Adding upstream version 4.19.249.upstream/4.19.249upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 5742 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/android/binder.c b/drivers/android/binder.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..35c13be4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/android/binder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5742 @@
+/* binder.c
+ *
+ * Android IPC Subsystem
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Google, Inc.
+ *
+ * This software is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public
+ * License version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation, and
+ * may be copied, distributed, and modified under those terms.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Locking overview
+ *
+ * There are 3 main spinlocks which must be acquired in the
+ * order shown:
+ *
+ * 1) proc->outer_lock : protects binder_ref
+ *    binder_proc_lock() and binder_proc_unlock() are
+ *    used to acq/rel.
+ * 2) node->lock : protects most fields of binder_node.
+ *    binder_node_lock() and binder_node_unlock() are
+ *    used to acq/rel
+ * 3) proc->inner_lock : protects the thread and node lists
+ *    (proc->threads, proc->waiting_threads, proc->nodes)
+ *    and all todo lists associated with the binder_proc
+ *    (proc->todo, thread->todo, proc->delivered_death and
+ *    node->async_todo), as well as thread->transaction_stack
+ *    binder_inner_proc_lock() and binder_inner_proc_unlock()
+ *    are used to acq/rel
+ *
+ * Any lock under procA must never be nested under any lock at the same
+ * level or below on procB.
+ *
+ * Functions that require a lock held on entry indicate which lock
+ * in the suffix of the function name:
+ *
+ * foo_olocked() : requires node->outer_lock
+ * foo_nlocked() : requires node->lock
+ * foo_ilocked() : requires proc->inner_lock
+ * foo_oilocked(): requires proc->outer_lock and proc->inner_lock
+ * foo_nilocked(): requires node->lock and proc->inner_lock
+ * ...
+ */
+
+#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
+
+#include <linux/fdtable.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/freezer.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
+#include <linux/poll.h>
+#include <linux/debugfs.h>
+#include <linux/rbtree.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
+
+#include <uapi/linux/android/binder.h>
+
+#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
+
+#include "binder_alloc.h"
+#include "binder_trace.h"
+
+static HLIST_HEAD(binder_deferred_list);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(binder_deferred_lock);
+
+static HLIST_HEAD(binder_devices);
+static HLIST_HEAD(binder_procs);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(binder_procs_lock);
+
+static HLIST_HEAD(binder_dead_nodes);
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+
+static struct dentry *binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root;
+static struct dentry *binder_debugfs_dir_entry_proc;
+static atomic_t binder_last_id;
+
+#define BINDER_DEBUG_ENTRY(name) \
+static int binder_##name##_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) \
+{ \
+	return single_open(file, binder_##name##_show, inode->i_private); \
+} \
+\
+static const struct file_operations binder_##name##_fops = { \
+	.owner = THIS_MODULE, \
+	.open = binder_##name##_open, \
+	.read = seq_read, \
+	.llseek = seq_lseek, \
+	.release = single_release, \
+}
+
+static int binder_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused);
+BINDER_DEBUG_ENTRY(proc);
+
+/* This is only defined in include/asm-arm/sizes.h */
+#ifndef SZ_1K
+#define SZ_1K                               0x400
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SZ_4M
+#define SZ_4M                               0x400000
+#endif
+
+#define FORBIDDEN_MMAP_FLAGS                (VM_WRITE)
+
+enum {
+	BINDER_DEBUG_USER_ERROR             = 1U << 0,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION     = 1U << 1,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION       = 1U << 2,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE             = 1U << 3,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER            = 1U << 4,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_DEATH_NOTIFICATION     = 1U << 5,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_READ_WRITE             = 1U << 6,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_USER_REFS              = 1U << 7,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS                = 1U << 8,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION            = 1U << 9,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE   = 1U << 10,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_FREE_BUFFER            = 1U << 11,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS          = 1U << 12,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_PRIORITY_CAP           = 1U << 13,
+	BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS              = 1U << 14,
+};
+static uint32_t binder_debug_mask = BINDER_DEBUG_USER_ERROR |
+	BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION | BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION;
+module_param_named(debug_mask, binder_debug_mask, uint, 0644);
+
+static char *binder_devices_param = CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_DEVICES;
+module_param_named(devices, binder_devices_param, charp, 0444);
+
+static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(binder_user_error_wait);
+static int binder_stop_on_user_error;
+
+static int binder_set_stop_on_user_error(const char *val,
+					 const struct kernel_param *kp)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = param_set_int(val, kp);
+	if (binder_stop_on_user_error < 2)
+		wake_up(&binder_user_error_wait);
+	return ret;
+}
+module_param_call(stop_on_user_error, binder_set_stop_on_user_error,
+	param_get_int, &binder_stop_on_user_error, 0644);
+
+#define binder_debug(mask, x...) \
+	do { \
+		if (binder_debug_mask & mask) \
+			pr_info_ratelimited(x); \
+	} while (0)
+
+#define binder_user_error(x...) \
+	do { \
+		if (binder_debug_mask & BINDER_DEBUG_USER_ERROR) \
+			pr_info_ratelimited(x); \
+		if (binder_stop_on_user_error) \
+			binder_stop_on_user_error = 2; \
+	} while (0)
+
+#define to_flat_binder_object(hdr) \
+	container_of(hdr, struct flat_binder_object, hdr)
+
+#define to_binder_fd_object(hdr) container_of(hdr, struct binder_fd_object, hdr)
+
+#define to_binder_buffer_object(hdr) \
+	container_of(hdr, struct binder_buffer_object, hdr)
+
+#define to_binder_fd_array_object(hdr) \
+	container_of(hdr, struct binder_fd_array_object, hdr)
+
+enum binder_stat_types {
+	BINDER_STAT_PROC,
+	BINDER_STAT_THREAD,
+	BINDER_STAT_NODE,
+	BINDER_STAT_REF,
+	BINDER_STAT_DEATH,
+	BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION,
+	BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE,
+	BINDER_STAT_COUNT
+};
+
+struct binder_stats {
+	atomic_t br[_IOC_NR(BR_FAILED_REPLY) + 1];
+	atomic_t bc[_IOC_NR(BC_REPLY_SG) + 1];
+	atomic_t obj_created[BINDER_STAT_COUNT];
+	atomic_t obj_deleted[BINDER_STAT_COUNT];
+};
+
+static struct binder_stats binder_stats;
+
+static inline void binder_stats_deleted(enum binder_stat_types type)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&binder_stats.obj_deleted[type]);
+}
+
+static inline void binder_stats_created(enum binder_stat_types type)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&binder_stats.obj_created[type]);
+}
+
+struct binder_transaction_log_entry {
+	int debug_id;
+	int debug_id_done;
+	int call_type;
+	int from_proc;
+	int from_thread;
+	int target_handle;
+	int to_proc;
+	int to_thread;
+	int to_node;
+	int data_size;
+	int offsets_size;
+	int return_error_line;
+	uint32_t return_error;
+	uint32_t return_error_param;
+	const char *context_name;
+};
+struct binder_transaction_log {
+	atomic_t cur;
+	bool full;
+	struct binder_transaction_log_entry entry[32];
+};
+static struct binder_transaction_log binder_transaction_log;
+static struct binder_transaction_log binder_transaction_log_failed;
+
+static struct binder_transaction_log_entry *binder_transaction_log_add(
+	struct binder_transaction_log *log)
+{
+	struct binder_transaction_log_entry *e;
+	unsigned int cur = atomic_inc_return(&log->cur);
+
+	if (cur >= ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry))
+		log->full = true;
+	e = &log->entry[cur % ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry)];
+	WRITE_ONCE(e->debug_id_done, 0);
+	/*
+	 * write-barrier to synchronize access to e->debug_id_done.
+	 * We make sure the initialized 0 value is seen before
+	 * memset() other fields are zeroed by memset.
+	 */
+	smp_wmb();
+	memset(e, 0, sizeof(*e));
+	return e;
+}
+
+struct binder_context {
+	struct binder_node *binder_context_mgr_node;
+	struct mutex context_mgr_node_lock;
+
+	kuid_t binder_context_mgr_uid;
+	const char *name;
+};
+
+struct binder_device {
+	struct hlist_node hlist;
+	struct miscdevice miscdev;
+	struct binder_context context;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_work - work enqueued on a worklist
+ * @entry:             node enqueued on list
+ * @type:              type of work to be performed
+ *
+ * There are separate work lists for proc, thread, and node (async).
+ */
+struct binder_work {
+	struct list_head entry;
+
+	enum binder_work_type {
+		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION = 1,
+		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE,
+		BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR,
+		BINDER_WORK_NODE,
+		BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER,
+		BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR,
+		BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION,
+	} type;
+};
+
+struct binder_error {
+	struct binder_work work;
+	uint32_t cmd;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_node - binder node bookkeeping
+ * @debug_id:             unique ID for debugging
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @lock:                 lock for node fields
+ * @work:                 worklist element for node work
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ * @rb_node:              element for proc->nodes tree
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ * @dead_node:            element for binder_dead_nodes list
+ *                        (protected by binder_dead_nodes_lock)
+ * @proc:                 binder_proc that owns this node
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @refs:                 list of references on this node
+ *                        (protected by @lock)
+ * @internal_strong_refs: used to take strong references when
+ *                        initiating a transaction
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
+ *                        and by @lock)
+ * @local_weak_refs:      weak user refs from local process
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
+ *                        and by @lock)
+ * @local_strong_refs:    strong user refs from local process
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
+ *                        and by @lock)
+ * @tmp_refs:             temporary kernel refs
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock while @proc
+ *                        is valid, and by binder_dead_nodes_lock
+ *                        if @proc is NULL. During inc/dec and node release
+ *                        it is also protected by @lock to provide safety
+ *                        as the node dies and @proc becomes NULL)
+ * @ptr:                  userspace pointer for node
+ *                        (invariant, no lock needed)
+ * @cookie:               userspace cookie for node
+ *                        (invariant, no lock needed)
+ * @has_strong_ref:       userspace notified of strong ref
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
+ *                        and by @lock)
+ * @pending_strong_ref:   userspace has acked notification of strong ref
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
+ *                        and by @lock)
+ * @has_weak_ref:         userspace notified of weak ref
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
+ *                        and by @lock)
+ * @pending_weak_ref:     userspace has acked notification of weak ref
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
+ *                        and by @lock)
+ * @has_async_transaction: async transaction to node in progress
+ *                        (protected by @lock)
+ * @accept_fds:           file descriptor operations supported for node
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @min_priority:         minimum scheduling priority
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @async_todo:           list of async work items
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ *
+ * Bookkeeping structure for binder nodes.
+ */
+struct binder_node {
+	int debug_id;
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	struct binder_work work;
+	union {
+		struct rb_node rb_node;
+		struct hlist_node dead_node;
+	};
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+	struct hlist_head refs;
+	int internal_strong_refs;
+	int local_weak_refs;
+	int local_strong_refs;
+	int tmp_refs;
+	binder_uintptr_t ptr;
+	binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+	struct {
+		/*
+		 * bitfield elements protected by
+		 * proc inner_lock
+		 */
+		u8 has_strong_ref:1;
+		u8 pending_strong_ref:1;
+		u8 has_weak_ref:1;
+		u8 pending_weak_ref:1;
+	};
+	struct {
+		/*
+		 * invariant after initialization
+		 */
+		u8 accept_fds:1;
+		u8 min_priority;
+	};
+	bool has_async_transaction;
+	struct list_head async_todo;
+};
+
+struct binder_ref_death {
+	/**
+	 * @work: worklist element for death notifications
+	 *        (protected by inner_lock of the proc that
+	 *        this ref belongs to)
+	 */
+	struct binder_work work;
+	binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_ref_data - binder_ref counts and id
+ * @debug_id:        unique ID for the ref
+ * @desc:            unique userspace handle for ref
+ * @strong:          strong ref count (debugging only if not locked)
+ * @weak:            weak ref count (debugging only if not locked)
+ *
+ * Structure to hold ref count and ref id information. Since
+ * the actual ref can only be accessed with a lock, this structure
+ * is used to return information about the ref to callers of
+ * ref inc/dec functions.
+ */
+struct binder_ref_data {
+	int debug_id;
+	uint32_t desc;
+	int strong;
+	int weak;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_ref - struct to track references on nodes
+ * @data:        binder_ref_data containing id, handle, and current refcounts
+ * @rb_node_desc: node for lookup by @data.desc in proc's rb_tree
+ * @rb_node_node: node for lookup by @node in proc's rb_tree
+ * @node_entry:  list entry for node->refs list in target node
+ *               (protected by @node->lock)
+ * @proc:        binder_proc containing ref
+ * @node:        binder_node of target node. When cleaning up a
+ *               ref for deletion in binder_cleanup_ref, a non-NULL
+ *               @node indicates the node must be freed
+ * @death:       pointer to death notification (ref_death) if requested
+ *               (protected by @node->lock)
+ *
+ * Structure to track references from procA to target node (on procB). This
+ * structure is unsafe to access without holding @proc->outer_lock.
+ */
+struct binder_ref {
+	/* Lookups needed: */
+	/*   node + proc => ref (transaction) */
+	/*   desc + proc => ref (transaction, inc/dec ref) */
+	/*   node => refs + procs (proc exit) */
+	struct binder_ref_data data;
+	struct rb_node rb_node_desc;
+	struct rb_node rb_node_node;
+	struct hlist_node node_entry;
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_ref_death *death;
+};
+
+enum binder_deferred_state {
+	BINDER_DEFERRED_PUT_FILES    = 0x01,
+	BINDER_DEFERRED_FLUSH        = 0x02,
+	BINDER_DEFERRED_RELEASE      = 0x04,
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_proc - binder process bookkeeping
+ * @proc_node:            element for binder_procs list
+ * @threads:              rbtree of binder_threads in this proc
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @nodes:                rbtree of binder nodes associated with
+ *                        this proc ordered by node->ptr
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @refs_by_desc:         rbtree of refs ordered by ref->desc
+ *                        (protected by @outer_lock)
+ * @refs_by_node:         rbtree of refs ordered by ref->node
+ *                        (protected by @outer_lock)
+ * @waiting_threads:      threads currently waiting for proc work
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @pid                   PID of group_leader of process
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @tsk                   task_struct for group_leader of process
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @files                 files_struct for process
+ *                        (protected by @files_lock)
+ * @files_lock            mutex to protect @files
+ * @cred                  struct cred associated with the `struct file`
+ *                        in binder_open()
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @deferred_work_node:   element for binder_deferred_list
+ *                        (protected by binder_deferred_lock)
+ * @deferred_work:        bitmap of deferred work to perform
+ *                        (protected by binder_deferred_lock)
+ * @is_dead:              process is dead and awaiting free
+ *                        when outstanding transactions are cleaned up
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @todo:                 list of work for this process
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @stats:                per-process binder statistics
+ *                        (atomics, no lock needed)
+ * @delivered_death:      list of delivered death notification
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @max_threads:          cap on number of binder threads
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @requested_threads:    number of binder threads requested but not
+ *                        yet started. In current implementation, can
+ *                        only be 0 or 1.
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @requested_threads_started: number binder threads started
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @tmp_ref:              temporary reference to indicate proc is in use
+ *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
+ * @default_priority:     default scheduler priority
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @debugfs_entry:        debugfs node
+ * @alloc:                binder allocator bookkeeping
+ * @context:              binder_context for this proc
+ *                        (invariant after initialized)
+ * @inner_lock:           can nest under outer_lock and/or node lock
+ * @outer_lock:           no nesting under innor or node lock
+ *                        Lock order: 1) outer, 2) node, 3) inner
+ *
+ * Bookkeeping structure for binder processes
+ */
+struct binder_proc {
+	struct hlist_node proc_node;
+	struct rb_root threads;
+	struct rb_root nodes;
+	struct rb_root refs_by_desc;
+	struct rb_root refs_by_node;
+	struct list_head waiting_threads;
+	int pid;
+	struct task_struct *tsk;
+	struct files_struct *files;
+	struct mutex files_lock;
+	const struct cred *cred;
+	struct hlist_node deferred_work_node;
+	int deferred_work;
+	bool is_dead;
+
+	struct list_head todo;
+	struct binder_stats stats;
+	struct list_head delivered_death;
+	int max_threads;
+	int requested_threads;
+	int requested_threads_started;
+	int tmp_ref;
+	long default_priority;
+	struct dentry *debugfs_entry;
+	struct binder_alloc alloc;
+	struct binder_context *context;
+	spinlock_t inner_lock;
+	spinlock_t outer_lock;
+};
+
+enum {
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED  = 0x01,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED     = 0x02,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_EXITED      = 0x04,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_INVALID     = 0x08,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_WAITING     = 0x10,
+	BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL        = 0x20,
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct binder_thread - binder thread bookkeeping
+ * @proc:                 binder process for this thread
+ *                        (invariant after initialization)
+ * @rb_node:              element for proc->threads rbtree
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ * @waiting_thread_node:  element for @proc->waiting_threads list
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ * @pid:                  PID for this thread
+ *                        (invariant after initialization)
+ * @looper:               bitmap of looping state
+ *                        (only accessed by this thread)
+ * @looper_needs_return:  looping thread needs to exit driver
+ *                        (no lock needed)
+ * @transaction_stack:    stack of in-progress transactions for this thread
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ * @todo:                 list of work to do for this thread
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ * @process_todo:         whether work in @todo should be processed
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ * @return_error:         transaction errors reported by this thread
+ *                        (only accessed by this thread)
+ * @reply_error:          transaction errors reported by target thread
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ * @wait:                 wait queue for thread work
+ * @stats:                per-thread statistics
+ *                        (atomics, no lock needed)
+ * @tmp_ref:              temporary reference to indicate thread is in use
+ *                        (atomic since @proc->inner_lock cannot
+ *                        always be acquired)
+ * @is_dead:              thread is dead and awaiting free
+ *                        when outstanding transactions are cleaned up
+ *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
+ *
+ * Bookkeeping structure for binder threads.
+ */
+struct binder_thread {
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+	struct rb_node rb_node;
+	struct list_head waiting_thread_node;
+	int pid;
+	int looper;              /* only modified by this thread */
+	bool looper_need_return; /* can be written by other thread */
+	struct binder_transaction *transaction_stack;
+	struct list_head todo;
+	bool process_todo;
+	struct binder_error return_error;
+	struct binder_error reply_error;
+	wait_queue_head_t wait;
+	struct binder_stats stats;
+	atomic_t tmp_ref;
+	bool is_dead;
+};
+
+struct binder_transaction {
+	int debug_id;
+	struct binder_work work;
+	struct binder_thread *from;
+	struct binder_transaction *from_parent;
+	struct binder_proc *to_proc;
+	struct binder_thread *to_thread;
+	struct binder_transaction *to_parent;
+	unsigned need_reply:1;
+	/* unsigned is_dead:1; */	/* not used at the moment */
+
+	struct binder_buffer *buffer;
+	unsigned int	code;
+	unsigned int	flags;
+	long	priority;
+	long	saved_priority;
+	kuid_t	sender_euid;
+	/**
+	 * @lock:  protects @from, @to_proc, and @to_thread
+	 *
+	 * @from, @to_proc, and @to_thread can be set to NULL
+	 * during thread teardown
+	 */
+	spinlock_t lock;
+};
+
+/**
+ * binder_proc_lock() - Acquire outer lock for given binder_proc
+ * @proc:         struct binder_proc to acquire
+ *
+ * Acquires proc->outer_lock. Used to protect binder_ref
+ * structures associated with the given proc.
