from unittest import mock from sqlglot import UnsupportedError, exp, parse_one from tests.dialects.test_dialect import Validator class TestSnowflake(Validator): dialect = "snowflake" def test_snowflake(self): self.validate_identity("SELECT SUM(amount) FROM mytable GROUP BY ALL") self.validate_identity("WITH x AS (SELECT 1 AS foo) SELECT foo FROM IDENTIFIER('x')") self.validate_identity("WITH x AS (SELECT 1 AS foo) SELECT IDENTIFIER('foo') FROM x") self.validate_identity("INITCAP('iqamqinterestedqinqthisqtopic', 'q')") self.validate_identity("CAST(x AS GEOMETRY)") self.validate_identity("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT(*)") self.validate_identity("SELECT TO_DATE('2019-02-28') + INTERVAL '1 day, 1 year'") self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST('2021-01-01' AS DATE) + INTERVAL '1 DAY'") self.validate_identity("SELECT HLL(*)") self.validate_identity("SELECT HLL(a)") self.validate_identity("SELECT HLL(DISTINCT t.a)") self.validate_identity("SELECT HLL(a, b, c)") self.validate_identity("SELECT HLL(DISTINCT a, b, c)") self.validate_identity("$x") # parameter self.validate_identity("a$b") # valid snowflake identifier self.validate_identity("SELECT REGEXP_LIKE(a, b, c)") self.validate_identity("PUT file:///dir/tmp.csv @%table") self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE foo (bar FLOAT AUTOINCREMENT START 0 INCREMENT 1)") self.validate_identity("ALTER TABLE IF EXISTS foo SET TAG a = 'a', b = 'b', c = 'c'") self.validate_identity("ALTER TABLE foo UNSET TAG a, b, c") self.validate_identity("ALTER TABLE foo SET COMMENT = 'bar'") self.validate_identity("ALTER TABLE foo SET CHANGE_TRACKING = FALSE") self.validate_identity("ALTER TABLE foo UNSET DATA_RETENTION_TIME_IN_DAYS, CHANGE_TRACKING") self.validate_identity("COMMENT IF EXISTS ON TABLE foo IS 'bar'") self.validate_identity("SELECT CONVERT_TIMEZONE('UTC', 'America/Los_Angeles', col)") self.validate_identity( 'COPY INTO NEW_TABLE ("foo", "bar") FROM (SELECT $1, $2, $3, $4 FROM @%old_table)' ) self.validate_identity( "SELECT state, city, SUM(retail_price * quantity) AS gross_revenue FROM sales GROUP BY ALL" ) self.validate_all("CAST(x AS BYTEINT)", write={"snowflake": "CAST(x AS INT)"}) self.validate_all("CAST(x AS CHAR VARYING)", write={"snowflake": "CAST(x AS VARCHAR)"}) self.validate_all("CAST(x AS CHARACTER VARYING)", write={"snowflake": "CAST(x AS VARCHAR)"}) self.validate_all("CAST(x AS NCHAR VARYING)", write={"snowflake": "CAST(x AS VARCHAR)"}) self.validate_all( "SELECT * FROM (VALUES (0) foo(bar))", write={"snowflake": "SELECT * FROM (VALUES (0)) AS foo(bar)"}, ) self.validate_all( "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT(a, b, c, d)", read={ "": "STRUCT(a as b, c as d)", }, write={ "duckdb": "{'a': b, 'c': d}", "snowflake": "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT(a, b, c, d)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT i, p, o FROM qt QUALIFY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o) = 1", write={ "": "SELECT i, p, o FROM qt QUALIFY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o NULLS LAST) = 1", "databricks": "SELECT i, p, o FROM qt QUALIFY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o NULLS LAST) = 1", "hive": "SELECT i, p, o FROM (SELECT i, p, o, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o NULLS LAST) AS _w FROM qt) AS _t WHERE _w = 1", "presto": "SELECT i, p, o FROM (SELECT i, p, o, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o) AS _w FROM qt) AS _t WHERE _w = 1", "snowflake": "SELECT i, p, o FROM qt QUALIFY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o) = 1", "spark": "SELECT i, p, o FROM (SELECT i, p, o, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o NULLS LAST) AS _w FROM qt) AS _t WHERE _w = 1", "sqlite": "SELECT i, p, o FROM (SELECT i, p, o, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o NULLS LAST) AS _w FROM qt) AS _t WHERE _w = 1", "trino": "SELECT i, p, o FROM (SELECT i, p, o, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY o) AS _w FROM qt) AS _t WHERE _w = 1", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT BOOLOR_AGG(c1), BOOLOR_AGG(c2) FROM test", write={ "": "SELECT