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diff --git a/ReadMe.c b/ReadMe.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8139976 --- /dev/null +++ b/ReadMe.c @@ -0,0 +1,656 @@ +/* + * mdadm - manage Linux "md" devices aka RAID arrays. + * + * Copyright (C) 2001-2016 Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> + * Copyright (C) 2016-2017 Jes Sorensen <Jes.Sorensen@gmail.com> + * + * + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify + * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by + * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or + * (at your option) any later version. + * + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + * GNU General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software + * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA + * + * Author: Neil Brown + * Email: <neilb@suse.de> + * Maintainer: Jes Sorensen + * Email: <Jes.Sorensen@gmail.com> + */ + +#include "mdadm.h" + +#ifndef VERSION +#define VERSION "4.2" +#endif +#ifndef VERS_DATE +#define VERS_DATE "2021-12-30" +#endif +#ifndef EXTRAVERSION +#define EXTRAVERSION "" +#endif +char Version[] = "mdadm - v" VERSION " - " VERS_DATE EXTRAVERSION "\n"; + +/* + * File: ReadMe.c + * + * This file contains general comments about the implementation + * and the various usage messages that can be displayed by mdadm + * + */ + +/* + * mdadm has 7 major modes of operation: + * 1/ Create + * This mode is used to create a new array with a superblock + * 2/ Assemble + * This mode is used to assemble the parts of a previously created + * array into an active array. Components can be explicitly given + * or can be searched for. mdadm (optionally) checks that the components + * do form a bona-fide array, and can, on request, fiddle superblock + * version numbers so as to assemble a faulty array. + * 3/ Build + * This is for building legacy arrays without superblocks + * 4/ Manage + * This is for doing something to one or more devices + * in an array, such as add,remove,fail. + * run/stop/readonly/readwrite are also available + * 5/ Misc + * This is for doing things to individual devices. + * They might be parts of an array so + * zero-superblock, examine might be appropriate + * They might be md arrays so + * run,stop,rw,ro,detail might be appropriate + * Also query will treat it as either + * 6/ Monitor + * This mode never exits but just monitors arrays and reports changes. + * 7/ Grow + * This mode allows for changing of key attributes of a raid array, such + * as size, number of devices, and possibly even layout. + * 8/ Incremental + * Is assembles an array incrementally instead of all at once. + * As devices are discovered they can be passed to "mdadm --incremental" + * which will collect them. When enough devices to for an array are + * found, it is started. + */ + +char short_options[]="-ABCDEFGIQhVXYWZ:vqbc:i:l:p:m:r:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:N:safRSow1tye:k"; +char short_bitmap_options[]= + "-ABCDEFGIQhVXYWZ:vqb:c:i:l:p:m:r:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:N:sarfRSow1tye:k:"; +char short_bitmap_auto_options[]= + "-ABCDEFGIQhVXYWZ:vqb:c:i:l:p:m:r:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:N:sa:rfRSow1tye:k:"; + +struct option long_options[] = { + {"manage", 0, 0, ManageOpt}, + {"misc", 0, 0, MiscOpt}, + {"assemble", 0, 0, 'A'}, + {"build", 0, 0, 'B'}, + {"create", 0, 0, 'C'}, + {"detail", 0, 0, 'D'}, + {"examine", 0, 0, 'E'}, + {"follow", 0, 0, 'F'}, + {"grow", 0, 0, 'G'}, + {"incremental",0,0, 'I'}, + {"zero-superblock", 0, 0, KillOpt}, /* deliberately not a short_option */ + {"query", 0, 0, 'Q'}, + {"examine-bitmap", 0, 0, 'X'}, + {"auto-detect", 0, 0, AutoDetect}, + {"detail-platform", 0, 0, DetailPlatform}, + {"kill-subarray", 1, 0, KillSubarray}, + {"update-subarray", 1, 0, UpdateSubarray}, + {"udev-rules", 2, 0, UdevRules}, + {"offroot", 0, 0, OffRootOpt}, + {"examine-badblocks", 0, 0, ExamineBB}, + + {"dump", 1, 0, Dump}, + {"restore", 1, 0, Restore}, + + /* synonyms */ + {"monitor", 0, 0, 'F'}, + + /* after those will normally come the name of the md device */ + + {"help", 0, 0, 'h'}, + {"help-options",0,0, HelpOptions}, + {"version", 0, 0, 'V'}, + {"verbose", 0, 0, 'v'}, + {"quiet", 0, 0, 'q'}, + + /* For create or build: */ + {"chunk", 1, 0, ChunkSize}, + {"rounding", 1, 0, ChunkSize}, /* for linear, chunk is really a + * rounding number */ + {"level", 1, 0, 'l'}, /* 0,1,4,5,6,linear */ + {"parity", 1, 0, Layout}, /* {left,right}-{a,}symmetric */ + {"layout", 1, 0, Layout}, + {"raid-disks",1, 0, 'n'}, + {"raid-devices",1, 0, 'n'}, + {"spare-disks",1,0, 'x'}, + {"spare-devices",1,0, 'x'}, + {"size", 1, 0, 'z'}, + {"auto", 1, 0, Auto}, /* also for --assemble */ + {"assume-clean",0,0, AssumeClean }, + {"metadata", 1, 0, 'e'}, /* superblock format */ + {"bitmap", 1, 0, Bitmap}, + {"bitmap-chunk", 1, 0, BitmapChunk}, + {"write-behind", 2, 0, WriteBehind}, + {"write-mostly",0, 0, WriteMostly}, + {"failfast", 0, 0, FailFast}, + {"nofailfast",0, 0, NoFailFast}, + {"re-add", 0, 0, ReAdd}, + {"homehost", 1, 0, HomeHost}, + {"symlinks", 1, 0, Symlinks}, + {"data-offset",1, 0, DataOffset}, + {"nodes",1, 0, Nodes}, /* also for --assemble */ + {"home-cluster",1, 0, ClusterName}, + {"write-journal",1, 0, WriteJournal}, + {"consistency-policy", 1, 0, 'k'}, + + /* For assemble */ + {"uuid", 1, 0, 'u'}, + {"super-minor",1,0, SuperMinor}, + {"name", 1, 0, 'N'}, + {"config", 1, 0, ConfigFile}, + {"scan", 0, 0, 's'}, + {"force", 0, 0, Force}, + {"update", 1, 0, 'U'}, + {"freeze-reshape", 0, 0, FreezeReshape}, + + /* Management */ + {"add", 0, 0, Add}, + {"add-spare", 0, 0, AddSpare}, + {"add-journal", 0, 0, AddJournal}, + {"remove", 0, 0, Remove}, + {"fail", 0, 0, Fail}, + {"set-faulty",0, 0, Fail}, + {"replace", 0, 0, Replace}, + {"with", 0, 0, With}, + {"run", 0, 0, 'R'}, + {"stop", 0, 0, 'S'}, + {"readonly", 0, 0, 'o'}, + {"readwrite", 0, 0, 'w'}, + {"no-degraded",0,0, NoDegraded }, + {"wait", 0, 0, WaitOpt}, + {"wait-clean", 0, 0, Waitclean }, + {"action", 1, 0, Action }, + {"cluster-confirm", 0, 0, ClusterConfirm}, + + /* For Detail/Examine */ + {"brief", 0, 0, Brief}, + {"no-devices",0, 0, NoDevices}, + {"export", 0, 0, 'Y'}, + {"sparc2.2", 0, 0, Sparc22}, + {"test", 0, 0, 't'}, + {"prefer", 1, 0, Prefer}, + + /* For Follow/monitor */ + {"mail", 1, 0, EMail}, + {"program", 1, 0, ProgramOpt}, + {"alert", 1, 0, ProgramOpt}, + {"increment", 1, 0, Increment}, + {"delay", 1, 0, 'd'}, + {"daemonise", 0, 0, Fork}, + {"daemonize", 0, 0, Fork}, + {"oneshot", 0, 0, '1'}, + {"pid-file", 1, 0, 'i'}, + {"syslog", 0, 0, 'y'}, + {"no-sharing", 0, 0, NoSharing}, + + /* For Grow */ + {"backup-file", 1,0, BackupFile}, + {"invalid-backup",0,0,InvalidBackup}, + {"array-size", 1, 0, 'Z'}, + {"continue", 0, 0, Continue}, + + /* For Incremental */ + {"rebuild-map", 0, 0, RebuildMapOpt}, + {"path", 1, 0, IncrementalPath}, + + {0, 0, 0, 0} +}; + +char Usage[] = +"Usage: mdadm --help\n" +" for help\n" +; + +char Help[] = +"mdadm is used for building, managing, and monitoring\n" +"Linux md devices (aka RAID arrays)\n" +"Usage: mdadm --create device options...\n" +" Create a new array from unused devices.\n" +" mdadm --assemble device options...\n" +" Assemble a previously created array.\n" +" mdadm --build device options...\n" +" Create or assemble an array without metadata.\n" +" mdadm --manage device options...\n" +" make changes to an existing array.\n" +" mdadm --misc options... devices\n" +" report on or modify various md related devices.\n" +" mdadm --grow options device\n" +" resize/reshape an active array\n" +" mdadm --incremental device\n" +" add/remove a device to/from an array as appropriate\n" +" mdadm --monitor options...\n" +" Monitor one or more array for significant changes.\n" +" mdadm device options...\n" +" Shorthand for --manage.\n" +"Any parameter that does not start with '-' is treated as a device name\n" +"or, for --examine-bitmap, a file name.\n" +"The first such name is often the name of an md device. Subsequent\n" +"names are often names of component devices.