+ */
+#define binder_proc_lock(proc) _binder_proc_lock(proc, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_proc_lock(struct binder_proc *proc, int line)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_lock(&proc->outer_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_proc_unlock() - Release spinlock for given binder_proc
+ * @proc:         struct binder_proc to acquire
+ *
+ * Release lock acquired via binder_proc_lock()
+ */
+#define binder_proc_unlock(_proc) _binder_proc_unlock(_proc, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_proc_unlock(struct binder_proc *proc, int line)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_unlock(&proc->outer_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_inner_proc_lock() - Acquire inner lock for given binder_proc
+ * @proc:         struct binder_proc to acquire
+ *
+ * Acquires proc->inner_lock. Used to protect todo lists
+ */
+#define binder_inner_proc_lock(proc) _binder_inner_proc_lock(proc, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_inner_proc_lock(struct binder_proc *proc, int line)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_lock(&proc->inner_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_inner_proc_unlock() - Release inner lock for given binder_proc
+ * @proc:         struct binder_proc to acquire
+ *
+ * Release lock acquired via binder_inner_proc_lock()
+ */
+#define binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc) _binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_inner_proc_unlock(struct binder_proc *proc, int line)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_unlock(&proc->inner_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_node_lock() - Acquire spinlock for given binder_node
+ * @node:         struct binder_node to acquire
+ *
+ * Acquires node->lock. Used to protect binder_node fields
+ */
+#define binder_node_lock(node) _binder_node_lock(node, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_node_lock(struct binder_node *node, int line)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_lock(&node->lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_node_unlock() - Release spinlock for given binder_proc
+ * @node:         struct binder_node to acquire
+ *
+ * Release lock acquired via binder_node_lock()
+ */
+#define binder_node_unlock(node) _binder_node_unlock(node, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_node_unlock(struct binder_node *node, int line)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_unlock(&node->lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_node_inner_lock() - Acquire node and inner locks
+ * @node:         struct binder_node to acquire
+ *
+ * Acquires node->lock. If node->proc also acquires
+ * proc->inner_lock. Used to protect binder_node fields
+ */
+#define binder_node_inner_lock(node) _binder_node_inner_lock(node, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_node_inner_lock(struct binder_node *node, int line)
+{
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	spin_lock(&node->lock);
+	if (node->proc)
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(node->proc);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_node_unlock() - Release node and inner locks
+ * @node:         struct binder_node to acquire
+ *
+ * Release lock acquired via binder_node_lock()
+ */
+#define binder_node_inner_unlock(node) _binder_node_inner_unlock(node, __LINE__)
+static void
+_binder_node_inner_unlock(struct binder_node *node, int line)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = node->proc;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_SPINLOCKS,
+		     "%s: line=%d\n", __func__, line);
+	if (proc)
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	spin_unlock(&node->lock);
+}
+
+static bool binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(struct list_head *list)
+{
+	return list_empty(list);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_worklist_empty() - Check if no items on the work list
+ * @proc:       binder_proc associated with list
+ * @list:	list to check
+ *
+ * Return: true if there are no items on list, else false
+ */
+static bool binder_worklist_empty(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				  struct list_head *list)
+{
+	bool ret;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	ret = binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(list);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_enqueue_work_ilocked() - Add an item to the work list
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to add to list
+ * @target_list:  list to add work to
+ *
+ * Adds the work to the specified list. Asserts that work
+ * is not already on a list.
+ *
+ * Requires the proc->inner_lock to be held.
+ */
+static void
+binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(struct binder_work *work,
+			   struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	BUG_ON(target_list == NULL);
+	BUG_ON(work->entry.next && !list_empty(&work->entry));
+	list_add_tail(&work->entry, target_list);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_enqueue_deferred_thread_work_ilocked() - Add deferred thread work
+ * @thread:       thread to queue work to
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to add to list
+ *
+ * Adds the work to the todo list of the thread. Doesn't set the process_todo
+ * flag, which means that (if it wasn't already set) the thread will go to
+ * sleep without handling this work when it calls read.
+ *
+ * Requires the proc->inner_lock to be held.
+ */
+static void
+binder_enqueue_deferred_thread_work_ilocked(struct binder_thread *thread,
+					    struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	WARN_ON(!list_empty(&thread->waiting_thread_node));
+	binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(work, &thread->todo);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked() - Add an item to the thread work list
+ * @thread:       thread to queue work to
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to add to list
+ *
+ * Adds the work to the todo list of the thread, and enables processing
+ * of the todo queue.
+ *
+ * Requires the proc->inner_lock to be held.
+ */
+static void
+binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(struct binder_thread *thread,
+				   struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	WARN_ON(!list_empty(&thread->waiting_thread_node));
+	binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(work, &thread->todo);
+	thread->process_todo = true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_enqueue_thread_work() - Add an item to the thread work list
+ * @thread:       thread to queue work to
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to add to list
+ *
+ * Adds the work to the todo list of the thread, and enables processing
+ * of the todo queue.
+ */
+static void
+binder_enqueue_thread_work(struct binder_thread *thread,
+			   struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(thread, work);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+}
+
+static void
+binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	list_del_init(&work->entry);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_dequeue_work() - Removes an item from the work list
+ * @proc:         binder_proc associated with list
+ * @work:         struct binder_work to remove from list
+ *
+ * Removes the specified work item from whatever list it is on.
+ * Can safely be called if work is not on any list.
+ */
+static void
+binder_dequeue_work(struct binder_proc *proc, struct binder_work *work)
+{
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(work);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+}
+
+static struct binder_work *binder_dequeue_work_head_ilocked(
+					struct list_head *list)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+
+	w = list_first_entry_or_null(list, struct binder_work, entry);
+	if (w)
+		list_del_init(&w->entry);
+	return w;
+}
+
+static void
+binder_defer_work(struct binder_proc *proc, enum binder_deferred_state defer);
+static void binder_free_thread(struct binder_thread *thread);
+static void binder_free_proc(struct binder_proc *proc);
+static void binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(struct binder_node *node);
+
+static int task_get_unused_fd_flags(struct binder_proc *proc, int flags)
+{
+	unsigned long rlim_cur;
+	unsigned long irqs;
+	int ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&proc->files_lock);
+	if (proc->files == NULL) {
+		ret = -ESRCH;
+		goto err;
+	}
+	if (!lock_task_sighand(proc->tsk, &irqs)) {
+		ret = -EMFILE;
+		goto err;
+	}
+	rlim_cur = task_rlimit(proc->tsk, RLIMIT_NOFILE);
+	unlock_task_sighand(proc->tsk, &irqs);
+
+	ret = __alloc_fd(proc->files, 0, rlim_cur, flags);
+err:
+	mutex_unlock(&proc->files_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * copied from fd_install
+ */
+static void task_fd_install(
+	struct binder_proc *proc, unsigned int fd, struct file *file)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&proc->files_lock);
+	if (proc->files)
+		__fd_install(proc->files, fd, file);
+	mutex_unlock(&proc->files_lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * copied from sys_close
+ */
+static long task_close_fd(struct binder_proc *proc, unsigned int fd)
+{
+	int retval;
+
+	mutex_lock(&proc->files_lock);
+	if (proc->files == NULL) {
+		retval = -ESRCH;
+		goto err;
+	}
+	retval = __close_fd(proc->files, fd);
+	/* can't restart close syscall because file table entry was cleared */
+	if (unlikely(retval == -ERESTARTSYS ||
+		     retval == -ERESTARTNOINTR ||
+		     retval == -ERESTARTNOHAND ||
+		     retval == -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK))
+		retval = -EINTR;
+err:
+	mutex_unlock(&proc->files_lock);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static bool binder_has_work_ilocked(struct binder_thread *thread,
+				    bool do_proc_work)
+{
+	return thread->process_todo ||
+		thread->looper_need_return ||
+		(do_proc_work &&
+		 !binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&thread->proc->todo));
+}
+
+static bool binder_has_work(struct binder_thread *thread, bool do_proc_work)
+{
+	bool has_work;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	has_work = binder_has_work_ilocked(thread, do_proc_work);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+
+	return has_work;
+}
+
+static bool binder_available_for_proc_work_ilocked(struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	return !thread->transaction_stack &&
+		binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&thread->todo) &&
+		(thread->looper & (BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED |
+				   BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED));
+}
+
+static void binder_wakeup_poll_threads_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					       bool sync)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		thread = rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+		if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL &&
+		    binder_available_for_proc_work_ilocked(thread)) {
+			if (sync)
+				wake_up_interruptible_sync(&thread->wait);
+			else
+				wake_up_interruptible(&thread->wait);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_select_thread_ilocked() - selects a thread for doing proc work.
+ * @proc:	process to select a thread from
+ *
+ * Note that calling this function moves the thread off the waiting_threads
+ * list, so it can only be woken up by the caller of this function, or a
+ * signal. Therefore, callers *should* always wake up the thread this function
+ * returns.
+ *
+ * Return:	If there's a thread currently waiting for process work,
+ *		returns that thread. Otherwise returns NULL.
+ */
+static struct binder_thread *
+binder_select_thread_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+	thread = list_first_entry_or_null(&proc->waiting_threads,
+					  struct binder_thread,
+					  waiting_thread_node);
+
+	if (thread)
+		list_del_init(&thread->waiting_thread_node);
+
+	return thread;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_wakeup_thread_ilocked() - wakes up a thread for doing proc work.
+ * @proc:	process to wake up a thread in
+ * @thread:	specific thread to wake-up (may be NULL)
+ * @sync:	whether to do a synchronous wake-up
+ *
+ * This function wakes up a thread in the @proc process.
+ * The caller may provide a specific thread to wake-up in
+ * the @thread parameter. If @thread is NULL, this function
+ * will wake up threads that have called poll().
+ *
+ * Note that for this function to work as expected, callers
+ * should first call binder_select_thread() to find a thread
+ * to handle the work (if they don't have a thread already),
+ * and pass the result into the @thread parameter.
+ */
+static void binder_wakeup_thread_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					 struct binder_thread *thread,
+					 bool sync)
+{
+	assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+
+	if (thread) {
+		if (sync)
+			wake_up_interruptible_sync(&thread->wait);
+		else
+			wake_up_interruptible(&thread->wait);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Didn't find a thread waiting for proc work; this can happen
+	 * in two scenarios:
+	 * 1. All threads are busy handling transactions
+	 *    In that case, one of those threads should call back into
+	 *    the kernel driver soon and pick up this work.
+	 * 2. Threads are using the (e)poll interface, in which case
+	 *    they may be blocked on the waitqueue without having been
+	 *    added to waiting_threads. For this case, we just iterate
+	 *    over all threads not handling transaction work, and
+	 *    wake them all up. We wake all because we don't know whether
+	 *    a thread that called into (e)poll is handling non-binder
+	 *    work currently.
+	 */
+	binder_wakeup_poll_threads_ilocked(proc, sync);
+}
+
+static void binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *thread = binder_select_thread_ilocked(proc);
+
+	binder_wakeup_thread_ilocked(proc, thread, /* sync = */false);
+}
+
+static void binder_set_nice(long nice)
+{
+	long min_nice;
+
+	if (can_nice(current, nice)) {
+		set_user_nice(current, nice);
+		return;
+	}
+	min_nice = rlimit_to_nice(rlimit(RLIMIT_NICE));
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_PRIORITY_CAP,
+		     "%d: nice value %ld not allowed use %ld instead\n",
+		      current->pid, nice, min_nice);
+	set_user_nice(current, min_nice);
+	if (min_nice <= MAX_NICE)
+		return;
+	binder_user_error("%d RLIMIT_NICE not set\n", current->pid);
+}
+
+static struct binder_node *binder_get_node_ilocked(struct binder_proc *proc,
+						   binder_uintptr_t ptr)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n = proc->nodes.rb_node;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+
+	while (n) {
+		node = rb_entry(n, struct binder_node, rb_node);
+
+		if (ptr < node->ptr)
+			n = n->rb_left;
+		else if (ptr > node->ptr)
+			n = n->rb_right;
+		else {
+			/*
+			 * take an implicit weak reference
+			 * to ensure node stays alive until
+			 * call to binder_put_node()
+			 */
+			binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+			return node;
+		}
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct binder_node *binder_get_node(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					   binder_uintptr_t ptr)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	node = binder_get_node_ilocked(proc, ptr);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return node;
+}
+
+static struct binder_node *binder_init_node_ilocked(
+						struct binder_proc *proc,
+						struct binder_node *new_node,
+						struct flat_binder_object *fp)
+{
+	struct rb_node **p = &proc->nodes.rb_node;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	binder_uintptr_t ptr = fp ? fp->binder : 0;
+	binder_uintptr_t cookie = fp ? fp->cookie : 0;
+	__u32 flags = fp ? fp->flags : 0;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+
+	while (*p) {
+
+		parent = *p;
+		node = rb_entry(parent, struct binder_node, rb_node);
+
+		if (ptr < node->ptr)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (ptr > node->ptr)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else {
+			/*
+			 * A matching node is already in
+			 * the rb tree. Abandon the init
+			 * and return it.
+			 */
+			binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+			return node;
+		}
+	}
+	node = new_node;
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_NODE);
+	node->tmp_refs++;
+	rb_link_node(&node->rb_node, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&node->rb_node, &proc->nodes);
+	node->debug_id = atomic_inc_return(&binder_last_id);
+	node->proc = proc;
+	node->ptr = ptr;
+	node->cookie = cookie;
+	node->work.type = BINDER_WORK_NODE;
+	node->min_priority = flags & FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_PRIORITY_MASK;
+	node->accept_fds = !!(flags & FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_ACCEPTS_FDS);
+	spin_lock_init(&node->lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->work.entry);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->async_todo);
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+		     "%d:%d node %d u%016llx c%016llx created\n",
+		     proc->pid, current->pid, node->debug_id,
+		     (u64)node->ptr, (u64)node->cookie);
+
+	return node;
+}
+
+static struct binder_node *binder_new_node(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					   struct flat_binder_object *fp)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_node *new_node = kzalloc(sizeof(*node), GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	if (!new_node)
+		return NULL;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	node = binder_init_node_ilocked(proc, new_node, fp);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (node != new_node)
+		/*
+		 * The node was already added by another thread
+		 */
+		kfree(new_node);
+
+	return node;
+}
+
+static void binder_free_node(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	kfree(node);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_NODE);
+}
+
+static int binder_inc_node_nilocked(struct binder_node *node, int strong,
+				    int internal,
+				    struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = node->proc;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&node->lock);
+	if (proc)
+		assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+	if (strong) {
+		if (internal) {
+			if (target_list == NULL &&
+			    node->internal_strong_refs == 0 &&
+			    !(node->proc &&
+			      node == node->proc->context->binder_context_mgr_node &&
+			      node->has_strong_ref)) {
+				pr_err("invalid inc strong node for %d\n",
+					node->debug_id);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			node->internal_strong_refs++;
+		} else
+			node->local_strong_refs++;
+		if (!node->has_strong_ref && target_list) {
+			struct binder_thread *thread = container_of(target_list,
+						    struct binder_thread, todo);
+			binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(&node->work);
+			BUG_ON(&thread->todo != target_list);
+			binder_enqueue_deferred_thread_work_ilocked(thread,
+								   &node->work);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (!internal)
+			node->local_weak_refs++;
+		if (!node->has_weak_ref && list_empty(&node->work.entry)) {
+			if (target_list == NULL) {
+				pr_err("invalid inc weak node for %d\n",
+					node->debug_id);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * See comment above
+			 */
+			binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&node->work, target_list);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_inc_node(struct binder_node *node, int strong, int internal,
+			   struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+	ret = binder_inc_node_nilocked(node, strong, internal, target_list);
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static bool binder_dec_node_nilocked(struct binder_node *node,
+				     int strong, int internal)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = node->proc;
+
+	assert_spin_locked(&node->lock);
+	if (proc)
+		assert_spin_locked(&proc->inner_lock);
+	if (strong) {
+		if (internal)
+			node->internal_strong_refs--;
+		else
+			node->local_strong_refs--;
+		if (node->local_strong_refs || node->internal_strong_refs)
+			return false;
+	} else {
+		if (!internal)
+			node->local_weak_refs--;
+		if (node->local_weak_refs || node->tmp_refs ||
+				!hlist_empty(&node->refs))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	if (proc && (node->has_strong_ref || node->has_weak_ref)) {
+		if (list_empty(&node->work.entry)) {
+			binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&node->work, &proc->todo);
+			binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (hlist_empty(&node->refs) && !node->local_strong_refs &&
+		    !node->local_weak_refs && !node->tmp_refs) {
+			if (proc) {
+				binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(&node->work);
+				rb_erase(&node->rb_node, &proc->nodes);
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+					     "refless node %d deleted\n",
+					     node->debug_id);
+			} else {
+				BUG_ON(!list_empty(&node->work.entry));
+				spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+				/*
+				 * tmp_refs could have changed so
+				 * check it again
+				 */
+				if (node->tmp_refs) {
+					spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+					return false;
+				}
+				hlist_del(&node->dead_node);
+				spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+					     "dead node %d deleted\n",
+					     node->debug_id);
+			}
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+static void binder_dec_node(struct binder_node *node, int strong, int internal)
+{
+	bool free_node;
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+	free_node = binder_dec_node_nilocked(node, strong, internal);
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+	if (free_node)
+		binder_free_node(node);
+}
+
+static void binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	/*
+	 * No call to binder_inc_node() is needed since we
+	 * don't need to inform userspace of any changes to
+	 * tmp_refs
+	 */
+	node->tmp_refs++;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_inc_node_tmpref() - take a temporary reference on node
+ * @node:	node to reference
+ *
+ * Take reference on node to prevent the node from being freed
+ * while referenced only by a local variable. The inner lock is
+ * needed to serialize with the node work on the queue (which
+ * isn't needed after the node is dead). If the node is dead
+ * (node->proc is NULL), use binder_dead_nodes_lock to protect
+ * node->tmp_refs against dead-node-only cases where the node
+ * lock cannot be acquired (eg traversing the dead node list to
+ * print nodes)
+ */
+static void binder_inc_node_tmpref(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	if (node->proc)
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(node->proc);
+	else
+		spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+	if (node->proc)
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(node->proc);
+	else
+		spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	binder_node_unlock(node);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_dec_node_tmpref() - remove a temporary reference on node
+ * @node:	node to reference
+ *
+ * Release temporary reference on node taken via binder_inc_node_tmpref()
+ */
+static void binder_dec_node_tmpref(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	bool free_node;
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+	if (!node->proc)
+		spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	node->tmp_refs--;
+	BUG_ON(node->tmp_refs < 0);
+	if (!node->proc)
+		spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	/*
+	 * Call binder_dec_node() to check if all refcounts are 0
+	 * and cleanup is needed. Calling with strong=0 and internal=1
+	 * causes no actual reference to be released in binder_dec_node().
+	 * If that changes, a change is needed here too.
+	 */
+	free_node = binder_dec_node_nilocked(node, 0, 1);
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+	if (free_node)
+		binder_free_node(node);
+}
+
+static void binder_put_node(struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	binder_dec_node_tmpref(node);
+}
+
+static struct binder_ref *binder_get_ref_olocked(struct binder_proc *proc,
+						 u32 desc, bool need_strong_ref)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n = proc->refs_by_desc.rb_node;
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+
+	while (n) {
+		ref = rb_entry(n, struct binder_ref, rb_node_desc);
+
+		if (desc < ref->data.desc) {
+			n = n->rb_left;
+		} else if (desc > ref->data.desc) {
+			n = n->rb_right;
+		} else if (need_strong_ref && !ref->data.strong) {
+			binder_user_error("tried to use weak ref as strong ref\n");
+			return NULL;
+		} else {
+			return ref;
+		}
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_ref_for_node_olocked() - get the ref associated with given node
+ * @proc:	binder_proc that owns the ref
+ * @node:	binder_node of target
+ * @new_ref:	newly allocated binder_ref to be initialized or %NULL
+ *
+ * Look up the ref for the given node and return it if it exists
+ *
+ * If it doesn't exist and the caller provides a newly allocated
+ * ref, initialize the fields of the newly allocated ref and insert
+ * into the given proc rb_trees and node refs list.