LOGICAL_OR(c1), LOGICAL_OR(c2) FROM test", "duckdb": "SELECT BOOL_OR(c1), BOOL_OR(c2) FROM test", "postgres": "SELECT BOOL_OR(c1), BOOL_OR(c2) FROM test", "snowflake": "SELECT BOOLOR_AGG(c1), BOOLOR_AGG(c2) FROM test", "spark": "SELECT BOOL_OR(c1), BOOL_OR(c2) FROM test", "sqlite": "SELECT MAX(c1), MAX(c2) FROM test", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT BOOLAND_AGG(c1), BOOLAND_AGG(c2) FROM test", write={ "": "SELECT LOGICAL_AND(c1), LOGICAL_AND(c2) FROM test", "duckdb": "SELECT BOOL_AND(c1), BOOL_AND(c2) FROM test", "postgres": "SELECT BOOL_AND(c1), BOOL_AND(c2) FROM test", "snowflake": "SELECT BOOLAND_AGG(c1), BOOLAND_AGG(c2) FROM test", "spark": "SELECT BOOL_AND(c1), BOOL_AND(c2) FROM test", "sqlite": "SELECT MIN(c1), MIN(c2) FROM test", }, ) self.validate_all( "TO_CHAR(x, y)", read={ "": "TO_CHAR(x, y)", "snowflake": "TO_VARCHAR(x, y)", }, write={ "": "CAST(x AS TEXT)", "databricks": "TO_CHAR(x, y)", "drill": "TO_CHAR(x, y)", "oracle": "TO_CHAR(x, y)", "postgres": "TO_CHAR(x, y)", "snowflake": "TO_CHAR(x, y)", "teradata": "TO_CHAR(x, y)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SQUARE(x)", write={ "bigquery": "POWER(x, 2)", "clickhouse": "POWER(x, 2)", "databricks": "POWER(x, 2)", "drill": "POW(x, 2)", "duckdb": "POWER(x, 2)", "hive": "POWER(x, 2)", "mysql": "POWER(x, 2)", "oracle": "POWER(x, 2)", "postgres": "x ^ 2", "presto": "POWER(x, 2)", "redshift": "POWER(x, 2)", "snowflake": "POWER(x, 2)", "spark": "POWER(x, 2)", "sqlite": "POWER(x, 2)", "starrocks": "POWER(x, 2)", "trino": "POWER(x, 2)", "tsql": "POWER(x, 2)", }, ) self.validate_all( "POWER(x, 2)", read={ "oracle": "SQUARE(x)", "snowflake": "SQUARE(x)", "tsql": "SQUARE(x)", }, ) self.validate_all( "DIV0(foo, bar)", write={ "snowflake": "IFF(bar = 0, 0, foo / bar)", "sqlite": "CASE WHEN bar = 0 THEN 0 ELSE foo / bar END", "presto": "IF(bar = 0, 0, foo / bar)", "spark": "IF(bar = 0, 0, foo / bar)", "hive": "IF(bar = 0, 0, foo / bar)", "duckdb": "CASE WHEN bar = 0 THEN 0 ELSE foo / bar END", }, ) self.validate_all( "ZEROIFNULL(foo)", write={ "snowflake": "IFF(foo IS NULL, 0, foo)", "sqlite": "CASE WHEN foo IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE foo END", "presto": "IF(foo IS NULL, 0, foo)", "spark": "IF(foo IS NULL, 0, foo)", "hive": "IF(foo IS NULL, 0, foo)", "duckdb": "CASE WHEN foo IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE foo END", }, ) self.validate_all( "NULLIFZERO(foo)", write={ "snowflake": "IFF(foo = 0, NULL, foo)", "sqlite": "CASE WHEN foo = 0 THEN NULL ELSE foo END", "presto": "IF(foo = 0, NULL, foo)", "spark": "IF(foo = 0, NULL, foo)", "hive": "IF(foo = 0, NULL, foo)", "duckdb": "CASE WHEN foo = 0 THEN NULL ELSE foo END", }, ) self.validate_all( "CREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE x (y NUMBER IDENTITY(0, 1))", write={ "snowflake": "CREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY TABLE x (y DECIMAL AUTOINCREMENT START 0 INCREMENT 1)", }, ) self.validate_all( "CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE x (y NUMBER AUTOINCREMENT(0, 1))", write={ "snowflake": "CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE x (y DECIMAL AUTOINCREMENT START 0 INCREMENT 1)", }, ) self.validate_all( "CREATE TABLE x (y NUMBER IDENTITY START 0 INCREMENT 1)", write={ "snowflake": "CREATE TABLE x (y DECIMAL AUTOINCREMENT START 0 INCREMENT 1)", }, ) self.validate_all( "ALTER TABLE foo ADD COLUMN id INT identity(1, 1)", write={ "snowflake": "ALTER TABLE foo ADD COLUMN id INT AUTOINCREMENT START 1 INCREMENT 1", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT DAYOFWEEK('2016-01-02T23:39:20.123-07:00'::TIMESTAMP)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT DAYOFWEEK(CAST('2016-01-02T23:39:20.123-07:00' AS TIMESTAMPNTZ))", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT * FROM xxx WHERE col ilike '%Don''t%'", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT * FROM xxx WHERE col ILIKE '%Don\\'t%'", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT * EXCLUDE a, b FROM xxx", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT * EXCLUDE (a, b) FROM xxx", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT * RENAME a AS b, c AS