Adding upstream version 2.4.47+dfsg.upstream/2.4.47+dfsgupstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

27 files changed, 14181 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/Makefile.in b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/Makefile.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1945ddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/Makefile.in
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Makefile.in for back-mdb
+# $OpenLDAP$
+## This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+##
+## Copyright 2011-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+## All rights reserved.
+##
+## Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+## modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+## Public License.
+##
+## A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+## top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+## <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+
+SRCS = init.c tools.c config.c \
+	add.c bind.c compare.c delete.c modify.c modrdn.c search.c \
+	extended.c operational.c \
+	attr.c index.c key.c filterindex.c \
+	dn2entry.c dn2id.c id2entry.c idl.c \
+	nextid.c monitor.c
+
+OBJS = init.lo tools.lo config.lo \
+	add.lo bind.lo compare.lo delete.lo modify.lo modrdn.lo search.lo \
+	extended.lo operational.lo \
+	attr.lo index.lo key.lo filterindex.lo \
+	dn2entry.lo dn2id.lo id2entry.lo idl.lo \
+	nextid.lo monitor.lo mdb.lo midl.lo
+
+LDAP_INCDIR= ../../../include       
+LDAP_LIBDIR= ../../../libraries
+MDB_SUBDIR = $(srcdir)/$(LDAP_LIBDIR)/liblmdb
+
+BUILD_OPT = "--enable-mdb"
+BUILD_MOD = @BUILD_MDB@
+
+mod_DEFS = -DSLAPD_IMPORT
+MOD_DEFS = $(@BUILD_MDB@_DEFS)
+MOD_LIBS = $(MDB_LIBS)
+
+shared_LDAP_LIBS = $(LDAP_LIBLDAP_R_LA) $(LDAP_LIBLBER_LA)
+NT_LINK_LIBS = -L.. -lslapd $(@BUILD_LIBS_DYNAMIC@_LDAP_LIBS)
+UNIX_LINK_LIBS = $(@BUILD_LIBS_DYNAMIC@_LDAP_LIBS)
+
+LIBBASE = back_mdb
+
+XINCPATH = -I.. -I$(srcdir)/.. -I$(MDB_SUBDIR)
+XDEFS = $(MODULES_CPPFLAGS)
+
+all-local-lib:	../.backend
+
+../.backend: lib$(LIBBASE).a
+	@touch $@
+
+mdb.lo:	$(MDB_SUBDIR)/mdb.c
+	$(LTCOMPILE_MOD) $(MDB_SUBDIR)/mdb.c
+
+midl.lo:	$(MDB_SUBDIR)/midl.c
+	$(LTCOMPILE_MOD) $(MDB_SUBDIR)/midl.c
+
+veryclean-local-lib: FORCE
+	$(RM) $(XXHEADERS) $(XXSRCS) .links
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/add.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/add.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5ccc3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/add.c
@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+/* add.c - ldap mdb back-end add routine */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+int
+mdb_add(Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	struct berval	pdn;
+	Entry		*p = NULL, *oe = op->ora_e;
+	char textbuf[SLAP_TEXT_BUFLEN];
+	size_t textlen = sizeof textbuf;
+	AttributeDescription *children = slap_schema.si_ad_children;
+	AttributeDescription *entry = slap_schema.si_ad_entry;
+	MDB_txn		*txn = NULL;
+	MDB_cursor	*mc = NULL;
+	MDB_cursor	*mcd;
+	ID eid, pid = 0;
+	mdb_op_info opinfo = {{{ 0 }}}, *moi = &opinfo;
+	int subentry;
+	int numads = mdb->mi_numads;
+
+	int		success;
+
+	LDAPControl **postread_ctrl = NULL;
+	LDAPControl *ctrls[SLAP_MAX_RESPONSE_CONTROLS];
+	int num_ctrls = 0;
+
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+	int settle = 0;
+#endif
+
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "==> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": %s\n",
+		op->ora_e->e_name.bv_val, 0, 0);
+
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+	if( op->o_txnSpec ) {
+		/* acquire connection lock */
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &op->o_conn->c_mutex );
+		if( op->o_conn->c_txn == CONN_TXN_INACTIVE ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "invalid transaction identifier";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_TXN_ID_INVALID;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		} else if( op->o_conn->c_txn == CONN_TXN_SETTLE ) {
+			settle=1;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		}
+
+		if( op->o_conn->c_txn_backend == NULL ) {
+			op->o_conn->c_txn_backend = op->o_bd;
+
+		} else if( op->o_conn->c_txn_backend != op->o_bd ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "transaction cannot span multiple database contexts";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_AFFECTS_MULTIPLE_DSAS;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		}
+
+		/* insert operation into transaction */
+
+		rs->sr_text = "transaction specified";
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_TXN_SPECIFY_OKAY;
+
+txnReturn:
+		/* release connection lock */
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &op->o_conn->c_mutex );
+
+		if( !settle ) {
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			return rs->sr_err;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	ctrls[num_ctrls] = 0;
+
+	/* check entry's schema */
+	rs->sr_err = entry_schema_check( op, op->ora_e, NULL,
+		get_relax(op), 1, NULL, &rs->sr_text, textbuf, textlen );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": entry failed schema check: "
+			"%s (%d)\n", rs->sr_text, rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* begin transaction */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_opinfo_get( op, mdb, 0, &moi );
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": txn_begin failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	txn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	/* add opattrs to shadow as well, only missing attrs will actually
+	 * be added; helps compatibility with older OL versions */
+	rs->sr_err = slap_add_opattrs( op, &rs->sr_text, textbuf, textlen, 1 );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": entry failed op attrs add: "
+			"%s (%d)\n", rs->sr_text, rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if ( get_assert( op ) &&
+		( test_filter( op, op->ora_e, get_assertion( op )) != LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE ))
+	{
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_ASSERTION_FAILED;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	subentry = is_entry_subentry( op->ora_e );
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the parent dn and see if the corresponding entry exists.
