Adding upstream version 4.19.249.upstream/4.19.249

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1031 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/cachefiles/namei.c b/fs/cachefiles/namei.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5ab411d4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/cachefiles/namei.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1031 @@
+/* CacheFiles path walking and related routines
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
+ * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/fsnotify.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include "internal.h"
+
+#define CACHEFILES_KEYBUF_SIZE 512
+
+/*
+ * dump debugging info about an object
+ */
+static noinline
+void __cachefiles_printk_object(struct cachefiles_object *object,
+				const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct fscache_cookie *cookie;
+	const u8 *k;
+	unsigned loop;
+
+	pr_err("%sobject: OBJ%x\n", prefix, object->fscache.debug_id);
+	pr_err("%sobjstate=%s fl=%lx wbusy=%x ev=%lx[%lx]\n",
+	       prefix, object->fscache.state->name,
+	       object->fscache.flags, work_busy(&object->fscache.work),
+	       object->fscache.events, object->fscache.event_mask);
+	pr_err("%sops=%u inp=%u exc=%u\n",
+	       prefix, object->fscache.n_ops, object->fscache.n_in_progress,
+	       object->fscache.n_exclusive);
+	pr_err("%sparent=%p\n",
+	       prefix, object->fscache.parent);
+
+	spin_lock(&object->fscache.lock);
+	cookie = object->fscache.cookie;
+	if (cookie) {
+		pr_err("%scookie=%p [pr=%p nd=%p fl=%lx]\n",
+		       prefix,
+		       object->fscache.cookie,
+		       object->fscache.cookie->parent,
+		       object->fscache.cookie->netfs_data,
+		       object->fscache.cookie->flags);
+		pr_err("%skey=[%u] '", prefix, cookie->key_len);
+		k = (cookie->key_len <= sizeof(cookie->inline_key)) ?
+			cookie->inline_key : cookie->key;
+		for (loop = 0; loop < cookie->key_len; loop++)
+			pr_cont("%02x", k[loop]);
+		pr_cont("'\n");
+	} else {
+		pr_err("%scookie=NULL\n", prefix);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&object->fscache.lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * dump debugging info about a pair of objects
+ */
+static noinline void cachefiles_printk_object(struct cachefiles_object *object,
+					      struct cachefiles_object *xobject)
+{
+	if (object)
+		__cachefiles_printk_object(object, "");
+	if (xobject)
+		__cachefiles_printk_object(xobject, "x");
+}
+
+/*
+ * mark the owner of a dentry, if there is one, to indicate that that dentry
+ * has been preemptively deleted
+ * - the caller must hold the i_mutex on the dentry's parent as required to
+ *   call vfs_unlink(), vfs_rmdir() or vfs_rename()
+ */
+static void cachefiles_mark_object_buried(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+					  struct dentry *dentry,
+					  enum fscache_why_object_killed why)
+{
+	struct cachefiles_object *object;
+	struct rb_node *p;
+
+	_enter(",'%pd'", dentry);
+
+	write_lock(&cache->active_lock);
+
+	p = cache->active_nodes.rb_node;
+	while (p) {
+		object = rb_entry(p, struct cachefiles_object, active_node);
+		if (object->dentry > dentry)
+			p = p->rb_left;
+		else if (object->dentry < dentry)
+			p = p->rb_right;
+		else
+			goto found_dentry;
+	}
+
+	write_unlock(&cache->active_lock);
+	trace_cachefiles_mark_buried(NULL, dentry, why);
+	_leave(" [no owner]");
+	return;
+
+	/* found the dentry for  */
+found_dentry:
+	kdebug("preemptive burial: OBJ%x [%s] %p",
+	       object->fscache.debug_id,
+	       object->fscache.state->name,
+	       dentry);
+
+	trace_cachefiles_mark_buried(object, dentry, why);
+
+	if (fscache_object_is_live(&object->fscache)) {
+		pr_err("\n");
+		pr_err("Error: Can't preemptively bury live object\n");
+		cachefiles_printk_object(object, NULL);
+	} else {
+		if (why != FSCACHE_OBJECT_IS_STALE)
+			fscache_object_mark_killed(&object->fscache, why);
+	}
+
+	write_unlock(&cache->active_lock);
+	_leave(" [owner marked]");
+}
+
+/*
+ * record the fact that an object is now active
+ */
+static int cachefiles_mark_object_active(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+					 struct cachefiles_object *object)
+{
+	struct cachefiles_object *xobject;
+	struct rb_node **_p, *_parent = NULL;