+ *
+ * Return:	the ref for node. It is possible that another thread
+ *		allocated/initialized the ref first in which case the
+ *		returned ref would be different than the passed-in
+ *		new_ref. new_ref must be kfree'd by the caller in
+ *		this case.
+ */
+static struct binder_ref *binder_get_ref_for_node_olocked(
+					struct binder_proc *proc,
+					struct binder_node *node,
+					struct binder_ref *new_ref)
+{
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	struct rb_node **p = &proc->refs_by_node.rb_node;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	struct rb_node *n;
+
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		ref = rb_entry(parent, struct binder_ref, rb_node_node);
+
+		if (node < ref->node)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (node > ref->node)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			return ref;
+	}
+	if (!new_ref)
+		return NULL;
+
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_REF);
+	new_ref->data.debug_id = atomic_inc_return(&binder_last_id);
+	new_ref->proc = proc;
+	new_ref->node = node;
+	rb_link_node(&new_ref->rb_node_node, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&new_ref->rb_node_node, &proc->refs_by_node);
+
+	new_ref->data.desc = (node == context->binder_context_mgr_node) ? 0 : 1;
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->refs_by_desc); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		ref = rb_entry(n, struct binder_ref, rb_node_desc);
+		if (ref->data.desc > new_ref->data.desc)
+			break;
+		new_ref->data.desc = ref->data.desc + 1;
+	}
+
+	p = &proc->refs_by_desc.rb_node;
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		ref = rb_entry(parent, struct binder_ref, rb_node_desc);
+
+		if (new_ref->data.desc < ref->data.desc)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (new_ref->data.desc > ref->data.desc)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			BUG();
+	}
+	rb_link_node(&new_ref->rb_node_desc, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&new_ref->rb_node_desc, &proc->refs_by_desc);
+
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	hlist_add_head(&new_ref->node_entry, &node->refs);
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+		     "%d new ref %d desc %d for node %d\n",
+		      proc->pid, new_ref->data.debug_id, new_ref->data.desc,
+		      node->debug_id);
+	binder_node_unlock(node);
+	return new_ref;
+}
+
+static void binder_cleanup_ref_olocked(struct binder_ref *ref)
+{
+	bool delete_node = false;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+		     "%d delete ref %d desc %d for node %d\n",
+		      ref->proc->pid, ref->data.debug_id, ref->data.desc,
+		      ref->node->debug_id);
+
+	rb_erase(&ref->rb_node_desc, &ref->proc->refs_by_desc);
+	rb_erase(&ref->rb_node_node, &ref->proc->refs_by_node);
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(ref->node);
+	if (ref->data.strong)
+		binder_dec_node_nilocked(ref->node, 1, 1);
+
+	hlist_del(&ref->node_entry);
+	delete_node = binder_dec_node_nilocked(ref->node, 0, 1);
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(ref->node);
+	/*
+	 * Clear ref->node unless we want the caller to free the node
+	 */
+	if (!delete_node) {
+		/*
+		 * The caller uses ref->node to determine
+		 * whether the node needs to be freed. Clear
+		 * it since the node is still alive.
+		 */
+		ref->node = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (ref->death) {
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+			     "%d delete ref %d desc %d has death notification\n",
+			      ref->proc->pid, ref->data.debug_id,
+			      ref->data.desc);
+		binder_dequeue_work(ref->proc, &ref->death->work);
+		binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_DEATH);
+	}
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_REF);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_inc_ref_olocked() - increment the ref for given handle
+ * @ref:         ref to be incremented
+ * @strong:      if true, strong increment, else weak
+ * @target_list: list to queue node work on
+ *
+ * Increment the ref. @ref->proc->outer_lock must be held on entry
+ *
+ * Return: 0, if successful, else errno
+ */
+static int binder_inc_ref_olocked(struct binder_ref *ref, int strong,
+				  struct list_head *target_list)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (strong) {
+		if (ref->data.strong == 0) {
+			ret = binder_inc_node(ref->node, 1, 1, target_list);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
+		ref->data.strong++;
+	} else {
+		if (ref->data.weak == 0) {
+			ret = binder_inc_node(ref->node, 0, 1, target_list);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
+		ref->data.weak++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_dec_ref() - dec the ref for given handle
+ * @ref:	ref to be decremented
+ * @strong:	if true, strong decrement, else weak
+ *
+ * Decrement the ref.
+ *
+ * Return: true if ref is cleaned up and ready to be freed
+ */
+static bool binder_dec_ref_olocked(struct binder_ref *ref, int strong)
+{
+	if (strong) {
+		if (ref->data.strong == 0) {
+			binder_user_error("%d invalid dec strong, ref %d desc %d s %d w %d\n",
+					  ref->proc->pid, ref->data.debug_id,
+					  ref->data.desc, ref->data.strong,
+					  ref->data.weak);
+			return false;
+		}
+		ref->data.strong--;
+		if (ref->data.strong == 0)
+			binder_dec_node(ref->node, strong, 1);
+	} else {
+		if (ref->data.weak == 0) {
+			binder_user_error("%d invalid dec weak, ref %d desc %d s %d w %d\n",
+					  ref->proc->pid, ref->data.debug_id,
+					  ref->data.desc, ref->data.strong,
+					  ref->data.weak);
+			return false;
+		}
+		ref->data.weak--;
+	}
+	if (ref->data.strong == 0 && ref->data.weak == 0) {
+		binder_cleanup_ref_olocked(ref);
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_node_from_ref() - get the node from the given proc/desc
+ * @proc:	proc containing the ref
+ * @desc:	the handle associated with the ref
+ * @need_strong_ref: if true, only return node if ref is strong
+ * @rdata:	the id/refcount data for the ref
+ *
+ * Given a proc and ref handle, return the associated binder_node
+ *
+ * Return: a binder_node or NULL if not found or not strong when strong required
+ */
+static struct binder_node *binder_get_node_from_ref(
+		struct binder_proc *proc,
+		u32 desc, bool need_strong_ref,
+		struct binder_ref_data *rdata)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	ref = binder_get_ref_olocked(proc, desc, need_strong_ref);
+	if (!ref)
+		goto err_no_ref;
+	node = ref->node;
+	/*
+	 * Take an implicit reference on the node to ensure
+	 * it stays alive until the call to binder_put_node()
+	 */
+	binder_inc_node_tmpref(node);
+	if (rdata)
+		*rdata = ref->data;
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	return node;
+
+err_no_ref:
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_free_ref() - free the binder_ref
+ * @ref:	ref to free
+ *
+ * Free the binder_ref. Free the binder_node indicated by ref->node
+ * (if non-NULL) and the binder_ref_death indicated by ref->death.
+ */
+static void binder_free_ref(struct binder_ref *ref)
+{
+	if (ref->node)
+		binder_free_node(ref->node);
+	kfree(ref->death);
+	kfree(ref);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_update_ref_for_handle() - inc/dec the ref for given handle
+ * @proc:	proc containing the ref
+ * @desc:	the handle associated with the ref
+ * @increment:	true=inc reference, false=dec reference
+ * @strong:	true=strong reference, false=weak reference
+ * @rdata:	the id/refcount data for the ref
+ *
+ * Given a proc and ref handle, increment or decrement the ref
+ * according to "increment" arg.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 if successful, else errno
+ */
+static int binder_update_ref_for_handle(struct binder_proc *proc,
+		uint32_t desc, bool increment, bool strong,
+		struct binder_ref_data *rdata)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	bool delete_ref = false;
+
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	ref = binder_get_ref_olocked(proc, desc, strong);
+	if (!ref) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto err_no_ref;
+	}
+	if (increment)
+		ret = binder_inc_ref_olocked(ref, strong, NULL);
+	else
+		delete_ref = binder_dec_ref_olocked(ref, strong);
+
+	if (rdata)
+		*rdata = ref->data;
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	if (delete_ref)
+		binder_free_ref(ref);
+	return ret;
+
+err_no_ref:
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_dec_ref_for_handle() - dec the ref for given handle
+ * @proc:	proc containing the ref
+ * @desc:	the handle associated with the ref
+ * @strong:	true=strong reference, false=weak reference
+ * @rdata:	the id/refcount data for the ref
+ *
+ * Just calls binder_update_ref_for_handle() to decrement the ref.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 if successful, else errno
+ */
+static int binder_dec_ref_for_handle(struct binder_proc *proc,
+		uint32_t desc, bool strong, struct binder_ref_data *rdata)
+{
+	return binder_update_ref_for_handle(proc, desc, false, strong, rdata);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * binder_inc_ref_for_node() - increment the ref for given proc/node
+ * @proc:	 proc containing the ref
+ * @node:	 target node
+ * @strong:	 true=strong reference, false=weak reference
+ * @target_list: worklist to use if node is incremented
+ * @rdata:	 the id/refcount data for the ref
+ *
+ * Given a proc and node, increment the ref. Create the ref if it
+ * doesn't already exist
+ *
+ * Return: 0 if successful, else errno
+ */
+static int binder_inc_ref_for_node(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			struct binder_node *node,
+			bool strong,
+			struct list_head *target_list,
+			struct binder_ref_data *rdata)
+{
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	struct binder_ref *new_ref = NULL;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	ref = binder_get_ref_for_node_olocked(proc, node, NULL);
+	if (!ref) {
+		binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+		new_ref = kzalloc(sizeof(*ref), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!new_ref)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		binder_proc_lock(proc);
+		ref = binder_get_ref_for_node_olocked(proc, node, new_ref);
+	}
+	ret = binder_inc_ref_olocked(ref, strong, target_list);
+	*rdata = ref->data;
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (new_ref && ref != new_ref)
+		/*
+		 * Another thread created the ref first so
+		 * free the one we allocated
+		 */
+		kfree(new_ref);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void binder_pop_transaction_ilocked(struct binder_thread *target_thread,
+					   struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!target_thread);
+	assert_spin_locked(&target_thread->proc->inner_lock);
+	BUG_ON(target_thread->transaction_stack != t);
+	BUG_ON(target_thread->transaction_stack->from != target_thread);
+	target_thread->transaction_stack =
+		target_thread->transaction_stack->from_parent;
+	t->from = NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_thread_dec_tmpref() - decrement thread->tmp_ref
+ * @thread:	thread to decrement
+ *
+ * A thread needs to be kept alive while being used to create or
+ * handle a transaction. binder_get_txn_from() is used to safely
+ * extract t->from from a binder_transaction and keep the thread
+ * indicated by t->from from being freed. When done with that
+ * binder_thread, this function is called to decrement the
+ * tmp_ref and free if appropriate (thread has been released
+ * and no transaction being processed by the driver)
+ */
+static void binder_thread_dec_tmpref(struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	/*
+	 * atomic is used to protect the counter value while
+	 * it cannot reach zero or thread->is_dead is false
+	 */
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	atomic_dec(&thread->tmp_ref);
+	if (thread->is_dead && !atomic_read(&thread->tmp_ref)) {
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+		binder_free_thread(thread);
+		return;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_proc_dec_tmpref() - decrement proc->tmp_ref
+ * @proc:	proc to decrement
+ *
+ * A binder_proc needs to be kept alive while being used to create or
+ * handle a transaction. proc->tmp_ref is incremented when
+ * creating a new transaction or the binder_proc is currently in-use
+ * by threads that are being released. When done with the binder_proc,
+ * this function is called to decrement the counter and free the
+ * proc if appropriate (proc has been released, all threads have
+ * been released and not currenly in-use to process a transaction).
+ */
+static void binder_proc_dec_tmpref(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	proc->tmp_ref--;
+	if (proc->is_dead && RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&proc->threads) &&
+			!proc->tmp_ref) {
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_free_proc(proc);
+		return;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_txn_from() - safely extract the "from" thread in transaction
+ * @t:	binder transaction for t->from
+ *
+ * Atomically return the "from" thread and increment the tmp_ref
+ * count for the thread to ensure it stays alive until
+ * binder_thread_dec_tmpref() is called.
+ *
+ * Return: the value of t->from
+ */
+static struct binder_thread *binder_get_txn_from(
+		struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *from;
+
+	spin_lock(&t->lock);
+	from = t->from;
+	if (from)
+		atomic_inc(&from->tmp_ref);
+	spin_unlock(&t->lock);
+	return from;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner() - get t->from and acquire inner lock
+ * @t:	binder transaction for t->from
+ *
+ * Same as binder_get_txn_from() except it also acquires the proc->inner_lock
+ * to guarantee that the thread cannot be released while operating on it.
+ * The caller must call binder_inner_proc_unlock() to release the inner lock
+ * as well as call binder_dec_thread_txn() to release the reference.
+ *
+ * Return: the value of t->from
+ */
+static struct binder_thread *binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner(
+		struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *from;
+
+	from = binder_get_txn_from(t);
+	if (!from)
+		return NULL;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(from->proc);
+	if (t->from) {
+		BUG_ON(from != t->from);
+		return from;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(from->proc);
+	binder_thread_dec_tmpref(from);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void binder_free_transaction(struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+
+	if (target_proc) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+		if (t->buffer)
+			t->buffer->transaction = NULL;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * If the transaction has no target_proc, then
+	 * t->buffer->transaction has already been cleared.
+	 */
+	kfree(t);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION);
+}
+
+static void binder_send_failed_reply(struct binder_transaction *t,
+				     uint32_t error_code)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *target_thread;
+	struct binder_transaction *next;
+
+	BUG_ON(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY);
+	while (1) {
+		target_thread = binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner(t);
+		if (target_thread) {
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+				     "send failed reply for transaction %d to %d:%d\n",
+				      t->debug_id,
+				      target_thread->proc->pid,
+				      target_thread->pid);
+
+			binder_pop_transaction_ilocked(target_thread, t);
+			if (target_thread->reply_error.cmd == BR_OK) {
+				target_thread->reply_error.cmd = error_code;
+				binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(
+					target_thread,
+					&target_thread->reply_error.work);
+				wake_up_interruptible(&target_thread->wait);
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * Cannot get here for normal operation, but
+				 * we can if multiple synchronous transactions
+				 * are sent without blocking for responses.
+				 * Just ignore the 2nd error in this case.
+				 */
+				pr_warn("Unexpected reply error: %u\n",
+					target_thread->reply_error.cmd);
+			}
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_thread->proc);
+			binder_thread_dec_tmpref(target_thread);
+			binder_free_transaction(t);
+			return;
+		}
+		next = t->from_parent;
+
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+			     "send failed reply for transaction %d, target dead\n",
+			     t->debug_id);
+
+		binder_free_transaction(t);
+		if (next == NULL) {
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+				     "reply failed, no target thread at root\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		t = next;
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+			     "reply failed, no target thread -- retry %d\n",
+			      t->debug_id);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_cleanup_transaction() - cleans up undelivered transaction
+ * @t:		transaction that needs to be cleaned up
+ * @reason:	reason the transaction wasn't delivered
+ * @error_code:	error to return to caller (if synchronous call)
+ */
+static void binder_cleanup_transaction(struct binder_transaction *t,
+				       const char *reason,
+				       uint32_t error_code)
+{
+	if (t->buffer->target_node && !(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY)) {
+		binder_send_failed_reply(t, error_code);
+	} else {
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+			"undelivered transaction %d, %s\n",
+			t->debug_id, reason);
+		binder_free_transaction(t);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_validate_object() - checks for a valid metadata object in a buffer.
+ * @buffer:	binder_buffer that we're parsing.
+ * @offset:	offset in the buffer at which to validate an object.
+ *
+ * Return:	If there's a valid metadata object at @offset in @buffer, the
+ *		size of that object. Otherwise, it returns zero.
+ */
+static size_t binder_validate_object(struct binder_buffer *buffer, u64 offset)
+{
+	/* Check if we can read a header first */
+	struct binder_object_header *hdr;
+	size_t object_size = 0;
+
+	if (buffer->data_size < sizeof(*hdr) ||
+	    offset > buffer->data_size - sizeof(*hdr) ||
+	    !IS_ALIGNED(offset, sizeof(u32)))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Ok, now see if we can read a complete object. */
+	hdr = (struct binder_object_header *)(buffer->data + offset);
+	switch (hdr->type) {
+	case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
+	case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_BINDER:
+	case BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE:
+	case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_HANDLE:
+		object_size = sizeof(struct flat_binder_object);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_TYPE_FD:
+		object_size = sizeof(struct binder_fd_object);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_TYPE_PTR:
+		object_size = sizeof(struct binder_buffer_object);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_TYPE_FDA:
+		object_size = sizeof(struct binder_fd_array_object);
+		break;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (offset <= buffer->data_size - object_size &&
+	    buffer->data_size >= object_size)
+		return object_size;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_validate_ptr() - validates binder_buffer_object in a binder_buffer.
+ * @b:		binder_buffer containing the object
+ * @index:	index in offset array at which the binder_buffer_object is
+ *		located
+ * @start:	points to the start of the offset array
+ * @num_valid:	the number of valid offsets in the offset array
+ *
+ * Return:	If @index is within the valid range of the offset array
+ *		described by @start and @num_valid, and if there's a valid
+ *		binder_buffer_object at the offset found in index @index
+ *		of the offset array, that object is returned. Otherwise,
+ *		%NULL is returned.
+ *		Note that the offset found in index @index itself is not
+ *		verified; this function assumes that @num_valid elements
+ *		from @start were previously verified to have valid offsets.
+ */
+static struct binder_buffer_object *binder_validate_ptr(struct binder_buffer *b,
+							binder_size_t index,
+							binder_size_t *start,
+							binder_size_t num_valid)
+{
+	struct binder_buffer_object *buffer_obj;
+	binder_size_t *offp;
+
+	if (index >= num_valid)
+		return NULL;
+
+	offp = start + index;
+	buffer_obj = (struct binder_buffer_object *)(b->data + *offp);
+	if (buffer_obj->hdr.type != BINDER_TYPE_PTR)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return buffer_obj;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_validate_fixup() - validates pointer/fd fixups happen in order.
+ * @b:			transaction buffer
+ * @objects_start	start of objects buffer
+ * @buffer:		binder_buffer_object in which to fix up
+ * @offset:		start offset in @buffer to fix up
+ * @last_obj:		last binder_buffer_object that we fixed up in
+ * @last_min_offset:	minimum fixup offset in @last_obj
+ *
+ * Return:		%true if a fixup in buffer @buffer at offset @offset is
+ *			allowed.
+ *
+ * For safety reasons, we only allow fixups inside a buffer to happen
+ * at increasing offsets; additionally, we only allow fixup on the last
+ * buffer object that was verified, or one of its parents.
+ *
+ * Example of what is allowed:
+ *
+ * A
+ *   B (parent = A, offset = 0)
+ *   C (parent = A, offset = 16)
+ *     D (parent = C, offset = 0)
+ *   E (parent = A, offset = 32) // min_offset is 16 (C.parent_offset)
+ *
+ * Examples of what is not allowed:
+ *
+ * Decreasing offsets within the same parent:
+ * A
+ *   C (parent = A, offset = 16)
+ *   B (parent = A, offset = 0) // decreasing offset within A
+ *
+ * Referring to a parent that wasn't the last object or any of its parents:
+ * A
+ *   B (parent = A, offset = 0)
+ *   C (parent = A, offset = 0)
+ *   C (parent = A, offset = 16)
+ *     D (parent = B, offset = 0) // B is not A or any of A's parents
+ */
+static bool binder_validate_fixup(struct binder_buffer *b,
+				  binder_size_t *objects_start,
+				  struct binder_buffer_object *buffer,
+				  binder_size_t fixup_offset,
+				  struct binder_buffer_object *last_obj,
+				  binder_size_t last_min_offset)
+{
+	if (!last_obj) {
+		/* Nothing to fix up in */
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	while (last_obj != buffer) {
+		/*
+		 * Safe to retrieve the parent of last_obj, since it
+		 * was already previously verified by the driver.
