Adding upstream version 4.19.249.upstream/4.19.249upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

5 files changed, 4912 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/Makefile b/sound/pci/trident/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..88676b50f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-trident-objs := trident.o trident_main.o trident_memory.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_TRIDENT) += snd-trident.o
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident.c b/sound/pci/trident/trident.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2f18b1cdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident.c
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+/*
+ *  Driver for Trident 4DWave DX/NX & SiS SI7018 Audio PCI soundcard
+ *
+ *  Driver was originated by Trident <audio@tridentmicro.com>
+ *  			     Fri Feb 19 15:55:28 MST 1999
+ *
+ *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include "trident.h"
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>, <audio@tridentmicro.com>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Trident 4D-WaveDX/NX & SiS SI7018");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("{{Trident,4DWave DX},"
+		"{Trident,4DWave NX},"
+		"{SiS,SI7018 PCI Audio},"
+		"{Best Union,Miss Melody 4DWave PCI},"
+		"{HIS,4DWave PCI},"
+		"{Warpspeed,ONSpeed 4DWave PCI},"
+		"{Aztech Systems,PCI 64-Q3D},"
+		"{Addonics,SV 750},"
+		"{CHIC,True Sound 4Dwave},"
+		"{Shark,Predator4D-PCI},"
+		"{Jaton,SonicWave 4D},"
+		"{Hoontech,SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX}}");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;	/* Enable this card */
+static int pcm_channels[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 32};
+static int wavetable_size[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 8192};
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for Trident 4DWave PCI soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for Trident 4DWave PCI soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable Trident 4DWave PCI soundcard.");
+module_param_array(pcm_channels, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(pcm_channels, "Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM.");
+module_param_array(wavetable_size, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wavetable_size, "Maximum memory size in kB for wavetable synth.");
+
+static const struct pci_device_id snd_trident_ids[] = {
+	{PCI_DEVICE(PCI_VENDOR_ID_TRIDENT, PCI_DEVICE_ID_TRIDENT_4DWAVE_DX), 
+		PCI_CLASS_MULTIMEDIA_AUDIO << 8, 0xffff00, 0},
+	{PCI_DEVICE(PCI_VENDOR_ID_TRIDENT, PCI_DEVICE_ID_TRIDENT_4DWAVE_NX), 
+		0, 0, 0},
+	{PCI_DEVICE(PCI_VENDOR_ID_SI, PCI_DEVICE_ID_SI_7018), 0, 0, 0},
+	{ 0, }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, snd_trident_ids);
+
+static int snd_trident_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			     const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_trident *trident;
+	const char *str;
+	int err, pcm_dev = 0;
+
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (!enable[dev]) {
+		dev++;
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_card_new(&pci->dev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			   0, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_trident_create(card, pci,
+				      pcm_channels[dev],
+				      ((pci->vendor << 16) | pci->device) == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 ? 1 : 2,
+				      wavetable_size[dev],
+				      &trident)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	card->private_data = trident;
+
+	switch (trident->device) {
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX:
+		str = "TRID4DWAVEDX";
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX:
+		str = "TRID4DWAVENX";
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018:
+		str = "SI7018";
+		break;
+	default:
+		str = "Unknown";
+	}
+	strcpy(card->driver, str);
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		strcpy(card->shortname, "SiS ");
+	} else {
+		strcpy(card->shortname, "Trident ");
+	}
+	strcat(card->shortname, str);
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s PCI Audio at 0x%lx, irq %d",
+		card->shortname, trident->port, trident->irq);
+
+	if ((err = snd_trident_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	switch (trident->device) {
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX:
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX:
+		if ((err = snd_trident_foldback_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++)) < 0) {
+			snd_card_free(card);
+			return err;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX || trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		if ((err = snd_trident_spdif_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++)) < 0) {
+			snd_card_free(card);
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 &&
+	    (err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_TRID4DWAVE,
+				       trident->midi_port,
+				       MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
+				       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+				       -1, &trident->rmidi)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	snd_trident_create_gameport(trident);
+
+	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_trident_remove(struct pci_dev *pci)
+{
+	snd_card_free(pci_get_drvdata(pci));
+}
+
+static struct pci_driver trident_driver = {
+	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
+	.id_table = snd_trident_ids,
+	.probe = snd_trident_probe,
+	.remove = snd_trident_remove,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	.driver = {
+		.pm = &snd_trident_pm,
+	},
+#endif
+};
+
+module_pci_driver(trident_driver);
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident.h b/sound/pci/trident/trident.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2d62c1921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident.h
@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+#ifndef __SOUND_TRIDENT_H
+#define __SOUND_TRIDENT_H
+
+/*
+ *  audio@tridentmicro.com
+ *  Fri Feb 19 15:55:28 MST 1999
+ *  Definitions for Trident 4DWave DX/NX chips
+ *
+ *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <sound/util_mem.h>
+
+#define TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX		((PCI_VENDOR_ID_TRIDENT<<16)|PCI_DEVICE_ID_TRIDENT_4DWAVE_DX)
+#define TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX		((PCI_VENDOR_ID_TRIDENT<<16)|PCI_DEVICE_ID_TRIDENT_4DWAVE_NX)
+#define TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018	((PCI_VENDOR_ID_SI<<16)|PCI_DEVICE_ID_SI_7018)
+
+#define SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_PCM		0
+#define SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_SYNTH		1
+#define SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_MIDI		2
+
+#define SNDRV_TRIDENT_VFLG_RUNNING		(1<<0)
+
+/* TLB code constants */
+#define SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE			4096
+#define SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SHIFT			12
+#define SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_MASK			((1<<SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SHIFT)-1)
+#define SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES			4096
+
+/*
+ * Direct registers
+ */
+
+#define TRID_REG(trident, x) ((trident)->port + (x))
+
+#define ID_4DWAVE_DX        0x2000
+#define ID_4DWAVE_NX        0x2001
+
+/* Bank definitions */
+
+#define T4D_BANK_A	0
+#define T4D_BANK_B	1
+#define T4D_NUM_BANKS	2
+
+/* Register definitions */
+
+/* Global registers */
+
+enum global_control_bits {
+	CHANNEL_IDX	= 0x0000003f,
+	OVERRUN_IE	= 0x00000400,	/* interrupt enable: capture overrun */
+	UNDERRUN_IE	= 0x00000800,	/* interrupt enable: playback underrun */
+	ENDLP_IE	= 0x00001000,	/* interrupt enable: end of buffer */
+	MIDLP_IE	= 0x00002000,	/* interrupt enable: middle buffer */
+	ETOG_IE		= 0x00004000,	/* interrupt enable: envelope toggling */
+	EDROP_IE	= 0x00008000,	/* interrupt enable: envelope drop */
+	BANK_B_EN	= 0x00010000,	/* SiS: enable bank B (64 channels) */
+	PCMIN_B_MIX	= 0x00020000,	/* SiS: PCM IN B mixing enable */
+	I2S_OUT_ASSIGN	= 0x00040000,	/* SiS: I2S Out contains surround PCM */
+	SPDIF_OUT_ASSIGN= 0x00080000,	/* SiS: 0=S/PDIF L/R | 1=PCM Out FIFO */
+	MAIN_OUT_ASSIGN = 0x00100000,	/* SiS: 0=PCM Out FIFO | 1=MMC Out buffer */
+};
+
+enum miscint_bits {
+	PB_UNDERRUN_IRQ = 0x00000001, REC_OVERRUN_IRQ = 0x00000002,
+	SB_IRQ		= 0x00000004, MPU401_IRQ      = 0x00000008,
+	OPL3_IRQ        = 0x00000010, ADDRESS_IRQ     = 0x00000020,
+	ENVELOPE_IRQ    = 0x00000040, PB_UNDERRUN     = 0x00000100,
+	REC_OVERRUN	= 0x00000200, MIXER_UNDERFLOW = 0x00000400,
+	MIXER_OVERFLOW  = 0x00000800, NX_SB_IRQ_DISABLE = 0x00001000,
+        ST_TARGET_REACHED = 0x00008000,
+	PB_24K_MODE     = 0x00010000, ST_IRQ_EN       = 0x00800000,
+	ACGPIO_IRQ	= 0x01000000
+};
+
+/* T2 legacy dma control registers. */
+#define LEGACY_DMAR0                0x00  // ADR0
+#define LEGACY_DMAR4                0x04  // CNT0
+#define LEGACY_DMAR6		    0x06  // CNT0 - High bits
+#define LEGACY_DMAR11               0x0b  // MOD 
+#define LEGACY_DMAR15               0x0f  // MMR 
+
+#define T4D_START_A		     0x80
+#define T4D_STOP_A		     0x84
+#define T4D_DLY_A		     0x88
+#define T4D_SIGN_CSO_A		     0x8c
+#define T4D_CSPF_A		     0x90
+#define T4D_CSPF_B		     0xbc
+#define T4D_CEBC_A		     0x94
+#define T4D_AINT_A		     0x98
+#define T4D_AINTEN_A		     0x9c
+#define T4D_LFO_GC_CIR               0xa0
+#define T4D_MUSICVOL_WAVEVOL         0xa8
+#define T4D_SBDELTA_DELTA_R          0xac
+#define T4D_MISCINT                  0xb0
+#define T4D_START_B                  0xb4
+#define T4D_STOP_B                   0xb8
+#define T4D_SBBL_SBCL                0xc0
+#define T4D_SBCTRL_SBE2R_SBDD        0xc4
+#define T4D_STIMER		     0xc8
+#define T4D_AINT_B                   0xd8
+#define T4D_AINTEN_B                 0xdc
+#define T4D_RCI                      0x70
+
+/* MPU-401 UART */
+#define T4D_MPU401_BASE             0x20
+#define T4D_MPUR0                   0x20
+#define T4D_MPUR1                   0x21
+#define T4D_MPUR2                   0x22
+#define T4D_MPUR3                   0x23
+
+/* S/PDIF Registers */
+#define NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO             0x24
+#define NX_SPLBA                    0x28
+#define NX_SPESO                    0x2c
+#define NX_SPCSTATUS                0x64
+
+/* Joystick */
+#define GAMEPORT_GCR                0x30
+#define GAMEPORT_MODE_ADC           0x80
+#define GAMEPORT_LEGACY             0x31
+#define GAMEPORT_AXES               0x34
+
+/* NX Specific Registers */
+#define NX_TLBC                     0x6c
+
+/* Channel Registers */
+
+#define CH_START		    0xe0
+
+#define CH_DX_CSO_ALPHA_FMS         0xe0
+#define CH_DX_ESO_DELTA             0xe8
+#define CH_DX_FMC_RVOL_CVOL         0xec
+
+#define CH_NX_DELTA_CSO             0xe0
+#define CH_NX_DELTA_ESO             0xe8
+#define CH_NX_ALPHA_FMS_FMC_RVOL_CVOL 0xec
+
+#define CH_LBA                      0xe4
+#define CH_GVSEL_PAN_VOL_CTRL_EC    0xf0
+#define CH_EBUF1                    0xf4
+#define CH_EBUF2                    0xf8
+
+/* AC-97 Registers */
+
+#define DX_ACR0_AC97_W              0x40
+#define DX_ACR1_AC97_R              0x44
+#define DX_ACR2_AC97_COM_STAT       0x48
+
+#define NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT       0x40
+#define NX_ACR1_AC97_W              0x44
+#define NX_ACR2_AC97_R_PRIMARY      0x48
+#define NX_ACR3_AC97_R_SECONDARY    0x4c
+
+#define SI_AC97_WRITE		    0x40
+#define SI_AC97_READ		    0x44
+#define SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL	    0x48
+#define SI_AC97_GPIO		    0x4c
+#define SI_ASR0			    0x50
+#define SI_SPDIF_CS		    0x70
+#define SI_GPIO			    0x7c
+
+enum trident_nx_ac97_bits {
+	/* ACR1-3 */
+	NX_AC97_BUSY_WRITE 	= 0x0800,
+	NX_AC97_BUSY_READ	= 0x0800,
+	NX_AC97_BUSY_DATA 	= 0x0400,
+	NX_AC97_WRITE_SECONDARY = 0x0100,
+	/* ACR0 */
+	NX_AC97_SECONDARY_READY = 0x0040,
+	NX_AC97_SECONDARY_RECORD = 0x0020,
+	NX_AC97_SURROUND_OUTPUT = 0x0010,
+	NX_AC97_PRIMARY_READY	= 0x0008,
+	NX_AC97_PRIMARY_RECORD	= 0x0004,
+	NX_AC97_PCM_OUTPUT	= 0x0002,
+	NX_AC97_WARM_RESET	= 0x0001
+};
+
+enum trident_dx_ac97_bits {
+	DX_AC97_BUSY_WRITE	= 0x8000,
+	DX_AC97_BUSY_READ	= 0x8000,
+	DX_AC97_READY		= 0x0010,
+	DX_AC97_RECORD		= 0x0008,
+	DX_AC97_PLAYBACK	= 0x0002
+};
+
+enum sis7018_ac97_bits {
+	SI_AC97_BUSY_WRITE =	0x00008000,
+	SI_AC97_AUDIO_BUSY =	0x00004000,
+	SI_AC97_MODEM_BUSY =	0x00002000,
+	SI_AC97_BUSY_READ =	0x00008000,
+	SI_AC97_SECONDARY =	0x00000080,
+};
+
+enum serial_intf_ctrl_bits {
+	WARM_RESET	= 0x00000001,
+	COLD_RESET	= 0x00000002,
+	I2S_CLOCK	= 0x00000004,
+	PCM_SEC_AC97	= 0x00000008,
+	AC97_DBL_RATE	= 0x00000010,
+	SPDIF_EN	= 0x00000020,
+	I2S_OUTPUT_EN	= 0x00000040,
+	I2S_INPUT_EN	= 0x00000080,
+	PCMIN		= 0x00000100,
+	LINE1IN		= 0x00000200,
+	MICIN		= 0x00000400,
+	LINE2IN		= 0x00000800,
+	HEAD_SET_IN	= 0x00001000,
+	GPIOIN		= 0x00002000,
+	/* 7018 spec says id = 01 but the demo board routed to 10
+	   SECONDARY_ID= 0x00004000, */
+	SECONDARY_ID	= 0x00004000,
+	PCMOUT		= 0x00010000,
+	SURROUT		= 0x00020000,
+	CENTEROUT	= 0x00040000,
+	LFEOUT		= 0x00080000,
+	LINE1OUT	= 0x00100000,
+	LINE2OUT	= 0x00200000,
+	GPIOOUT		= 0x00400000,
+	SI_AC97_PRIMARY_READY = 0x01000000,
+	SI_AC97_SECONDARY_READY = 0x02000000,
+	SI_AC97_POWERDOWN = 0x04000000,
+};
+                                                                                                                                   
+/* PCM defaults */
+
+#define T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_VOL	10	/* 0 - 255 */
+#define T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_PAN	0	/* 0 - 127 */
+#define T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_RVOL	127	/* 0 - 127 */
+#define T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_CVOL	127	/* 0 - 127 */
+
+struct snd_trident;
+struct snd_trident_voice;
+struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer;
+
+struct snd_trident_port {
+	struct snd_midi_channel_set * chset;
+	struct snd_trident * trident;
+	int mode;		/* operation mode */
+	int client;		/* sequencer client number */
+	int port;		/* sequencer port number */
+	unsigned int midi_has_voices: 1;
+};
+
+struct snd_trident_memblk_arg {
+	short first_page, last_page;
+};
+
+struct snd_trident_tlb {
+	__le32 *entries;		/* 16k-aligned TLB table */
+	dma_addr_t entries_dmaaddr;	/* 16k-aligned PCI address to TLB table */
+	unsigned long * shadow_entries;	/* shadow entries with virtual addresses */
+	struct snd_dma_buffer buffer;
+	struct snd_util_memhdr * memhdr;	/* page allocation list */
+	struct snd_dma_buffer silent_page;
+};
+
+struct snd_trident_voice {
+	unsigned int number;
+	unsigned int use: 1,
+	    pcm: 1,
+	    synth:1,
+	    midi: 1;
+	unsigned int flags;
+	unsigned char client;
+	unsigned char port;
+	unsigned char index;
+
+	struct snd_trident_sample_ops *sample_ops;
+
+	/* channel parameters */
+	unsigned int CSO;		/* 24 bits (16 on DX) */
+	unsigned int ESO;		/* 24 bits (16 on DX) */
+	unsigned int LBA;		/* 30 bits */
+	unsigned short EC;		/* 12 bits */
+	unsigned short Alpha;		/* 12 bits */
+	unsigned short Delta;		/* 16 bits */
+	unsigned short Attribute;	/* 16 bits - SiS 7018 */
+	unsigned short Vol;		/* 12 bits (6.6) */
+	unsigned char Pan;		/* 7 bits (1.4.2) */
+	unsigned char GVSel;		/* 1 bit */
+	unsigned char RVol;		/* 7 bits (5.2) */
+	unsigned char CVol;		/* 7 bits (5.2) */
+	unsigned char FMC;		/* 2 bits */
