sqlglot.dialects.postgres
1from __future__ import annotations 2 3import typing as t 4 5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import ( 7 Dialect, 8 any_value_to_max_sql, 9 arrow_json_extract_scalar_sql, 10 arrow_json_extract_sql, 11 datestrtodate_sql, 12 format_time_lambda, 13 max_or_greatest, 14 min_or_least, 15 no_map_from_entries_sql, 16 no_paren_current_date_sql, 17 no_pivot_sql, 18 no_tablesample_sql, 19 no_trycast_sql, 20 parse_timestamp_trunc, 21 rename_func, 22 simplify_literal, 23 str_position_sql, 24 timestamptrunc_sql, 25 timestrtotime_sql, 26 trim_sql, 27 ts_or_ds_to_date_sql, 28) 29from sqlglot.helper import seq_get 30from sqlglot.parser import binary_range_parser 31from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType 32 33DATE_DIFF_FACTOR = { 34 "MICROSECOND": " * 1000000", 35 "MILLISECOND": " * 1000", 36 "SECOND": "", 37 "MINUTE": " / 60", 38 "HOUR": " / 3600", 39 "DAY": " / 86400", 40} 41 42 43def _date_add_sql(kind: str) -> t.Callable[[Postgres.Generator, exp.DateAdd | exp.DateSub], str]: 44 def func(self: Postgres.Generator, expression: exp.DateAdd | exp.DateSub) -> str: 45 expression = expression.copy() 46 47 this = self.sql(expression, "this") 48 unit = expression.args.get("unit") 49 50 expression = simplify_literal(expression).expression 51 if not isinstance(expression, exp.Literal): 52 self.unsupported("Cannot add non literal") 53 54 expression.args["is_string"] = True 55 return f"{this} {kind} {self.sql(exp.Interval(this=expression, unit=unit))}" 56 57 return func 58 59 60def _date_diff_sql(self: Postgres.Generator, expression: exp.DateDiff) -> str: 61 unit = expression.text("unit").upper() 62 factor = DATE_DIFF_FACTOR.get(unit) 63 64 end = f"CAST({expression.this} AS TIMESTAMP)" 65 start = f"CAST({expression.expression} AS TIMESTAMP)" 66 67 if factor is not None: 68 return f"CAST(EXTRACT(epoch FROM {end} - {start}){factor} AS BIGINT)" 69 70 age = f"AGE({end}, {start})" 71 72 if unit == "WEEK": 73 unit = f"EXTRACT(year FROM {age}) * 48 + EXTRACT(month FROM {age}) * 4 + EXTRACT(day FROM {age}) / 7" 74 elif unit == "MONTH": 75 unit = f"EXTRACT(year FROM {age}) * 12 + EXTRACT(month FROM {age})" 76 elif unit == "QUARTER": 77 unit = f"EXTRACT(year FROM {age}) * 4 + EXTRACT(month FROM {age}) / 3" 78 elif unit == "YEAR": 79 unit = f"EXTRACT(year FROM {age})" 80 else: 81 unit = age 82 83 return f"CAST({unit} AS BIGINT)" 84 85 86def _substring_sql(self: Postgres.Generator, expression: exp.Substring) -> str: 87 this = self.sql(expression, "this") 88 start = self.sql(expression, "start") 89 length = self.sql(expression, "length") 90 91 from_part = f" FROM {start}" if start else "" 92 for_part = f" FOR {length}" if length else "" 93 94 return f"SUBSTRING({this}{from_part}{for_part})" 95 96 97def _string_agg_sql(self: Postgres.Generator, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str: 98 expression = expression.copy() 99 separator = expression.args.get("separator") or exp.Literal.string(",") 100 101 order = "" 102 this = expression.this 103 if isinstance(this, exp.Order): 104 if this.this: 105 this = this.this.pop() 106 order = self.sql(expression.this) # Order has a leading space 107 108 return f"STRING_AGG({self.format_args(this, separator)}{order})" 109 110 111def _datatype_sql(self: Postgres.Generator, expression: exp.DataType) -> str: 112 if expression.is_type("array"): 113 return f"{self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}[]" 114 return self.datatype_sql(expression) 115 116 117def _auto_increment_to_serial(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression: 118 auto = expression.find(exp.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint) 119 120 if auto: 121 expression = expression.copy() 122 expression.args["constraints"].remove(auto.parent) 123 kind = expression.args["kind"] 124 125 if kind.this == exp.DataType.Type.INT: 126 kind.replace(exp.DataType(this=exp.DataType.Type.SERIAL)) 127 elif kind.this == exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: 128 kind.replace(exp.DataType(this=exp.DataType.Type.SMALLSERIAL)) 129 elif kind.this == exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: 130 kind.replace(exp.DataType(this=exp.DataType.Type.BIGSERIAL)) 131 132 return expression 133 134 135def _serial_to_generated(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression: 136 kind = expression.args["kind"] 137 138 if kind.this == exp.DataType.Type.SERIAL: 139 data_type = exp.DataType(this=exp.DataType.Type.INT) 140 elif kind.this == exp.DataType.Type.SMALLSERIAL: 141 data_type = exp.DataType(this=exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT) 142 elif kind.this == exp.DataType.Type.BIGSERIAL: 143 data_type = exp.DataType(this=exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT) 144 else: 145 data_type = None 146 147 if data_type: 148 expression = expression.copy() 149 expression.args["kind"].replace(data_type) 150 constraints = expression.args["constraints"] 151 generated = exp.ColumnConstraint(kind=exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint(this=False)) 152 notnull = exp.ColumnConstraint(kind=exp.NotNullColumnConstraint()) 153 154 if notnull not in constraints: 155 constraints.insert(0, notnull) 156 if generated not in constraints: 157 constraints.insert(0, generated) 158 159 return expression 160 161 162def _generate_series(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression: 163 # The goal is to convert step values like '1 day' or INTERVAL '1 day' into INTERVAL '1' day 164 step = seq_get(args, 2) 165 166 if step is None: 167 # Postgres allows calls with just two arguments -- the "step" argument defaults to 1 168 return exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list(args) 169 170 if step.is_string: 171 args[2] = exp.to_interval(step.this) 172 elif isinstance(step, exp.Interval) and not step.args.get("unit"): 173 args[2] = exp.to_interval(step.this.this) 174 175 return exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list(args) 176 177 178def _to_timestamp(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression: 179 # TO_TIMESTAMP accepts either a single double argument or (text, text) 180 if len(args) == 1: 181 # https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-TABLE 182 return exp.UnixToTime.from_arg_list(args) 183 184 # https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-formatting.html 185 return format_time_lambda(exp.StrToTime, "postgres")(args) 186 187 188def _remove_target_from_merge(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression: 189 """Remove table refs from columns in when statements.""" 