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+
+	_enter(",%p", object);
+
+try_again:
+	write_lock(&cache->active_lock);
+
+	dentry = object->dentry;
+	trace_cachefiles_mark_active(object, dentry);
+
+	if (test_and_set_bit(CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE, &object->flags)) {
+		pr_err("Error: Object already active\n");
+		cachefiles_printk_object(object, NULL);
+		BUG();
+	}
+
+	_p = &cache->active_nodes.rb_node;
+	while (*_p) {
+		_parent = *_p;
+		xobject = rb_entry(_parent,
+				   struct cachefiles_object, active_node);
+
+		ASSERT(xobject != object);
+
+		if (xobject->dentry > dentry)
+			_p = &(*_p)->rb_left;
+		else if (xobject->dentry < dentry)
+			_p = &(*_p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			goto wait_for_old_object;
+	}
+
+	rb_link_node(&object->active_node, _parent, _p);
+	rb_insert_color(&object->active_node, &cache->active_nodes);
+
+	write_unlock(&cache->active_lock);
+	_leave(" = 0");
+	return 0;
+
+	/* an old object from a previous incarnation is hogging the slot - we
+	 * need to wait for it to be destroyed */
+wait_for_old_object:
+	trace_cachefiles_wait_active(object, dentry, xobject);
+	clear_bit(CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE, &object->flags);
+
+	if (fscache_object_is_live(&xobject->fscache)) {
+		pr_err("\n");
+		pr_err("Error: Unexpected object collision\n");
+		cachefiles_printk_object(object, xobject);
+	}
+	atomic_inc(&xobject->usage);
+	write_unlock(&cache->active_lock);
+
+	if (test_bit(CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE, &xobject->flags)) {
+		wait_queue_head_t *wq;
+
+		signed long timeout = 60 * HZ;
+		wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+		bool requeue;
+
+		/* if the object we're waiting for is queued for processing,
+		 * then just put ourselves on the queue behind it */
+		if (work_pending(&xobject->fscache.work)) {
+			_debug("queue OBJ%x behind OBJ%x immediately",
+			       object->fscache.debug_id,
+			       xobject->fscache.debug_id);
+			goto requeue;
+		}
+
+		/* otherwise we sleep until either the object we're waiting for
+		 * is done, or the fscache_object is congested */
+		wq = bit_waitqueue(&xobject->flags, CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE);
+		init_wait(&wait);
+		requeue = false;
+		do {
+			prepare_to_wait(wq, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+			if (!test_bit(CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE, &xobject->flags))
+				break;
+
+			requeue = fscache_object_sleep_till_congested(&timeout);
+		} while (timeout > 0 && !requeue);
+		finish_wait(wq, &wait);
+
+		if (requeue &&
+		    test_bit(CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE, &xobject->flags)) {
+			_debug("queue OBJ%x behind OBJ%x after wait",
+			       object->fscache.debug_id,
+			       xobject->fscache.debug_id);
+			goto requeue;
+		}
+
+		if (timeout <= 0) {
+			pr_err("\n");
+			pr_err("Error: Overlong wait for old active object to go away\n");
+			cachefiles_printk_object(object, xobject);
+			goto requeue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ASSERT(!test_bit(CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE, &xobject->flags));
+
+	cache->cache.ops->put_object(&xobject->fscache,
+		(enum fscache_obj_ref_trace)cachefiles_obj_put_wait_retry);
+	goto try_again;
+
+requeue:
+	cache->cache.ops->put_object(&xobject->fscache,
+		(enum fscache_obj_ref_trace)cachefiles_obj_put_wait_timeo);
+	_leave(" = -ETIMEDOUT");
+	return -ETIMEDOUT;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Mark an object as being inactive.
+ */
+void cachefiles_mark_object_inactive(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+				     struct cachefiles_object *object,
+				     blkcnt_t i_blocks)
+{
+	struct dentry *dentry = object->dentry;
+	struct inode *inode = d_backing_inode(dentry);
+
+	trace_cachefiles_mark_inactive(object, dentry, inode);
+
+	write_lock(&cache->active_lock);
+	rb_erase(&object->active_node, &cache->active_nodes);
+	clear_bit(CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE, &object->flags);
+	write_unlock(&cache->active_lock);
+
+	wake_up_bit(&object->flags, CACHEFILES_OBJECT_ACTIVE);
+
+	/* This object can now be culled, so we need to let the daemon know
+	 * that there is something it can remove if it needs to.
