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| author | Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> | 2024-05-07 02:04:06 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> | 2024-05-07 02:04:06 +0000 |
| commit | 5dff2d61cc1c27747ee398e04d8e02843aabb1f8 (patch) | |
| tree | a67c336b406c8227bac912beb74a1ad3cdc55100 /docs/manual/vhosts/name-based.html.en | |
| parent | Initial commit. (diff) | |
| download | apache2-upstream.tar.xz apache2-upstream.zip | |
Adding upstream version 2.4.38.upstream/2.4.38upstream
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/manual/vhosts/name-based.html.en')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/manual/vhosts/name-based.html.en | 224 |
1 files changed, 224 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/manual/vhosts/name-based.html.en b/docs/manual/vhosts/name-based.html.en new file mode 100644 index 0000000..257a134 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/manual/vhosts/name-based.html.en @@ -0,0 +1,224 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head> +<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type" /> +<!-- + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + --> +<title>Name-based Virtual Host Support - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title> +<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> +<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> +<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/css/prettify.css" /> +<script src="../style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript"> +</script> + +<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> +<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> +<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> +<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> +<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div> +<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div> +<div id="path"> +<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> > <a href="./">Virtual Hosts</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Name-based Virtual Host Support</h1> +<div class="toplang"> +<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | +<a href="../en/vhosts/name-based.html" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="../fr/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | +<a href="../ja/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | +<a href="../ko/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | +<a href="../tr/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> +</div> + + <p>This document describes when and how to use name-based virtual hosts.</p> +</div> +<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#namevip">Name-based vs. IP-based Virtual Hosts</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#alg">How the server selects the proper name-based virtual host</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Using Name-based Virtual Hosts</a></li> +</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="ip-based.html">IP-based Virtual Host Support</a></li><li><a href="details.html">An In-Depth Discussion of Virtual Host Matching</a></li><li><a href="mass.html">Dynamically configured mass virtual hosting</a></li><li><a href="examples.html">Virtual Host examples for common setups</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> +<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="namevip" id="namevip">Name-based vs. IP-based Virtual Hosts</a></h2> + + <p><a href="ip-based.html">IP-based virtual hosts</a> use the IP address of the connection to + determine the correct virtual host to serve. Therefore you need to + have a separate IP address for each host.</p> + + <p>With name-based virtual hosting, the server relies on the client to + report the hostname as part of the HTTP headers. Using this technique, + many different hosts can share the same IP address.</p> + + <p>Name-based virtual hosting is usually simpler, since you need + only configure your DNS server to map each hostname to the correct + IP address and then configure the Apache HTTP Server to recognize + the different hostnames. Name-based virtual hosting also eases + the demand for scarce IP addresses. Therefore you should use + name-based virtual hosting unless you are using equipment + that explicitly demands IP-based hosting. Historical reasons for + IP-based virtual hosting based on client support are no longer + applicable to a general-purpose web server.</p> + + <p> Name-based virtual hosting builds off of the IP-based virtual host + selection algorithm, meaning that searches for the proper server name + occur only between virtual hosts that have the best IP-based address.</p> + +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="alg" id="alg">How the server selects the proper name-based virtual host</a></h2> + + <p>It is important to recognize that the first step in name-based virtual + host resolution is IP-based resolution. Name-based virtual host + resolution only chooses the most appropriate name-based virtual host + after narrowing down the candidates to the best IP-based match. Using a wildcard (*) + for the IP address in all of the VirtualHost directives makes this + IP-based mapping irrelevant.</p> + + <p>When a request arrives, the server will find the best (most specific) matching + <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> argument based on + the IP address and port used by the request. If there is more than one virtual host + containing this best-match address and port combination, Apache will further + compare the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveralias">ServerAlias</a></code> directives to the server name + present in the request.</p> + + <p>If you omit the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> + directive from any name-based virtual host, the server will default + to a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) derived from the system hostname. + This implicitly set server name can lead to counter-intuitive virtual host + matching and is discouraged.</p> + + <h3><a name="defaultvhost" id="defaultvhost">The default name-based vhost for an IP and port combination </a></h3> + <p> If no matching ServerName or ServerAlias is found in the set of + virtual hosts containing the most specific matching IP address and port + combination, then <strong>the first listed virtual host</strong> that + matches that will be used.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="using" id="using">Using Name-based Virtual Hosts</a></h2> + +<table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/core.html">core</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveralias">ServerAlias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> + + <p>The first step is to create a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> block for + each different host that you would like to serve. Inside each <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> block, you will need at minimum a + <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> directive to designate + which host is served and a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> + directive to show where in the filesystem the content for that host + lives.