sqlglot.dialects.dialect

  1from __future__ import annotations
  2
  3import typing as t
  4from enum import Enum
  5
  6from sqlglot import exp
  7from sqlglot._typing import E
  8from sqlglot.errors import ParseError
  9from sqlglot.generator import Generator
 10from sqlglot.helper import flatten, seq_get
 11from sqlglot.parser import Parser
 12from sqlglot.time import format_time
 13from sqlglot.tokens import Token, Tokenizer, TokenType
 14from sqlglot.trie import new_trie
 15
 16B = t.TypeVar("B", bound=exp.Binary)
 17
 18
 19class Dialects(str, Enum):
 20    DIALECT = ""
 21
 22    BIGQUERY = "bigquery"
 23    CLICKHOUSE = "clickhouse"
 24    DATABRICKS = "databricks"
 25    DRILL = "drill"
 26    DUCKDB = "duckdb"
 27    HIVE = "hive"
 28    MYSQL = "mysql"
 29    ORACLE = "oracle"
 30    POSTGRES = "postgres"
 31    PRESTO = "presto"
 32    REDSHIFT = "redshift"
 33    SNOWFLAKE = "snowflake"
 34    SPARK = "spark"
 35    SPARK2 = "spark2"
 36    SQLITE = "sqlite"
 37    STARROCKS = "starrocks"
 38    TABLEAU = "tableau"
 39    TERADATA = "teradata"
 40    TRINO = "trino"
 41    TSQL = "tsql"
 42
 43
 44class _Dialect(type):
 45    classes: t.Dict[str, t.Type[Dialect]] = {}
 46
 47    def __eq__(cls, other: t.Any) -> bool:
 48        if cls is other:
 49            return True
 50        if isinstance(other, str):
 51            return cls is cls.get(other)
 52        if isinstance(other, Dialect):
 53            return cls is type(other)
 54
 55        return False
 56
 57    def __hash__(cls) -> int:
 58        return hash(cls.__name__.lower())
 59
 60    @classmethod
 61    def __getitem__(cls, key: str) -> t.Type[Dialect]:
 62        return cls.classes[key]
 63
 64    @classmethod
 65    def get(
 66        cls, key: str, default: t.Optional[t.Type[Dialect]] = None
 67    ) -> t.Optional[t.Type[Dialect]]:
 68        return cls.classes.get(key, default)
 69
 70    def __new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs):
 71        klass = super().__new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs)
 72        enum = Dialects.__members__.get(clsname.upper())
 73        cls.classes[enum.value if enum is not None else clsname.lower()] = klass
 74
 75        klass.TIME_TRIE = new_trie(klass.TIME_MAPPING)
 76        klass.FORMAT_TRIE = (
 77            new_trie(klass.FORMAT_MAPPING) if klass.FORMAT_MAPPING else klass.TIME_TRIE
 78        )
 79        klass.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING = {v: k for k, v in klass.TIME_MAPPING.items()}
 80        klass.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE = new_trie(klass.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING)
 81
 82        klass.tokenizer_class = getattr(klass, "Tokenizer", Tokenizer)
 83        klass.parser_class = getattr(klass, "Parser", Parser)
 84        klass.generator_class = getattr(klass, "Generator", Generator)
 85
 86        klass.QUOTE_START, klass.QUOTE_END = list(klass.tokenizer_class._QUOTES.items())[0]
 87        klass.IDENTIFIER_START, klass.IDENTIFIER_END = list(
 88            klass.tokenizer_class._IDENTIFIERS.items()
 89        )[0]
 90
 91        def get_start_end(token_type: TokenType) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str]]:
 92            return next(
 93                (
 94                    (s, e)
 95                    for s, (e, t) in klass.tokenizer_class._FORMAT_STRINGS.items()
 96                    if t == token_type
 97                ),
 98                (None, None),
 99            )
100
101        klass.BIT_START, klass.BIT_END = get_start_end(TokenType.BIT_STRING)
102        klass.HEX_START, klass.HEX_END = get_start_end(TokenType.HEX_STRING)
103        klass.BYTE_START, klass.BYTE_END = get_start_end(TokenType.BYTE_STRING)
104
105        dialect_properties = {
106            **{
107                k: v
108                for k, v in vars(klass).items()
109                if not callable(v) and not isinstance(v, classmethod) and not k.startswith("__")
110            },
111            "STRING_ESCAPE": klass.tokenizer_class.STRING_ESCAPES[0],
112            "IDENTIFIER_ESCAPE": klass.tokenizer_class.IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES[0],
113        }
114
115        if enum not in ("", "bigquery"):
116            dialect_properties["SELECT_KINDS"] = ()
117
118        # Pass required dialect properties to the tokenizer, parser and generator classes
119        for subclass in (klass.tokenizer_class, klass.parser_class, klass.generator_class):
120            for name, value in dialect_properties.items():
121                if hasattr(subclass, name):