\n" +"\n" +" For detailed help on the above major modes use --help after the mode\n" +" e.g.\n" +" mdadm --assemble --help\n" +" For general help on options use\n" +" mdadm --help-options\n" +; + +char OptionHelp[] = +"Any parameter that does not start with '-' is treated as a device name\n" +"or, for --examine-bitmap, a file name.\n" +"The first such name is often the name of an md device. Subsequent\n" +"names are often names of component devices.\n" +"\n" +"Some common options are:\n" +" --help -h : General help message or, after above option,\n" +" mode specific help message\n" +" --help-options : This help message\n" +" --version -V : Print version information for mdadm\n" +" --verbose -v : Be more verbose about what is happening\n" +" --quiet -q : Don't print un-necessary messages\n" +" --brief -b : Be less verbose, more brief\n" +" --export -Y : With --detail, --detail-platform or --examine use\n" +" key=value format for easy import into environment\n" +" --force -f : Override normal checks and be more forceful\n" +"\n" +" --assemble -A : Assemble an array\n" +" --build -B : Build an array without metadata\n" +" --create -C : Create a new array\n" +" --detail -D : Display details of an array\n" +" --examine -E : Examine superblock on an array component\n" +" --examine-bitmap -X: Display the detail of a bitmap file\n" +" --examine-badblocks: Display list of known bad blocks on device\n" +" --monitor -F : monitor (follow) some arrays\n" +" --grow -G : resize/ reshape and array\n" +" --incremental -I : add/remove a single device to/from an array as appropriate\n" +" --query -Q : Display general information about how a\n" +" device relates to the md driver\n" +" --auto-detect : Start arrays auto-detected by the kernel\n" +; +/* +"\n" +" For create or build:\n" +" --bitmap= -b : File to store bitmap in - may pre-exist for --build\n" +" --chunk= -c : chunk size of kibibytes\n" +" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n" +" --level= -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,6,10,linear, or mp for create.\n" +" : 0,1,10,mp,faulty or linear for build.\n" +" --parity= -p : raid5/6 parity algorithm: {left,right}-{,a}symmetric\n" +" --layout= : same as --parity, for RAID10: [fno]NN \n" +" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n" +" --spare-devices= -x: number of spare (eXtra) devices in initial array\n" +" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6/10 - optional\n" +" --force -f : Honour devices as listed on command line. Don't\n" +" : insert a missing drive for RAID5.\n" +" --assume-clean : Assume the array is already in-sync. This is dangerous for RAID5.\n" +" --bitmap-chunk= : chunksize of bitmap in bitmap file (Kilobytes)\n" +" --delay= -d : seconds between bitmap updates\n" +" --write-behind= : number of simultaneous write-behind requests to allow (requires bitmap)\n" +" --name= -N : Textual name for array - max 32 characters\n" +"\n" +" For assemble:\n" +" --bitmap= -b : File to find bitmap information in\n" +" --uuid= -u : uuid of array to assemble. Devices which don't\n" +" have this uuid are excluded\n" +" --super-minor= -m : minor number to look for in super-block when\n" +" choosing devices to use.\n" +" --name= -N : Array name to look for in super-block.\n" +" --config= -c : config file\n" +" --scan -s : scan config file for missing information\n" +" --force -f : Assemble the array even if some superblocks appear out-of-date\n" +" --update= -U : Update superblock: try '-A --update=?' for list of options.\n" +" --no-degraded : Do not start any degraded arrays - default unless --scan.