+	 */
+	if ( be_issuffix( op->o_bd, &op->ora_e->e_nname ) ) {
+		pdn = slap_empty_bv;
+	} else {
+		dnParent( &op->ora_e->e_nname, &pdn );
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_cursor_open( txn, mdb->mi_dn2id, &mcd );
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": mdb_cursor_open failed (%d)\n",
+			rs->sr_err, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* get entry or parent */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, mcd, &op->ora_e->e_nname, &p, NULL, 1 );
+	switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+	case 0:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+		mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+		p = NULL;
+		goto return_results;
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+		goto return_results;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if ( !p )
+		p = (Entry *)&slap_entry_root;
+
+	if ( !bvmatch( &pdn, &p->e_nname ) ) {
+		rs->sr_matched = ber_strdup_x( p->e_name.bv_val,
+			op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		if ( p != (Entry *)&slap_entry_root && is_entry_referral( p )) {
+			BerVarray ref = get_entry_referrals( op, p );
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( ref, &p->e_name,
+				&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+			ber_bvarray_free( ref );
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		}
+		if ( p != (Entry *)&slap_entry_root )
+			mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+		p = NULL;
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": parent "
+			"does not exist\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+		rs->sr_flags = REP_MATCHED_MUSTBEFREED | REP_REF_MUSTBEFREED;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, p,
+		children, NULL, ACL_WADD, NULL );
+
+	if ( ! rs->sr_err ) {
+		if ( p != (Entry *)&slap_entry_root )
+			mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+		p = NULL;
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": no write access to parent\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+		rs->sr_text = "no write access to parent";
+		goto return_results;;
+	}
+
+	if ( p != (Entry *)&slap_entry_root ) {
+		if ( is_entry_subentry( p ) ) {
+			mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+			p = NULL;
+			/* parent is a subentry, don't allow add */
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": parent is subentry\n",
+				0, 0, 0 );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_OBJECT_CLASS_VIOLATION;
+			rs->sr_text = "parent is a subentry";
+			goto return_results;;
+		}
+
+		if ( is_entry_alias( p ) ) {
+			mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+			p = NULL;
+			/* parent is an alias, don't allow add */
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": parent is alias\n",
+				0, 0, 0 );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_ALIAS_PROBLEM;
+			rs->sr_text = "parent is an alias";
+			goto return_results;;
+		}
+
+		if ( is_entry_referral( p ) ) {
+			BerVarray ref = get_entry_referrals( op, p );
+			/* parent is a referral, don't allow add */
+			rs->sr_matched = ber_strdup_x( p->e_name.bv_val,
+				op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( ref, &p->e_name,
+				&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+			ber_bvarray_free( ref );
+			mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+			p = NULL;
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": parent is referral\n",
+				0, 0, 0 );
+
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+			rs->sr_flags = REP_MATCHED_MUSTBEFREED | REP_REF_MUSTBEFREED;
+			goto return_results;
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	if ( subentry ) {
+		/* FIXME: */
+		/* parent must be an administrative point of the required kind */
+	}
+
+	/* free parent */
+	if ( p != (Entry *)&slap_entry_root ) {
+		pid = p->e_id;
+		if ( p->e_nname.bv_len ) {
+			struct berval ppdn;
+
+			/* ITS#5326: use parent's DN if differs from provided one */
+			dnParent( &op->ora_e->e_name, &ppdn );
+			if ( !dn_match( &p->e_name, &ppdn ) ) {
+				struct berval rdn;
+				struct berval newdn;
+
+				dnRdn( &op->ora_e->e_name, &rdn );
+
+				build_new_dn( &newdn, &p->e_name, &rdn, NULL ); 
+				if ( op->ora_e->e_name.bv_val != op->o_req_dn.bv_val )
+					ber_memfree( op->ora_e->e_name.bv_val );
+				op->ora_e->e_name = newdn;
+
+				/* FIXME: should check whether
+				 * dnNormalize(newdn) == e->e_nname ... */
+			}
+		}
+
+		mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+	}
+	p = NULL;
+
+	rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, op->ora_e,
+		entry, NULL, ACL_WADD, NULL );
+
+	if ( ! rs->sr_err ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": no write access to entry\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+		rs->sr_text = "no write access to entry";
+		goto return_results;;
+	}
+
+	/* 
+	 * Check ACL for attribute write access
+	 */
+	if (!acl_check_modlist(op, oe, op->ora_modlist)) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": no write access to attribute\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+		rs->sr_text = "no write access to attribute";
+		goto return_results;;
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_cursor_open( txn, mdb->mi_id2entry, &mc );
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": mdb_cursor_open failed (%d)\n",
+			rs->sr_err, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_next_id( op->o_bd, mc, &eid );
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": next_id failed (%d)\n",
+			rs->sr_err, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	op->ora_e->e_id = eid;
+
+	/* dn2id index */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2id_add( op, mcd, mcd, pid, 1, 1, op->ora_e );
+	mdb_cursor_close( mcd );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": dn2id_add failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+
+		switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+		case MDB_KEYEXIST:
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+			break;
+		default:
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		}
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* attribute indexes */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_index_entry_add( op, txn, op->ora_e );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": index_entry_add failed\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "index generation failed";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* id2entry index */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_id2entry_add( op, txn, mc, op->ora_e );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": id2entry_add failed\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "entry store failed";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* post-read */
+	if( op->o_postread ) {
+		if( postread_ctrl == NULL ) {
+			postread_ctrl = &ctrls[num_ctrls++];
+			ctrls[num_ctrls] = NULL;
+		}
+		if ( slap_read_controls( op, rs, op->ora_e,
+			&slap_post_read_bv, postread_ctrl ) )
+		{
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": post-read "
+				"failed!\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+			if ( op->o_postread & SLAP_CONTROL_CRITICAL ) {
+				/* FIXME: is it correct to abort
+				 * operation if control fails? */
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &opinfo.moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+		opinfo.moi_oe.oe_key = NULL;
+		if ( op->o_noop ) {
+			mdb->mi_numads = numads;
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_NO_OPERATION;
+			txn = NULL;
+			goto return_results;
+		}
+
+		rs->sr_err = mdb_txn_commit( txn );
+		txn = NULL;
+		if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+			mdb->mi_numads = numads;
+			rs->sr_text = "txn_commit failed";
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": %s : %s (%d)\n",
+				rs->sr_text, mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+			goto return_results;
+		}
+	}
+
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_add) ": added%s id=%08lx dn=\"%s\"\n",
+		op->o_noop ? " (no-op)" : "",
+		op->ora_e->e_id, op->ora_e->e_dn );
+
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+	if( num_ctrls ) rs->sr_ctrls = ctrls;
+
+return_results:
+	success = rs->sr_err;
+	send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+	if( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		if( txn != NULL ) {
+			mdb->mi_numads = numads;
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+		}
+		if ( opinfo.moi_oe.oe_key ) {
+			LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &opinfo.moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+		}
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+
+	if( success == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+#if 0
+		if ( mdb->bi_txn_cp_kbyte ) {
+			TXN_CHECKPOINT( mdb->bi_dbenv,
+				mdb->bi_txn_cp_kbyte, mdb->bi_txn_cp_min, 0 );
+		}
+#endif
+	}
+
+	slap_graduate_commit_csn( op );
+
+	if( postread_ctrl != NULL && (*postread_ctrl) != NULL ) {
