Merging upstream version 1.46.3.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

9 files changed, 0 insertions, 4138 deletions

diff --git a/libnetdata/log/Makefile.am b/libnetdata/log/Makefile.am
deleted file mode 100644
index a02b8ebd2..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/Makefile.am
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = subdir-objects
-MAINTAINERCLEANFILES = $(srcdir)/Makefile.in
-
-dist_noinst_DATA = \
-    README.md \
-    systemd-cat-native.md \
-    $(NULL)
diff --git a/libnetdata/log/README.md b/libnetdata/log/README.md
deleted file mode 100644
index d9ed64374..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/README.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,204 +0,0 @@
-<!--
-title: "Log"
-custom_edit_url: https://github.com/netdata/netdata/edit/master/libnetdata/log/README.md
-sidebar_label: "Log"
-learn_status: "Published"
-learn_topic_type: "Tasks"
-learn_rel_path: "Developers/libnetdata"
--->
-
-# Netdata Logging
-
-This document describes how Netdata generates its own logs, not how Netdata manages and queries logs databases.
-
-## Log sources
-
-Netdata supports the following log sources:
-
-1. **daemon**, logs generated by Netdata daemon.
-2. **collector**, logs generated by Netdata collectors, including internal and external ones.
-3. **access**, API requests received by Netdata
-4. **health**, all alert transitions and notifications
-
-## Log outputs
-
-For each log source, Netdata supports the following output methods:
-
-- **off**, to disable this log source
-- **journal**, to send the logs to systemd-journal.
-- **syslog**, to send the logs to syslog.
-- **system**, to send the output to `stderr` or `stdout` depending on the log source.
-- **stdout**, to write the logs to Netdata's `stdout`.
-- **stderr**, to write the logs to Netdata's `stderr`.
-- **filename**, to send the logs to a file.
-
-For `daemon` and `collector` the default is `journal` when systemd-journal is available.
-To decide if systemd-journal is available, Netdata checks:
-
-1. `stderr` is connected to systemd-journald
-2. `/run/systemd/journal/socket` exists
-3. `/host/run/systemd/journal/socket` exists (`/host` is configurable in containers)
-
-If any of the above is detected, Netdata will select `journal` for `daemon` and `collector` sources.
-
-All other sources default to a file.
-
-## Log formats
-
-| Format  | Description                                                                                            |
-|---------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| journal | journald-specific log format. Automatically selected when logging to systemd-journal.                  |
-| logfmt  | logs data as a series of key/value pairs. The default when logging to any output other than `journal`. |
-| json    | logs data in JSON format.                                                                              |
-
-## Log levels
-
-Each time Netdata logs, it assigns a priority to the log. It can be one of this (in order of importance):
-
-| Level     | Description                                                                            |
-|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| emergency | a fatal condition, Netdata will most likely exit immediately after.                    |
-| alert     | a very important issue that may affect how Netdata operates.                           |
-| critical  | a very important issue the user should know which, Netdata thinks it can survive.      |
-| error     | an error condition indicating that Netdata is trying to do something, but it fails.    |
-| warning   | something unexpected has happened that may or may not affect the operation of Netdata. |
-| notice    | something that does not affect the operation of Netdata, but the user should notice.   |
-| info      | the default log level about information the user should know.                          |
-| debug     | these are more verbose logs that can be ignored.                                       |
-
-## Logs Configuration
-
-In `netdata.conf`, there are the following settings:
-
-```
-[logs]
-	# logs to trigger flood protection = 1000
-	# logs flood protection period = 60
-	# facility = daemon
-	# level = info
-	# daemon = journal
-	# collector = journal
-	# access = /var/log/netdata/access.log
-	# health = /var/log/netdata/health.log
-```
-
-- `logs to trigger flood protection` and `logs flood protection period` enable logs flood protection for `daemon` and `collector` sources. It can also be configured per log source.
-- `facility` is used only when Netdata logs to syslog.
-- `level` defines the minimum [log level](#log-levels) of logs that will be logged. This setting is applied only to `daemon` and `collector` sources. It can also be configured per source.
-
-### Configuring log sources
-
-Each for the sources (`daemon`, `collector`, `access`, `health`), accepts the following: 
-
-```
-source = {FORMAT},level={LEVEL},protection={LOG}/{PERIOD}@{OUTPUT}
-```
-
-Where:
-
-- `{FORMAT}`, is one of the [log formats](#log-formats),
-- `{LEVEL}`, is the minimum [log level](#log-levels) to be logged,
-- `{LOGS}` is the number of `logs to trigger flood protection` configured per output,
-- `{PERIOD}` is the equivalent of `logs flood protection period` configured per output,
-- `{OUTPUT}` is one of the `[log outputs](#log-outputs),
-
-All parameters can be omitted, except `{OUTPUT}`. If `{OUTPUT}` is the only given parameter, `@` can be omitted.
-
-### Logs rotation
-
-Netdata comes with `logrotate` configuration to rotate its log files periodically.
-
-The default is usually found in `/etc/logrotate.d/netdata`.
-
-Sending a `SIGHUP` to Netdata, will instruct it to re-open all its log files.
-
-## Log Fields
-
-Netdata exposes the following fields to its logs:
-
-|                journal                 |             logfmt             |              json              |                                                Description                                                |
-|:--------------------------------------:|:------------------------------:|:------------------------------:|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
-|      `_SOURCE_REALTIME_TIMESTAMP`      |             `time`             |             `time`             |                                        the timestamp of the event                                         |
-|          `SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER`           |             `comm`             |             `comm`             |                                       the program logging the event                                       |
-|            `ND_LOG_SOURCE`             |            `source`            |            `source`            |                                  one of the [log sources](#log-sources)                                   |
-|         `PRIORITY`<br/>numeric         |        `level`<br/>text        |      `level`<br/>numeric       |                                   one of the [log levels](#log-levels)                                    |
-|                `ERRNO`                 |            `errno`             |            `errno`             |                                       the numeric value of `errno`                                        |
-|            `INVOCATION_ID`             |               -                |               -                | a unique UUID of the Netdata session, reset on every Netdata restart, inherited by systemd when available |
-|              `CODE_LINE`               |               -                |               -                |                         the line number of of the source code logging this event                          |
-|              `CODE_FILE`               |               -                |               -                |                            the filename of the source code logging this event                             |
-|            `CODE_FUNCTION`             |               -                |               -                |                          the function name of the source code logging this event                          |
-|                 `TID`                  |             `tid`              |             `tid`              |                              the thread id of the thread logging this event                               |
-|              `THREAD_TAG`              |            `thread`            |            `thread`            |                                 the name of the thread logging this event                                 |
-|              `MESSAGE_ID`              |            `msg_id`            |            `msg_id`            |                                      see [message IDs](#message-ids)                                      |
-|              `ND_MODULE`               |            `module`            |            `module`            |                                   the Netdata module logging this event                                   |
-|             `ND_NIDL_NODE`             |             `node`             |             `node`             |                             the hostname of the node the event is related to                              |
-|           `ND_NIDL_INSTANCE`           |           `instance`           |           `instance`           |                             the instance of the node the event is related to                              |
-|           `ND_NIDL_CONTEXT`            |           `context`            |           `context`            |    the context the event is related to (this is usually the chart name, as shown on netdata dashboards    |
-|          `ND_NIDL_DIMENSION`           |          `dimension`           |          `dimension`           |                                   the dimension the event is related to                                   |
-|           `ND_SRC_TRANSPORT`           |        `src_transport`         |        `src_transport`         |                  when the event happened during a request, this is the request transport                  |
-|              `ND_SRC_IP`               |            `src_ip`            |            `src_ip`            |          when the event happened during an inbound request, this is the IP the request came from          |
-|             `ND_SRC_PORT`              |           `src_port`           |           `src_port`           |         when the event happened during an inbound request, this is the port the request came from         |
-|         `ND_SRC_CAPABILITIES`          |       `src_capabilities`       |       `src_capabilities`       |          when the request came from a child, this is the communication capabilities of the child          |
-|           `ND_DST_TRANSPORT`           |        `dst_transport`         |        `dst_transport`         |        when the event happened during an outbound request, this is the outbound request transport         |
-|              `ND_DST_IP`               |            `dst_ip`            |            `dst_ip`            |        when the event happened during an outbound request, this is the IP the request destination         |
-|             `ND_DST_PORT`              |           `dst_port`           |           `dst_port`           |       when the event happened during an outbound request, this is the port the request destination        |
-|         `ND_DST_CAPABILITIES`          |       `dst_capabilities`       |       `dst_capabilities`       |          when the request goes to a parent, this is the communication capabilities of the parent          |
-|          `ND_REQUEST_METHOD`           |          `req_method`          |          `req_method`          |      when the event happened during an inbound request, this is the method the request was received       |
-|           `ND_RESPONSE_CODE`           |             `code`             |             `code`             |                         when responding to a request, this this the response code                         |
-|           `ND_CONNECTION_ID`           |             `conn`             |             `conn`             |            when there is a connection id for an inbound connection, this is the connection id             |
-|          `ND_TRANSACTION_ID`           |         `transaction`          |         `transaction`          |                               the transaction id (UUID) of all API requests                               |
-|        `ND_RESPONSE_SENT_BYTES`        |          `sent_bytes`          |          `sent_bytes`          |                                    the bytes we sent to API responses                                     |
-|        `ND_RESPONSE_SIZE_BYTES`        |          `size_bytes`          |          `size_bytes`          |                                the uncompressed bytes of the API responses                                |
-|      `ND_RESPONSE_PREP_TIME_USEC`      |           `prep_ut`            |           `prep_ut`            |                                   the time needed to prepare a response                                   |
-|      `ND_RESPONSE_SENT_TIME_USEC`      |           `sent_ut`            |           `sent_ut`            |                                    the time needed to send a response                                     |
-|     `ND_RESPONSE_TOTAL_TIME_USEC`      |           `total_ut`           |           `total_ut`           |                               the total time needed to complete a response                                |
-|             `ND_ALERT_ID`              |           `alert_id`           |           `alert_id`           |                                   the alert id this event is related to                                   |
-|          `ND_ALERT_EVENT_ID`           |        `alert_event_id`        |        `alert_event_id`        |                          a sequential number of the alert transition (per host)                           |
-|          `ND_ALERT_UNIQUE_ID`          |       `alert_unique_id`        |       `alert_unique_id`        |                          a sequential number of the alert transition (per alert)                          |
-|        `ND_ALERT_TRANSITION_ID`        |     `alert_transition_id`      |     `alert_transition_id`      |                                 the unique UUID of this alert transition                                  |
-|           `ND_ALERT_CONFIG`            |         `alert_config`         |         `alert_config`         |                                    the alert configuration hash (UUID)                                    |
-|            `ND_ALERT_NAME`             |            `alert`             |            `alert`             |                                              the alert name                                               |
-|            `ND_ALERT_CLASS`            |         `alert_class`          |         `alert_class`          |                                         the alert classification                                          |
-|          `ND_ALERT_COMPONENT`          |       `alert_component`        |       `alert_component`        |                                            the alert component                                            |
-|            `ND_ALERT_TYPE`             |          `alert_type`          |          `alert_type`          |                                              the alert type                                               |
-|            `ND_ALERT_EXEC`             |          `alert_exec`          |          `alert_exec`          |                                      the alert notification program                                       |
-|          `ND_ALERT_RECIPIENT`          |       `alert_recipient`        |       `alert_recipient`        |                                          the alert recipient(s)                                           |
-|            `ND_ALERT_VALUE`            |         `alert_value`          |         `alert_value`          |                                          the current alert value                                          |
-|          `ND_ALERT_VALUE_OLD`          |       `alert_value_old`        |       `alert_value_old`        |                                         the previous alert value                                          |
-|           `ND_ALERT_STATUS`            |         `alert_status`         |         `alert_status`         |                                         the current alert status                                          |
-|         `ND_ALERT_STATUS_OLD`          |       `alert_value_old`        |       `alert_value_old`        |                                         the previous alert value                                          |
-|            `ND_ALERT_UNITS`            |         `alert_units`          |         `alert_units`          |                                          the units of the alert                                           |
-|           `ND_ALERT_SUMMARY`           |        `alert_summary`         |        `alert_summary`         |                                       the summary text of the alert                                       |
-|            `ND_ALERT_INFO`             |          `alert_info`          |          `alert_info`          |                                        the info text of the alert                                         |
-|          `ND_ALERT_DURATION`           |        `alert_duration`        |        `alert_duration`        |                             the duration the alert was in its previous state                              |
-| `ND_ALERT_NOTIFICATION_TIMESTAMP_USEC` | `alert_notification_timestamp` | `alert_notification_timestamp` |                           the timestamp the notification delivery is scheduled                            |
-|              `ND_REQUEST`              |           `request`            |           `request`            |                             the full request during which the event happened                              |
-|               `MESSAGE`                |             `msg`              |             `msg`              |                                             the event message                                             |
-
-
-### Message IDs
-
-Netdata assigns specific message IDs to certain events:
-
-- `ed4cdb8f1beb4ad3b57cb3cae2d162fa` when a Netdata child connects to this Netdata
-- `6e2e3839067648968b646045dbf28d66` when this Netdata connects to a Netdata parent
-- `9ce0cb58ab8b44df82c4bf1ad9ee22de` when alerts change state
-- `6db0018e83e34320ae2a659d78019fb7` when notifications are sent
-
-You can view these events using the Netdata systemd-journal.plugin at the `MESSAGE_ID` filter,
-or using `journalctl` like this:
-
-```bash
-# query children connection
-journalctl MESSAGE_ID=ed4cdb8f1beb4ad3b57cb3cae2d162fa
-
-# query parent connection
-journalctl MESSAGE_ID=6e2e3839067648968b646045dbf28d66
-
-# query alert transitions
-journalctl MESSAGE_ID=9ce0cb58ab8b44df82c4bf1ad9ee22de
-
-# query alert notifications
-journalctl MESSAGE_ID=6db0018e83e34320ae2a659d78019fb7
-```
-
diff --git a/libnetdata/log/journal.c b/libnetdata/log/journal.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 21978cf5f..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/journal.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#include "journal.h"
-
-bool is_path_unix_socket(const char *path) {
-    if(!path || !*path)
-        return false;
-
-    struct stat statbuf;
-
-    // Check if the path is valid
-    if (!path || !*path)
-        return false;
-
-    // Use stat to check if the file exists and is a socket
-    if (stat(path, &statbuf) == -1)
-        // The file does not exist or cannot be accessed
-        return false;
-
-    // Check if the file is a socket
-    if (S_ISSOCK(statbuf.st_mode))
-        return true;
-
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool is_stderr_connected_to_journal(void) {
-    const char *journal_stream = getenv("JOURNAL_STREAM");
-    if (!journal_stream)
-        return false; // JOURNAL_STREAM is not set
-
-    struct stat stderr_stat;
-    if (fstat(STDERR_FILENO, &stderr_stat) < 0)
-        return false; // Error in getting stderr info
-
-    // Parse device and inode from JOURNAL_STREAM
-    char *endptr;
-    long journal_dev = strtol(journal_stream, &endptr, 10);
-    if (*endptr != ':')
-        return false; // Format error in JOURNAL_STREAM
-
-    long journal_ino = strtol(endptr + 1, NULL, 10);
-
-    return (stderr_stat.st_dev == (dev_t)journal_dev) && (stderr_stat.st_ino == (ino_t)journal_ino);
-}
-
-int journal_direct_fd(const char *path) {
-    if(!path || !*path)
-        path = JOURNAL_DIRECT_SOCKET;
-
-    if(!is_path_unix_socket(path))
-        return -1;
-
-    int fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
-    if (fd < 0) return -1;
-
-    struct sockaddr_un addr;
-    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
-    addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
-    strncpy(addr.sun_path, path, sizeof(addr.sun_path) - 1);
-
-    // Connect the socket (optional, but can simplify send operations)
-    if (connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
-        close(fd);
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    return fd;
-}
-
-static inline bool journal_send_with_memfd(int fd, const char *msg, size_t msg_len) {
-#if defined(__NR_memfd_create) && defined(MFD_ALLOW_SEALING) && defined(F_ADD_SEALS) && defined(F_SEAL_SHRINK) && defined(F_SEAL_GROW) && defined(F_SEAL_WRITE)
-    // Create a memory file descriptor
-    int memfd = (int)syscall(__NR_memfd_create, "journald", MFD_ALLOW_SEALING);
-    if (memfd < 0) return false;
-
-    // Write data to the memfd
-    if (write(memfd, msg, msg_len) != (ssize_t)msg_len) {
-        close(memfd);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    // Seal the memfd to make it immutable
-    if (fcntl(memfd, F_ADD_SEALS, F_SEAL_SHRINK | F_SEAL_GROW | F_SEAL_WRITE) < 0) {
-        close(memfd);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    struct iovec iov = {0};
-    struct msghdr msghdr = {0};
-    struct cmsghdr *cmsghdr;
-    char cmsgbuf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
-
-    msghdr.msg_iov = &iov;
-    msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
-    msghdr.msg_control = cmsgbuf;
-    msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(cmsgbuf);
-
-    cmsghdr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msghdr);
-    cmsghdr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
-    cmsghdr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
-    cmsghdr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
-    memcpy(CMSG_DATA(cmsghdr), &memfd, sizeof(int));
-
-    ssize_t r = sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, 0);
-
-    close(memfd);
-    return r >= 0;
-#else
-    return false;
-#endif
-}
-
-bool journal_direct_send(int fd, const char *msg, size_t msg_len) {
-    // Send the datagram
-    if (send(fd, msg, msg_len, 0) < 0) {
-        if(errno != EMSGSIZE)
-            return false;
-
-        // datagram is too large, fallback to memfd
-        if(!journal_send_with_memfd(fd, msg, msg_len))
-            return false;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-void journal_construct_path(char *dst, size_t dst_len, const char *host_prefix, const char *namespace_str) {
-    if(!host_prefix)
-        host_prefix = "";
-
-    if(namespace_str)
-        snprintfz(dst, dst_len, "%s/run/systemd/journal.%s/socket",
-                  host_prefix, namespace_str);
-    else
-        snprintfz(dst, dst_len, "%s" JOURNAL_DIRECT_SOCKET,
-                  host_prefix);
-}
diff --git a/libnetdata/log/journal.h b/libnetdata/log/journal.h
deleted file mode 100644
index df8ece18b..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/journal.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#include "../libnetdata.h"
-
-#ifndef NETDATA_LOG_JOURNAL_H
-#define NETDATA_LOG_JOURNAL_H
-
-#define JOURNAL_DIRECT_SOCKET "/run/systemd/journal/socket"
-
-void journal_construct_path(char *dst, size_t dst_len, const char *host_prefix, const char *namespace_str);
-
-int journal_direct_fd(const char *path);
-bool journal_direct_send(int fd, const char *msg, size_t msg_len);
-
-bool is_path_unix_socket(const char *path);
-bool is_stderr_connected_to_journal(void);
-
-#endif //NETDATA_LOG_JOURNAL_H
diff --git a/libnetdata/log/log.c b/libnetdata/log/log.c
deleted file mode 100644
index c805716ce..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/log.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2431 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#define SD_JOURNAL_SUPPRESS_LOCATION
-
-#include "../libnetdata.h"
-#include <daemon/main.h>
-
-#ifdef __FreeBSD__
-#include <sys/endian.h>
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-#include <machine/endian.h>
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_BACKTRACE
-#include <execinfo.h>
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD
-#include <systemd/sd-journal.h>
-#endif
-
-#include <syslog.h>
-
-const char *program_name = "";
-
-uint64_t debug_flags = 0;
-
-#ifdef ENABLE_ACLK
-int aclklog_enabled = 0;
-#endif
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-struct nd_log_source;
-static bool nd_log_limit_reached(struct nd_log_source *source);
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// logging method
-
-typedef enum  __attribute__((__packed__)) {
-    NDLM_DISABLED = 0,
-    NDLM_DEVNULL,
-    NDLM_DEFAULT,
-    NDLM_JOURNAL,
-    NDLM_SYSLOG,
-    NDLM_STDOUT,
-    NDLM_STDERR,
-    NDLM_FILE,
-} ND_LOG_METHOD;
-
-static struct {
-    ND_LOG_METHOD method;
-    const char *name;
-} nd_log_methods[] = {
-        { .method = NDLM_DISABLED, .name = "none" },
-        { .method = NDLM_DEVNULL, .name = "/dev/null" },
-        { .method = NDLM_DEFAULT, .name = "default" },
-        { .method = NDLM_JOURNAL, .name = "journal" },
-        { .method = NDLM_SYSLOG, .name = "syslog" },
-        { .method = NDLM_STDOUT, .name = "stdout" },
-        { .method = NDLM_STDERR, .name = "stderr" },
-        { .method = NDLM_FILE, .name = "file" },
-};
-
-static ND_LOG_METHOD nd_log_method2id(const char *method) {
-    if(!method || !*method)
-        return NDLM_DEFAULT;
-
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_methods) / sizeof(nd_log_methods[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(strcmp(nd_log_methods[i].name, method) == 0)
-            return nd_log_methods[i].method;
-    }
-
-    return NDLM_FILE;
-}
-
-static const char *nd_log_id2method(ND_LOG_METHOD method) {
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_methods) / sizeof(nd_log_methods[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(method == nd_log_methods[i].method)
-            return nd_log_methods[i].name;
-    }
-
-    return "unknown";
-}
-
-#define IS_VALID_LOG_METHOD_FOR_EXTERNAL_PLUGINS(ndlo) ((ndlo) == NDLM_JOURNAL || (ndlo) == NDLM_SYSLOG || (ndlo) == NDLM_STDERR)
-
-const char *nd_log_method_for_external_plugins(const char *s) {
-    if(s && *s) {
-        ND_LOG_METHOD method = nd_log_method2id(s);
-        if(IS_VALID_LOG_METHOD_FOR_EXTERNAL_PLUGINS(method))
-            return nd_log_id2method(method);
-    }
-
-    return nd_log_id2method(NDLM_STDERR);
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// workaround strerror_r()
-
-#if defined(STRERROR_R_CHAR_P)
-// GLIBC version of strerror_r
-static const char *strerror_result(const char *a, const char *b) { (void)b; return a; }
-#elif defined(HAVE_STRERROR_R)
-// POSIX version of strerror_r
-static const char *strerror_result(int a, const char *b) { (void)a; return b; }
-#elif defined(HAVE_C__GENERIC)
-
-// what a trick!
-// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/479207/function-overloading-in-c
-static const char *strerror_result_int(int a, const char *b) { (void)a; return b; }
-static const char *strerror_result_string(const char *a, const char *b) { (void)b; return a; }
-
-#define strerror_result(a, b) _Generic((a), \
-    int: strerror_result_int, \
-    char *: strerror_result_string \
-    )(a, b)
-
-#else
-#error "cannot detect the format of function strerror_r()"
-#endif
-
-static const char *errno2str(int errnum, char *buf, size_t size) {
-    return strerror_result(strerror_r(errnum, buf, size), buf);
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// facilities
-//
-// sys/syslog.h (Linux)
-// sys/sys/syslog.h (FreeBSD)
-// bsd/sys/syslog.h (darwin-xnu)
-
-static struct {
-    int facility;
-    const char *name;
-} nd_log_facilities[] = {
-        { LOG_AUTH, "auth" },
-        { LOG_AUTHPRIV, "authpriv" },
-        { LOG_CRON, "cron" },
-        { LOG_DAEMON, "daemon" },
-        { LOG_FTP, "ftp" },
-        { LOG_KERN, "kern" },
-        { LOG_LPR, "lpr" },
-        { LOG_MAIL, "mail" },
-        { LOG_NEWS, "news" },
-        { LOG_SYSLOG, "syslog" },
-        { LOG_USER, "user" },
-        { LOG_UUCP, "uucp" },
-        { LOG_LOCAL0, "local0" },
-        { LOG_LOCAL1, "local1" },
-        { LOG_LOCAL2, "local2" },
-        { LOG_LOCAL3, "local3" },
-        { LOG_LOCAL4, "local4" },
-        { LOG_LOCAL5, "local5" },
-        { LOG_LOCAL6, "local6" },
-        { LOG_LOCAL7, "local7" },
-
-#ifdef __FreeBSD__
-        { LOG_CONSOLE, "console" },
-        { LOG_NTP, "ntp" },
-
-        // FreeBSD does not consider 'security' as deprecated.
-        { LOG_SECURITY, "security" },
-#else
-        // For all other O/S 'security' is mapped to 'auth'.
-        { LOG_AUTH, "security" },
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-        { LOG_INSTALL, "install" },
-        { LOG_NETINFO, "netinfo" },
-        { LOG_RAS,     "ras" },
-        { LOG_REMOTEAUTH, "remoteauth" },
-        { LOG_LAUNCHD, "launchd" },
-
-#endif
-};
-
-static int nd_log_facility2id(const char *facility) {
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_facilities) / sizeof(nd_log_facilities[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(strcmp(nd_log_facilities[i].name, facility) == 0)
-            return nd_log_facilities[i].facility;
-    }
-
-    return LOG_DAEMON;
-}
-
-static const char *nd_log_id2facility(int facility) {
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_facilities) / sizeof(nd_log_facilities[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(nd_log_facilities[i].facility == facility)
-            return nd_log_facilities[i].name;
-    }
-
-    return "daemon";
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// priorities
-
-static struct {
-    ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority;
-    const char *name;
-} nd_log_priorities[] = {
-        { .priority = NDLP_EMERG, .name = "emergency" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_EMERG, .name = "emerg" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_ALERT, .name = "alert" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_CRIT, .name = "critical" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_CRIT, .name = "crit" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_ERR, .name = "error" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_ERR, .name = "err" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_WARNING, .name = "warning" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_WARNING, .name = "warn" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_NOTICE, .name = "notice" },
-        { .priority = NDLP_INFO, .name = NDLP_INFO_STR },
-        { .priority = NDLP_DEBUG, .name = "debug" },
-};
-
-int nd_log_priority2id(const char *priority) {
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_priorities) / sizeof(nd_log_priorities[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(strcmp(nd_log_priorities[i].name, priority) == 0)
-            return nd_log_priorities[i].priority;
-    }
-
-    return NDLP_INFO;
-}
-
-const char *nd_log_id2priority(ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority) {
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_priorities) / sizeof(nd_log_priorities[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(priority == nd_log_priorities[i].priority)
-            return nd_log_priorities[i].name;
-    }
-
-    return NDLP_INFO_STR;
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// log sources
-
-const char *nd_log_sources[] = {
-        [NDLS_UNSET] = "UNSET",
-        [NDLS_ACCESS] = "access",
-        [NDLS_ACLK] = "aclk",
-        [NDLS_COLLECTORS] = "collector",
-        [NDLS_DAEMON] = "daemon",
-        [NDLS_HEALTH] = "health",
-        [NDLS_DEBUG] = "debug",
-};
-
-size_t nd_log_source2id(const char *source, ND_LOG_SOURCES def) {
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_sources) / sizeof(nd_log_sources[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(strcmp(nd_log_sources[i], source) == 0)
-            return i;
-    }
-
-    return def;
-}
-
-
-static const char *nd_log_id2source(ND_LOG_SOURCES source) {
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_sources) / sizeof(nd_log_sources[0]);
-    if(source < entries)
-        return nd_log_sources[source];
-
-    return nd_log_sources[NDLS_COLLECTORS];
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// log output formats
-
-typedef enum __attribute__((__packed__)) {
-    NDLF_JOURNAL,
-    NDLF_LOGFMT,
-    NDLF_JSON,
-} ND_LOG_FORMAT;
-
-static struct {
-    ND_LOG_FORMAT format;
-    const char *name;
-} nd_log_formats[] = {
-        { .format = NDLF_JOURNAL, .name = "journal" },
-        { .format = NDLF_LOGFMT, .name = "logfmt" },
-        { .format = NDLF_JSON, .name = "json" },
-};
-
-static ND_LOG_FORMAT nd_log_format2id(const char *format) {
-    if(!format || !*format)
-        return NDLF_LOGFMT;
-
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_formats) / sizeof(nd_log_formats[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(strcmp(nd_log_formats[i].name, format) == 0)
-            return nd_log_formats[i].format;
-    }
-
-    return NDLF_LOGFMT;
-}
-
-static const char *nd_log_id2format(ND_LOG_FORMAT format) {
-    size_t entries = sizeof(nd_log_formats) / sizeof(nd_log_formats[0]);
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < entries ;i++) {
-        if(format == nd_log_formats[i].format)
-            return nd_log_formats[i].name;
-    }
-
-    return "logfmt";
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// format dates
-
-void log_date(char *buffer, size_t len, time_t now) {
-    if(unlikely(!buffer || !len))
-        return;
-
-    time_t t = now;
-    struct tm *tmp, tmbuf;
-
-    tmp = localtime_r(&t, &tmbuf);
-
-    if (unlikely(!tmp)) {
-        buffer[0] = '\0';
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (unlikely(strftime(buffer, len, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", tmp) == 0))
-        buffer[0] = '\0';
-
-    buffer[len - 1] = '\0';
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-struct nd_log_limit {
-    usec_t started_monotonic_ut;
-    uint32_t counter;
-    uint32_t prevented;
-
-    uint32_t throttle_period;
-    uint32_t logs_per_period;
-    uint32_t logs_per_period_backup;
-};
-
-#define ND_LOG_LIMITS_DEFAULT (struct nd_log_limit){ .logs_per_period = ND_LOG_DEFAULT_THROTTLE_LOGS, .logs_per_period_backup = ND_LOG_DEFAULT_THROTTLE_LOGS, .throttle_period = ND_LOG_DEFAULT_THROTTLE_PERIOD, }
-#define ND_LOG_LIMITS_UNLIMITED (struct nd_log_limit){  .logs_per_period = 0, .logs_per_period_backup = 0, .throttle_period = 0, }
-
-struct nd_log_source {
-    SPINLOCK spinlock;
-    ND_LOG_METHOD method;
-    ND_LOG_FORMAT format;
-    const char *filename;
-    int fd;
-    FILE *fp;
-
-    ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY min_priority;
-    const char *pending_msg;
-    struct nd_log_limit limits;
-};
-
-static __thread ND_LOG_SOURCES overwrite_thread_source = 0;
-
-void nd_log_set_thread_source(ND_LOG_SOURCES source) {
-    overwrite_thread_source = source;
-}
-
-static struct {
-    uuid_t invocation_id;
-
-    ND_LOG_SOURCES overwrite_process_source;
-
-    struct nd_log_source sources[_NDLS_MAX];
-
-    struct {
-        bool initialized;
-    } journal;
-
-    struct {
-        bool initialized;
-        int fd;
-        char filename[FILENAME_MAX + 1];
-    } journal_direct;
-
-    struct {
-        bool initialized;
-        int facility;
-    } syslog;
-
-    struct {
-        SPINLOCK spinlock;
-        bool initialized;
-    } std_output;
-
-    struct {
-        SPINLOCK spinlock;
-        bool initialized;
-    } std_error;
-
-} nd_log = {
-        .overwrite_process_source = 0,
-        .journal = {
-                .initialized = false,
-        },
-        .journal_direct = {
-                .initialized = false,
-                .fd = -1,
-        },
-        .syslog = {
-                .initialized = false,
-                .facility = LOG_DAEMON,
-        },
-        .std_output = {
-                .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                .initialized = false,
-        },
-        .std_error = {
-                .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                .initialized = false,
-        },
-        .sources = {
-                [NDLS_UNSET] = {
-                        .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                        .method = NDLM_DISABLED,
-                        .format = NDLF_JOURNAL,
-                        .filename = NULL,
-                        .fd = -1,
-                        .fp = NULL,
-                        .min_priority = NDLP_EMERG,
-                        .limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_UNLIMITED,
-                },
-                [NDLS_ACCESS] = {
-                        .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                        .method = NDLM_DEFAULT,
-                        .format = NDLF_LOGFMT,
-                        .filename = LOG_DIR "/access.log",
-                        .fd = -1,
-                        .fp = NULL,
-                        .min_priority = NDLP_DEBUG,
-                        .limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_UNLIMITED,
-                },
-                [NDLS_ACLK] = {
-                        .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                        .method = NDLM_FILE,
-                        .format = NDLF_LOGFMT,
-                        .filename = LOG_DIR "/aclk.log",
-                        .fd = -1,
-                        .fp = NULL,
-                        .min_priority = NDLP_DEBUG,
-                        .limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_UNLIMITED,
-                },
-                [NDLS_COLLECTORS] = {
-                        .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                        .method = NDLM_DEFAULT,
-                        .format = NDLF_LOGFMT,
-                        .filename = LOG_DIR "/collectors.log",
-                        .fd = STDERR_FILENO,
-                        .fp = NULL,
-                        .min_priority = NDLP_INFO,
-                        .limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_DEFAULT,
-                },
-                [NDLS_DEBUG] = {
-                        .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                        .method = NDLM_DISABLED,
-                        .format = NDLF_LOGFMT,
-                        .filename = LOG_DIR "/debug.log",
-                        .fd = STDOUT_FILENO,
-                        .fp = NULL,
-                        .min_priority = NDLP_DEBUG,
-                        .limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_UNLIMITED,
-                },
-                [NDLS_DAEMON] = {
-                        .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                        .method = NDLM_DEFAULT,
-                        .filename = LOG_DIR "/daemon.log",
-                        .format = NDLF_LOGFMT,
-                        .fd = -1,
-                        .fp = NULL,
-                        .min_priority = NDLP_INFO,
-                        .limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_DEFAULT,
-                },
-                [NDLS_HEALTH] = {
-                        .spinlock = NETDATA_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER,
-                        .method = NDLM_DEFAULT,
-                        .format = NDLF_LOGFMT,
-                        .filename = LOG_DIR "/health.log",
-                        .fd = -1,
-                        .fp = NULL,
-                        .min_priority = NDLP_DEBUG,
-                        .limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_UNLIMITED,
-                },
-        },
-};
-
-__attribute__((constructor)) void initialize_invocation_id(void) {
-    // check for a NETDATA_INVOCATION_ID
-    if(uuid_parse_flexi(getenv("NETDATA_INVOCATION_ID"), nd_log.invocation_id) != 0) {
-        // not found, check for systemd set INVOCATION_ID
-        if(uuid_parse_flexi(getenv("INVOCATION_ID"), nd_log.invocation_id) != 0) {
-            // not found, generate a new one
-            uuid_generate_random(nd_log.invocation_id);
-        }
-    }
-
-    char uuid[UUID_COMPACT_STR_LEN];
-    uuid_unparse_lower_compact(nd_log.invocation_id, uuid);
-    setenv("NETDATA_INVOCATION_ID", uuid, 1);
-}
-
-int nd_log_health_fd(void) {
-    if(nd_log.sources[NDLS_HEALTH].method == NDLM_FILE && nd_log.sources[NDLS_HEALTH].fd != -1)
-        return nd_log.sources[NDLS_HEALTH].fd;
-
-    return STDERR_FILENO;
-}
-
-void nd_log_set_user_settings(ND_LOG_SOURCES source, const char *setting) {
-    char buf[FILENAME_MAX + 100];
-    if(setting && *setting)
-        strncpyz(buf, setting, sizeof(buf) - 1);
-    else
-        buf[0] = '\0';
-
-    struct nd_log_source *ls = &nd_log.sources[source];
-    char *output = strrchr(buf, '@');
-
-    if(!output)
-        // all of it is the output
-        output = buf;
-    else {
-        // we found an '@', the next char is the output
-        *output = '\0';
-        output++;
-
-        // parse the other params
-        char *remaining = buf;
-        while(remaining) {
-            char *value = strsep_skip_consecutive_separators(&remaining, ",");
-            if (!value || !*value) continue;
-
-            char *name = strsep_skip_consecutive_separators(&value, "=");
-            if (!name || !*name) continue;
-
-            if(strcmp(name, "logfmt") == 0)
-                ls->format = NDLF_LOGFMT;
-            else if(strcmp(name, "json") == 0)
-                ls->format = NDLF_JSON;
-            else if(strcmp(name, "journal") == 0)
-                ls->format = NDLF_JOURNAL;
-            else if(strcmp(name, "level") == 0 && value && *value)
-                ls->min_priority = nd_log_priority2id(value);
-            else if(strcmp(name, "protection") == 0 && value && *value) {
-                if(strcmp(value, "off") == 0 || strcmp(value, "none") == 0) {
-                    ls->limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_UNLIMITED;
-                    ls->limits.counter = 0;
-                    ls->limits.prevented = 0;
-                }
-                else {
-                    ls->limits = ND_LOG_LIMITS_DEFAULT;
-
-                    char *slash = strchr(value, '/');
-                    if(slash) {
-                        *slash = '\0';
-                        slash++;
-                        ls->limits.logs_per_period = ls->limits.logs_per_period_backup = str2u(value);
-                        ls->limits.throttle_period = str2u(slash);
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        ls->limits.logs_per_period = ls->limits.logs_per_period_backup = str2u(value);
-                        ls->limits.throttle_period = ND_LOG_DEFAULT_THROTTLE_PERIOD;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            else
-                nd_log(NDLS_DAEMON, NDLP_ERR, "Error while parsing configuration of log source '%s'. "
-                                              "In config '%s', '%s' is not understood.",
-                       nd_log_id2source(source), setting, name);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if(!output || !*output || strcmp(output, "none") == 0 || strcmp(output, "off") == 0) {
-        ls->method = NDLM_DISABLED;
-        ls->filename = "/dev/null";
-    }
-    else if(strcmp(output, "journal") == 0) {
-        ls->method = NDLM_JOURNAL;
-        ls->filename = NULL;
-    }
-    else if(strcmp(output, "syslog") == 0) {
-        ls->method = NDLM_SYSLOG;
-        ls->filename = NULL;
-    }
-    else if(strcmp(output, "/dev/null") == 0) {
-        ls->method = NDLM_DEVNULL;
-        ls->filename = "/dev/null";
-    }
-    else if(strcmp(output, "system") == 0) {
-        if(ls->fd == STDERR_FILENO) {
-            ls->method = NDLM_STDERR;
-            ls->filename = NULL;
-            ls->fd = STDERR_FILENO;
-        }
-        else {
-            ls->method = NDLM_STDOUT;
-            ls->filename = NULL;
-            ls->fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
-        }
-    }
-    else if(strcmp(output, "stderr") == 0) {
-        ls->method = NDLM_STDERR;
-        ls->filename = NULL;
-        ls->fd = STDERR_FILENO;
-    }
-    else if(strcmp(output, "stdout") == 0) {
-        ls->method = NDLM_STDOUT;
-        ls->filename = NULL;
-        ls->fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
-    }
-    else {
-        ls->method = NDLM_FILE;
-        ls->filename = strdupz(output);
-    }
-
-#if defined(NETDATA_INTERNAL_CHECKS) || defined(NETDATA_DEV_MODE)
-    ls->min_priority = NDLP_DEBUG;
-#endif
-
-    if(source == NDLS_COLLECTORS) {
-        // set the method for the collector processes we will spawn
-
-        ND_LOG_METHOD method;
-        ND_LOG_FORMAT format = ls->format;
-        ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority = ls->min_priority;
-
-        if(ls->method == NDLM_SYSLOG || ls->method == NDLM_JOURNAL)
-            method = ls->method;
-        else
-            method = NDLM_STDERR;
-
-        setenv("NETDATA_LOG_METHOD", nd_log_id2method(method), 1);
-        setenv("NETDATA_LOG_FORMAT", nd_log_id2format(format), 1);
-        setenv("NETDATA_LOG_LEVEL", nd_log_id2priority(priority), 1);
-    }
-}
-
-void nd_log_set_priority_level(const char *setting) {
-    if(!setting || !*setting)
-        setting = "info";
-
-    ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority = nd_log_priority2id(setting);
-
-#if defined(NETDATA_INTERNAL_CHECKS) || defined(NETDATA_DEV_MODE)
-    priority = NDLP_DEBUG;
-#endif
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < _NDLS_MAX; i++) {
-        if (i != NDLS_DEBUG)
-            nd_log.sources[i].min_priority = priority;
-    }
-
-    // the right one
-    setenv("NETDATA_LOG_LEVEL", nd_log_id2priority(priority), 1);
-}
-
-void nd_log_set_facility(const char *facility) {
-    if(!facility || !*facility)
-        facility = "daemon";
-
-    nd_log.syslog.facility = nd_log_facility2id(facility);
-    setenv("NETDATA_SYSLOG_FACILITY", nd_log_id2facility(nd_log.syslog.facility), 1);
-}
-
-void nd_log_set_flood_protection(size_t logs, time_t period) {