+	unsigned char CTRL;		/* 4 bits */
+	unsigned char FMS;		/* 4 bits */
+	unsigned char LFO;		/* 8 bits */
+
+	unsigned int negCSO;	/* nonzero - use negative CSO */
+
+	struct snd_util_memblk *memblk;	/* memory block if TLB enabled */
+
+	/* PCM data */
+
+	struct snd_trident *trident;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *extra;	/* extra PCM voice (acts as interrupt generator) */
+	unsigned int running: 1,
+            capture: 1,
+            spdif: 1,
+            foldback: 1,
+            isync: 1,
+            isync2: 1,
+            isync3: 1;
+	int foldback_chan;		/* foldback subdevice number */
+	unsigned int stimer;		/* global sample timer (to detect spurious interrupts) */
+	unsigned int spurious_threshold; /* spurious threshold */
+	unsigned int isync_mark;
+	unsigned int isync_max;
+	unsigned int isync_ESO;
+
+	/* --- */
+
+	void *private_data;
+	void (*private_free)(struct snd_trident_voice *voice);
+};
+
+struct snd_4dwave {
+	int seq_client;
+
+	struct snd_trident_port seq_ports[4];
+	struct snd_trident_voice voices[64];	
+
+	int ChanSynthCount;		/* number of allocated synth channels */
+	int max_size;			/* maximum synth memory size in bytes */
+	int current_size;		/* current allocated synth mem in bytes */
+};
+
+struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer {
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice;	/* active voice */
+	unsigned short vol;		/* front volume */
+	unsigned char pan;		/* pan control */
+	unsigned char rvol;		/* rear volume */
+	unsigned char cvol;		/* center volume */
+	unsigned char pad;
+};
+
+struct snd_trident {
+	int irq;
+
+	unsigned int device;	/* device ID */
+
+        unsigned char  bDMAStart;
+
+	unsigned long port;
+	unsigned long midi_port;
+
+	unsigned int spurious_irq_count;
+	unsigned int spurious_irq_max_delta;
+
+        struct snd_trident_tlb tlb;	/* TLB entries for NX cards */
+
+	unsigned char spdif_ctrl;
+	unsigned char spdif_pcm_ctrl;
+	unsigned int spdif_bits;
+	unsigned int spdif_pcm_bits;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *spdif_pcm_ctl;	/* S/PDIF settings */
+	unsigned int ac97_ctrl;
+        
+        unsigned int ChanMap[2];	/* allocation map for hardware channels */
+        
+        int ChanPCM;			/* max number of PCM channels */
+	int ChanPCMcnt;			/* actual number of PCM channels */
+
+	unsigned int ac97_detect: 1;	/* 1 = AC97 in detection phase */
+	unsigned int in_suspend: 1;	/* 1 during suspend/resume */
+
+	struct snd_4dwave synth;	/* synth specific variables */
+
+	spinlock_t event_lock;
+	spinlock_t voice_alloc;
+
+	struct snd_dma_device dma_dev;
+
+	struct pci_dev *pci;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;		/* ADC/DAC PCM */
+	struct snd_pcm *foldback;	/* Foldback PCM */
+	struct snd_pcm *spdif;	/* SPDIF PCM */
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+
+	struct snd_ac97_bus *ac97_bus;
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97;
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97_sec;
+
+	unsigned int musicvol_wavevol;
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer pcm_mixer[32];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl_vol;	/* front volume */
+	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl_pan;	/* pan */
+	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl_rvol;	/* rear volume */
+	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl_cvol;	/* center volume */
+
+	spinlock_t reg_lock;
+
+	struct gameport *gameport;
+};
+
+int snd_trident_create(struct snd_card *card,
+		       struct pci_dev *pci,
+		       int pcm_streams,
+		       int pcm_spdif_device,
+		       int max_wavetable_size,
+		       struct snd_trident ** rtrident);
+int snd_trident_create_gameport(struct snd_trident *trident);
+
+int snd_trident_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device);
+int snd_trident_foldback_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device);
+int snd_trident_spdif_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device);
+int snd_trident_attach_synthesizer(struct snd_trident * trident);
+struct snd_trident_voice *snd_trident_alloc_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, int type,
+					     int client, int port);
+void snd_trident_free_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, struct snd_trident_voice *voice);
+void snd_trident_start_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, unsigned int voice);
+void snd_trident_stop_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, unsigned int voice);
+void snd_trident_write_voice_regs(struct snd_trident * trident, struct snd_trident_voice *voice);
+extern const struct dev_pm_ops snd_trident_pm;
+
+/* TLB memory allocation */
+struct snd_util_memblk *snd_trident_alloc_pages(struct snd_trident *trident,
+						struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
+int snd_trident_free_pages(struct snd_trident *trident, struct snd_util_memblk *blk);
+struct snd_util_memblk *snd_trident_synth_alloc(struct snd_trident *trident, unsigned int size);
+int snd_trident_synth_free(struct snd_trident *trident, struct snd_util_memblk *blk);
+int snd_trident_synth_copy_from_user(struct snd_trident *trident, struct snd_util_memblk *blk,
+				     int offset, const char __user *data, int size);
+
+#endif /* __SOUND_TRIDENT_H */
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c b/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5523e193d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3958 @@
+/*
+ *  Maintained by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Originated by audio@tridentmicro.com
+ *  Fri Feb 19 15:55:28 MST 1999
+ *  Routines for control of Trident 4DWave (DX and NX) chip
+ *
+ *  BUGS:
+ *
+ *  TODO:
+ *    ---
+ *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ *
+ *  SiS7018 S/PDIF support by Thomas Winischhofer <thomas@winischhofer.net>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/gameport.h>
+#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+#include "trident.h"
+#include <sound/asoundef.h>
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_mixer_build(struct snd_trident *trident,
+				       struct snd_trident_voice * voice,
+				       struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
+static int snd_trident_pcm_mixer_free(struct snd_trident *trident,
+				      struct snd_trident_voice * voice,
+				      struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
+static irqreturn_t snd_trident_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id);
+static int snd_trident_sis_reset(struct snd_trident *trident);
+
+static void snd_trident_clear_voices(struct snd_trident * trident,
+				     unsigned short v_min, unsigned short v_max);
+static int snd_trident_free(struct snd_trident *trident);
+
+/*
+ *  common I/O routines
+ */
+
+
+#if 0
+static void snd_trident_print_voice_regs(struct snd_trident *trident, int voice)
+{
+	unsigned int val, tmp;
+
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "Trident voice %i:\n", voice);
+	outb(voice, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_LBA));
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "LBA: 0x%x\n", val);
+	val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_GVSEL_PAN_VOL_CTRL_EC));
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "GVSel: %i\n", val >> 31);
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "Pan: 0x%x\n", (val >> 24) & 0x7f);
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "Vol: 0x%x\n", (val >> 16) & 0xff);
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "CTRL: 0x%x\n", (val >> 12) & 0x0f);
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "EC: 0x%x\n", val & 0x0fff);
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_DX_CSO_ALPHA_FMS));
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "CSO: 0x%x\n", val >> 16);
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "Alpha: 0x%x\n", (val >> 4) & 0x0fff);
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "FMS: 0x%x\n", val & 0x0f);
+		val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_DX_ESO_DELTA));
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "ESO: 0x%x\n", val >> 16);
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "Delta: 0x%x\n", val & 0xffff);
+		val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_DX_FMC_RVOL_CVOL));
+	} else {		// TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX
+		val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_NX_DELTA_CSO));
+		tmp = (val >> 24) & 0xff;
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "CSO: 0x%x\n", val & 0x00ffffff);
+		val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_NX_DELTA_ESO));
+		tmp |= (val >> 16) & 0xff00;
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "Delta: 0x%x\n", tmp);
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "ESO: 0x%x\n", val & 0x00ffffff);
+		val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_NX_ALPHA_FMS_FMC_RVOL_CVOL));
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "Alpha: 0x%x\n", val >> 20);
+		dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "FMS: 0x%x\n", (val >> 16) & 0x0f);
+	}
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "FMC: 0x%x\n", (val >> 14) & 3);
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "RVol: 0x%x\n", (val >> 7) & 0x7f);
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "CVol: 0x%x\n", val & 0x7f);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   unsigned short snd_trident_codec_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg)
+  
+   Description: This routine will do all of the reading from the external
+                CODEC (AC97).
+  
+   Parameters:  ac97 - ac97 codec structure
+                reg - CODEC register index, from AC97 Hal.
+ 
+   returns:     16 bit value read from the AC97.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static unsigned short snd_trident_codec_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg)
+{
+	unsigned int data = 0, treg;
+	unsigned short count = 0xffff;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct snd_trident *trident = ac97->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&trident->reg_lock, flags);
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX) {
+		data = (DX_AC97_BUSY_READ | (reg & 0x000000ff));
+		outl(data, TRID_REG(trident, DX_ACR1_AC97_R));
+		do {
+			data = inl(TRID_REG(trident, DX_ACR1_AC97_R));
+			if ((data & DX_AC97_BUSY_READ) == 0)
+				break;
+		} while (--count);
+	} else if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		data = (NX_AC97_BUSY_READ | (reg & 0x000000ff));
+		treg = ac97->num == 0 ? NX_ACR2_AC97_R_PRIMARY : NX_ACR3_AC97_R_SECONDARY;
+		outl(data, TRID_REG(trident, treg));
+		do {
+			data = inl(TRID_REG(trident, treg));
+			if ((data & 0x00000C00) == 0)
+				break;
+		} while (--count);
+	} else if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		data = SI_AC97_BUSY_READ | SI_AC97_AUDIO_BUSY | (reg & 0x000000ff);
+		if (ac97->num == 1)
+			data |= SI_AC97_SECONDARY;
+		outl(data, TRID_REG(trident, SI_AC97_READ));
+		do {
+			data = inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_AC97_READ));
+			if ((data & (SI_AC97_BUSY_READ)) == 0)
+				break;
+		} while (--count);
+	}
+
+	if (count == 0 && !trident->ac97_detect) {
+		dev_err(trident->card->dev,
+			"ac97 codec read TIMEOUT [0x%x/0x%x]!!!\n",
+			   reg, data);
+		data = 0;
+	}
+
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->reg_lock, flags);
+	return ((unsigned short) (data >> 16));
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   void snd_trident_codec_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg,
+   unsigned short wdata)
+  
+   Description: This routine will do all of the writing to the external
+                CODEC (AC97).
+  
+   Parameters:	ac97 - ac97 codec structure
+   	        reg - CODEC register index, from AC97 Hal.
+                data  - Lower 16 bits are the data to write to CODEC.
+  
+   returns:     TRUE if everything went ok, else FALSE.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static void snd_trident_codec_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg,
+				    unsigned short wdata)
+{
+	unsigned int address, data;
+	unsigned short count = 0xffff;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct snd_trident *trident = ac97->private_data;
+
+	data = ((unsigned long) wdata) << 16;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&trident->reg_lock, flags);
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX) {
+		address = DX_ACR0_AC97_W;
+
+		/* read AC-97 write register status */
+		do {
+			if ((inw(TRID_REG(trident, address)) & DX_AC97_BUSY_WRITE) == 0)
+				break;
+		} while (--count);
+
+		data |= (DX_AC97_BUSY_WRITE | (reg & 0x000000ff));
+	} else if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		address = NX_ACR1_AC97_W;
+
+		/* read AC-97 write register status */
+		do {
+			if ((inw(TRID_REG(trident, address)) & NX_AC97_BUSY_WRITE) == 0)
+				break;
+		} while (--count);
+
+		data |= (NX_AC97_BUSY_WRITE | (ac97->num << 8) | (reg & 0x000000ff));
+	} else if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		address = SI_AC97_WRITE;
+
+		/* read AC-97 write register status */
+		do {
+			if ((inw(TRID_REG(trident, address)) & (SI_AC97_BUSY_WRITE)) == 0)
+				break;
+		} while (--count);
+
+		data |= SI_AC97_BUSY_WRITE | SI_AC97_AUDIO_BUSY | (reg & 0x000000ff);
+		if (ac97->num == 1)
+			data |= SI_AC97_SECONDARY;
+	} else {
+		address = 0;	/* keep GCC happy */
+		count = 0;	/* return */
+	}
+
+	if (count == 0) {
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->reg_lock, flags);
+		return;
+	}
+	outl(data, TRID_REG(trident, address));
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   void snd_trident_enable_eso(struct snd_trident *trident)
+  
+   Description: This routine will enable end of loop interrupts.
+                End of loop interrupts will occur when a running
+                channel reaches ESO.
+                Also enables middle of loop interrupts.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_enable_eso(struct snd_trident * trident)
+{
+	unsigned int val;
+
+	val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	val |= ENDLP_IE;
+	val |= MIDLP_IE;
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018)
+		val |= BANK_B_EN;
+	outl(val, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   void snd_trident_disable_eso(struct snd_trident *trident)
+  
+   Description: This routine will disable end of loop interrupts.
+                End of loop interrupts will occur when a running
+                channel reaches ESO.
+                Also disables middle of loop interrupts.
+  
+   Parameters:  
+                trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+  
+   returns:     TRUE if everything went ok, else FALSE.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_disable_eso(struct snd_trident * trident)
+{
+	unsigned int tmp;
+
+	tmp = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	tmp &= ~ENDLP_IE;
+	tmp &= ~MIDLP_IE;
+	outl(tmp, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   void snd_trident_start_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, unsigned int voice)
+
+    Description: Start a voice, any channel 0 thru 63.
+                 This routine automatically handles the fact that there are
+                 more than 32 channels available.
+
+    Parameters : voice - Voice number 0 thru n.
+                 trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+
+    Return Value: None.