\n" +"\n" +" For detail or examine:\n" +" --brief -b : Just print device name and UUID\n" +"\n" +" For follow/monitor:\n" +" --mail= -m : Address to mail alerts of failure to\n" +" --program= -p : Program to run when an event is detected\n" +" --alert= : same as --program\n" +" --delay= -d : seconds of delay between polling state. default=60\n" +"\n" +" General management:\n" +" --add -a : add, or hotadd subsequent devices\n" +" --re-add : re-add a recently removed device\n" +" --remove -r : remove subsequent devices\n" +" --fail -f : mark subsequent devices as faulty\n" +" --set-faulty : same as --fail\n" +" --replace : mark a device for replacement\n" +" --run -R : start a partially built array\n" +" --stop -S : deactivate array, releasing all resources\n" +" --readonly -o : mark array as readonly\n" +" --readwrite -w : mark array as readwrite\n" +" --zero-superblock : erase the MD superblock from a device.\n" +" --wait -W : wait for recovery/resync/reshape to finish.\n" +; +*/ + +char Help_create[] = +"Usage: mdadm --create device --chunk=X --level=Y --raid-devices=Z devices\n" +"\n" +" This usage will initialise a new md array, associate some\n" +" devices with it, and activate the array. In order to create an\n" +" array with some devices missing, use the special word 'missing' in\n" +" place of the relevant device name.\n" +"\n" +" Before devices are added, they are checked to see if they already contain\n" +" raid superblocks or filesystems. They are also checked to see if\n" +" the variance in device size exceeds 1%.\n" +" If any discrepancy is found, the user will be prompted for confirmation\n" +" before the array is created. The presence of a '--run' can override this\n" +" caution.\n" +"\n" +" If the --size option is given then only that many kilobytes of each\n" +" device is used, no matter how big each device is.\n" +" If no --size is given, the apparent size of the smallest drive given\n" +" is used for raid level 1 and greater, and the full device is used for\n" +" other levels.\n" +"\n" +" Options that are valid with --create (-C) are:\n" +" --bitmap= -b : Create a bitmap for the array with the given filename\n" +" : or an internal bitmap if 'internal' is given\n" +" --chunk= -c : chunk size in kibibytes\n" +" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n" +" --level= -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,6,10,linear,multipath and synonyms\n" +" --parity= -p : raid5/6 parity algorithm: {left,right}-{,a}symmetric\n" +" --layout= : same as --parity, for RAID10: [fno]NN \n" +" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n" +" --spare-devices= -x : number of spare (eXtra) devices in initial array\n" +" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6/10 - optional\n" +" --data-offset= : Space to leave between start of device and start\n" +" : of array data.\n" +" --force -f : Honour devices as listed on command line. Don't\n" +" : insert a missing drive for RAID5.\n" +" --run -R : insist of running the array even if not all\n" +" : devices are present or some look odd.\n" +" --readonly -o : start the array readonly - not supported yet.\n" +" --name= -N : Textual name for array - max 32 characters\n" +" --bitmap-chunk= : bitmap chunksize in Kilobytes.\n" +" --delay= -d : bitmap update delay in seconds.\n" +" --write-journal= : Specify journal device for RAID-4/5/6 array\n" +" --consistency-policy= : Specify the policy that determines how the array\n" +" -k : maintains consistency in case of unexpected shutdown.\n" +"\n" +; + +char Help_build[] = +"Usage: mdadm --build device -chunk=X --level=Y --raid-devices=Z devices\n" +"\n" +" This usage is similar to --create. The difference is that it creates\n" +" a legacy array without a superblock. With these arrays there is no\n" +" different between initially creating the array and subsequently\n" +" assembling the array, except that hopefully there is useful data\n" +" there in the second case.\n" +"\n" +" The level may only be 0, 1, 10, linear, multipath, or faulty.\n" +" All devices must be listed and the array will be started once complete.\n" +" Options that are valid with --build (-B) are:\n" +" --bitmap= : file to store/find bitmap information in.\n" +" --chunk= -c : chunk size of kibibytes\n" +" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n" +" --level= -l : 0, 1, 10, linear, multipath, faulty\n" +" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n" +" --bitmap-chunk= : bitmap chunksize in Kilobytes.