122                    setattr(subclass, name, value)
123
124        if not klass.STRICT_STRING_CONCAT:
125            klass.parser_class.BITWISE[TokenType.DPIPE] = exp.SafeDPipe
126
127        klass.generator_class.can_identify = klass.can_identify
128
129        return klass
130
131
132class Dialect(metaclass=_Dialect):
133    # Determines the base index offset for arrays
134    INDEX_OFFSET = 0
135
136    # If true unnest table aliases are considered only as column aliases
137    UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY = False
138
139    # Determines whether or not the table alias comes after tablesample
140    ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE = False
141
142    # Determines whether or not unquoted identifiers are resolved as uppercase
143    # When set to None, it means that the dialect treats all identifiers as case-insensitive
144    RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE: t.Optional[bool] = False
145
146    # Determines whether or not an unquoted identifier can start with a digit
147    IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = False
148
149    # Determines whether or not CONCAT's arguments must be strings
150    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = False
151
152    # Determines how function names are going to be normalized
153    NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS: bool | str = "upper"
154
155    # Indicates the default null ordering method to use if not explicitly set
156    # Options are: "nulls_are_small", "nulls_are_large", "nulls_are_last"
157    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_small"
158
159    DATE_FORMAT = "'%Y-%m-%d'"
160    DATEINT_FORMAT = "'%Y%m%d'"
161    TIME_FORMAT = "'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'"
162
163    # Custom time mappings in which the key represents dialect time format
164    # and the value represents a python time format
165    TIME_MAPPING: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
166
167    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/format-elements#format_model_rules_date_time
168    # https://docs.teradata.com/r/Teradata-Database-SQL-Functions-Operators-Expressions-and-Predicates/March-2017/Data-Type-Conversions/Character-to-DATE-Conversion/Forcing-a-FORMAT-on-CAST-for-Converting-Character-to-DATE
169    # special syntax cast(x as date format 'yyyy') defaults to time_mapping
170    FORMAT_MAPPING: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
171
172    # Columns that are auto-generated by the engine corresponding to this dialect
173    # Such columns may be excluded from SELECT * queries, for example
174    PSEUDOCOLUMNS: t.Set[str] = set()
175
176    # Autofilled
177    tokenizer_class = Tokenizer
178    parser_class = Parser
179    generator_class = Generator
180
181    # A trie of the time_mapping keys
182    TIME_TRIE: t.Dict = {}
183    FORMAT_TRIE: t.Dict = {}
184
185    INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
186    INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: t.Dict = {}
187
188    def __eq__(self, other: t.Any) -> bool:
189        return type(self) == other
190
191    def __hash__(self) -> int:
192        return hash(type(self))
193
194    @classmethod
195    def get_or_raise(cls, dialect: DialectType) -> t.Type[Dialect]:
196        if not dialect:
197            return cls
198        if isinstance(dialect, _Dialect):
199            return dialect
200        if isinstance(dialect, Dialect):
201            return dialect.__class__
202
203        result = cls.get(dialect)
204        if not result:
205            raise ValueError(f"Unknown dialect '{dialect}'")
206
207        return result
208
209    @classmethod
210    def format_time(
211        cls, expression: t.Optional[str | exp.Expression]
212    ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
213        if isinstance(expression, str):
214            return exp.Literal.string(
215                # the time formats are quoted
216                format_time(expression[1:-1], cls.TIME_MAPPING, cls.TIME_TRIE)
217            )
218
219        if expression and expression.is_string:
220            return exp.Literal.string(format_time(expression.this, cls.TIME_MAPPING, cls.TIME_TRIE))
221
222        return expression
223
224    @classmethod
225    def normalize_identifier(cls, expression: E) -> E:
226        """
227        Normalizes an unquoted identifier to either lower or upper case, thus essentially
228        making it case-insensitive. If a dialect treats all identifiers as case-insensitive,
229        they will be normalized regardless of being quoted or not.