</p> + + <div class="note"><h3>Main host goes away</h3> + <p> Any request that doesn't match an existing <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> is handled by the global + server configuration, regardless of the hostname or ServerName.</p> + + <p> When you add a name-based virtual host to an existing server, and + the virtual host arguments match preexisting IP and port combinations, + requests will now be handled by an explicit virtual host. In this case, + it's usually wise to create a <a href="#defaultvhost">default virtual host</a> + with a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> matching that of + the base server. New domains on the same interface and port, but + requiring separate configurations, can then be added as subsequent (non-default) + virtual hosts.</p> + </div> + + <div class="note"><h3>ServerName inheritance</h3> + <p> It is best to always explicitly list a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> in every name-based virtual host.</p> + <p>If a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> doesn't specify + a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>, a server name will be + inherited from the base server configuration. If no server name was + specified globally, one is detected at startup through reverse DNS resolution + of the first listening address. In either case, this inherited server name + will influence name-based virtual host resolution, so it is best to always + explicitly list a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> in every + name-based virtual host.</p> + </div> + + <p>For example, suppose that you are serving the domain + <code>www.example.com</code> and you wish to add the virtual host + <code>other.example.com</code>, which points at the same IP address. + Then you simply add the following to <code>httpd.conf</code>:</p> + + <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><VirtualHost *:80> + # This first-listed virtual host is also the default for *:80 + ServerName www.example.com + ServerAlias example.com + DocumentRoot "/www/domain" +</VirtualHost> + +<VirtualHost *:80> + ServerName other.example.com + DocumentRoot "/www/otherdomain" +</VirtualHost></pre> + + + <p>You can alternatively specify an explicit IP address in place of the + <code>*</code> in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> directives. For example, you might want to do this + in order to run some name-based virtual hosts on one IP address, and either + IP-based, or another set of name-based virtual hosts on another address.</p> + + <p>Many servers want to be accessible by more than one name. This is + possible with the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveralias">ServerAlias</a></code> + directive, placed inside the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> section. For example in the first <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> block above, the + <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveralias">ServerAlias</a></code> directive indicates that + the listed names are other names which people can use to see that same + web site:</p> + + <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">ServerAlias example.com *.example.com</pre> + + + <p>then requests for all hosts in the <code>example.com</code> domain will + be served by the <code>www.example.com</code> virtual host. The wildcard + characters <code>*</code> and <code>?</code> can be used to match names. + Of course, you can't just make up names and place them in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> or <code>ServerAlias</code>. You must + first have your DNS server properly configured to map those names to an IP + address associated with your server.</p> + + <p>Name-based virtual hosts for the best-matching set of <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><virtualhost></a></code>s are processed + in the order they appear in the configuration. The first matching <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveralias">ServerAlias</a></code> is used, with no different precedence for wildcards + (nor for ServerName vs. ServerAlias). </p> + + <p>The complete list of names in the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> + directive are treated just like a (non wildcard) + <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveralias">ServerAlias</a></code>.</p> + + <p>Finally, you can fine-tune the configuration of the virtual hosts + by placing other directives inside the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> containers. Most directives can be + placed in these containers and will then change the configuration only of + the relevant virtual host. To find out if a particular directive is allowed, + check the <a href="../mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> of the + directive. Configuration directives set in the <em>main server context</em> + (outside any <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> + container) will be used only if they are not overridden by the virtual host + settings.</p> + +</div></div> +<div class="bottomlang"> +<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | +<a href="../en/vhosts/name-based.html" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="../fr/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | +<a href="../ja/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | +<a href="../ko/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | +<a href="../tr/vhosts/name-based.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div> +<script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- +var comments_shortname = 'httpd'; +var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/vhosts/name-based.html'; +(function(w, d) { + if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") { + d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>'); + var s = d.createElement('script'); + s.type = 'text/javascript'; + s.async = true; + s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier; + (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s); + } + else { + d.write('<div id="comments_thread">Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/div>'); + } +})(window, document); +//--><!]]></script></div><div id="footer"> +<p class="apache">Copyright 2019 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> +<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- +if (typeof(prettyPrint) !== 'undefined') { + prettyPrint(); +} +//--><!]]></script> +</body></html>
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