+		slap_sl_free( (*postread_ctrl)->ldctl_value.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		slap_sl_free( *postread_ctrl, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+	return rs->sr_err;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/attr.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/attr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1505be4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/attr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,630 @@
+/* attr.c - backend routines for dealing with attributes */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <ac/socket.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "slap.h"
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "lutil.h"
+
+/* Find the ad, return -1 if not found,
+ * set point for insertion if ins is non-NULL
+ */
+int
+mdb_attr_slot( struct mdb_info *mdb, AttributeDescription *ad, int *ins )
+{
+	unsigned base = 0, cursor = 0;
+	unsigned n = mdb->mi_nattrs;
+	int val = 0;
+	
+	while ( 0 < n ) {
+		unsigned pivot = n >> 1;
+		cursor = base + pivot;
+
+		val = SLAP_PTRCMP( ad, mdb->mi_attrs[cursor]->ai_desc );
+		if ( val < 0 ) {
+			n = pivot;
+		} else if ( val > 0 ) {
+			base = cursor + 1;
+			n -= pivot + 1;
+		} else {
+			return cursor;
+		}
+	}
+	if ( ins ) {
+		if ( val > 0 )
+			++cursor;
+		*ins = cursor;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int
+ainfo_insert( struct mdb_info *mdb, AttrInfo *a )
+{
+	int x;
+	int i = mdb_attr_slot( mdb, a->ai_desc, &x );
+
+	/* Is it a dup? */
+	if ( i >= 0 )
+		return -1;
+
+	mdb->mi_attrs = ch_realloc( mdb->mi_attrs, ( mdb->mi_nattrs+1 ) * 
+		sizeof( AttrInfo * ));
+	if ( x < mdb->mi_nattrs )
+		AC_MEMCPY( &mdb->mi_attrs[x+1], &mdb->mi_attrs[x],
+			( mdb->mi_nattrs - x ) * sizeof( AttrInfo *));
+	mdb->mi_attrs[x] = a;
+	mdb->mi_nattrs++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+AttrInfo *
+mdb_attr_mask(
+	struct mdb_info	*mdb,
+	AttributeDescription *desc )
+{
+	int i = mdb_attr_slot( mdb, desc, NULL );
+	return i < 0 ? NULL : mdb->mi_attrs[i];
+}
+
+/* Open all un-opened index DB handles */
+int
+mdb_attr_dbs_open(
+	BackendDB *be, MDB_txn *tx0, ConfigReply *cr )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	MDB_txn *txn;
+	MDB_dbi *dbis = NULL;
+	int i, flags;
+	int rc;
+
+	txn = tx0;
+	if ( txn == NULL ) {
+		rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, 0, &txn );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			snprintf( cr->msg, sizeof(cr->msg), "database \"%s\": "
+				"txn_begin failed: %s (%d).",
+				be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_attr_dbs) ": %s\n",
+				cr->msg, 0, 0 );
+			return rc;
+		}
+		dbis = ch_calloc( 1, mdb->mi_nattrs * sizeof(MDB_dbi) );
+	} else {
+		rc = 0;
+	}
+
+	flags = MDB_DUPSORT|MDB_DUPFIXED|MDB_INTEGERDUP;
+	if ( !(slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_READONLY) )
+		flags |= MDB_CREATE;
+
+	for ( i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ ) {
+		if ( mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_dbi )	/* already open */
+			continue;
+		rc = mdb_dbi_open( txn, mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_desc->ad_type->sat_cname.bv_val,
+			flags, &mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_dbi );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			snprintf( cr->msg, sizeof(cr->msg), "database \"%s\": "
+				"mdb_dbi_open(%s) failed: %s (%d).",
+				be->be_suffix[0].bv_val,
+				mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_desc->ad_type->sat_cname.bv_val,
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_attr_dbs) ": %s\n",
+				cr->msg, 0, 0 );
+			break;
+		}
+		/* Remember newly opened DBI handles */
+		if ( dbis )
+			dbis[i] = mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_dbi;
+	}
+
+	/* Only commit if this is our txn */
+	if ( tx0 == NULL ) {
+		if ( !rc ) {
+			rc = mdb_txn_commit( txn );
+			if ( rc ) {
+				snprintf( cr->msg, sizeof(cr->msg), "database \"%s\": "
+					"txn_commit failed: %s (%d).",
+					be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+					LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_attr_dbs) ": %s\n",
+					cr->msg, 0, 0 );
+			}
+		} else {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+		}
+		/* Something failed, forget anything we just opened */
+		if ( rc ) {
+			for ( i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ ) {
+				if ( dbis[i] ) {
+					mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_dbi = 0;
+					mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_indexmask |= MDB_INDEX_DELETING;
+				}
+			}
+			mdb_attr_flush( mdb );
+		}
+		ch_free( dbis );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+void
+mdb_attr_dbs_close(
+	struct mdb_info *mdb
+)
+{
+	int i;
+	for ( i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ )
+		if ( mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_dbi ) {
+			mdb_dbi_close( mdb->mi_dbenv, mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_dbi );
+			mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_dbi = 0;
+		}
+}
+
+int
+mdb_attr_index_config(
+	struct mdb_info	*mdb,
+	const char		*fname,
+	int			lineno,
+	int			argc,
+	char		**argv,
+	struct		config_reply_s *c_reply)
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+	int	i;
+	slap_mask_t mask;
+	char **attrs;
+	char **indexes = NULL;
+
+	attrs = ldap_str2charray( argv[0], "," );
+
+	if( attrs == NULL ) {
+		fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: "
+			"no attributes specified: %s\n",
+			fname, lineno, argv[0] );
+		return LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	if ( argc > 1 ) {
+		indexes = ldap_str2charray( argv[1], "," );
+
+		if( indexes == NULL ) {
+			fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: "
+				"no indexes specified: %s\n",
+				fname, lineno, argv[1] );
+			rc = LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( indexes == NULL ) {
+		mask = mdb->mi_defaultmask;
+
+	} else {
+		mask = 0;
+
+		for ( i = 0; indexes[i] != NULL; i++ ) {
+			slap_mask_t index;
+			rc = slap_str2index( indexes[i], &index );
+
+			if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				if ( c_reply )
+				{
+					snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+						"index type \"%s\" undefined", indexes[i] );
+
+					fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+						fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+				}
+				rc = LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
+				goto done;
+			}
+
+			mask |= index;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( !mask ) {
+		if ( c_reply )
+		{
+			snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+				"no indexes selected" );
+			fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+				fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+		}
+		rc = LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	for ( i = 0; attrs[i] != NULL; i++ ) {
+		AttrInfo	*a;
+		AttributeDescription *ad;
+		const char *text;
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+		ComponentReference* cr = NULL;
+		AttrInfo *a_cr = NULL;
+#endif
+
+		if( strcasecmp( attrs[i], "default" ) == 0 ) {
+			mdb->mi_defaultmask |= mask;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+		if ( is_component_reference( attrs[i] ) ) {
+			rc = extract_component_reference( attrs[i], &cr );
+			if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				if ( c_reply )
+				{
+					snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+						"index component reference\"%s\" undefined",
+						attrs[i] );
+					fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+						fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+				}
+				goto done;
+			}
+			cr->cr_indexmask = mask;
+			/*
+			 * After extracting a component reference
+			 * only the name of a attribute will be remaining
+			 */
+		} else {
+			cr = NULL;
+		}
+#endif
+		ad = NULL;
+		rc = slap_str2ad( attrs[i], &ad, &text );
+
+		if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			if ( c_reply )
+			{
+				snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+					"index attribute \"%s\" undefined",
+					attrs[i] );
+
+				fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+					fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+			}
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if( ad == slap_schema.si_ad_entryDN || slap_ad_is_binary( ad ) ) {
+			if (c_reply) {
+				snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+					"index of attribute \"%s\" disallowed", attrs[i] );
+				fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+					fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+			}
+			rc = LDAP_UNWILLING_TO_PERFORM;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_APPROX ) && !(
+			ad->ad_type->sat_approx
+				&& ad->ad_type->sat_approx->smr_indexer
+				&& ad->ad_type->sat_approx->smr_filter ) )
+		{
+			if (c_reply) {
+				snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+					"approx index of attribute \"%s\" disallowed", attrs[i] );
+				fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+					fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+			}
+			rc = LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_EQUALITY ) && !(
+			ad->ad_type->sat_equality
+				&& ad->ad_type->sat_equality->smr_indexer