d FROM xxx", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT * RENAME (a AS b, c AS d) FROM xxx", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT * EXCLUDE (a, b) RENAME (c AS d, E AS F) FROM xxx", read={ "duckdb": "SELECT * EXCLUDE (a, b) REPLACE (c AS d, E AS F) FROM xxx", }, write={ "snowflake": "SELECT * EXCLUDE (a, b) RENAME (c AS d, E AS F) FROM xxx", "duckdb": "SELECT * EXCLUDE (a, b) REPLACE (c AS d, E AS F) FROM xxx", }, ) self.validate_all( 'x:a:"b c"', write={ "duckdb": "x['a']['b c']", "hive": "x['a']['b c']", "presto": "x['a']['b c']", "snowflake": "x['a']['b c']", "spark": "x['a']['b c']", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT a FROM test WHERE a = 1 GROUP BY a HAVING a = 2 QUALIFY z ORDER BY a LIMIT 10", write={ "bigquery": "SELECT a FROM test WHERE a = 1 GROUP BY a HAVING a = 2 QUALIFY z ORDER BY a NULLS LAST LIMIT 10", "snowflake": "SELECT a FROM test WHERE a = 1 GROUP BY a HAVING a = 2 QUALIFY z ORDER BY a LIMIT 10", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT a FROM test AS t QUALIFY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY a ORDER BY Z) = 1", write={ "bigquery": "SELECT a FROM test AS t QUALIFY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY a ORDER BY Z NULLS LAST) = 1", "snowflake": "SELECT a FROM test AS t QUALIFY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY a ORDER BY Z) = 1", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP(1659981729)", write={ "bigquery": "SELECT UNIX_TO_TIME(1659981729)", "snowflake": "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP(1659981729)", "spark": "SELECT CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME(1659981729) AS TIMESTAMP)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP(1659981729000, 3)", write={ "bigquery": "SELECT UNIX_TO_TIME(1659981729000, 'millis')", "snowflake": "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP(1659981729000, 3)", "spark": "SELECT TIMESTAMP_MILLIS(1659981729000)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('1659981729')", write={ "bigquery": "SELECT UNIX_TO_TIME('1659981729')", "snowflake": "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('1659981729')", "spark": "SELECT CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME('1659981729') AS TIMESTAMP)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP(1659981729000000000, 9)", write={ "bigquery": "SELECT UNIX_TO_TIME(1659981729000000000, 'micros')", "snowflake": "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP(1659981729000000000, 9)", "spark": "SELECT TIMESTAMP_MICROS(1659981729000000000)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('2013-04-05 01:02:03')", write={ "bigquery": "SELECT PARSE_TIMESTAMP('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', '2013-04-05 01:02:03')", "snowflake": "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('2013-04-05 01:02:03', 'yyyy-mm-DD hh24:mi:ss')", "spark": "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('2013-04-05 01:02:03', 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('04/05/2013 01:02:03', 'mm/DD/yyyy hh24:mi:ss')", read={ "bigquery": "SELECT PARSE_TIMESTAMP('%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S', '04/05/2013 01:02:03')", "duckdb": "SELECT STRPTIME('04/05/2013 01:02:03', '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S')", }, write={ "bigquery": "SELECT PARSE_TIMESTAMP('%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S', '04/05/2013 01:02:03')", "snowflake": "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('04/05/2013 01:02:03', 'mm/DD/yyyy hh24:mi:ss')", "spark": "SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('04/05/2013 01:02:03', 'MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss')", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT IFF(TRUE, 'true', 'false')", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT IFF(TRUE, 'true', 'false')", "spark": "SELECT IF(TRUE, 'true', 'false')", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT fname, lname, age FROM person ORDER BY age DESC NULLS FIRST, fname ASC NULLS LAST, lname", write={ "duckdb": "SELECT fname, lname, age FROM person ORDER BY age DESC NULLS