230        """
231        if isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier) and (
232            not expression.quoted or cls.RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE is None
233        ):
234            expression.set(
235                "this",
236                expression.this.upper()
237                if cls.RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE
238                else expression.this.lower(),
239            )
240
241        return expression
242
243    @classmethod
244    def case_sensitive(cls, text: str) -> bool:
245        """Checks if text contains any case sensitive characters, based on the dialect's rules."""
246        if cls.RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE is None:
247            return False
248
249        unsafe = str.islower if cls.RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE else str.isupper
250        return any(unsafe(char) for char in text)
251
252    @classmethod
253    def can_identify(cls, text: str, identify: str | bool = "safe") -> bool:
254        """Checks if text can be identified given an identify option.
255
256        Args:
257            text: The text to check.
258            identify:
259                "always" or `True`: Always returns true.
260                "safe": True if the identifier is case-insensitive.
261
262        Returns:
263            Whether or not the given text can be identified.
264        """
265        if identify is True or identify == "always":
266            return True
267
268        if identify == "safe":
269            return not cls.case_sensitive(text)
270
271        return False
272
273    @classmethod
274    def quote_identifier(cls, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
275        if isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier):
276            name = expression.this
277            expression.set(
278                "quoted",
279                identify or cls.case_sensitive(name) or not exp.SAFE_IDENTIFIER_RE.match(name),
280            )
281
282        return expression
283
284    def parse(self, sql: str, **opts) -> t.List[t.Optional[exp.Expression]]:
285        return self.parser(**opts).parse(self.tokenize(sql), sql)
286
287    def parse_into(
288        self, expression_type: exp.IntoType, sql: str, **opts
289    ) -> t.List[t.Optional[exp.Expression]]:
290        return self.parser(**opts).parse_into(expression_type, self.tokenize(sql), sql)
291
292    def generate(self, expression: t.Optional[exp.Expression], **opts) -> str:
293        return self.generator(**opts).generate(expression)
294
295    def transpile(self, sql: str, **opts) -> t.List[str]:
296        return [self.generate(expression, **opts) for expression in self.parse(sql)]
297
298    def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
299        return self.tokenizer.tokenize(sql)
300
301    @property
302    def tokenizer(self) -> Tokenizer:
303        if not hasattr(self, "_tokenizer"):
304            self._tokenizer = self.tokenizer_class()
305        return self._tokenizer
306
307    def parser(self, **opts) -> Parser:
308        return self.parser_class(**opts)
309
310    def generator(self, **opts) -> Generator:
311        return self.generator_class(**opts)
312
313
314DialectType = t.Union[str, Dialect, t.Type[Dialect], None]
315
316
317def rename_func(name: str) -> t.Callable[[Generator, exp.Expression], str]:
318    return lambda self, expression: self.func(name, *flatten(expression.args.values()))
319
320
321def approx_count_distinct_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.ApproxDistinct) -> str:
322    if expression.args.get("accuracy"):
323        self.unsupported("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT does not support accuracy")
324    return self.func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT", expression.this)
325
326
327def if_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.If) -> str:
328    return self.func(
329        "IF", expression.this, expression.args.get("true"), expression.args.get("false")
330    )
331
332
333def arrow_json_extract_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.JSONExtract | exp.JSONBExtract) -> str:
334    return self.binary(expression, "->")
335
336
337def arrow_json_extract_scalar_sql(
338    self: Generator, expression: exp.JSONExtractScalar | exp.JSONBExtractScalar
339) -> str:
340    return self.binary(expression, "->>")
341
342
343def inline_array_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Array) -> str:
344    return f"[{self.expressions(expression)}]"
345