+				&& ad->ad_type->sat_equality->smr_filter ) )
+		{
+			if (c_reply) {
+				snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+					"equality index of attribute \"%s\" disallowed", attrs[i] );
+				fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+					fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+			}
+			rc = LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_SUBSTR ) && !(
+			ad->ad_type->sat_substr
+				&& ad->ad_type->sat_substr->smr_indexer
+				&& ad->ad_type->sat_substr->smr_filter ) )
+		{
+			if (c_reply) {
+				snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+					"substr index of attribute \"%s\" disallowed", attrs[i] );
+				fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+					fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+			}
+			rc = LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_CONFIG, "index %s 0x%04lx\n",
+			ad->ad_cname.bv_val, mask, 0 ); 
+
+		a = (AttrInfo *) ch_malloc( sizeof(AttrInfo) );
+
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+		a->ai_cr = NULL;
+#endif
+		a->ai_cursor = NULL;
+		a->ai_flist = NULL;
+		a->ai_clist = NULL;
+		a->ai_root = NULL;
+		a->ai_desc = ad;
+		a->ai_dbi = 0;
+
+		if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_IS_OPEN ) {
+			a->ai_indexmask = 0;
+			a->ai_newmask = mask;
+		} else {
+			a->ai_indexmask = mask;
+			a->ai_newmask = 0;
+		}
+
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+		if ( cr ) {
+			a_cr = mdb_attr_mask( mdb, ad );
+			if ( a_cr ) {
+				/*
+				 * AttrInfo is already in AVL
+				 * just add the extracted component reference
+				 * in the AttrInfo
+				 */
+				rc = insert_component_reference( cr, &a_cr->ai_cr );
+				if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
+					fprintf( stderr, " error during inserting component reference in %s ", attrs[i]);
+					rc = LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
+					goto done;
+				}
+				continue;
+			} else {
+				rc = insert_component_reference( cr, &a->ai_cr );
+				if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
+					fprintf( stderr, " error during inserting component reference in %s ", attrs[i]);
+					rc = LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
+					goto done;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+#endif
+		rc = ainfo_insert( mdb, a );
+		if( rc ) {
+			if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_IS_OPEN ) {
+				AttrInfo *b = mdb_attr_mask( mdb, ad );
+				/* If there is already an index defined for this attribute
+				 * it must be replaced. Otherwise we end up with multiple 
+				 * olcIndex values for the same attribute */
+				if ( b->ai_indexmask & MDB_INDEX_DELETING ) {
+					/* If we were editing this attr, reset it */
+					b->ai_indexmask &= ~MDB_INDEX_DELETING;
+					/* If this is leftover from a previous add, commit it */
+					if ( b->ai_newmask )
+						b->ai_indexmask = b->ai_newmask;
+					b->ai_newmask = a->ai_newmask;
+					ch_free( a );
+					rc = 0;
+					continue;
+				}
+			}
+			if (c_reply) {
+				snprintf(c_reply->msg, sizeof(c_reply->msg),
+					"duplicate index definition for attr \"%s\"",
+					attrs[i] );
+				fprintf( stderr, "%s: line %d: %s\n",
+					fname, lineno, c_reply->msg );
+			}
+
+			rc = LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	ldap_charray_free( attrs );
+	if ( indexes != NULL ) ldap_charray_free( indexes );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_attr_index_unparser( void *v1, void *v2 )
+{
+	AttrInfo *ai = v1;
+	BerVarray *bva = v2;
+	struct berval bv;
+	char *ptr;
+
+	slap_index2bvlen( ai->ai_indexmask, &bv );
+	if ( bv.bv_len ) {
+		bv.bv_len += ai->ai_desc->ad_cname.bv_len + 1;
+		ptr = ch_malloc( bv.bv_len+1 );
+		bv.bv_val = lutil_strcopy( ptr, ai->ai_desc->ad_cname.bv_val );
+		*bv.bv_val++ = ' ';
+		slap_index2bv( ai->ai_indexmask, &bv );
+		bv.bv_val = ptr;
+		ber_bvarray_add( bva, &bv );
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static AttributeDescription addef = { NULL, NULL, BER_BVC("default") };
+static AttrInfo aidef = { &addef };
+
+void
+mdb_attr_index_unparse( struct mdb_info *mdb, BerVarray *bva )
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if ( mdb->mi_defaultmask ) {
+		aidef.ai_indexmask = mdb->mi_defaultmask;
+		mdb_attr_index_unparser( &aidef, bva );
+	}
+	for ( i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ )
+		mdb_attr_index_unparser( mdb->mi_attrs[i], bva );
+}
+
+void
+mdb_attr_info_free( AttrInfo *ai )
+{
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+	free( ai->ai_cr );
+#endif
+	free( ai );
+}
+
+void
+mdb_attr_index_destroy( struct mdb_info *mdb )
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for ( i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ ) 
+		mdb_attr_info_free( mdb->mi_attrs[i] );
+
+	free( mdb->mi_attrs );
+}
+
+void mdb_attr_index_free( struct mdb_info *mdb, AttributeDescription *ad )
+{
+	int i;
+
+	i = mdb_attr_slot( mdb, ad, NULL );
+	if ( i >= 0 ) {
+		mdb_attr_info_free( mdb->mi_attrs[i] );
+		mdb->mi_nattrs--;
+		for (; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++)
+			mdb->mi_attrs[i] = mdb->mi_attrs[i+1];
+	}
+}
+
+void mdb_attr_flush( struct mdb_info *mdb )
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for ( i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ ) {
+		if ( mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_indexmask & MDB_INDEX_DELETING ) {
+			int j;
+			mdb_attr_info_free( mdb->mi_attrs[i] );
+			mdb->mi_nattrs--;
+			for (j=i; j<mdb->mi_nattrs; j++)
+				mdb->mi_attrs[j] = mdb->mi_attrs[j+1];
+			i--;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int mdb_ad_read( struct mdb_info *mdb, MDB_txn *txn )
+{
+	int i, rc;
+	MDB_cursor *mc;
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	struct berval bdata;
+	const char *text;
+	AttributeDescription *ad;
+
+	rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, mdb->mi_ad2id, &mc );
+	if ( rc ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"mdb_ad_read: cursor_open failed %s(%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0);
+		return rc;
+	}
+
+	/* our array is 1-based, an index of 0 means no data */
+	i = mdb->mi_numads+1;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(int);
+	key.mv_data = &i;
+
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+
+	while ( rc == MDB_SUCCESS ) {
+		bdata.bv_len = data.mv_size;
+		bdata.bv_val = data.mv_data;
+		ad = NULL;
+		rc = slap_bv2ad( &bdata, &ad, &text );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			rc = slap_bv2undef_ad( &bdata, &mdb->mi_ads[i], &text, 0 );
+		} else {
+			if ( ad->ad_index >= MDB_MAXADS ) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+					"mdb_adb_read: too many AttributeDescriptions in use\n",
+					0, 0, 0 );
+				return LDAP_OTHER;
+			}
+			mdb->mi_adxs[ad->ad_index] = i;
+			mdb->mi_ads[i] = ad;
+		}
+		i++;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT );
+	}
+	mdb->mi_numads = i-1;
+
+done:
+	if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND )
+		rc = 0;
+
+	mdb_cursor_close( mc );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int mdb_ad_get( struct mdb_info *mdb, MDB_txn *txn, AttributeDescription *ad )
+{
+	int i, rc;
+	MDB_val key, val;
+
+	rc = mdb_ad_read( mdb, txn );
+	if (rc)
+		return rc;
+
+	if ( mdb->mi_adxs[ad->ad_index] )
+		return 0;
+
+	i = mdb->mi_numads+1;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(int);
+	key.mv_data = &i;
+	val.mv_size = ad->ad_cname.bv_len;
+	val.mv_data = ad->ad_cname.bv_val;
+
+	rc = mdb_put( txn, mdb->mi_ad2id, &key, &val, 0 );
+	if ( rc == MDB_SUCCESS ) {
+		mdb->mi_adxs[ad->ad_index] = i;
+		mdb->mi_ads[i] = ad;
+		mdb->mi_numads = i;
+	} else {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"mdb_ad_get: mdb_put failed %s(%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0);
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/back-mdb.h b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/back-mdb.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b271069
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/back-mdb.h
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/* back-mdb.h - mdb back-end header file */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _BACK_MDB_H_
+#define _BACK_MDB_H_
+
+#include <portable.h>
+#include "slap.h"
+#include "lmdb.h"
+
+LDAP_BEGIN_DECL
+
+#undef MDB_TOOL_IDL_CACHING	/* currently broken */
+
+#define DN_BASE_PREFIX		SLAP_INDEX_EQUALITY_PREFIX
+#define DN_ONE_PREFIX	 	'%'
+#define DN_SUBTREE_PREFIX 	'@'
+
+#define MDB_AD2ID		0
+#define MDB_DN2ID		1
+#define MDB_ID2ENTRY	2
+#define MDB_NDB			3
+
+/* The default search IDL stack cache depth */
+#define DEFAULT_SEARCH_STACK_DEPTH	16
+
+/* The minimum we can function with */
+#define MINIMUM_SEARCH_STACK_DEPTH	8
+
+#define MDB_INDICES		128
+
+#define	MDB_MAXADS	65536
+
+/* Default to 10MB max */
+#define DEFAULT_MAPSIZE	(10*1048576)
+
+/* Most users will never see this */
+#define DEFAULT_RTXN_SIZE      10000
+
+#ifdef LDAP_DEVEL
+#define MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+#endif /* LDAP_DEVEL */
+
+typedef struct mdb_monitor_t {
+	void		*mdm_cb;
+	struct berval	mdm_ndn;
+} mdb_monitor_t;
+
+/* From ldap_rq.h */
