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<h1 class="modulename">
<a href="./../../sqlglot.html">sqlglot</a><wbr>.<a href="./../optimizer.html">optimizer</a><wbr>.optimizer </h1>
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<div class="pdoc-code codehilite"><pre><span></span><span id="L-1"><a href="#L-1"><span class="linenos"> 1</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">__future__</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">annotations</span>
</span><span id="L-2"><a href="#L-2"><span class="linenos"> 2</span></a>
</span><span id="L-3"><a href="#L-3"><span class="linenos"> 3</span></a><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">typing</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">t</span>
</span><span id="L-4"><a href="#L-4"><span class="linenos"> 4</span></a>
</span><span id="L-5"><a href="#L-5"><span class="linenos"> 5</span></a><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot</span>
</span><span id="L-6"><a href="#L-6"><span class="linenos"> 6</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">exp</span>
</span><span id="L-7"><a href="#L-7"><span class="linenos"> 7</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.dialects.dialect</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">DialectType</span>
</span><span id="L-8"><a href="#L-8"><span class="linenos"> 8</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">annotate_types</span>
</span><span id="L-9"><a href="#L-9"><span class="linenos"> 9</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.canonicalize</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">canonicalize</span>
</span><span id="L-10"><a href="#L-10"><span class="linenos">10</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.eliminate_ctes</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">eliminate_ctes</span>
</span><span id="L-11"><a href="#L-11"><span class="linenos">11</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.eliminate_joins</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">eliminate_joins</span>
</span><span id="L-12"><a href="#L-12"><span class="linenos">12</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.eliminate_subqueries</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">eliminate_subqueries</span>
</span><span id="L-13"><a href="#L-13"><span class="linenos">13</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.merge_subqueries</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">merge_subqueries</span>
</span><span id="L-14"><a href="#L-14"><span class="linenos">14</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.normalize</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">normalize</span>
</span><span id="L-15"><a href="#L-15"><span class="linenos">15</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.optimize_joins</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">optimize_joins</span>
</span><span id="L-16"><a href="#L-16"><span class="linenos">16</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.pushdown_predicates</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">pushdown_predicates</span>
</span><span id="L-17"><a href="#L-17"><span class="linenos">17</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.pushdown_projections</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">pushdown_projections</span>
</span><span id="L-18"><a href="#L-18"><span class="linenos">18</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.qualify</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">qualify</span>
</span><span id="L-19"><a href="#L-19"><span class="linenos">19</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.qualify_columns</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">quote_identifiers</span>
</span><span id="L-20"><a href="#L-20"><span class="linenos">20</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.simplify</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">simplify</span>
</span><span id="L-21"><a href="#L-21"><span class="linenos">21</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.optimizer.unnest_subqueries</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">unnest_subqueries</span>
</span><span id="L-22"><a href="#L-22"><span class="linenos">22</span></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sqlglot.schema</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ensure_schema</span>
</span><span id="L-23"><a href="#L-23"><span class="linenos">23</span></a>
</span><span id="L-24"><a href="#L-24"><span class="linenos">24</span></a><span class="n">RULES</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span>
</span><span id="L-25"><a href="#L-25"><span class="linenos">25</span></a> <span class="n">qualify</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-26"><a href="#L-26"><span class="linenos">26</span></a> <span class="n">pushdown_projections</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-27"><a href="#L-27"><span class="linenos">27</span></a> <span class="n">normalize</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-28"><a href="#L-28"><span class="linenos">28</span></a> <span class="n">unnest_subqueries</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-29"><a href="#L-29"><span class="linenos">29</span></a> <span class="n">pushdown_predicates</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-30"><a href="#L-30"><span class="linenos">30</span></a> <span class="n">optimize_joins</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-31"><a href="#L-31"><span class="linenos">31</span></a> <span class="n">eliminate_subqueries</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-32"><a href="#L-32"><span class="linenos">32</span></a> <span class="n">merge_subqueries</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-33"><a href="#L-33"><span class="linenos">33</span></a> <span class="n">eliminate_joins</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-34"><a href="#L-34"><span class="linenos">34</span></a> <span class="n">eliminate_ctes</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-35"><a href="#L-35"><span class="linenos">35</span></a> <span class="n">quote_identifiers</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-36"><a href="#L-36"><span class="linenos">36</span></a> <span class="n">annotate_types</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-37"><a href="#L-37"><span class="linenos">37</span></a> <span class="n">canonicalize</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-38"><a href="#L-38"><span class="linenos">38</span></a> <span class="n">simplify</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-39"><a href="#L-39"><span class="linenos">39</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="L-40"><a href="#L-40"><span class="linenos">40</span></a>