190 if isinstance(expression, exp.Merge): 191 alias = expression.this.args.get("alias") 192 193 normalize = ( 194 lambda identifier: Postgres.normalize_identifier(identifier).name 195 if identifier 196 else None 197 ) 198 199 targets = {normalize(expression.this.this)} 200 201 if alias: 202 targets.add(normalize(alias.this)) 203 204 for when in expression.expressions: 205 when.transform( 206 lambda node: exp.column(node.name) 207 if isinstance(node, exp.Column) and normalize(node.args.get("table")) in targets 208 else node, 209 copy=False, 210 ) 211 212 return expression 213 214 215class Postgres(Dialect): 216 INDEX_OFFSET = 1 217 NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large" 218 TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'" 219 TIME_MAPPING = { 220 "AM": "%p", 221 "PM": "%p", 222 "D": "%u", # 1-based day of week 223 "DD": "%d", # day of month 224 "DDD": "%j", # zero padded day of year 225 "FMDD": "%-d", # - is no leading zero for Python; same for FM in postgres 226 "FMDDD": "%-j", # day of year 227 "FMHH12": "%-I", # 9 228 "FMHH24": "%-H", # 9 229 "FMMI": "%-M", # Minute 230 "FMMM": "%-m", # 1 231 "FMSS": "%-S", # Second 232 "HH12": "%I", # 09 233 "HH24": "%H", # 09 234 "MI": "%M", # zero padded minute 235 "MM": "%m", # 01 236 "OF": "%z", # utc offset 237 "SS": "%S", # zero padded second 238 "TMDay": "%A", # TM is locale dependent 239 "TMDy": "%a", 240 "TMMon": "%b", # Sep 241 "TMMonth": "%B", # September 242 "TZ": "%Z", # uppercase timezone name 243 "US": "%f", # zero padded microsecond 244 "WW": "%U", # 1-based week of year 245 "YY": "%y", # 15 246 "YYYY": "%Y", # 2015 247 } 248 249 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 250 QUOTES = ["'", "$$"] 251 252 BIT_STRINGS = [("b'", "'"), ("B'", "'")] 253 HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")] 254 BYTE_STRINGS = [("e'", "'"), ("E'", "'")] 255 256 KEYWORDS = { 257 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 258 "~~": TokenType.LIKE, 259 "~~*": TokenType.ILIKE, 260 "~*": TokenType.IRLIKE, 261 "~": TokenType.RLIKE, 262 "@@": TokenType.DAT, 263 "@>": TokenType.AT_GT, 264 "<@": TokenType.LT_AT, 265 "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND, 266 "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN, 267 "BIGSERIAL": TokenType.BIGSERIAL, 268 "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 269 "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND, 270 "DO": TokenType.COMMAND, 271 "HSTORE": TokenType.HSTORE, 272 "JSONB": TokenType.JSONB, 273 "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY, 274 "REFRESH": TokenType.COMMAND, 275 "REINDEX": TokenType.COMMAND, 276 "RESET": TokenType.COMMAND, 277 "REVOKE": TokenType.COMMAND, 278 "SERIAL": TokenType.SERIAL, 279 "SMALLSERIAL": TokenType.SMALLSERIAL, 280 "TEMP": TokenType.TEMPORARY, 281 "CSTRING": TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE, 282 "OID": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 283 "REGCLASS": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 284 "REGCOLLATION": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 285 "REGCONFIG": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 286 "REGDICTIONARY": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 287 "REGNAMESPACE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 288 "REGOPER": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 289 "REGOPERATOR": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 290 "REGPROC": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 291 "REGPROCEDURE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 292 "REGROLE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 293 "REGTYPE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 294 } 295 296 SINGLE_TOKENS = { 297 **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS, 298 "$": TokenType.PARAMETER, 299 } 300 301 VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"} 302 303 class Parser(parser.Parser): 304 CONCAT_NULL_OUTPUTS_STRING = True 305 306 FUNCTIONS = { 307 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 308 "DATE_TRUNC": parse_timestamp_trunc, 309 "GENERATE_SERIES": _generate_series, 310 "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list, 311 "TO_CHAR": format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "postgres"), 312 "TO_TIMESTAMP": _to_timestamp, 313 "UNNEST": exp.Explode.from_arg_list, 314 } 315 316 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 317 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 318 "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(), 319 } 320 321 BITWISE = { 322 **parser.Parser.BITWISE, 323 TokenType.HASH: exp.BitwiseXor, 324 } 325 326 EXPONENT = { 327 TokenType.CARET: exp.Pow, 328 } 329 330 RANGE_PARSERS = { 331 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 332 TokenType.DAMP: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayOverlaps), 333 TokenType.DAT: lambda self, this: self.expression( 334 exp.MatchAgainst, this=self._parse_bitwise(), expressions=[this] 335 ), 336 TokenType.AT_GT: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayContains), 337 TokenType.LT_AT: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayContained), 338 } 339 340 STATEMENT_PARSERS = { 341 **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS, 342 TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_commit_or_rollback(), 343 } 344 345 def _parse_factor(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 346 return self._parse_tokens(self._parse_exponent, self.FACTOR) 347 348 def _parse_exponent(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 349 return self._parse_tokens(self._parse_unary, self.EXPONENT) 350 351 def _parse_date_part(self) -> exp.Expression: 352 part = self._parse_type() 353 self._match(TokenType.COMMA) 354 value = self._parse_bitwise() 355 356 if part and part.is_string: 357 part = exp.var(part.name) 358 359 return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=part, expression=value) 360 361 class Generator(generator.Generator): 362 SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True 363 LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED = True 364 JOIN_HINTS = False 365 TABLE_HINTS = False 366 QUERY_HINTS = False 367 NVL2_SUPPORTED = False 368 PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$" 369 370 TYPE_MAPPING = { 371 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 372 exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "SMALLINT", 373 exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL", 374 exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "DOUBLE PRECISION", 375 exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTEA", 376 exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTEA", 377 exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP", 378 } 379 380 TRANSFORMS = { 381 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 382 exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql, 383 exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"), 384 exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#"), 385 exp.ColumnDef: transforms.preprocess([_auto_increment_to_serial, _serial_to_generated]), 386 exp.Explode: rename_func("UNNEST"), 387 exp.JSONExtract: arrow_json_extract_sql, 388 exp.JSONExtractScalar: arrow_json_extract_scalar_sql, 389 exp.JSONBExtract: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#>"), 390 exp.JSONBExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#>>"), 391 exp.JSONBContains: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "?"), 392 exp.Pow: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "^"), 393 exp.CurrentDate: no_paren_current_date_sql, 394 exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP", 395 exp.DateAdd: _date_add_sql("+"), 396 exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql, 397 exp.DateSub: _date_add_sql("-"), 398 exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql, 399 exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"), 400 exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"), 401 exp.Max: max_or_greatest, 402 exp.MapFromEntries: no_map_from_entries_sql, 403 exp.Min: min_or_least, 404 exp.ArrayOverlaps: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "&&"), 405 exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "@>"), 406 exp.ArrayContained: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "<@"), 407 exp.Merge: transforms.preprocess([_remove_target_from_merge]), 408 exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql, 409 exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "~"), 410 exp.RegexpILike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "~*"), 411 exp.StrPosition: str_position_sql, 412 exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 413 exp.Substring: _substring_sql, 414 exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql, 415 exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql, 416 exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: f"TO_CHAR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 417 exp.TableSample: no_tablesample_sql, 418 exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e), 419 exp.Trim: trim_sql, 420 exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql, 421 exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("postgres"), 422 exp.UnixToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')})", 423 exp.DataType: _datatype_sql, 424 exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql, 425 exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"{self.normalize_func('ARRAY')}({self.sql(e.expressions[0])})" 426 if isinstance(seq_get(e.expressions, 0), exp.Select) 427 else f"{self.normalize_func('ARRAY')}[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]", 428 } 429 430 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 431 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 432 exp.TransientProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 433 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 434 } 435 436 def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str: 437 """Forms like ARRAY[1, 2, 3][3] aren't allowed; we need to wrap the ARRAY.""" 438 if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Array): 439 expression = expression.copy() 440 expression.set("this", exp.paren(expression.this, copy=False)) 441 442 return super().bracket_sql(expression) 443 444 def matchagainst_sql(self, expression: exp.MatchAgainst) -> str: 445 this = self.sql(expression, "this") 446 expressions = [f"{self.sql(e)} @@ {this}" for e in expression.expressions] 447 sql = " OR ".join(expressions) 448 return f"({sql})" if len(expressions) > 1 else sql
DATE_DIFF_FACTOR =
{'MICROSECOND': ' * 1000000', 'MILLISECOND': ' * 1000', 'SECOND': '', 'MINUTE': ' / 60', 'HOUR': ' / 3600', 'DAY': ' / 86400'}
216class Postgres(Dialect): 217 INDEX_OFFSET = 1 218 NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large" 219 TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'" 220 TIME_MAPPING = { 221 "AM": "%p", 222 "PM": "%p", 223 "D": "%u", # 1-based day of week 224 "DD": "%d", # day of month 225 "DDD": "%j", # zero padded day of year 226 "FMDD": "%-d", # - is no leading zero for Python; same for FM in postgres 227 "FMDDD": "%-j", # day of year 228 "FMHH12": "%-I", # 9 229 "FMHH24": "%-H", # 9 230 "FMMI": "%-M", # Minute 231 "FMMM": "%-m", # 1 232 "FMSS": "%-S", # Second 233 "HH12": "%I", # 09 234 "HH24": "%H", # 09 235 "MI": "%M", # zero padded minute 236 "MM": "%m", # 01 237 "OF": "%z", # utc offset 238 "SS": "%S", # zero padded second 239 "TMDay": "%A", # TM is locale dependent 240 "TMDy": "%a", 241 "TMMon": "%b", # Sep 242 "TMMonth": "%B", # September 243 "TZ": "%Z", # uppercase timezone name 244 "US": "%f", # zero padded microsecond 245 "WW": "%U", # 1-based week of year 246 "YY": "%y", # 15 247 "YYYY": "%Y", # 2015 248 } 249 250 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 251 QUOTES = ["'", "$$"] 252 253 BIT_STRINGS = [("b'", "'"), ("B'", "'")] 254 HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")] 255 BYTE_STRINGS = [("e'", "'"), ("E'", "'")] 256 257 KEYWORDS = { 258 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 259 "~~": TokenType.LIKE, 260 "~~*": TokenType.ILIKE, 261 "~*": TokenType.IRLIKE, 262 "~": TokenType.RLIKE, 263 "@@": TokenType.DAT, 264 "@>": TokenType.AT_GT, 265 "<@": TokenType.LT_AT, 266 "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND, 267 "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN, 268 "BIGSERIAL": TokenType.BIGSERIAL, 269 "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 270 "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND, 271 "DO": TokenType.COMMAND, 272 "HSTORE": TokenType.HSTORE, 273 "JSONB": TokenType.JSONB, 274 "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY, 275 "REFRESH": TokenType.COMMAND, 276 "REINDEX": TokenType.COMMAND, 277 "RESET": TokenType.COMMAND, 278 "REVOKE": TokenType.COMMAND, 279 "SERIAL": TokenType.SERIAL, 280 "SMALLSERIAL": TokenType.SMALLSERIAL, 281 "TEMP": TokenType.TEMPORARY, 282 "CSTRING": TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE, 283 "OID": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 284 "REGCLASS": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 285 "REGCOLLATION": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 286 "REGCONFIG": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 287 "REGDICTIONARY": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 288 "REGNAMESPACE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 289 "REGOPER": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 290 "REGOPERATOR": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 291 "REGPROC": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 292 "REGPROCEDURE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 293 "REGROLE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 294 "REGTYPE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 295 } 296 297 SINGLE_TOKENS = { 298 **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS, 299 "$": TokenType.PARAMETER, 300 } 301 302 VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"} 303 304 class Parser(parser.Parser): 305 CONCAT_NULL_OUTPUTS_STRING = True 306 307 FUNCTIONS = { 308 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 309 "DATE_TRUNC": parse_timestamp_trunc, 310 "GENERATE_SERIES": _generate_series, 311 "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list, 312 "TO_CHAR": format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "postgres"), 313 "TO_TIMESTAMP": _to_timestamp, 314 "UNNEST": exp.Explode.from_arg_list, 315 } 316 317 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 318 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 319 "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(), 320 } 321 322 BITWISE = { 323 **parser.Parser.BITWISE, 324 TokenType.HASH: exp.BitwiseXor, 325 } 326 327 EXPONENT = { 328 TokenType.CARET: exp.Pow, 329 } 330 331 RANGE_PARSERS = { 332 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 333 TokenType.DAMP: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayOverlaps), 334 TokenType.DAT: lambda self, this: self.expression( 335 exp.MatchAgainst, this=self._parse_bitwise(), expressions=[this] 336 ), 337 TokenType.AT_GT: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayContains), 338 TokenType.LT_AT: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayContained), 339 } 340 341 STATEMENT_PARSERS = { 342 **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS, 343 TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_commit_or_rollback(), 344 } 345 346 def _parse_factor(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 347 return self._parse_tokens(self._parse_exponent, self.FACTOR) 348 349 def _parse_exponent(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 350 return self._parse_tokens(self._parse_unary, self.EXPONENT) 351 352 def _parse_date_part(self) -> exp.Expression: 353 part = self._parse_type() 354 self._match(TokenType.COMMA) 355 value = self._parse_bitwise() 356 357 if part and part.is_string: 358 part = exp.var(part.name) 359 360 return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=part, expression=value) 361 362 class Generator(generator.Generator): 363 SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True 364 LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED = True 365 JOIN_HINTS = False 366 TABLE_HINTS = False 367 QUERY_HINTS = False 368 NVL2_SUPPORTED = False 369 PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$" 370 371 TYPE_MAPPING = { 372 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 373 exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "SMALLINT", 374 exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL", 375 exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "DOUBLE PRECISION", 376 exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTEA", 377 exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTEA", 378 exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP", 379 } 380 381 TRANSFORMS = { 382 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 383 exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql, 384 exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"), 385 exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#"), 386 exp.ColumnDef: transforms.preprocess([_auto_increment_to_serial, _serial_to_generated]), 387 exp.Explode: rename_func("UNNEST"), 388 exp.JSONExtract: arrow_json_extract_sql, 389 exp.JSONExtractScalar: arrow_json_extract_scalar_sql, 390 exp.JSONBExtract: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#>"), 391 exp.JSONBExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#>>"), 392 exp.JSONBContains: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "?"), 393 exp.Pow: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "^"), 394 exp.CurrentDate: no_paren_current_date_sql, 395 exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP", 396 exp.DateAdd: _date_add_sql("+"), 397 exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql, 398 exp.DateSub: _date_add_sql("-"), 399 exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql, 400 exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"), 401 exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"), 402 exp.Max: max_or_greatest, 403 exp.MapFromEntries: no_map_from_entries_sql, 404 exp.Min: min_or_least, 405 exp.ArrayOverlaps: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "&&"), 406 exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "@>"), 407 exp.ArrayContained: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "<@"), 408 exp.Merge: transforms.preprocess([_remove_target_from_merge]), 409 exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql, 410 exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "~"), 411 exp.RegexpILike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "~*"), 412 exp.StrPosition: str_position_sql, 413 exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 414 exp.Substring: _substring_sql, 415 exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql, 416 exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql, 417 exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: f"TO_CHAR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 418 exp.TableSample: no_tablesample_sql, 419 exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e), 420 exp.Trim: trim_sql, 421 exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql, 422 exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("postgres"), 423 exp.UnixToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')})", 424 exp.DataType: _datatype_sql, 425 exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql, 426 exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"{self.normalize_func('ARRAY')}({self.sql(e.expressions[0])})" 427 if isinstance(seq_get(e.expressions, 0), exp.Select) 428 else f"{self.normalize_func('ARRAY')}[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]", 429 } 430 431 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 432 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 433 exp.TransientProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 434 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 435 } 436 437 def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str: 438 """Forms like ARRAY[1, 2, 3][3] aren't allowed; we need to wrap the ARRAY.""" 439 if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Array): 440 expression = expression.copy() 441 expression.set("this", exp.paren(expression.this, copy=False)) 442 443 return super().bracket_sql(expression) 444 445 def matchagainst_sql(self, expression: exp.MatchAgainst) -> str: 446 this = self.sql(expression, "this") 447 expressions = [f"{self.sql(e)} @@ {this}" for e in expression.expressions] 448 sql = " OR ".join(expressions) 449 return f"({sql})" if len(expressions) > 1 else sql
TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] =
{'AM': '%p', 'PM': '%p', 'D': '%u', 'DD': '%d', 'DDD': '%j', 'FMDD': '%-d', 'FMDDD': '%-j', 'FMHH12': '%-I', 'FMHH24': '%-H', 'FMMI': '%-M', 'FMMM': '%-m', 'FMSS': '%-S', 'HH12': '%I', 'HH24': '%H', 'MI': '%M', 'MM': '%m', 'OF': '%z', 'SS': '%S', 'TMDay': '%A', 'TMDy': '%a', 'TMMon': '%b', 'TMMonth': '%B', 'TZ': '%Z', 'US': '%f', 'WW': '%U', 'YY': '%y', 'YYYY': '%Y'}
tokenizer_class =
<class 'Postgres.Tokenizer'>
parser_class =
<class 'Postgres.Parser'>
generator_class =
<class 'Postgres.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict =
{'A': {'M': {0: True}}, 'P': {'M': {0: True}}, 'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True}}}, 'F': {'M': {'D': {'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True}}}, 'H': {'H': {'1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'M': {'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}, 'H': {'H': {'1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'M': {'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}}, 'O': {'F': {0: True}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 'T': {'M': {'D': {'a': {'y': {0: True}}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'M': {'o': {'n': {0: True, 't': {'h': {0: True}}}}}}, 'Z': {0: True}}, 'U': {'S': {0: True}}, 'W': {'W': {0: True}}, 'Y': {'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict =
{'A': {'M': {0: True}}, 'P': {'M': {0: True}}, 'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True}}}, 'F': {'M': {'D': {'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True}}}, 'H': {'H': {'1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'M': {'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}, 'H': {'H': {'1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'M': {'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}}, 'O': {'F': {0: True}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 'T': {'M': {'D': {'a': {'y': {0: True}}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'M': {'o': {'n': {0: True, 't': {'h': {0: True}}}}}}, 'Z': {0: True}}, 'U': {'S': {0: True}}, 'W': {'W': {0: True}}, 'Y': {'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] =
{'%p': 'PM', '%u': 'D', '%d': 'DD', '%j': 'DDD', '%-d': 'FMDD', '%-j': 'FMDDD', '%-I': 'FMHH12', '%-H': 'FMHH24', '%-M': 'FMMI', '%-m': 'FMMM', '%-S': 'FMSS', '%I': 'HH12', '%H': 'HH24', '%M': 'MI', '%m': 'MM', '%z': 'OF', '%S': 'SS', '%A': 'TMDay', '%a': 'TMDy', '%b': 'TMMon', '%B': 'TMMonth', '%Z': 'TZ', '%f': 'US', '%U': 'WW', '%y': 'YY', '%Y': 'YYYY'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict =
{'%': {'p': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'z': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'A': {0: True}, 'a': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'Z': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}, 'U': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}}
Inherited Members
- sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect
- UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
- ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE
- RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE
- IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT
- DPIPE_IS_STRING_CONCAT
- STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
- NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
- DATE_FORMAT
- DATEINT_FORMAT
- FORMAT_MAPPING
- PSEUDOCOLUMNS
- get_or_raise
- format_time
- normalize_identifier
- case_sensitive
- can_identify
- quote_identifier
- parse
- parse_into
- generate
- transpile
- tokenize
- tokenizer
- parser
- generator
250 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 251 QUOTES = ["'", "$$"] 252 253 BIT_STRINGS = [("b'", "'"), ("B'", "'")] 254 HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")] 255 BYTE_STRINGS = [("e'", "'"), ("E'", "'")] 256 257 KEYWORDS = { 258 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 259 "~~": TokenType.LIKE, 260 "~~*": TokenType.ILIKE, 261 "~*": TokenType.IRLIKE, 262 "~": TokenType.RLIKE, 263 "@@": TokenType.DAT, 264 "@>": TokenType.AT_GT, 265 "<@": TokenType.LT_AT, 266 "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND, 267 "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN, 268 "BIGSERIAL": TokenType.BIGSERIAL, 269 "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 270 "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND, 271 "DO": TokenType.COMMAND, 272 "HSTORE": TokenType.HSTORE, 273 "JSONB": TokenType.JSONB, 274 "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY, 275 "REFRESH": TokenType.COMMAND, 276 "REINDEX": TokenType.COMMAND, 277 "RESET": TokenType.COMMAND, 278 "REVOKE": TokenType.COMMAND, 279 "SERIAL": TokenType.SERIAL, 280 "SMALLSERIAL": TokenType.SMALLSERIAL, 281 "TEMP": TokenType.TEMPORARY, 282 "CSTRING": TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE, 283 "OID": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 284 "REGCLASS": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 285 "REGCOLLATION": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 286 "REGCONFIG": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 287 "REGDICTIONARY": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 288 "REGNAMESPACE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 289 "REGOPER": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 290 "REGOPERATOR": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 291 "REGPROC": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 292 "REGPROCEDURE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 293 "REGROLE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 294 "REGTYPE": TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, 295 } 296 297 SINGLE_TOKENS = { 298 **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS, 299 "$": TokenType.PARAMETER, 300 } 301 302 VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
KEYWORDS =
{'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '/*+': <TokenType.HINT: 'HINT'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, '~': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, '@@': <TokenType.DAT: 'DAT'>, '@>': <TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>, '<@': <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>, 'BEGIN TRANSACTION': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BIGSERIAL': <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'DECLARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'DO': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'HSTORE': <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'MONEY': <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, 'REFRESH': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'REINDEX': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RESET': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'REVOKE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'SERIAL': <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, 'SMALLSERIAL': <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, 'CSTRING': <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, 'OID': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGCLASS': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGCOLLATION': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGCONFIG': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGDICTIONARY': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGNAMESPACE': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGOPER': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGOPERATOR': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGPROC': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGPROCEDURE': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGROLE': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, 'REGTYPE': <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>}
SINGLE_TOKENS =
{'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, "'": <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>, '`': <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, '"': <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
304 class Parser(parser.Parser): 305 CONCAT_NULL_OUTPUTS_STRING = True 306 307 FUNCTIONS = { 308 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 309 "DATE_TRUNC": parse_timestamp_trunc, 310 "GENERATE_SERIES": _generate_series, 311 "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list, 312 "TO_CHAR": format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "postgres"), 313 "TO_TIMESTAMP": _to_timestamp, 314 "UNNEST": exp.Explode.from_arg_list, 315 } 316 317 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 318 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 319 "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(), 320 } 321 322 BITWISE = { 323 **parser.Parser.BITWISE, 324 TokenType.HASH: exp.BitwiseXor, 325 } 326 327 EXPONENT = { 328 TokenType.CARET: exp.Pow, 329 } 330 331 RANGE_PARSERS = { 332 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 333 TokenType.DAMP: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayOverlaps), 334 TokenType.DAT: lambda self, this: self.expression( 335 exp.MatchAgainst, this=self._parse_bitwise(), expressions=[this] 336 ), 337 TokenType.AT_GT: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayContains), 338 TokenType.LT_AT: binary_range_parser(exp.ArrayContained), 339 } 340 341 STATEMENT_PARSERS = { 342 **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS, 343 TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_commit_or_rollback(), 344 } 345 346 def _parse_factor(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 347 return self._parse_tokens(self._parse_exponent, self.FACTOR) 348 349 def _parse_exponent(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 350 return self._parse_tokens(self._parse_unary, self.EXPONENT) 351 352 def _parse_date_part(self) -> exp.Expression: 353 part = self._parse_type() 354 self._match(TokenType.COMMA) 355 value = self._parse_bitwise() 356 357 if part and part.is_string: 358 part = exp.var(part.name) 359 360 return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=part, expression=value)
Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.