+struct re_s;
+
+struct mdb_info {
+	MDB_env		*mi_dbenv;
+
+	/* DB_ENV parameters */
+	/* The DB_ENV can be tuned via DB_CONFIG */
+	char		*mi_dbenv_home;
+	uint32_t	mi_dbenv_flags;
+	int			mi_dbenv_mode;
+
+	size_t		mi_mapsize;
+	ID			mi_nextid;
+
+	slap_mask_t	mi_defaultmask;
+	int			mi_nattrs;
+	struct mdb_attrinfo		**mi_attrs;
+	void		*mi_search_stack;
+	int			mi_search_stack_depth;
+	int			mi_readers;
+
+	uint32_t	mi_rtxn_size;
+	int			mi_txn_cp;
+	uint32_t	mi_txn_cp_min;
+	uint32_t	mi_txn_cp_kbyte;
+	struct re_s		*mi_txn_cp_task;
+	struct re_s		*mi_index_task;
+
+	mdb_monitor_t	mi_monitor;
+
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_t	mi_idx_mutex;
+	Avlnode		*mi_idx;
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+	int		mi_flags;
+#define	MDB_IS_OPEN		0x01
+#define	MDB_OPEN_INDEX	0x02
+#define	MDB_DEL_INDEX	0x08
+#define	MDB_RE_OPEN		0x10
+#define	MDB_NEED_UPGRADE	0x20
+
+	int mi_numads;
+
+	MDB_dbi	mi_dbis[MDB_NDB];
+	AttributeDescription *mi_ads[MDB_MAXADS];
+	int mi_adxs[MDB_MAXADS];
+};
+
+#define mi_id2entry	mi_dbis[MDB_ID2ENTRY]
+#define mi_dn2id	mi_dbis[MDB_DN2ID]
+#define mi_ad2id	mi_dbis[MDB_AD2ID]
+
+typedef struct mdb_op_info {
+	OpExtra		moi_oe;
+	MDB_txn*	moi_txn;
+	int			moi_ref;
+	char		moi_flag;
+} mdb_op_info;
+#define MOI_READER	0x01
+#define MOI_FREEIT	0x02
+
+/* Copy an ID "src" to pointer "dst" in big-endian byte order */
+#define MDB_ID2DISK( src, dst )	\
+	do { int i0; ID tmp; unsigned char *_p;	\
+		tmp = (src); _p = (unsigned char *)(dst);	\
+		for ( i0=sizeof(ID)-1; i0>=0; i0-- ) {	\
+			_p[i0] = tmp & 0xff; tmp >>= 8;	\
+		} \
+	} while(0)
+
+/* Copy a pointer "src" to a pointer "dst" from big-endian to native order */
+#define MDB_DISK2ID( src, dst ) \
+	do { unsigned i0; ID tmp = 0; unsigned char *_p;	\
+		_p = (unsigned char *)(src);	\
+		for ( i0=0; i0<sizeof(ID); i0++ ) {	\
+			tmp <<= 8; tmp |= *_p++;	\
+		} *(dst) = tmp; \
+	} while (0)
+
+LDAP_END_DECL
+
+/* for the cache of attribute information (which are indexed, etc.) */
+typedef struct mdb_attrinfo {
+	AttributeDescription *ai_desc; /* attribute description cn;lang-en */
+	slap_mask_t ai_indexmask;	/* how the attr is indexed	*/
+	slap_mask_t ai_newmask;	/* new settings to replace old mask */
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+	ComponentReference* ai_cr; /*component indexing*/
+#endif
+	Avlnode *ai_root;		/* for tools */
+	void *ai_flist;		/* for tools */
+	void *ai_clist;		/* for tools */
+	MDB_cursor *ai_cursor;	/* for tools */
+	int ai_idx;	/* position in AI array */
+	MDB_dbi ai_dbi;
+} AttrInfo;
+
+/* These flags must not clash with SLAP_INDEX flags or ops in slap.h! */
+#define	MDB_INDEX_DELETING	0x8000U	/* index is being modified */
+#define	MDB_INDEX_UPDATE_OP	0x03	/* performing an index update */
+
+/* For slapindex to record which attrs in an entry belong to which
+ * index database 
+ */
+typedef struct AttrList {
+	struct AttrList *next;
+	Attribute *attr;
+} AttrList;
+
+#ifndef CACHELINE
+#define CACHELINE	64
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__i386) || defined(__x86_64)
+#define MISALIGNED_OK	1
+#else
+#define	ALIGNER	(sizeof(size_t)-1)
+#endif
+
+typedef struct IndexRbody {
+	AttrInfo *ai;
+	AttrList *attrs;
+	void *tptr;
+	int i;
+} IndexRbody;
+
+typedef struct IndexRec {
+	union {
+		IndexRbody irb;
+#define ir_ai	iru.irb.ai
+#define ir_attrs	iru.irb.attrs
+#define ir_tptr	iru.irb.tptr
+#define ir_i	iru.irb.i
+		/* cache line alignment */
+		char pad[(sizeof(IndexRbody)+CACHELINE-1) & (!CACHELINE-1)];
+	} iru;
+} IndexRec;
+
+#define MAXRDNS	SLAP_LDAPDN_MAXLEN/4
+
+#include "proto-mdb.h"
+
+#endif /* _BACK_MDB_H_ */
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/bind.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/bind.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..060ca75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/bind.c
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/* bind.c - mdb backend bind routine */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/unistd.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+int
+mdb_bind( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	Entry		*e;
+	Attribute	*a;
+
+	AttributeDescription *password = slap_schema.si_ad_userPassword;
+
+	MDB_txn		*rtxn;
+	mdb_op_info	opinfo = {{{0}}}, *moi = &opinfo;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+		"==> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_bind) ": dn: %s\n",
+		op->o_req_dn.bv_val, 0, 0);
+
+	/* allow noauth binds */
+	switch ( be_rootdn_bind( op, NULL ) ) {
+	case LDAP_SUCCESS:
+		/* frontend will send result */
+		return rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+
+	default:
+		/* give the database a chance */
+		/* NOTE: this behavior departs from that of other backends,
+		 * since the others, in case of password checking failure
+		 * do not give the database a chance.  If an entry with
+		 * rootdn's name does not exist in the database the result
+		 * will be the same.  See ITS#4962 for discussion. */
+		break;
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_opinfo_get(op, mdb, 1, &moi);
+	switch(rs->sr_err) {
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+		return rs->sr_err;
+	}
+
+	rtxn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	/* get entry with reader lock */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, rtxn, NULL, &op->o_req_ndn, &e, NULL, 0 );
+
+	switch(rs->sr_err) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INVALID_CREDENTIALS;
+		goto done;
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		rs->sr_text = "ldap_server_busy";
+		goto done;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	ber_dupbv( &op->oq_bind.rb_edn, &e->e_name );
+
+	/* check for deleted */
+	if ( is_entry_subentry( e ) ) {
+		/* entry is an subentry, don't allow bind */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "entry is subentry\n", 0,
+			0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INVALID_CREDENTIALS;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( is_entry_alias( e ) ) {
+		/* entry is an alias, don't allow bind */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "entry is alias\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INVALID_CREDENTIALS;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( is_entry_referral( e ) ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "entry is referral\n", 0,
+			0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INVALID_CREDENTIALS;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	switch ( op->oq_bind.rb_method ) {
+	case LDAP_AUTH_SIMPLE:
+		a = attr_find( e->e_attrs, password );
+		if ( a == NULL ) {
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_INVALID_CREDENTIALS;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if ( slap_passwd_check( op, e, a, &op->oq_bind.rb_cred,
+					&rs->sr_text ) != 0 )
+		{
+			/* failure; stop front end from sending result */
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_INVALID_CREDENTIALS;
+			goto done;
+		}
+			
+		rs->sr_err = 0;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		assert( 0 ); /* should not be reachable */
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_STRONG_AUTH_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+		rs->sr_text = "authentication method not supported";
+	}
+
+done:
+	if ( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		mdb_txn_reset( moi->moi_txn );
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &moi->moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+	/* free entry and reader lock */
+	if( e != NULL ) {
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+	}
+
+	if ( rs->sr_err ) {
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+		if ( rs->sr_ref ) {
+			ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+			rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	/* front end will send result on success (rs->sr_err==0) */
+	return rs->sr_err;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/compare.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/compare.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47886f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/compare.c
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/* compare.c - mdb backend compare routine */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+int
+mdb_compare( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	Entry		*e = NULL;
+	int		manageDSAit = get_manageDSAit( op );
+
+	MDB_txn		*rtxn;
+	mdb_op_info	opinfo = {{{0}}}, *moi = &opinfo;
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_opinfo_get(op, mdb, 1, &moi);
+	switch(rs->sr_err) {
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	default:
+		send_ldap_error( op, rs, LDAP_OTHER, "internal error" );
+		return rs->sr_err;
+	}
+
+	rtxn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	/* get entry */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, rtxn, NULL, &op->o_req_ndn, &e, NULL, 1 );
+	switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+		goto return_results;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if ( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		if ( e != NULL ) {