+	 */
+	atomic_long_add(i_blocks, &cache->b_released);
+	if (atomic_inc_return(&cache->f_released))
+		cachefiles_state_changed(cache);
+}
+
+/*
+ * delete an object representation from the cache
+ * - file backed objects are unlinked
+ * - directory backed objects are stuffed into the graveyard for userspace to
+ *   delete
+ * - unlocks the directory mutex
+ */
+static int cachefiles_bury_object(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+				  struct cachefiles_object *object,
+				  struct dentry *dir,
+				  struct dentry *rep,
+				  bool preemptive,
+				  enum fscache_why_object_killed why)
+{
+	struct dentry *grave, *trap;
+	struct path path, path_to_graveyard;
+	char nbuffer[8 + 8 + 1];
+	int ret;
+
+	_enter(",'%pd','%pd'", dir, rep);
+
+	_debug("remove %p from %p", rep, dir);
+
+	/* non-directories can just be unlinked */
+	if (!d_is_dir(rep)) {
+		_debug("unlink stale object");
+
+		path.mnt = cache->mnt;
+		path.dentry = dir;
+		ret = security_path_unlink(&path, rep);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Unlink security error");
+		} else {
+			trace_cachefiles_unlink(object, rep, why);
+			ret = vfs_unlink(d_inode(dir), rep, NULL);
+
+			if (preemptive)
+				cachefiles_mark_object_buried(cache, rep, why);
+		}
+
+		inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+
+		if (ret == -EIO)
+			cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Unlink failed");
+
+		_leave(" = %d", ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	/* directories have to be moved to the graveyard */
+	_debug("move stale object to graveyard");
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+
+try_again:
+	/* first step is to make up a grave dentry in the graveyard */
+	sprintf(nbuffer, "%08x%08x",
+		(uint32_t) get_seconds(),
+		(uint32_t) atomic_inc_return(&cache->gravecounter));
+
+	/* do the multiway lock magic */
+	trap = lock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+
+	/* do some checks before getting the grave dentry */
+	if (rep->d_parent != dir || IS_DEADDIR(d_inode(rep))) {
+		/* the entry was probably culled when we dropped the parent dir
+		 * lock */
+		unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+		_leave(" = 0 [culled?]");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!d_can_lookup(cache->graveyard)) {
+		unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Graveyard no longer a directory");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	if (trap == rep) {
+		unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "May not make directory loop");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	if (d_mountpoint(rep)) {
+		unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Mountpoint in cache");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	grave = lookup_one_len(nbuffer, cache->graveyard, strlen(nbuffer));
+	if (IS_ERR(grave)) {
+		unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+
+		if (PTR_ERR(grave) == -ENOMEM) {
+			_leave(" = -ENOMEM");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Lookup error %ld",
+				    PTR_ERR(grave));
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	if (d_is_positive(grave)) {
+		unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+		dput(grave);
+		grave = NULL;
+		cond_resched();
+		goto try_again;
+	}
+
+	if (d_mountpoint(grave)) {
+		unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+		dput(grave);
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Mountpoint in graveyard");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	/* target should not be an ancestor of source */
+	if (trap == grave) {
+		unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+		dput(grave);
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "May not make directory loop");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	/* attempt the rename */
+	path.mnt = cache->mnt;
+	path.dentry = dir;
+	path_to_graveyard.mnt = cache->mnt;
+	path_to_graveyard.dentry = cache->graveyard;
+	ret = security_path_rename(&path, rep, &path_to_graveyard, grave, 0);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Rename security error %d", ret);
+	} else {
+		trace_cachefiles_rename(object, rep, grave, why);
+		ret = vfs_rename(d_inode(dir), rep,
+				 d_inode(cache->graveyard), grave, NULL, 0);