-    nd_log.sources[NDLS_DAEMON].limits.logs_per_period =
-            nd_log.sources[NDLS_DAEMON].limits.logs_per_period_backup;
-            nd_log.sources[NDLS_COLLECTORS].limits.logs_per_period =
-            nd_log.sources[NDLS_COLLECTORS].limits.logs_per_period_backup = logs;
-
-    nd_log.sources[NDLS_DAEMON].limits.throttle_period =
-            nd_log.sources[NDLS_COLLECTORS].limits.throttle_period = period;
-
-    char buf[100];
-    snprintfz(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRIu64, (uint64_t )period);
-    setenv("NETDATA_ERRORS_THROTTLE_PERIOD", buf, 1);
-    snprintfz(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRIu64, (uint64_t )logs);
-    setenv("NETDATA_ERRORS_PER_PERIOD", buf, 1);
-}
-
-static bool nd_log_journal_systemd_init(void) {
-#ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD
-    nd_log.journal.initialized = true;
-#else
-    nd_log.journal.initialized = false;
-#endif
-
-    return nd_log.journal.initialized;
-}
-
-static void nd_log_journal_direct_set_env(void) {
-    if(nd_log.sources[NDLS_COLLECTORS].method == NDLM_JOURNAL)
-        setenv("NETDATA_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL_PATH", nd_log.journal_direct.filename, 1);
-}
-
-static bool nd_log_journal_direct_init(const char *path) {
-    if(nd_log.journal_direct.initialized) {
-        nd_log_journal_direct_set_env();
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    int fd;
-    char filename[FILENAME_MAX + 1];
-    if(!is_path_unix_socket(path)) {
-
-        journal_construct_path(filename, sizeof(filename), netdata_configured_host_prefix, "netdata");
-        if (!is_path_unix_socket(filename) || (fd = journal_direct_fd(filename)) == -1) {
-
-            journal_construct_path(filename, sizeof(filename), netdata_configured_host_prefix, NULL);
-            if (!is_path_unix_socket(filename) || (fd = journal_direct_fd(filename)) == -1) {
-
-                journal_construct_path(filename, sizeof(filename), NULL, "netdata");
-                if (!is_path_unix_socket(filename) || (fd = journal_direct_fd(filename)) == -1) {
-
-                    journal_construct_path(filename, sizeof(filename), NULL, NULL);
-                    if (!is_path_unix_socket(filename) || (fd = journal_direct_fd(filename)) == -1)
-                        return false;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        snprintfz(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s", path);
-        fd = journal_direct_fd(filename);
-    }
-
-    if(fd < 0)
-        return false;
-
-    nd_log.journal_direct.fd = fd;
-    nd_log.journal_direct.initialized = true;
-
-    strncpyz(nd_log.journal_direct.filename, filename, sizeof(nd_log.journal_direct.filename) - 1);
-    nd_log_journal_direct_set_env();
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-static void nd_log_syslog_init() {
-    if(nd_log.syslog.initialized)
-        return;
-
-    openlog(program_name, LOG_PID, nd_log.syslog.facility);
-    nd_log.syslog.initialized = true;
-}
-
-void nd_log_initialize_for_external_plugins(const char *name) {
-    // if we don't run under Netdata, log to stderr,
-    // otherwise, use the logging method Netdata wants us to use.
-    setenv("NETDATA_LOG_METHOD", "stderr", 0);
-    setenv("NETDATA_LOG_FORMAT", "logfmt", 0);
-
-    nd_log.overwrite_process_source = NDLS_COLLECTORS;
-    program_name = name;
-
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < _NDLS_MAX ;i++) {
-        nd_log.sources[i].method = STDERR_FILENO;
-        nd_log.sources[i].fd = -1;
-        nd_log.sources[i].fp = NULL;
-    }
-
-    nd_log_set_priority_level(getenv("NETDATA_LOG_LEVEL"));
-    nd_log_set_facility(getenv("NETDATA_SYSLOG_FACILITY"));
-
-    time_t period = 1200;
-    size_t logs = 200;
-    const char *s = getenv("NETDATA_ERRORS_THROTTLE_PERIOD");
-    if(s && *s >= '0' && *s <= '9') {
-        period = str2l(s);
-        if(period < 0) period = 0;
-    }
-
-    s = getenv("NETDATA_ERRORS_PER_PERIOD");
-    if(s && *s >= '0' && *s <= '9')
-        logs = str2u(s);
-
-    nd_log_set_flood_protection(logs, period);
-
-    if(!netdata_configured_host_prefix) {
-        s = getenv("NETDATA_HOST_PREFIX");
-        if(s && *s)
-            netdata_configured_host_prefix = (char *)s;
-    }
-
-    ND_LOG_METHOD method = nd_log_method2id(getenv("NETDATA_LOG_METHOD"));
-    ND_LOG_FORMAT format = nd_log_format2id(getenv("NETDATA_LOG_FORMAT"));
-
-    if(!IS_VALID_LOG_METHOD_FOR_EXTERNAL_PLUGINS(method)) {
-        if(is_stderr_connected_to_journal()) {
-            nd_log(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP_WARNING, "NETDATA_LOG_METHOD is not set. Using journal.");
-            method = NDLM_JOURNAL;
-        }
-        else {
-            nd_log(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP_WARNING, "NETDATA_LOG_METHOD is not set. Using stderr.");
-            method = NDLM_STDERR;
-        }
-    }
-
-    switch(method) {
-        case NDLM_JOURNAL:
-            if(!nd_log_journal_direct_init(getenv("NETDATA_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL_PATH")) ||
-               !nd_log_journal_direct_init(NULL) || !nd_log_journal_systemd_init()) {
-                nd_log(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP_WARNING, "Failed to initialize journal. Using stderr.");
-                method = NDLM_STDERR;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_SYSLOG:
-            nd_log_syslog_init();
-            break;
-
-        default:
-            method = NDLM_STDERR;
-            break;
-    }
-
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < _NDLS_MAX ;i++) {
-        nd_log.sources[i].method = method;
-        nd_log.sources[i].format = format;
-        nd_log.sources[i].fd = -1;
-        nd_log.sources[i].fp = NULL;
-    }
-
-//    nd_log(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP_NOTICE, "FINAL_LOG_METHOD: %s", nd_log_id2method(method));
-}
-
-static bool nd_log_replace_existing_fd(struct nd_log_source *e, int new_fd) {
-    if(new_fd == -1 || e->fd == -1 ||
-            (e->fd == STDOUT_FILENO && nd_log.std_output.initialized) ||
-            (e->fd == STDERR_FILENO && nd_log.std_error.initialized))
-        return false;
-
-    if(new_fd != e->fd) {
-        int t = dup2(new_fd, e->fd);
-
-        bool ret = true;
-        if (t == -1) {
-            netdata_log_error("Cannot dup2() new fd %d to old fd %d for '%s'", new_fd, e->fd, e->filename);
-            ret = false;
-        }
-        else
-            close(new_fd);
-
-        if(e->fd == STDOUT_FILENO)
-            nd_log.std_output.initialized = true;
-        else if(e->fd == STDERR_FILENO)
-            nd_log.std_error.initialized = true;
-
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    return false;
-}
-
-static void nd_log_open(struct nd_log_source *e, ND_LOG_SOURCES source) {
-    if(e->method == NDLM_DEFAULT)
-        nd_log_set_user_settings(source, e->filename);
-
-    if((e->method == NDLM_FILE && !e->filename) ||
-       (e->method == NDLM_DEVNULL && e->fd == -1))
-        e->method = NDLM_DISABLED;
-
-    if(e->fp)
-        fflush(e->fp);
-
-    switch(e->method) {
-        case NDLM_SYSLOG:
-            nd_log_syslog_init();
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_JOURNAL:
-            nd_log_journal_direct_init(NULL);
-            nd_log_journal_systemd_init();
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_STDOUT:
-            e->fp = stdout;
-            e->fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_DISABLED:
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_DEFAULT:
-        case NDLM_STDERR:
-            e->method = NDLM_STDERR;
-            e->fp = stderr;
-            e->fd = STDERR_FILENO;
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_DEVNULL:
-        case NDLM_FILE: {
-            int fd = open(e->filename, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0664);
-            if(fd == -1) {
-                if(e->fd != STDOUT_FILENO && e->fd != STDERR_FILENO) {
-                    e->fd = STDERR_FILENO;
-                    e->method = NDLM_STDERR;
-                    netdata_log_error("Cannot open log file '%s'. Falling back to stderr.", e->filename);
-                }
-                else
-                    netdata_log_error("Cannot open log file '%s'. Leaving fd %d as-is.", e->filename, e->fd);
-            }
-            else {
-                if (!nd_log_replace_existing_fd(e, fd)) {
-                    if(e->fd == STDOUT_FILENO || e->fd == STDERR_FILENO) {
-                        if(e->fd == STDOUT_FILENO)
-                            e->method = NDLM_STDOUT;
-                        else if(e->fd == STDERR_FILENO)
-                            e->method = NDLM_STDERR;
-
-                        // we have dup2() fd, so we can close the one we opened
-                        if(fd != STDOUT_FILENO && fd != STDERR_FILENO)
-                            close(fd);
-                    }
-                    else
-                        e->fd = fd;
-                }
-            }
-
-            // at this point we have e->fd set properly
-
-            if(e->fd == STDOUT_FILENO)
-                e->fp = stdout;
-            else if(e->fd == STDERR_FILENO)
-                e->fp = stderr;
-
-            if(!e->fp) {
-                e->fp = fdopen(e->fd, "a");
-                if (!e->fp) {
-                    netdata_log_error("Cannot fdopen() fd %d ('%s')", e->fd, e->filename);
-
-                    if(e->fd != STDOUT_FILENO && e->fd != STDERR_FILENO)
-                        close(e->fd);
-
-                    e->fp = stderr;
-                    e->fd = STDERR_FILENO;
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                if (setvbuf(e->fp, NULL, _IOLBF, 0) != 0)
-                    netdata_log_error("Cannot set line buffering on fd %d ('%s')", e->fd, e->filename);
-            }
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-static void nd_log_stdin_init(int fd, const char *filename) {
-    int f = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0664);
-    if(f == -1)
-        return;
-
-    if(f != fd) {
-        dup2(f, fd);
-        close(f);
-    }
-}
-
-void nd_log_initialize(void) {
-    nd_log_stdin_init(STDIN_FILENO, "/dev/null");
-
-    for(size_t i = 0 ; i < _NDLS_MAX ; i++)
-        nd_log_open(&nd_log.sources[i], i);
-}
-
-void nd_log_reopen_log_files(void) {
-    netdata_log_info("Reopening all log files.");
-
-    nd_log.std_output.initialized = false;
-    nd_log.std_error.initialized = false;
-    nd_log_initialize();
-
-    netdata_log_info("Log files re-opened.");
-}
-
-void chown_open_file(int fd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
-    if(fd == -1) return;
-
-    struct stat buf;
-
-    if(fstat(fd, &buf) == -1) {
-        netdata_log_error("Cannot fstat() fd %d", fd);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if((buf.st_uid != uid || buf.st_gid != gid) && S_ISREG(buf.st_mode)) {
-        if(fchown(fd, uid, gid) == -1)
-            netdata_log_error("Cannot fchown() fd %d.", fd);
-    }
-}
-
-void nd_log_chown_log_files(uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
-    for(size_t i = 0 ; i < _NDLS_MAX ; i++) {
-        if(nd_log.sources[i].fd != -1 && nd_log.sources[i].fd != STDIN_FILENO)
-            chown_open_file(nd_log.sources[i].fd, uid, gid);
-    }
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// annotators
-struct log_field;
-static void errno_annotator(BUFFER *wb, const char *key, struct log_field *lf);
-static void priority_annotator(BUFFER *wb, const char *key, struct log_field *lf);
-static void timestamp_usec_annotator(BUFFER *wb, const char *key, struct log_field *lf);
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-typedef void (*annotator_t)(BUFFER *wb, const char *key, struct log_field *lf);
-
-struct log_field {
-    const char *journal;
-    const char *logfmt;
-    annotator_t logfmt_annotator;
-    struct log_stack_entry entry;
-};
-
-#define THREAD_LOG_STACK_MAX 50
-
-static __thread struct log_stack_entry *thread_log_stack_base[THREAD_LOG_STACK_MAX];
-static __thread size_t thread_log_stack_next = 0;
-
-static __thread struct log_field thread_log_fields[_NDF_MAX] = {
-        // THE ORDER DEFINES THE ORDER FIELDS WILL APPEAR IN logfmt
-
-        [NDF_STOP] = { // processing will not stop on this - so it is ok to be first
-                .journal = NULL,
-                .logfmt = NULL,
-                .logfmt_annotator = NULL,
-        },
-        [NDF_TIMESTAMP_REALTIME_USEC] = {
-                .journal = NULL,
-                .logfmt = "time",
-                .logfmt_annotator = timestamp_usec_annotator,
-        },
-        [NDF_SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER] = {
-                .journal = "SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER", // standard journald field
-                .logfmt = "comm",
-        },
-        [NDF_LOG_SOURCE] = {
-                .journal = "ND_LOG_SOURCE",
-                .logfmt = "source",
-        },
-        [NDF_PRIORITY] = {
-                .journal = "PRIORITY", // standard journald field
-                .logfmt = "level",
-                .logfmt_annotator = priority_annotator,
-        },
-        [NDF_ERRNO] = {
-                .journal = "ERRNO", // standard journald field
-                .logfmt = "errno",
-                .logfmt_annotator = errno_annotator,
-        },
-        [NDF_INVOCATION_ID] = {
-                .journal = "INVOCATION_ID", // standard journald field
-                .logfmt = NULL,
-        },
-        [NDF_LINE] = {
-                .journal = "CODE_LINE", // standard journald field
-                .logfmt = NULL,
-        },
-        [NDF_FILE] = {
-                .journal = "CODE_FILE", // standard journald field
-                .logfmt = NULL,
-        },
-        [NDF_FUNC] = {
-                .journal = "CODE_FUNC", // standard journald field
-                .logfmt = NULL,
-        },
-        [NDF_TID] = {
-                .journal = "TID", // standard journald field
-                .logfmt = "tid",
-        },
-        [NDF_THREAD_TAG] = {
-                .journal = "THREAD_TAG",
-                .logfmt = "thread",
-        },
-        [NDF_MESSAGE_ID] = {
-                .journal = "MESSAGE_ID",
-                .logfmt = "msg_id",
-        },
-        [NDF_MODULE] = {
-                .journal = "ND_MODULE",
-                .logfmt = "module",
-        },
-        [NDF_NIDL_NODE] = {
-                .journal = "ND_NIDL_NODE",
-                .logfmt = "node",
-        },
-        [NDF_NIDL_INSTANCE] = {
-                .journal = "ND_NIDL_INSTANCE",
-                .logfmt = "instance",
-        },
-        [NDF_NIDL_CONTEXT] = {
-                .journal = "ND_NIDL_CONTEXT",
-                .logfmt = "context",
-        },
-        [NDF_NIDL_DIMENSION] = {
-                .journal = "ND_NIDL_DIMENSION",
-                .logfmt = "dimension",
-        },
-        [NDF_SRC_TRANSPORT] = {
-                .journal = "ND_SRC_TRANSPORT",
-                .logfmt = "src_transport",
-        },
-        [NDF_SRC_IP] = {
-                .journal = "ND_SRC_IP",
-                .logfmt = "src_ip",
-        },
-        [NDF_SRC_PORT] = {
-                .journal = "ND_SRC_PORT",
-                .logfmt = "src_port",
-        },
-        [NDF_SRC_CAPABILITIES] = {
-                .journal = "ND_SRC_CAPABILITIES",
-                .logfmt = "src_capabilities",
-        },
-        [NDF_DST_TRANSPORT] = {
-                .journal = "ND_DST_TRANSPORT",
-                .logfmt = "dst_transport",
-        },
-        [NDF_DST_IP] = {
-                .journal = "ND_DST_IP",
-                .logfmt = "dst_ip",
-        },
-        [NDF_DST_PORT] = {
-                .journal = "ND_DST_PORT",
-                .logfmt = "dst_port",
-        },
-        [NDF_DST_CAPABILITIES] = {
-                .journal = "ND_DST_CAPABILITIES",
-                .logfmt = "dst_capabilities",
-        },
-        [NDF_REQUEST_METHOD] = {
-                .journal = "ND_REQUEST_METHOD",
-                .logfmt = "req_method",
-        },
-        [NDF_RESPONSE_CODE] = {
-                .journal = "ND_RESPONSE_CODE",
-                .logfmt = "code",
-        },
-        [NDF_CONNECTION_ID] = {
-                .journal = "ND_CONNECTION_ID",
-                .logfmt = "conn",
-        },
-        [NDF_TRANSACTION_ID] = {
-                .journal = "ND_TRANSACTION_ID",
-                .logfmt = "transaction",
-        },
-        [NDF_RESPONSE_SENT_BYTES] = {
-                .journal = "ND_RESPONSE_SENT_BYTES",
-                .logfmt = "sent_bytes",
-        },
-        [NDF_RESPONSE_SIZE_BYTES] = {
-                .journal = "ND_RESPONSE_SIZE_BYTES",
-                .logfmt = "size_bytes",
-        },
-        [NDF_RESPONSE_PREPARATION_TIME_USEC] = {
-                .journal = "ND_RESPONSE_PREP_TIME_USEC",
-                .logfmt = "prep_ut",
-        },
-        [NDF_RESPONSE_SENT_TIME_USEC] = {
-                .journal = "ND_RESPONSE_SENT_TIME_USEC",
-                .logfmt = "sent_ut",
-        },
-        [NDF_RESPONSE_TOTAL_TIME_USEC] = {
-                .journal = "ND_RESPONSE_TOTAL_TIME_USEC",
-                .logfmt = "total_ut",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_ID] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_ID",
-                .logfmt = "alert_id",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_UNIQUE_ID] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_UNIQUE_ID",
-                .logfmt = "alert_unique_id",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_TRANSITION_ID] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_TRANSITION_ID",
-                .logfmt = "alert_transition_id",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_EVENT_ID] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_EVENT_ID",
-                .logfmt = "alert_event_id",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_CONFIG_HASH] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_CONFIG",
-                .logfmt = "alert_config",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_NAME] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_NAME",
-                .logfmt = "alert",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_CLASS] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_CLASS",
-                .logfmt = "alert_class",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_COMPONENT] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_COMPONENT",
-                .logfmt = "alert_component",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_TYPE] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_TYPE",
-                .logfmt = "alert_type",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_EXEC] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_EXEC",
-                .logfmt = "alert_exec",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_RECIPIENT] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_RECIPIENT",
-                .logfmt = "alert_recipient",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_VALUE] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_VALUE",
-                .logfmt = "alert_value",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_VALUE_OLD] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_VALUE_OLD",