+			/* return referral only if "disclose" is granted on the object */
+			if ( ! access_allowed( op, e, slap_schema.si_ad_entry,
+				NULL, ACL_DISCLOSE, NULL ) )
+			{
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+
+			} else {
+				rs->sr_matched = ch_strdup( e->e_dn );
+				if ( is_entry_referral( e )) {
+					BerVarray ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+					rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( ref, &e->e_name,
+						&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+					ber_bvarray_free( ref );
+				} else {
+					rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+				}
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+			}
+			mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+			e = NULL;
+
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( default_referral,
+				NULL, &op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+			rs->sr_err = rs->sr_ref ? LDAP_REFERRAL : LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+		}
+
+		rs->sr_flags = REP_MATCHED_MUSTBEFREED | REP_REF_MUSTBEFREED;
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (!manageDSAit && is_entry_referral( e ) ) {
+		/* return referral only if "disclose" is granted on the object */
+		if ( !access_allowed( op, e, slap_schema.si_ad_entry,
+			NULL, ACL_DISCLOSE, NULL ) )
+		{
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+		} else {
+			/* entry is a referral, don't allow compare */
+			rs->sr_ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+			rs->sr_matched = e->e_name.bv_val;
+		}
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "entry is referral\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+		ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+		rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = slap_compare_entry( op, e, op->orc_ava );
+
+return_results:
+	send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+	switch ( rs->sr_err ) {
+	case LDAP_COMPARE_FALSE:
+	case LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+		break;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if ( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		mdb_txn_reset( moi->moi_txn );
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &moi->moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+	/* free entry */
+	if ( e != NULL ) {
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+	}
+
+	return rs->sr_err;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/config.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/config.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ded7a08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/config.c
@@ -0,0 +1,694 @@
+/* config.c - mdb backend configuration file routine */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/ctype.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/errno.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include "lutil.h"
+#include "ldap_rq.h"
+
+static ConfigDriver mdb_cf_gen;
+
+enum {
+	MDB_CHKPT = 1,
+	MDB_DIRECTORY,
+	MDB_DBNOSYNC,
+	MDB_ENVFLAGS,
+	MDB_INDEX,
+	MDB_MAXREADERS,
+	MDB_MAXSIZE,
+	MDB_MODE,
+	MDB_SSTACK
+};
+
+static ConfigTable mdbcfg[] = {
+	{ "directory", "dir", 2, 2, 0, ARG_STRING|ARG_MAGIC|MDB_DIRECTORY,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:0.1 NAME 'olcDbDirectory' "
+			"DESC 'Directory for database content' "
+			"EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch "
+			"SYNTAX OMsDirectoryString SINGLE-VALUE )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ "checkpoint", "kbyte> <min", 3, 3, 0, ARG_MAGIC|MDB_CHKPT,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:1.2 NAME 'olcDbCheckpoint' "
+			"DESC 'Database checkpoint interval in kbytes and minutes' "
+			"SYNTAX OMsDirectoryString SINGLE-VALUE )",NULL, NULL },
+	{ "dbnosync", NULL, 1, 2, 0, ARG_ON_OFF|ARG_MAGIC|MDB_DBNOSYNC,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:1.4 NAME 'olcDbNoSync' "
+			"DESC 'Disable synchronous database writes' "
+			"SYNTAX OMsBoolean SINGLE-VALUE )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ "envflags", "flags", 2, 0, 0, ARG_MAGIC|MDB_ENVFLAGS,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:12.3 NAME 'olcDbEnvFlags' "
+			"DESC 'Database environment flags' "
+			"EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch "
+			"SYNTAX OMsDirectoryString )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ "index", "attr> <[pres,eq,approx,sub]", 2, 3, 0, ARG_MAGIC|MDB_INDEX,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:0.2 NAME 'olcDbIndex' "
+		"DESC 'Attribute index parameters' "
+		"EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch "
+		"SYNTAX OMsDirectoryString )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ "maxreaders", "num", 2, 2, 0, ARG_UINT|ARG_MAGIC|MDB_MAXREADERS,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:12.1 NAME 'olcDbMaxReaders' "
+		"DESC 'Maximum number of threads that may access the DB concurrently' "
+		"SYNTAX OMsInteger SINGLE-VALUE )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ "maxsize", "size", 2, 2, 0, ARG_ULONG|ARG_MAGIC|MDB_MAXSIZE,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:12.2 NAME 'olcDbMaxSize' "
+		"DESC 'Maximum size of DB in bytes' "
+		"SYNTAX OMsInteger SINGLE-VALUE )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ "mode", "mode", 2, 2, 0, ARG_MAGIC|MDB_MODE,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:0.3 NAME 'olcDbMode' "
+		"DESC 'Unix permissions of database files' "
+		"SYNTAX OMsDirectoryString SINGLE-VALUE )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ "rtxnsize", "entries", 2, 2, 0, ARG_UINT|ARG_OFFSET,
+		(void *)offsetof(struct mdb_info, mi_rtxn_size),
+		"( OLcfgDbAt:12.5 NAME 'olcDbRtxnSize' "
+		"DESC 'Number of entries to process in one read transaction' "
+		"SYNTAX OMsInteger SINGLE-VALUE )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ "searchstack", "depth", 2, 2, 0, ARG_INT|ARG_MAGIC|MDB_SSTACK,
+		mdb_cf_gen, "( OLcfgDbAt:1.9 NAME 'olcDbSearchStack' "
+		"DESC 'Depth of search stack in IDLs' "
+		"SYNTAX OMsInteger SINGLE-VALUE )", NULL, NULL },
+	{ NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, ARG_IGNORED,
+		NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
+};
+
+static ConfigOCs mdbocs[] = {
+	{
+		"( OLcfgDbOc:12.1 "
+		"NAME 'olcMdbConfig' "
+		"DESC 'MDB backend configuration' "
+		"SUP olcDatabaseConfig "
+		"MUST olcDbDirectory "
+		"MAY ( olcDbCheckpoint $ olcDbEnvFlags $ "
+		"olcDbNoSync $ olcDbIndex $ olcDbMaxReaders $ olcDbMaxSize $ "
+		"olcDbMode $ olcDbSearchStack $ olcDbRtxnSize ) )",
+		 	Cft_Database, mdbcfg },
+	{ NULL, 0, NULL }
+};
+
+static slap_verbmasks mdb_envflags[] = {
+	{ BER_BVC("nosync"),	MDB_NOSYNC },
+	{ BER_BVC("nometasync"),	MDB_NOMETASYNC },
+	{ BER_BVC("writemap"),	MDB_WRITEMAP },
+	{ BER_BVC("mapasync"),	MDB_MAPASYNC },
+	{ BER_BVC("nordahead"),	MDB_NORDAHEAD },
+	{ BER_BVNULL, 0 }
+};
+
+/* perform periodic syncs */
+static void *
+mdb_checkpoint( void *ctx, void *arg )
+{
+	struct re_s *rtask = arg;
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = rtask->arg;
+
+	mdb_env_sync( mdb->mi_dbenv, 1 );
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+	ldap_pvt_runqueue_stoptask( &slapd_rq, rtask );
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* reindex entries on the fly */
+static void *
+mdb_online_index( void *ctx, void *arg )
+{
+	struct re_s *rtask = arg;
+	BackendDB *be = rtask->arg;
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = be->be_private;
+
+	Connection conn = {0};
+	OperationBuffer opbuf;
+	Operation *op;
+
+	MDB_cursor *curs;
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	MDB_txn *txn;
+	ID id;
+	Entry *e;
+	int rc, getnext = 1;
+	int i;
+
+	connection_fake_init( &conn, &opbuf, ctx );
+	op = &opbuf.ob_op;
+
+	op->o_bd = be;
+
+	id = 1;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	while ( 1 ) {
+		if ( slapd_shutdown )
+			break;
+
+		rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, 0, &txn );
+		if ( rc )
+			break;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, mdb->mi_id2entry, &curs );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+			break;
+		}
+		if ( getnext ) {
+			getnext = 0;
+			key.mv_data = &id;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( curs, &key, &data, MDB_SET_RANGE );
+			if ( rc ) {
+				mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+				if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND )
+					rc = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			memcpy( &id, key.mv_data, sizeof( id ));
+		}
+
+		rc = mdb_id2entry( op, curs, id, &e );
+		mdb_cursor_close( curs );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+			if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+				id++;
+				getnext = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		rc = mdb_index_entry( op, txn, MDB_INDEX_UPDATE_OP, e );
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+		if ( rc == 0 ) {
+			rc = mdb_txn_commit( txn );
+			txn = NULL;
+		} else {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+			txn = NULL;
+		}
+		if ( rc ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_online_index) ": database %s: "