346
347def no_ilike_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.ILike) -> str:
348    return self.like_sql(
349        exp.Like(this=exp.Lower(this=expression.this), expression=expression.expression)
350    )
351
352
353def no_paren_current_date_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.CurrentDate) -> str:
354    zone = self.sql(expression, "this")
355    return f"CURRENT_DATE AT TIME ZONE {zone}" if zone else "CURRENT_DATE"
356
357
358def no_recursive_cte_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.With) -> str:
359    if expression.args.get("recursive"):
360        self.unsupported("Recursive CTEs are unsupported")
361        expression.args["recursive"] = False
362    return self.with_sql(expression)
363
364
365def no_safe_divide_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.SafeDivide) -> str:
366    n = self.sql(expression, "this")
367    d = self.sql(expression, "expression")
368    return f"IF({d} <> 0, {n} / {d}, NULL)"
369
370
371def no_tablesample_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.TableSample) -> str:
372    self.unsupported("TABLESAMPLE unsupported")
373    return self.sql(expression.this)
374
375
376def no_pivot_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Pivot) -> str:
377    self.unsupported("PIVOT unsupported")
378    return ""
379
380
381def no_trycast_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
382    return self.cast_sql(expression)
383
384
385def no_properties_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Properties) -> str:
386    self.unsupported("Properties unsupported")
387    return ""
388
389
390def no_comment_column_constraint_sql(
391    self: Generator, expression: exp.CommentColumnConstraint
392) -> str:
393    self.unsupported("CommentColumnConstraint unsupported")
394    return ""
395
396
397def no_map_from_entries_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.MapFromEntries) -> str:
398    self.unsupported("MAP_FROM_ENTRIES unsupported")
399    return ""
400
401
402def str_position_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.StrPosition) -> str:
403    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
404    substr = self.sql(expression, "substr")
405    position = self.sql(expression, "position")
406    if position:
407        return f"STRPOS(SUBSTR({this}, {position}), {substr}) + {position} - 1"
408    return f"STRPOS({this}, {substr})"
409
410
411def struct_extract_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.StructExtract) -> str:
412    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
413    struct_key = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=expression.expression, quoted=True))
414    return f"{this}.{struct_key}"
415
416
417def var_map_sql(
418    self: Generator, expression: exp.Map | exp.VarMap, map_func_name: str = "MAP"
419) -> str:
420    keys = expression.args["keys"]
421    values = expression.args["values"]
422
423    if not isinstance(keys, exp.Array) or not isinstance(values, exp.Array):
424        self.unsupported("Cannot convert array columns into map.")
425        return self.func(map_func_name, keys, values)
426
427    args = []
428    for key, value in zip(keys.expressions, values.expressions):
429        args.append(self.sql(key))
430        args.append(self.sql(value))
431
432    return self.func(map_func_name, *args)
433
434
435def format_time_lambda(
436    exp_class: t.Type[E], dialect: str, default: t.Optional[bool | str] = None
437) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
438    """Helper used for time expressions.
439
440    Args:
441        exp_class: the expression class to instantiate.
442        dialect: target sql dialect.
443        default: the default format, True being time.
444
445    Returns:
446        A callable that can be used to return the appropriately formatted time expression.
447    """
448
449    def _format_time(args: t.List):
450        return exp_class(
451            this=seq_get(args, 0),
452            format=Dialect[dialect].format_time(
453                seq_get(args, 1)
454                or (Dialect[dialect].TIME_FORMAT if default is True else default or None)
455            ),
456        )
457
458    return _format_time
459
460
461def create_with_partitions_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
462    """
463    In Hive and Spark, the PARTITIONED BY property acts as an extension of a table's schema. When the
464    PARTITIONED BY value is an array of column names, they are transformed into a schema. The corresponding
465    columns are removed from the create statement.