</span><span id="L-41"><a href="#L-41"><span class="linenos">41</span></a>
</span><span id="L-42"><a href="#L-42"><span class="linenos">42</span></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">optimize</span><span class="p">(</span>
</span><span id="L-43"><a href="#L-43"><span class="linenos">43</span></a> <span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Expression</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-44"><a href="#L-44"><span class="linenos">44</span></a> <span class="n">schema</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">dict</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-45"><a href="#L-45"><span class="linenos">45</span></a> <span class="n">db</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-46"><a href="#L-46"><span class="linenos">46</span></a> <span class="n">catalog</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-47"><a href="#L-47"><span class="linenos">47</span></a> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">DialectType</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-48"><a href="#L-48"><span class="linenos">48</span></a> <span class="n">rules</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Sequence</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Callable</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RULES</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-49"><a href="#L-49"><span class="linenos">49</span></a> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-50"><a href="#L-50"><span class="linenos">50</span></a><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Expression</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="L-51"><a href="#L-51"><span class="linenos">51</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""</span>
</span><span id="L-52"><a href="#L-52"><span class="linenos">52</span></a><span class="sd"> Rewrite a sqlglot AST into an optimized form.</span>
</span><span id="L-53"><a href="#L-53"><span class="linenos">53</span></a>
</span><span id="L-54"><a href="#L-54"><span class="linenos">54</span></a><span class="sd"> Args:</span>
</span><span id="L-55"><a href="#L-55"><span class="linenos">55</span></a><span class="sd"> expression: expression to optimize</span>
</span><span id="L-56"><a href="#L-56"><span class="linenos">56</span></a><span class="sd"> schema: database schema.</span>
</span><span id="L-57"><a href="#L-57"><span class="linenos">57</span></a><span class="sd"> This can either be an instance of `sqlglot.optimizer.Schema` or a mapping in one of</span>
</span><span id="L-58"><a href="#L-58"><span class="linenos">58</span></a><span class="sd"> the following forms:</span>
</span><span id="L-59"><a href="#L-59"><span class="linenos">59</span></a><span class="sd"> 1. {table: {col: type}}</span>
</span><span id="L-60"><a href="#L-60"><span class="linenos">60</span></a><span class="sd"> 2. {db: {table: {col: type}}}</span>
</span><span id="L-61"><a href="#L-61"><span class="linenos">61</span></a><span class="sd"> 3. {catalog: {db: {table: {col: type}}}}</span>
</span><span id="L-62"><a href="#L-62"><span class="linenos">62</span></a><span class="sd"> If no schema is provided then the default schema defined at `sqlgot.schema` will be used</span>
</span><span id="L-63"><a href="#L-63"><span class="linenos">63</span></a><span class="sd"> db: specify the default database, as might be set by a `USE DATABASE db` statement</span>
</span><span id="L-64"><a href="#L-64"><span class="linenos">64</span></a><span class="sd"> catalog: specify the default catalog, as might be set by a `USE CATALOG c` statement</span>
</span><span id="L-65"><a href="#L-65"><span class="linenos">65</span></a><span class="sd"> dialect: The dialect to parse the sql string.</span>
</span><span id="L-66"><a href="#L-66"><span class="linenos">66</span></a><span class="sd"> rules: sequence of optimizer rules to use.</span>
</span><span id="L-67"><a href="#L-67"><span class="linenos">67</span></a><span class="sd"> Many of the rules require tables and columns to be qualified.</span>
</span><span id="L-68"><a href="#L-68"><span class="linenos">68</span></a><span class="sd"> Do not remove `qualify` from the sequence of rules unless you know what you're doing!</span>
</span><span id="L-69"><a href="#L-69"><span class="linenos">69</span></a><span class="sd"> **kwargs: If a rule has a keyword argument with a same name in **kwargs, it will be passed in.</span>
</span><span id="L-70"><a href="#L-70"><span class="linenos">70</span></a>
</span><span id="L-71"><a href="#L-71"><span class="linenos">71</span></a><span class="sd"> Returns:</span>
</span><span id="L-72"><a href="#L-72"><span class="linenos">72</span></a><span class="sd"> The optimized expression.</span>
</span><span id="L-73"><a href="#L-73"><span class="linenos">73</span></a><span class="sd"> """</span>
</span><span id="L-74"><a href="#L-74"><span class="linenos">74</span></a> <span class="n">schema</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ensure_schema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">schema</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">sqlglot</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="L-75"><a href="#L-75"><span class="linenos">75</span></a> <span class="n">possible_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="L-76"><a href="#L-76"><span class="linenos">76</span></a> <span class="s2">"db"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-77"><a href="#L-77"><span class="linenos">77</span></a> <span class="s2">"catalog"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">catalog</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-78"><a href="#L-78"><span class="linenos">78</span></a> <span class="s2">"schema"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">schema</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-79"><a href="#L-79"><span class="linenos">79</span></a> <span class="s2">"dialect"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-80"><a href="#L-80"><span class="linenos">80</span></a> <span class="s2">"isolate_tables"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="c1"># needed for other optimizations to perform well</span>