FIRST, fname, lname", "postgres": "SELECT fname, lname, age FROM person ORDER BY age DESC, fname, lname", "presto": "SELECT fname, lname, age FROM person ORDER BY age DESC NULLS FIRST, fname, lname", "hive": "SELECT fname, lname, age FROM person ORDER BY age DESC NULLS FIRST, fname NULLS LAST, lname NULLS LAST", "spark": "SELECT fname, lname, age FROM person ORDER BY age DESC NULLS FIRST, fname NULLS LAST, lname NULLS LAST", "snowflake": "SELECT fname, lname, age FROM person ORDER BY age DESC, fname, lname", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT ARRAY_AGG(DISTINCT a)", write={ "spark": "SELECT COLLECT_LIST(DISTINCT a)", "snowflake": "SELECT ARRAY_AGG(DISTINCT a)", }, ) self.validate_all( "ARRAY_TO_STRING(x, '')", write={ "spark": "ARRAY_JOIN(x, '')", "snowflake": "ARRAY_TO_STRING(x, '')", }, ) self.validate_all( "TO_ARRAY(x)", write={ "spark": "ARRAY(x)", "snowflake": "[x]", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT * FROM a INTERSECT ALL SELECT * FROM b", write={ "snowflake": UnsupportedError, }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT * FROM a EXCEPT ALL SELECT * FROM b", write={ "snowflake": UnsupportedError, }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT ARRAY_UNION_AGG(a)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT ARRAY_UNION_AGG(a)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT NVL2(a, b, c)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT NVL2(a, b, c)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT $$a$$", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT 'a'", }, ) self.validate_all( r"SELECT $$a ' \ \t \x21 z $ $$", write={ "snowflake": r"SELECT 'a \' \ \t \x21 z $ '", }, ) self.validate_identity("REGEXP_REPLACE('target', 'pattern', '\n')") self.validate_all( "SELECT RLIKE(a, b)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT REGEXP_LIKE(a, b)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT a FROM test pivot", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT a FROM test AS pivot", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT a FROM test unpivot", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT a FROM test AS unpivot", }, ) self.validate_all( "trim(date_column, 'UTC')", write={ "bigquery": "TRIM(date_column, 'UTC')", "snowflake": "TRIM(date_column, 'UTC')", "postgres": "TRIM('UTC' FROM date_column)", }, ) self.validate_all( "trim(date_column)", write={ "snowflake": "TRIM(date_column)", "bigquery": "TRIM(date_column)", }, ) self.validate_all( "DECODE(x, a, b, c, d, e)", write={ "": "CASE WHEN x = a OR (x IS NULL AND a IS NULL) THEN b WHEN x = c OR (x IS NULL AND c IS NULL) THEN d ELSE e END", "snowflake": "CASE WHEN x = a OR (x IS NULL AND a IS NULL) THEN b WHEN x = c OR (x IS NULL AND c IS NULL) THEN d ELSE e END", }, ) def test_null_treatment(self): self.validate_all( r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1) OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1", write={ "snowflake": r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1) OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1" }, ) self.validate_all( r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1 RESPECT NULLS) OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1", write={ "snowflake": r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1 RESPECT NULLS) OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1" }, ) self.validate_all( r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1) RESPECT NULLS OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1", write={ "snowflake": r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1) RESPECT NULLS OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1" }, ) self.validate_all( r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1 IGNORE NULLS) OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1", write={ "snowflake": r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1 IGNORE NULLS) OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1" }, ) self.validate_all( r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1) IGNORE NULLS OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1", write={ "snowflake": r"SELECT