+		 */
+		if ((last_obj->flags & BINDER_BUFFER_FLAG_HAS_PARENT) == 0)
+			return false;
+		last_min_offset = last_obj->parent_offset + sizeof(uintptr_t);
+		last_obj = (struct binder_buffer_object *)
+			(b->data + *(objects_start + last_obj->parent));
+	}
+	return (fixup_offset >= last_min_offset);
+}
+
+static void binder_transaction_buffer_release(struct binder_proc *proc,
+					      struct binder_buffer *buffer,
+					      binder_size_t *failed_at)
+{
+	binder_size_t *offp, *off_start, *off_end;
+	int debug_id = buffer->debug_id;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+		     "%d buffer release %d, size %zd-%zd, failed at %pK\n",
+		     proc->pid, buffer->debug_id,
+		     buffer->data_size, buffer->offsets_size, failed_at);
+
+	if (buffer->target_node)
+		binder_dec_node(buffer->target_node, 1, 0);
+
+	off_start = (binder_size_t *)(buffer->data +
+				      ALIGN(buffer->data_size, sizeof(void *)));
+	if (failed_at)
+		off_end = failed_at;
+	else
+		off_end = (void *)off_start + buffer->offsets_size;
+	for (offp = off_start; offp < off_end; offp++) {
+		struct binder_object_header *hdr;
+		size_t object_size = binder_validate_object(buffer, *offp);
+
+		if (object_size == 0) {
+			pr_err("transaction release %d bad object at offset %lld, size %zd\n",
+			       debug_id, (u64)*offp, buffer->data_size);
+			continue;
+		}
+		hdr = (struct binder_object_header *)(buffer->data + *offp);
+		switch (hdr->type) {
+		case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
+		case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_BINDER: {
+			struct flat_binder_object *fp;
+			struct binder_node *node;
+
+			fp = to_flat_binder_object(hdr);
+			node = binder_get_node(proc, fp->binder);
+			if (node == NULL) {
+				pr_err("transaction release %d bad node %016llx\n",
+				       debug_id, (u64)fp->binder);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+				     "        node %d u%016llx\n",
+				     node->debug_id, (u64)node->ptr);
+			binder_dec_node(node, hdr->type == BINDER_TYPE_BINDER,
+					0);
+			binder_put_node(node);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE:
+		case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_HANDLE: {
+			struct flat_binder_object *fp;
+			struct binder_ref_data rdata;
+			int ret;
+
+			fp = to_flat_binder_object(hdr);
+			ret = binder_dec_ref_for_handle(proc, fp->handle,
+				hdr->type == BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE, &rdata);
+
+			if (ret) {
+				pr_err("transaction release %d bad handle %d, ret = %d\n",
+				 debug_id, fp->handle, ret);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+				     "        ref %d desc %d\n",
+				     rdata.debug_id, rdata.desc);
+		} break;
+
+		case BINDER_TYPE_FD: {
+			struct binder_fd_object *fp = to_binder_fd_object(hdr);
+
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+				     "        fd %d\n", fp->fd);
+			if (failed_at)
+				task_close_fd(proc, fp->fd);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_PTR:
+			/*
+			 * Nothing to do here, this will get cleaned up when the
+			 * transaction buffer gets freed
+			 */
+			break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_FDA: {
+			struct binder_fd_array_object *fda;
+			struct binder_buffer_object *parent;
+			uintptr_t parent_buffer;
+			u32 *fd_array;
+			size_t fd_index;
+			binder_size_t fd_buf_size;
+
+			fda = to_binder_fd_array_object(hdr);
+			parent = binder_validate_ptr(buffer, fda->parent,
+						     off_start,
+						     offp - off_start);
+			if (!parent) {
+				pr_err("transaction release %d bad parent offset\n",
+				       debug_id);
+				continue;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * Since the parent was already fixed up, convert it
+			 * back to kernel address space to access it
+			 */
+			parent_buffer = parent->buffer -
+				binder_alloc_get_user_buffer_offset(
+						&proc->alloc);
+
+			fd_buf_size = sizeof(u32) * fda->num_fds;
+			if (fda->num_fds >= SIZE_MAX / sizeof(u32)) {
+				pr_err("transaction release %d invalid number of fds (%lld)\n",
+				       debug_id, (u64)fda->num_fds);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (fd_buf_size > parent->length ||
+			    fda->parent_offset > parent->length - fd_buf_size) {
+				/* No space for all file descriptors here. */
+				pr_err("transaction release %d not enough space for %lld fds in buffer\n",
+				       debug_id, (u64)fda->num_fds);
+				continue;
+			}
+			fd_array = (u32 *)(parent_buffer + (uintptr_t)fda->parent_offset);
+			for (fd_index = 0; fd_index < fda->num_fds; fd_index++)
+				task_close_fd(proc, fd_array[fd_index]);
+		} break;
+		default:
+			pr_err("transaction release %d bad object type %x\n",
+				debug_id, hdr->type);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int binder_translate_binder(struct flat_binder_object *fp,
+				   struct binder_transaction *t,
+				   struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+	struct binder_ref_data rdata;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	node = binder_get_node(proc, fp->binder);
+	if (!node) {
+		node = binder_new_node(proc, fp);
+		if (!node)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	if (fp->cookie != node->cookie) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d sending u%016llx node %d, cookie mismatch %016llx != %016llx\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)fp->binder,
+				  node->debug_id, (u64)fp->cookie,
+				  (u64)node->cookie);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (security_binder_transfer_binder(proc->cred, target_proc->cred)) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	ret = binder_inc_ref_for_node(target_proc, node,
+			fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_BINDER,
+			&thread->todo, &rdata);
+	if (ret)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_BINDER)
+		fp->hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE;
+	else
+		fp->hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_HANDLE;
+	fp->binder = 0;
+	fp->handle = rdata.desc;
+	fp->cookie = 0;
+
+	trace_binder_transaction_node_to_ref(t, node, &rdata);
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+		     "        node %d u%016llx -> ref %d desc %d\n",
+		     node->debug_id, (u64)node->ptr,
+		     rdata.debug_id, rdata.desc);
+done:
+	binder_put_node(node);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_translate_handle(struct flat_binder_object *fp,
+				   struct binder_transaction *t,
+				   struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_ref_data src_rdata;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	node = binder_get_node_from_ref(proc, fp->handle,
+			fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE, &src_rdata);
+	if (!node) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid handle, %d\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, fp->handle);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (security_binder_transfer_binder(proc->cred, target_proc->cred)) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	if (node->proc == target_proc) {
+		if (fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE)
+			fp->hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_BINDER;
+		else
+			fp->hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_BINDER;
+		fp->binder = node->ptr;
+		fp->cookie = node->cookie;
+		if (node->proc)
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(node->proc);
+		binder_inc_node_nilocked(node,
+					 fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_BINDER,
+					 0, NULL);
+		if (node->proc)
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(node->proc);
+		trace_binder_transaction_ref_to_node(t, node, &src_rdata);
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "        ref %d desc %d -> node %d u%016llx\n",
+			     src_rdata.debug_id, src_rdata.desc, node->debug_id,
+			     (u64)node->ptr);
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+	} else {
+		struct binder_ref_data dest_rdata;
+
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+		ret = binder_inc_ref_for_node(target_proc, node,
+				fp->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE,
+				NULL, &dest_rdata);
+		if (ret)
+			goto done;
+
+		fp->binder = 0;
+		fp->handle = dest_rdata.desc;
+		fp->cookie = 0;
+		trace_binder_transaction_ref_to_ref(t, node, &src_rdata,
+						    &dest_rdata);
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "        ref %d desc %d -> ref %d desc %d (node %d)\n",
+			     src_rdata.debug_id, src_rdata.desc,
+			     dest_rdata.debug_id, dest_rdata.desc,
+			     node->debug_id);
+	}
+done:
+	binder_put_node(node);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_translate_fd(int fd,
+			       struct binder_transaction *t,
+			       struct binder_thread *thread,
+			       struct binder_transaction *in_reply_to)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+	int target_fd;
+	struct file *file;
+	int ret;
+	bool target_allows_fd;
+
+	if (in_reply_to)
+		target_allows_fd = !!(in_reply_to->flags & TF_ACCEPT_FDS);
+	else
+		target_allows_fd = t->buffer->target_node->accept_fds;
+	if (!target_allows_fd) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got %s with fd, %d, but target does not allow fds\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				  in_reply_to ? "reply" : "transaction",
+				  fd);
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto err_fd_not_accepted;
+	}
+
+	file = fget(fd);
+	if (!file) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid fd, %d\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, fd);
+		ret = -EBADF;
+		goto err_fget;
+	}
+	ret = security_binder_transfer_file(proc->cred, target_proc->cred, file);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto err_security;
+	}
+
+	target_fd = task_get_unused_fd_flags(target_proc, O_CLOEXEC);
+	if (target_fd < 0) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto err_get_unused_fd;
+	}
+	task_fd_install(target_proc, target_fd, file);
+	trace_binder_transaction_fd(t, fd, target_fd);
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION, "        fd %d -> %d\n",
+		     fd, target_fd);
+
+	return target_fd;
+
+err_get_unused_fd:
+err_security:
+	fput(file);
+err_fget:
+err_fd_not_accepted:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_translate_fd_array(struct binder_fd_array_object *fda,
+				     struct binder_buffer_object *parent,
+				     struct binder_transaction *t,
+				     struct binder_thread *thread,
+				     struct binder_transaction *in_reply_to)
+{
+	binder_size_t fdi, fd_buf_size, num_installed_fds;
+	int target_fd;
+	uintptr_t parent_buffer;
+	u32 *fd_array;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+
+	fd_buf_size = sizeof(u32) * fda->num_fds;
+	if (fda->num_fds >= SIZE_MAX / sizeof(u32)) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid number of fds (%lld)\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)fda->num_fds);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (fd_buf_size > parent->length ||
+	    fda->parent_offset > parent->length - fd_buf_size) {
+		/* No space for all file descriptors here. */
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d not enough space to store %lld fds in buffer\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)fda->num_fds);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Since the parent was already fixed up, convert it
+	 * back to the kernel address space to access it
+	 */
+	parent_buffer = parent->buffer -
+		binder_alloc_get_user_buffer_offset(&target_proc->alloc);
+	fd_array = (u32 *)(parent_buffer + (uintptr_t)fda->parent_offset);
+	if (!IS_ALIGNED((unsigned long)fd_array, sizeof(u32))) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d parent offset not aligned correctly.\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	for (fdi = 0; fdi < fda->num_fds; fdi++) {
+		target_fd = binder_translate_fd(fd_array[fdi], t, thread,
+						in_reply_to);
+		if (target_fd < 0)
+			goto err_translate_fd_failed;
+		fd_array[fdi] = target_fd;
+	}
+	return 0;
+
+err_translate_fd_failed:
+	/*
+	 * Failed to allocate fd or security error, free fds
+	 * installed so far.
+	 */
+	num_installed_fds = fdi;
+	for (fdi = 0; fdi < num_installed_fds; fdi++)
+		task_close_fd(target_proc, fd_array[fdi]);
+	return target_fd;
+}
+
+static int binder_fixup_parent(struct binder_transaction *t,
+			       struct binder_thread *thread,
+			       struct binder_buffer_object *bp,
+			       binder_size_t *off_start,
+			       binder_size_t num_valid,
+			       struct binder_buffer_object *last_fixup_obj,
+			       binder_size_t last_fixup_min_off)
+{
+	struct binder_buffer_object *parent;
+	u8 *parent_buffer;
+	struct binder_buffer *b = t->buffer;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = t->to_proc;
+
+	if (!(bp->flags & BINDER_BUFFER_FLAG_HAS_PARENT))
+		return 0;
+
+	parent = binder_validate_ptr(b, bp->parent, off_start, num_valid);
+	if (!parent) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid parent offset or type\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (!binder_validate_fixup(b, off_start,
+				   parent, bp->parent_offset,
+				   last_fixup_obj,
+				   last_fixup_min_off)) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with out-of-order buffer fixup\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (parent->length < sizeof(binder_uintptr_t) ||
+	    bp->parent_offset > parent->length - sizeof(binder_uintptr_t)) {
+		/* No space for a pointer here! */
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid parent offset\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	parent_buffer = (u8 *)((uintptr_t)parent->buffer -
+			binder_alloc_get_user_buffer_offset(
+				&target_proc->alloc));
+	*(binder_uintptr_t *)(parent_buffer + bp->parent_offset) = bp->buffer;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_proc_transaction() - sends a transaction to a process and wakes it up
+ * @t:		transaction to send
+ * @proc:	process to send the transaction to
+ * @thread:	thread in @proc to send the transaction to (may be NULL)
+ *
+ * This function queues a transaction to the specified process. It will try
+ * to find a thread in the target process to handle the transaction and
+ * wake it up. If no thread is found, the work is queued to the proc
+ * waitqueue.
+ *
+ * If the @thread parameter is not NULL, the transaction is always queued
+ * to the waitlist of that specific thread.
+ *
+ * Return:	true if the transactions was successfully queued
+ *		false if the target process or thread is dead
+ */
+static bool binder_proc_transaction(struct binder_transaction *t,
+				    struct binder_proc *proc,
+				    struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node = t->buffer->target_node;
+	bool oneway = !!(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY);
+	bool pending_async = false;
+
+	BUG_ON(!node);
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	if (oneway) {
+		BUG_ON(thread);
+		if (node->has_async_transaction) {
+			pending_async = true;
+		} else {
+			node->has_async_transaction = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+
+	if (proc->is_dead || (thread && thread->is_dead)) {
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (!thread && !pending_async)
+		thread = binder_select_thread_ilocked(proc);
+
+	if (thread)
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(thread, &t->work);
+	else if (!pending_async)
+		binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&t->work, &proc->todo);
+	else
+		binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&t->work, &node->async_todo);
+
+	if (!pending_async)
+		binder_wakeup_thread_ilocked(proc, thread, !oneway /* sync */);
+
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	binder_node_unlock(node);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * binder_get_node_refs_for_txn() - Get required refs on node for txn
+ * @node:         struct binder_node for which to get refs
+ * @proc:         returns @node->proc if valid
+ * @error:        if no @proc then returns BR_DEAD_REPLY
+ *
+ * User-space normally keeps the node alive when creating a transaction
+ * since it has a reference to the target. The local strong ref keeps it
+ * alive if the sending process dies before the target process processes
+ * the transaction. If the source process is malicious or has a reference
+ * counting bug, relying on the local strong ref can fail.
+ *
+ * Since user-space can cause the local strong ref to go away, we also take
+ * a tmpref on the node to ensure it survives while we are constructing
+ * the transaction. We also need a tmpref on the proc while we are
+ * constructing the transaction, so we take that here as well.
+ *
+ * Return: The target_node with refs taken or NULL if no @node->proc is NULL.
+ * Also sets @proc if valid. If the @node->proc is NULL indicating that the
+ * target proc has died, @error is set to BR_DEAD_REPLY
+ */
+static struct binder_node *binder_get_node_refs_for_txn(
+		struct binder_node *node,
+		struct binder_proc **procp,
+		uint32_t *error)
+{
+	struct binder_node *target_node = NULL;
+
+	binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+	if (node->proc) {
+		target_node = node;
+		binder_inc_node_nilocked(node, 1, 0, NULL);
+		binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+		node->proc->tmp_ref++;
+		*procp = node->proc;
+	} else
+		*error = BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+	binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+
+	return target_node;
+}
+
+static void binder_transaction(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			       struct binder_thread *thread,
+			       struct binder_transaction_data *tr, int reply,
+			       binder_size_t extra_buffers_size)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct binder_transaction *t;
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	struct binder_work *tcomplete;
+	binder_size_t *offp, *off_end, *off_start;
+	binder_size_t off_min;
+	u8 *sg_bufp, *sg_buf_end;
+	struct binder_proc *target_proc = NULL;
+	struct binder_thread *target_thread = NULL;
+	struct binder_node *target_node = NULL;
+	struct binder_transaction *in_reply_to = NULL;
+	struct binder_transaction_log_entry *e;
+	uint32_t return_error = 0;
+	uint32_t return_error_param = 0;
+	uint32_t return_error_line = 0;
+	struct binder_buffer_object *last_fixup_obj = NULL;
+	binder_size_t last_fixup_min_off = 0;
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	int t_debug_id = atomic_inc_return(&binder_last_id);
+
+	e = binder_transaction_log_add(&binder_transaction_log);
+	e->debug_id = t_debug_id;
+	e->call_type = reply ? 2 : !!(tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY);
+	e->from_proc = proc->pid;
+	e->from_thread = thread->pid;
+	e->target_handle = tr->target.handle;
+	e->data_size = tr->data_size;
+	e->offsets_size = tr->offsets_size;
+	e->context_name = proc->context->name;
+
+	if (reply) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		in_reply_to = thread->transaction_stack;
+		if (in_reply_to == NULL) {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got reply transaction with no transaction stack\n",
+					  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_empty_call_stack;
+		}
+		if (in_reply_to->to_thread != thread) {
+			spin_lock(&in_reply_to->lock);
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got reply transaction with bad transaction stack, transaction %d has target %d:%d\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid, in_reply_to->debug_id,
+				in_reply_to->to_proc ?
+				in_reply_to->to_proc->pid : 0,
+				in_reply_to->to_thread ?
+				in_reply_to->to_thread->pid : 0);
+			spin_unlock(&in_reply_to->lock);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			in_reply_to = NULL;
+			goto err_bad_call_stack;
+		}
+		thread->transaction_stack = in_reply_to->to_parent;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_set_nice(in_reply_to->saved_priority);
+		target_thread = binder_get_txn_from_and_acq_inner(in_reply_to);
+		if (target_thread == NULL) {
+			return_error = BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_dead_binder;
+		}
+		if (target_thread->transaction_stack != in_reply_to) {
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got reply transaction with bad target transaction stack %d, expected %d\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				target_thread->transaction_stack ?
+				target_thread->transaction_stack->debug_id : 0,
+				in_reply_to->debug_id);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_thread->proc);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			in_reply_to = NULL;
+			target_thread = NULL;
+			goto err_dead_binder;
+		}
+		target_proc = target_thread->proc;
+		target_proc->tmp_ref++;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_thread->proc);
+	} else {
+		if (tr->target.handle) {
+			struct binder_ref *ref;
+
+			/*
+			 * There must already be a strong ref
+			 * on this node. If so, do a strong
+			 * increment on the node to ensure it
+			 * stays alive until the transaction is
+			 * done.
+			 */
+			binder_proc_lock(proc);
+			ref = binder_get_ref_olocked(proc, tr->target.handle,
+						     true);
+			if (ref) {
+				target_node = binder_get_node_refs_for_txn(
+						ref->node, &target_proc,
+						&return_error);
+			} else {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction to invalid handle\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			}
+			binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+		} else {
+			mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+			target_node = context->binder_context_mgr_node;
+			if (target_node)
+				target_node = binder_get_node_refs_for_txn(
+						target_node, &target_proc,
+						&return_error);
+			else
+				return_error = BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+			mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+			if (target_node && target_proc->pid == proc->pid) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction to context manager from process owning it\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_invalid_target_handle;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!target_node) {
+			/*
+			 * return_error is set above
+			 */
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_dead_binder;
+		}
+		e->to_node = target_node->debug_id;
+		if (WARN_ON(proc == target_proc)) {
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_invalid_target_handle;
+		}
+		if (security_binder_transaction(proc->cred,
+						target_proc->cred) < 0) {
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPERM;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_invalid_target_handle;
+		}
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+
+		w = list_first_entry_or_null(&thread->todo,
+					     struct binder_work, entry);
+		if (!(tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY) && w &&
+		    w->type == BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION) {
+			/*
+			 * Do not allow new outgoing transaction from a
+			 * thread that has a transaction at the head of
+			 * its todo list. Only need to check the head
+			 * because binder_select_thread_ilocked picks a
+			 * thread from proc->waiting_threads to enqueue
+			 * the transaction, and nothing is queued to the
+			 * todo list while the thread is on waiting_threads.