</span><span id="L-81"><a href="#L-81"><span class="linenos">81</span></a> <span class="s2">"quote_identifiers"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-82"><a href="#L-82"><span class="linenos">82</span></a> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="L-83"><a href="#L-83"><span class="linenos">83</span></a> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="L-84"><a href="#L-84"><span class="linenos">84</span></a>
</span><span id="L-85"><a href="#L-85"><span class="linenos">85</span></a> <span class="n">expression</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">maybe_parse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">copy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="L-86"><a href="#L-86"><span class="linenos">86</span></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">rule</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="L-87"><a href="#L-87"><span class="linenos">87</span></a> <span class="c1"># Find any additional rule parameters, beyond `expression`</span>
</span><span id="L-88"><a href="#L-88"><span class="linenos">88</span></a> <span class="n">rule_params</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">rule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__code__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">co_varnames</span>
</span><span id="L-89"><a href="#L-89"><span class="linenos">89</span></a> <span class="n">rule_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="L-90"><a href="#L-90"><span class="linenos">90</span></a> <span class="n">param</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">possible_kwargs</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">param</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">param</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">rule_params</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">param</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">possible_kwargs</span>
</span><span id="L-91"><a href="#L-91"><span class="linenos">91</span></a> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="L-92"><a href="#L-92"><span class="linenos">92</span></a> <span class="n">expression</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">rule</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">rule_kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="L-93"><a href="#L-93"><span class="linenos">93</span></a>
</span><span id="L-94"><a href="#L-94"><span class="linenos">94</span></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Expression</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></pre></div>
</section>
<section id="RULES">
<div class="attr variable">
<span class="name">RULES</span> =
<input id="RULES-view-value" class="view-value-toggle-state" type="checkbox" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">
<label class="view-value-button pdoc-button" for="RULES-view-value"></label><span class="default_value">(<function qualify>, <function pushdown_projections>, <function normalize>, <function unnest_subqueries>, <function pushdown_predicates>, <function optimize_joins>, <function eliminate_subqueries>, <function merge_subqueries>, <function eliminate_joins>, <function eliminate_ctes>, <function quote_identifiers>, <function annotate_types>, <function canonicalize>, <function simplify>)</span>
</div>
<a class="headerlink" href="#RULES"></a>
</section>
<section id="optimize">
<input id="optimize-view-source" class="view-source-toggle-state" type="checkbox" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">
<div class="attr function">
<span class="def">def</span>
<span class="name">optimize</span><span class="signature pdoc-code multiline">(<span class="param"> <span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="n"><a href="../expressions.html#Expression">sqlglot.expressions.Expression</a></span>,</span><span class="param"> <span class="n">schema</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Union</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n"><a href="../schema.html#Schema">sqlglot.schema.Schema</a></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">NoneType</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>,</span><span class="param"> <span class="n">db</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>,</span><span class="param"> <span class="n">catalog</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>,</span><span class="param"> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Union</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n"><a href="../dialects/dialect.html#Dialect">sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect</a></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n"><a href="../dialects/dialect.html#Dialect">sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect</a></span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">NoneType</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>,</span><span class="param"> <span