FIRST_VALUE(TABLE1.COLUMN1) IGNORE NULLS OVER (PARTITION BY RANDOM_COLUMN1, RANDOM_COLUMN2 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS MY_ALIAS FROM TABLE1" }, ) def test_sample(self): self.validate_identity("SELECT * FROM testtable TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI (20.3)") self.validate_identity("SELECT * FROM testtable TABLESAMPLE (100)") self.validate_identity("SELECT * FROM testtable TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM (3) SEED (82)") self.validate_identity("SELECT * FROM testtable TABLESAMPLE (10 ROWS)") self.validate_identity("SELECT * FROM testtable SAMPLE (10)") self.validate_identity("SELECT * FROM testtable SAMPLE ROW (0)") self.validate_identity("SELECT a FROM test SAMPLE BLOCK (0.5) SEED (42)") self.validate_identity( "SELECT i, j FROM table1 AS t1 INNER JOIN table2 AS t2 TABLESAMPLE (50) WHERE t2.j = t1.i" ) self.validate_identity( "SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.a = t2.c) TABLESAMPLE (1)" ) self.validate_all( """ SELECT i, j FROM table1 AS t1 SAMPLE (25) -- 25% of rows in table1 INNER JOIN table2 AS t2 SAMPLE (50) -- 50% of rows in table2 WHERE t2.j = t1.i""", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT i, j FROM table1 AS t1 SAMPLE (25) /* 25% of rows in table1 */ INNER JOIN table2 AS t2 SAMPLE (50) /* 50% of rows in table2 */ WHERE t2.j = t1.i", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT * FROM testtable SAMPLE BLOCK (0.012) REPEATABLE (99992)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT * FROM testtable SAMPLE BLOCK (0.012) SEED (99992)", }, ) def test_timestamps(self): self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST('12:00:00' AS TIME)") self.validate_identity("SELECT DATE_PART(month, a)") self.validate_all( "SELECT CAST(a AS TIMESTAMP)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT CAST(a AS TIMESTAMPNTZ)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT a::TIMESTAMP_LTZ(9)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT CAST(a AS TIMESTAMPLTZ(9))", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT a::TIMESTAMPLTZ", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT CAST(a AS TIMESTAMPLTZ)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT a::TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT CAST(a AS TIMESTAMPLTZ)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT EXTRACT('month', a)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT DATE_PART('month', a)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT DATE_PART('month', a)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT DATE_PART('month', a)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT DATE_PART(month, a::DATETIME)", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT DATE_PART(month, CAST(a AS DATETIME))", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT DATE_PART(epoch_second, foo) as ddate from table_name", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM CAST(foo AS TIMESTAMPNTZ)) AS ddate FROM table_name", "presto": "SELECT TO_UNIXTIME(CAST(foo AS TIMESTAMP)) AS ddate FROM table_name", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT DATE_PART(epoch_milliseconds, foo) as ddate from table_name", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM CAST(foo AS TIMESTAMPNTZ)) * 1000 AS ddate FROM table_name", "presto": "SELECT TO_UNIXTIME(CAST(foo AS TIMESTAMP)) * 1000 AS ddate FROM table_name", }, ) self.validate_all( "DATEADD(DAY, 5, CAST('2008-12-25' AS DATE))", write={ "bigquery": "DATE_ADD(CAST('2008-12-25' AS DATE), INTERVAL 5 DAY)", "snowflake": "DATEADD(DAY, 5, CAST('2008-12-25' AS DATE))", }, ) self.validate_identity( "DATEDIFF(DAY, CAST('2007-12-25' AS DATE), CAST('2008-12-25' AS DATE))" ) self.validate_identity( "TIMEDIFF(DAY, CAST('2007-12-25' AS DATE), CAST('2008-12-25' AS DATE))", "DATEDIFF(DAY, CAST('2007-12-25' AS DATE), CAST('2008-12-25' AS DATE))", ) self.validate_identity( "TIMESTAMPDIFF(DAY, CAST('2007-12-25' AS DATE), CAST('2008-12-25' AS DATE))", "DATEDIFF(DAY, CAST('2007-12-25' AS DATE), CAST('2008-12-25' AS DATE))", ) def test_semi_structured_types(self): self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST(a AS