Arguments:
- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: Determines the amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
FUNCTIONS =
{'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayJoin'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'COALESCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'IFNULL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'NVL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Concat'>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConcatWs'>>, 'COUNT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function parse_timestamp_trunc>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <function _generate_series>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hex'>>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DATE_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDateOfMonth'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log'>>, 'LOG10': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log10'>>, 'LOG2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log2'>>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeConcat'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SET_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetAgg'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <function format_time_lambda.<locals>._format_time>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UPPER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function parse_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function parse_like>, 'NOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _to_timestamp>, 'UNNEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS =
{'ANY_VALUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_PART': <function Postgres.Parser.<lambda>>}
BITWISE =
{<TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>, <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>, <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>, <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDPipe'>, <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>}
EXPONENT =
{<TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>}
RANGE_PARSERS =
{<TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DAT: 'DAT'>: <function Postgres.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS =
{<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>: <function Postgres.Parser.<lambda>>}
SET_TRIE: Dict =
{'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict =
{'A': {'M': {0: True}}, 'P': {'M': {0: True}}, 'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True}}}, 'F': {'M': {'D': {'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True}}}, 'H': {'H': {'1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'M': {'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}, 'H': {'H': {'1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'M': {'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}}, 'O': {'F': {0: True}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 'T': {'M': {'D': {'a': {'y': {0: True}}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'M': {'o': {'n': {0: True, 't': {'h': {0: True}}}}}}, 'Z': {0: True}}, 'U': {'S': {0: True}}, 'W': {'W': {0: True}}, 'Y': {'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}}}}
TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] =
{'AM': '%p', 'PM': '%p', 'D': '%u', 'DD': '%d', 'DDD': '%j', 'FMDD': '%-d', 'FMDDD': '%-j', 'FMHH12': '%-I', 'FMHH24': '%-H', 'FMMI': '%-M', 'FMMM': '%-m', 'FMSS': '%-S', 'HH12': '%I', 'HH24': '%H', 'MI': '%M', 'MM': '%m', 'OF': '%z', 'SS': '%S', 'TMDay': '%A', 'TMDy': '%a', 'TMMon': '%b', 'TMMonth': '%B', 'TZ': '%Z', 'US': '%f', 'WW': '%U', 'YY': '%y', 'YYYY': '%Y'}
TIME_TRIE: Dict =
{'A': {'M': {0: True}}, 'P': {'M': {0: True}}, 'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True}}}, 'F': {'M': {'D': {'D': {0: True, 'D': {0: True}}}, 'H': {'H': {'1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'M': {'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}, 'H': {'H': {'1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'M': {'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}}, 'O': {'F': {0: True}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 'T': {'M': {'D': {'a': {'y': {0: True}}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'M': {'o': {'n': {0: True, 't': {'h': {0: True}}}}}}, 'Z': {0: True}}, 'U': {'S': {0: True}}, 'W': {'W': {0: True}}, 'Y': {'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}}}}
Inherited Members
- sqlglot.parser.Parser
- Parser
- NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
- STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
- NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
- ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
- TYPE_TOKENS
- SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
- SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
- RESERVED_KEYWORDS
- DB_CREATABLES
- CREATABLES
- ID_VAR_TOKENS
- INTERVAL_VARS
- TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
- COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
- UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
- TRIM_TYPES
- FUNC_TOKENS
- CONJUNCTION
- EQUALITY
- COMPARISON
- TERM
- FACTOR
- TIMES
- TIMESTAMPS
- SET_OPERATIONS
- JOIN_METHODS
- JOIN_SIDES
- JOIN_KINDS
- JOIN_HINTS
- LAMBDAS
- COLUMN_OPERATORS
- EXPRESSION_PARSERS
- UNARY_PARSERS
- PRIMARY_PARSERS
- PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
- PROPERTY_PARSERS
- CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
- ALTER_PARSERS
- SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
- NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
- INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
- FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
- QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
- SET_PARSERS
- SHOW_PARSERS
- TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
- MODIFIABLES
- DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
- PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
- TRANSACTION_KIND
- TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
- INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
- CLONE_KINDS
- TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
- WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
- WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
- WINDOW_SIDES
- ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
- DISTINCT_TOKENS
- STRICT_CAST
- PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
- IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
- LOG_BASE_FIRST
- LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
- SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES
- ALTER_TABLE_ADD_COLUMN_KEYWORD
- TABLESAMPLE_CSV
- UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
- ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE
- STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
- NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
- FORMAT_MAPPING
- error_level
- error_message_context
- max_errors
- reset
- parse
- parse_into
- check_errors
- raise_error
- expression
- validate_expression
- errors
- sql