-                .logfmt = "alert_value_old",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_STATUS] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_STATUS",
-                .logfmt = "alert_status",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_STATUS_OLD] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_STATUS_OLD",
-                .logfmt = "alert_value_old",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_UNITS] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_UNITS",
-                .logfmt = "alert_units",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_SUMMARY] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_SUMMARY",
-                .logfmt = "alert_summary",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_INFO] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_INFO",
-                .logfmt = "alert_info",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_DURATION] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_DURATION",
-                .logfmt = "alert_duration",
-        },
-        [NDF_ALERT_NOTIFICATION_REALTIME_USEC] = {
-                .journal = "ND_ALERT_NOTIFICATION_TIMESTAMP_USEC",
-                .logfmt = "alert_notification_timestamp",
-                .logfmt_annotator = timestamp_usec_annotator,
-        },
-
-        // put new items here
-        // leave the request URL and the message last
-
-        [NDF_REQUEST] = {
-                .journal = "ND_REQUEST",
-                .logfmt = "request",
-        },
-        [NDF_MESSAGE] = {
-                .journal = "MESSAGE",
-                .logfmt = "msg",
-        },
-};
-
-#define THREAD_FIELDS_MAX (sizeof(thread_log_fields) / sizeof(thread_log_fields[0]))
-
-ND_LOG_FIELD_ID nd_log_field_id_by_name(const char *field, size_t len) {
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < THREAD_FIELDS_MAX ;i++) {
-        if(thread_log_fields[i].journal && strlen(thread_log_fields[i].journal) == len && strncmp(field, thread_log_fields[i].journal, len) == 0)
-            return i;
-    }
-
-    return NDF_STOP;
-}
-
-void log_stack_pop(void *ptr) {
-    if(!ptr) return;
-
-    struct log_stack_entry *lgs = *(struct log_stack_entry (*)[])ptr;
-
-    if(unlikely(!thread_log_stack_next || lgs != thread_log_stack_base[thread_log_stack_next - 1])) {
-        fatal("You cannot pop in the middle of the stack, or an item not in the stack");
-        return;
-    }
-
-    thread_log_stack_next--;
-}
-
-void log_stack_push(struct log_stack_entry *lgs) {
-    if(!lgs || thread_log_stack_next >= THREAD_LOG_STACK_MAX) return;
-    thread_log_stack_base[thread_log_stack_next++] = lgs;
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// json formatter
-
-static void nd_logger_json(BUFFER *wb, struct log_field *fields, size_t fields_max) {
-
-    //  --- FIELD_PARSER_VERSIONS ---
-    //
-    // IMPORTANT:
-    // THERE ARE 6 VERSIONS OF THIS CODE
-    //
-    // 1. journal (direct socket API),
-    // 2. journal (libsystemd API),
-    // 3. logfmt,
-    // 4. json,
-    // 5. convert to uint64
-    // 6. convert to int64
-    //
-    // UPDATE ALL OF THEM FOR NEW FEATURES OR FIXES
-
-    buffer_json_initialize(wb, "\"", "\"", 0, true, BUFFER_JSON_OPTIONS_MINIFY);
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *tmp = NULL;
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < fields_max; i++) {
-        if (!fields[i].entry.set || !fields[i].logfmt)
-            continue;
-
-        const char *key = fields[i].logfmt;
-
-        const char *s = NULL;
-        switch(fields[i].entry.type) {
-            case NDFT_TXT:
-                s = fields[i].entry.txt;
-                break;
-            case NDFT_STR:
-                s = string2str(fields[i].entry.str);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_BFR:
-                s = buffer_tostring(fields[i].entry.bfr);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_U64:
-                buffer_json_member_add_uint64(wb, key, fields[i].entry.u64);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_I64:
-                buffer_json_member_add_int64(wb, key, fields[i].entry.i64);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_DBL:
-                buffer_json_member_add_double(wb, key, fields[i].entry.dbl);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_UUID:{
-                char u[UUID_COMPACT_STR_LEN];
-                uuid_unparse_lower_compact(*fields[i].entry.uuid, u);
-                buffer_json_member_add_string(wb, key, u);
-            }
-                break;
-            case NDFT_CALLBACK: {
-                if(!tmp)
-                    tmp = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-                else
-                    buffer_flush(tmp);
-                if(fields[i].entry.cb.formatter(tmp, fields[i].entry.cb.formatter_data))
-                    s = buffer_tostring(tmp);
-                else
-                    s = NULL;
-            }
-                break;
-            default:
-                s = "UNHANDLED";
-                break;
-        }
-
-        if(s && *s)
-            buffer_json_member_add_string(wb, key, s);
-    }
-
-    buffer_json_finalize(wb);
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// logfmt formatter
-
-
-static int64_t log_field_to_int64(struct log_field *lf) {
-
-    //  --- FIELD_PARSER_VERSIONS ---
-    //
-    // IMPORTANT:
-    // THERE ARE 6 VERSIONS OF THIS CODE
-    //
-    // 1. journal (direct socket API),
-    // 2. journal (libsystemd API),
-    // 3. logfmt,
-    // 4. json,
-    // 5. convert to uint64
-    // 6. convert to int64
-    //
-    // UPDATE ALL OF THEM FOR NEW FEATURES OR FIXES
-
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *tmp = NULL;
-    const char *s = NULL;
-
-    switch(lf->entry.type) {
-        case NDFT_UUID:
-        case NDFT_UNSET:
-            return 0;
-
-        case NDFT_TXT:
-            s = lf->entry.txt;
-            break;
-
-        case NDFT_STR:
-            s = string2str(lf->entry.str);
-            break;
-
-        case NDFT_BFR:
-            s = buffer_tostring(lf->entry.bfr);
-            break;
-
-        case NDFT_CALLBACK:
-            if(!tmp)
-                tmp = buffer_create(0, NULL);
-            else
-                buffer_flush(tmp);
-
-            if(lf->entry.cb.formatter(tmp, lf->entry.cb.formatter_data))
-                s = buffer_tostring(tmp);
-            else
-                s = NULL;
-            break;
-
-        case NDFT_U64:
-            return lf->entry.u64;
-
-        case NDFT_I64:
-            return lf->entry.i64;
-
-        case NDFT_DBL:
-            return lf->entry.dbl;
-    }
-
-    if(s && *s)
-        return str2ll(s, NULL);
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static uint64_t log_field_to_uint64(struct log_field *lf) {
-
-    //  --- FIELD_PARSER_VERSIONS ---
-    //
-    // IMPORTANT:
-    // THERE ARE 6 VERSIONS OF THIS CODE
-    //
-    // 1. journal (direct socket API),
-    // 2. journal (libsystemd API),
-    // 3. logfmt,
-    // 4. json,
-    // 5. convert to uint64
-    // 6. convert to int64
-    //
-    // UPDATE ALL OF THEM FOR NEW FEATURES OR FIXES
-
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *tmp = NULL;
-    const char *s = NULL;
-
-    switch(lf->entry.type) {
-        case NDFT_UUID:
-        case NDFT_UNSET:
-            return 0;
-
-        case NDFT_TXT:
-            s = lf->entry.txt;
-            break;
-
-        case NDFT_STR:
-            s = string2str(lf->entry.str);
-            break;
-
-        case NDFT_BFR:
-            s = buffer_tostring(lf->entry.bfr);
-            break;
-
-        case NDFT_CALLBACK:
-            if(!tmp)
-                tmp = buffer_create(0, NULL);
-            else
-                buffer_flush(tmp);
-
-            if(lf->entry.cb.formatter(tmp, lf->entry.cb.formatter_data))
-                s = buffer_tostring(tmp);
-            else
-                s = NULL;
-            break;
-
-        case NDFT_U64:
-            return lf->entry.u64;
-
-        case NDFT_I64:
-            return lf->entry.i64;
-
-        case NDFT_DBL:
-            return lf->entry.dbl;
-    }
-
-    if(s && *s)
-        return str2uint64_t(s, NULL);
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static void timestamp_usec_annotator(BUFFER *wb, const char *key, struct log_field *lf) {
-    usec_t ut = log_field_to_uint64(lf);
-
-    if(!ut)
-        return;
-
-    char datetime[RFC3339_MAX_LENGTH];
-    rfc3339_datetime_ut(datetime, sizeof(datetime), ut, 3, false);
-
-    if(buffer_strlen(wb))
-        buffer_fast_strcat(wb, " ", 1);
-
-    buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-    buffer_json_strcat(wb, datetime);
-}
-
-static void errno_annotator(BUFFER *wb, const char *key, struct log_field *lf) {
-    int64_t errnum = log_field_to_int64(lf);
-
-    if(errnum == 0)
-        return;
-
-    char buf[1024];
-    const char *s = errno2str(errnum, buf, sizeof(buf));
-
-    if(buffer_strlen(wb))
-        buffer_fast_strcat(wb, " ", 1);
-
-    buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=\"", 2);
-    buffer_print_int64(wb, errnum);
-    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, ", ", 2);
-    buffer_json_strcat(wb, s);
-    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "\"", 1);
-}
-
-static void priority_annotator(BUFFER *wb, const char *key, struct log_field *lf) {
-    uint64_t pri = log_field_to_uint64(lf);
-
-    if(buffer_strlen(wb))
-        buffer_fast_strcat(wb, " ", 1);
-
-    buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-    buffer_strcat(wb, nd_log_id2priority(pri));
-}
-
-static bool needs_quotes_for_logfmt(const char *s) {
-    static bool safe_for_logfmt[256] = {
-            [' '] =  true, ['!'] =  true, ['"'] =  false, ['#'] =  true, ['$'] =  true, ['%'] =  true, ['&'] =  true,
-            ['\''] = true, ['('] =  true, [')'] =  true, ['*'] =  true, ['+'] =  true, [','] =  true, ['-'] =  true,
-            ['.'] =  true, ['/'] =  true, ['0'] =  true, ['1'] =  true, ['2'] =  true, ['3'] =  true, ['4'] =  true,
-            ['5'] =  true, ['6'] =  true, ['7'] =  true, ['8'] =  true, ['9'] =  true, [':'] =  true, [';'] =  true,
-            ['<'] =  true, ['='] =  true, ['>'] =  true, ['?'] =  true, ['@'] =  true, ['A'] =  true, ['B'] =  true,
-            ['C'] =  true, ['D'] =  true, ['E'] =  true, ['F'] =  true, ['G'] =  true, ['H'] =  true, ['I'] =  true,
-            ['J'] =  true, ['K'] =  true, ['L'] =  true, ['M'] =  true, ['N'] =  true, ['O'] =  true, ['P'] =  true,
-            ['Q'] =  true, ['R'] =  true, ['S'] =  true, ['T'] =  true, ['U'] =  true, ['V'] =  true, ['W'] =  true,
-            ['X'] =  true, ['Y'] =  true, ['Z'] =  true, ['['] =  true, ['\\'] = false, [']'] =  true, ['^'] =  true,
-            ['_'] =  true, ['`'] =  true, ['a'] =  true, ['b'] =  true, ['c'] =  true, ['d'] =  true, ['e'] =  true,
-            ['f'] =  true, ['g'] =  true, ['h'] =  true, ['i'] =  true, ['j'] =  true, ['k'] =  true, ['l'] =  true,
-            ['m'] =  true, ['n'] =  true, ['o'] =  true, ['p'] =  true, ['q'] =  true, ['r'] =  true, ['s'] =  true,
-            ['t'] =  true, ['u'] =  true, ['v'] =  true, ['w'] =  true, ['x'] =  true, ['y'] =  true, ['z'] =  true,
-            ['{'] =  true, ['|'] =  true, ['}'] =  true, ['~'] =  true, [0x7f] = true,
-    };
-
-    if(!*s)
-        return true;
-
-    while(*s) {
-        if(*s == '=' || isspace(*s) || !safe_for_logfmt[(uint8_t)*s])
-            return true;
-
-        s++;
-    }
-
-    return false;
-}
-
-static void string_to_logfmt(BUFFER *wb, const char *s) {
-    bool spaces = needs_quotes_for_logfmt(s);
-
-    if(spaces)
-        buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "\"", 1);
-
-    buffer_json_strcat(wb, s);
-
-    if(spaces)
-        buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "\"", 1);
-}
-
-static void nd_logger_logfmt(BUFFER *wb, struct log_field *fields, size_t fields_max) {
-
-    //  --- FIELD_PARSER_VERSIONS ---
-    //
-    // IMPORTANT:
-    // THERE ARE 6 VERSIONS OF THIS CODE
-    //
-    // 1. journal (direct socket API),
-    // 2. journal (libsystemd API),
-    // 3. logfmt,
-    // 4. json,
-    // 5. convert to uint64
-    // 6. convert to int64
-    //
-    // UPDATE ALL OF THEM FOR NEW FEATURES OR FIXES
-
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *tmp = NULL;
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < fields_max; i++) {
-        if (!fields[i].entry.set || !fields[i].logfmt)
-            continue;
-
-        const char *key = fields[i].logfmt;
-
-        if(fields[i].logfmt_annotator)
-            fields[i].logfmt_annotator(wb, key, &fields[i]);
-        else {
-            if(buffer_strlen(wb))
-                buffer_fast_strcat(wb, " ", 1);
-
-            switch(fields[i].entry.type) {
-                case NDFT_TXT:
-                    if(*fields[i].entry.txt) {
-                        buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                        buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-                        string_to_logfmt(wb, fields[i].entry.txt);
-                    }
-                    break;
-                case NDFT_STR:
-                    buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-                    string_to_logfmt(wb, string2str(fields[i].entry.str));
-                    break;
-                case NDFT_BFR:
-                    if(buffer_strlen(fields[i].entry.bfr)) {
-                        buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                        buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-                        string_to_logfmt(wb, buffer_tostring(fields[i].entry.bfr));
-                    }
-                    break;
-                case NDFT_U64:
-                    buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-                    buffer_print_uint64(wb, fields[i].entry.u64);
-                    break;
-                case NDFT_I64:
-                    buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-                    buffer_print_int64(wb, fields[i].entry.i64);
-                    break;
-                case NDFT_DBL:
-                    buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-                    buffer_print_netdata_double(wb, fields[i].entry.dbl);
-                    break;
-                case NDFT_UUID: {
-                    char u[UUID_COMPACT_STR_LEN];
-                    uuid_unparse_lower_compact(*fields[i].entry.uuid, u);
-                    buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-                    buffer_fast_strcat(wb, u, sizeof(u) - 1);
-                }
-                    break;
-                case NDFT_CALLBACK: {
-                    if(!tmp)
-                        tmp = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-                    else
-                        buffer_flush(tmp);
-                    if(fields[i].entry.cb.formatter(tmp, fields[i].entry.cb.formatter_data)) {
-                        buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                        buffer_fast_strcat(wb, "=", 1);
-                        string_to_logfmt(wb, buffer_tostring(tmp));
-                    }
-                }
-                    break;
-                default:
-                    buffer_strcat(wb, "UNHANDLED");
-                    break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// journal logger
-
-bool nd_log_journal_socket_available(void) {
-    if(netdata_configured_host_prefix && *netdata_configured_host_prefix) {
-        char filename[FILENAME_MAX + 1];
-
-        snprintfz(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s%s",
-                  netdata_configured_host_prefix, "/run/systemd/journal/socket");
-
-        if(is_path_unix_socket(filename))
-            return true;
-    }
-
-    return is_path_unix_socket("/run/systemd/journal/socket");
-}
-
-static bool nd_logger_journal_libsystemd(struct log_field *fields, size_t fields_max) {
-#ifdef HAVE_SYSTEMD
-
-    //  --- FIELD_PARSER_VERSIONS ---
-    //
-    // IMPORTANT:
-    // THERE ARE 6 VERSIONS OF THIS CODE
-    //
-    // 1. journal (direct socket API),
-    // 2. journal (libsystemd API),
-    // 3. logfmt,
-    // 4. json,
-    // 5. convert to uint64
-    // 6. convert to int64
-    //
-    // UPDATE ALL OF THEM FOR NEW FEATURES OR FIXES
-
-    struct iovec iov[fields_max];
-    int iov_count = 0;
-
-    memset(iov, 0, sizeof(iov));
-
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *tmp = NULL;
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < fields_max; i++) {
-        if (!fields[i].entry.set || !fields[i].journal)
-            continue;
-
-        const char *key = fields[i].journal;
-        char *value = NULL;
-        switch (fields[i].entry.type) {
-            case NDFT_TXT:
-                if(*fields[i].entry.txt)
-                    asprintf(&value, "%s=%s", key, fields[i].entry.txt);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_STR:
-                asprintf(&value, "%s=%s", key, string2str(fields[i].entry.str));
-                break;
-            case NDFT_BFR:
-                if(buffer_strlen(fields[i].entry.bfr))
-                    asprintf(&value, "%s=%s", key, buffer_tostring(fields[i].entry.bfr));
-                break;
-            case NDFT_U64:
-                asprintf(&value, "%s=%" PRIu64, key, fields[i].entry.u64);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_I64:
-                asprintf(&value, "%s=%" PRId64, key, fields[i].entry.i64);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_DBL:
-                asprintf(&value, "%s=%f", key, fields[i].entry.dbl);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_UUID: {
-                char u[UUID_COMPACT_STR_LEN];
-                uuid_unparse_lower_compact(*fields[i].entry.uuid, u);
-                asprintf(&value, "%s=%s", key, u);
-            }
-                break;
-            case NDFT_CALLBACK: {
-                if(!tmp)
-                    tmp = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-                else
-                    buffer_flush(tmp);
-                if(fields[i].entry.cb.formatter(tmp, fields[i].entry.cb.formatter_data))
-                    asprintf(&value, "%s=%s", key, buffer_tostring(tmp));
-            }
-                break;
-            default:
-                asprintf(&value, "%s=%s", key, "UNHANDLED");
-                break;
-        }
-
-        if (value) {
-            iov[iov_count].iov_base = value;
-            iov[iov_count].iov_len = strlen(value);
-            iov_count++;
-        }
-    }
-
-    int r = sd_journal_sendv(iov, iov_count);
-
-    // Clean up allocated memory
-    for (int i = 0; i < iov_count; i++) {
-        if (iov[i].iov_base != NULL) {
-            free(iov[i].iov_base);
-        }
-    }
-
-    return r == 0;
-#else
-    return false;
-#endif
-}
-
-static bool nd_logger_journal_direct(struct log_field *fields, size_t fields_max) {
-    if(!nd_log.journal_direct.initialized)
-        return false;
-
-    //  --- FIELD_PARSER_VERSIONS ---
-    //
-    // IMPORTANT:
-    // THERE ARE 6 VERSIONS OF THIS CODE
-    //
-    // 1. journal (direct socket API),
-    // 2. journal (libsystemd API),
-    // 3. logfmt,
-    // 4. json,
-    // 5. convert to uint64
-    // 6. convert to int64
-    //
-    // UPDATE ALL OF THEM FOR NEW FEATURES OR FIXES
-