\n" +" --delay= -d : bitmap update delay in seconds.\n" +; + +char Help_assemble[] = +"Usage: mdadm --assemble device options...\n" +" mdadm --assemble --scan options...\n" +"\n" +"This usage assembles one or more raid arrays from pre-existing\n" +"components.\n" +"For each array, mdadm needs to know the md device, the identity of\n" +"the array, and a number of sub devices. These can be found in a number\n" +"of ways.\n" +"\n" +"The md device is given on the command line, is found listed in the\n" +"config file, or can be deduced from the array identity.\n" +"The array identity is determined either from the --uuid, --name, or\n" +"--super-minor commandline arguments, from the config file,\n" +"or from the first component device on the command line.\n" +"\n" +"The different combinations of these are as follows:\n" +" If the --scan option is not given, then only devices and identities\n" +" listed on the command line are considered.\n" +" The first device will be the array device, and the remainder will be\n" +" examined when looking for components.\n" +" If an explicit identity is given with --uuid or --super-minor, then\n" +" only devices with a superblock which matches that identity is considered,\n" +" otherwise every device listed is considered.\n" +"\n" +" If the --scan option is given, and no devices are listed, then\n" +" every array listed in the config file is considered for assembly.\n" +" The identity of candidate devices are determined from the config file.\n" +" After these arrays are assembled, mdadm will look for other devices\n" +" that could form further arrays and tries to assemble them. This can\n" +" be disabled using the 'AUTO' option in the config file.\n" +"\n" +" If the --scan option is given as well as one or more devices, then\n" +" Those devices are md devices that are to be assembled. Their identity\n" +" and components are determined from the config file.\n" +"\n" +" If mdadm can not find all of the components for an array, it will assemble\n" +" it but not activate it unless --run or --scan is given. To preserve this\n" +" behaviour even with --scan, add --no-degraded. Note that \"all of the\n" +" components\" means as many as were present the last time the array was running\n" +" as recorded in the superblock. If the array was already degraded, and\n" +" the missing device is not a new problem, it will still be assembled. It\n" +" is only newly missing devices that cause the array not to be started.\n" +"\n" +"Options that are valid with --assemble (-A) are:\n" +" --bitmap= : bitmap file to use with the array\n" +" --uuid= -u : uuid of array to assemble. Devices which don't\n" +" have this uuid are excluded\n" +" --super-minor= -m : minor number to look for in super-block when\n" +" choosing devices to use.\n" +" --name= -N : Array name to look for in super-block.\n" +" --config= -c : config file\n" +" --scan -s : scan config file for missing information\n" +" --run -R : Try to start the array even if not enough devices\n" +" for a full array are present\n" +" --force -f : Assemble the array even if some superblocks appear\n" +" : out-of-date. This involves modifying the superblocks.\n" +" --update= -U : Update superblock: try '-A --update=?' for option list.\n" +" --no-degraded : Assemble but do not start degraded arrays.\n" +" --readonly -o : Mark the array as read-only. No resync will start.\n" +; + +char Help_manage[] = +"Usage: mdadm arraydevice options component devices...\n" +"\n" +"This usage is for managing the component devices within an array.\n" +"The --manage option is not needed and is assumed if the first argument\n" +"is a device name or a management option.\n" +"The first device listed will be taken to be an md array device, any\n" +"subsequent devices are (potential) components of that array.