+		if (ret != 0 && ret != -ENOMEM)
+			cachefiles_io_error(cache,
+					    "Rename failed with error %d", ret);
+
+		if (preemptive)
+			cachefiles_mark_object_buried(cache, rep, why);
+	}
+
+	unlock_rename(cache->graveyard, dir);
+	dput(grave);
+	_leave(" = 0");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * delete an object representation from the cache
+ */
+int cachefiles_delete_object(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+			     struct cachefiles_object *object)
+{
+	struct dentry *dir;
+	int ret;
+
+	_enter(",OBJ%x{%p}", object->fscache.debug_id, object->dentry);
+
+	ASSERT(object->dentry);
+	ASSERT(d_backing_inode(object->dentry));
+	ASSERT(object->dentry->d_parent);
+
+	dir = dget_parent(object->dentry);
+
+	inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dir), I_MUTEX_PARENT);
+
+	if (test_bit(FSCACHE_OBJECT_KILLED_BY_CACHE, &object->fscache.flags)) {
+		/* object allocation for the same key preemptively deleted this
+		 * object's file so that it could create its own file */
+		_debug("object preemptively buried");
+		inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+		ret = 0;
+	} else {
+		/* we need to check that our parent is _still_ our parent - it
+		 * may have been renamed */
+		if (dir == object->dentry->d_parent) {
+			ret = cachefiles_bury_object(cache, object, dir,
+						     object->dentry, false,
+						     FSCACHE_OBJECT_WAS_RETIRED);
+		} else {
+			/* it got moved, presumably by cachefilesd culling it,
+			 * so it's no longer in the key path and we can ignore
+			 * it */
+			inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+			ret = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	dput(dir);
+	_leave(" = %d", ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * walk from the parent object to the child object through the backing
+ * filesystem, creating directories as we go
+ */
+int cachefiles_walk_to_object(struct cachefiles_object *parent,
+			      struct cachefiles_object *object,
+			      const char *key,
+			      struct cachefiles_xattr *auxdata)
+{
+	struct cachefiles_cache *cache;
+	struct dentry *dir, *next = NULL;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct path path;
+	unsigned long start;
+	const char *name;
+	int ret, nlen;
+
+	_enter("OBJ%x{%p},OBJ%x,%s,",
+	       parent->fscache.debug_id, parent->dentry,
+	       object->fscache.debug_id, key);
+
+	cache = container_of(parent->fscache.cache,
+			     struct cachefiles_cache, cache);
+	path.mnt = cache->mnt;
+
+	ASSERT(parent->dentry);
+	ASSERT(d_backing_inode(parent->dentry));
+
+	if (!(d_is_dir(parent->dentry))) {
+		// TODO: convert file to dir
+		_leave("looking up in none directory");
+		return -ENOBUFS;
+	}
+
+	dir = dget(parent->dentry);
+
+advance:
+	/* attempt to transit the first directory component */
+	name = key;
+	nlen = strlen(key);
+
+	/* key ends in a double NUL */
+	key = key + nlen + 1;
+	if (!*key)
+		key = NULL;
+
+lookup_again:
+	/* search the current directory for the element name */
+	_debug("lookup '%s'", name);
+
+	inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dir), I_MUTEX_PARENT);
+
+	start = jiffies;
+	next = lookup_one_len(name, dir, nlen);
+	cachefiles_hist(cachefiles_lookup_histogram, start);
+	if (IS_ERR(next)) {
+		trace_cachefiles_lookup(object, next, NULL);
+		goto lookup_error;
+	}
+
+	inode = d_backing_inode(next);
+	trace_cachefiles_lookup(object, next, inode);
+	_debug("next -> %p %s", next, inode ? "positive" : "negative");
+
+	if (!key)
+		object->new = !inode;
+
+	/* if this element of the path doesn't exist, then the lookup phase
+	 * failed, and we can release any readers in the certain knowledge that
+	 * there's nothing for them to actually read */
+	if (d_is_negative(next))
+		fscache_object_lookup_negative(&object->fscache);
+
+	/* we need to create the object if it's negative */
+	if (key || object->type == FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX) {
+		/* index objects and intervening tree levels must be subdirs */
+		if (d_is_negative(next)) {
+			ret = cachefiles_has_space(cache, 1, 0);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				goto no_space_error;
+
+			path.dentry = dir;