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *wb = buffer_create(4096, NULL);
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *tmp = NULL;
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < fields_max; i++) {
-        if (!fields[i].entry.set || !fields[i].journal)
-            continue;
-
-        const char *key = fields[i].journal;
-
-        const char *s = NULL;
-        switch(fields[i].entry.type) {
-            case NDFT_TXT:
-                s = fields[i].entry.txt;
-                break;
-            case NDFT_STR:
-                s = string2str(fields[i].entry.str);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_BFR:
-                s = buffer_tostring(fields[i].entry.bfr);
-                break;
-            case NDFT_U64:
-                buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '=');
-                buffer_print_uint64(wb, fields[i].entry.u64);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-                break;
-            case NDFT_I64:
-                buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '=');
-                buffer_print_int64(wb, fields[i].entry.i64);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-                break;
-            case NDFT_DBL:
-                buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '=');
-                buffer_print_netdata_double(wb, fields[i].entry.dbl);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-                break;
-            case NDFT_UUID:{
-                char u[UUID_COMPACT_STR_LEN];
-                uuid_unparse_lower_compact(*fields[i].entry.uuid, u);
-                buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '=');
-                buffer_fast_strcat(wb, u, sizeof(u) - 1);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-            }
-                break;
-            case NDFT_CALLBACK: {
-                if(!tmp)
-                    tmp = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-                else
-                    buffer_flush(tmp);
-                if(fields[i].entry.cb.formatter(tmp, fields[i].entry.cb.formatter_data))
-                    s = buffer_tostring(tmp);
-                else
-                    s = NULL;
-            }
-                break;
-            default:
-                s = "UNHANDLED";
-                break;
-        }
-
-        if(s && *s) {
-            buffer_strcat(wb, key);
-            if(!strchr(s, '\n')) {
-                buffer_putc(wb, '=');
-                buffer_strcat(wb, s);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-            }
-            else {
-                buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-                size_t size = strlen(s);
-                uint64_t le_size = htole64(size);
-                buffer_memcat(wb, &le_size, sizeof(le_size));
-                buffer_memcat(wb, s, size);
-                buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return journal_direct_send(nd_log.journal_direct.fd, buffer_tostring(wb), buffer_strlen(wb));
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// syslog logger - uses logfmt
-
-static bool nd_logger_syslog(int priority, ND_LOG_FORMAT format, struct log_field *fields, size_t fields_max) {
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *wb = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-
-    nd_logger_logfmt(wb, fields, fields_max);
-    syslog(priority, "%s", buffer_tostring(wb));
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// file logger - uses logfmt
-
-static bool nd_logger_file(FILE *fp, ND_LOG_FORMAT format, struct log_field *fields, size_t fields_max) {
-    BUFFER *wb = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-
-    if(format == NDLF_JSON)
-        nd_logger_json(wb, fields, fields_max);
-    else
-        nd_logger_logfmt(wb, fields, fields_max);
-
-    int r = fprintf(fp, "%s\n", buffer_tostring(wb));
-    fflush(fp);
-
-    buffer_free(wb);
-    return r > 0;
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// logger router
-
-static ND_LOG_METHOD nd_logger_select_output(ND_LOG_SOURCES source, FILE **fpp, SPINLOCK **spinlock) {
-    *spinlock = NULL;
-    ND_LOG_METHOD output = nd_log.sources[source].method;
-
-    switch(output) {
-        case NDLM_JOURNAL:
-            if(unlikely(!nd_log.journal_direct.initialized && !nd_log.journal.initialized)) {
-                output = NDLM_FILE;
-                *fpp = stderr;
-                *spinlock = &nd_log.std_error.spinlock;
-            }
-            else {
-                *fpp = NULL;
-                *spinlock = NULL;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_SYSLOG:
-            if(unlikely(!nd_log.syslog.initialized)) {
-                output = NDLM_FILE;
-                *spinlock = &nd_log.std_error.spinlock;
-                *fpp = stderr;
-            }
-            else {
-                *spinlock = NULL;
-                *fpp = NULL;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_FILE:
-            if(!nd_log.sources[source].fp) {
-                *fpp = stderr;
-                *spinlock = &nd_log.std_error.spinlock;
-            }
-            else {
-                *fpp = nd_log.sources[source].fp;
-                *spinlock = &nd_log.sources[source].spinlock;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_STDOUT:
-            output = NDLM_FILE;
-            *fpp = stdout;
-            *spinlock = &nd_log.std_output.spinlock;
-            break;
-
-        default:
-        case NDLM_DEFAULT:
-        case NDLM_STDERR:
-            output = NDLM_FILE;
-            *fpp = stderr;
-            *spinlock = &nd_log.std_error.spinlock;
-            break;
-
-        case NDLM_DISABLED:
-        case NDLM_DEVNULL:
-            output = NDLM_DISABLED;
-            *fpp = NULL;
-            *spinlock = NULL;
-            break;
-    }
-
-    return output;
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// high level logger
-
-static void nd_logger_log_fields(SPINLOCK *spinlock, FILE *fp, bool limit, ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority,
-                                 ND_LOG_METHOD output, struct nd_log_source *source,
-                                 struct log_field *fields, size_t fields_max) {
-    if(spinlock)
-        spinlock_lock(spinlock);
-
-    // check the limits
-    if(limit && nd_log_limit_reached(source))
-        goto cleanup;
-
-    if(output == NDLM_JOURNAL) {
-        if(!nd_logger_journal_direct(fields, fields_max) && !nd_logger_journal_libsystemd(fields, fields_max)) {
-            // we can't log to journal, let's log to stderr
-            if(spinlock)
-                spinlock_unlock(spinlock);
-
-            output = NDLM_FILE;
-            spinlock = &nd_log.std_error.spinlock;
-            fp = stderr;
-
-            if(spinlock)
-                spinlock_lock(spinlock);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if(output == NDLM_SYSLOG)
-        nd_logger_syslog(priority, source->format, fields, fields_max);
-
-    if(output == NDLM_FILE)
-        nd_logger_file(fp, source->format, fields, fields_max);
-
-
-cleanup:
-    if(spinlock)
-        spinlock_unlock(spinlock);
-}
-
-static void nd_logger_unset_all_thread_fields(void) {
-    size_t fields_max = THREAD_FIELDS_MAX;
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < fields_max ; i++)
-        thread_log_fields[i].entry.set = false;
-}
-
-static void nd_logger_merge_log_stack_to_thread_fields(void) {
-    for(size_t c = 0; c < thread_log_stack_next ;c++) {
-        struct log_stack_entry *lgs = thread_log_stack_base[c];
-
-        for(size_t i = 0; lgs[i].id != NDF_STOP ; i++) {
-            if(lgs[i].id >= _NDF_MAX || !lgs[i].set)
-                continue;
-
-            struct log_stack_entry *e = &lgs[i];
-            ND_LOG_STACK_FIELD_TYPE type = lgs[i].type;
-
-            // do not add empty / unset fields
-            if((type == NDFT_TXT && (!e->txt || !*e->txt)) ||
-                (type == NDFT_BFR && (!e->bfr || !buffer_strlen(e->bfr))) ||
-                (type == NDFT_STR && !e->str) ||
-                (type == NDFT_UUID && !e->uuid) ||
-                (type == NDFT_CALLBACK && !e->cb.formatter) ||
-                type == NDFT_UNSET)
-                continue;
-
-            thread_log_fields[lgs[i].id].entry = *e;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static void nd_logger(const char *file, const char *function, const unsigned long line,
-               ND_LOG_SOURCES source, ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority, bool limit, int saved_errno,
-               const char *fmt, va_list ap) {
-
-    SPINLOCK *spinlock;
-    FILE *fp;
-    ND_LOG_METHOD output = nd_logger_select_output(source, &fp, &spinlock);
-    if(output != NDLM_FILE && output != NDLM_JOURNAL && output != NDLM_SYSLOG)
-        return;
-
-    // mark all fields as unset
-    nd_logger_unset_all_thread_fields();
-
-    // flatten the log stack into the fields
-    nd_logger_merge_log_stack_to_thread_fields();
-
-    // set the common fields that are automatically set by the logging subsystem
-
-    if(likely(!thread_log_fields[NDF_INVOCATION_ID].entry.set))
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_INVOCATION_ID].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_UUID(NDF_INVOCATION_ID, &nd_log.invocation_id);
-
-    if(likely(!thread_log_fields[NDF_LOG_SOURCE].entry.set))
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_LOG_SOURCE].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_LOG_SOURCE, nd_log_id2source(source));
-    else {
-        ND_LOG_SOURCES src = source;
-
-        if(thread_log_fields[NDF_LOG_SOURCE].entry.type == NDFT_TXT)
-            src = nd_log_source2id(thread_log_fields[NDF_LOG_SOURCE].entry.txt, source);
-        else if(thread_log_fields[NDF_LOG_SOURCE].entry.type == NDFT_U64)
-            src = thread_log_fields[NDF_LOG_SOURCE].entry.u64;
-
-        if(src != source && src >= 0 && src < _NDLS_MAX) {
-            source = src;
-            output = nd_logger_select_output(source, &fp, &spinlock);
-            if(output != NDLM_FILE && output != NDLM_JOURNAL && output != NDLM_SYSLOG)
-                return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if(likely(!thread_log_fields[NDF_SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER].entry.set))
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER, program_name);
-
-    if(likely(!thread_log_fields[NDF_LINE].entry.set)) {
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_LINE].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_U64(NDF_LINE, line);
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_FILE].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_FILE, file);
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_FUNC].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_FUNC, function);
-    }
-
-    if(likely(!thread_log_fields[NDF_PRIORITY].entry.set)) {
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_PRIORITY].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_U64(NDF_PRIORITY, priority);
-    }
-
-    if(likely(!thread_log_fields[NDF_TID].entry.set))
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_TID].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_U64(NDF_TID, gettid());
-
-    char os_threadname[NETDATA_THREAD_NAME_MAX + 1];
-    if(likely(!thread_log_fields[NDF_THREAD_TAG].entry.set)) {
-        const char *thread_tag = netdata_thread_tag();
-        if(!netdata_thread_tag_exists()) {
-            if (!netdata_thread_tag_exists()) {
-                os_thread_get_current_name_np(os_threadname);
-                if ('\0' != os_threadname[0])
-                    /* If it is not an empty string replace "MAIN" thread_tag */
-                    thread_tag = os_threadname;
-            }
-        }
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_THREAD_TAG].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_THREAD_TAG, thread_tag);
-
-        // TODO: fix the ND_MODULE in logging by setting proper module name in threads
-//        if(!thread_log_fields[NDF_MODULE].entry.set)
-//            thread_log_fields[NDF_MODULE].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_CB(NDF_MODULE, thread_tag_to_module, (void *)thread_tag);
-    }
-
-    if(likely(!thread_log_fields[NDF_TIMESTAMP_REALTIME_USEC].entry.set))
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_TIMESTAMP_REALTIME_USEC].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_U64(NDF_TIMESTAMP_REALTIME_USEC, now_realtime_usec());
-
-    if(saved_errno != 0 && !thread_log_fields[NDF_ERRNO].entry.set)
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_ERRNO].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_I64(NDF_ERRNO, saved_errno);
-
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *wb = NULL;
-    if(fmt && !thread_log_fields[NDF_MESSAGE].entry.set) {
-        wb = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-        buffer_vsprintf(wb, fmt, ap);
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_MESSAGE].entry = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_MESSAGE, buffer_tostring(wb));
-    }
-
-    nd_logger_log_fields(spinlock, fp, limit, priority, output, &nd_log.sources[source],
-                         thread_log_fields, THREAD_FIELDS_MAX);
-
-    if(nd_log.sources[source].pending_msg) {
-        // log a pending message
-
-        nd_logger_unset_all_thread_fields();
-
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_TIMESTAMP_REALTIME_USEC].entry = (struct log_stack_entry){
-                .set = true,
-                .type = NDFT_U64,
-                .u64 = now_realtime_usec(),
-        };
-
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_LOG_SOURCE].entry = (struct log_stack_entry){
-                .set = true,
-                .type = NDFT_TXT,
-                .txt = nd_log_id2source(source),
-        };
-
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER].entry = (struct log_stack_entry){
-                .set = true,
-                .type = NDFT_TXT,
-                .txt = program_name,
-        };
-
-        thread_log_fields[NDF_MESSAGE].entry = (struct log_stack_entry){
-                .set = true,
-                .type = NDFT_TXT,
-                .txt = nd_log.sources[source].pending_msg,
-        };
-
-        nd_logger_log_fields(spinlock, fp, false, priority, output,
-                             &nd_log.sources[source],
-                             thread_log_fields, THREAD_FIELDS_MAX);
-
-        freez((void *)nd_log.sources[source].pending_msg);
-        nd_log.sources[source].pending_msg = NULL;
-    }
-
-    errno = 0;
-}
-
-static ND_LOG_SOURCES nd_log_validate_source(ND_LOG_SOURCES source) {
-    if(source >= _NDLS_MAX)
-        source = NDLS_DAEMON;
-
-    if(overwrite_thread_source)
-        source = overwrite_thread_source;
-
-    if(nd_log.overwrite_process_source)
-        source = nd_log.overwrite_process_source;
-
-    return source;
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// public API for loggers
-
-void netdata_logger(ND_LOG_SOURCES source, ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority, const char *file, const char *function, unsigned long line, const char *fmt, ... ) {
-    int saved_errno = errno;
-    source = nd_log_validate_source(source);
-
-    if (source != NDLS_DEBUG && priority > nd_log.sources[source].min_priority)
-        return;
-
-    va_list args;
-    va_start(args, fmt);
-    nd_logger(file, function, line, source, priority,
-              source == NDLS_DAEMON || source == NDLS_COLLECTORS,
-              saved_errno, fmt, args);
-    va_end(args);
-}
-
-void netdata_logger_with_limit(ERROR_LIMIT *erl, ND_LOG_SOURCES source, ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority, const char *file __maybe_unused, const char *function __maybe_unused, const unsigned long line __maybe_unused, const char *fmt, ... ) {
-    int saved_errno = errno;
-    source = nd_log_validate_source(source);
-
-    if (source != NDLS_DEBUG && priority > nd_log.sources[source].min_priority)
-        return;
-
-    if(erl->sleep_ut)
-        sleep_usec(erl->sleep_ut);
-
-    spinlock_lock(&erl->spinlock);
-
-    erl->count++;
-    time_t now = now_boottime_sec();
-    if(now - erl->last_logged < erl->log_every) {
-        spinlock_unlock(&erl->spinlock);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    spinlock_unlock(&erl->spinlock);
-
-    va_list args;
-    va_start(args, fmt);
-    nd_logger(file, function, line, source, priority,
-            source == NDLS_DAEMON || source == NDLS_COLLECTORS,
-            saved_errno, fmt, args);
-    va_end(args);
-    erl->last_logged = now;
-    erl->count = 0;
-}
-
-void netdata_logger_fatal( const char *file, const char *function, const unsigned long line, const char *fmt, ... ) {
-    int saved_errno = errno;
-    ND_LOG_SOURCES source = NDLS_DAEMON;
-    source = nd_log_validate_source(source);
-
-    va_list args;
-    va_start(args, fmt);
-    nd_logger(file, function, line, source, NDLP_ALERT, true, saved_errno, fmt, args);
-    va_end(args);
-
-    char date[LOG_DATE_LENGTH];
-    log_date(date, LOG_DATE_LENGTH, now_realtime_sec());
-
-    char action_data[70+1];
-    snprintfz(action_data, 70, "%04lu@%-10.10s:%-15.15s/%d", line, file, function, saved_errno);
-    char action_result[60+1];
-
-    char os_threadname[NETDATA_THREAD_NAME_MAX + 1];
-    const char *thread_tag = netdata_thread_tag();
-    if(!netdata_thread_tag_exists()) {
-        if (!netdata_thread_tag_exists()) {
-            os_thread_get_current_name_np(os_threadname);
-            if ('\0' != os_threadname[0])
-                /* If it is not an empty string replace "MAIN" thread_tag */
-                thread_tag = os_threadname;
-        }
-    }
-    if(!thread_tag)
-        thread_tag = "UNKNOWN";
-
-    const char *tag_to_send =  thread_tag;
-
-    // anonymize thread names
-    if(strncmp(thread_tag, THREAD_TAG_STREAM_RECEIVER, strlen(THREAD_TAG_STREAM_RECEIVER)) == 0)
-        tag_to_send = THREAD_TAG_STREAM_RECEIVER;
-    if(strncmp(thread_tag, THREAD_TAG_STREAM_SENDER, strlen(THREAD_TAG_STREAM_SENDER)) == 0)
-        tag_to_send = THREAD_TAG_STREAM_SENDER;
-
-    snprintfz(action_result, 60, "%s:%s", program_name, tag_to_send);
-    send_statistics("FATAL", action_result, action_data);
-
-#ifdef HAVE_BACKTRACE
-    int fd = nd_log.sources[NDLS_DAEMON].fd;
-    if(fd == -1)
-        fd = STDERR_FILENO;
-
-    int nptrs;
-    void *buffer[10000];
-
-    nptrs = backtrace(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
-    if(nptrs)
-        backtrace_symbols_fd(buffer, nptrs, fd);
-#endif
-
-#ifdef NETDATA_INTERNAL_CHECKS
-    abort();
-#endif
-
-    netdata_cleanup_and_exit(1);
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// log limits
-
-void nd_log_limits_reset(void) {
-    usec_t now_ut = now_monotonic_usec();
-
-    spinlock_lock(&nd_log.std_output.spinlock);
-    spinlock_lock(&nd_log.std_error.spinlock);
-
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < _NDLS_MAX ;i++) {
-        spinlock_lock(&nd_log.sources[i].spinlock);
-        nd_log.sources[i].limits.prevented = 0;
-        nd_log.sources[i].limits.counter = 0;
-        nd_log.sources[i].limits.started_monotonic_ut = now_ut;
-        nd_log.sources[i].limits.logs_per_period = nd_log.sources[i].limits.logs_per_period_backup;
-        spinlock_unlock(&nd_log.sources[i].spinlock);
-    }
-