\n" +"\n" +"Options that are valid with management mode are:\n" +" --add -a : hotadd subsequent devices to the array\n" +" --re-add : subsequent devices are re-added if there were\n" +" : recent members of the array\n" +" --remove -r : remove subsequent devices, which must not be active\n" +" --fail -f : mark subsequent devices a faulty\n" +" --set-faulty : same as --fail\n" +" --replace : mark device(s) to be replaced by spares. Once\n" +" : replacement completes, device will be marked faulty\n" +" --with : Indicate which spare a previous '--replace' should\n" +" : prefer to use\n" +" --run -R : start a partially built array\n" +" --stop -S : deactivate array, releasing all resources\n" +" --readonly -o : mark array as readonly\n" +" --readwrite -w : mark array as readwrite\n" +; + +char Help_misc[] = +"Usage: mdadm misc_option devices...\n" +"\n" +"This usage is for performing some task on one or more devices, which\n" +"may be arrays or components, depending on the task.\n" +"The --misc option is not needed (though it is allowed) and is assumed\n" +"if the first argument in a misc option.\n" +"\n" +"Options that are valid with the miscellaneous mode are:\n" +" --query -Q : Display general information about how a\n" +" device relates to the md driver\n" +" --detail -D : Display details of an array\n" +" --detail-platform : Display hardware/firmware details\n" +" --examine -E : Examine superblock on an array component\n" +" --examine-bitmap -X: Display contents of a bitmap file\n" +" --examine-badblocks: Display list of known bad blocks on device\n" +" --zero-superblock : erase the MD superblock from a device.\n" +" --run -R : start a partially built array\n" +" --stop -S : deactivate array, releasing all resources\n" +" --readonly -o : mark array as readonly\n" +" --readwrite -w : mark array as readwrite\n" +" --test -t : exit status 0 if ok, 1 if degrade, 2 if dead, 4 if missing\n" +" --wait -W : wait for resync/rebuild/recovery to finish\n" +" --action= : initiate or abort ('idle' or 'frozen') a 'check' or 'repair'.\n" +; + +char Help_monitor[] = +"Usage: mdadm --monitor options devices\n" +"\n" +"This usage causes mdadm to monitor a number of md arrays by periodically\n" +"polling their status and acting on any changes.\n" +"If any devices are listed then those devices are monitored, otherwise\n" +"all devices listed in the config file are monitored.\n" +"The address for mailing advisories to, and the program to handle\n" +"each change can be specified in the config file or on the command line.\n" +"There must be at least one destination for advisories, whether\n" +"an email address, a program, or --syslog\n" +"\n" +"Options that are valid with the monitor (-F --follow) mode are:\n" +" --mail= -m : Address to mail alerts of failure to\n" +" --program= -p : Program to run when an event is detected\n" +" --alert= : same as --program\n" +" --syslog -y : Report alerts via syslog\n" +" --increment= -r : Report RebuildNN events in the given increment. default=20\n" +" --delay= -d : seconds of delay between polling state. default=60\n" +" --config= -c : specify a different config file\n" +" --scan -s : find mail-address/program in config file\n" +" --daemonise -f : Fork and continue in child, parent exits\n" +" --pid-file= -i : In daemon mode write pid to specified file instead of stdout\n" +" --oneshot -1 : Check for degraded arrays, then exit\n" +" --test -t : Generate a TestMessage event against each array at startup\n" +; + +char Help_grow[] = +"Usage: mdadm --grow device options\n" +"\n" +"This usage causes mdadm to attempt to reconfigure a running array.\n" +"This is only possibly if the kernel being used supports a particular\n" +"reconfiguration.\n" +"\n" +"Options that are valid with the grow (-G --grow) mode are:\n" +" --level= -l : Tell mdadm what level to convert the array to.\n" +" --layout= -p : For a FAULTY array, set/change the error mode.\n" +" : for other arrays, update the layout\n" +" --size= -z : Change the active size of devices in an array.\n" +" : This is useful if all devices have been replaced\n" +" : with larger devices. Value is in Kilobytes, or\n" +" : the special word 'max' meaning 'as large as possible'.