VARIANT)") self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST(a AS ARRAY)") self.validate_all( "SELECT a::VARIANT", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT CAST(a AS VARIANT)", "tsql": "SELECT CAST(a AS SQL_VARIANT)", }, ) self.validate_all( "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT(0, 1, 2)", write={ "snowflake": "[0, 1, 2]", "bigquery": "[0, 1, 2]", "duckdb": "LIST_VALUE(0, 1, 2)", "presto": "ARRAY[0, 1, 2]", "spark": "ARRAY(0, 1, 2)", }, ) self.validate_all( "SELECT a::OBJECT", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT CAST(a AS OBJECT)", }, ) def test_ddl(self): self.validate_identity("CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW foo (uid) COPY GRANTS AS (SELECT 1)") self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE geospatial_table (id INT, g GEOGRAPHY)") self.validate_identity("CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW a COMMENT='...' AS SELECT 1 FROM x") self.validate_identity("CREATE DATABASE mytestdb_clone CLONE mytestdb") self.validate_identity("CREATE SCHEMA mytestschema_clone CLONE testschema") self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE orders_clone CLONE orders") self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE IDENTIFIER('foo') (COLUMN1 VARCHAR, COLUMN2 VARCHAR)") self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE IDENTIFIER($foo) (col1 VARCHAR, col2 VARCHAR)") self.validate_identity( "CREATE TABLE orders_clone_restore CLONE orders AT (TIMESTAMP => TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ('04/05/2013 01:02:03', 'mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss'))" ) self.validate_identity( "CREATE TABLE orders_clone_restore CLONE orders BEFORE (STATEMENT => '8e5d0ca9-005e-44e6-b858-a8f5b37c5726')" ) self.validate_identity( "CREATE TABLE a (x DATE, y BIGINT) WITH (PARTITION BY (x), integration='q', auto_refresh=TRUE, file_format=(type = parquet))" ) self.validate_identity( "CREATE SCHEMA mytestschema_clone_restore CLONE testschema BEFORE (TIMESTAMP => TO_TIMESTAMP(40 * 365 * 86400))" ) self.validate_identity( "CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE EXAMPLE_DB.DEMO.USERS (ID DECIMAL(38, 0) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ID), FOREIGN KEY (CITY_CODE) REFERENCES EXAMPLE_DB.DEMO.CITIES (CITY_CODE))" ) self.validate_all( "CREATE OR REPLACE TRANSIENT TABLE a (id INT)", read={ "postgres": "CREATE OR REPLACE TRANSIENT TABLE a (id INT)", "snowflake": "CREATE OR REPLACE TRANSIENT TABLE a (id INT)", }, write={ "postgres": "CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE a (id INT)", "mysql": "CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE a (id INT)", "snowflake": "CREATE OR REPLACE TRANSIENT TABLE a (id INT)", }, ) self.validate_all( "CREATE TABLE a (b INT)", read={"teradata": "CREATE MULTISET TABLE a (b INT)"}, write={"snowflake": "CREATE TABLE a (b INT)"}, ) def test_user_defined_functions(self): self.validate_all( "CREATE FUNCTION a(x DATE, y BIGINT) RETURNS ARRAY LANGUAGE JAVASCRIPT AS $$ SELECT 1 $$", write={ "snowflake": "CREATE FUNCTION a(x DATE, y BIGINT) RETURNS ARRAY LANGUAGE JAVASCRIPT AS ' SELECT 1 '", }, ) self.validate_all( "CREATE FUNCTION a() RETURNS TABLE (b INT) AS 'SELECT 1'", write={ "snowflake": "CREATE FUNCTION a() RETURNS TABLE (b INT) AS 'SELECT 1'", "bigquery": "CREATE TABLE FUNCTION a() RETURNS TABLE AS SELECT 1", }, ) self.validate_all( "CREATE FUNCTION a() RETURNS INT IMMUTABLE AS 'SELECT 1'", write={ "snowflake": "CREATE FUNCTION a() RETURNS INT IMMUTABLE AS 'SELECT 1'", }, ) def test_stored_procedures(self): self.validate_identity("CALL a.b.c(x, y)") self.validate_identity( "CREATE PROCEDURE a.b.c(x INT, y VARIANT) RETURNS OBJECT EXECUTE AS CALLER AS 'BEGIN SELECT 1; END;'" ) def test_table_literal(self): # All examples from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/literals-table.html self.validate_all( r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE('MYTABLE')""", write={"snowflake": r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE('MYTABLE')"""}, ) self.validate_all( r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE('MYDB."MYSCHEMA"."MYTABLE"')""", write={"snowflake": r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE('MYDB."MYSCHEMA"."MYTABLE"')"""}, ) # Per