+			ret = security_path_mkdir(&path, next, 0);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				goto create_error;
+			start = jiffies;
+			ret = vfs_mkdir(d_inode(dir), next, 0);
+			cachefiles_hist(cachefiles_mkdir_histogram, start);
+			if (!key)
+				trace_cachefiles_mkdir(object, next, ret);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				goto create_error;
+
+			if (unlikely(d_unhashed(next))) {
+				dput(next);
+				inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+				goto lookup_again;
+			}
+			ASSERT(d_backing_inode(next));
+
+			_debug("mkdir -> %p{%p{ino=%lu}}",
+			       next, d_backing_inode(next), d_backing_inode(next)->i_ino);
+
+		} else if (!d_can_lookup(next)) {
+			pr_err("inode %lu is not a directory\n",
+			       d_backing_inode(next)->i_ino);
+			ret = -ENOBUFS;
+			goto error;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		/* non-index objects start out life as files */
+		if (d_is_negative(next)) {
+			ret = cachefiles_has_space(cache, 1, 0);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				goto no_space_error;
+
+			path.dentry = dir;
+			ret = security_path_mknod(&path, next, S_IFREG, 0);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				goto create_error;
+			start = jiffies;
+			ret = vfs_create(d_inode(dir), next, S_IFREG, true);
+			cachefiles_hist(cachefiles_create_histogram, start);
+			trace_cachefiles_create(object, next, ret);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				goto create_error;
+
+			ASSERT(d_backing_inode(next));
+
+			_debug("create -> %p{%p{ino=%lu}}",
+			       next, d_backing_inode(next), d_backing_inode(next)->i_ino);
+
+		} else if (!d_can_lookup(next) &&
+			   !d_is_reg(next)
+			   ) {
+			pr_err("inode %lu is not a file or directory\n",
+			       d_backing_inode(next)->i_ino);
+			ret = -ENOBUFS;
+			goto error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* process the next component */
+	if (key) {
+		_debug("advance");
+		inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+		dput(dir);
+		dir = next;
+		next = NULL;
+		goto advance;
+	}
+
+	/* we've found the object we were looking for */
+	object->dentry = next;
+
+	/* if we've found that the terminal object exists, then we need to
+	 * check its attributes and delete it if it's out of date */
+	if (!object->new) {
+		_debug("validate '%pd'", next);
+
+		ret = cachefiles_check_object_xattr(object, auxdata);
+		if (ret == -ESTALE) {
+			/* delete the object (the deleter drops the directory
+			 * mutex) */
+			object->dentry = NULL;
+
+			ret = cachefiles_bury_object(cache, object, dir, next,
+						     true,
+						     FSCACHE_OBJECT_IS_STALE);
+			dput(next);
+			next = NULL;
+
+			if (ret < 0)
+				goto delete_error;
+
+			_debug("redo lookup");
+			fscache_object_retrying_stale(&object->fscache);
+			goto lookup_again;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* note that we're now using this object */
+	ret = cachefiles_mark_object_active(cache, object);
+
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+	dput(dir);
+	dir = NULL;
+
+	if (ret == -ETIMEDOUT)
+		goto mark_active_timed_out;
+
+	_debug("=== OBTAINED_OBJECT ===");
+
+	if (object->new) {
+		/* attach data to a newly constructed terminal object */
+		ret = cachefiles_set_object_xattr(object, auxdata);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto check_error;
+	} else {
+		/* always update the atime on an object we've just looked up
+		 * (this is used to keep track of culling, and atimes are only
+		 * updated by read, write and readdir but not lookup or
+		 * open) */
+		path.dentry = next;
+		touch_atime(&path);
+	}
+
+	/* open a file interface onto a data file */
+	if (object->type != FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX) {
+		if (d_is_reg(object->dentry)) {
+			const struct address_space_operations *aops;
+
+			ret = -EPERM;
+			aops = d_backing_inode(object->dentry)->i_mapping->a_ops;
+			if (!aops->bmap)
+				goto check_error;
+			if (object->dentry->d_sb->s_blocksize > PAGE_SIZE)
+				goto check_error;
+
+			object->backer = object->dentry;
+		} else {
+			BUG(); // TODO: open file in data-class subdir
+		}
+	}
+
+	object->new = 0;
+	fscache_obtained_object(&object->fscache);
+
+	_leave(" = 0 [%lu]", d_backing_inode(object->dentry)->i_ino);
+	return 0;
+