\n" +" --assume-clean : When increasing the --size, this flag will avoid\n" +" : a resync of the new space\n" +" --chunk= -c : Change the chunksize of the array\n" +" --raid-devices= -n : Change the number of active devices in an array.\n" +" --add= -a : Add listed devices as part of reshape. This is\n" +" : needed for resizing a RAID0 which cannot have\n" +" : spares already present.\n" +" --bitmap= -b : Add or remove a write-intent bitmap.\n" +" --backup-file= file : A file on a different device to store data for a\n" +" : short time while increasing raid-devices on a\n" +" : RAID4/5/6 array. Also needed throughout a reshape\n" +" : when changing parameters other than raid-devices\n" +" --array-size= -Z : Change visible size of array. This does not change any\n" +" : data on the device, and is not stable across restarts.\n" +" --data-offset= : Location on device to move start of data to.\n" +" --consistency-policy= : Change the consistency policy of an active array.\n" +" -k : Currently works only for PPL with RAID5.\n" +; + +char Help_incr[] = +"Usage: mdadm --incremental [-Rqrsf] device\n" +"\n" +"This usage allows for incremental assembly of md arrays. Devices can be\n" +"added one at a time as they are discovered. Once an array has all expected\n" +"devices, it will be started.\n" +"\n" +"Optionally, the process can be reversed by using the fail option.\n" +"When fail mode is invoked, mdadm will see if the device belongs to an array\n" +"and then both fail (if needed) and remove the device from that array.\n" +"\n" +"Options that are valid with incremental assembly (-I --incremental) are:\n" +" --run -R : Run arrays as soon as a minimal number of devices are\n" +" : present rather than waiting for all expected.\n" +" --quiet -q : Don't print any information messages, just errors.\n" +" --rebuild-map -r : Rebuild the 'map' file that mdadm uses for tracking\n" +" : partial arrays.\n" +" --scan -s : Use with -R to start any arrays that have the minimal\n" +" : required number of devices, but are not yet started.\n" +" --fail -f : First fail (if needed) and then remove device from\n" +" : any array that it is a member of.\n" +; + +char Help_config[] = +"The /etc/mdadm.conf config file:\n\n" +" The config file contains, apart from blank lines and comment lines that\n" +" start with a hash(#), array lines, device lines, and various\n" +" configuration lines.\n" +" Each line is constructed of a number of space separated words, and can\n" +" be continued on subsequent physical lines by indenting those lines.\n" +"\n" +" A device line starts with the word 'device' and then has a number of words\n" +" which identify devices. These words should be names of devices in the\n" +" filesystem, and can contain wildcards. There can be multiple words or each\n" +" device line, and multiple device lines. All devices so listed are checked\n" +" for relevant super blocks when assembling arrays.\n" +"\n" +" An array line start with the word 'array'. This is followed by the name of\n" +" the array device in the filesystem, e.g. '/dev/md2'. Subsequent words\n" +" describe the identity of the array, used to recognise devices to include in the\n" +" array. The identity can be given as a UUID with a word starting 'uuid=', or\n" +" as a minor-number stored in the superblock using 'super-minor=', or as a list\n" +" of devices. This is given as a comma separated list of names, possibly\n" +" containing wildcards, preceded by 'devices='. If multiple critea are given,\n" +" than a device must match all of them to be considered.\n" +"\n" +" Other configuration lines include:\n" +" mailaddr, mailfrom, program used for --monitor mode\n" +" create, auto used when creating device names in /dev\n" +" homehost, policy, part-policy used to guide policy in various\n" +" situations\n" +"\n" +; + +char *mode_help[mode_count] = { + [0] = Help, + [ASSEMBLE] = Help_assemble, + [BUILD] = Help_build, + [CREATE] = Help_create, + [MANAGE] = Help_manage, + [MISC] = Help_misc, + [MONITOR] = Help_monitor, + [GROW] = Help_grow, + [INCREMENTAL] = Help_incr, +}; |