Snowflake documentation at https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/literals-table.html # one can use either a " ' " or " $$ " to enclose the object identifier. # Capturing the single tokens seems like lot of work. Hence adjusting tests to use these interchangeably, self.validate_all( r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE($$MYDB. "MYSCHEMA"."MYTABLE"$$)""", write={"snowflake": r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE('MYDB. "MYSCHEMA"."MYTABLE"')"""}, ) self.validate_all( r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE($MYVAR)""", write={"snowflake": r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE($MYVAR)"""}, ) self.validate_all( r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE(?)""", write={"snowflake": r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE(?)"""}, ) self.validate_all( r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE(:BINDING)""", write={"snowflake": r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE(:BINDING)"""}, ) self.validate_all( r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE($MYVAR) WHERE COL1 = 10""", write={"snowflake": r"""SELECT * FROM TABLE($MYVAR) WHERE COL1 = 10"""}, ) def test_flatten(self): self.validate_all( """ select dag_report.acct_id, dag_report.report_date, dag_report.report_uuid, dag_report.airflow_name, dag_report.dag_id, f.value::varchar as operator from cs.telescope.dag_report, table(flatten(input=>split(operators, ','))) f """, write={ "snowflake": """SELECT dag_report.acct_id, dag_report.report_date, dag_report.report_uuid, dag_report.airflow_name, dag_report.dag_id, CAST(f.value AS VARCHAR) AS operator FROM cs.telescope.dag_report, TABLE(FLATTEN(input => SPLIT(operators, ','))) AS f""" }, pretty=True, ) # All examples from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/flatten.html#syntax self.validate_all( "SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => parse_json('[1, ,77]'))) f", write={ "snowflake": "SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => PARSE_JSON('[1, ,77]'))) AS f" }, ) self.validate_all( """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => parse_json('{"a":1, "b":[77,88]}'), outer => true)) f""", write={ "snowflake": """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => PARSE_JSON('{"a":1, "b":[77,88]}'), outer => TRUE)) AS f""" }, ) self.validate_all( """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => parse_json('{"a":1, "b":[77,88]}'), path => 'b')) f""", write={ "snowflake": """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => PARSE_JSON('{"a":1, "b":[77,88]}'), path => 'b')) AS f""" }, ) self.validate_all( """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => parse_json('[]'))) f""", write={"snowflake": """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => PARSE_JSON('[]'))) AS f"""}, ) self.validate_all( """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => parse_json('[]'), outer => true)) f""", write={ "snowflake": """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => PARSE_JSON('[]'), outer => TRUE)) AS f""" }, ) self.validate_all( """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => parse_json('{"a":1, "b":[77,88], "c": {"d":"X"}}'))) f""", write={ "snowflake": """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => PARSE_JSON('{"a":1, "b":[77,88], "c": {"d":"X"}}'))) AS f""" }, ) self.validate_all( """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => parse_json('{"a":1, "b":[77,88], "c": {"d":"X"}}'), recursive => true)) f""", write={ "snowflake": """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => PARSE_JSON('{"a":1, "b":[77,88], "c": {"d":"X"}}'), recursive => TRUE)) AS f""" }, ) self.validate_all( """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => parse_json('{"a":1, "b":[77,88], "c": {"d":"X"}}'), recursive => true, mode => 'object')) f""", write={ "snowflake": """SELECT * FROM TABLE(FLATTEN(input => PARSE_JSON('{"a":1, "b":[77,88], "c": {"d":"X"}}'), recursive => TRUE, mode => 'object')) AS f""" }, ) self.validate_all( """ SELECT