-    spinlock_unlock(&nd_log.std_output.spinlock);
-    spinlock_unlock(&nd_log.std_error.spinlock);
-}
-
-void nd_log_limits_unlimited(void) {
-    nd_log_limits_reset();
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < _NDLS_MAX ;i++) {
-        nd_log.sources[i].limits.logs_per_period = 0;
-    }
-}
-
-static bool nd_log_limit_reached(struct nd_log_source *source) {
-    if(source->limits.throttle_period == 0 || source->limits.logs_per_period == 0)
-        return false;
-
-    usec_t now_ut = now_monotonic_usec();
-    if(!source->limits.started_monotonic_ut)
-        source->limits.started_monotonic_ut = now_ut;
-
-    source->limits.counter++;
-
-    if(now_ut - source->limits.started_monotonic_ut > (usec_t)source->limits.throttle_period) {
-        if(source->limits.prevented) {
-            BUFFER *wb = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-            buffer_sprintf(wb,
-                           "LOG FLOOD PROTECTION: resuming logging "
-                           "(prevented %"PRIu32" logs in the last %"PRIu32" seconds).",
-                           source->limits.prevented,
-                           source->limits.throttle_period);
-
-            if(source->pending_msg)
-                freez((void *)source->pending_msg);
-
-            source->pending_msg = strdupz(buffer_tostring(wb));
-
-            buffer_free(wb);
-        }
-
-        // restart the period accounting
-        source->limits.started_monotonic_ut = now_ut;
-        source->limits.counter = 1;
-        source->limits.prevented = 0;
-
-        // log this error
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if(source->limits.counter > source->limits.logs_per_period) {
-        if(!source->limits.prevented) {
-            BUFFER *wb = buffer_create(1024, NULL);
-            buffer_sprintf(wb,
-                    "LOG FLOOD PROTECTION: too many logs (%"PRIu32" logs in %"PRId64" seconds, threshold is set to %"PRIu32" logs "
-                    "in %"PRIu32" seconds). Preventing more logs from process '%s' for %"PRId64" seconds.",
-                    source->limits.counter,
-                    (int64_t)((now_ut - source->limits.started_monotonic_ut) / USEC_PER_SEC),
-                    source->limits.logs_per_period,
-                    source->limits.throttle_period,
-                    program_name,
-                    (int64_t)((source->limits.started_monotonic_ut + (source->limits.throttle_period * USEC_PER_SEC) - now_ut)) / USEC_PER_SEC);
-
-            if(source->pending_msg)
-                freez((void *)source->pending_msg);
-
-            source->pending_msg = strdupz(buffer_tostring(wb));
-
-            buffer_free(wb);
-        }
-
-        source->limits.prevented++;
-
-        // prevent logging this error
-#ifdef NETDATA_INTERNAL_CHECKS
-        return false;
-#else
-        return true;
-#endif
-    }
-
-    return false;
-}
diff --git a/libnetdata/log/log.h b/libnetdata/log/log.h
deleted file mode 100644
index ad634693c..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/log.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,301 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#ifndef NETDATA_LOG_H
-#define NETDATA_LOG_H 1
-
-# ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-# endif
-
-#include "../libnetdata.h"
-
-#define ND_LOG_DEFAULT_THROTTLE_LOGS 1000
-#define ND_LOG_DEFAULT_THROTTLE_PERIOD 60
-
-typedef enum  __attribute__((__packed__)) {
-    NDLS_UNSET = 0,   // internal use only
-    NDLS_ACCESS,      // access.log
-    NDLS_ACLK,        // aclk.log
-    NDLS_COLLECTORS,  // collectors.log
-    NDLS_DAEMON,      // error.log
-    NDLS_HEALTH,      // health.log
-    NDLS_DEBUG,       // debug.log
-
-    // terminator
-    _NDLS_MAX,
-} ND_LOG_SOURCES;
-
-typedef enum __attribute__((__packed__)) {
-    NDLP_EMERG      = LOG_EMERG,
-    NDLP_ALERT      = LOG_ALERT,
-    NDLP_CRIT       = LOG_CRIT,
-    NDLP_ERR        = LOG_ERR,
-    NDLP_WARNING    = LOG_WARNING,
-    NDLP_NOTICE     = LOG_NOTICE,
-    NDLP_INFO       = LOG_INFO,
-    NDLP_DEBUG      = LOG_DEBUG,
-} ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY;
-
-typedef enum __attribute__((__packed__)) {
-    // KEEP THESE IN THE SAME ORDER AS in thread_log_fields (log.c)
-    // so that it easy to audit for missing fields
-
-    NDF_STOP = 0,
-    NDF_TIMESTAMP_REALTIME_USEC,                // the timestamp of the log message - added automatically
-    NDF_SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER,                      // the syslog identifier of the application - added automatically
-    NDF_LOG_SOURCE,                             // DAEMON, COLLECTORS, HEALTH, ACCESS, ACLK - set at the log call
-    NDF_PRIORITY,                               // the syslog priority (severity) - set at the log call
-    NDF_ERRNO,                                  // the ERRNO at the time of the log call - added automatically
-    NDF_INVOCATION_ID,                          // the INVOCATION_ID of Netdata - added automatically
-    NDF_LINE,                                   // the source code file line number - added automatically
-    NDF_FILE,                                   // the source code filename - added automatically
-    NDF_FUNC,                                   // the source code function - added automatically
-    NDF_TID,                                    // the thread ID of the thread logging - added automatically
-    NDF_THREAD_TAG,                             // the thread tag of the thread logging - added automatically
-    NDF_MESSAGE_ID,                             // for specific events
-    NDF_MODULE,                                 // for internal plugin module, all other get the NDF_THREAD_TAG
-
-    NDF_NIDL_NODE,                              // the node / rrdhost currently being worked
-    NDF_NIDL_INSTANCE,                          // the instance / rrdset currently being worked
-    NDF_NIDL_CONTEXT,                           // the context of the instance currently being worked
-    NDF_NIDL_DIMENSION,                         // the dimension / rrddim currently being worked
-
-    // web server, aclk and stream receiver
-    NDF_SRC_TRANSPORT,                          // the transport we received the request, one of: http, https, pluginsd
-
-    // web server and stream receiver
-    NDF_SRC_IP,                                 // the streaming / web server source IP
-    NDF_SRC_PORT,                               // the streaming / web server source Port
-    NDF_SRC_CAPABILITIES,                       // the stream receiver capabilities
-
-    // stream sender (established links)
-    NDF_DST_TRANSPORT,                          // the transport we send the request, one of: http, https
-    NDF_DST_IP,                                 // the destination streaming IP
-    NDF_DST_PORT,                               // the destination streaming Port
-    NDF_DST_CAPABILITIES,                       // the destination streaming capabilities
-
-    // web server, aclk and stream receiver
-    NDF_REQUEST_METHOD,                         // for http like requests, the http request method
-    NDF_RESPONSE_CODE,                          // for http like requests, the http response code, otherwise a status string
-
-    // web server (all), aclk (queries)
-    NDF_CONNECTION_ID,                          // the web server connection ID
-    NDF_TRANSACTION_ID,                         // the web server and API transaction ID
-    NDF_RESPONSE_SENT_BYTES,                    // for http like requests, the response bytes
-    NDF_RESPONSE_SIZE_BYTES,                    // for http like requests, the uncompressed response size
-    NDF_RESPONSE_PREPARATION_TIME_USEC,         // for http like requests, the preparation time
-    NDF_RESPONSE_SENT_TIME_USEC,                // for http like requests, the time to send the response back
-    NDF_RESPONSE_TOTAL_TIME_USEC,               // for http like requests, the total time to complete the response
-
-    // health alerts
-    NDF_ALERT_ID,
-    NDF_ALERT_UNIQUE_ID,
-    NDF_ALERT_EVENT_ID,
-    NDF_ALERT_TRANSITION_ID,
-    NDF_ALERT_CONFIG_HASH,
-    NDF_ALERT_NAME,
-    NDF_ALERT_CLASS,
-    NDF_ALERT_COMPONENT,
-    NDF_ALERT_TYPE,
-    NDF_ALERT_EXEC,
-    NDF_ALERT_RECIPIENT,
-    NDF_ALERT_DURATION,
-    NDF_ALERT_VALUE,
-    NDF_ALERT_VALUE_OLD,
-    NDF_ALERT_STATUS,
-    NDF_ALERT_STATUS_OLD,
-    NDF_ALERT_SOURCE,
-    NDF_ALERT_UNITS,
-    NDF_ALERT_SUMMARY,
-    NDF_ALERT_INFO,
-    NDF_ALERT_NOTIFICATION_REALTIME_USEC,
-    // NDF_ALERT_FLAGS,
-
-    // put new items here
-    // leave the request URL and the message last
-
-    NDF_REQUEST,                                // the request we are currently working on
-    NDF_MESSAGE,                                // the log message, if any
-
-    // terminator
-    _NDF_MAX,
-} ND_LOG_FIELD_ID;
-
-typedef enum __attribute__((__packed__)) {
-    NDFT_UNSET = 0,
-    NDFT_TXT,
-    NDFT_STR,
-    NDFT_BFR,
-    NDFT_U64,
-    NDFT_I64,
-    NDFT_DBL,
-    NDFT_UUID,
-    NDFT_CALLBACK,
-} ND_LOG_STACK_FIELD_TYPE;
-
-void nd_log_set_user_settings(ND_LOG_SOURCES source, const char *setting);
-void nd_log_set_facility(const char *facility);
-void nd_log_set_priority_level(const char *setting);
-void nd_log_initialize(void);
-void nd_log_reopen_log_files(void);
-void chown_open_file(int fd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
-void nd_log_chown_log_files(uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
-void nd_log_set_flood_protection(size_t logs, time_t period);
-void nd_log_initialize_for_external_plugins(const char *name);
-void nd_log_set_thread_source(ND_LOG_SOURCES source);
-bool nd_log_journal_socket_available(void);
-ND_LOG_FIELD_ID nd_log_field_id_by_name(const char *field, size_t len);
-int nd_log_priority2id(const char *priority);
-const char *nd_log_id2priority(ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority);
-const char *nd_log_method_for_external_plugins(const char *s);
-
-int nd_log_health_fd(void);
-typedef bool (*log_formatter_callback_t)(BUFFER *wb, void *data);
-
-struct log_stack_entry {
-    ND_LOG_FIELD_ID id;
-    ND_LOG_STACK_FIELD_TYPE type;
-    bool set;
-    union {
-        const char *txt;
-        struct netdata_string *str;
-        BUFFER *bfr;
-        uint64_t u64;
-        int64_t i64;
-        double dbl;
-        const uuid_t *uuid;
-        struct {
-            log_formatter_callback_t formatter;
-            void *formatter_data;
-        } cb;
-    };
-};
-
-#define ND_LOG_STACK _cleanup_(log_stack_pop) struct log_stack_entry
-#define ND_LOG_STACK_PUSH(lgs) log_stack_push(lgs)
-
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(field, value) (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = (field), .type = NDFT_TXT, .txt = (value), .set = true, }
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_STR(field, value) (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = (field), .type = NDFT_STR, .str = (value), .set = true, }
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_BFR(field, value) (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = (field), .type = NDFT_BFR, .bfr = (value), .set = true, }
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_U64(field, value) (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = (field), .type = NDFT_U64, .u64 = (value), .set = true, }
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_I64(field, value) (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = (field), .type = NDFT_I64, .i64 = (value), .set = true, }
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_DBL(field, value) (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = (field), .type = NDFT_DBL, .dbl = (value), .set = true, }
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_CB(field, func, data) (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = (field), .type = NDFT_CALLBACK, .cb = { .formatter = (func), .formatter_data = (data) }, .set = true, }
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_UUID(field, value) (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = (field), .type = NDFT_UUID, .uuid = (value), .set = true, }
-#define ND_LOG_FIELD_END() (struct log_stack_entry){ .id = NDF_STOP, .type = NDFT_UNSET, .set = false, }
-
-void log_stack_pop(void *ptr);
-void log_stack_push(struct log_stack_entry *lgs);
-
-#define D_WEB_BUFFER        0x0000000000000001
-#define D_WEB_CLIENT        0x0000000000000002
-#define D_LISTENER          0x0000000000000004
-#define D_WEB_DATA          0x0000000000000008
-#define D_OPTIONS           0x0000000000000010
-#define D_PROCNETDEV_LOOP   0x0000000000000020
-#define D_RRD_STATS         0x0000000000000040
-#define D_WEB_CLIENT_ACCESS 0x0000000000000080
-#define D_TC_LOOP           0x0000000000000100
-#define D_DEFLATE           0x0000000000000200
-#define D_CONFIG            0x0000000000000400
-#define D_PLUGINSD          0x0000000000000800
-#define D_CHILDS            0x0000000000001000
-#define D_EXIT              0x0000000000002000
-#define D_CHECKS            0x0000000000004000
-#define D_NFACCT_LOOP       0x0000000000008000
-#define D_PROCFILE          0x0000000000010000
-#define D_RRD_CALLS         0x0000000000020000
-#define D_DICTIONARY        0x0000000000040000
-#define D_MEMORY            0x0000000000080000
-#define D_CGROUP            0x0000000000100000
-#define D_REGISTRY          0x0000000000200000
-#define D_VARIABLES         0x0000000000400000
-#define D_HEALTH            0x0000000000800000
-#define D_CONNECT_TO        0x0000000001000000
-#define D_RRDHOST           0x0000000002000000
-#define D_LOCKS             0x0000000004000000
-#define D_EXPORTING         0x0000000008000000
-#define D_STATSD            0x0000000010000000
-#define D_POLLFD            0x0000000020000000
-#define D_STREAM            0x0000000040000000
-#define D_ANALYTICS         0x0000000080000000
-#define D_RRDENGINE         0x0000000100000000
-#define D_ACLK              0x0000000200000000
-#define D_REPLICATION       0x0000002000000000
-#define D_SYSTEM            0x8000000000000000
-
-extern uint64_t debug_flags;
-
-extern const char *program_name;
-
-#ifdef ENABLE_ACLK
-extern int aclklog_enabled;
-#endif
-
-#define LOG_DATE_LENGTH 26
-void log_date(char *buffer, size_t len, time_t now);
-
-static inline void debug_dummy(void) {}
-
-void nd_log_limits_reset(void);
-void nd_log_limits_unlimited(void);
-
-#define NDLP_INFO_STR "info"
-
-#ifdef NETDATA_INTERNAL_CHECKS
-#define netdata_log_debug(type, args...) do { if(unlikely(debug_flags & type)) netdata_logger(NDLS_DEBUG, NDLP_DEBUG, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args); } while(0)
-#define internal_error(condition, args...) do { if(unlikely(condition)) netdata_logger(NDLS_DAEMON, NDLP_DEBUG, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args); } while(0)
-#define internal_fatal(condition, args...) do { if(unlikely(condition)) netdata_logger_fatal(__FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args); } while(0)
-#else
-#define netdata_log_debug(type, args...) debug_dummy()
-#define internal_error(args...) debug_dummy()
-#define internal_fatal(args...) debug_dummy()
-#endif
-
-#define fatal(args...)   netdata_logger_fatal(__FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-#define fatal_assert(expr) ((expr) ? (void)(0) : netdata_logger_fatal(__FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, "Assertion `%s' failed", #expr))
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// normal logging
-
-void netdata_logger(ND_LOG_SOURCES source, ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority, const char *file, const char *function, unsigned long line, const char *fmt, ... ) PRINTFLIKE(6, 7);
-#define nd_log(NDLS, NDLP, args...) netdata_logger(NDLS, NDLP, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-#define nd_log_daemon(NDLP, args...) netdata_logger(NDLS_DAEMON, NDLP, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-#define nd_log_collector(NDLP, args...) netdata_logger(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-
-#define netdata_log_info(args...)   netdata_logger(NDLS_DAEMON,     NDLP_INFO,  __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-#define netdata_log_error(args...)  netdata_logger(NDLS_DAEMON,     NDLP_ERR,   __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-#define collector_info(args...)     netdata_logger(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP_INFO,  __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-#define collector_error(args...)    netdata_logger(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP_ERR,   __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-
-#define log_aclk_message_bin(__data, __data_len, __tx, __mqtt_topic, __message_name) \
-    nd_log(NDLS_ACLK, NDLP_INFO, \
-        "direction:%s message:'%s' topic:'%s' json:'%.*s'", \
-        (__tx) ? "OUTGOING" : "INCOMING", __message_name, __mqtt_topic, (int)(__data_len), __data)
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// logging with limits
-
-typedef struct error_with_limit {
-    SPINLOCK spinlock;
-    time_t log_every;
-    size_t count;
-    time_t last_logged;
-    usec_t sleep_ut;
-} ERROR_LIMIT;
-
-#define nd_log_limit_static_global_var(var, log_every_secs, sleep_usecs) static ERROR_LIMIT var = { .last_logged = 0, .count = 0, .log_every = (log_every_secs), .sleep_ut = (sleep_usecs) }
-#define nd_log_limit_static_thread_var(var, log_every_secs, sleep_usecs) static __thread ERROR_LIMIT var = { .last_logged = 0, .count = 0, .log_every = (log_every_secs), .sleep_ut = (sleep_usecs) }
-void netdata_logger_with_limit(ERROR_LIMIT *erl, ND_LOG_SOURCES source, ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority, const char *file, const char *function, unsigned long line, const char *fmt, ... ) PRINTFLIKE(7, 8);;
-#define nd_log_limit(erl, NDLS, NDLP, args...)   netdata_logger_with_limit(erl, NDLS, NDLP, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##args)
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-void send_statistics(const char *action, const char *action_result, const char *action_data);
-void netdata_logger_fatal( const char *file, const char *function, unsigned long line, const char *fmt, ... ) NORETURN PRINTFLIKE(4, 5);
-
-# ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-# endif
-
-#endif /* NETDATA_LOG_H */
diff --git a/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.c b/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.c
deleted file mode 100644
index de6211cc0..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,820 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#include "systemd-cat-native.h"
-#include "../required_dummies.h"
-
-#ifdef __FreeBSD__
-#include <sys/endian.h>
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-#include <machine/endian.h>
-#endif
-
-static void log_message_to_stderr(BUFFER *msg) {
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *tmp = buffer_create(0, NULL);
-
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < msg->len ;i++) {
-        if(isprint(msg->buffer[i]))
-            buffer_putc(tmp, msg->buffer[i]);
-        else {
-            buffer_putc(tmp, '[');
-            buffer_print_uint64_hex(tmp, msg->buffer[i]);
-            buffer_putc(tmp, ']');
-        }
-    }
-
-    fprintf(stderr, "SENDING: %s\n", buffer_tostring(tmp));
-}
-
-static inline buffered_reader_ret_t get_next_line(struct buffered_reader *reader, BUFFER *line, int timeout_ms) {