+
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+void snd_trident_start_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, unsigned int voice)
+{
+	unsigned int mask = 1 << (voice & 0x1f);
+	unsigned int reg = (voice & 0x20) ? T4D_START_B : T4D_START_A;
+
+	outl(mask, TRID_REG(trident, reg));
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_trident_start_voice);
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   void snd_trident_stop_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, unsigned int voice)
+
+    Description: Stop a voice, any channel 0 thru 63.
+                 This routine automatically handles the fact that there are
+                 more than 32 channels available.
+
+    Parameters : voice - Voice number 0 thru n.
+                 trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+
+    Return Value: None.
+
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+void snd_trident_stop_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, unsigned int voice)
+{
+	unsigned int mask = 1 << (voice & 0x1f);
+	unsigned int reg = (voice & 0x20) ? T4D_STOP_B : T4D_STOP_A;
+
+	outl(mask, TRID_REG(trident, reg));
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_trident_stop_voice);
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    int snd_trident_allocate_pcm_channel(struct snd_trident *trident)
+  
+    Description: Allocate hardware channel in Bank B (32-63).
+  
+    Parameters :  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+  
+    Return Value: hardware channel - 32-63 or -1 when no channel is available
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_allocate_pcm_channel(struct snd_trident * trident)
+{
+	int idx;
+
+	if (trident->ChanPCMcnt >= trident->ChanPCM)
+		return -1;
+	for (idx = 31; idx >= 0; idx--) {
+		if (!(trident->ChanMap[T4D_BANK_B] & (1 << idx))) {
+			trident->ChanMap[T4D_BANK_B] |= 1 << idx;
+			trident->ChanPCMcnt++;
+			return idx + 32;
+		}
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    void snd_trident_free_pcm_channel(int channel)
+  
+    Description: Free hardware channel in Bank B (32-63)
+  
+    Parameters :  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+	          channel - hardware channel number 0-63
+  
+    Return Value: none
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_free_pcm_channel(struct snd_trident *trident, int channel)
+{
+	if (channel < 32 || channel > 63)
+		return;
+	channel &= 0x1f;
+	if (trident->ChanMap[T4D_BANK_B] & (1 << channel)) {
+		trident->ChanMap[T4D_BANK_B] &= ~(1 << channel);
+		trident->ChanPCMcnt--;
+	}
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    unsigned int snd_trident_allocate_synth_channel(void)
+  
+    Description: Allocate hardware channel in Bank A (0-31).
+  
+    Parameters :  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+  
+    Return Value: hardware channel - 0-31 or -1 when no channel is available
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_allocate_synth_channel(struct snd_trident * trident)
+{
+	int idx;
+
+	for (idx = 31; idx >= 0; idx--) {
+		if (!(trident->ChanMap[T4D_BANK_A] & (1 << idx))) {
+			trident->ChanMap[T4D_BANK_A] |= 1 << idx;
+			trident->synth.ChanSynthCount++;
+			return idx;
+		}
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    void snd_trident_free_synth_channel( int channel )
+  
+    Description: Free hardware channel in Bank B (0-31).
+  
+    Parameters :  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+	          channel - hardware channel number 0-63
+  
+    Return Value: none
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_free_synth_channel(struct snd_trident *trident, int channel)
+{
+	if (channel < 0 || channel > 31)
+		return;
+	channel &= 0x1f;
+	if (trident->ChanMap[T4D_BANK_A] & (1 << channel)) {
+		trident->ChanMap[T4D_BANK_A] &= ~(1 << channel);
+		trident->synth.ChanSynthCount--;
+	}
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_write_voice_regs
+  
+   Description: This routine will complete and write the 5 hardware channel
+                registers to hardware.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                voice - synthesizer voice structure
+                Each register field.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+void snd_trident_write_voice_regs(struct snd_trident * trident,
+				  struct snd_trident_voice * voice)
+{
+	unsigned int FmcRvolCvol;
+	unsigned int regs[5];
+
+	regs[1] = voice->LBA;
+	regs[4] = (voice->GVSel << 31) |
+		  ((voice->Pan & 0x0000007f) << 24) |
+		  ((voice->CTRL & 0x0000000f) << 12);
+	FmcRvolCvol = ((voice->FMC & 3) << 14) |
+	              ((voice->RVol & 0x7f) << 7) |
+	              (voice->CVol & 0x7f);
+
+	switch (trident->device) {
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018:
+		regs[4] |= voice->number > 31 ?
+				(voice->Vol & 0x000003ff) :
+				((voice->Vol & 0x00003fc) << (16-2)) |
+				(voice->EC & 0x00000fff);
+		regs[0] = (voice->CSO << 16) | ((voice->Alpha & 0x00000fff) << 4) |
+			(voice->FMS & 0x0000000f);
+		regs[2] = (voice->ESO << 16) | (voice->Delta & 0x0ffff);
+		regs[3] = (voice->Attribute << 16) | FmcRvolCvol;
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX:
+		regs[4] |= ((voice->Vol & 0x000003fc) << (16-2)) |
+			   (voice->EC & 0x00000fff);
+		regs[0] = (voice->CSO << 16) | ((voice->Alpha & 0x00000fff) << 4) |
+			(voice->FMS & 0x0000000f);
+		regs[2] = (voice->ESO << 16) | (voice->Delta & 0x0ffff);
+		regs[3] = FmcRvolCvol;
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX:
+		regs[4] |= ((voice->Vol & 0x000003fc) << (16-2)) |
+			   (voice->EC & 0x00000fff);
+		regs[0] = (voice->Delta << 24) | (voice->CSO & 0x00ffffff);
+		regs[2] = ((voice->Delta << 16) & 0xff000000) |
+			(voice->ESO & 0x00ffffff);
+		regs[3] = (voice->Alpha << 20) |
+			((voice->FMS & 0x0000000f) << 16) | FmcRvolCvol;
+		break;
+	default:
+		snd_BUG();
+		return;
+	}
+
+	outb(voice->number, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	outl(regs[0], TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 0));
+	outl(regs[1], TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 4));
+	outl(regs[2], TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 8));
+	outl(regs[3], TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 12));
+	outl(regs[4], TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 16));
+
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "written %i channel:\n", voice->number);
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "  regs[0] = 0x%x/0x%x\n",
+	       regs[0], inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 0)));
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "  regs[1] = 0x%x/0x%x\n",
+	       regs[1], inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 4)));
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "  regs[2] = 0x%x/0x%x\n",
+	       regs[2], inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 8)));
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "  regs[3] = 0x%x/0x%x\n",
+	       regs[3], inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 12)));
+	dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "  regs[4] = 0x%x/0x%x\n",
+	       regs[4], inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_START + 16)));
+#endif
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_trident_write_voice_regs);
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_write_cso_reg
+  
+   Description: This routine will write the new CSO offset
+                register to hardware.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                voice - synthesizer voice structure
+                CSO - new CSO value
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_write_cso_reg(struct snd_trident * trident,
+				      struct snd_trident_voice * voice,
+				      unsigned int CSO)
+{
+	voice->CSO = CSO;
+	outb(voice->number, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		outw(voice->CSO, TRID_REG(trident, CH_DX_CSO_ALPHA_FMS) + 2);
+	} else {
+		outl((voice->Delta << 24) |
+		     (voice->CSO & 0x00ffffff), TRID_REG(trident, CH_NX_DELTA_CSO));
+	}
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_write_eso_reg
+  
+   Description: This routine will write the new ESO offset
+                register to hardware.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                voice - synthesizer voice structure
+                ESO - new ESO value
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_write_eso_reg(struct snd_trident * trident,
+				      struct snd_trident_voice * voice,
+				      unsigned int ESO)
+{
+	voice->ESO = ESO;
+	outb(voice->number, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		outw(voice->ESO, TRID_REG(trident, CH_DX_ESO_DELTA) + 2);
+	} else {
+		outl(((voice->Delta << 16) & 0xff000000) | (voice->ESO & 0x00ffffff),
+		     TRID_REG(trident, CH_NX_DELTA_ESO));
+	}
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_write_vol_reg
+  
+   Description: This routine will write the new voice volume
+                register to hardware.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                voice - synthesizer voice structure
+                Vol - new voice volume
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_write_vol_reg(struct snd_trident * trident,
+				      struct snd_trident_voice * voice,
+				      unsigned int Vol)
+{
+	voice->Vol = Vol;
+	outb(voice->number, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	switch (trident->device) {
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX:
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX:
+		outb(voice->Vol >> 2, TRID_REG(trident, CH_GVSEL_PAN_VOL_CTRL_EC + 2));
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018:
+		/* dev_dbg(trident->card->dev, "voice->Vol = 0x%x\n", voice->Vol); */
+		outw((voice->CTRL << 12) | voice->Vol,
+		     TRID_REG(trident, CH_GVSEL_PAN_VOL_CTRL_EC));
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_write_pan_reg
+  
+   Description: This routine will write the new voice pan
+                register to hardware.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                voice - synthesizer voice structure
+                Pan - new pan value
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_write_pan_reg(struct snd_trident * trident,
+				      struct snd_trident_voice * voice,
+				      unsigned int Pan)
+{
+	voice->Pan = Pan;
+	outb(voice->number, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	outb(((voice->GVSel & 0x01) << 7) | (voice->Pan & 0x7f),
+	     TRID_REG(trident, CH_GVSEL_PAN_VOL_CTRL_EC + 3));
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_write_rvol_reg
+  
+   Description: This routine will write the new reverb volume
+                register to hardware.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                voice - synthesizer voice structure
+                RVol - new reverb volume
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_write_rvol_reg(struct snd_trident * trident,
+				       struct snd_trident_voice * voice,
+				       unsigned int RVol)
+{
+	voice->RVol = RVol;
+	outb(voice->number, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	outw(((voice->FMC & 0x0003) << 14) | ((voice->RVol & 0x007f) << 7) |
+	     (voice->CVol & 0x007f),
+	     TRID_REG(trident, trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX ?
+		      CH_NX_ALPHA_FMS_FMC_RVOL_CVOL : CH_DX_FMC_RVOL_CVOL));
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_write_cvol_reg
+  
+   Description: This routine will write the new chorus volume
+                register to hardware.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                voice - synthesizer voice structure
+                CVol - new chorus volume
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static void snd_trident_write_cvol_reg(struct snd_trident * trident,
+				       struct snd_trident_voice * voice,
+				       unsigned int CVol)
+{
+	voice->CVol = CVol;
+	outb(voice->number, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	outw(((voice->FMC & 0x0003) << 14) | ((voice->RVol & 0x007f) << 7) |
+	     (voice->CVol & 0x007f),
+	     TRID_REG(trident, trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX ?
+		      CH_NX_ALPHA_FMS_FMC_RVOL_CVOL : CH_DX_FMC_RVOL_CVOL));
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_convert_rate
+
+   Description: This routine converts rate in HZ to hardware delta value.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                rate - Real or Virtual channel number.
+  
+   Returns:     Delta value.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static unsigned int snd_trident_convert_rate(unsigned int rate)
+{
+	unsigned int delta;
+
+	// We special case 44100 and 8000 since rounding with the equation
+	// does not give us an accurate enough value. For 11025 and 22050
+	// the equation gives us the best answer. All other frequencies will
+	// also use the equation. JDW
+	if (rate == 44100)
+		delta = 0xeb3;
+	else if (rate == 8000)
+		delta = 0x2ab;
+	else if (rate == 48000)
+		delta = 0x1000;
+	else
+		delta = (((rate << 12) + 24000) / 48000) & 0x0000ffff;
+	return delta;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_convert_adc_rate
+
+   Description: This routine converts rate in HZ to hardware delta value.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                rate - Real or Virtual channel number.
+  
+   Returns:     Delta value.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static unsigned int snd_trident_convert_adc_rate(unsigned int rate)
+{
+	unsigned int delta;
+
+	// We special case 44100 and 8000 since rounding with the equation
+	// does not give us an accurate enough value. For 11025 and 22050
+	// the equation gives us the best answer. All other frequencies will
+	// also use the equation. JDW
+	if (rate == 44100)
+		delta = 0x116a;
+	else if (rate == 8000)
+		delta = 0x6000;
+	else if (rate == 48000)
+		delta = 0x1000;
+	else
+		delta = ((48000 << 12) / rate) & 0x0000ffff;
+	return delta;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_spurious_threshold
+
+   Description: This routine converts rate in HZ to spurious threshold.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                rate - Real or Virtual channel number.
+  
+   Returns:     Delta value.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static unsigned int snd_trident_spurious_threshold(unsigned int rate,
+						   unsigned int period_size)
+{
+	unsigned int res = (rate * period_size) / 48000;
+	if (res < 64)
+		res = res / 2;
+	else
+		res -= 32;
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_control_mode
+
+   Description: This routine returns a control mode for a PCM channel.
+  
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+                substream  - PCM substream
+  
+   Returns:     Control value.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static unsigned int snd_trident_control_mode(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	unsigned int CTRL;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	/* set ctrl mode
+	   CTRL default: 8-bit (unsigned) mono, loop mode enabled
+	 */
+	CTRL = 0x00000001;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16)
+		CTRL |= 0x00000008;	// 16-bit data
+	if (snd_pcm_format_signed(runtime->format))
+		CTRL |= 0x00000002;	// signed data
+	if (runtime->channels > 1)
+		CTRL |= 0x00000004;	// stereo data
+	return CTRL;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  PCM part
+ */
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_ioctl
+  
+   Description: Device I/O control handler for playback/capture parameters.