362 class Generator(generator.Generator): 363 SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True 364 LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED = True 365 JOIN_HINTS = False 366 TABLE_HINTS = False 367 QUERY_HINTS = False 368 NVL2_SUPPORTED = False 369 PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$" 370 371 TYPE_MAPPING = { 372 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 373 exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "SMALLINT", 374 exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL", 375 exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "DOUBLE PRECISION", 376 exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTEA", 377 exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTEA", 378 exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP", 379 } 380 381 TRANSFORMS = { 382 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 383 exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql, 384 exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"), 385 exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#"), 386 exp.ColumnDef: transforms.preprocess([_auto_increment_to_serial, _serial_to_generated]), 387 exp.Explode: rename_func("UNNEST"), 388 exp.JSONExtract: arrow_json_extract_sql, 389 exp.JSONExtractScalar: arrow_json_extract_scalar_sql, 390 exp.JSONBExtract: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#>"), 391 exp.JSONBExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "#>>"), 392 exp.JSONBContains: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "?"), 393 exp.Pow: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "^"), 394 exp.CurrentDate: no_paren_current_date_sql, 395 exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP", 396 exp.DateAdd: _date_add_sql("+"), 397 exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql, 398 exp.DateSub: _date_add_sql("-"), 399 exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql, 400 exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"), 401 exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"), 402 exp.Max: max_or_greatest, 403 exp.MapFromEntries: no_map_from_entries_sql, 404 exp.Min: min_or_least, 405 exp.ArrayOverlaps: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "&&"), 406 exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "@>"), 407 exp.ArrayContained: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "<@"), 408 exp.Merge: transforms.preprocess([_remove_target_from_merge]), 409 exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql, 410 exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "~"), 411 exp.RegexpILike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "~*"), 412 exp.StrPosition: str_position_sql, 413 exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 414 exp.Substring: _substring_sql, 415 exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql, 416 exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql, 417 exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: f"TO_CHAR({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 418 exp.TableSample: no_tablesample_sql, 419 exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e), 420 exp.Trim: trim_sql, 421 exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql, 422 exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("postgres"), 423 exp.UnixToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')})", 424 exp.DataType: _datatype_sql, 425 exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql, 426 exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"{self.normalize_func('ARRAY')}({self.sql(e.expressions[0])})" 427 if isinstance(seq_get(e.expressions, 0), exp.Select) 428 else f"{self.normalize_func('ARRAY')}[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]", 429 } 430 431 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 432 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 433 exp.TransientProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 434 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 435 } 436 437 def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str: 438 """Forms like ARRAY[1, 2, 3][3] aren't allowed; we need to wrap the ARRAY.""" 439 if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Array): 440 expression = expression.copy() 441 expression.set("this", exp.paren(expression.this, copy=False)) 442 443 return super().bracket_sql(expression) 444 445 def matchagainst_sql(self, expression: exp.MatchAgainst) -> str: 446 this = self.sql(expression, "this") 447 expressions = [f"{self.sql(e)} @@ {this}" for e in expression.expressions] 448 sql = " OR ".join(expressions) 449 return f"({sql})" if len(expressions) > 1 else sql
Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.
Arguments:
- pretty: Whether or not to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether or not to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: Determines the pad size in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- indent: Determines the indentation size in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: Whether or not to normalize all function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Determines whether or not the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether or not to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True
TYPE_MAPPING =
{<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>: 'SMALLINT', <Type.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>: 'REAL', <Type.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>: 'DOUBLE PRECISION', <Type.BINARY: 'BINARY'>: 'BYTEA', <Type.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>: 'BYTEA', <Type.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP'}
TRANSFORMS =
{<class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function _date_add_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CheckColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function any_value_to_max_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ColumnDef'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function arrow_json_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function arrow_json_extract_scalar_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>: <function no_paren_current_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function _date_add_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function _date_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>: <function no_map_from_entries_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContained'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Merge'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function no_pivot_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function str_position_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>: <function _substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TableSample'>: <function no_tablesample_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function trim_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function no_trycast_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function ts_or_ds_to_date_sql.<locals>._ts_or_ds_to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataType'>: <function _datatype_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function _string_agg_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Postgres.Generator.<lambda>>}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION =
{<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>}
437 def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str: 438 """Forms like ARRAY[1, 2, 3][3] aren't allowed; we need to wrap the ARRAY.""" 439 if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Array): 440 expression = expression.copy() 441 expression.set("this", exp.paren(expression.this, copy=False)) 442 443 return super().bracket_sql(expression)
Forms like ARRAY[1, 2, 3][3] aren't allowed; we need to wrap the ARRAY.
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] =
{'%p': 'PM', '%u': 'D', '%d': 'DD', '%j': 'DDD', '%-d': 'FMDD', '%-j': 'FMDDD', '%-I': 'FMHH12', '%-H': 'FMHH24', '%-M': 'FMMI', '%-m': 'FMMM', '%-S': 'FMSS', '%I': 'HH12', '%H': 'HH24', '%M': 'MI', '%m': 'MM', '%z': 'OF', '%S': 'SS', '%A': 'TMDay', '%a': 'TMDy', '%b': 'TMMon', '%B': 'TMMonth', '%Z': 'TZ', '%f': 'US', '%U': 'WW', '%y': 'YY', '%Y': 'YYYY'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict =
{'%': {'p': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'z': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'A': {0: True}, 'a': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'Z': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}, 'U': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}}
@classmethod
def
can_identify(text: str, identify: str | bool = 'safe') -> bool:
257 @classmethod 258 def can_identify(cls, text: str, identify: str | bool = "safe") -> bool: 259 """Checks if text can be identified given an identify option. 260 261 Args: 262 text: The text to check. 263 identify: 264 "always" or `True`: Always returns true. 265 "safe": True if the identifier is case-insensitive. 266 267 Returns: 268 Whether or not the given text can be identified. 269 """ 270 if identify is True or identify == "always": 271 return True 272 273 if identify == "safe": 274 return not cls.case_sensitive(text) 275 276 return False
Checks if text can be identified given an identify option.
Arguments:
- text: The text to check.
- identify: "always" or
True: Always returns true. "safe": True if the identifier is case-insensitive.
Returns:
Whether or not the given text can be identified.