466    """
467    has_schema = isinstance(expression.this, exp.Schema)
468    is_partitionable = expression.args.get("kind") in ("TABLE", "VIEW")
469
470    if has_schema and is_partitionable:
471        expression = expression.copy()
472        prop = expression.find(exp.PartitionedByProperty)
473        if prop and prop.this and not isinstance(prop.this, exp.Schema):
474            schema = expression.this
475            columns = {v.name.upper() for v in prop.this.expressions}
476            partitions = [col for col in schema.expressions if col.name.upper() in columns]
477            schema.set("expressions", [e for e in schema.expressions if e not in partitions])
478            prop.replace(exp.PartitionedByProperty(this=exp.Schema(expressions=partitions)))
479            expression.set("this", schema)
480
481    return self.create_sql(expression)
482
483
484def parse_date_delta(
485    exp_class: t.Type[E], unit_mapping: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, str]] = None
486) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
487    def inner_func(args: t.List) -> E:
488        unit_based = len(args) == 3
489        this = args[2] if unit_based else seq_get(args, 0)
490        unit = args[0] if unit_based else exp.Literal.string("DAY")
491        unit = exp.var(unit_mapping.get(unit.name.lower(), unit.name)) if unit_mapping else unit
492        return exp_class(this=this, expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=unit)
493
494    return inner_func
495
496
497def parse_date_delta_with_interval(
498    expression_class: t.Type[E],
499) -> t.Callable[[t.List], t.Optional[E]]:
500    def func(args: t.List) -> t.Optional[E]:
501        if len(args) < 2:
502            return None
503
504        interval = args[1]
505
506        if not isinstance(interval, exp.Interval):
507            raise ParseError(f"INTERVAL expression expected but got '{interval}'")
508
509        expression = interval.this
510        if expression and expression.is_string:
511            expression = exp.Literal.number(expression.this)
512
513        return expression_class(
514            this=args[0], expression=expression, unit=exp.Literal.string(interval.text("unit"))
515        )
516
517    return func
518
519
520def date_trunc_to_time(args: t.List) -> exp.DateTrunc | exp.TimestampTrunc:
521    unit = seq_get(args, 0)
522    this = seq_get(args, 1)
523
524    if isinstance(this, exp.Cast) and this.is_type("date"):
525        return exp.DateTrunc(unit=unit, this=this)
526    return exp.TimestampTrunc(this=this, unit=unit)
527
528
529def timestamptrunc_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.TimestampTrunc) -> str:
530    return self.func(
531        "DATE_TRUNC", exp.Literal.string(expression.text("unit") or "day"), expression.this
532    )
533
534
535def locate_to_strposition(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
536    return exp.StrPosition(
537        this=seq_get(args, 1), substr=seq_get(args, 0), position=seq_get(args, 2)
538    )
539
540
541def strposition_to_locate_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.StrPosition) -> str:
542    return self.func(
543        "LOCATE", expression.args.get("substr"), expression.this, expression.args.get("position")
544    )
545
546
547def left_to_substring_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
548    expression = expression.copy()
549    return self.sql(
550        exp.Substring(
551            this=expression.this, start=exp.Literal.number(1), length=expression.expression
552        )
553    )
554
555
556def right_to_substring_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
557    expression = expression.copy()
558    return self.sql(
559        exp.Substring(
560            this=expression.this,
561            start=exp.Length(this=expression.this) - exp.paren(expression.expression - 1),
562        )
563    )
564
565
566def timestrtotime_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.TimeStrToTime) -> str:
567    return self.sql(exp.cast(expression.this, "timestamp"))
568
569
570def datestrtodate_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.DateStrToDate) -> str:
571    return self.sql(exp.cast(expression.this, "date"))
572
573
574def min_or_least(self: Generator, expression: exp.Min) -> str:
575    name = "LEAST" if expression.expressions else "MIN"
576    return rename_func(name)(self, expression)
577
578
579def max_or_greatest(self: Generator, expression: exp.Max) -> str:
580    name = "GREATEST" if expression.expressions else "MAX"
581    return rename_func(name)(self, expression)
582
583