+  
+   Parameters:   substream  - PCM substream class
+                cmd     - what ioctl message to process
+                arg     - additional message infoarg     
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_ioctl(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			     unsigned int cmd,
+			     void *arg)
+{
+	/* FIXME: it seems that with small periods the behaviour of
+	          trident hardware is unpredictable and interrupt generator
+	          is broken */
+	return snd_pcm_lib_ioctl(substream, cmd, arg);
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_allocate_pcm_mem
+  
+   Description: Allocate PCM ring buffer for given substream
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+		hw_params  - hardware parameters
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_allocate_pcm_mem(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (trident->tlb.entries) {
+		if (err > 0) { /* change */
+			if (voice->memblk)
+				snd_trident_free_pages(trident, voice->memblk);
+			voice->memblk = snd_trident_alloc_pages(trident, substream);
+			if (voice->memblk == NULL)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_allocate_evoice
+  
+   Description: Allocate extra voice as interrupt generator
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+		hw_params  - hardware parameters
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_allocate_evoice(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				       struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *evoice = voice->extra;
+
+	/* voice management */
+
+	if (params_buffer_size(hw_params) / 2 != params_period_size(hw_params)) {
+		if (evoice == NULL) {
+			evoice = snd_trident_alloc_voice(trident, SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+			if (evoice == NULL)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			voice->extra = evoice;
+			evoice->substream = substream;
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (evoice != NULL) {
+			snd_trident_free_voice(trident, evoice);
+			voice->extra = evoice = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_hw_params
+  
+   Description: Set the hardware parameters for the playback device.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+		hw_params  - hardware parameters
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				 struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_trident_allocate_pcm_mem(substream, hw_params);
+	if (err >= 0)
+		err = snd_trident_allocate_evoice(substream, hw_params);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_playback_hw_free
+  
+   Description: Release the hardware resources for the playback device.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *evoice = voice ? voice->extra : NULL;
+
+	if (trident->tlb.entries) {
+		if (voice && voice->memblk) {
+			snd_trident_free_pages(trident, voice->memblk);
+			voice->memblk = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
+	if (evoice != NULL) {
+		snd_trident_free_voice(trident, evoice);
+		voice->extra = NULL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_playback_prepare
+  
+   Description: Prepare playback device for playback.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *evoice = voice->extra;
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[substream->number];
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);	
+
+	/* set delta (rate) value */
+	voice->Delta = snd_trident_convert_rate(runtime->rate);
+	voice->spurious_threshold = snd_trident_spurious_threshold(runtime->rate, runtime->period_size);
+
+	/* set Loop Begin Address */
+	if (voice->memblk)
+		voice->LBA = voice->memblk->offset;
+	else
+		voice->LBA = runtime->dma_addr;
+ 
+	voice->CSO = 0;
+	voice->ESO = runtime->buffer_size - 1;	/* in samples */
+	voice->CTRL = snd_trident_control_mode(substream);
+	voice->FMC = 3;
+	voice->GVSel = 1;
+	voice->EC = 0;
+	voice->Alpha = 0;
+	voice->FMS = 0;
+	voice->Vol = mix->vol;
+	voice->RVol = mix->rvol;
+	voice->CVol = mix->cvol;
+	voice->Pan = mix->pan;
+	voice->Attribute = 0;
+#if 0
+	voice->Attribute = (1<<(30-16))|(2<<(26-16))|
+			   (0<<(24-16))|(0x1f<<(19-16));
+#else
+	voice->Attribute = 0;
+#endif
+
+	snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, voice);
+
+	if (evoice != NULL) {
+		evoice->Delta = voice->Delta;
+		evoice->spurious_threshold = voice->spurious_threshold;
+		evoice->LBA = voice->LBA;
+		evoice->CSO = 0;
+		evoice->ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) + 4 - 1; /* in samples */
+		evoice->CTRL = voice->CTRL;
+		evoice->FMC = 3;
+		evoice->GVSel = trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 ? 0 : 1;
+		evoice->EC = 0;
+		evoice->Alpha = 0;
+		evoice->FMS = 0;
+		evoice->Vol = 0x3ff;			/* mute */
+		evoice->RVol = evoice->CVol = 0x7f;	/* mute */
+		evoice->Pan = 0x7f;			/* mute */
+#if 0
+		evoice->Attribute = (1<<(30-16))|(2<<(26-16))|
+				    (0<<(24-16))|(0x1f<<(19-16));
+#else
+		evoice->Attribute = 0;
+#endif
+		snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, evoice);
+		evoice->isync2 = 1;
+		evoice->isync_mark = runtime->period_size;
+		evoice->ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) - 1;
+	}
+
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_capture_hw_params
+  
+   Description: Set the hardware parameters for the capture device.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+		hw_params  - hardware parameters
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					 struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	return snd_trident_allocate_pcm_mem(substream, hw_params);
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_capture_prepare
+  
+   Description: Prepare capture device for playback.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int val, ESO_bytes;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	// Initialize the channel and set channel Mode
+	outb(0, TRID_REG(trident, LEGACY_DMAR15));
+
+	// Set DMA channel operation mode register
+	outb(0x54, TRID_REG(trident, LEGACY_DMAR11));
+
+	// Set channel buffer Address, DMAR0 expects contiguous PCI memory area	
+	voice->LBA = runtime->dma_addr;
+	outl(voice->LBA, TRID_REG(trident, LEGACY_DMAR0));
+	if (voice->memblk)
+		voice->LBA = voice->memblk->offset;
+
+	// set ESO
+	ESO_bytes = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream) - 1;
+	outb((ESO_bytes & 0x00ff0000) >> 16, TRID_REG(trident, LEGACY_DMAR6));
+	outw((ESO_bytes & 0x0000ffff), TRID_REG(trident, LEGACY_DMAR4));
+	ESO_bytes++;
+
+	// Set channel sample rate, 4.12 format
+	val = (((unsigned int) 48000L << 12) + (runtime->rate/2)) / runtime->rate;
+	outw(val, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_SBDELTA_DELTA_R));
+
+	// Set channel interrupt blk length
+	if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16) {
+		val = (unsigned short) ((ESO_bytes >> 1) - 1);
+	} else {
+		val = (unsigned short) (ESO_bytes - 1);
+	}
+
+	outl((val << 16) | val, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_SBBL_SBCL));
+
+	// Right now, set format and start to run captureing, 
+	// continuous run loop enable.
+	trident->bDMAStart = 0x19;	// 0001 1001b
+
+	if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16)
+		trident->bDMAStart |= 0x80;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_signed(runtime->format))
+		trident->bDMAStart |= 0x20;
+	if (runtime->channels > 1)
+		trident->bDMAStart |= 0x40;
+
+	// Prepare capture intr channel
+
+	voice->Delta = snd_trident_convert_rate(runtime->rate);
+	voice->spurious_threshold = snd_trident_spurious_threshold(runtime->rate, runtime->period_size);
+	voice->isync = 1;
+	voice->isync_mark = runtime->period_size;
+	voice->isync_max = runtime->buffer_size;
+
+	// Set voice parameters
+	voice->CSO = 0;
+	voice->ESO = voice->isync_ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) + 6 - 1;
+	voice->CTRL = snd_trident_control_mode(substream);
+	voice->FMC = 3;
+	voice->RVol = 0x7f;
+	voice->CVol = 0x7f;
+	voice->GVSel = 1;
+	voice->Pan = 0x7f;		/* mute */
+	voice->Vol = 0x3ff;		/* mute */
+	voice->EC = 0;
+	voice->Alpha = 0;
+	voice->FMS = 0;
+	voice->Attribute = 0;
+
+	snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, voice);
+
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_si7018_capture_hw_params
+  
+   Description: Set the hardware parameters for the capture device.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+		hw_params  - hardware parameters
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_si7018_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+						struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params))) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return snd_trident_allocate_evoice(substream, hw_params);
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_si7018_capture_hw_free
+  
+   Description: Release the hardware resources for the capture device.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_si7018_capture_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *evoice = voice ? voice->extra : NULL;
+
+	snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
+	if (evoice != NULL) {
+		snd_trident_free_voice(trident, evoice);
+		voice->extra = NULL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_si7018_capture_prepare
+  
+   Description: Prepare capture device for playback.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_si7018_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *evoice = voice->extra;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	voice->LBA = runtime->dma_addr;
+	voice->Delta = snd_trident_convert_adc_rate(runtime->rate);
+	voice->spurious_threshold = snd_trident_spurious_threshold(runtime->rate, runtime->period_size);
+
+	// Set voice parameters
+	voice->CSO = 0;
+	voice->ESO = runtime->buffer_size - 1;		/* in samples */
+	voice->CTRL = snd_trident_control_mode(substream);
+	voice->FMC = 0;
+	voice->RVol = 0;
+	voice->CVol = 0;
+	voice->GVSel = 1;
+	voice->Pan = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_PAN;
+	voice->Vol = 0;
+	voice->EC = 0;
+	voice->Alpha = 0;
+	voice->FMS = 0;
+
+	voice->Attribute = (2 << (30-16)) |
+			   (2 << (26-16)) |
+			   (2 << (24-16)) |
+			   (1 << (23-16));
+
+	snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, voice);
+
+	if (evoice != NULL) {
+		evoice->Delta = snd_trident_convert_rate(runtime->rate);
+		evoice->spurious_threshold = voice->spurious_threshold;
+		evoice->LBA = voice->LBA;
+		evoice->CSO = 0;
+		evoice->ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) + 20 - 1; /* in samples, 20 means correction */
+		evoice->CTRL = voice->CTRL;
+		evoice->FMC = 3;
+		evoice->GVSel = 0;
+		evoice->EC = 0;
+		evoice->Alpha = 0;
+		evoice->FMS = 0;
+		evoice->Vol = 0x3ff;			/* mute */
+		evoice->RVol = evoice->CVol = 0x7f;	/* mute */
+		evoice->Pan = 0x7f;			/* mute */
+		evoice->Attribute = 0;
+		snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, evoice);
+		evoice->isync2 = 1;
+		evoice->isync_mark = runtime->period_size;
+		evoice->ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) - 1;
+	}
+	
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_foldback_prepare
+  
+   Description: Prepare foldback capture device for playback.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_foldback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *evoice = voice->extra;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	/* Set channel buffer Address */
+	if (voice->memblk)
+		voice->LBA = voice->memblk->offset;
+	else
+		voice->LBA = runtime->dma_addr;
+
+	/* set target ESO for channel */
+	voice->ESO = runtime->buffer_size - 1;	/* in samples */
+
+	/* set sample rate */
+	voice->Delta = 0x1000;
+	voice->spurious_threshold = snd_trident_spurious_threshold(48000, runtime->period_size);
+
+	voice->CSO = 0;
+	voice->CTRL = snd_trident_control_mode(substream);
+	voice->FMC = 3;
+	voice->RVol = 0x7f;
+	voice->CVol = 0x7f;
+	voice->GVSel = 1;
+	voice->Pan = 0x7f;	/* mute */
+	voice->Vol = 0x3ff;	/* mute */
+	voice->EC = 0;
+	voice->Alpha = 0;
+	voice->FMS = 0;
+	voice->Attribute = 0;
+
+	/* set up capture channel */
+	outb(((voice->number & 0x3f) | 0x80), TRID_REG(trident, T4D_RCI + voice->foldback_chan));
+
+	snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, voice);
+
+	if (evoice != NULL) {
+		evoice->Delta = voice->Delta;
+		evoice->spurious_threshold = voice->spurious_threshold;
+		evoice->LBA = voice->LBA;
+		evoice->CSO = 0;
+		evoice->ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) + 4 - 1; /* in samples */
+		evoice->CTRL = voice->CTRL;
+		evoice->FMC = 3;
+		evoice->GVSel = trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 ? 0 : 1;
+		evoice->EC = 0;
+		evoice->Alpha = 0;
+		evoice->FMS = 0;
+		evoice->Vol = 0x3ff;			/* mute */
+		evoice->RVol = evoice->CVol = 0x7f;	/* mute */
+		evoice->Pan = 0x7f;			/* mute */
+		evoice->Attribute = 0;
+		snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, evoice);
+		evoice->isync2 = 1;
+		evoice->isync_mark = runtime->period_size;
+		evoice->ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) - 1;
+	}
+
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_spdif_hw_params
+  
+   Description: Set the hardware parameters for the spdif device.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+		hw_params  - hardware parameters
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				       struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int old_bits = 0, change = 0;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_trident_allocate_pcm_mem(substream, hw_params);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		err = snd_trident_allocate_evoice(substream, hw_params);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* prepare SPDIF channel */
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	old_bits = trident->spdif_pcm_bits;
+	if (old_bits & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL)
+		trident->spdif_pcm_bits &= ~IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS;
+	else
+		trident->spdif_pcm_bits &= ~(IEC958_AES3_CON_FS << 24);
+	if (params_rate(hw_params) >= 48000) {
+		trident->spdif_pcm_ctrl = 0x3c;	// 48000 Hz
+		trident->spdif_pcm_bits |=
+			trident->spdif_bits & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL ?
+				IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_48000 :
+				(IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_48000 << 24);
+	}
+	else if (params_rate(hw_params) >= 44100) {
+		trident->spdif_pcm_ctrl = 0x3e;	// 44100 Hz
+		trident->spdif_pcm_bits |=
+			trident->spdif_bits & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL ?
+				IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_44100 :
+				(IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_44100 << 24);
+	}
+	else {
+		trident->spdif_pcm_ctrl = 0x3d;	// 32000 Hz
+		trident->spdif_pcm_bits |=
+			trident->spdif_bits & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL ?
+				IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_32000 :
+				(IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_32000 << 24);
+	}
+	change = old_bits != trident->spdif_pcm_bits;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	if (change)
+		snd_ctl_notify(trident->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE, &trident->spdif_pcm_ctl->id);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_spdif_prepare
+  
+   Description: Prepare SPDIF device for playback.