-    while(true) {
-        if(unlikely(!buffered_reader_next_line(reader, line))) {
-            buffered_reader_ret_t ret = buffered_reader_read_timeout(reader, STDIN_FILENO, timeout_ms, false);
-            if(unlikely(ret != BUFFERED_READER_READ_OK))
-                return ret;
-
-            continue;
-        }
-        else {
-            // make sure the buffer is NULL terminated
-            line->buffer[line->len] = '\0';
-
-            // remove the trailing newlines
-            while(line->len && line->buffer[line->len - 1] == '\n')
-                line->buffer[--line->len] = '\0';
-
-            return BUFFERED_READER_READ_OK;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static inline size_t copy_replacing_newlines(char *dst, size_t dst_len, const char *src, size_t src_len, const char *newline) {
-    if (!dst || !src) return 0;
-
-    const char *current_src = src;
-    const char *src_end = src + src_len; // Pointer to the end of src
-    char *current_dst = dst;
-    size_t remaining_dst_len = dst_len;
-    size_t newline_len = newline && *newline ? strlen(newline) : 0;
-
-    size_t bytes_copied = 0; // To track the number of bytes copied
-
-    while (remaining_dst_len > 1 && current_src < src_end) {
-        if (newline_len > 0) {
-            const char *found = strstr(current_src, newline);
-            if (found && found < src_end) {
-                size_t copy_len = found - current_src;
-                if (copy_len >= remaining_dst_len) copy_len = remaining_dst_len - 1;
-
-                memcpy(current_dst, current_src, copy_len);
-                current_dst += copy_len;
-                *current_dst++ = '\n';
-                remaining_dst_len -= (copy_len + 1);
-                bytes_copied += copy_len + 1; // +1 for the newline character
-                current_src = found + newline_len;
-                continue;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Copy the remaining part of src to dst
-        size_t copy_len = src_end - current_src;
-        if (copy_len >= remaining_dst_len) copy_len = remaining_dst_len - 1;
-
-        memcpy(current_dst, current_src, copy_len);
-        current_dst += copy_len;
-        remaining_dst_len -= copy_len;
-        bytes_copied += copy_len;
-        break;
-    }
-
-    // Ensure the string is null-terminated
-    *current_dst = '\0';
-
-    return bytes_copied;
-}
-
-static inline void buffer_memcat_replacing_newlines(BUFFER *wb, const char *src, size_t src_len, const char *newline) {
-    if(!src) return;
-
-    const char *equal;
-    if(!newline || !*newline || !strstr(src, newline) || !(equal = strchr(src, '='))) {
-        buffer_memcat(wb, src, src_len);
-        buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-        return;
-    }
-
-    size_t key_len = equal - src;
-    buffer_memcat(wb, src, key_len);
-    buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-
-    char *length_ptr = &wb->buffer[wb->len];
-    uint64_t le_size = 0;
-    buffer_memcat(wb, &le_size, sizeof(le_size));
-
-    const char *value = ++equal;
-    size_t value_len = src_len - key_len - 1;
-    buffer_need_bytes(wb, value_len + 1);
-    size_t size = copy_replacing_newlines(&wb->buffer[wb->len], value_len + 1, value, value_len, newline);
-    wb->len += size;
-    buffer_putc(wb, '\n');
-
-    le_size = htole64(size);
-    memcpy(length_ptr, &le_size, sizeof(le_size));
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// log to a systemd-journal-remote
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CURL
-#include <curl/curl.h>
-
-#ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
-#define HOST_NAME_MAX 256
-#endif
-
-char global_hostname[HOST_NAME_MAX] = "";
-char global_boot_id[UUID_COMPACT_STR_LEN] = "";
-char global_machine_id[UUID_COMPACT_STR_LEN] = "";
-char global_stream_id[UUID_COMPACT_STR_LEN] = "";
-char global_namespace[1024] = "";
-char global_systemd_invocation_id[1024] = "";
-#define BOOT_ID_PATH "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id"
-#define MACHINE_ID_PATH "/etc/machine-id"
-
-#define DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY "/etc/ssl/private/journal-upload.pem"
-#define DEFAULT_PUBLIC_KEY "/etc/ssl/certs/journal-upload.pem"
-#define DEFAULT_CA_CERT "/etc/ssl/ca/trusted.pem"
-
-struct upload_data {
-    char *data;
-    size_t length;
-};
-
-static size_t systemd_journal_remote_read_callback(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) {
-    struct upload_data *upload = (struct upload_data *)userp;
-    size_t buffer_size = size * nmemb;
-
-    if (upload->length) {
-        size_t copy_size = upload->length < buffer_size ? upload->length : buffer_size;
-        memcpy(ptr, upload->data, copy_size);
-        upload->data += copy_size;
-        upload->length -= copy_size;
-        return copy_size;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-CURL* initialize_connection_to_systemd_journal_remote(const char* url, const char* private_key, const char* public_key, const char* ca_cert, struct curl_slist **headers) {
-    CURL *curl = curl_easy_init();
-    if (!curl) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize curl\n");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    *headers = curl_slist_append(*headers, "Content-Type: application/vnd.fdo.journal");
-    *headers = curl_slist_append(*headers, "Transfer-Encoding: chunked");
-    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, *headers);
-    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1L);
-    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, systemd_journal_remote_read_callback);
-
-    if (strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
-        if (private_key) curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSLKEY, private_key);
-        if (public_key) curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSLCERT, public_key);
-
-        if (strcmp(ca_cert, "all") != 0) {
-            curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CAINFO, ca_cert);
-        } else {
-            curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L);
-        }
-    }
-    // curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L); // Remove for less verbose output
-
-    return curl;
-}
-
-static void journal_remote_complete_event(BUFFER *msg, usec_t *monotonic_ut) {
-    usec_t ut = now_monotonic_usec();
-
-    if(monotonic_ut)
-        *monotonic_ut = ut;
-
-    buffer_sprintf(msg,
-                   ""
-                   "__REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=%llu\n"
-                   "__MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP=%llu\n"
-                   "_MACHINE_ID=%s\n"
-                   "_BOOT_ID=%s\n"
-                   "_HOSTNAME=%s\n"
-                   "_TRANSPORT=stdout\n"
-                   "_LINE_BREAK=nul\n"
-                   "_STREAM_ID=%s\n"
-                   "_RUNTIME_SCOPE=system\n"
-                   "%s%s\n"
-                   , now_realtime_usec()
-                   , ut
-                   , global_machine_id
-                   , global_boot_id
-                   , global_hostname
-                   , global_stream_id
-                   , global_namespace
-                   , global_systemd_invocation_id
-                  );
-}
-
-static CURLcode journal_remote_send_buffer(CURL* curl, BUFFER *msg) {
-
-    // log_message_to_stderr(msg);
-
-    struct upload_data upload = {0};
-
-    if (!curl || !buffer_strlen(msg))
-        return CURLE_FAILED_INIT;
-
-    upload.data = (char *) buffer_tostring(msg);
-    upload.length = buffer_strlen(msg);
-
-    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, &upload);
-    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE_LARGE, (curl_off_t)upload.length);
-
-    return curl_easy_perform(curl);
-}
-
-typedef enum {
-    LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_BAD_PARAMS = -1,
-    LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_CANNOT_INITIALIZE = -2,
-    LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_CANNOT_SEND = -3,
-    LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_CANNOT_READ = -4,
-} log_to_journal_remote_ret_t;
-
-static log_to_journal_remote_ret_t log_input_to_journal_remote(const char *url, const char *key, const char *cert, const char *trust, const char *newline, int timeout_ms) {
-    if(!url || !*url) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "No URL is given.\n");
-        return LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_BAD_PARAMS;
-    }
-
-    if(timeout_ms < 10)
-        timeout_ms = 10;
-
-    global_boot_id[0] = '\0';
-    char buffer[1024];
-    if(read_file(BOOT_ID_PATH, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) == 0) {
-        uuid_t uuid;
-        if(uuid_parse_flexi(buffer, uuid) == 0)
-            uuid_unparse_lower_compact(uuid, global_boot_id);
-        else
-            fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: cannot parse the UUID found in '%s'.\n", BOOT_ID_PATH);
-    }
-
-    if(global_boot_id[0] == '\0') {
-        fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: cannot read '%s'. Will generate a random _BOOT_ID.\n", BOOT_ID_PATH);
-        uuid_t uuid;
-        uuid_generate_random(uuid);
-        uuid_unparse_lower_compact(uuid, global_boot_id);
-    }
-
-    if(read_file(MACHINE_ID_PATH, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) == 0) {
-        uuid_t uuid;
-        if(uuid_parse_flexi(buffer, uuid) == 0)
-            uuid_unparse_lower_compact(uuid, global_machine_id);
-        else
-            fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: cannot parse the UUID found in '%s'.\n", MACHINE_ID_PATH);
-    }
-
-    if(global_machine_id[0] == '\0') {
-        fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: cannot read '%s'. Will generate a random _MACHINE_ID.\n", MACHINE_ID_PATH);
-        uuid_t uuid;
-        uuid_generate_random(uuid);
-        uuid_unparse_lower_compact(uuid, global_boot_id);
-    }
-
-    if(global_stream_id[0] == '\0') {
-        uuid_t uuid;
-        uuid_generate_random(uuid);
-        uuid_unparse_lower_compact(uuid, global_stream_id);
-    }
-
-    if(global_hostname[0] == '\0') {
-        if(gethostname(global_hostname, sizeof(global_hostname)) != 0) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: cannot get system's hostname. Will use internal default.\n");
-            snprintfz(global_hostname, sizeof(global_hostname), "systemd-cat-native-unknown-hostname");
-        }
-    }
-
-    if(global_systemd_invocation_id[0] == '\0' && getenv("INVOCATION_ID"))
-        snprintfz(global_systemd_invocation_id, sizeof(global_systemd_invocation_id), "_SYSTEMD_INVOCATION_ID=%s\n", getenv("INVOCATION_ID"));
-
-    if(!key)
-        key = DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY;
-
-    if(!cert)
-        cert = DEFAULT_PUBLIC_KEY;
-
-    if(!trust)
-        trust = DEFAULT_CA_CERT;
-
-    char full_url[4096];
-    snprintfz(full_url, sizeof(full_url), "%s/upload", url);
-
-    CURL *curl;
-    CURLcode res = CURLE_OK;
-    struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
-
-    curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
-    curl = initialize_connection_to_systemd_journal_remote(full_url, key, cert, trust, &headers);
-
-    if(!curl)
-        return LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_CANNOT_INITIALIZE;
-
-    struct buffered_reader reader;
-    buffered_reader_init(&reader);
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *line = buffer_create(sizeof(reader.read_buffer), NULL);
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *msg = buffer_create(sizeof(reader.read_buffer), NULL);
-
-    size_t msg_full_events = 0;
-    size_t msg_partial_fields = 0;
-    usec_t msg_started_ut = 0;
-    size_t failures = 0;
-    size_t messages_logged = 0;
-
-    log_to_journal_remote_ret_t ret = 0;
-
-    while(true) {
-        buffered_reader_ret_t rc = get_next_line(&reader, line, timeout_ms);
-        if(rc == BUFFERED_READER_READ_POLL_TIMEOUT) {
-            if(msg_full_events && !msg_partial_fields) {
-                res = journal_remote_send_buffer(curl, msg);
-                if(res != CURLE_OK) {
-                    fprintf(stderr, "journal_remote_send_buffer() failed: %s\n", curl_easy_strerror(res));
-                    failures++;
-                    ret = LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_CANNOT_SEND;
-                    goto cleanup;
-                }
-                else
-                    messages_logged++;
-
-                msg_full_events = 0;
-                buffer_flush(msg);
-            }
-        }
-        else if(rc == BUFFERED_READER_READ_OK) {
-            if(!line->len) {
-                // an empty line - we are done for this message
-                if(msg_partial_fields) {
-                    msg_partial_fields = 0;
-
-                    usec_t ut;
-                    journal_remote_complete_event(msg, &ut);
-                    if(!msg_full_events)
-                        msg_started_ut = ut;
-
-                    msg_full_events++;
-
-                    if(ut - msg_started_ut >= USEC_PER_SEC / 2) {
-                        res = journal_remote_send_buffer(curl, msg);
-                        if(res != CURLE_OK) {
-                            fprintf(stderr, "journal_remote_send_buffer() failed: %s\n", curl_easy_strerror(res));
-                            failures++;
-                            ret = LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_CANNOT_SEND;
-                            goto cleanup;
-                        }
-                        else
-                            messages_logged++;
-
-                        msg_full_events = 0;
-                        buffer_flush(msg);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                buffer_memcat_replacing_newlines(msg, line->buffer, line->len, newline);
-                msg_partial_fields++;
-            }
-
-            buffer_flush(line);
-        }
-        else {
-            fprintf(stderr, "cannot read input data, failed with code %d\n", rc);
-            ret = LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_CANNOT_READ;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (msg_full_events || msg_partial_fields) {
-        if(msg_partial_fields) {
-            msg_partial_fields = 0;
-            msg_full_events++;
-            journal_remote_complete_event(msg, NULL);
-        }
-
-        if(msg_full_events) {
-            res = journal_remote_send_buffer(curl, msg);
-            if(res != CURLE_OK) {
-                fprintf(stderr, "journal_remote_send_buffer() failed: %s\n", curl_easy_strerror(res));
-                failures++;
-            }
-            else
-                messages_logged++;
-
-            msg_full_events = 0;
-            buffer_flush(msg);
-        }
-    }
-
-cleanup:
-    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
-    curl_slist_free_all(headers);
-    curl_global_cleanup();
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-#endif
-
-static int help(void) {
-    fprintf(stderr,
-            "\n"
-            "Netdata systemd-cat-native " PACKAGE_VERSION "\n"
-            "\n"
-            "This program reads from its standard input, lines in the format:\n"
-            "\n"
-            "KEY1=VALUE1\\n\n"
-            "KEY2=VALUE2\\n\n"
-            "KEYN=VALUEN\\n\n"
-            "\\n\n"
-            "\n"
-            "and sends them to systemd-journal.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "   - Binary journal fields are not accepted at its input\n"
-            "   - Binary journal fields can be generated after newline processing\n"
-            "   - Messages have to be separated by an empty line\n"
-            "   - Keys starting with underscore are not accepted (by journald)\n"
-            "   - Other rules imposed by systemd-journald are imposed (by journald)\n"
-            "\n"
-            "Usage:\n"
-            "\n"
-            "   %s\n"
-            "          [--newline=STRING]\n"
-            "          [--log-as-netdata|-N]\n"
-            "          [--namespace=NAMESPACE] [--socket=PATH]\n"
-#ifdef HAVE_CURL
-            "          [--url=URL [--key=FILENAME] [--cert=FILENAME] [--trust=FILENAME|all]]\n"
-#endif
-            "\n"
-            "The program has the following modes of logging:\n"
-            "\n"
-            "  * Log to a local systemd-journald or stderr\n"
-            "\n"
-            "    This is the default mode. If systemd-journald is available, logs will be\n"
-            "    sent to systemd, otherwise logs will be printed on stderr, using logfmt\n"
-            "    formatting. Options --socket and --namespace are available to configure\n"
-            "    the journal destination:\n"
-            "\n"
-            "      --socket=PATH\n"
-            "        The path of a systemd-journald UNIX socket.\n"
-            "        The program will use the default systemd-journald socket when this\n"
-            "        option is not used.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "      --namespace=NAMESPACE\n"
-            "        The name of a configured and running systemd-journald namespace.\n"
-            "        The program will produce the socket path based on its internal\n"
-            "        defaults, to send the messages to the systemd journal namespace.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "  * Log as Netdata, enabled with --log-as-netdata or -N\n"
-            "\n"
-            "    In this mode the program uses environment variables set by Netdata for\n"
-            "    the log destination. Only log fields defined by Netdata are accepted.\n"
-            "    If the environment variables expected by Netdata are not found, it\n"
-            "    falls back to stderr logging in logfmt format.\n"
-#ifdef HAVE_CURL
-            "\n"
-            "  * Log to a systemd-journal-remote TCP socket, enabled with --url=URL\n"
-            "\n"
-            "    In this mode, the program will directly sent logs to a remote systemd\n"
-            "    journal (systemd-journal-remote expected at the destination)\n"
-            "    This mode is available even when the local system does not support\n"
-            "    systemd, or even it is not Linux, allowing a remote Linux systemd\n"
-            "    journald to become the logs database of the local system.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "    Unfortunately systemd-journal-remote does not accept compressed\n"
-            "    data over the network, so the stream will be uncompressed.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "      --url=URL\n"
-            "        The destination systemd-journal-remote address and port, similarly\n"
-            "        to what /etc/systemd/journal-upload.conf accepts.\n"
-            "        Usually it is in the form: https://ip.address:19532\n"
-            "        Both http and https URLs are accepted. When using https, the\n"
-            "        following additional options are accepted:\n"
-            "\n"
-            "      --key=FILENAME\n"
-            "        The filename of the private key of the server.\n"
-            "        The default is: " DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY "\n"
-            "\n"
-            "      --cert=FILENAME\n"