+no_space_error:
+	fscache_object_mark_killed(&object->fscache, FSCACHE_OBJECT_NO_SPACE);
+create_error:
+	_debug("create error %d", ret);
+	if (ret == -EIO)
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Create/mkdir failed");
+	goto error;
+
+mark_active_timed_out:
+	_debug("mark active timed out");
+	goto release_dentry;
+
+check_error:
+	_debug("check error %d", ret);
+	cachefiles_mark_object_inactive(
+		cache, object, d_backing_inode(object->dentry)->i_blocks);
+release_dentry:
+	dput(object->dentry);
+	object->dentry = NULL;
+	goto error_out;
+
+delete_error:
+	_debug("delete error %d", ret);
+	goto error_out2;
+
+lookup_error:
+	_debug("lookup error %ld", PTR_ERR(next));
+	ret = PTR_ERR(next);
+	if (ret == -EIO)
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Lookup failed");
+	next = NULL;
+error:
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+	dput(next);
+error_out2:
+	dput(dir);
+error_out:
+	_leave(" = error %d", -ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * get a subdirectory
+ */
+struct dentry *cachefiles_get_directory(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+					struct dentry *dir,
+					const char *dirname)
+{
+	struct dentry *subdir;
+	unsigned long start;
+	struct path path;
+	int ret;
+
+	_enter(",,%s", dirname);
+
+	/* search the current directory for the element name */
+	inode_lock(d_inode(dir));
+
+retry:
+	start = jiffies;
+	subdir = lookup_one_len(dirname, dir, strlen(dirname));
+	cachefiles_hist(cachefiles_lookup_histogram, start);
+	if (IS_ERR(subdir)) {
+		if (PTR_ERR(subdir) == -ENOMEM)
+			goto nomem_d_alloc;
+		goto lookup_error;
+	}
+
+	_debug("subdir -> %p %s",
+	       subdir, d_backing_inode(subdir) ? "positive" : "negative");
+
+	/* we need to create the subdir if it doesn't exist yet */
+	if (d_is_negative(subdir)) {
+		ret = cachefiles_has_space(cache, 1, 0);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto mkdir_error;
+
+		_debug("attempt mkdir");
+
+		path.mnt = cache->mnt;
+		path.dentry = dir;
+		ret = security_path_mkdir(&path, subdir, 0700);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto mkdir_error;
+		ret = vfs_mkdir(d_inode(dir), subdir, 0700);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto mkdir_error;
+
+		if (unlikely(d_unhashed(subdir))) {
+			dput(subdir);
+			goto retry;
+		}
+		ASSERT(d_backing_inode(subdir));
+
+		_debug("mkdir -> %p{%p{ino=%lu}}",
+		       subdir,
+		       d_backing_inode(subdir),
+		       d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_ino);
+	}
+
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+
+	/* we need to make sure the subdir is a directory */
+	ASSERT(d_backing_inode(subdir));
+
+	if (!d_can_lookup(subdir)) {
+		pr_err("%s is not a directory\n", dirname);
+		ret = -EIO;
+		goto check_error;
+	}
+
+	ret = -EPERM;
+	if (!(d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_opflags & IOP_XATTR) ||
+	    !d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_op->lookup ||
+	    !d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_op->mkdir ||
+	    !d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_op->create ||
+	    !d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_op->rename ||
+	    !d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_op->rmdir ||
+	    !d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_op->unlink)
+		goto check_error;
+
+	_leave(" = [%lu]", d_backing_inode(subdir)->i_ino);
+	return subdir;
+
+check_error:
+	dput(subdir);
+	_leave(" = %d [check]", ret);
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+
+mkdir_error:
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+	dput(subdir);
+	pr_err("mkdir %s failed with error %d\n", dirname, ret);
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+
+lookup_error:
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+	ret = PTR_ERR(subdir);
+	pr_err("Lookup %s failed with error %d\n", dirname, ret);
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+
+nomem_d_alloc:
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+	_leave(" = -ENOMEM");
+	return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+}
+
+/*
+ * find out if an object is in use or not
+ * - if finds object and it's not in use:
+ *   - returns a pointer to the object and a reference on it