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *evoice = voice->extra;
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[substream->number];
+	unsigned int RESO, LBAO;
+	unsigned int temp;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+
+		/* set delta (rate) value */
+		voice->Delta = snd_trident_convert_rate(runtime->rate);
+		voice->spurious_threshold = snd_trident_spurious_threshold(runtime->rate, runtime->period_size);
+
+		/* set Loop Back Address */
+		LBAO = runtime->dma_addr;
+		if (voice->memblk)
+			voice->LBA = voice->memblk->offset;
+		else
+			voice->LBA = LBAO;
+
+		voice->isync = 1;
+		voice->isync3 = 1;
+		voice->isync_mark = runtime->period_size;
+		voice->isync_max = runtime->buffer_size;
+
+		/* set target ESO for channel */
+		RESO = runtime->buffer_size - 1;
+		voice->ESO = voice->isync_ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) + 6 - 1;
+
+		/* set ctrl mode */
+		voice->CTRL = snd_trident_control_mode(substream);
+
+		voice->FMC = 3;
+		voice->RVol = 0x7f;
+		voice->CVol = 0x7f;
+		voice->GVSel = 1;
+		voice->Pan = 0x7f;
+		voice->Vol = 0x3ff;
+		voice->EC = 0;
+		voice->CSO = 0;
+		voice->Alpha = 0;
+		voice->FMS = 0;
+		voice->Attribute = 0;
+
+		/* prepare surrogate IRQ channel */
+		snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, voice);
+
+		outw((RESO & 0xffff), TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPESO));
+		outb((RESO >> 16), TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPESO + 2));
+		outl((LBAO & 0xfffffffc), TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPLBA));
+		outw((voice->CSO & 0xffff), TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO));
+		outb((voice->CSO >> 16), TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 2));
+
+		/* set SPDIF setting */
+		outb(trident->spdif_pcm_ctrl, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 3));
+		outl(trident->spdif_pcm_bits, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCSTATUS));
+
+	} else {	/* SiS */
+	
+		/* set delta (rate) value */
+		voice->Delta = 0x800;
+		voice->spurious_threshold = snd_trident_spurious_threshold(48000, runtime->period_size);
+
+		/* set Loop Begin Address */
+		if (voice->memblk)
+			voice->LBA = voice->memblk->offset;
+		else
+			voice->LBA = runtime->dma_addr;
+
+		voice->CSO = 0;
+		voice->ESO = runtime->buffer_size - 1;	/* in samples */
+		voice->CTRL = snd_trident_control_mode(substream);
+		voice->FMC = 3;
+		voice->GVSel = 1;
+		voice->EC = 0;
+		voice->Alpha = 0;
+		voice->FMS = 0;
+		voice->Vol = mix->vol;
+		voice->RVol = mix->rvol;
+		voice->CVol = mix->cvol;
+		voice->Pan = mix->pan;
+		voice->Attribute = (1<<(30-16))|(7<<(26-16))|
+				   (0<<(24-16))|(0<<(19-16));
+
+		snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, voice);
+
+		if (evoice != NULL) {
+			evoice->Delta = voice->Delta;
+			evoice->spurious_threshold = voice->spurious_threshold;
+			evoice->LBA = voice->LBA;
+			evoice->CSO = 0;
+			evoice->ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) + 4 - 1; /* in samples */
+			evoice->CTRL = voice->CTRL;
+			evoice->FMC = 3;
+			evoice->GVSel = trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 ? 0 : 1;
+			evoice->EC = 0;
+			evoice->Alpha = 0;
+			evoice->FMS = 0;
+			evoice->Vol = 0x3ff;			/* mute */
+			evoice->RVol = evoice->CVol = 0x7f;	/* mute */
+			evoice->Pan = 0x7f;			/* mute */
+			evoice->Attribute = 0;
+			snd_trident_write_voice_regs(trident, evoice);
+			evoice->isync2 = 1;
+			evoice->isync_mark = runtime->period_size;
+			evoice->ESO = (runtime->period_size * 2) - 1;
+		}
+
+		outl(trident->spdif_pcm_bits, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SPDIF_CS));
+		temp = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+		temp &= ~(1<<19);
+		outl(temp, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+		temp = inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+		temp |= SPDIF_EN;
+		outl(temp, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+	}
+
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_trigger
+  
+   Description: Start/stop devices
+  
+   Parameters:  substream  - PCM substream class
+   		cmd	- trigger command (STOP, GO)
+  
+   Returns:     Error status
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			       int cmd)
+				    
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *s;
+	unsigned int what, whati, capture_flag, spdif_flag;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice, *evoice;
+	unsigned int val, go;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		go = 1;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		go = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	what = whati = capture_flag = spdif_flag = 0;
+	spin_lock(&trident->reg_lock);
+	val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_STIMER)) & 0x00ffffff;
+	snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+		if ((struct snd_trident *) snd_pcm_substream_chip(s) == trident) {
+			voice = s->runtime->private_data;
+			evoice = voice->extra;
+			what |= 1 << (voice->number & 0x1f);
+			if (evoice == NULL) {
+				whati |= 1 << (voice->number & 0x1f);
+			} else {
+				what |= 1 << (evoice->number & 0x1f);
+				whati |= 1 << (evoice->number & 0x1f);
+				if (go)
+					evoice->stimer = val;
+			}
+			if (go) {
+				voice->running = 1;
+				voice->stimer = val;
+			} else {
+				voice->running = 0;
+			}
+			snd_pcm_trigger_done(s, substream);
+			if (voice->capture)
+				capture_flag = 1;
+			if (voice->spdif)
+				spdif_flag = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (spdif_flag) {
+		if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+			outl(trident->spdif_pcm_bits, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCSTATUS));
+			val = trident->spdif_pcm_ctrl;
+			if (!go)
+				val &= ~(0x28);
+			outb(val, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 3));
+		} else {
+			outl(trident->spdif_pcm_bits, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SPDIF_CS));
+			val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL)) | SPDIF_EN;
+			outl(val, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+		}
+	}
+	if (!go)
+		outl(what, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_STOP_B));
+	val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINTEN_B));
+	if (go) {
+		val |= whati;
+	} else {
+		val &= ~whati;
+	}
+	outl(val, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINTEN_B));
+	if (go) {
+		outl(what, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_START_B));
+
+		if (capture_flag && trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018)
+			outb(trident->bDMAStart, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_SBCTRL_SBE2R_SBDD));
+	} else {
+		if (capture_flag && trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018)
+			outb(0x00, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_SBCTRL_SBE2R_SBDD));
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_playback_pointer
+  
+   Description: This routine return the playback position
+                
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+   Returns:     position of buffer
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_trident_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int cso;
+
+	if (!voice->running)
+		return 0;
+
+	spin_lock(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	outb(voice->number, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		cso = inw(TRID_REG(trident, CH_DX_CSO_ALPHA_FMS + 2));
+	} else {		// ID_4DWAVE_NX
+		cso = (unsigned int) inl(TRID_REG(trident, CH_NX_DELTA_CSO)) & 0x00ffffff;
+	}
+
+	spin_unlock(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	if (cso >= runtime->buffer_size)
+		cso = 0;
+
+	return cso;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_capture_pointer
+  
+   Description: This routine return the capture position
+                
+   Parameters:   pcm1    - PCM device class
+
+   Returns:     position of buffer
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_trident_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int result;
+
+	if (!voice->running)
+		return 0;
+
+	result = inw(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_SBBL_SBCL));
+	if (runtime->channels > 1)
+		result >>= 1;
+	if (result > 0)
+		result = runtime->buffer_size - result;
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_spdif_pointer
+  
+   Description: This routine return the SPDIF playback position
+                
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+   Returns:     position of buffer
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_trident_spdif_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int result;
+
+	if (!voice->running)
+		return 0;
+
+	result = inl(TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO)) & 0x00ffffff;
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Playback support device description
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_trident_playback =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE /* | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME */),
+	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(256*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(256*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+/*
+ *  Capture support device description
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_trident_capture =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE /* | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME */),
+	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+/*
+ *  Foldback capture support device description
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_trident_foldback =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE /* | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME */),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
+	.rate_min =		48000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		2,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+/*
+ *  SPDIF playback support device description
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_trident_spdif =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE /* | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME */),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_32000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100 |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000),
+	.rate_min =		32000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		2,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_trident_spdif_7018 =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE /* | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME */),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
+	.rate_min =		48000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		2,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static void snd_trident_pcm_free_substream(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_trident *trident;
+
+	if (voice) {
+		trident = voice->trident;
+		snd_trident_free_voice(trident, voice);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice;
+
+	voice = snd_trident_alloc_voice(trident, SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+	if (voice == NULL)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	snd_trident_pcm_mixer_build(trident, voice, substream);
+	voice->substream = substream;
+	runtime->private_data = voice;
+	runtime->private_free = snd_trident_pcm_free_substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_trident_playback;
+	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 0, 64*1024);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_playback_close
+  
+   Description: This routine will close the 4DWave playback device. For now 
+                we will simply free the dma transfer buffer.
+                
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static int snd_trident_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice = runtime->private_data;
+
+	snd_trident_pcm_mixer_free(trident, voice, substream);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_spdif_open
+  
+   Description: This routine will open the 4DWave SPDIF device.
+
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+   Returns:     status  - success or failure flag
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	
+	voice = snd_trident_alloc_voice(trident, SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+	if (voice == NULL)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	voice->spdif = 1;
+	voice->substream = substream;
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	trident->spdif_pcm_bits = trident->spdif_bits;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+
+	runtime->private_data = voice;
+	runtime->private_free = snd_trident_pcm_free_substream;
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		runtime->hw = snd_trident_spdif;
+	} else {
+		runtime->hw = snd_trident_spdif_7018;
+	}
+
+	trident->spdif_pcm_ctl->vd[0].access &= ~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
+	snd_ctl_notify(trident->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE |
+		       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, &trident->spdif_pcm_ctl->id);
+
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 0, 64*1024);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_spdif_close
+  
+   Description: This routine will close the 4DWave SPDIF device.
+                
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int temp;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	// restore default SPDIF setting
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		outb(trident->spdif_ctrl, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 3));
+		outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCSTATUS));
+	} else {
+		outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SPDIF_CS));
+		temp = inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+		if (trident->spdif_ctrl) {
+			temp |= SPDIF_EN;
+		} else {
+			temp &= ~SPDIF_EN;
+		}
+		outl(temp, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	trident->spdif_pcm_ctl->vd[0].access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
+	snd_ctl_notify(trident->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE |
+		       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, &trident->spdif_pcm_ctl->id);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_capture_open
+  
+   Description: This routine will open the 4DWave capture device.
+
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+   Returns:     status  - success or failure flag
+
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	voice = snd_trident_alloc_voice(trident, SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+	if (voice == NULL)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	voice->capture = 1;
+	voice->substream = substream;
+	runtime->private_data = voice;
+	runtime->private_free = snd_trident_pcm_free_substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_trident_capture;
+	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 0, 64*1024);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_capture_close
+  
+   Description: This routine will close the 4DWave capture device. For now 
+                we will simply free the dma transfer buffer.
+                
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static int snd_trident_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_foldback_open
+  
+   Description: This routine will open the 4DWave foldback capture device.
+
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+   Returns:     status  - success or failure flag
+
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_foldback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	voice = snd_trident_alloc_voice(trident, SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+	if (voice == NULL)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	voice->foldback_chan = substream->number;
+	voice->substream = substream;
+	runtime->private_data = voice;
+	runtime->private_free = snd_trident_pcm_free_substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_trident_foldback;
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 0, 64*1024);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_foldback_close
+  
+   Description: This routine will close the 4DWave foldback capture device. 
+		For now we will simply free the dma transfer buffer.
+                
+   Parameters:	substream  - PCM substream class
+
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static int snd_trident_foldback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	voice = runtime->private_data;
+	
+	/* stop capture channel */
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	outb(0x00, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_RCI + voice->foldback_chan));
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   PCM operations
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_trident_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_trident_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_trident_playback_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_trident_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_trident_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_trident_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_trident_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_trident_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_trident_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_trident_nx_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_trident_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_trident_playback_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_trident_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_trident_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_trident_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_trident_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_trident_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_trident_playback_pointer,
+	.page =		snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_trident_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_trident_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_trident_capture_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_trident_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_trident_capture_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_trident_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_trident_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_trident_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_trident_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_trident_si7018_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_trident_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_trident_capture_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_trident_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_trident_si7018_capture_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_trident_si7018_capture_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_trident_si7018_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_trident_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_trident_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_trident_foldback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_trident_foldback_open,
+	.close =	snd_trident_foldback_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_trident_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_trident_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_trident_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_trident_foldback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_trident_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_trident_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_trident_nx_foldback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_trident_foldback_open,
+	.close =	snd_trident_foldback_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_trident_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_trident_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_trident_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_trident_foldback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_trident_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_trident_playback_pointer,
+	.page =		snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_trident_spdif_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_trident_spdif_open,
+	.close =	snd_trident_spdif_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_trident_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_trident_spdif_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_trident_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_trident_spdif_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_trident_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_trident_spdif_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_trident_spdif_7018_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_trident_spdif_open,
+	.close =	snd_trident_spdif_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_trident_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_trident_spdif_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_trident_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_trident_spdif_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_trident_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_trident_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_pcm
+  
+   Description: This routine registers the 4DWave device for PCM support.
+                
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+
+   Returns:     None
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+int snd_trident_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx", device, trident->ChanPCM, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	pcm->private_data = trident;
+
+	if (trident->tlb.entries) {
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_trident_nx_playback_ops);
+	} else {
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_trident_playback_ops);
+	}
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE,
+			trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 ?
+			&snd_trident_capture_ops :
+			&snd_trident_si7018_capture_ops);
+
+	pcm->info_flags = 0;
+	pcm->dev_subclass = SNDRV_PCM_SUBCLASS_GENERIC_MIX;
+	strcpy(pcm->name, "Trident 4DWave");
+	trident->pcm = pcm;
+
+	if (trident->tlb.entries) {
+		struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+		for (substream = pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].substream; substream; substream = substream->next)
+			snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages(substream, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG,
+						      snd_dma_pci_data(trident->pci),
+						      64*1024, 128*1024);
+		snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages(pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].substream,
+					      SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(trident->pci),
+					      64*1024, 128*1024);
+	} else {
+		snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+						      snd_dma_pci_data(trident->pci), 64*1024, 128*1024);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_foldback_pcm
+  
+   Description: This routine registers the 4DWave device for foldback PCM support.
+                
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+
+   Returns:     None
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+int snd_trident_foldback_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *foldback;
+	int err;
+	int num_chan = 3;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX)
+		num_chan = 4;
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx", device, 0, num_chan, &foldback)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	foldback->private_data = trident;
+	if (trident->tlb.entries)
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(foldback, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_trident_nx_foldback_ops);
+	else
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(foldback, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_trident_foldback_ops);
+	foldback->info_flags = 0;
+	strcpy(foldback->name, "Trident 4DWave");
+	substream = foldback->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].substream;
+	strcpy(substream->name, "Front Mixer");
+	substream = substream->next;
+	strcpy(substream->name, "Reverb Mixer");
+	substream = substream->next;
+	strcpy(substream->name, "Chorus Mixer");
+	if (num_chan == 4) {
+		substream = substream->next;
+		strcpy(substream->name, "Second AC'97 ADC");
+	}
+	trident->foldback = foldback;
+
+	if (trident->tlb.entries)
+		snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(foldback, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG,
+						      snd_dma_pci_data(trident->pci), 0, 128*1024);
+	else
+		snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(foldback, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+						      snd_dma_pci_data(trident->pci), 64*1024, 128*1024);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_spdif
+  
+   Description: This routine registers the 4DWave-NX device for SPDIF support.
+                
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave-NX.