id as "ID", f.value AS "Contact", f1.value:type AS "Type", f1.value:content AS "Details" FROM persons p, lateral flatten(input => p.c, path => 'contact') f, lateral flatten(input => f.value:business) f1 """, write={ "snowflake": """SELECT id AS "ID", f.value AS "Contact", f1.value['type'] AS "Type", f1.value['content'] AS "Details" FROM persons AS p, LATERAL FLATTEN(input => p.c, path => 'contact') AS f, LATERAL FLATTEN(input => f.value['business']) AS f1""", }, pretty=True, ) def test_minus(self): self.validate_all( "SELECT 1 EXCEPT SELECT 1", read={ "oracle": "SELECT 1 MINUS SELECT 1", "snowflake": "SELECT 1 MINUS SELECT 1", }, ) def test_values(self): self.validate_all( 'SELECT "c0", "c1" FROM (VALUES (1, 2), (3, 4)) AS "t0"("c0", "c1")', read={ "spark": "SELECT `c0`, `c1` FROM (VALUES (1, 2), (3, 4)) AS `t0`(`c0`, `c1`)", }, ) self.validate_all( """SELECT $1 AS "_1" FROM VALUES ('a'), ('b')""", write={ "snowflake": """SELECT $1 AS "_1" FROM (VALUES ('a'), ('b'))""", "spark": """SELECT @1 AS `_1` FROM VALUES ('a'), ('b')""", }, ) def test_describe_table(self): self.validate_all( "DESCRIBE TABLE db.table", write={ "snowflake": "DESCRIBE TABLE db.table", "spark": "DESCRIBE db.table", }, ) self.validate_all( "DESCRIBE db.table", write={ "snowflake": "DESCRIBE TABLE db.table", "spark": "DESCRIBE db.table", }, ) self.validate_all( "DESC TABLE db.table", write={ "snowflake": "DESCRIBE TABLE db.table", "spark": "DESCRIBE db.table", }, ) self.validate_all( "DESC VIEW db.table", write={ "snowflake": "DESCRIBE VIEW db.table", "spark": "DESCRIBE db.table", }, ) def test_parse_like_any(self): like = parse_one("a LIKE ANY fun('foo')", read="snowflake") ilike = parse_one("a ILIKE ANY fun('foo')", read="snowflake") self.assertIsInstance(like, exp.LikeAny) self.assertIsInstance(ilike, exp.ILikeAny) like.sql() # check that this doesn't raise @mock.patch("sqlglot.generator.logger") def test_regexp_substr(self, logger): self.validate_all( "REGEXP_SUBSTR(subject, pattern, pos, occ, params, group)", write={ "bigquery": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern, pos, occ)", "hive": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern, group)", "presto": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern, group)", "snowflake": "REGEXP_SUBSTR(subject, pattern, pos, occ, params, group)", "spark": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern, group)", }, ) self.validate_all( "REGEXP_SUBSTR(subject, pattern)", read={ "bigquery": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern)", "hive": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern)", "presto": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern)", "spark": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern)", }, write={ "bigquery": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern)", "hive": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern)", "presto": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern)", "snowflake": "REGEXP_SUBSTR(subject, pattern)", "spark": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern)", }, ) self.validate_all( "REGEXP_SUBSTR(subject, pattern, 1, 1, 'c', group)", read={ "bigquery": "REGEXP_SUBSTR(subject, pattern, 1, 1, 'c', group)", "duckdb": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern, group)", "hive": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern, group)", "presto": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern, group)", "snowflake": "REGEXP_SUBSTR(subject, pattern, 1, 1, 'c', group)", "spark": "REGEXP_EXTRACT(subject, pattern, group)", }, ) def test_match_recognize(self): for row in ( "ONE ROW PER MATCH", "ALL ROWS PER MATCH", "ALL ROWS PER MATCH SHOW EMPTY MATCHES", "ALL ROWS PER MATCH OMIT EMPTY MATCHES", "ALL ROWS PER MATCH WITH UNMATCHED ROWS", ): for after in ( "AFTER MATCH SKIP", "AFTER MATCH SKIP PAST LAST ROW", "AFTER MATCH SKIP TO NEXT ROW", "AFTER MATCH SKIP TO FIRST x", "AFTER MATCH SKIP TO LAST x", ): self.validate_identity( f"""SELECT * FROM x MATCH_RECOGNIZE ( PARTITION BY a, b ORDER BY x DESC MEASURES y AS b {row} {after} PATTERN (^ S1 S2*? ( {{- S3 -}} S4 )+ | PERMUTE(S1, S2){{1,2}} $) DEFINE x AS y )""", pretty=True, )