class="n">rules</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Sequence</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Callable</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">qualify</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6ad49510</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">pushdown_projections</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6ad48700</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">normalize</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adacf70</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">unnest_subqueries</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6ad49870</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">pushdown_predicates</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adaff40</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">optimize_joins</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adafbe0</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">eliminate_subqueries</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adaee60</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">merge_subqueries</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adaeef0</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">eliminate_joins</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adace50</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">eliminate_ctes</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adacd30</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">quote_identifiers</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6ad48ee0</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">annotate_types</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6ad30940</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">canonicalize</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adac790</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="n">simplify</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mh">0x7f2e6adad120</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">)</span>,</span><span class="param"> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span></span><span class="return-annotation">) -> <span class="n"><a href="../expressions.html#Expression">sqlglot.expressions.Expression</a></span>:</span></span>
<label class="view-source-button" for="optimize-view-source"><span>View Source</span></label>
</div>
<a class="headerlink" href="#optimize"></a>
<div class="pdoc-code codehilite"><pre><span></span><span id="optimize-43"><a href="#optimize-43"><span class="linenos">43</span></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">optimize</span><span class="p">(</span>
</span><span id="optimize-44"><a href="#optimize-44"><span class="linenos">44</span></a> <span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Expression</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-45"><a href="#optimize-45"><span class="linenos">45</span></a> <span class="n">schema</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">dict</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-46"><a href="#optimize-46"><span class="linenos">46</span></a> <span class="n">db</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-47"><a href="#optimize-47"><span class="linenos">47</span></a> <span class="n">catalog</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-48"><a href="#optimize-48"><span class="linenos">48</span></a> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">DialectType</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-49"><a href="#optimize-49"><span class="linenos">49</span></a> <span class="n">rules</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Sequence</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Callable</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RULES</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-50"><a href="#optimize-50"><span class="linenos">50</span></a> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-51"><a href="#optimize-51"><span class="linenos">51</span></a><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Expression</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="optimize-52"><a href="#optimize-52"><span class="linenos">52</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""</span>
</span><span id="optimize-53"><a href="#optimize-53"><span class="linenos">53</span></a><span class="sd"> Rewrite a sqlglot AST into an optimized form.</span>
</span><span id="optimize-54"><a href="#optimize-54"><span class="linenos">54</span></a>
</span><span id="optimize-55"><a href="#optimize-55"><span class="linenos">55</span></a><span class="sd"> Args:</span>
</span><span id="optimize-56"><a href="#optimize-56"><span class="linenos">56</span></a><span class="sd"> expression: expression to optimize</span>
</span><span id="optimize-57"><a href="#optimize-57"><span class="linenos">57</span></a><span class="sd"> schema: database schema.</span>
</span><span id="optimize-58"><a href="#optimize-58"><span class="linenos">58</span></a><span class="sd"> This can either be an instance of `sqlglot.optimizer.Schema` or a mapping in one of</span>
</span><span id="optimize-59"><a href="#optimize-59"><span class="linenos">59</span></a><span class="sd"> the following forms:</span>
</span><span id="optimize-60"><a href="#optimize-60"><span class="linenos">60</span></a><span class="sd"> 1. {table: {col: type}}</span>
</span><span id="optimize-61"><a href="#optimize-61"><span class="linenos">61</span></a><span class="sd"> 2. {db: {table: {col: type}}}</span>
</span><span id="optimize-62"><a href="#optimize-62"><span class="linenos">62</span></a><span class="sd"> 3. {catalog: {db: {table: {col: type}}}}</span>
</span><span id="optimize-63"><a href="#optimize-63"><span class="linenos">63</span></a><span class="sd"> If no schema is provided then the default schema defined at `sqlgot.schema` will be used</span>
</span><span id="optimize-64"><a href="#optimize-64"><span class="linenos">64</span></a><span class="sd"> db: specify the default database, as might be set by a `USE DATABASE db` statement</span>
</span><span id="optimize-65"><a href="#optimize-65"><span class="linenos">65</span></a><span class="sd"> catalog: specify the default catalog, as might be set by a `USE CATALOG c` statement</span>
</span><span id="optimize-66"><a href="#optimize-66"><span class="linenos">66</span></a><span class="sd"> dialect: The dialect to parse the sql string.</span>
</span><span id="optimize-67"><a href="#optimize-67"><span class="linenos">67</span></a><span class="sd"> rules: sequence of optimizer rules to use.</span>
</span><span id="optimize-68"><a href="#optimize-68"><span class="linenos">68</span></a><span class="sd"> Many of the rules require tables and columns to be qualified.</span>
</span><span id="optimize-69"><a href="#optimize-69"><span class="linenos">69</span></a><span class="sd"> Do not remove `qualify` from the sequence of rules unless you know what you're doing!</span>
</span><span id="optimize-70"><a href="#optimize-70"><span class="linenos">70</span></a><span class="sd"> **kwargs: If a rule has a keyword argument with a same name in **kwargs, it will be passed in.</span>