+
+   Returns:     None
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+int snd_trident_spdif_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *spdif;
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx IEC958", device, 1, 0, &spdif)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	spdif->private_data = trident;
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(spdif, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_trident_spdif_ops);
+	} else {
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(spdif, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_trident_spdif_7018_ops);
+	}
+	spdif->info_flags = 0;
+	strcpy(spdif->name, "Trident 4DWave IEC958");
+	trident->spdif = spdif;
+
+	snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(spdif, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(trident->pci), 64*1024, 128*1024);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Mixer part
+ */
+
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_spdif_control
+
+    Description: enable/disable S/PDIF out from ac97 mixer
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define snd_trident_spdif_control_info	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char val;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	val = trident->spdif_ctrl;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = val == kcontrol->private_value;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char val;
+	int change;
+
+	val = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] ? (unsigned char) kcontrol->private_value : 0x00;
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	/* S/PDIF C Channel bits 0-31 : 48khz, SCMS disabled */
+	change = trident->spdif_ctrl != val;
+	trident->spdif_ctrl = val;
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		if ((inb(TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 3)) & 0x10) == 0) {
+			outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCSTATUS));
+			outb(trident->spdif_ctrl, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 3));
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (trident->spdif == NULL) {
+			unsigned int temp;
+			outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SPDIF_CS));
+			temp = inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL)) & ~SPDIF_EN;
+			if (val)
+				temp |= SPDIF_EN;
+			outl(temp, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_spdif_control =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name =         SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,SWITCH),
+	.info =		snd_trident_spdif_control_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_spdif_control_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_spdif_control_put,
+	.private_value = 0x28,
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_spdif_default
+
+    Description: put/get the S/PDIF default settings
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_default_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					  struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_IEC958;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_default_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = (trident->spdif_bits >> 0) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] = (trident->spdif_bits >> 8) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] = (trident->spdif_bits >> 16) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] = (trident->spdif_bits >> 24) & 0xff;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_default_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int val;
+	int change;
+
+	val = (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] << 0) |
+	      (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] << 8) |
+	      (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] << 16) |
+	      (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] << 24);
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	change = trident->spdif_bits != val;
+	trident->spdif_bits = val;
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		if ((inb(TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 3)) & 0x10) == 0)
+			outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCSTATUS));
+	} else {
+		if (trident->spdif == NULL)
+			outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SPDIF_CS));
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_spdif_default =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.name =         SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,DEFAULT),
+	.info =		snd_trident_spdif_default_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_spdif_default_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_spdif_default_put
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_spdif_mask
+
+    Description: put/get the S/PDIF mask
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_mask_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_IEC958;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_mask_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] = 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] = 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] = 0xff;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_spdif_mask =
+{
+	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.name =         SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,MASK),
+	.info =		snd_trident_spdif_mask_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_spdif_mask_get,
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_spdif_stream
+
+    Description: put/get the S/PDIF stream settings
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_stream_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					 struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_IEC958;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_stream_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = (trident->spdif_pcm_bits >> 0) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] = (trident->spdif_pcm_bits >> 8) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] = (trident->spdif_pcm_bits >> 16) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] = (trident->spdif_pcm_bits >> 24) & 0xff;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_spdif_stream_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int val;
+	int change;
+
+	val = (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] << 0) |
+	      (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] << 8) |
+	      (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] << 16) |
+	      (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] << 24);
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	change = trident->spdif_pcm_bits != val;
+	trident->spdif_pcm_bits = val;
+	if (trident->spdif != NULL) {
+		if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+			outl(trident->spdif_pcm_bits, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCSTATUS));
+		} else {
+			outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SPDIF_CS));
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_spdif_stream =
+{
+	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.name =         SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,PCM_STREAM),
+	.info =		snd_trident_spdif_stream_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_spdif_stream_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_spdif_stream_put
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_ac97_control
+
+    Description: enable/disable rear path for ac97
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define snd_trident_ac97_control_info	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_trident_ac97_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char val;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	val = trident->ac97_ctrl = inl(TRID_REG(trident, NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (val & (1 << kcontrol->private_value)) ? 1 : 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_ac97_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char val;
+	int change = 0;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	val = trident->ac97_ctrl = inl(TRID_REG(trident, NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	val &= ~(1 << kcontrol->private_value);
+	if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0])
+		val |= 1 << kcontrol->private_value;
+	change = val != trident->ac97_ctrl;
+	trident->ac97_ctrl = val;
+	outl(trident->ac97_ctrl = val, TRID_REG(trident, NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_ac97_rear_control =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name =         "Rear Path",
+	.info =		snd_trident_ac97_control_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_ac97_control_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_ac97_control_put,
+	.private_value = 4,
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_vol_control
+
+    Description: wave & music volume control
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_vol_control_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 255;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_vol_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int val;
+
+	val = trident->musicvol_wavevol;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = 255 - ((val >> kcontrol->private_value) & 0xff);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = 255 - ((val >> (kcontrol->private_value + 8)) & 0xff);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_gvol, -6375, 25, 0);
+
+static int snd_trident_vol_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int val;
+	int change = 0;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	val = trident->musicvol_wavevol;
+	val &= ~(0xffff << kcontrol->private_value);
+	val |= ((255 - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0xff)) |
+	        ((255 - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & 0xff)) << 8)) << kcontrol->private_value;
+	change = val != trident->musicvol_wavevol;
+	outl(trident->musicvol_wavevol = val, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MUSICVOL_WAVEVOL));
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_vol_music_control =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name =         "Music Playback Volume",
+	.info =		snd_trident_vol_control_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_vol_control_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_vol_control_put,
+	.private_value = 16,
+	.tlv = { .p = db_scale_gvol },
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_vol_wave_control =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name =         "Wave Playback Volume",
+	.info =		snd_trident_vol_control_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_vol_control_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_vol_control_put,
+	.private_value = 0,
+	.tlv = { .p = db_scale_gvol },
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_pcm_vol_control
+
+    Description: PCM front volume control
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_vol_control_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 255;
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018)
+		uinfo->value.integer.max = 1023;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_vol_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[snd_ctl_get_ioffnum(kcontrol, &ucontrol->id)];
+
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = 1023 - mix->vol;
+	} else {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = 255 - (mix->vol>>2);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_vol_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[snd_ctl_get_ioffnum(kcontrol, &ucontrol->id)];
+	unsigned int val;
+	int change = 0;
+
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		val = 1023 - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 1023);
+	} else {
+		val = (255 - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 255)) << 2;
+	}
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	change = val != mix->vol;
+	mix->vol = val;
+	if (mix->voice != NULL)
+		snd_trident_write_vol_reg(trident, mix->voice, val);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_pcm_vol_control =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name =         "PCM Front Playback Volume",
+	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
+	.count =	32,
+	.info =		snd_trident_pcm_vol_control_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_pcm_vol_control_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_pcm_vol_control_put,
+	/* FIXME: no tlv yet */
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_pcm_pan_control
+
+    Description: PCM front pan control
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_pan_control_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 127;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_pan_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[snd_ctl_get_ioffnum(kcontrol, &ucontrol->id)];
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mix->pan;
+	if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x40) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (0x3f - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x3f));
+	} else {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] |= 0x40;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_pan_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[snd_ctl_get_ioffnum(kcontrol, &ucontrol->id)];
+	unsigned char val;
+	int change = 0;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x40)
+		val = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x3f;
+	else
+		val = (0x3f - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x3f)) | 0x40;
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	change = val != mix->pan;
+	mix->pan = val;
+	if (mix->voice != NULL)
+		snd_trident_write_pan_reg(trident, mix->voice, val);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_pcm_pan_control =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name =         "PCM Pan Playback Control",
+	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
+	.count =	32,
+	.info =		snd_trident_pcm_pan_control_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_pcm_pan_control_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_pcm_pan_control_put,
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control
+
+    Description: PCM reverb volume control
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 127;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[snd_ctl_get_ioffnum(kcontrol, &ucontrol->id)];
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = 127 - mix->rvol;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[snd_ctl_get_ioffnum(kcontrol, &ucontrol->id)];
+	unsigned short val;
+	int change = 0;
+
+	val = 0x7f - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x7f);
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	change = val != mix->rvol;
+	mix->rvol = val;
+	if (mix->voice != NULL)
+		snd_trident_write_rvol_reg(trident, mix->voice, val);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_crvol, -3175, 25, 1);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name =         "PCM Reverb Playback Volume",
+	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
+	.count = 	32,
+	.info =		snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control_put,
+	.tlv = { .p = db_scale_crvol },
+};
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control
+
+    Description: PCM chorus volume control
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 127;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[snd_ctl_get_ioffnum(kcontrol, &ucontrol->id)];
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = 127 - mix->cvol;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *mix = &trident->pcm_mixer[snd_ctl_get_ioffnum(kcontrol, &ucontrol->id)];
+	unsigned short val;
+	int change = 0;
+
+	val = 0x7f - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x7f);
+	spin_lock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	change = val != mix->cvol;
+	mix->cvol = val;
+	if (mix->voice != NULL)
+		snd_trident_write_cvol_reg(trident, mix->voice, val);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&trident->reg_lock);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control =
+{
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name =         "PCM Chorus Playback Volume",
+	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
+	.count =	32,
+	.info =		snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control_info,
+	.get =		snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control_get,
+	.put =		snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control_put,
+	.tlv = { .p = db_scale_crvol },
+};
+
+static void snd_trident_notify_pcm_change1(struct snd_card *card,
+					   struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+					   int num, int activate)
+{
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
+
+	if (! kctl)
+		return;
+	if (activate)
+		kctl->vd[num].access &= ~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
+	else
+		kctl->vd[num].access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
+	snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE |
+		       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
+		       snd_ctl_build_ioff(&id, kctl, num));
+}
+
+static void snd_trident_notify_pcm_change(struct snd_trident *trident,
+					  struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *tmix,
+					  int num, int activate)
+{
+	snd_trident_notify_pcm_change1(trident->card, trident->ctl_vol, num, activate);
+	snd_trident_notify_pcm_change1(trident->card, trident->ctl_pan, num, activate);
+	snd_trident_notify_pcm_change1(trident->card, trident->ctl_rvol, num, activate);
+	snd_trident_notify_pcm_change1(trident->card, trident->ctl_cvol, num, activate);
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_mixer_build(struct snd_trident *trident,
+				       struct snd_trident_voice *voice,
+				       struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *tmix;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!trident || !voice || !substream))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	tmix = &trident->pcm_mixer[substream->number];
+	tmix->voice = voice;
+	tmix->vol = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_VOL;
+	tmix->pan = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_PAN;
+	tmix->rvol = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_RVOL;
+	tmix->cvol = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_CVOL;
+	snd_trident_notify_pcm_change(trident, tmix, substream->number, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_pcm_mixer_free(struct snd_trident *trident, struct snd_trident_voice *voice, struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *tmix;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!trident || !substream))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	tmix = &trident->pcm_mixer[substream->number];
+	tmix->voice = NULL;
+	snd_trident_notify_pcm_change(trident, tmix, substream->number, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_mixer
+  
+   Description: This routine registers the 4DWave device for mixer support.
+                
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+
+   Returns:     None
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97_template _ac97;
+	struct snd_card *card = trident->card;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_value *uctl;
+	int idx, err, retries = 2;
+	static struct snd_ac97_bus_ops ops = {
+		.write = snd_trident_codec_write,
+		.read = snd_trident_codec_read,
+	};
+
+	uctl = kzalloc(sizeof(*uctl), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!uctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(trident->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &trident->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+		goto __out;
+
+	memset(&_ac97, 0, sizeof(_ac97));
+	_ac97.private_data = trident;
+	trident->ac97_detect = 1;
+
+      __again:
+	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(trident->ac97_bus, &_ac97, &trident->ac97)) < 0) {
+		if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+			if ((err = snd_trident_sis_reset(trident)) < 0)
+				goto __out;
+			if (retries-- > 0)
+				goto __again;
+			err = -EIO;
+		}
+		goto __out;
+	}
+	
+	/* secondary codec? */
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 &&
+	    (inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL)) & SI_AC97_PRIMARY_READY) != 0) {
+		_ac97.num = 1;
+		err = snd_ac97_mixer(trident->ac97_bus, &_ac97, &trident->ac97_sec);
+		if (err < 0)
+			dev_err(trident->card->dev,
+				"SI7018: the secondary codec - invalid access\n");
+#if 0	// only for my testing purpose --jk
+		{
+			struct snd_ac97 *mc97;
+			err = snd_ac97_modem(trident->card, &_ac97, &mc97);
+			if (err < 0)
+				dev_err(trident->card->dev,
+					"snd_ac97_modem returned error %i\n", err);
+		}
+#endif
+	}
+	
+	trident->ac97_detect = 0;
+
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_vol_wave_control, trident))) < 0)
+			goto __out;
+		kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_vol_music_control, trident))) < 0)
+			goto __out;
+		kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
+		outl(trident->musicvol_wavevol = 0x00000000, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MUSICVOL_WAVEVOL));
+	} else {
+		outl(trident->musicvol_wavevol = 0xffff0000, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MUSICVOL_WAVEVOL));
+	}
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < 32; idx++) {
+		struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *tmix;
+		
+		tmix = &trident->pcm_mixer[idx];
+		tmix->voice = NULL;
+	}
+	if ((trident->ctl_vol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_vol_control, trident)) == NULL)
+		goto __nomem;
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_vol)))
+		goto __out;
+		
+	if ((trident->ctl_pan = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_pan_control, trident)) == NULL)
+		goto __nomem;
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_pan)))
+		goto __out;
+
+	if ((trident->ctl_rvol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control, trident)) == NULL)
+		goto __nomem;
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_rvol)))
+		goto __out;
+
+	if ((trident->ctl_cvol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control, trident)) == NULL)
+		goto __nomem;
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_cvol)))
+		goto __out;
+
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_ac97_rear_control, trident))) < 0)
+			goto __out;
+		kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
+	}
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX || trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_spdif_control, trident);
+		if (kctl == NULL) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto __out;
+		}
+		if (trident->ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF)
+			kctl->id.index++;
+		if (trident->ac97_sec && (trident->ac97_sec->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF))
+			kctl->id.index++;
+		idx = kctl->id.index;
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+			goto __out;
+		kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
+
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_spdif_default, trident);
+		if (kctl == NULL) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto __out;
+		}
+		kctl->id.index = idx;
+		kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+			goto __out;
+
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_spdif_mask, trident);
+		if (kctl == NULL) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto __out;
+		}
+		kctl->id.index = idx;
+		kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+			goto __out;
+
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_spdif_stream, trident);
+		if (kctl == NULL) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto __out;
+		}
+		kctl->id.index = idx;
+		kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+			goto __out;
+		trident->spdif_pcm_ctl = kctl;
+	}
+
+	err = 0;
+	goto __out;
+
+ __nomem:
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+
+ __out:
+	kfree(uctl);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * gameport interface
+ */
+
+#if IS_REACHABLE(CONFIG_GAMEPORT)
+
+static unsigned char snd_trident_gameport_read(struct gameport *gameport)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *chip = gameport_get_port_data(gameport);
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return 0;
+	return inb(TRID_REG(chip, GAMEPORT_LEGACY));
+}
+
+static void snd_trident_gameport_trigger(struct gameport *gameport)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *chip = gameport_get_port_data(gameport);
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return;
+	outb(0xff, TRID_REG(chip, GAMEPORT_LEGACY));
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_gameport_cooked_read(struct gameport *gameport, int *axes, int *buttons)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *chip = gameport_get_port_data(gameport);
+	int i;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return 0;
+
+	*buttons = (~inb(TRID_REG(chip, GAMEPORT_LEGACY)) >> 4) & 0xf;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		axes[i] = inw(TRID_REG(chip, GAMEPORT_AXES + i * 2));
+		if (axes[i] == 0xffff) axes[i] = -1;
+	}
+        
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_gameport_open(struct gameport *gameport, int mode)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *chip = gameport_get_port_data(gameport);
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (mode) {
+		case GAMEPORT_MODE_COOKED:
+			outb(GAMEPORT_MODE_ADC, TRID_REG(chip, GAMEPORT_GCR));
+			msleep(20);
+			return 0;
+		case GAMEPORT_MODE_RAW:
+			outb(0, TRID_REG(chip, GAMEPORT_GCR));
+			return 0;
+		default:
+			return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+int snd_trident_create_gameport(struct snd_trident *chip)
+{
+	struct gameport *gp;
+
+	chip->gameport = gp = gameport_allocate_port();
+	if (!gp) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"cannot allocate memory for gameport\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	gameport_set_name(gp, "Trident 4DWave");
+	gameport_set_phys(gp, "pci%s/gameport0", pci_name(chip->pci));
+	gameport_set_dev_parent(gp, &chip->pci->dev);
+
+	gameport_set_port_data(gp, chip);
+	gp->fuzz = 64;
+	gp->read = snd_trident_gameport_read;
+	gp->trigger = snd_trident_gameport_trigger;
+	gp->cooked_read = snd_trident_gameport_cooked_read;
+	gp->open = snd_trident_gameport_open;
+
+	gameport_register_port(gp);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline void snd_trident_free_gameport(struct snd_trident *chip)
+{
+	if (chip->gameport) {
+		gameport_unregister_port(chip->gameport);
+		chip->gameport = NULL;
+	}
+}
+#else
+int snd_trident_create_gameport(struct snd_trident *chip) { return -ENOSYS; }
+static inline void snd_trident_free_gameport(struct snd_trident *chip) { }
+#endif /* CONFIG_GAMEPORT */
+
+/*
+ * delay for 1 tick
+ */
+static inline void do_delay(struct snd_trident *chip)
+{
+	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  SiS reset routine
+ */
+
+static int snd_trident_sis_reset(struct snd_trident *trident)
+{
+	unsigned long end_time;
+	unsigned int i;
+	int r;
+
+	r = trident->in_suspend ? 0 : 2;	/* count of retries */
+      __si7018_retry:
+	pci_write_config_byte(trident->pci, 0x46, 0x04);	/* SOFTWARE RESET */
+	udelay(100);
+	pci_write_config_byte(trident->pci, 0x46, 0x00);
+	udelay(100);
+	/* disable AC97 GPIO interrupt */
+	outb(0x00, TRID_REG(trident, SI_AC97_GPIO));
+	/* initialize serial interface, force cold reset */
+	i = PCMOUT|SURROUT|CENTEROUT|LFEOUT|SECONDARY_ID|COLD_RESET;
+	outl(i, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+	udelay(1000);
+	/* remove cold reset */
+	i &= ~COLD_RESET;
+	outl(i, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+	udelay(2000);
+	/* wait, until the codec is ready */
+	end_time = (jiffies + (HZ * 3) / 4) + 1;
+	do {
+		if ((inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL)) & SI_AC97_PRIMARY_READY) != 0)
+			goto __si7018_ok;
+		do_delay(trident);
+	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+	dev_err(trident->card->dev, "AC'97 codec ready error [0x%x]\n",
+		inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL)));
+	if (r-- > 0) {
+		end_time = jiffies + HZ;
+		do {
+			do_delay(trident);
+		} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+		goto __si7018_retry;
+	}
+      __si7018_ok:
+	/* wait for the second codec */
+	do {
+		if ((inl(TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL)) & SI_AC97_SECONDARY_READY) != 0)
+			break;
+		do_delay(trident);
+	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+	/* enable 64 channel mode */
+	outl(BANK_B_EN, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_LFO_GC_CIR));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*  
+ *  /proc interface
+ */
+
+static void snd_trident_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, 
+				  struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = entry->private_data;
+	char *s;
+
+	switch (trident->device) {
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018:
+		s = "SiS 7018 Audio";
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX:
+		s = "Trident 4DWave PCI DX";
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX:
+		s = "Trident 4DWave PCI NX";
+		break;
+	default:
+		s = "???";
+	}
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s\n\n", s);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Spurious IRQs    : %d\n", trident->spurious_irq_count);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Spurious IRQ dlta: %d\n", trident->spurious_irq_max_delta);
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX || trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018)
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "IEC958 Mixer Out : %s\n", trident->spdif_ctrl == 0x28 ? "on" : "off");
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Rear Speakers    : %s\n", trident->ac97_ctrl & 0x00000010 ? "on" : "off");
+		if (trident->tlb.entries) {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer,"\nVirtual Memory\n");
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "Memory Maximum : %d\n", trident->tlb.memhdr->size);
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "Memory Used    : %d\n", trident->tlb.memhdr->used);
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "Memory Free    : %d\n", snd_util_mem_avail(trident->tlb.memhdr));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_trident_proc_init(struct snd_trident *trident)
+{
+	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
+	const char *s = "trident";
+	
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018)
+		s = "sis7018";
+	if (! snd_card_proc_new(trident->card, s, &entry))
+		snd_info_set_text_ops(entry, trident, snd_trident_proc_read);
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = device->device_data;
+	return snd_trident_free(trident);
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_tlb_alloc
+  
+   Description: Allocate and set up the TLB page table on 4D NX.