+			 */
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d new transaction not allowed when there is a transaction on thread todo\n",
+					  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_bad_todo_list;
+		}
+
+		if (!(tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY) && thread->transaction_stack) {
+			struct binder_transaction *tmp;
+
+			tmp = thread->transaction_stack;
+			if (tmp->to_thread != thread) {
+				spin_lock(&tmp->lock);
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got new transaction with bad transaction stack, transaction %d has target %d:%d\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid, tmp->debug_id,
+					tmp->to_proc ? tmp->to_proc->pid : 0,
+					tmp->to_thread ?
+					tmp->to_thread->pid : 0);
+				spin_unlock(&tmp->lock);
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EPROTO;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_call_stack;
+			}
+			while (tmp) {
+				struct binder_thread *from;
+
+				spin_lock(&tmp->lock);
+				from = tmp->from;
+				if (from && from->proc == target_proc) {
+					atomic_inc(&from->tmp_ref);
+					target_thread = from;
+					spin_unlock(&tmp->lock);
+					break;
+				}
+				spin_unlock(&tmp->lock);
+				tmp = tmp->from_parent;
+			}
+		}
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	}
+	if (target_thread)
+		e->to_thread = target_thread->pid;
+	e->to_proc = target_proc->pid;
+
+	/* TODO: reuse incoming transaction for reply */
+	t = kzalloc(sizeof(*t), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (t == NULL) {
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -ENOMEM;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_alloc_t_failed;
+	}
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION);
+	spin_lock_init(&t->lock);
+
+	tcomplete = kzalloc(sizeof(*tcomplete), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (tcomplete == NULL) {
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -ENOMEM;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_alloc_tcomplete_failed;
+	}
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE);
+
+	t->debug_id = t_debug_id;
+
+	if (reply)
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "%d:%d BC_REPLY %d -> %d:%d, data %016llx-%016llx size %lld-%lld-%lld\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid, t->debug_id,
+			     target_proc->pid, target_thread->pid,
+			     (u64)tr->data.ptr.buffer,
+			     (u64)tr->data.ptr.offsets,
+			     (u64)tr->data_size, (u64)tr->offsets_size,
+			     (u64)extra_buffers_size);
+	else
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "%d:%d BC_TRANSACTION %d -> %d - node %d, data %016llx-%016llx size %lld-%lld-%lld\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid, t->debug_id,
+			     target_proc->pid, target_node->debug_id,
+			     (u64)tr->data.ptr.buffer,
+			     (u64)tr->data.ptr.offsets,
+			     (u64)tr->data_size, (u64)tr->offsets_size,
+			     (u64)extra_buffers_size);
+
+	if (!reply && !(tr->flags & TF_ONE_WAY))
+		t->from = thread;
+	else
+		t->from = NULL;
+	t->sender_euid = task_euid(proc->tsk);
+	t->to_proc = target_proc;
+	t->to_thread = target_thread;
+	t->code = tr->code;
+	t->flags = tr->flags;
+	t->priority = task_nice(current);
+
+	trace_binder_transaction(reply, t, target_node);
+
+	t->buffer = binder_alloc_new_buf(&target_proc->alloc, tr->data_size,
+		tr->offsets_size, extra_buffers_size,
+		!reply && (t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY));
+	if (IS_ERR(t->buffer)) {
+		/*
+		 * -ESRCH indicates VMA cleared. The target is dying.
+		 */
+		return_error_param = PTR_ERR(t->buffer);
+		return_error = return_error_param == -ESRCH ?
+			BR_DEAD_REPLY : BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		t->buffer = NULL;
+		goto err_binder_alloc_buf_failed;
+	}
+	t->buffer->debug_id = t->debug_id;
+	t->buffer->transaction = t;
+	t->buffer->target_node = target_node;
+	trace_binder_transaction_alloc_buf(t->buffer);
+	off_start = (binder_size_t *)(t->buffer->data +
+				      ALIGN(tr->data_size, sizeof(void *)));
+	offp = off_start;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(t->buffer->data, (const void __user *)(uintptr_t)
+			   tr->data.ptr.buffer, tr->data_size)) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid data ptr\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -EFAULT;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_copy_data_failed;
+	}
+	if (copy_from_user(offp, (const void __user *)(uintptr_t)
+			   tr->data.ptr.offsets, tr->offsets_size)) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid offsets ptr\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -EFAULT;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_copy_data_failed;
+	}
+	if (!IS_ALIGNED(tr->offsets_size, sizeof(binder_size_t))) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid offsets size, %lld\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)tr->offsets_size);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_bad_offset;
+	}
+	if (!IS_ALIGNED(extra_buffers_size, sizeof(u64))) {
+		binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with unaligned buffers size, %lld\n",
+				  proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				  (u64)extra_buffers_size);
+		return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+		return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+		return_error_line = __LINE__;
+		goto err_bad_offset;
+	}
+	off_end = (void *)off_start + tr->offsets_size;
+	sg_bufp = (u8 *)(PTR_ALIGN(off_end, sizeof(void *)));
+	sg_buf_end = sg_bufp + extra_buffers_size;
+	off_min = 0;
+	for (; offp < off_end; offp++) {
+		struct binder_object_header *hdr;
+		size_t object_size = binder_validate_object(t->buffer, *offp);
+
+		if (object_size == 0 || *offp < off_min) {
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid offset (%lld, min %lld max %lld) or object.\n",
+					  proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)*offp,
+					  (u64)off_min,
+					  (u64)t->buffer->data_size);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_bad_offset;
+		}
+
+		hdr = (struct binder_object_header *)(t->buffer->data + *offp);
+		off_min = *offp + object_size;
+		switch (hdr->type) {
+		case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
+		case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_BINDER: {
+			struct flat_binder_object *fp;
+
+			fp = to_flat_binder_object(hdr);
+			ret = binder_translate_binder(fp, t, thread);
+			if (ret < 0) {
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE:
+		case BINDER_TYPE_WEAK_HANDLE: {
+			struct flat_binder_object *fp;
+
+			fp = to_flat_binder_object(hdr);
+			ret = binder_translate_handle(fp, t, thread);
+			if (ret < 0) {
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+		} break;
+
+		case BINDER_TYPE_FD: {
+			struct binder_fd_object *fp = to_binder_fd_object(hdr);
+			int target_fd = binder_translate_fd(fp->fd, t, thread,
+							    in_reply_to);
+
+			if (target_fd < 0) {
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = target_fd;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+			fp->pad_binder = 0;
+			fp->fd = target_fd;
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_FDA: {
+			struct binder_fd_array_object *fda =
+				to_binder_fd_array_object(hdr);
+			struct binder_buffer_object *parent =
+				binder_validate_ptr(t->buffer, fda->parent,
+						    off_start,
+						    offp - off_start);
+			if (!parent) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid parent offset or type\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_parent;
+			}
+			if (!binder_validate_fixup(t->buffer, off_start,
+						   parent, fda->parent_offset,
+						   last_fixup_obj,
+						   last_fixup_min_off)) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with out-of-order buffer fixup\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_parent;
+			}
+			ret = binder_translate_fd_array(fda, parent, t, thread,
+							in_reply_to);
+			if (ret < 0) {
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+			last_fixup_obj = parent;
+			last_fixup_min_off =
+				fda->parent_offset + sizeof(u32) * fda->num_fds;
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_TYPE_PTR: {
+			struct binder_buffer_object *bp =
+				to_binder_buffer_object(hdr);
+			size_t buf_left = sg_buf_end - sg_bufp;
+
+			if (bp->length > buf_left) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with too large buffer\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_bad_offset;
+			}
+			if (copy_from_user(sg_bufp,
+					   (const void __user *)(uintptr_t)
+					   bp->buffer, bp->length)) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid offsets ptr\n",
+						  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+				return_error_param = -EFAULT;
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_copy_data_failed;
+			}
+			/* Fixup buffer pointer to target proc address space */
+			bp->buffer = (uintptr_t)sg_bufp +
+				binder_alloc_get_user_buffer_offset(
+						&target_proc->alloc);
+			sg_bufp += ALIGN(bp->length, sizeof(u64));
+
+			ret = binder_fixup_parent(t, thread, bp, off_start,
+						  offp - off_start,
+						  last_fixup_obj,
+						  last_fixup_min_off);
+			if (ret < 0) {
+				return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+				return_error_param = ret;
+				return_error_line = __LINE__;
+				goto err_translate_failed;
+			}
+			last_fixup_obj = bp;
+			last_fixup_min_off = 0;
+		} break;
+		default:
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d got transaction with invalid object type, %x\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid, hdr->type);
+			return_error = BR_FAILED_REPLY;
+			return_error_param = -EINVAL;
+			return_error_line = __LINE__;
+			goto err_bad_object_type;
+		}
+	}
+	tcomplete->type = BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE;
+	t->work.type = BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION;
+
+	if (reply) {
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work(thread, tcomplete);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(target_proc);
+		if (target_thread->is_dead) {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+			goto err_dead_proc_or_thread;
+		}
+		BUG_ON(t->buffer->async_transaction != 0);
+		binder_pop_transaction_ilocked(target_thread, in_reply_to);
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(target_thread, &t->work);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(target_proc);
+		wake_up_interruptible_sync(&target_thread->wait);
+		binder_free_transaction(in_reply_to);
+	} else if (!(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY)) {
+		BUG_ON(t->buffer->async_transaction != 0);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		/*
+		 * Defer the TRANSACTION_COMPLETE, so we don't return to
+		 * userspace immediately; this allows the target process to
+		 * immediately start processing this transaction, reducing
+		 * latency. We will then return the TRANSACTION_COMPLETE when
+		 * the target replies (or there is an error).
+		 */
+		binder_enqueue_deferred_thread_work_ilocked(thread, tcomplete);
+		t->need_reply = 1;
+		t->from_parent = thread->transaction_stack;
+		thread->transaction_stack = t;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (!binder_proc_transaction(t, target_proc, target_thread)) {
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+			binder_pop_transaction_ilocked(thread, t);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			goto err_dead_proc_or_thread;
+		}
+	} else {
+		BUG_ON(target_node == NULL);
+		BUG_ON(t->buffer->async_transaction != 1);
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work(thread, tcomplete);
+		if (!binder_proc_transaction(t, target_proc, NULL))
+			goto err_dead_proc_or_thread;
+	}
+	if (target_thread)
+		binder_thread_dec_tmpref(target_thread);
+	binder_proc_dec_tmpref(target_proc);
+	if (target_node)
+		binder_dec_node_tmpref(target_node);
+	/*
+	 * write barrier to synchronize with initialization
+	 * of log entry
+	 */
+	smp_wmb();
+	WRITE_ONCE(e->debug_id_done, t_debug_id);
+	return;
+
+err_dead_proc_or_thread:
+	return_error = BR_DEAD_REPLY;
+	return_error_line = __LINE__;
+	binder_dequeue_work(proc, tcomplete);
+err_translate_failed:
+err_bad_object_type:
+err_bad_offset:
+err_bad_parent:
+err_copy_data_failed:
+	trace_binder_transaction_failed_buffer_release(t->buffer);
+	binder_transaction_buffer_release(target_proc, t->buffer, offp);
+	if (target_node)
+		binder_dec_node_tmpref(target_node);
+	target_node = NULL;
+	t->buffer->transaction = NULL;
+	binder_alloc_free_buf(&target_proc->alloc, t->buffer);
+err_binder_alloc_buf_failed:
+	kfree(tcomplete);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE);
+err_alloc_tcomplete_failed:
+	kfree(t);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION);
+err_alloc_t_failed:
+err_bad_todo_list:
+err_bad_call_stack:
+err_empty_call_stack:
+err_dead_binder:
+err_invalid_target_handle:
+	if (target_thread)
+		binder_thread_dec_tmpref(target_thread);
+	if (target_proc)
+		binder_proc_dec_tmpref(target_proc);
+	if (target_node) {
+		binder_dec_node(target_node, 1, 0);
+		binder_dec_node_tmpref(target_node);
+	}
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+		     "%d:%d transaction failed %d/%d, size %lld-%lld line %d\n",
+		     proc->pid, thread->pid, return_error, return_error_param,
+		     (u64)tr->data_size, (u64)tr->offsets_size,
+		     return_error_line);
+
+	{
+		struct binder_transaction_log_entry *fe;
+
+		e->return_error = return_error;
+		e->return_error_param = return_error_param;
+		e->return_error_line = return_error_line;
+		fe = binder_transaction_log_add(&binder_transaction_log_failed);
+		*fe = *e;
+		/*
+		 * write barrier to synchronize with initialization
+		 * of log entry
+		 */
+		smp_wmb();
+		WRITE_ONCE(e->debug_id_done, t_debug_id);
+		WRITE_ONCE(fe->debug_id_done, t_debug_id);
+	}
+
+	BUG_ON(thread->return_error.cmd != BR_OK);
+	if (in_reply_to) {
+		thread->return_error.cmd = BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE;
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work(thread, &thread->return_error.work);
+		binder_send_failed_reply(in_reply_to, return_error);
+	} else {
+		thread->return_error.cmd = return_error;
+		binder_enqueue_thread_work(thread, &thread->return_error.work);
+	}
+}
+
+static int binder_thread_write(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			struct binder_thread *thread,
+			binder_uintptr_t binder_buffer, size_t size,
+			binder_size_t *consumed)
+{
+	uint32_t cmd;
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	void __user *buffer = (void __user *)(uintptr_t)binder_buffer;
+	void __user *ptr = buffer + *consumed;
+	void __user *end = buffer + size;
+
+	while (ptr < end && thread->return_error.cmd == BR_OK) {
+		int ret;
+
+		if (get_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+		trace_binder_command(cmd);
+		if (_IOC_NR(cmd) < ARRAY_SIZE(binder_stats.bc)) {
+			atomic_inc(&binder_stats.bc[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+			atomic_inc(&proc->stats.bc[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+			atomic_inc(&thread->stats.bc[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+		}
+		switch (cmd) {
+		case BC_INCREFS:
+		case BC_ACQUIRE:
+		case BC_RELEASE:
+		case BC_DECREFS: {
+			uint32_t target;
+			const char *debug_string;
+			bool strong = cmd == BC_ACQUIRE || cmd == BC_RELEASE;
+			bool increment = cmd == BC_INCREFS || cmd == BC_ACQUIRE;
+			struct binder_ref_data rdata;
+
+			if (get_user(target, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+			ret = -1;
+			if (increment && !target) {
+				struct binder_node *ctx_mgr_node;
+				mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+				ctx_mgr_node = context->binder_context_mgr_node;
+				if (ctx_mgr_node) {
+					if (ctx_mgr_node->proc == proc) {
+						binder_user_error("%d:%d context manager tried to acquire desc 0\n",
+								  proc->pid, thread->pid);
+						mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+						return -EINVAL;
+					}
+					ret = binder_inc_ref_for_node(
+							proc, ctx_mgr_node,
+							strong, NULL, &rdata);
+				}
+				mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+			}
+			if (ret)
+				ret = binder_update_ref_for_handle(
+						proc, target, increment, strong,
+						&rdata);
+			if (!ret && rdata.desc != target) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d tried to acquire reference to desc %d, got %d instead\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					target, rdata.desc);
+			}
+			switch (cmd) {
+			case BC_INCREFS:
+				debug_string = "IncRefs";
+				break;
+			case BC_ACQUIRE:
+				debug_string = "Acquire";
+				break;
+			case BC_RELEASE:
+				debug_string = "Release";
+				break;
+			case BC_DECREFS:
+			default:
+				debug_string = "DecRefs";
+				break;
+			}
+			if (ret) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d %s %d refcount change on invalid ref %d ret %d\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid, debug_string,
+					strong, target, ret);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_USER_REFS,
+				     "%d:%d %s ref %d desc %d s %d w %d\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid, debug_string,
+				     rdata.debug_id, rdata.desc, rdata.strong,
+				     rdata.weak);
+			break;
+		}
+		case BC_INCREFS_DONE:
+		case BC_ACQUIRE_DONE: {
+			binder_uintptr_t node_ptr;
+			binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+			struct binder_node *node;
+			bool free_node;
+
+			if (get_user(node_ptr, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+			if (get_user(cookie, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+			node = binder_get_node(proc, node_ptr);
+			if (node == NULL) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d %s u%016llx no match\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					cmd == BC_INCREFS_DONE ?
+					"BC_INCREFS_DONE" :
+					"BC_ACQUIRE_DONE",
+					(u64)node_ptr);
+				break;
+			}
+			if (cookie != node->cookie) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d %s u%016llx node %d cookie mismatch %016llx != %016llx\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					cmd == BC_INCREFS_DONE ?
+					"BC_INCREFS_DONE" : "BC_ACQUIRE_DONE",
+					(u64)node_ptr, node->debug_id,
+					(u64)cookie, (u64)node->cookie);
+				binder_put_node(node);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+			if (cmd == BC_ACQUIRE_DONE) {
+				if (node->pending_strong_ref == 0) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_ACQUIRE_DONE node %d has no pending acquire request\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						node->debug_id);
+					binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+					binder_put_node(node);
+					break;
+				}
+				node->pending_strong_ref = 0;
+			} else {
+				if (node->pending_weak_ref == 0) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_INCREFS_DONE node %d has no pending increfs request\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						node->debug_id);
+					binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+					binder_put_node(node);
+					break;
+				}
+				node->pending_weak_ref = 0;
+			}
+			free_node = binder_dec_node_nilocked(node,
+					cmd == BC_ACQUIRE_DONE, 0);
+			WARN_ON(free_node);
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_USER_REFS,
+				     "%d:%d %s node %d ls %d lw %d tr %d\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				     cmd == BC_INCREFS_DONE ? "BC_INCREFS_DONE" : "BC_ACQUIRE_DONE",
+				     node->debug_id, node->local_strong_refs,
+				     node->local_weak_refs, node->tmp_refs);
+			binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+			binder_put_node(node);
+			break;
+		}
+		case BC_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE:
+			pr_err("BC_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE not supported\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		case BC_ACQUIRE_RESULT:
+			pr_err("BC_ACQUIRE_RESULT not supported\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		case BC_FREE_BUFFER: {
+			binder_uintptr_t data_ptr;
+			struct binder_buffer *buffer;
+
+			if (get_user(data_ptr, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+
+			buffer = binder_alloc_prepare_to_free(&proc->alloc,
+							      data_ptr);
+			if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(buffer)) {
+				if (PTR_ERR(buffer) == -EPERM) {
+					binder_user_error(
+						"%d:%d BC_FREE_BUFFER u%016llx matched unreturned or currently freeing buffer\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						(u64)data_ptr);
+				} else {
+					binder_user_error(
+						"%d:%d BC_FREE_BUFFER u%016llx no match\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						(u64)data_ptr);
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_FREE_BUFFER,
+				     "%d:%d BC_FREE_BUFFER u%016llx found buffer %d for %s transaction\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)data_ptr,
+				     buffer->debug_id,
+				     buffer->transaction ? "active" : "finished");
+
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+			if (buffer->transaction) {
+				buffer->transaction->buffer = NULL;
+				buffer->transaction = NULL;
+			}
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			if (buffer->async_transaction && buffer->target_node) {
+				struct binder_node *buf_node;
+				struct binder_work *w;
+
+				buf_node = buffer->target_node;
+				binder_node_inner_lock(buf_node);
+				BUG_ON(!buf_node->has_async_transaction);
+				BUG_ON(buf_node->proc != proc);
+				w = binder_dequeue_work_head_ilocked(
+						&buf_node->async_todo);
+				if (!w) {
+					buf_node->has_async_transaction = false;
+				} else {
+					binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+							w, &proc->todo);
+					binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+				}
+				binder_node_inner_unlock(buf_node);
+			}
+			trace_binder_transaction_buffer_release(buffer);
+			binder_transaction_buffer_release(proc, buffer, NULL);
+			binder_alloc_free_buf(&proc->alloc, buffer);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case BC_TRANSACTION_SG:
+		case BC_REPLY_SG: {
+			struct binder_transaction_data_sg tr;
+
+			if (copy_from_user(&tr, ptr, sizeof(tr)))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(tr);
+			binder_transaction(proc, thread, &tr.transaction_data,
+					   cmd == BC_REPLY_SG, tr.buffers_size);
+			break;
+		}
+		case BC_TRANSACTION:
+		case BC_REPLY: {
+			struct binder_transaction_data tr;
+
+			if (copy_from_user(&tr, ptr, sizeof(tr)))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(tr);
+			binder_transaction(proc, thread, &tr,
+					   cmd == BC_REPLY, 0);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case BC_REGISTER_LOOPER:
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS,
+				     "%d:%d BC_REGISTER_LOOPER\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+			if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED) {
+				thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_INVALID;
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d ERROR: BC_REGISTER_LOOPER called after BC_ENTER_LOOPER\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			} else if (proc->requested_threads == 0) {
+				thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_INVALID;
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d ERROR: BC_REGISTER_LOOPER called without request\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			} else {
+				proc->requested_threads--;
+				proc->requested_threads_started++;
+			}
+			thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED;
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			break;
+		case BC_ENTER_LOOPER:
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS,
+				     "%d:%d BC_ENTER_LOOPER\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED) {
+				thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_INVALID;
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d ERROR: BC_ENTER_LOOPER called after BC_REGISTER_LOOPER\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			}
+			thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED;
+			break;
+		case BC_EXIT_LOOPER:
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS,
+				     "%d:%d BC_EXIT_LOOPER\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+			thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_EXITED;
+			break;
+
+		case BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION:
+		case BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION: {
+			uint32_t target;
+			binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+			struct binder_ref *ref;
+			struct binder_ref_death *death = NULL;
+
+			if (get_user(target, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+			if (get_user(cookie, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+			if (cmd == BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION) {
+				/*
+				 * Allocate memory for death notification
+				 * before taking lock
+				 */
+				death = kzalloc(sizeof(*death), GFP_KERNEL);
+				if (death == NULL) {
+					WARN_ON(thread->return_error.cmd !=
+						BR_OK);
+					thread->return_error.cmd = BR_ERROR;
+					binder_enqueue_thread_work(
+						thread,
+						&thread->return_error.work);
+					binder_debug(
+						BINDER_DEBUG_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+						"%d:%d BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION failed\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid);
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			binder_proc_lock(proc);
+			ref = binder_get_ref_olocked(proc, target, false);
+			if (ref == NULL) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d %s invalid ref %d\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					cmd == BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION ?