584def count_if_to_sum(self: Generator, expression: exp.CountIf) -> str:
585    cond = expression.this
586
587    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Distinct):
588        cond = expression.this.expressions[0]
589        self.unsupported("DISTINCT is not supported when converting COUNT_IF to SUM")
590
591    return self.func("sum", exp.func("if", cond, 1, 0))
592
593
594def trim_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Trim) -> str:
595    target = self.sql(expression, "this")
596    trim_type = self.sql(expression, "position")
597    remove_chars = self.sql(expression, "expression")
598    collation = self.sql(expression, "collation")
599
600    # Use TRIM/LTRIM/RTRIM syntax if the expression isn't database-specific
601    if not remove_chars and not collation:
602        return self.trim_sql(expression)
603
604    trim_type = f"{trim_type} " if trim_type else ""
605    remove_chars = f"{remove_chars} " if remove_chars else ""
606    from_part = "FROM " if trim_type or remove_chars else ""
607    collation = f" COLLATE {collation}" if collation else ""
608    return f"TRIM({trim_type}{remove_chars}{from_part}{target}{collation})"
609
610
611def str_to_time_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
612    return self.func("STRPTIME", expression.this, self.format_time(expression))
613
614
615def ts_or_ds_to_date_sql(dialect: str) -> t.Callable:
616    def _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsToDate) -> str:
617        _dialect = Dialect.get_or_raise(dialect)
618        time_format = self.format_time(expression)
619        if time_format and time_format not in (_dialect.TIME_FORMAT, _dialect.DATE_FORMAT):
620            return self.sql(exp.cast(str_to_time_sql(self, expression), "date"))
621
622        return self.sql(exp.cast(self.sql(expression, "this"), "date"))
623
624    return _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql
625
626
627def concat_to_dpipe_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.Concat | exp.SafeConcat) -> str:
628    this, *rest_args = expression.expressions
629    for arg in rest_args:
630        this = exp.DPipe(this=this, expression=arg)
631
632    return self.sql(this)
633
634
635def regexp_extract_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
636    bad_args = list(filter(expression.args.get, ("position", "occurrence", "parameters")))
637    if bad_args:
638        self.unsupported(f"REGEXP_EXTRACT does not support the following arg(s): {bad_args}")
639
640    return self.func(
641        "REGEXP_EXTRACT", expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("group")
642    )
643
644
645def regexp_replace_sql(self: Generator, expression: exp.RegexpReplace) -> str:
646    bad_args = list(filter(expression.args.get, ("position", "occurrence", "parameters")))
647    if bad_args:
648        self.unsupported(f"REGEXP_REPLACE does not support the following arg(s): {bad_args}")
649
650    return self.func(
651        "REGEXP_REPLACE", expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args["replacement"]
652    )
653
654
655def pivot_column_names(aggregations: t.List[exp.Expression], dialect: DialectType) -> t.List[str]:
656    names = []
657    for agg in aggregations:
658        if isinstance(agg, exp.Alias):
659            names.append(agg.alias)
660        else:
661            """
662            This case corresponds to aggregations without aliases being used as suffixes
663            (e.g. col_avg(foo)). We need to unquote identifiers because they're going to
664            be quoted in the base parser's `_parse_pivot` method, due to `to_identifier`.
665            Otherwise, we'd end up with `col_avg(`foo`)` (notice the double quotes).
666            """
667            agg_all_unquoted = agg.transform(
668                lambda node: exp.Identifier(this=node.name, quoted=False)
669                if isinstance(node, exp.Identifier)
670                else node
671            )
672            names.append(agg_all_unquoted.sql(dialect=dialect, normalize_functions="lower"))
673
674    return names
675
676
677def simplify_literal(expression: E, copy: bool = True) -> E:
678    if not isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Literal):
679        from sqlglot.optimizer.simplify import simplify
680
681        expression = exp.maybe_copy(expression, copy)
682        simplify(expression.expression)
683
684    return expression
685
686
687def binary_from_function(expr_type: t.Type[B]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], B]:
688    return lambda args: expr_type(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1))