the overhead. */
+dev_too_small_err:
+	fprintf(stderr, "device %s is too small (%lluK) for "
+			"required metadata!\n", subdev, devsize>>1);
+	*freesize = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void *super1_make_v0(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, mdp_super_t *sb0)
+{
+	/* Create a v1.0 superblock based on 'info'*/
+	void *ret;
+	struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb;
+	int i;
+	unsigned long long offset;
+
+	if (posix_memalign(&ret, 4096, 1024) != 0)
+		return NULL;
+	sb = ret;
+	memset(ret, 0, 1024);
+	sb->magic = __cpu_to_le32(MD_SB_MAGIC);
+	sb->major_version = __cpu_to_le32(1);
+
+	copy_uuid(sb->set_uuid, info->uuid, super1.swapuuid);
+	sprintf(sb->set_name, "%d", sb0->md_minor);
+	sb->ctime = __cpu_to_le32(info->array.ctime+1);
+	sb->level = __cpu_to_le32(info->array.level);
+	sb->layout = __cpu_to_le32(info->array.layout);
+	sb->size = __cpu_to_le64(info->component_size);
+	sb->chunksize = __cpu_to_le32(info->array.chunk_size/512);
+	sb->raid_disks = __cpu_to_le32(info->array.raid_disks);
+	if (info->array.level > 0)
+		sb->data_size = sb->size;
+	else
+		sb->data_size = st->ss->avail_size(st, st->devsize/512, 0);
+	sb->resync_offset = MaxSector;
+	sb->max_dev = __cpu_to_le32(MD_SB_DISKS);
+	sb->dev_number = __cpu_to_le32(info->disk.number);
+	sb->utime = __cpu_to_le64(info->array.utime);
+
+	offset = st->devsize/512 - 8*2;
+	offset &= ~(4*2-1);
+	sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(offset);
+	//*(__u64*)(st->other + 128 + 8 + 8) = __cpu_to_le64(offset);
+
+	random_uuid(sb->device_uuid);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < MD_SB_DISKS; i++) {
+		int state = sb0->disks[i].state;
+		sb->dev_roles[i] = MD_DISK_ROLE_SPARE;
+		if ((state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC)) &&
+		    !(state & (1<<MD_DISK_FAULTY)))
+			sb->dev_roles[i] = __cpu_to_le16(sb0->disks[i].raid_disk);
+	}
+	sb->sb_csum = calc_sb_1_csum(sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct superswitch super1 = {
+	.examine_super = examine_super1,
+	.brief_examine_super = brief_examine_super1,
+	.export_examine_super = export_examine_super1,
+	.detail_super = detail_super1,
+	.brief_detail_super = brief_detail_super1,
+	.export_detail_super = export_detail_super1,
+	.write_init_super = write_init_super1,
+	.validate_geometry = validate_geometry1,
+	.add_to_super = add_to_super1,
+	.examine_badblocks = examine_badblocks_super1,
+	.copy_metadata = copy_metadata1,
+	.write_init_ppl = write_init_ppl1,
+	.match_home = match_home1,
+	.uuid_from_super = uuid_from_super1,
+	.getinfo_super = getinfo_super1,
+	.container_content = container_content1,
+	.update_super = update_super1,
+	.init_super = init_super1,
+	.store_super = store_super1,
+	.compare_super = compare_super1,
+	.load_super = load_super1,
+	.match_metadata_desc = match_metadata_desc1,
+	.avail_size = avail_size1,
+	.add_internal_bitmap = add_internal_bitmap1,
+	.locate_bitmap = locate_bitmap1,
+	.write_bitmap = write_bitmap1,
+	.free_super = free_super1,
+#if __BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
+	.swapuuid = 0,
+#else
+	.swapuuid = 1,
+#endif
+	.name = "1.x",
+};