+		Each entry has 4 bytes (physical PCI address).
+                
+   Parameters:  trident - pointer to target device class for 4DWave.
+
+   Returns:     0 or negative error code
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_tlb_alloc(struct snd_trident *trident)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* TLB array must be aligned to 16kB !!! so we allocate
+	   32kB region and correct offset when necessary */
+
+	if (snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(trident->pci),
+				2 * SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES * 4, &trident->tlb.buffer) < 0) {
+		dev_err(trident->card->dev, "unable to allocate TLB buffer\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	trident->tlb.entries = (__le32 *)ALIGN((unsigned long)trident->tlb.buffer.area, SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES * 4);
+	trident->tlb.entries_dmaaddr = ALIGN(trident->tlb.buffer.addr, SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES * 4);
+	/* allocate shadow TLB page table (virtual addresses) */
+	trident->tlb.shadow_entries =
+		vmalloc(array_size(SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES,
+				   sizeof(unsigned long)));
+	if (!trident->tlb.shadow_entries)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/* allocate and setup silent page and initialise TLB entries */
+	if (snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(trident->pci),
+				SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE, &trident->tlb.silent_page) < 0) {
+		dev_err(trident->card->dev, "unable to allocate silent page\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	memset(trident->tlb.silent_page.area, 0, SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE);
+	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES; i++) {
+		trident->tlb.entries[i] = cpu_to_le32(trident->tlb.silent_page.addr & ~(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE-1));
+		trident->tlb.shadow_entries[i] = (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area;
+	}
+
+	/* use emu memory block manager code to manage tlb page allocation */
+	trident->tlb.memhdr = snd_util_memhdr_new(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE * SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES);
+	if (trident->tlb.memhdr == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	trident->tlb.memhdr->block_extra_size = sizeof(struct snd_trident_memblk_arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * initialize 4D DX chip
+ */
+
+static void snd_trident_stop_all_voices(struct snd_trident *trident)
+{
+	outl(0xffffffff, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_STOP_A));
+	outl(0xffffffff, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_STOP_B));
+	outl(0, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINTEN_A));
+	outl(0, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINTEN_B));
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_4d_dx_init(struct snd_trident *trident)
+{
+	struct pci_dev *pci = trident->pci;
+	unsigned long end_time;
+
+	/* reset the legacy configuration and whole audio/wavetable block */
+	pci_write_config_dword(pci, 0x40, 0);	/* DDMA */
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x44, 0);	/* ports */
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x45, 0);	/* Legacy DMA */
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x46, 4); /* reset */
+	udelay(100);
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x46, 0); /* release reset */
+	udelay(100);
+	
+	/* warm reset of the AC'97 codec */
+	outl(0x00000001, TRID_REG(trident, DX_ACR2_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	udelay(100);
+	outl(0x00000000, TRID_REG(trident, DX_ACR2_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	/* DAC on, disable SB IRQ and try to force ADC valid signal */
+	trident->ac97_ctrl = 0x0000004a;
+	outl(trident->ac97_ctrl, TRID_REG(trident, DX_ACR2_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	/* wait, until the codec is ready */
+	end_time = (jiffies + (HZ * 3) / 4) + 1;
+	do {
+		if ((inl(TRID_REG(trident, DX_ACR2_AC97_COM_STAT)) & 0x0010) != 0)
+			goto __dx_ok;
+		do_delay(trident);
+	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+	dev_err(trident->card->dev, "AC'97 codec ready error\n");
+	return -EIO;
+
+ __dx_ok:
+	snd_trident_stop_all_voices(trident);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * initialize 4D NX chip
+ */
+static int snd_trident_4d_nx_init(struct snd_trident *trident)
+{
+	struct pci_dev *pci = trident->pci;
+	unsigned long end_time;
+
+	/* reset the legacy configuration and whole audio/wavetable block */
+	pci_write_config_dword(pci, 0x40, 0);	/* DDMA */
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x44, 0);	/* ports */
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x45, 0);	/* Legacy DMA */
+
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x46, 1); /* reset */
+	udelay(100);
+	pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x46, 0); /* release reset */
+	udelay(100);
+
+	/* warm reset of the AC'97 codec */
+	outl(0x00000001, TRID_REG(trident, NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	udelay(100);
+	outl(0x00000000, TRID_REG(trident, NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	/* wait, until the codec is ready */
+	end_time = (jiffies + (HZ * 3) / 4) + 1;
+	do {
+		if ((inl(TRID_REG(trident, NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT)) & 0x0008) != 0)
+			goto __nx_ok;
+		do_delay(trident);
+	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+	dev_err(trident->card->dev, "AC'97 codec ready error [0x%x]\n",
+		inl(TRID_REG(trident, NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT)));
+	return -EIO;
+
+ __nx_ok:
+	/* DAC on */
+	trident->ac97_ctrl = 0x00000002;
+	outl(trident->ac97_ctrl, TRID_REG(trident, NX_ACR0_AC97_COM_STAT));
+	/* disable SB IRQ */
+	outl(NX_SB_IRQ_DISABLE, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MISCINT));
+
+	snd_trident_stop_all_voices(trident);
+
+	if (trident->tlb.entries != NULL) {
+		unsigned int i;
+		/* enable virtual addressing via TLB */
+		i = trident->tlb.entries_dmaaddr;
+		i |= 0x00000001;
+		outl(i, TRID_REG(trident, NX_TLBC));
+	} else {
+		outl(0, TRID_REG(trident, NX_TLBC));
+	}
+	/* initialize S/PDIF */
+	outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCSTATUS));
+	outb(trident->spdif_ctrl, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 3));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * initialize sis7018 chip
+ */
+static int snd_trident_sis_init(struct snd_trident *trident)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_trident_sis_reset(trident)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_trident_stop_all_voices(trident);
+
+	/* initialize S/PDIF */
+	outl(trident->spdif_bits, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SPDIF_CS));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_create
+  
+   Description: This routine will create the device specific class for
+                the 4DWave card. It will also perform basic initialization.
+                
+   Parameters:  card  - which card to create
+                pci   - interface to PCI bus resource info
+                dma1ptr - playback dma buffer
+                dma2ptr - capture dma buffer
+                irqptr  -  interrupt resource info
+
+   Returns:     4DWave device class private data
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+int snd_trident_create(struct snd_card *card,
+		       struct pci_dev *pci,
+		       int pcm_streams,
+		       int pcm_spdif_device,
+		       int max_wavetable_size,
+		       struct snd_trident ** rtrident)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident;
+	int i, err;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice;
+	struct snd_trident_pcm_mixer *tmix;
+	static struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free =	snd_trident_dev_free,
+	};
+
+	*rtrident = NULL;
+
+	/* enable PCI device */
+	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 30 bits */
+	if (dma_set_mask(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(30)) < 0 ||
+	    dma_set_coherent_mask(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(30)) < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev,
+			"architecture does not support 30bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+	
+	trident = kzalloc(sizeof(*trident), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (trident == NULL) {
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	trident->device = (pci->vendor << 16) | pci->device;
+	trident->card = card;
+	trident->pci = pci;
+	spin_lock_init(&trident->reg_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&trident->event_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&trident->voice_alloc);
+	if (pcm_streams < 1)
+		pcm_streams = 1;
+	if (pcm_streams > 32)
+		pcm_streams = 32;
+	trident->ChanPCM = pcm_streams;
+	if (max_wavetable_size < 0 )
+		max_wavetable_size = 0;
+	trident->synth.max_size = max_wavetable_size * 1024;
+	trident->irq = -1;
+
+	trident->midi_port = TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MPU401_BASE);
+	pci_set_master(pci);
+
+	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "Trident Audio")) < 0) {
+		kfree(trident);
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return err;
+	}
+	trident->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
+
+	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_trident_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED,
+			KBUILD_MODNAME, trident)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_trident_free(trident);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	trident->irq = pci->irq;
+
+	/* allocate 16k-aligned TLB for NX cards */
+	trident->tlb.entries = NULL;
+	trident->tlb.buffer.area = NULL;
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
+		if ((err = snd_trident_tlb_alloc(trident)) < 0) {
+			snd_trident_free(trident);
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	trident->spdif_bits = trident->spdif_pcm_bits = SNDRV_PCM_DEFAULT_CON_SPDIF;
+
+	/* initialize chip */
+	switch (trident->device) {
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX:
+		err = snd_trident_4d_dx_init(trident);
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX:
+		err = snd_trident_4d_nx_init(trident);
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018:
+		err = snd_trident_sis_init(trident);
+		break;
+	default:
+		snd_BUG();
+		break;
+	}
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_trident_free(trident);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, trident, &ops)) < 0) {
+		snd_trident_free(trident);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if ((err = snd_trident_mixer(trident, pcm_spdif_device)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	
+	/* initialise synth voices */
+	for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+		voice = &trident->synth.voices[i];
+		voice->number = i;
+		voice->trident = trident;
+	}
+	/* initialize pcm mixer entries */
+	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+		tmix = &trident->pcm_mixer[i];
+		tmix->vol = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_VOL;
+		tmix->pan = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_PAN;
+		tmix->rvol = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_RVOL;
+		tmix->cvol = T4D_DEFAULT_PCM_CVOL;
+	}
+
+	snd_trident_enable_eso(trident);
+
+	snd_trident_proc_init(trident);
+	*rtrident = trident;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_free
+  
+   Description: This routine will free the device specific class for
+                the 4DWave card. 
+                
+   Parameters:  trident  - device specific private data for 4DWave card
+
+   Returns:     None.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int snd_trident_free(struct snd_trident *trident)
+{
+	snd_trident_free_gameport(trident);
+	snd_trident_disable_eso(trident);
+	// Disable S/PDIF out
+	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX)
+		outb(0x00, TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO + 3));
+	else if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		outl(0, TRID_REG(trident, SI_SERIAL_INTF_CTRL));
+	}
+	if (trident->irq >= 0)
+		free_irq(trident->irq, trident);
+	if (trident->tlb.buffer.area) {
+		outl(0, TRID_REG(trident, NX_TLBC));
+		snd_util_memhdr_free(trident->tlb.memhdr);
+		if (trident->tlb.silent_page.area)
+			snd_dma_free_pages(&trident->tlb.silent_page);
+		vfree(trident->tlb.shadow_entries);
+		snd_dma_free_pages(&trident->tlb.buffer);
+	}
+	pci_release_regions(trident->pci);
+	pci_disable_device(trident->pci);
+	kfree(trident);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   snd_trident_interrupt
+  
+   Description: ISR for Trident 4DWave device
+                
+   Parameters:  trident  - device specific private data for 4DWave card
+
+   Problems:    It seems that Trident chips generates interrupts more than
+                one time in special cases. The spurious interrupts are
+                detected via sample timer (T4D_STIMER) and computing
+                corresponding delta value. The limits are detected with
+                the method try & fail so it is possible that it won't
+                work on all computers. [jaroslav]
+
+   Returns:     None.