-            "        The filename of the public key of the server.\n"
-            "        The default is: " DEFAULT_PUBLIC_KEY "\n"
-            "\n"
-            "      --trust=FILENAME | all\n"
-            "        The filename of the trusted CA public key.\n"
-            "        The default is: " DEFAULT_CA_CERT "\n"
-            "        The keyword 'all' can be used to trust all CAs.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "      --namespace=NAMESPACE\n"
-            "        Set the namespace of the messages sent.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "      --keep-trying\n"
-            "        Keep trying to send the message, if the remote journal is not there.\n"
-#endif
-            "\n"
-            "    NEWLINES PROCESSING\n"
-            "    systemd-journal logs entries may have newlines in them. However the\n"
-            "    Journal Export Format uses binary formatted data to achieve this,\n"
-            "    making it hard for text processing.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "    To overcome this limitation, this program allows single-line text\n"
-            "    formatted values at its input, to be binary formatted multi-line Journal\n"
-            "    Export Format at its output.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "    To achieve that it allows replacing a given string to a newline.\n"
-            "    The parameter --newline=STRING allows setting the string to be replaced\n"
-            "    with newlines.\n"
-            "\n"
-            "    For example by setting --newline='--NEWLINE--', the program will replace\n"
-            "    all occurrences of --NEWLINE-- with the newline character, within each\n"
-            "    VALUE of the KEY=VALUE lines. Once this this done, the program will\n"
-            "    switch the field to the binary Journal Export Format before sending the\n"
-            "    log event to systemd-journal.\n"
-            "\n",
-            program_name);
-
-    return 1;
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// log as Netdata
-
-static void lgs_reset(struct log_stack_entry *lgs) {
-    for(size_t i = 1; i < _NDF_MAX ;i++) {
-        if(lgs[i].type == NDFT_TXT && lgs[i].set && lgs[i].txt)
-            freez((void *)lgs[i].txt);
-
-        lgs[i] = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(i, NULL);
-    }
-
-    lgs[0] = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_MESSAGE, NULL);
-    lgs[_NDF_MAX] = ND_LOG_FIELD_END();
-}
-
-static const char *strdupz_replacing_newlines(const char *src, const char *newline) {
-    if(!src) src = "";
-
-    size_t src_len = strlen(src);
-    char *buffer = mallocz(src_len + 1);
-    copy_replacing_newlines(buffer, src_len + 1, src, src_len, newline);
-    return buffer;
-}
-
-static int log_input_as_netdata(const char *newline, int timeout_ms) {
-    struct buffered_reader reader;
-    buffered_reader_init(&reader);
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *line = buffer_create(sizeof(reader.read_buffer), NULL);
-
-    ND_LOG_STACK lgs[_NDF_MAX + 1] = { 0 };
-    ND_LOG_STACK_PUSH(lgs);
-    lgs_reset(lgs);
-
-    size_t fields_added = 0;
-    size_t messages_logged = 0;
-    ND_LOG_FIELD_PRIORITY priority = NDLP_INFO;
-
-    while(get_next_line(&reader, line, timeout_ms) == BUFFERED_READER_READ_OK) {
-        if(!line->len) {
-            // an empty line - we are done for this message
-
-            nd_log(NDLS_HEALTH, priority,
-                   "added %d fields", // if the user supplied a MESSAGE, this will be ignored
-                   fields_added);
-
-            lgs_reset(lgs);
-            fields_added = 0;
-            messages_logged++;
-        }
-        else {
-            char *equal = strchr(line->buffer, '=');
-            if(equal) {
-                const char *field = line->buffer;
-                size_t field_len = equal - line->buffer;
-                ND_LOG_FIELD_ID id = nd_log_field_id_by_name(field, field_len);
-                if(id != NDF_STOP) {
-                    const char *value = ++equal;
-
-                    if(lgs[id].txt)
-                        freez((void *) lgs[id].txt);
-
-                    lgs[id].txt = strdupz_replacing_newlines(value, newline);
-                    lgs[id].set = true;
-
-                    fields_added++;
-
-                    if(id == NDF_PRIORITY)
-                        priority = nd_log_priority2id(value);
-                }
-                else {
-                    struct log_stack_entry backup = lgs[NDF_MESSAGE];
-                    lgs[NDF_MESSAGE] = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_MESSAGE, NULL);
-
-                    nd_log(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP_ERR,
-                           "Field '%.*s' is not a Netdata field. Ignoring it.",
-                           field_len, field);
-
-                    lgs[NDF_MESSAGE] = backup;
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                struct log_stack_entry backup = lgs[NDF_MESSAGE];
-                lgs[NDF_MESSAGE] = ND_LOG_FIELD_TXT(NDF_MESSAGE, NULL);
-
-                nd_log(NDLS_COLLECTORS, NDLP_ERR,
-                       "Line does not contain an = sign; ignoring it: %s",
-                       line->buffer);
-
-                lgs[NDF_MESSAGE] = backup;
-            }
-        }
-
-        buffer_flush(line);
-    }
-
-    if(fields_added) {
-        nd_log(NDLS_HEALTH, priority, "added %d fields", fields_added);
-        messages_logged++;
-    }
-
-    return messages_logged ? 0 : 1;
-}
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// log to a local systemd-journald
-
-static bool journal_local_send_buffer(int fd, BUFFER *msg) {
-    // log_message_to_stderr(msg);
-
-    bool ret = journal_direct_send(fd, msg->buffer, msg->len);
-    if (!ret)
-        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot send message to systemd journal.\n");
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-static int log_input_to_journal(const char *socket, const char *namespace, const char *newline, int timeout_ms) {
-    char path[FILENAME_MAX + 1];
-    int fd = -1;
-
-    if(socket)
-        snprintfz(path, sizeof(path), "%s", socket);
-    else
-        journal_construct_path(path, sizeof(path), NULL, namespace);
-
-    fd = journal_direct_fd(path);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open '%s' as a UNIX socket (errno = %d)\n",
-                path, errno);
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    struct buffered_reader reader;
-    buffered_reader_init(&reader);
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *line = buffer_create(sizeof(reader.read_buffer), NULL);
-    CLEAN_BUFFER *msg = buffer_create(sizeof(reader.read_buffer), NULL);
-
-    size_t messages_logged = 0;
-    size_t failed_messages = 0;
-
-    while(get_next_line(&reader, line, timeout_ms) == BUFFERED_READER_READ_OK) {
-        if (!line->len) {
-            // an empty line - we are done for this message
-            if (msg->len) {
-                if(journal_local_send_buffer(fd, msg))
-                    messages_logged++;
-                else {
-                    failed_messages++;
-                    goto cleanup;
-                }
-            }
-
-            buffer_flush(msg);
-        }
-        else
-            buffer_memcat_replacing_newlines(msg, line->buffer, line->len, newline);
-
-        buffer_flush(line);
-    }
-
-    if (msg && msg->len) {
-        if(journal_local_send_buffer(fd, msg))
-            messages_logged++;
-        else
-            failed_messages++;
-    }
-
-cleanup:
-    return !failed_messages && messages_logged ? 0 : 1;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-    clocks_init();
-    nd_log_initialize_for_external_plugins(argv[0]);
-
-    int timeout_ms = -1; // wait forever
-    bool log_as_netdata = false;
-    const char *newline = NULL;
-    const char *namespace = NULL;
-    const char *socket = getenv("NETDATA_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL_PATH");
-#ifdef HAVE_CURL
-    const char *url = NULL;
-    const char *key = NULL;
-    const char *cert = NULL;
-    const char *trust = NULL;
-    bool keep_trying = false;
-#endif
-
-    for(int i = 1; i < argc ;i++) {
-        const char *k = argv[i];
-
-        if(strcmp(k, "--help") == 0 || strcmp(k, "-h") == 0)
-            return help();
-
-        else if(strcmp(k, "--log-as-netdata") == 0 || strcmp(k, "-N") == 0)
-            log_as_netdata = true;
-
-        else if(strncmp(k, "--namespace=", 12) == 0)
-            namespace = &k[12];
-
-        else if(strncmp(k, "--socket=", 9) == 0)
-            socket = &k[9];
-
-        else if(strncmp(k, "--newline=", 10) == 0)
-            newline = &k[10];
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CURL
-        else if (strncmp(k, "--url=", 6) == 0)
-            url = &k[6];
-
-        else if (strncmp(k, "--key=", 6) == 0)
-            key = &k[6];
-
-        else if (strncmp(k, "--cert=", 7) == 0)
-            cert = &k[7];
-
-        else if (strncmp(k, "--trust=", 8) == 0)
-            trust = &k[8];
-
-        else if (strcmp(k, "--keep-trying") == 0)
-            keep_trying = true;
-#endif
-        else {
-            fprintf(stderr, "Unknown parameter '%s'\n", k);
-            return 1;
-        }
-    }
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CURL
-    if(log_as_netdata && url) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot log to a systemd-journal-remote URL as Netdata. "
-                        "Please either give --url or --log-as-netdata, not both.\n");
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    if(socket && url) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot log to a systemd-journal-remote URL using a UNIX socket. "
-                        "Please either give --url or --socket, not both.\n");
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-#endif
-
-    if(log_as_netdata && namespace) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot log as netdata using a namespace. "
-                        "Please either give --log-as-netdata or --namespace, not both.\n");
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    if(log_as_netdata)
-        return log_input_as_netdata(newline, timeout_ms);
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CURL
-    if(url) {
-        if(url && namespace && *namespace)
-            snprintfz(global_namespace, sizeof(global_namespace), "_NAMESPACE=%s\n", namespace);
-
-        log_to_journal_remote_ret_t rc;
-        do {
-            rc = log_input_to_journal_remote(url, key, cert, trust, newline, timeout_ms);
-        } while(keep_trying && rc == LOG_TO_JOURNAL_REMOTE_CANNOT_SEND);
-    }
-#endif
-
-    return log_input_to_journal(socket, namespace, newline, timeout_ms);
-}
diff --git a/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.h b/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 34e7a3615..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#include "../libnetdata.h"
-
-#ifndef NETDATA_SYSTEMD_CAT_NATIVE_H
-#define NETDATA_SYSTEMD_CAT_NATIVE_H
-
-#endif //NETDATA_SYSTEMD_CAT_NATIVE_H
diff --git a/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.md b/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.md
deleted file mode 100644
index b0b15f403..000000000
--- a/libnetdata/log/systemd-cat-native.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,209 +0,0 @@
-# systemd-cat-native
-
-`systemd` includes a utility called `systemd-cat`. This utility reads log lines from its standard input and sends them
-to the local systemd journal. Its key limitation is that despite the fact that systemd journals support structured logs,
-this command does not support sending structured logs to it.
-
-`systemd-cat-native` is a Netdata supplied utility to push structured logs to systemd journals. Key features:
-
-- reads [Journal Export Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS/) formatted log entries
-- converts text fields into binary journal multiline log fields
-- sends logs to any of these:
-  - local default `systemd-journald`,
-  - local namespace `systemd-journald`,
-  - remote `systemd-journal-remote` using HTTP or HTTPS, the same way `systemd-journal-upload` does.
-- is the standard external logger of Netdata shell scripts
-
-## Simple use:
-
-```bash
-printf "MESSAGE=hello world\nPRIORITY=6\n\n" | systemd-cat-native
-```
-
-The result:
-
-![image](https://github.com/netdata/netdata/assets/2662304/689d5e03-97ee-40a8-a690-82b7710cef7c)
-
-
-Sending `PRIORITY=3` (error):
-
-```bash
-printf "MESSAGE=hey, this is error\nPRIORITY=3\n\n" | systemd-cat-native
-```
-
-The result:
-![image](https://github.com/netdata/netdata/assets/2662304/faf3eaa5-ac56-415b-9de8-16e6ceed9280)
-
-Sending multi-line log entries (in this example we replace the text `--NEWLINE--` with a newline in the log entry):
-
-```bash
-printf "MESSAGE=hello--NEWLINE--world\nPRIORITY=6\n\n" | systemd-cat-native --newline='--NEWLINE--'
-```
-
-The result:
-
-![image](https://github.com/netdata/netdata/assets/2662304/d6037b4a-87da-4693-ae67-e07df0decdd9)
-
-
-Processing the standard `\n` string can be tricky due to shell escaping. This works, but note that
-we have to add a lot of backslashes to printf.
-
-```bash
-printf "MESSAGE=hello\\\\nworld\nPRIORITY=6\n\n" | systemd-cat-native --newline='\n'
-```
-
-`systemd-cat-native` needs to receive it like this for newline processing to work:
-
-```bash
-# printf "MESSAGE=hello\\\\nworld\nPRIORITY=6\n\n"
-MESSAGE=hello\nworld
-PRIORITY=6
-
-```
-
-## Best practices
-
-These are the rules about fields, enforced by `systemd-journald`:
-
-- field names can be up to **64 characters**,
-- field values can be up to **48k characters**,
-- the only allowed field characters are **A-Z**, **0-9** and **underscore**,
-- the **first** character of fields cannot be a **digit**
-- **protected** journal fields start with underscore:
-  * they are accepted by `systemd-journal-remote`,
-  * they are **NOT** accepted by a local `systemd-journald`.
-
-For best results, always include these fields:
-
-- `MESSAGE=TEXT`<br/>
-  The `MESSAGE` is the body of the log entry.
-  This field is what we usually see in our logs.
-
-- `PRIORITY=NUMBER`<br/>
-  `PRIORITY` sets the severity of the log entry.<br/>
-  `0=emerg, 1=alert, 2=crit, 3=err, 4=warn, 5=notice, 6=info, 7=debug`
-  - Emergency events (0) are usually broadcast to all terminals.
-  - Emergency, alert, critical, and error (0-3) are usually colored red.
-  - Warning (4) entries are usually colored yellow.
-  - Notice (5) entries are usually bold or have a brighter white color.
-  - Info (6) entries are the default.
-  - Debug (7) entries are usually grayed or dimmed.
-
-- `SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=NAME`<br/>
-  `SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER` sets the name of application.
-  Use something descriptive, like: `SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=myapp`
-
-You can find the most common fields at `man systemd.journal-fields`.
-
-
-## Usage
-
-```
-Netdata systemd-cat-native v1.43.0-333-g5af71b875
-
-This program reads from its standard input, lines in the format:
-
-KEY1=VALUE1\n
-KEY2=VALUE2\n
-KEYN=VALUEN\n
-\n
-
-and sends them to systemd-journal.
-
-   - Binary journal fields are not accepted at its input
-   - Binary journal fields can be generated after newline processing
-   - Messages have to be separated by an empty line
-   - Keys starting with underscore are not accepted (by journald)
-   - Other rules imposed by systemd-journald are imposed (by journald)
-
-Usage:
-
-   systemd-cat-native
-          [--newline=STRING]
-          [--log-as-netdata|-N]
-          [--namespace=NAMESPACE] [--socket=PATH]
-          [--url=URL [--key=FILENAME] [--cert=FILENAME] [--trust=FILENAME|all]]
-
-The program has the following modes of logging:
-
-  * Log to a local systemd-journald or stderr
-
-    This is the default mode. If systemd-journald is available, logs will be
-    sent to systemd, otherwise logs will be printed on stderr, using logfmt
-    formatting. Options --socket and --namespace are available to configure
-    the journal destination:
-
-      --socket=PATH
-        The path of a systemd-journald UNIX socket.
-        The program will use the default systemd-journald socket when this
-        option is not used.
-
-      --namespace=NAMESPACE
-        The name of a configured and running systemd-journald namespace.
-        The program will produce the socket path based on its internal
-        defaults, to send the messages to the systemd journal namespace.
-
-  * Log as Netdata, enabled with --log-as-netdata or -N
-
-    In this mode the program uses environment variables set by Netdata for
-    the log destination. Only log fields defined by Netdata are accepted.
-    If the environment variables expected by Netdata are not found, it
-    falls back to stderr logging in logfmt format.
-
-  * Log to a systemd-journal-remote TCP socket, enabled with --url=URL
-
-    In this mode, the program will directly sent logs to a remote systemd
-    journal (systemd-journal-remote expected at the destination)
-    This mode is available even when the local system does not support
-    systemd, or even it is not Linux, allowing a remote Linux systemd
-    journald to become the logs database of the local system.
-
-    Unfortunately systemd-journal-remote does not accept compressed
-    data over the network, so the stream will be uncompressed.
-
-      --url=URL
-        The destination systemd-journal-remote address and port, similarly
-        to what /etc/systemd/journal-upload.conf accepts.
-        Usually it is in the form: https://ip.address:19532
-        Both http and https URLs are accepted. When using https, the
-        following additional options are accepted:
-
-      --key=FILENAME
-        The filename of the private key of the server.
-        The default is: /etc/ssl/private/journal-upload.pem
-
-      --cert=FILENAME
-        The filename of the public key of the server.
-        The default is: /etc/ssl/certs/journal-upload.pem
-
-      --trust=FILENAME | all
-        The filename of the trusted CA public key.
-        The default is: /etc/ssl/ca/trusted.pem
-        The keyword 'all' can be used to trust all CAs.
-
-      --namespace=NAMESPACE
-        Set the namespace of the messages sent.
-
-      --keep-trying
-        Keep trying to send the message, if the remote journal is not there.
-
-    NEWLINES PROCESSING
-    systemd-journal logs entries may have newlines in them. However the
-    Journal Export Format uses binary formatted data to achieve this,
-    making it hard for text processing.
-
-    To overcome this limitation, this program allows single-line text
-    formatted values at its input, to be binary formatted multi-line Journal
-    Export Format at its output.
-
-    To achieve that it allows replacing a given string to a newline.
-    The parameter --newline=STRING allows setting the string to be replaced
-    with newlines.
-
-    For example by setting --newline='--NEWLINE--', the program will replace
-    all occurrences of --NEWLINE-- with the newline character, within each
-    VALUE of the KEY=VALUE lines. Once this this done, the program will
-    switch the field to the binary Journal Export Format before sending the
-    log event to systemd-journal.
-
-```
\ No newline at end of file