+				"txn_commit failed: %s (%d)\n",
+				be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			break;
+		}
+		id++;
+		getnext = 1;
+	}
+
+	for ( i = 0; i < mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ ) {
+		if ( mdb->mi_attrs[ i ]->ai_indexmask & MDB_INDEX_DELETING
+			|| mdb->mi_attrs[ i ]->ai_newmask == 0 )
+		{
+			continue;
+		}
+		mdb->mi_attrs[ i ]->ai_indexmask = mdb->mi_attrs[ i ]->ai_newmask;
+		mdb->mi_attrs[ i ]->ai_newmask = 0;
+	}
+
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+	ldap_pvt_runqueue_stoptask( &slapd_rq, rtask );
+	mdb->mi_index_task = NULL;
+	ldap_pvt_runqueue_remove( &slapd_rq, rtask );
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Cleanup loose ends after Modify completes */
+static int
+mdb_cf_cleanup( ConfigArgs *c )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = c->be->be_private;
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_DEL_INDEX ) {
+		mdb_attr_flush( mdb );
+		mdb->mi_flags ^= MDB_DEL_INDEX;
+	}
+
+	if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_RE_OPEN ) {
+		mdb->mi_flags ^= MDB_RE_OPEN;
+		rc = c->be->bd_info->bi_db_close( c->be, &c->reply );
+		if ( rc == 0 )
+			rc = c->be->bd_info->bi_db_open( c->be, &c->reply );
+		/* If this fails, we need to restart */
+		if ( rc ) {
+			slapd_shutdown = 2;
+			snprintf( c->cr_msg, sizeof( c->cr_msg ),
+				"failed to reopen database, rc=%d", rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_cf_cleanup)
+				": %s\n", c->cr_msg, 0, 0 );
+			rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_OPEN_INDEX ) {
+		rc = mdb_attr_dbs_open( c->be, NULL, &c->reply );
+		if ( rc )
+			rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_cf_gen( ConfigArgs *c )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = c->be->be_private;
+	int rc;
+
+	if ( c->op == SLAP_CONFIG_EMIT ) {
+		rc = 0;
+		switch( c->type ) {
+		case MDB_MODE: {
+			char buf[64];
+			struct berval bv;
+			bv.bv_len = snprintf( buf, sizeof(buf), "0%o", mdb->mi_dbenv_mode );
+			if ( bv.bv_len > 0 && bv.bv_len < sizeof(buf) ) {
+				bv.bv_val = buf;
+				value_add_one( &c->rvalue_vals, &bv );
+			} else {
+				rc = 1;
+			}
+			} break;
+
+		case MDB_CHKPT:
+			if ( mdb->mi_txn_cp ) {
+				char buf[64];
+				struct berval bv;
+				bv.bv_len = snprintf( buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld %ld",
+					(long) mdb->mi_txn_cp_kbyte, (long) mdb->mi_txn_cp_min );
+				if ( bv.bv_len > 0 && bv.bv_len < sizeof(buf) ) {
+					bv.bv_val = buf;
+					value_add_one( &c->rvalue_vals, &bv );
+				} else {
+					rc = 1;
+				}
+			} else {
+				rc = 1;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_DIRECTORY:
+			if ( mdb->mi_dbenv_home ) {
+				c->value_string = ch_strdup( mdb->mi_dbenv_home );
+			} else {
+				rc = 1;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_DBNOSYNC:
+			if ( mdb->mi_dbenv_flags & MDB_NOSYNC )
+				c->value_int = 1;
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_ENVFLAGS:
+			if ( mdb->mi_dbenv_flags ) {
+				mask_to_verbs( mdb_envflags, mdb->mi_dbenv_flags, &c->rvalue_vals );
+			}
+			if ( !c->rvalue_vals ) rc = 1;
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_INDEX:
+			mdb_attr_index_unparse( mdb, &c->rvalue_vals );
+			if ( !c->rvalue_vals ) rc = 1;
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_SSTACK:
+			c->value_int = mdb->mi_search_stack_depth;
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_MAXREADERS:
+			c->value_int = mdb->mi_readers;
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_MAXSIZE:
+			c->value_ulong = mdb->mi_mapsize;
+			break;
+		}
+		return rc;
+	} else if ( c->op == LDAP_MOD_DELETE ) {
+		rc = 0;
+		switch( c->type ) {
+		case MDB_MODE:
+#if 0
+			/* FIXME: does it make any sense to change the mode,
+			 * if we don't exec a chmod()? */
+			mdb->bi_dbenv_mode = SLAPD_DEFAULT_DB_MODE;
+			break;
+#endif
+
+		/* single-valued no-ops */
+		case MDB_SSTACK:
+		case MDB_MAXREADERS:
+		case MDB_MAXSIZE:
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_CHKPT:
+			if ( mdb->mi_txn_cp_task ) {
+				struct re_s *re = mdb->mi_txn_cp_task;
+				mdb->mi_txn_cp_task = NULL;
+				ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+				if ( ldap_pvt_runqueue_isrunning( &slapd_rq, re ) )
+					ldap_pvt_runqueue_stoptask( &slapd_rq, re );
+				ldap_pvt_runqueue_remove( &slapd_rq, re );
+				ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+			}
+			mdb->mi_txn_cp = 0;
+			break;
+		case MDB_DIRECTORY:
+			mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_RE_OPEN;
+			ch_free( mdb->mi_dbenv_home );
+			mdb->mi_dbenv_home = NULL;
+			c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+			ldap_pvt_thread_pool_purgekey( mdb->mi_dbenv );
+			break;
+		case MDB_DBNOSYNC:
+			mdb_env_set_flags( mdb->mi_dbenv, MDB_NOSYNC, 0 );
+			mdb->mi_dbenv_flags &= ~MDB_NOSYNC;
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_ENVFLAGS:
+			if ( c->valx == -1 ) {
+				int i;
+				for ( i=0; mdb_envflags[i].mask; i++) {
+					if ( mdb->mi_dbenv_flags & mdb_envflags[i].mask ) {
+						/* not all flags are runtime resettable */
+						rc = mdb_env_set_flags( mdb->mi_dbenv, mdb_envflags[i].mask, 0 );
+						if ( rc ) {
+							mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_RE_OPEN;
+							c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+							rc = 0;
+						}
+						mdb->mi_dbenv_flags ^= mdb_envflags[i].mask;
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				int i = verb_to_mask( c->line, mdb_envflags );
+				if ( mdb_envflags[i].mask & mdb->mi_dbenv_flags ) {
+					rc = mdb_env_set_flags( mdb->mi_dbenv, mdb_envflags[i].mask, 0 );
+					if ( rc ) {
+						mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_RE_OPEN;
+						c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+						rc = 0;
+					}
+					mdb->mi_dbenv_flags ^= mdb_envflags[i].mask;
+				} else {
+					/* unknown keyword */
+					snprintf( c->cr_msg, sizeof( c->cr_msg ), "%s: unknown keyword \"%s\"",
+						c->argv[0], c->argv[i] );
+					Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_CONFIG, "%s %s\n", c->log, c->cr_msg, 0 );
+					rc = 1;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case MDB_INDEX:
+			if ( c->valx == -1 ) {
+				int i;
+
+				/* delete all */
+				for ( i = 0; i < mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ ) {
+					mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_indexmask |= MDB_INDEX_DELETING;
+				}
+				mdb->mi_defaultmask = 0;
+				mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_DEL_INDEX;
+				c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+
+			} else {
+				struct berval bv, def = BER_BVC("default");
+				char *ptr;
+
+				for (ptr = c->line; !isspace( (unsigned char) *ptr ); ptr++);
+
+				bv.bv_val = c->line;
+				bv.bv_len = ptr - bv.bv_val;
+				if ( bvmatch( &bv, &def )) {
+					mdb->mi_defaultmask = 0;
+
+				} else {
+					int i;
+					char **attrs;
+					char sep;
+
+					sep = bv.bv_val[ bv.bv_len ];
+					bv.bv_val[ bv.bv_len ] = '\0';
+					attrs = ldap_str2charray( bv.bv_val, "," );
+
+					for ( i = 0; attrs[ i ]; i++ ) {
+						AttributeDescription *ad = NULL;
+						const char *text;
+						AttrInfo *ai;
+
+						slap_str2ad( attrs[ i ], &ad, &text );
+						/* if we got here... */
+						assert( ad != NULL );
+
+						ai = mdb_attr_mask( mdb, ad );
+						/* if we got here... */
+						assert( ai != NULL );
+
+						ai->ai_indexmask |= MDB_INDEX_DELETING;
+						mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_DEL_INDEX;
+						c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+					}
+
+					bv.bv_val[ bv.bv_len ] = sep;
+					ldap_charray_free( attrs );
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		return rc;
+	}
+
+	switch( c->type ) {
+	case MDB_MODE:
+		if ( ASCII_DIGIT( c->argv[1][0] ) ) {
+			long mode;
+			char *next;
+			errno = 0;
+			mode = strtol( c->argv[1], &next, 0 );
+			if ( errno != 0 || next == c->argv[1] || next[0] != '\0' ) {
+				fprintf( stderr, "%s: "
+					"unable to parse mode=\"%s\".\n",
+					c->log, c->argv[1] );
+				return 1;
+			}
+			mdb->mi_dbenv_mode = mode;
+
+		} else {
+			char *m = c->argv[1];
+			int who, what, mode = 0;
+
+			if ( strlen( m ) != STRLENOF("-rwxrwxrwx") ) {
+				return 1;
+			}
+
+			if ( m[0] != '-' ) {
+				return 1;
+			}
+
+			m++;
+			for ( who = 0; who < 3; who++ ) {
+				for ( what = 0; what < 3; what++, m++ ) {
+					if ( m[0] == '-' ) {
+						continue;
+					} else if ( m[0] != "rwx"[what] ) {
+						return 1;
+					}
+					mode += ((1 << (2 - what)) << 3*(2 - who));
+				}
+			}
+			mdb->mi_dbenv_mode = mode;
+		}
+		break;
+	case MDB_CHKPT: {
+		long	l;
+		mdb->mi_txn_cp = 1;
+		if ( lutil_atolx( &l, c->argv[1], 0 ) != 0 ) {
+			fprintf( stderr, "%s: "
+				"invalid kbyte \"%s\" in \"checkpoint\".\n",
+				c->log, c->argv[1] );
+			return 1;
+		}
+		mdb->mi_txn_cp_kbyte = l;
+		if ( lutil_atolx( &l, c->argv[2], 0 ) != 0 ) {
+			fprintf( stderr, "%s: "
+				"invalid minutes \"%s\" in \"checkpoint\".\n",
+				c->log, c->argv[2] );
+			return 1;
+		}
+		mdb->mi_txn_cp_min = l;
+		/* If we're in server mode and time-based checkpointing is enabled,
+		 * submit a task to perform periodic checkpoints.