+  
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_trident_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_trident *trident = dev_id;
+	unsigned int audio_int, chn_int, stimer, channel, mask, tmp;
+	int delta;
+	struct snd_trident_voice *voice;
+
+	audio_int = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MISCINT));
+	if ((audio_int & (ADDRESS_IRQ|MPU401_IRQ)) == 0)
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+	if (audio_int & ADDRESS_IRQ) {
+		// get interrupt status for all channels
+		spin_lock(&trident->reg_lock);
+		stimer = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_STIMER)) & 0x00ffffff;
+		chn_int = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINT_A));
+		if (chn_int == 0)
+			goto __skip1;
+		outl(chn_int, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINT_A));	/* ack */
+	      __skip1:
+		chn_int = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINT_B));
+		if (chn_int == 0)
+			goto __skip2;
+		for (channel = 63; channel >= 32; channel--) {
+			mask = 1 << (channel&0x1f);
+			if ((chn_int & mask) == 0)
+				continue;
+			voice = &trident->synth.voices[channel];
+			if (!voice->pcm || voice->substream == NULL) {
+				outl(mask, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_STOP_B));
+				continue;
+			}
+			delta = (int)stimer - (int)voice->stimer;
+			if (delta < 0)
+				delta = -delta;
+			if ((unsigned int)delta < voice->spurious_threshold) {
+				/* do some statistics here */
+				trident->spurious_irq_count++;
+				if (trident->spurious_irq_max_delta < (unsigned int)delta)
+					trident->spurious_irq_max_delta = delta;
+				continue;
+			}
+			voice->stimer = stimer;
+			if (voice->isync) {
+				if (!voice->isync3) {
+					tmp = inw(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_SBBL_SBCL));
+					if (trident->bDMAStart & 0x40)
+						tmp >>= 1;
+					if (tmp > 0)
+						tmp = voice->isync_max - tmp;
+				} else {
+					tmp = inl(TRID_REG(trident, NX_SPCTRL_SPCSO)) & 0x00ffffff;
+				}
+				if (tmp < voice->isync_mark) {
+					if (tmp > 0x10)
+						tmp = voice->isync_ESO - 7;
+					else
+						tmp = voice->isync_ESO + 2;
+					/* update ESO for IRQ voice to preserve sync */
+					snd_trident_stop_voice(trident, voice->number);
+					snd_trident_write_eso_reg(trident, voice, tmp);
+					snd_trident_start_voice(trident, voice->number);
+				}
+			} else if (voice->isync2) {
+				voice->isync2 = 0;
+				/* write original ESO and update CSO for IRQ voice to preserve sync */
+				snd_trident_stop_voice(trident, voice->number);
+				snd_trident_write_cso_reg(trident, voice, voice->isync_mark);
+				snd_trident_write_eso_reg(trident, voice, voice->ESO);
+				snd_trident_start_voice(trident, voice->number);
+			}
+#if 0
+			if (voice->extra) {
+				/* update CSO for extra voice to preserve sync */
+				snd_trident_stop_voice(trident, voice->extra->number);
+				snd_trident_write_cso_reg(trident, voice->extra, 0);
+				snd_trident_start_voice(trident, voice->extra->number);
+			}
+#endif
+			spin_unlock(&trident->reg_lock);
+			snd_pcm_period_elapsed(voice->substream);
+			spin_lock(&trident->reg_lock);
+		}
+		outl(chn_int, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINT_B));	/* ack */
+	      __skip2:
+		spin_unlock(&trident->reg_lock);
+	}
+	if (audio_int & MPU401_IRQ) {
+		if (trident->rmidi) {
+			snd_mpu401_uart_interrupt(irq, trident->rmidi->private_data);
+		} else {
+			inb(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MPUR0));
+		}
+	}
+	// outl((ST_TARGET_REACHED | MIXER_OVERFLOW | MIXER_UNDERFLOW), TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MISCINT));
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+struct snd_trident_voice *snd_trident_alloc_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, int type, int client, int port)
+{
+	struct snd_trident_voice *pvoice;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int idx;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&trident->voice_alloc, flags);
+	if (type == SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_PCM) {
+		idx = snd_trident_allocate_pcm_channel(trident);
+		if(idx < 0) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->voice_alloc, flags);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		pvoice = &trident->synth.voices[idx];
+		pvoice->use = 1;
+		pvoice->pcm = 1;
+		pvoice->capture = 0;
+		pvoice->spdif = 0;
+		pvoice->memblk = NULL;
+		pvoice->substream = NULL;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->voice_alloc, flags);
+		return pvoice;
+	}
+	if (type == SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_SYNTH) {
+		idx = snd_trident_allocate_synth_channel(trident);
+		if(idx < 0) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->voice_alloc, flags);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		pvoice = &trident->synth.voices[idx];
+		pvoice->use = 1;
+		pvoice->synth = 1;
+		pvoice->client = client;
+		pvoice->port = port;
+		pvoice->memblk = NULL;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->voice_alloc, flags);
+		return pvoice;
+	}
+	if (type == SNDRV_TRIDENT_VOICE_TYPE_MIDI) {
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->voice_alloc, flags);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_trident_alloc_voice);
+
+void snd_trident_free_voice(struct snd_trident * trident, struct snd_trident_voice *voice)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	void (*private_free)(struct snd_trident_voice *);
+
+	if (voice == NULL || !voice->use)
+		return;
+	snd_trident_clear_voices(trident, voice->number, voice->number);
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&trident->voice_alloc, flags);
+	private_free = voice->private_free;
+	voice->private_free = NULL;
+	voice->private_data = NULL;
+	if (voice->pcm)
+		snd_trident_free_pcm_channel(trident, voice->number);
+	if (voice->synth)
+		snd_trident_free_synth_channel(trident, voice->number);
+	voice->use = voice->pcm = voice->synth = voice->midi = 0;
+	voice->capture = voice->spdif = 0;
+	voice->sample_ops = NULL;
+	voice->substream = NULL;
+	voice->extra = NULL;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trident->voice_alloc, flags);
+	if (private_free)
+		private_free(voice);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_trident_free_voice);
+
+static void snd_trident_clear_voices(struct snd_trident * trident, unsigned short v_min, unsigned short v_max)
+{
+	unsigned int i, val, mask[2] = { 0, 0 };
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(v_min > 63 || v_max > 63))
+		return;
+	for (i = v_min; i <= v_max; i++)
+		mask[i >> 5] |= 1 << (i & 0x1f);
+	if (mask[0]) {
+		outl(mask[0], TRID_REG(trident, T4D_STOP_A));
+		val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINTEN_A));
+		outl(val & ~mask[0], TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINTEN_A));
+	}
+	if (mask[1]) {
+		outl(mask[1], TRID_REG(trident, T4D_STOP_B));
+		val = inl(TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINTEN_B));
+		outl(val & ~mask[1], TRID_REG(trident, T4D_AINTEN_B));
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+static int snd_trident_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_trident *trident = card->private_data;
+
+	trident->in_suspend = 1;
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	snd_pcm_suspend_all(trident->pcm);
+	snd_pcm_suspend_all(trident->foldback);
+	snd_pcm_suspend_all(trident->spdif);
+
+	snd_ac97_suspend(trident->ac97);
+	snd_ac97_suspend(trident->ac97_sec);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_trident_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_trident *trident = card->private_data;
+
+	switch (trident->device) {
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX:
+		snd_trident_4d_dx_init(trident);
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX:
+		snd_trident_4d_nx_init(trident);
+		break;
+	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018:
+		snd_trident_sis_init(trident);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	snd_ac97_resume(trident->ac97);
+	snd_ac97_resume(trident->ac97_sec);
+
+	/* restore some registers */
+	outl(trident->musicvol_wavevol, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MUSICVOL_WAVEVOL));
+
+	snd_trident_enable_eso(trident);
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	trident->in_suspend = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(snd_trident_pm, snd_trident_suspend, snd_trident_resume);
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c b/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b9ebb5189
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Copyright (c) by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ *  Copyright (c) by Scott McNab <sdm@fractalgraphics.com.au>
+ *
+ *  Trident 4DWave-NX memory page allocation (TLB area)
+ *  Trident chip can handle only 16MByte of the memory at the same time.
+ *
+ *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include "trident.h"
+
+/* page arguments of these two macros are Trident page (4096 bytes), not like
+ * aligned pages in others
+ */
+#define __set_tlb_bus(trident,page,ptr,addr) \
+	do { (trident)->tlb.entries[page] = cpu_to_le32((addr) & ~(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE-1)); \
+	     (trident)->tlb.shadow_entries[page] = (ptr); } while (0)
+#define __tlb_to_ptr(trident,page) \
+	(void*)((trident)->tlb.shadow_entries[page])
+#define __tlb_to_addr(trident,page) \
+	(dma_addr_t)le32_to_cpu((trident->tlb.entries[page]) & ~(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE - 1))
+
+#if PAGE_SIZE == 4096
+/* page size == SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE */
+#define ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE		PAGE_SIZE	/* minimum page size for allocation */
+#define MAX_ALIGN_PAGES		SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES	/* maxmium aligned pages */
+/* fill TLB entrie(s) corresponding to page with ptr */
+#define set_tlb_bus(trident,page,ptr,addr) __set_tlb_bus(trident,page,ptr,addr)
+/* fill TLB entrie(s) corresponding to page with silence pointer */
+#define set_silent_tlb(trident,page)	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr)
+/* get aligned page from offset address */
+#define get_aligned_page(offset)	((offset) >> 12)
+/* get offset address from aligned page */
+#define aligned_page_offset(page)	((page) << 12)
+/* get buffer address from aligned page */
+#define page_to_ptr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_ptr(trident, page)
+/* get PCI physical address from aligned page */
+#define page_to_addr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_addr(trident, page)
+
+#elif PAGE_SIZE == 8192
+/* page size == SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE x 2*/
+#define ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE		PAGE_SIZE
+#define MAX_ALIGN_PAGES		(SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES / 2)
+#define get_aligned_page(offset)	((offset) >> 13)
+#define aligned_page_offset(page)	((page) << 13)
+#define page_to_ptr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_ptr(trident, (page) << 1)
+#define page_to_addr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_addr(trident, (page) << 1)
+
+/* fill TLB entries -- we need to fill two entries */
+static inline void set_tlb_bus(struct snd_trident *trident, int page,
+			       unsigned long ptr, dma_addr_t addr)
+{
+	page <<= 1;
+	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, ptr, addr);
+	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page+1, ptr + SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE, addr + SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE);
+}
+static inline void set_silent_tlb(struct snd_trident *trident, int page)
+{
+	page <<= 1;
+	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
+	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page+1, (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
+}
+
+#else
+/* arbitrary size */
+#define UNIT_PAGES		(PAGE_SIZE / SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE)
+#define ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE		(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE * UNIT_PAGES)
+#define MAX_ALIGN_PAGES		(SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES / UNIT_PAGES)
+/* Note: if alignment doesn't match to the maximum size, the last few blocks
+ * become unusable.  To use such blocks, you'll need to check the validity
+ * of accessing page in set_tlb_bus and set_silent_tlb.  search_empty()
+ * should also check it, too.
+ */
+#define get_aligned_page(offset)	((offset) / ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE)
+#define aligned_page_offset(page)	((page) * ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE)
+#define page_to_ptr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_ptr(trident, (page) * UNIT_PAGES)
+#define page_to_addr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_addr(trident, (page) * UNIT_PAGES)
+
+/* fill TLB entries -- UNIT_PAGES entries must be filled */
+static inline void set_tlb_bus(struct snd_trident *trident, int page,
+			       unsigned long ptr, dma_addr_t addr)
+{
+	int i;
+	page *= UNIT_PAGES;
+	for (i = 0; i < UNIT_PAGES; i++, page++) {
+		__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, ptr, addr);
+		ptr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE;
+		addr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE;
+	}
+}
+static inline void set_silent_tlb(struct snd_trident *trident, int page)
+{
+	int i;
+	page *= UNIT_PAGES;
+	for (i = 0; i < UNIT_PAGES; i++, page++)
+		__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
+}
+
+#endif /* PAGE_SIZE */
+
+/* calculate buffer pointer from offset address */
+static inline void *offset_ptr(struct snd_trident *trident, int offset)
+{
+	char *ptr;
+	ptr = page_to_ptr(trident, get_aligned_page(offset));
+	ptr += offset % ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE;
+	return (void*)ptr;
+}
+
+/* first and last (aligned) pages of memory block */
+#define firstpg(blk)	(((struct snd_trident_memblk_arg *)snd_util_memblk_argptr(blk))->first_page)
+#define lastpg(blk)	(((struct snd_trident_memblk_arg *)snd_util_memblk_argptr(blk))->last_page)
+
+/*
+ * search empty pages which may contain given size
+ */
+static struct snd_util_memblk *
+search_empty(struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr, int size)
+{
+	struct snd_util_memblk *blk;
+	int page, psize;
+	struct list_head *p;
+
+	psize = get_aligned_page(size + ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE -1);
+	page = 0;
+	list_for_each(p, &hdr->block) {
+		blk = list_entry(p, struct snd_util_memblk, list);
+		if (page + psize <= firstpg(blk))
+			goto __found_pages;
+		page = lastpg(blk) + 1;
+	}
+	if (page + psize > MAX_ALIGN_PAGES)
+		return NULL;
+
+__found_pages:
+	/* create a new memory block */
+	blk = __snd_util_memblk_new(hdr, psize * ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE, p->prev);
+	if (blk == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	blk->offset = aligned_page_offset(page); /* set aligned offset */
+	firstpg(blk) = page;
+	lastpg(blk) = page + psize - 1;
+	return blk;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * check if the given pointer is valid for pages
+ */
+static int is_valid_page(unsigned long ptr)
+{
+	if (ptr & ~0x3fffffffUL) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "max memory size is 1GB!!\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (ptr & (SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE-1)) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "page is not aligned\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * page allocation for DMA (Scatter-Gather version)
+ */
+static struct snd_util_memblk *
+snd_trident_alloc_sg_pages(struct snd_trident *trident,
+			   struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr;
+	struct snd_util_memblk *blk;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int idx, page;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(runtime->dma_bytes <= 0 ||
+		       runtime->dma_bytes > SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES *
+					SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE))
+		return NULL;
+	hdr = trident->tlb.memhdr;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!hdr))
+		return NULL;
+
+	
+
+	mutex_lock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+	blk = search_empty(hdr, runtime->dma_bytes);
+	if (blk == NULL) {
+		mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+			   
+	/* set TLB entries */
+	idx = 0;
+	for (page = firstpg(blk); page <= lastpg(blk); page++, idx++) {
+		unsigned long ofs = idx << PAGE_SHIFT;
+		dma_addr_t addr = snd_pcm_sgbuf_get_addr(substream, ofs);
+		unsigned long ptr = (unsigned long)
+			snd_pcm_sgbuf_get_ptr(substream, ofs);
+		if (! is_valid_page(addr)) {
+			__snd_util_mem_free(hdr, blk);
+			mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		set_tlb_bus(trident, page, ptr, addr);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+	return blk;
+}
+
+/*
+ * page allocation for DMA (contiguous version)
+ */
+static struct snd_util_memblk *
+snd_trident_alloc_cont_pages(struct snd_trident *trident,
+			     struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr;
+	struct snd_util_memblk *blk;
+	int page;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	dma_addr_t addr;
+	unsigned long ptr;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(runtime->dma_bytes <= 0 ||
+		       runtime->dma_bytes > SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES *
+					SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE))
+		return NULL;
+	hdr = trident->tlb.memhdr;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!hdr))
+		return NULL;
+
+	mutex_lock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+	blk = search_empty(hdr, runtime->dma_bytes);
+	if (blk == NULL) {
+		mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+			   
+	/* set TLB entries */
+	addr = runtime->dma_addr;
+	ptr = (unsigned long)runtime->dma_area;
+	for (page = firstpg(blk); page <= lastpg(blk); page++,
+	     ptr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE, addr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE) {
+		if (! is_valid_page(addr)) {
+			__snd_util_mem_free(hdr, blk);
+			mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		set_tlb_bus(trident, page, ptr, addr);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+	return blk;
+}
+
+/*
+ * page allocation for DMA
+ */
+struct snd_util_memblk *
+snd_trident_alloc_pages(struct snd_trident *trident,
+			struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!trident || !substream))
+		return NULL;
+	if (substream->dma_buffer.dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG)
+		return snd_trident_alloc_sg_pages(trident, substream);
+	else
+		return snd_trident_alloc_cont_pages(trident, substream);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * release DMA buffer from page table
+ */
+int snd_trident_free_pages(struct snd_trident *trident,
+			   struct snd_util_memblk *blk)
+{
+	struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr;
+	int page;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!trident || !blk))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	hdr = trident->tlb.memhdr;
+	mutex_lock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+	/* reset TLB entries */
+	for (page = firstpg(blk); page <= lastpg(blk); page++)
+		set_silent_tlb(trident, page);
+	/* free memory block */
+	__snd_util_mem_free(hdr, blk);
+	mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}