+					"BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION" :
+					"BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION",
+					target);
+				binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+				kfree(death);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEATH_NOTIFICATION,
+				     "%d:%d %s %016llx ref %d desc %d s %d w %d for node %d\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				     cmd == BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION ?
+				     "BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION" :
+				     "BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION",
+				     (u64)cookie, ref->data.debug_id,
+				     ref->data.desc, ref->data.strong,
+				     ref->data.weak, ref->node->debug_id);
+
+			binder_node_lock(ref->node);
+			if (cmd == BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION) {
+				if (ref->death) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION death notification already set\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid);
+					binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+					binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+					kfree(death);
+					break;
+				}
+				binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_DEATH);
+				INIT_LIST_HEAD(&death->work.entry);
+				death->cookie = cookie;
+				ref->death = death;
+				if (ref->node->proc == NULL) {
+					ref->death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER;
+
+					binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+					binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+						&ref->death->work, &proc->todo);
+					binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+					binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				}
+			} else {
+				if (ref->death == NULL) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION death notification not active\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid);
+					binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+					binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+					break;
+				}
+				death = ref->death;
+				if (death->cookie != cookie) {
+					binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION death notification cookie mismatch %016llx != %016llx\n",
+						proc->pid, thread->pid,
+						(u64)death->cookie,
+						(u64)cookie);
+					binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+					binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+					break;
+				}
+				ref->death = NULL;
+				binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+				if (list_empty(&death->work.entry)) {
+					death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION;
+					if (thread->looper &
+					    (BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED |
+					     BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED))
+						binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(
+								thread,
+								&death->work);
+					else {
+						binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+								&death->work,
+								&proc->todo);
+						binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(
+								proc);
+					}
+				} else {
+					BUG_ON(death->work.type != BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER);
+					death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR;
+				}
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			}
+			binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+			binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+		} break;
+		case BC_DEAD_BINDER_DONE: {
+			struct binder_work *w;
+			binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+			struct binder_ref_death *death = NULL;
+
+			if (get_user(cookie, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+
+			ptr += sizeof(cookie);
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+			list_for_each_entry(w, &proc->delivered_death,
+					    entry) {
+				struct binder_ref_death *tmp_death =
+					container_of(w,
+						     struct binder_ref_death,
+						     work);
+
+				if (tmp_death->cookie == cookie) {
+					death = tmp_death;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+				     "%d:%d BC_DEAD_BINDER_DONE %016llx found %pK\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)cookie,
+				     death);
+			if (death == NULL) {
+				binder_user_error("%d:%d BC_DEAD_BINDER_DONE %016llx not found\n",
+					proc->pid, thread->pid, (u64)cookie);
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				break;
+			}
+			binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(&death->work);
+			if (death->work.type == BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR) {
+				death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION;
+				if (thread->looper &
+					(BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED |
+					 BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED))
+					binder_enqueue_thread_work_ilocked(
+						thread, &death->work);
+				else {
+					binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+							&death->work,
+							&proc->todo);
+					binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+				}
+			}
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		} break;
+
+		default:
+			pr_err("%d:%d unknown command %d\n",
+			       proc->pid, thread->pid, cmd);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		*consumed = ptr - buffer;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void binder_stat_br(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			   struct binder_thread *thread, uint32_t cmd)
+{
+	trace_binder_return(cmd);
+	if (_IOC_NR(cmd) < ARRAY_SIZE(binder_stats.br)) {
+		atomic_inc(&binder_stats.br[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+		atomic_inc(&proc->stats.br[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+		atomic_inc(&thread->stats.br[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
+	}
+}
+
+static int binder_put_node_cmd(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			       struct binder_thread *thread,
+			       void __user **ptrp,
+			       binder_uintptr_t node_ptr,
+			       binder_uintptr_t node_cookie,
+			       int node_debug_id,
+			       uint32_t cmd, const char *cmd_name)
+{
+	void __user *ptr = *ptrp;
+
+	if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+	if (put_user(node_ptr, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+
+	if (put_user(node_cookie, (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+
+	binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_USER_REFS, "%d:%d %s %d u%016llx c%016llx\n",
+		     proc->pid, thread->pid, cmd_name, node_debug_id,
+		     (u64)node_ptr, (u64)node_cookie);
+
+	*ptrp = ptr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_wait_for_work(struct binder_thread *thread,
+				bool do_proc_work)
+{
+	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+	struct binder_proc *proc = thread->proc;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	freezer_do_not_count();
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (;;) {
+		prepare_to_wait(&thread->wait, &wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+		if (binder_has_work_ilocked(thread, do_proc_work))
+			break;
+		if (do_proc_work)
+			list_add(&thread->waiting_thread_node,
+				 &proc->waiting_threads);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		schedule();
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		list_del_init(&thread->waiting_thread_node);
+		if (signal_pending(current)) {
+			ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	finish_wait(&thread->wait, &wait);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	freezer_count();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_thread_read(struct binder_proc *proc,
+			      struct binder_thread *thread,
+			      binder_uintptr_t binder_buffer, size_t size,
+			      binder_size_t *consumed, int non_block)
+{
+	void __user *buffer = (void __user *)(uintptr_t)binder_buffer;
+	void __user *ptr = buffer + *consumed;
+	void __user *end = buffer + size;
+
+	int ret = 0;
+	int wait_for_proc_work;
+
+	if (*consumed == 0) {
+		if (put_user(BR_NOOP, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+	}
+
+retry:
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	wait_for_proc_work = binder_available_for_proc_work_ilocked(thread);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_WAITING;
+
+	trace_binder_wait_for_work(wait_for_proc_work,
+				   !!thread->transaction_stack,
+				   !binder_worklist_empty(proc, &thread->todo));
+	if (wait_for_proc_work) {
+		if (!(thread->looper & (BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED |
+					BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED))) {
+			binder_user_error("%d:%d ERROR: Thread waiting for process work before calling BC_REGISTER_LOOPER or BC_ENTER_LOOPER (state %x)\n",
+				proc->pid, thread->pid, thread->looper);
+			wait_event_interruptible(binder_user_error_wait,
+						 binder_stop_on_user_error < 2);
+		}
+		binder_set_nice(proc->default_priority);
+	}
+
+	if (non_block) {
+		if (!binder_has_work(thread, wait_for_proc_work))
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+	} else {
+		ret = binder_wait_for_work(thread, wait_for_proc_work);
+	}
+
+	thread->looper &= ~BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_WAITING;
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	while (1) {
+		uint32_t cmd;
+		struct binder_transaction_data tr;
+		struct binder_work *w = NULL;
+		struct list_head *list = NULL;
+		struct binder_transaction *t = NULL;
+		struct binder_thread *t_from;
+
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		if (!binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&thread->todo))
+			list = &thread->todo;
+		else if (!binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&proc->todo) &&
+			   wait_for_proc_work)
+			list = &proc->todo;
+		else {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+			/* no data added */
+			if (ptr - buffer == 4 && !thread->looper_need_return)
+				goto retry;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (end - ptr < sizeof(tr) + 4) {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			break;
+		}
+		w = binder_dequeue_work_head_ilocked(list);
+		if (binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&thread->todo))
+			thread->process_todo = false;
+
+		switch (w->type) {
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION: {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			t = container_of(w, struct binder_transaction, work);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR: {
+			struct binder_error *e = container_of(
+					w, struct binder_error, work);
+
+			WARN_ON(e->cmd == BR_OK);
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			if (put_user(e->cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			cmd = e->cmd;
+			e->cmd = BR_OK;
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+			binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE: {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			cmd = BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE;
+			kfree(w);
+			binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE);
+			if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+			binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE,
+				     "%d:%d BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE\n",
+				     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_NODE: {
+			struct binder_node *node = container_of(w, struct binder_node, work);
+			int strong, weak;
+			binder_uintptr_t node_ptr = node->ptr;
+			binder_uintptr_t node_cookie = node->cookie;
+			int node_debug_id = node->debug_id;
+			int has_weak_ref;
+			int has_strong_ref;
+			void __user *orig_ptr = ptr;
+
+			BUG_ON(proc != node->proc);
+			strong = node->internal_strong_refs ||
+					node->local_strong_refs;
+			weak = !hlist_empty(&node->refs) ||
+					node->local_weak_refs ||
+					node->tmp_refs || strong;
+			has_strong_ref = node->has_strong_ref;
+			has_weak_ref = node->has_weak_ref;
+
+			if (weak && !has_weak_ref) {
+				node->has_weak_ref = 1;
+				node->pending_weak_ref = 1;
+				node->local_weak_refs++;
+			}
+			if (strong && !has_strong_ref) {
+				node->has_strong_ref = 1;
+				node->pending_strong_ref = 1;
+				node->local_strong_refs++;
+			}
+			if (!strong && has_strong_ref)
+				node->has_strong_ref = 0;
+			if (!weak && has_weak_ref)
+				node->has_weak_ref = 0;
+			if (!weak && !strong) {
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+					     "%d:%d node %d u%016llx c%016llx deleted\n",
+					     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					     node_debug_id,
+					     (u64)node_ptr,
+					     (u64)node_cookie);
+				rb_erase(&node->rb_node, &proc->nodes);
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				binder_node_lock(node);
+				/*
+				 * Acquire the node lock before freeing the
+				 * node to serialize with other threads that
+				 * may have been holding the node lock while
+				 * decrementing this node (avoids race where
+				 * this thread frees while the other thread
+				 * is unlocking the node after the final
+				 * decrement)
+				 */
+				binder_node_unlock(node);
+				binder_free_node(node);
+			} else
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+			if (weak && !has_weak_ref)
+				ret = binder_put_node_cmd(
+						proc, thread, &ptr, node_ptr,
+						node_cookie, node_debug_id,
+						BR_INCREFS, "BR_INCREFS");
+			if (!ret && strong && !has_strong_ref)
+				ret = binder_put_node_cmd(
+						proc, thread, &ptr, node_ptr,
+						node_cookie, node_debug_id,
+						BR_ACQUIRE, "BR_ACQUIRE");
+			if (!ret && !strong && has_strong_ref)
+				ret = binder_put_node_cmd(
+						proc, thread, &ptr, node_ptr,
+						node_cookie, node_debug_id,
+						BR_RELEASE, "BR_RELEASE");
+			if (!ret && !weak && has_weak_ref)
+				ret = binder_put_node_cmd(
+						proc, thread, &ptr, node_ptr,
+						node_cookie, node_debug_id,
+						BR_DECREFS, "BR_DECREFS");
+			if (orig_ptr == ptr)
+				binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_INTERNAL_REFS,
+					     "%d:%d node %d u%016llx c%016llx state unchanged\n",
+					     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+					     node_debug_id,
+					     (u64)node_ptr,
+					     (u64)node_cookie);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER:
+		case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR:
+		case BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION: {
+			struct binder_ref_death *death;
+			uint32_t cmd;
+			binder_uintptr_t cookie;
+
+			death = container_of(w, struct binder_ref_death, work);
+			if (w->type == BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION)
+				cmd = BR_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION_DONE;
+			else
+				cmd = BR_DEAD_BINDER;
+			cookie = death->cookie;
+
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEATH_NOTIFICATION,
+				     "%d:%d %s %016llx\n",
+				      proc->pid, thread->pid,
+				      cmd == BR_DEAD_BINDER ?
+				      "BR_DEAD_BINDER" :
+				      "BR_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION_DONE",
+				      (u64)cookie);
+			if (w->type == BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION) {
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+				kfree(death);
+				binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_DEATH);
+			} else {
+				binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(
+						w, &proc->delivered_death);
+				binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+			}
+			if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+			if (put_user(cookie,
+				     (binder_uintptr_t __user *)ptr))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			ptr += sizeof(binder_uintptr_t);
+			binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+			if (cmd == BR_DEAD_BINDER)
+				goto done; /* DEAD_BINDER notifications can cause transactions */
+		} break;
+		}
+
+		if (!t)
+			continue;
+
+		BUG_ON(t->buffer == NULL);
+		if (t->buffer->target_node) {
+			struct binder_node *target_node = t->buffer->target_node;
+
+			tr.target.ptr = target_node->ptr;
+			tr.cookie =  target_node->cookie;
+			t->saved_priority = task_nice(current);
+			if (t->priority < target_node->min_priority &&
+			    !(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY))
+				binder_set_nice(t->priority);
+			else if (!(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY) ||
+				 t->saved_priority > target_node->min_priority)
+				binder_set_nice(target_node->min_priority);
+			cmd = BR_TRANSACTION;
+		} else {
+			tr.target.ptr = 0;
+			tr.cookie = 0;
+			cmd = BR_REPLY;
+		}
+		tr.code = t->code;
+		tr.flags = t->flags;
+		tr.sender_euid = from_kuid(current_user_ns(), t->sender_euid);
+
+		t_from = binder_get_txn_from(t);
+		if (t_from) {
+			struct task_struct *sender = t_from->proc->tsk;
+
+			tr.sender_pid = task_tgid_nr_ns(sender,
+							task_active_pid_ns(current));
+		} else {
+			tr.sender_pid = 0;
+		}
+
+		tr.data_size = t->buffer->data_size;
+		tr.offsets_size = t->buffer->offsets_size;
+		tr.data.ptr.buffer = (binder_uintptr_t)
+			((uintptr_t)t->buffer->data +
+			binder_alloc_get_user_buffer_offset(&proc->alloc));
+		tr.data.ptr.offsets = tr.data.ptr.buffer +
+					ALIGN(t->buffer->data_size,
+					    sizeof(void *));
+
+		if (put_user(cmd, (uint32_t __user *)ptr)) {
+			if (t_from)
+				binder_thread_dec_tmpref(t_from);
+
+			binder_cleanup_transaction(t, "put_user failed",
+						   BR_FAILED_REPLY);
+
+			return -EFAULT;
+		}
+		ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+		if (copy_to_user(ptr, &tr, sizeof(tr))) {
+			if (t_from)
+				binder_thread_dec_tmpref(t_from);
+
+			binder_cleanup_transaction(t, "copy_to_user failed",
+						   BR_FAILED_REPLY);
+
+			return -EFAULT;
+		}
+		ptr += sizeof(tr);
+
+		trace_binder_transaction_received(t);
+		binder_stat_br(proc, thread, cmd);
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_TRANSACTION,
+			     "%d:%d %s %d %d:%d, cmd %d size %zd-%zd ptr %016llx-%016llx\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+			     (cmd == BR_TRANSACTION) ? "BR_TRANSACTION" :
+			     "BR_REPLY",
+			     t->debug_id, t_from ? t_from->proc->pid : 0,
+			     t_from ? t_from->pid : 0, cmd,
+			     t->buffer->data_size, t->buffer->offsets_size,
+			     (u64)tr.data.ptr.buffer, (u64)tr.data.ptr.offsets);
+
+		if (t_from)
+			binder_thread_dec_tmpref(t_from);
+		t->buffer->allow_user_free = 1;
+		if (cmd == BR_TRANSACTION && !(t->flags & TF_ONE_WAY)) {
+			binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+			t->to_parent = thread->transaction_stack;
+			t->to_thread = thread;
+			thread->transaction_stack = t;
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+		} else {
+			binder_free_transaction(t);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+done:
+
+	*consumed = ptr - buffer;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	if (proc->requested_threads == 0 &&
+	    list_empty(&thread->proc->waiting_threads) &&
+	    proc->requested_threads_started < proc->max_threads &&
+	    (thread->looper & (BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_REGISTERED |
+	     BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_ENTERED)) /* the user-space code fails to */
+	     /*spawn a new thread if we leave this out */) {
+		proc->requested_threads++;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS,
+			     "%d:%d BR_SPAWN_LOOPER\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		if (put_user(BR_SPAWN_LOOPER, (uint32_t __user *)buffer))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		binder_stat_br(proc, thread, BR_SPAWN_LOOPER);
+	} else
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void binder_release_work(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				struct list_head *list)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	enum binder_work_type wtype;
+
+	while (1) {
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		w = binder_dequeue_work_head_ilocked(list);
+		wtype = w ? w->type : 0;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (!w)
+			return;
+
+		switch (wtype) {
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION: {
+			struct binder_transaction *t;
+
+			t = container_of(w, struct binder_transaction, work);
+
+			binder_cleanup_transaction(t, "process died.",
+						   BR_DEAD_REPLY);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR: {
+			struct binder_error *e = container_of(
+					w, struct binder_error, work);
+
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+				"undelivered TRANSACTION_ERROR: %u\n",
+				e->cmd);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE: {
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+				"undelivered TRANSACTION_COMPLETE\n");
+			kfree(w);
+			binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR:
+		case BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION: {
+			struct binder_ref_death *death;
+
+			death = container_of(w, struct binder_ref_death, work);
+			binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+				"undelivered death notification, %016llx\n",
+				(u64)death->cookie);
+			kfree(death);
+			binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_DEATH);
+		} break;
+		case BINDER_WORK_NODE:
+			break;
+		default:
+			pr_err("unexpected work type, %d, not freed\n",
+			       wtype);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+}
+
+static struct binder_thread *binder_get_thread_ilocked(
+		struct binder_proc *proc, struct binder_thread *new_thread)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *thread = NULL;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
+	struct rb_node **p = &proc->threads.rb_node;
+
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		thread = rb_entry(parent, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+
+		if (current->pid < thread->pid)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (current->pid > thread->pid)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			return thread;
+	}
+	if (!new_thread)
+		return NULL;
+	thread = new_thread;
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_THREAD);
+	thread->proc = proc;
+	thread->pid = current->pid;
+	atomic_set(&thread->tmp_ref, 0);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&thread->wait);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&thread->todo);
+	rb_link_node(&thread->rb_node, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&thread->rb_node, &proc->threads);
+	thread->looper_need_return = true;
+	thread->return_error.work.type = BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR;
+	thread->return_error.cmd = BR_OK;
+	thread->reply_error.work.type = BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR;
+	thread->reply_error.cmd = BR_OK;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new_thread->waiting_thread_node);
+	return thread;
+}
+
+static struct binder_thread *binder_get_thread(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+	struct binder_thread *new_thread;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	thread = binder_get_thread_ilocked(proc, NULL);
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (!thread) {
+		new_thread = kzalloc(sizeof(*thread), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (new_thread == NULL)
+			return NULL;
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		thread = binder_get_thread_ilocked(proc, new_thread);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (thread != new_thread)
+			kfree(new_thread);
+	}
+	return thread;
+}
+
+static void binder_free_proc(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&proc->todo));
+	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&proc->delivered_death));
+	binder_alloc_deferred_release(&proc->alloc);
+	put_task_struct(proc->tsk);
+	put_cred(proc->cred);
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_PROC);
+	kfree(proc);
+}
+
+static void binder_free_thread(struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&thread->todo));
+	binder_stats_deleted(BINDER_STAT_THREAD);
+	binder_proc_dec_tmpref(thread->proc);
+	kfree(thread);
+}
+
+static int binder_thread_release(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				 struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	struct binder_transaction *t;
+	struct binder_transaction *send_reply = NULL;
+	int active_transactions = 0;
+	struct binder_transaction *last_t = NULL;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	/*
+	 * take a ref on the proc so it survives
+	 * after we remove this thread from proc->threads.