TOKENIZER_CLASS =
<class 'Postgres.Tokenizer'>
Inherited Members
- sqlglot.generator.Generator
- Generator
- NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
- EXPLICIT_UNION
- WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
- CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
- MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
- INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
- TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
- TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT
- LIMIT_FETCH
- RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
- GROUPINGS_SEP
- INDEX_ON
- QUERY_HINT_SEP
- IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
- DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
- LIMIT_IS_TOP
- RETURNING_END
- COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS_SUPPORTED
- EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
- TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
- VALUES_AS_TABLE
- ALTER_TABLE_ADD_COLUMN_KEYWORD
- STAR_MAPPING
- TIME_PART_SINGULARS
- TOKEN_MAPPING
- STRUCT_DELIMITER
- RESERVED_KEYWORDS
- WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
- UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
- SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
- UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
- ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE
- IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT
- STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
- NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
- ESCAPE_LINE_BREAK
- pretty
- identify
- normalize
- pad
- unsupported_level
- max_unsupported
- leading_comma
- max_text_width
- comments
- normalize_functions
- unsupported_messages
- generate
- unsupported
- sep
- seg
- pad_comment
- maybe_comment
- wrap
- no_identify
- normalize_func
- indent
- sql
- uncache_sql
- cache_sql
- characterset_sql
- column_sql
- columnposition_sql
- columndef_sql
- columnconstraint_sql
- computedcolumnconstraint_sql
- autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
- compresscolumnconstraint_sql
- generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
- notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
- primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
- uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
- createable_sql
- create_sql
- clone_sql
- describe_sql
- prepend_ctes
- with_sql
- cte_sql
- tablealias_sql
- bitstring_sql
- hexstring_sql
- bytestring_sql
- rawstring_sql
- datatypeparam_sql
- datatype_sql
- directory_sql
- delete_sql
- drop_sql
- except_sql
- except_op
- fetch_sql
- filter_sql
- hint_sql
- index_sql
- identifier_sql
- inputoutputformat_sql
- national_sql
- partition_sql
- properties_sql
- root_properties
- properties
- with_properties
- locate_properties
- property_sql
- likeproperty_sql
- fallbackproperty_sql
- journalproperty_sql
- freespaceproperty_sql
- checksumproperty_sql
- mergeblockratioproperty_sql
- datablocksizeproperty_sql
- blockcompressionproperty_sql
- isolatedloadingproperty_sql
- lockingproperty_sql
- withdataproperty_sql
- insert_sql
- intersect_sql
- intersect_op
- introducer_sql
- pseudotype_sql
- objectidentifier_sql
- onconflict_sql
- returning_sql
- rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
- withtablehint_sql
- indextablehint_sql
- table_sql
- tablesample_sql
- pivot_sql
- version_sql
- tuple_sql
- update_sql
- values_sql
- var_sql
- into_sql
- from_sql
- group_sql
- having_sql
- connect_sql
- prior_sql
- join_sql
- lambda_sql
- lateral_sql
- limit_sql
- offset_sql
- setitem_sql
- set_sql
- pragma_sql
- lock_sql
- literal_sql
- escape_str
- loaddata_sql
- null_sql
- boolean_sql
- order_sql
- cluster_sql
- distribute_sql
- sort_sql
- ordered_sql
- matchrecognize_sql
- query_modifiers
- offset_limit_modifiers
- after_having_modifiers
- after_limit_modifiers
- select_sql
- schema_sql
- schema_columns_sql
- star_sql
- parameter_sql
- sessionparameter_sql
- placeholder_sql
- subquery_sql
- qualify_sql
- union_sql
- union_op
- unnest_sql
- where_sql
- window_sql
- partition_by_sql
- windowspec_sql
- withingroup_sql
- between_sql
- safebracket_sql
- all_sql
- any_sql
- exists_sql
- case_sql
- constraint_sql
- nextvaluefor_sql
- extract_sql
- trim_sql
- safeconcat_sql
- check_sql
- foreignkey_sql
- primarykey_sql
- if_sql
- jsonkeyvalue_sql
- formatjson_sql
- jsonobject_sql
- jsonarray_sql
- jsonarrayagg_sql
- jsoncolumndef_sql
- jsontable_sql
- openjsoncolumndef_sql
- openjson_sql
- in_sql
- in_unnest_op
- interval_sql
- return_sql
- reference_sql
- anonymous_sql
- paren_sql
- neg_sql
- not_sql
- alias_sql
- aliases_sql
- attimezone_sql
- add_sql
- and_sql
- xor_sql
- connector_sql
- bitwiseand_sql
- bitwiseleftshift_sql
- bitwisenot_sql
- bitwiseor_sql
- bitwiserightshift_sql
- bitwisexor_sql
- cast_sql
- currentdate_sql
- collate_sql
- command_sql
- comment_sql
- mergetreettlaction_sql
- mergetreettl_sql
- transaction_sql
- commit_sql
- rollback_sql
- altercolumn_sql
- renametable_sql
- altertable_sql
- droppartition_sql
- addconstraint_sql
- distinct_sql
- ignorenulls_sql
- respectnulls_sql
- intdiv_sql
- dpipe_sql
- safedpipe_sql
- div_sql
- overlaps_sql
- distance_sql
- dot_sql
- eq_sql
- escape_sql
- glob_sql
- gt_sql
- gte_sql
- ilike_sql
- ilikeany_sql
- is_sql
- like_sql
- likeany_sql
- similarto_sql
- lt_sql
- lte_sql
- mod_sql
- mul_sql
- neq_sql
- nullsafeeq_sql
- nullsafeneq_sql
- or_sql
- slice_sql
- sub_sql
- trycast_sql
- use_sql
- binary
- function_fallback_sql
- func
- format_args
- text_width
- format_time
- expressions
- op_expressions
- naked_property
- set_operation
- tag_sql
- token_sql
- userdefinedfunction_sql
- joinhint_sql
- kwarg_sql
- when_sql
- merge_sql
- tochar_sql
- dictproperty_sql
- dictrange_sql
- dictsubproperty_sql
- oncluster_sql
- clusteredbyproperty_sql
- anyvalue_sql
- querytransform_sql
- indexconstraintoption_sql
- indexcolumnconstraint_sql
- nvl2_sql
- comprehension_sql
- columnprefix_sql