</span><span id="optimize-71"><a href="#optimize-71"><span class="linenos">71</span></a>
</span><span id="optimize-72"><a href="#optimize-72"><span class="linenos">72</span></a><span class="sd"> Returns:</span>
</span><span id="optimize-73"><a href="#optimize-73"><span class="linenos">73</span></a><span class="sd"> The optimized expression.</span>
</span><span id="optimize-74"><a href="#optimize-74"><span class="linenos">74</span></a><span class="sd"> """</span>
</span><span id="optimize-75"><a href="#optimize-75"><span class="linenos">75</span></a> <span class="n">schema</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ensure_schema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">schema</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">sqlglot</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="optimize-76"><a href="#optimize-76"><span class="linenos">76</span></a> <span class="n">possible_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="optimize-77"><a href="#optimize-77"><span class="linenos">77</span></a> <span class="s2">"db"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-78"><a href="#optimize-78"><span class="linenos">78</span></a> <span class="s2">"catalog"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">catalog</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-79"><a href="#optimize-79"><span class="linenos">79</span></a> <span class="s2">"schema"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">schema</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-80"><a href="#optimize-80"><span class="linenos">80</span></a> <span class="s2">"dialect"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-81"><a href="#optimize-81"><span class="linenos">81</span></a> <span class="s2">"isolate_tables"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="c1"># needed for other optimizations to perform well</span>
</span><span id="optimize-82"><a href="#optimize-82"><span class="linenos">82</span></a> <span class="s2">"quote_identifiers"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-83"><a href="#optimize-83"><span class="linenos">83</span></a> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="optimize-84"><a href="#optimize-84"><span class="linenos">84</span></a> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="optimize-85"><a href="#optimize-85"><span class="linenos">85</span></a>
</span><span id="optimize-86"><a href="#optimize-86"><span class="linenos">86</span></a> <span class="n">expression</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">maybe_parse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dialect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dialect</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">copy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="optimize-87"><a href="#optimize-87"><span class="linenos">87</span></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">rule</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="optimize-88"><a href="#optimize-88"><span class="linenos">88</span></a> <span class="c1"># Find any additional rule parameters, beyond `expression`</span>
</span><span id="optimize-89"><a href="#optimize-89"><span class="linenos">89</span></a> <span class="n">rule_params</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">rule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__code__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">co_varnames</span>
</span><span id="optimize-90"><a href="#optimize-90"><span class="linenos">90</span></a> <span class="n">rule_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span><span id="optimize-91"><a href="#optimize-91"><span class="linenos">91</span></a> <span class="n">param</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">possible_kwargs</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">param</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">param</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">rule_params</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">param</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">possible_kwargs</span>
</span><span id="optimize-92"><a href="#optimize-92"><span class="linenos">92</span></a> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span id="optimize-93"><a href="#optimize-93"><span class="linenos">93</span></a> <span class="n">expression</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">rule</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">rule_kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="optimize-94"><a href="#optimize-94"><span class="linenos">94</span></a>
</span><span id="optimize-95"><a href="#optimize-95"><span class="linenos">95</span></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Expression</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">expression</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></pre></div>
<div class="docstring"><p>Rewrite a sqlglot AST into an optimized form.</p>
<h6 id="arguments">Arguments:</h6>
<ul>
<li><strong>expression:</strong> expression to optimize</li>
<li><strong>schema:</strong> database schema.
This can either be an instance of <code>sqlglot.optimizer.Schema</code> or a mapping in one of
the following forms:
1. {table: {col: type}}
2. {db: {table: {col: type}}}
3. {catalog: {db: {table: {col: type}}}}
If no schema is provided then the default schema defined at <code>sqlgot.schema</code> will be used</li>
<li><strong>db:</strong> specify the default database, as might be set by a <code>USE DATABASE db</code> statement</li>
<li><strong>catalog:</strong> specify the default catalog, as might be set by a <code>USE CATALOG c</code> statement</li>
<li><strong>dialect:</strong> The dialect to parse the sql string.</li>
<li><strong>rules:</strong> sequence of optimizer rules to use.
Many of the rules require tables and columns to be qualified.
Do not remove <code>qualify</code> from the sequence of rules unless you know what you're doing!</li>
<li><strong><em>*kwargs:</strong> If a rule has a keyword argument with a same name in *</em>kwargs, it will be passed in.</li>
</ul>
<h6 id="returns">Returns:</h6>
<blockquote>
<p>The optimized expression.</p>
</blockquote>
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