+	 * The corresponding dec is when we actually
+	 * free the thread in binder_free_thread()
+	 */
+	proc->tmp_ref++;
+	/*
+	 * take a ref on this thread to ensure it
+	 * survives while we are releasing it
+	 */
+	atomic_inc(&thread->tmp_ref);
+	rb_erase(&thread->rb_node, &proc->threads);
+	t = thread->transaction_stack;
+	if (t) {
+		spin_lock(&t->lock);
+		if (t->to_thread == thread)
+			send_reply = t;
+	}
+	thread->is_dead = true;
+
+	while (t) {
+		last_t = t;
+		active_transactions++;
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_TRANSACTION,
+			     "release %d:%d transaction %d %s, still active\n",
+			      proc->pid, thread->pid,
+			     t->debug_id,
+			     (t->to_thread == thread) ? "in" : "out");
+
+		if (t->to_thread == thread) {
+			t->to_proc = NULL;
+			t->to_thread = NULL;
+			if (t->buffer) {
+				t->buffer->transaction = NULL;
+				t->buffer = NULL;
+			}
+			t = t->to_parent;
+		} else if (t->from == thread) {
+			t->from = NULL;
+			t = t->from_parent;
+		} else
+			BUG();
+		spin_unlock(&last_t->lock);
+		if (t)
+			spin_lock(&t->lock);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If this thread used poll, make sure we remove the waitqueue from any
+	 * poll data structures holding it.
+	 */
+	if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL)
+		wake_up_pollfree(&thread->wait);
+
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+
+	/*
+	 * This is needed to avoid races between wake_up_pollfree() above and
+	 * someone else removing the last entry from the queue for other reasons
+	 * (e.g. ep_remove_wait_queue() being called due to an epoll file
+	 * descriptor being closed).  Such other users hold an RCU read lock, so
+	 * we can be sure they're done after we call synchronize_rcu().
+	 */
+	if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL)
+		synchronize_rcu();
+
+	if (send_reply)
+		binder_send_failed_reply(send_reply, BR_DEAD_REPLY);
+	binder_release_work(proc, &thread->todo);
+	binder_thread_dec_tmpref(thread);
+	return active_transactions;
+}
+
+static __poll_t binder_poll(struct file *filp,
+				struct poll_table_struct *wait)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	struct binder_thread *thread = NULL;
+	bool wait_for_proc_work;
+
+	thread = binder_get_thread(proc);
+	if (!thread)
+		return POLLERR;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(thread->proc);
+	thread->looper |= BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_POLL;
+	wait_for_proc_work = binder_available_for_proc_work_ilocked(thread);
+
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(thread->proc);
+
+	poll_wait(filp, &thread->wait, wait);
+
+	if (binder_has_work(thread, wait_for_proc_work))
+		return EPOLLIN;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_write_read(struct file *filp,
+				unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg,
+				struct binder_thread *thread)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	unsigned int size = _IOC_SIZE(cmd);
+	void __user *ubuf = (void __user *)arg;
+	struct binder_write_read bwr;
+
+	if (size != sizeof(struct binder_write_read)) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	if (copy_from_user(&bwr, ubuf, sizeof(bwr))) {
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_READ_WRITE,
+		     "%d:%d write %lld at %016llx, read %lld at %016llx\n",
+		     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+		     (u64)bwr.write_size, (u64)bwr.write_buffer,
+		     (u64)bwr.read_size, (u64)bwr.read_buffer);
+
+	if (bwr.write_size > 0) {
+		ret = binder_thread_write(proc, thread,
+					  bwr.write_buffer,
+					  bwr.write_size,
+					  &bwr.write_consumed);
+		trace_binder_write_done(ret);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			bwr.read_consumed = 0;
+			if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &bwr, sizeof(bwr)))
+				ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+	if (bwr.read_size > 0) {
+		ret = binder_thread_read(proc, thread, bwr.read_buffer,
+					 bwr.read_size,
+					 &bwr.read_consumed,
+					 filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
+		trace_binder_read_done(ret);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		if (!binder_worklist_empty_ilocked(&proc->todo))
+			binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(proc);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &bwr, sizeof(bwr)))
+				ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_READ_WRITE,
+		     "%d:%d wrote %lld of %lld, read return %lld of %lld\n",
+		     proc->pid, thread->pid,
+		     (u64)bwr.write_consumed, (u64)bwr.write_size,
+		     (u64)bwr.read_consumed, (u64)bwr.read_size);
+	if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &bwr, sizeof(bwr))) {
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		goto out;
+	}
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_set_ctx_mgr(struct file *filp)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	struct binder_node *new_node;
+	kuid_t curr_euid = current_euid();
+
+	mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	if (context->binder_context_mgr_node) {
+		pr_err("BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR already set\n");
+		ret = -EBUSY;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	ret = security_binder_set_context_mgr(proc->cred);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out;
+	if (uid_valid(context->binder_context_mgr_uid)) {
+		if (!uid_eq(context->binder_context_mgr_uid, curr_euid)) {
+			pr_err("BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR bad uid %d != %d\n",
+			       from_kuid(&init_user_ns, curr_euid),
+			       from_kuid(&init_user_ns,
+					 context->binder_context_mgr_uid));
+			ret = -EPERM;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	} else {
+		context->binder_context_mgr_uid = curr_euid;
+	}
+	new_node = binder_new_node(proc, NULL);
+	if (!new_node) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	binder_node_lock(new_node);
+	new_node->local_weak_refs++;
+	new_node->local_strong_refs++;
+	new_node->has_strong_ref = 1;
+	new_node->has_weak_ref = 1;
+	context->binder_context_mgr_node = new_node;
+	binder_node_unlock(new_node);
+	binder_put_node(new_node);
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_ioctl_get_node_debug_info(struct binder_proc *proc,
+				struct binder_node_debug_info *info)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	binder_uintptr_t ptr = info->ptr;
+
+	memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->nodes); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		struct binder_node *node = rb_entry(n, struct binder_node,
+						    rb_node);
+		if (node->ptr > ptr) {
+			info->ptr = node->ptr;
+			info->cookie = node->cookie;
+			info->has_strong_ref = node->has_strong_ref;
+			info->has_weak_ref = node->has_weak_ref;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static long binder_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+	unsigned int size = _IOC_SIZE(cmd);
+	void __user *ubuf = (void __user *)arg;
+
+	/*pr_info("binder_ioctl: %d:%d %x %lx\n",
+			proc->pid, current->pid, cmd, arg);*/
+
+	binder_selftest_alloc(&proc->alloc);
+
+	trace_binder_ioctl(cmd, arg);
+
+	ret = wait_event_interruptible(binder_user_error_wait, binder_stop_on_user_error < 2);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err_unlocked;
+
+	thread = binder_get_thread(proc);
+	if (thread == NULL) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case BINDER_WRITE_READ:
+		ret = binder_ioctl_write_read(filp, cmd, arg, thread);
+		if (ret)
+			goto err;
+		break;
+	case BINDER_SET_MAX_THREADS: {
+		int max_threads;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&max_threads, ubuf,
+				   sizeof(max_threads))) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+		proc->max_threads = max_threads;
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR:
+		ret = binder_ioctl_set_ctx_mgr(filp);
+		if (ret)
+			goto err;
+		break;
+	case BINDER_THREAD_EXIT:
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_THREADS, "%d:%d exit\n",
+			     proc->pid, thread->pid);
+		binder_thread_release(proc, thread);
+		thread = NULL;
+		break;
+	case BINDER_VERSION: {
+		struct binder_version __user *ver = ubuf;
+
+		if (size != sizeof(struct binder_version)) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		if (put_user(BINDER_CURRENT_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+			     &ver->protocol_version)) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	case BINDER_GET_NODE_DEBUG_INFO: {
+		struct binder_node_debug_info info;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, ubuf, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		ret = binder_ioctl_get_node_debug_info(proc, &info);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto err;
+
+		if (copy_to_user(ubuf, &info, sizeof(info))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto err;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	default:
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto err;
+	}
+	ret = 0;
+err:
+	if (thread)
+		thread->looper_need_return = false;
+	wait_event_interruptible(binder_user_error_wait, binder_stop_on_user_error < 2);
+	if (ret && ret != -ERESTARTSYS)
+		pr_info("%d:%d ioctl %x %lx returned %d\n", proc->pid, current->pid, cmd, arg, ret);
+err_unlocked:
+	trace_binder_ioctl_done(ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void binder_vma_open(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = vma->vm_private_data;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "%d open vm area %lx-%lx (%ld K) vma %lx pagep %lx\n",
+		     proc->pid, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
+		     (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) / SZ_1K, vma->vm_flags,
+		     (unsigned long)pgprot_val(vma->vm_page_prot));
+}
+
+static void binder_vma_close(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = vma->vm_private_data;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "%d close vm area %lx-%lx (%ld K) vma %lx pagep %lx\n",
+		     proc->pid, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
+		     (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) / SZ_1K, vma->vm_flags,
+		     (unsigned long)pgprot_val(vma->vm_page_prot));
+	binder_alloc_vma_close(&proc->alloc);
+	binder_defer_work(proc, BINDER_DEFERRED_PUT_FILES);
+}
+
+static vm_fault_t binder_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
+{
+	return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+}
+
+static const struct vm_operations_struct binder_vm_ops = {
+	.open = binder_vma_open,
+	.close = binder_vma_close,
+	.fault = binder_vm_fault,
+};
+
+static int binder_mmap(struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+	const char *failure_string;
+
+	if (proc->tsk != current->group_leader)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if ((vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) > SZ_4M)
+		vma->vm_end = vma->vm_start + SZ_4M;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "%s: %d %lx-%lx (%ld K) vma %lx pagep %lx\n",
+		     __func__, proc->pid, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
+		     (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) / SZ_1K, vma->vm_flags,
+		     (unsigned long)pgprot_val(vma->vm_page_prot));
+
+	if (vma->vm_flags & FORBIDDEN_MMAP_FLAGS) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		failure_string = "bad vm_flags";
+		goto err_bad_arg;
+	}
+	vma->vm_flags |= VM_DONTCOPY | VM_MIXEDMAP;
+	vma->vm_flags &= ~VM_MAYWRITE;
+
+	vma->vm_ops = &binder_vm_ops;
+	vma->vm_private_data = proc;
+
+	ret = binder_alloc_mmap_handler(&proc->alloc, vma);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	mutex_lock(&proc->files_lock);
+	proc->files = get_files_struct(current);
+	mutex_unlock(&proc->files_lock);
+	return 0;
+
+err_bad_arg:
+	pr_err("%s: %d %lx-%lx %s failed %d\n", __func__,
+	       proc->pid, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end, failure_string, ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int binder_open(struct inode *nodp, struct file *filp)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+	struct binder_device *binder_dev;
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE, "%s: %d:%d\n", __func__,
+		     current->group_leader->pid, current->pid);
+
+	proc = kzalloc(sizeof(*proc), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (proc == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	spin_lock_init(&proc->inner_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&proc->outer_lock);
+	get_task_struct(current->group_leader);
+	proc->tsk = current->group_leader;
+	mutex_init(&proc->files_lock);
+	proc->cred = get_cred(filp->f_cred);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->todo);
+	proc->default_priority = task_nice(current);
+	binder_dev = container_of(filp->private_data, struct binder_device,
+				  miscdev);
+	proc->context = &binder_dev->context;
+	binder_alloc_init(&proc->alloc);
+
+	binder_stats_created(BINDER_STAT_PROC);
+	proc->pid = current->group_leader->pid;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->delivered_death);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->waiting_threads);
+	filp->private_data = proc;
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_add_head(&proc->proc_node, &binder_procs);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	if (binder_debugfs_dir_entry_proc) {
+		char strbuf[11];
+
+		snprintf(strbuf, sizeof(strbuf), "%u", proc->pid);
+		/*
+		 * proc debug entries are shared between contexts, so
+		 * this will fail if the process tries to open the driver
+		 * again with a different context. The priting code will
+		 * anyway print all contexts that a given PID has, so this
+		 * is not a problem.
+		 */
+		proc->debugfs_entry = debugfs_create_file(strbuf, 0444,
+			binder_debugfs_dir_entry_proc,
+			(void *)(unsigned long)proc->pid,
+			&binder_proc_fops);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_flush(struct file *filp, fl_owner_t id)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+
+	binder_defer_work(proc, BINDER_DEFERRED_FLUSH);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void binder_deferred_flush(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	int wake_count = 0;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		struct binder_thread *thread = rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+
+		thread->looper_need_return = true;
+		if (thread->looper & BINDER_LOOPER_STATE_WAITING) {
+			wake_up_interruptible(&thread->wait);
+			wake_count++;
+		}
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "binder_flush: %d woke %d threads\n", proc->pid,
+		     wake_count);
+}
+
+static int binder_release(struct inode *nodp, struct file *filp)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc = filp->private_data;
+
+	debugfs_remove(proc->debugfs_entry);
+	binder_defer_work(proc, BINDER_DEFERRED_RELEASE);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_node_release(struct binder_node *node, int refs)
+{
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	int death = 0;
+	struct binder_proc *proc = node->proc;
+
+	binder_release_work(proc, &node->async_todo);
+
+	binder_node_lock(node);
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	binder_dequeue_work_ilocked(&node->work);
+	/*
+	 * The caller must have taken a temporary ref on the node,
+	 */
+	BUG_ON(!node->tmp_refs);
+	if (hlist_empty(&node->refs) && node->tmp_refs == 1) {
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+		binder_free_node(node);
+
+		return refs;
+	}
+
+	node->proc = NULL;
+	node->local_strong_refs = 0;
+	node->local_weak_refs = 0;
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	hlist_add_head(&node->dead_node, &binder_dead_nodes);
+	spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+
+	hlist_for_each_entry(ref, &node->refs, node_entry) {
+		refs++;
+		/*
+		 * Need the node lock to synchronize
+		 * with new notification requests and the
+		 * inner lock to synchronize with queued
+		 * death notifications.