+ *   - returns with the directory locked
+ */
+static struct dentry *cachefiles_check_active(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+					      struct dentry *dir,
+					      char *filename)
+{
+	struct cachefiles_object *object;
+	struct rb_node *_n;
+	struct dentry *victim;
+	unsigned long start;
+	int ret;
+
+	//_enter(",%pd/,%s",
+	//       dir, filename);
+
+	/* look up the victim */
+	inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dir), I_MUTEX_PARENT);
+
+	start = jiffies;
+	victim = lookup_one_len(filename, dir, strlen(filename));
+	cachefiles_hist(cachefiles_lookup_histogram, start);
+	if (IS_ERR(victim))
+		goto lookup_error;
+
+	//_debug("victim -> %p %s",
+	//       victim, d_backing_inode(victim) ? "positive" : "negative");
+
+	/* if the object is no longer there then we probably retired the object
+	 * at the netfs's request whilst the cull was in progress
+	 */
+	if (d_is_negative(victim)) {
+		inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+		dput(victim);
+		_leave(" = -ENOENT [absent]");
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+	}
+
+	/* check to see if we're using this object */
+	read_lock(&cache->active_lock);
+
+	_n = cache->active_nodes.rb_node;
+
+	while (_n) {
+		object = rb_entry(_n, struct cachefiles_object, active_node);
+
+		if (object->dentry > victim)
+			_n = _n->rb_left;
+		else if (object->dentry < victim)
+			_n = _n->rb_right;
+		else
+			goto object_in_use;
+	}
+
+	read_unlock(&cache->active_lock);
+
+	//_leave(" = %p", victim);
+	return victim;
+
+object_in_use:
+	read_unlock(&cache->active_lock);
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+	dput(victim);
+	//_leave(" = -EBUSY [in use]");
+	return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
+
+lookup_error:
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+	ret = PTR_ERR(victim);
+	if (ret == -ENOENT) {
+		/* file or dir now absent - probably retired by netfs */
+		_leave(" = -ESTALE [absent]");
+		return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
+	}
+
+	if (ret == -EIO) {
+		cachefiles_io_error(cache, "Lookup failed");
+	} else if (ret != -ENOMEM) {
+		pr_err("Internal error: %d\n", ret);
+		ret = -EIO;
+	}
+
+	_leave(" = %d", ret);
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+}
+
+/*
+ * cull an object if it's not in use
+ * - called only by cache manager daemon
+ */
+int cachefiles_cull(struct cachefiles_cache *cache, struct dentry *dir,
+		    char *filename)
+{
+	struct dentry *victim;
+	int ret;
+
+	_enter(",%pd/,%s", dir, filename);
+
+	victim = cachefiles_check_active(cache, dir, filename);
+	if (IS_ERR(victim))
+		return PTR_ERR(victim);
+
+	_debug("victim -> %p %s",
+	       victim, d_backing_inode(victim) ? "positive" : "negative");
+
+	/* okay... the victim is not being used so we can cull it
+	 * - start by marking it as stale
+	 */
+	_debug("victim is cullable");
+
+	ret = cachefiles_remove_object_xattr(cache, victim);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto error_unlock;
+
+	/*  actually remove the victim (drops the dir mutex) */
+	_debug("bury");
+
+	ret = cachefiles_bury_object(cache, NULL, dir, victim, false,
+				     FSCACHE_OBJECT_WAS_CULLED);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	dput(victim);
+	_leave(" = 0");
+	return 0;
+
+error_unlock:
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+error:
+	dput(victim);
+	if (ret == -ENOENT) {
+		/* file or dir now absent - probably retired by netfs */
+		_leave(" = -ESTALE [absent]");
+		return -ESTALE;
+	}
+
+	if (ret != -ENOMEM) {
+		pr_err("Internal error: %d\n", ret);
+		ret = -EIO;
+	}
+
+	_leave(" = %d", ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * find out if an object is in use or not
+ * - called only by cache manager daemon
+ * - returns -EBUSY or 0 to indicate whether an object is in use or not
+ */
+int cachefiles_check_in_use(struct cachefiles_cache *cache, struct dentry *dir,
+			    char *filename)
+{
+	struct dentry *victim;
+
+	//_enter(",%pd/,%s",
+	//       dir, filename);
+
+	victim = cachefiles_check_active(cache, dir, filename);
+	if (IS_ERR(victim))
+		return PTR_ERR(victim);
+
+	inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+	dput(victim);
+	//_leave(" = 0");
+	return 0;
+}