+		 */
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(ref->proc);
+		if (!ref->death) {
+			binder_inner_proc_unlock(ref->proc);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		death++;
+
+		BUG_ON(!list_empty(&ref->death->work.entry));
+		ref->death->work.type = BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER;
+		binder_enqueue_work_ilocked(&ref->death->work,
+					    &ref->proc->todo);
+		binder_wakeup_proc_ilocked(ref->proc);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(ref->proc);
+	}
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+		     "node %d now dead, refs %d, death %d\n",
+		     node->debug_id, refs, death);
+	binder_node_unlock(node);
+	binder_put_node(node);
+
+	return refs;
+}
+
+static void binder_deferred_release(struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_context *context = proc->context;
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	int threads, nodes, incoming_refs, outgoing_refs, active_transactions;
+
+	BUG_ON(proc->files);
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_del(&proc->proc_node);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	mutex_lock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	if (context->binder_context_mgr_node &&
+	    context->binder_context_mgr_node->proc == proc) {
+		binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_DEAD_BINDER,
+			     "%s: %d context_mgr_node gone\n",
+			     __func__, proc->pid);
+		context->binder_context_mgr_node = NULL;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&context->context_mgr_node_lock);
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	/*
+	 * Make sure proc stays alive after we
+	 * remove all the threads
+	 */
+	proc->tmp_ref++;
+
+	proc->is_dead = true;
+	threads = 0;
+	active_transactions = 0;
+	while ((n = rb_first(&proc->threads))) {
+		struct binder_thread *thread;
+
+		thread = rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread, rb_node);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		threads++;
+		active_transactions += binder_thread_release(proc, thread);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	}
+
+	nodes = 0;
+	incoming_refs = 0;
+	while ((n = rb_first(&proc->nodes))) {
+		struct binder_node *node;
+
+		node = rb_entry(n, struct binder_node, rb_node);
+		nodes++;
+		/*
+		 * take a temporary ref on the node before
+		 * calling binder_node_release() which will either
+		 * kfree() the node or call binder_put_node()
+		 */
+		binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+		rb_erase(&node->rb_node, &proc->nodes);
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		incoming_refs = binder_node_release(node, incoming_refs);
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	outgoing_refs = 0;
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	while ((n = rb_first(&proc->refs_by_desc))) {
+		struct binder_ref *ref;
+
+		ref = rb_entry(n, struct binder_ref, rb_node_desc);
+		outgoing_refs++;
+		binder_cleanup_ref_olocked(ref);
+		binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+		binder_free_ref(ref);
+		binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	}
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+
+	binder_release_work(proc, &proc->todo);
+	binder_release_work(proc, &proc->delivered_death);
+
+	binder_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_OPEN_CLOSE,
+		     "%s: %d threads %d, nodes %d (ref %d), refs %d, active transactions %d\n",
+		     __func__, proc->pid, threads, nodes, incoming_refs,
+		     outgoing_refs, active_transactions);
+
+	binder_proc_dec_tmpref(proc);
+}
+
+static void binder_deferred_func(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+	struct files_struct *files;
+
+	int defer;
+
+	do {
+		mutex_lock(&binder_deferred_lock);
+		if (!hlist_empty(&binder_deferred_list)) {
+			proc = hlist_entry(binder_deferred_list.first,
+					struct binder_proc, deferred_work_node);
+			hlist_del_init(&proc->deferred_work_node);
+			defer = proc->deferred_work;
+			proc->deferred_work = 0;
+		} else {
+			proc = NULL;
+			defer = 0;
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&binder_deferred_lock);
+
+		files = NULL;
+		if (defer & BINDER_DEFERRED_PUT_FILES) {
+			mutex_lock(&proc->files_lock);
+			files = proc->files;
+			if (files)
+				proc->files = NULL;
+			mutex_unlock(&proc->files_lock);
+		}
+
+		if (defer & BINDER_DEFERRED_FLUSH)
+			binder_deferred_flush(proc);
+
+		if (defer & BINDER_DEFERRED_RELEASE)
+			binder_deferred_release(proc); /* frees proc */
+
+		if (files)
+			put_files_struct(files);
+	} while (proc);
+}
+static DECLARE_WORK(binder_deferred_work, binder_deferred_func);
+
+static void
+binder_defer_work(struct binder_proc *proc, enum binder_deferred_state defer)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&binder_deferred_lock);
+	proc->deferred_work |= defer;
+	if (hlist_unhashed(&proc->deferred_work_node)) {
+		hlist_add_head(&proc->deferred_work_node,
+				&binder_deferred_list);
+		schedule_work(&binder_deferred_work);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_deferred_lock);
+}
+
+static void print_binder_transaction_ilocked(struct seq_file *m,
+					     struct binder_proc *proc,
+					     const char *prefix,
+					     struct binder_transaction *t)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *to_proc;
+	struct binder_buffer *buffer = t->buffer;
+
+	spin_lock(&t->lock);
+	to_proc = t->to_proc;
+	seq_printf(m,
+		   "%s %d: %pK from %d:%d to %d:%d code %x flags %x pri %ld r%d",
+		   prefix, t->debug_id, t,
+		   t->from ? t->from->proc->pid : 0,
+		   t->from ? t->from->pid : 0,
+		   to_proc ? to_proc->pid : 0,
+		   t->to_thread ? t->to_thread->pid : 0,
+		   t->code, t->flags, t->priority, t->need_reply);
+	spin_unlock(&t->lock);
+
+	if (proc != to_proc) {
+		/*
+		 * Can only safely deref buffer if we are holding the
+		 * correct proc inner lock for this node
+		 */
+		seq_puts(m, "\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (buffer == NULL) {
+		seq_puts(m, " buffer free\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	if (buffer->target_node)
+		seq_printf(m, " node %d", buffer->target_node->debug_id);
+	seq_printf(m, " size %zd:%zd data %pK\n",
+		   buffer->data_size, buffer->offsets_size,
+		   buffer->data);
+}
+
+static void print_binder_work_ilocked(struct seq_file *m,
+				     struct binder_proc *proc,
+				     const char *prefix,
+				     const char *transaction_prefix,
+				     struct binder_work *w)
+{
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_transaction *t;
+
+	switch (w->type) {
+	case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION:
+		t = container_of(w, struct binder_transaction, work);
+		print_binder_transaction_ilocked(
+				m, proc, transaction_prefix, t);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR: {
+		struct binder_error *e = container_of(
+				w, struct binder_error, work);
+
+		seq_printf(m, "%stransaction error: %u\n",
+			   prefix, e->cmd);
+	} break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE:
+		seq_printf(m, "%stransaction complete\n", prefix);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_NODE:
+		node = container_of(w, struct binder_node, work);
+		seq_printf(m, "%snode work %d: u%016llx c%016llx\n",
+			   prefix, node->debug_id,
+			   (u64)node->ptr, (u64)node->cookie);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER:
+		seq_printf(m, "%shas dead binder\n", prefix);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR:
+		seq_printf(m, "%shas cleared dead binder\n", prefix);
+		break;
+	case BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION:
+		seq_printf(m, "%shas cleared death notification\n", prefix);
+		break;
+	default:
+		seq_printf(m, "%sunknown work: type %d\n", prefix, w->type);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void print_binder_thread_ilocked(struct seq_file *m,
+					struct binder_thread *thread,
+					int print_always)
+{
+	struct binder_transaction *t;
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	size_t start_pos = m->count;
+	size_t header_pos;
+
+	seq_printf(m, "  thread %d: l %02x need_return %d tr %d\n",
+			thread->pid, thread->looper,
+			thread->looper_need_return,
+			atomic_read(&thread->tmp_ref));
+	header_pos = m->count;
+	t = thread->transaction_stack;
+	while (t) {
+		if (t->from == thread) {
+			print_binder_transaction_ilocked(m, thread->proc,
+					"    outgoing transaction", t);
+			t = t->from_parent;
+		} else if (t->to_thread == thread) {
+			print_binder_transaction_ilocked(m, thread->proc,
+						 "    incoming transaction", t);
+			t = t->to_parent;
+		} else {
+			print_binder_transaction_ilocked(m, thread->proc,
+					"    bad transaction", t);
+			t = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	list_for_each_entry(w, &thread->todo, entry) {
+		print_binder_work_ilocked(m, thread->proc, "    ",
+					  "    pending transaction", w);
+	}
+	if (!print_always && m->count == header_pos)
+		m->count = start_pos;
+}
+
+static void print_binder_node_nilocked(struct seq_file *m,
+				       struct binder_node *node)
+{
+	struct binder_ref *ref;
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	int count;
+
+	count = 0;
+	hlist_for_each_entry(ref, &node->refs, node_entry)
+		count++;
+
+	seq_printf(m, "  node %d: u%016llx c%016llx hs %d hw %d ls %d lw %d is %d iw %d tr %d",
+		   node->debug_id, (u64)node->ptr, (u64)node->cookie,
+		   node->has_strong_ref, node->has_weak_ref,
+		   node->local_strong_refs, node->local_weak_refs,
+		   node->internal_strong_refs, count, node->tmp_refs);
+	if (count) {
+		seq_puts(m, " proc");
+		hlist_for_each_entry(ref, &node->refs, node_entry)
+			seq_printf(m, " %d", ref->proc->pid);
+	}
+	seq_puts(m, "\n");
+	if (node->proc) {
+		list_for_each_entry(w, &node->async_todo, entry)
+			print_binder_work_ilocked(m, node->proc, "    ",
+					  "    pending async transaction", w);
+	}
+}
+
+static void print_binder_ref_olocked(struct seq_file *m,
+				     struct binder_ref *ref)
+{
+	binder_node_lock(ref->node);
+	seq_printf(m, "  ref %d: desc %d %snode %d s %d w %d d %pK\n",
+		   ref->data.debug_id, ref->data.desc,
+		   ref->node->proc ? "" : "dead ",
+		   ref->node->debug_id, ref->data.strong,
+		   ref->data.weak, ref->death);
+	binder_node_unlock(ref->node);
+}
+
+static void print_binder_proc(struct seq_file *m,
+			      struct binder_proc *proc, int print_all)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	size_t start_pos = m->count;
+	size_t header_pos;
+	struct binder_node *last_node = NULL;
+
+	seq_printf(m, "proc %d\n", proc->pid);
+	seq_printf(m, "context %s\n", proc->context->name);
+	header_pos = m->count;
+
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n))
+		print_binder_thread_ilocked(m, rb_entry(n, struct binder_thread,
+						rb_node), print_all);
+
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->nodes); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		struct binder_node *node = rb_entry(n, struct binder_node,
+						    rb_node);
+		/*
+		 * take a temporary reference on the node so it
+		 * survives and isn't removed from the tree
+		 * while we print it.
+		 */
+		binder_inc_node_tmpref_ilocked(node);
+		/* Need to drop inner lock to take node lock */
+		binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+		if (last_node)
+			binder_put_node(last_node);
+		binder_node_inner_lock(node);
+		print_binder_node_nilocked(m, node);
+		binder_node_inner_unlock(node);
+		last_node = node;
+		binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (last_node)
+		binder_put_node(last_node);
+
+	if (print_all) {
+		binder_proc_lock(proc);
+		for (n = rb_first(&proc->refs_by_desc);
+		     n != NULL;
+		     n = rb_next(n))
+			print_binder_ref_olocked(m, rb_entry(n,
+							    struct binder_ref,
+							    rb_node_desc));
+		binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	}
+	binder_alloc_print_allocated(m, &proc->alloc);
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	list_for_each_entry(w, &proc->todo, entry)
+		print_binder_work_ilocked(m, proc, "  ",
+					  "  pending transaction", w);
+	list_for_each_entry(w, &proc->delivered_death, entry) {
+		seq_puts(m, "  has delivered dead binder\n");
+		break;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	if (!print_all && m->count == header_pos)
+		m->count = start_pos;
+}
+
+static const char * const binder_return_strings[] = {
+	"BR_ERROR",
+	"BR_OK",
+	"BR_TRANSACTION",
+	"BR_REPLY",
+	"BR_ACQUIRE_RESULT",
+	"BR_DEAD_REPLY",
+	"BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE",
+	"BR_INCREFS",
+	"BR_ACQUIRE",
+	"BR_RELEASE",
+	"BR_DECREFS",
+	"BR_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE",
+	"BR_NOOP",
+	"BR_SPAWN_LOOPER",
+	"BR_FINISHED",
+	"BR_DEAD_BINDER",
+	"BR_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION_DONE",
+	"BR_FAILED_REPLY"
+};
+
+static const char * const binder_command_strings[] = {
+	"BC_TRANSACTION",
+	"BC_REPLY",
+	"BC_ACQUIRE_RESULT",
+	"BC_FREE_BUFFER",
+	"BC_INCREFS",
+	"BC_ACQUIRE",
+	"BC_RELEASE",
+	"BC_DECREFS",
+	"BC_INCREFS_DONE",
+	"BC_ACQUIRE_DONE",
+	"BC_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE",
+	"BC_REGISTER_LOOPER",
+	"BC_ENTER_LOOPER",
+	"BC_EXIT_LOOPER",
+	"BC_REQUEST_DEATH_NOTIFICATION",
+	"BC_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION",
+	"BC_DEAD_BINDER_DONE",
+	"BC_TRANSACTION_SG",
+	"BC_REPLY_SG",
+};
+
+static const char * const binder_objstat_strings[] = {
+	"proc",
+	"thread",
+	"node",
+	"ref",
+	"death",
+	"transaction",
+	"transaction_complete"
+};
+
+static void print_binder_stats(struct seq_file *m, const char *prefix,
+			       struct binder_stats *stats)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(stats->bc) !=
+		     ARRAY_SIZE(binder_command_strings));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(stats->bc); i++) {
+		int temp = atomic_read(&stats->bc[i]);
+
+		if (temp)
+			seq_printf(m, "%s%s: %d\n", prefix,
+				   binder_command_strings[i], temp);
+	}
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(stats->br) !=
+		     ARRAY_SIZE(binder_return_strings));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(stats->br); i++) {
+		int temp = atomic_read(&stats->br[i]);
+
+		if (temp)
+			seq_printf(m, "%s%s: %d\n", prefix,
+				   binder_return_strings[i], temp);
+	}
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(stats->obj_created) !=
+		     ARRAY_SIZE(binder_objstat_strings));
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(stats->obj_created) !=
+		     ARRAY_SIZE(stats->obj_deleted));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(stats->obj_created); i++) {
+		int created = atomic_read(&stats->obj_created[i]);
+		int deleted = atomic_read(&stats->obj_deleted[i]);
+
+		if (created || deleted)
+			seq_printf(m, "%s%s: active %d total %d\n",
+				prefix,
+				binder_objstat_strings[i],
+				created - deleted,
+				created);
+	}
+}
+
+static void print_binder_proc_stats(struct seq_file *m,
+				    struct binder_proc *proc)
+{
+	struct binder_work *w;
+	struct binder_thread *thread;
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	int count, strong, weak, ready_threads;
+	size_t free_async_space =
+		binder_alloc_get_free_async_space(&proc->alloc);
+
+	seq_printf(m, "proc %d\n", proc->pid);
+	seq_printf(m, "context %s\n", proc->context->name);
+	count = 0;
+	ready_threads = 0;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->threads); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n))
+		count++;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(thread, &proc->waiting_threads, waiting_thread_node)
+		ready_threads++;
+
+	seq_printf(m, "  threads: %d\n", count);
+	seq_printf(m, "  requested threads: %d+%d/%d\n"
+			"  ready threads %d\n"
+			"  free async space %zd\n", proc->requested_threads,
+			proc->requested_threads_started, proc->max_threads,
+			ready_threads,
+			free_async_space);
+	count = 0;
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->nodes); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n))
+		count++;
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	seq_printf(m, "  nodes: %d\n", count);
+	count = 0;
+	strong = 0;
+	weak = 0;
+	binder_proc_lock(proc);
+	for (n = rb_first(&proc->refs_by_desc); n != NULL; n = rb_next(n)) {
+		struct binder_ref *ref = rb_entry(n, struct binder_ref,
+						  rb_node_desc);
+		count++;
+		strong += ref->data.strong;
+		weak += ref->data.weak;
+	}
+	binder_proc_unlock(proc);
+	seq_printf(m, "  refs: %d s %d w %d\n", count, strong, weak);
+
+	count = binder_alloc_get_allocated_count(&proc->alloc);
+	seq_printf(m, "  buffers: %d\n", count);
+
+	binder_alloc_print_pages(m, &proc->alloc);
+
+	count = 0;
+	binder_inner_proc_lock(proc);
+	list_for_each_entry(w, &proc->todo, entry) {
+		if (w->type == BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION)
+			count++;
+	}
+	binder_inner_proc_unlock(proc);
+	seq_printf(m, "  pending transactions: %d\n", count);
+
+	print_binder_stats(m, "  ", &proc->stats);
+}
+
+
+static int binder_state_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+	struct binder_node *node;
+	struct binder_node *last_node = NULL;
+
+	seq_puts(m, "binder state:\n");
+
+	spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	if (!hlist_empty(&binder_dead_nodes))
+		seq_puts(m, "dead nodes:\n");
+	hlist_for_each_entry(node, &binder_dead_nodes, dead_node) {
+		/*
+		 * take a temporary reference on the node so it
+		 * survives and isn't removed from the list
+		 * while we print it.
+		 */
+		node->tmp_refs++;
+		spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+		if (last_node)
+			binder_put_node(last_node);
+		binder_node_lock(node);
+		print_binder_node_nilocked(m, node);
+		binder_node_unlock(node);
+		last_node = node;
+		spin_lock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&binder_dead_nodes_lock);
+	if (last_node)
+		binder_put_node(last_node);
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(proc, &binder_procs, proc_node)
+		print_binder_proc(m, proc, 1);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_stats_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+
+	seq_puts(m, "binder stats:\n");
+
+	print_binder_stats(m, "", &binder_stats);
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(proc, &binder_procs, proc_node)
+		print_binder_proc_stats(m, proc);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_transactions_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *proc;
+
+	seq_puts(m, "binder transactions:\n");
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(proc, &binder_procs, proc_node)
+		print_binder_proc(m, proc, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int binder_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_proc *itr;
+	int pid = (unsigned long)m->private;
+
+	mutex_lock(&binder_procs_lock);
+	hlist_for_each_entry(itr, &binder_procs, proc_node) {
+		if (itr->pid == pid) {
+			seq_puts(m, "binder proc state:\n");
+			print_binder_proc(m, itr, 1);
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&binder_procs_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void print_binder_transaction_log_entry(struct seq_file *m,
+					struct binder_transaction_log_entry *e)
+{
+	int debug_id = READ_ONCE(e->debug_id_done);
+	/*
+	 * read barrier to guarantee debug_id_done read before
+	 * we print the log values
+	 */
+	smp_rmb();
+	seq_printf(m,
+		   "%d: %s from %d:%d to %d:%d context %s node %d handle %d size %d:%d ret %d/%d l=%d",
+		   e->debug_id, (e->call_type == 2) ? "reply" :
+		   ((e->call_type == 1) ? "async" : "call "), e->from_proc,
+		   e->from_thread, e->to_proc, e->to_thread, e->context_name,
+		   e->to_node, e->target_handle, e->data_size, e->offsets_size,
+		   e->return_error, e->return_error_param,
+		   e->return_error_line);
+	/*
+	 * read-barrier to guarantee read of debug_id_done after
+	 * done printing the fields of the entry
+	 */
+	smp_rmb();
+	seq_printf(m, debug_id && debug_id == READ_ONCE(e->debug_id_done) ?
+			"\n" : " (incomplete)\n");
+}
+
+static int binder_transaction_log_show(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+	struct binder_transaction_log *log = m->private;
+	unsigned int log_cur = atomic_read(&log->cur);
+	unsigned int count;
+	unsigned int cur;
+	int i;
+
+	count = log_cur + 1;
+	cur = count < ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry) && !log->full ?
+		0 : count % ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry);
+	if (count > ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry) || log->full)
+		count = ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry);
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		unsigned int index = cur++ % ARRAY_SIZE(log->entry);
+
+		print_binder_transaction_log_entry(m, &log->entry[index]);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations binder_fops = {
+	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
+	.poll = binder_poll,
+	.unlocked_ioctl = binder_ioctl,
+	.compat_ioctl = binder_ioctl,
+	.mmap = binder_mmap,
+	.open = binder_open,
+	.flush = binder_flush,
+	.release = binder_release,
+};
+
+BINDER_DEBUG_ENTRY(state);
+BINDER_DEBUG_ENTRY(stats);
+BINDER_DEBUG_ENTRY(transactions);
+BINDER_DEBUG_ENTRY(transaction_log);
+
+static int __init init_binder_device(const char *name)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct binder_device *binder_device;
+
+	binder_device = kzalloc(sizeof(*binder_device), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!binder_device)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	binder_device->miscdev.fops = &binder_fops;
+	binder_device->miscdev.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR;
+	binder_device->miscdev.name = name;
+
+	binder_device->context.binder_context_mgr_uid = INVALID_UID;
+	binder_device->context.name = name;
+	mutex_init(&binder_device->context.context_mgr_node_lock);
+
+	ret = misc_register(&binder_device->miscdev);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		kfree(binder_device);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	hlist_add_head(&binder_device->hlist, &binder_devices);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int __init binder_init(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+	char *device_name, *device_names, *device_tmp;
+	struct binder_device *device;
+	struct hlist_node *tmp;
+
+	ret = binder_alloc_shrinker_init();
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	atomic_set(&binder_transaction_log.cur, ~0U);
+	atomic_set(&binder_transaction_log_failed.cur, ~0U);
+
+	binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root = debugfs_create_dir("binder", NULL);
+	if (binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root)
+		binder_debugfs_dir_entry_proc = debugfs_create_dir("proc",
+						 binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root);
+
+	if (binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root) {
+		debugfs_create_file("state",
+				    0444,
+				    binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root,
+				    NULL,
+				    &binder_state_fops);
+		debugfs_create_file("stats",
+				    0444,
+				    binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root,
+				    NULL,
+				    &binder_stats_fops);
+		debugfs_create_file("transactions",
+				    0444,
+				    binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root,
+				    NULL,
+				    &binder_transactions_fops);
+		debugfs_create_file("transaction_log",
+				    0444,
+				    binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root,
+				    &binder_transaction_log,
+				    &binder_transaction_log_fops);
+		debugfs_create_file("failed_transaction_log",
+				    0444,
+				    binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root,
+				    &binder_transaction_log_failed,
+				    &binder_transaction_log_fops);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Copy the module_parameter string, because we don't want to
+	 * tokenize it in-place.
+	 */
+	device_names = kzalloc(strlen(binder_devices_param) + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!device_names) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto err_alloc_device_names_failed;
+	}
+	strcpy(device_names, binder_devices_param);
+
+	device_tmp = device_names;
+	while ((device_name = strsep(&device_tmp, ","))) {
+		ret = init_binder_device(device_name);
+		if (ret)
+			goto err_init_binder_device_failed;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+
+err_init_binder_device_failed:
+	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(device, tmp, &binder_devices, hlist) {
+		misc_deregister(&device->miscdev);
+		hlist_del(&device->hlist);
+		kfree(device);
+	}
+
+	kfree(device_names);
+
+err_alloc_device_names_failed:
+	debugfs_remove_recursive(binder_debugfs_dir_entry_root);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+device_initcall(binder_init);
+
+#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
+#include "binder_trace.h"
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");