+		 */
+		if ((slapMode & SLAP_SERVER_MODE) && mdb->mi_txn_cp_min ) {
+			struct re_s *re = mdb->mi_txn_cp_task;
+			if ( re ) {
+				re->interval.tv_sec = mdb->mi_txn_cp_min * 60;
+			} else {
+				if ( c->be->be_suffix == NULL || BER_BVISNULL( &c->be->be_suffix[0] ) ) {
+					fprintf( stderr, "%s: "
+						"\"checkpoint\" must occur after \"suffix\".\n",
+						c->log );
+					return 1;
+				}
+				ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+				mdb->mi_txn_cp_task = ldap_pvt_runqueue_insert( &slapd_rq,
+					mdb->mi_txn_cp_min * 60, mdb_checkpoint, mdb,
+					LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_checkpoint), c->be->be_suffix[0].bv_val );
+				ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+			}
+		}
+		} break;
+
+	case MDB_DIRECTORY: {
+		FILE *f;
+		char *ptr, *testpath;
+		int len;
+
+		len = strlen( c->value_string );
+		testpath = ch_malloc( len + STRLENOF(LDAP_DIRSEP) + STRLENOF("DUMMY") + 1 );
+		ptr = lutil_strcopy( testpath, c->value_string );
+		*ptr++ = LDAP_DIRSEP[0];
+		strcpy( ptr, "DUMMY" );
+		f = fopen( testpath, "w" );
+		if ( f ) {
+			fclose( f );
+			unlink( testpath );
+		}
+		ch_free( testpath );
+		if ( !f ) {
+			snprintf( c->cr_msg, sizeof( c->cr_msg ), "%s: invalid path: %s",
+				c->log, strerror( errno ));
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "%s\n", c->cr_msg, 0, 0 );
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if ( mdb->mi_dbenv_home )
+			ch_free( mdb->mi_dbenv_home );
+		mdb->mi_dbenv_home = c->value_string;
+
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case MDB_DBNOSYNC:
+		if ( c->value_int )
+			mdb->mi_dbenv_flags |= MDB_NOSYNC;
+		else
+			mdb->mi_dbenv_flags ^= MDB_NOSYNC;
+		if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_IS_OPEN ) {
+			mdb_env_set_flags( mdb->mi_dbenv, MDB_NOSYNC,
+				c->value_int );
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case MDB_ENVFLAGS: {
+		int i, j;
+		for ( i=1; i<c->argc; i++ ) {
+			j = verb_to_mask( c->argv[i], mdb_envflags );
+			if ( mdb_envflags[j].mask ) {
+				if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_IS_OPEN )
+					rc = mdb_env_set_flags( mdb->mi_dbenv, mdb_envflags[j].mask, 1 );
+				else
+					rc = 0;
+				if ( rc ) {
+					mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_RE_OPEN;
+					c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+					rc = 0;
+				}
+				mdb->mi_dbenv_flags |= mdb_envflags[j].mask;
+			} else {
+				/* unknown keyword */
+				snprintf( c->cr_msg, sizeof( c->cr_msg ), "%s: unknown keyword \"%s\"",
+					c->argv[0], c->argv[i] );
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "%s %s\n", c->log, c->cr_msg, 0 );
+				return 1;
+			}
+		}
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case MDB_INDEX:
+		rc = mdb_attr_index_config( mdb, c->fname, c->lineno,
+			c->argc - 1, &c->argv[1], &c->reply);
+
+		if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) return 1;
+		mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_OPEN_INDEX;
+		if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_IS_OPEN ) {
+			c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+			if ( !mdb->mi_index_task ) {
+				/* Start the task as soon as we finish here. Set a long
+				 * interval (10 hours) so that it only gets scheduled once.
+				 */
+				if ( c->be->be_suffix == NULL || BER_BVISNULL( &c->be->be_suffix[0] ) ) {
+					fprintf( stderr, "%s: "
+						"\"index\" must occur after \"suffix\".\n",
+						c->log );
+					return 1;
+				}
+				ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+				mdb->mi_index_task = ldap_pvt_runqueue_insert( &slapd_rq, 36000,
+					mdb_online_index, c->be,
+					LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_online_index), c->be->be_suffix[0].bv_val );
+				ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case MDB_SSTACK:
+		if ( c->value_int < MINIMUM_SEARCH_STACK_DEPTH ) {
+			fprintf( stderr,
+		"%s: depth %d too small, using %d\n",
+			c->log, c->value_int, MINIMUM_SEARCH_STACK_DEPTH );
+			c->value_int = MINIMUM_SEARCH_STACK_DEPTH;
+		}
+		mdb->mi_search_stack_depth = c->value_int;
+		break;
+
+	case MDB_MAXREADERS:
+		mdb->mi_readers = c->value_int;
+		if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_IS_OPEN ) {
+			mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_RE_OPEN;
+			c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case MDB_MAXSIZE:
+		mdb->mi_mapsize = c->value_ulong;
+		if ( mdb->mi_flags & MDB_IS_OPEN ) {
+			mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_RE_OPEN;
+			c->cleanup = mdb_cf_cleanup;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int mdb_back_init_cf( BackendInfo *bi )
+{
+	int rc;
+	bi->bi_cf_ocs = mdbocs;
+
+	rc = config_register_schema( mdbcfg, mdbocs );
+	if ( rc ) return rc;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/delete.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/delete.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53661b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/delete.c
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+/* delete.c - mdb backend delete routine */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "lutil.h"
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+int
+mdb_delete( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	struct berval	pdn = {0, NULL};
+	Entry	*e = NULL;
+	Entry	*p = NULL;
+	int		manageDSAit = get_manageDSAit( op );
+	AttributeDescription *children = slap_schema.si_ad_children;
+	AttributeDescription *entry = slap_schema.si_ad_entry;
+	MDB_txn		*txn = NULL;
+	MDB_cursor	*mc;
+	mdb_op_info opinfo = {{{ 0 }}}, *moi = &opinfo;
+
+	LDAPControl **preread_ctrl = NULL;
+	LDAPControl *ctrls[SLAP_MAX_RESPONSE_CONTROLS];
+	int num_ctrls = 0;
+
+	int	parent_is_glue = 0;
+	int parent_is_leaf = 0;
+
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+	int settle = 0;
+#endif
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "==> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": %s\n",
+		op->o_req_dn.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+	if( op->o_txnSpec ) {
+		/* acquire connection lock */
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &op->o_conn->c_mutex );
+		if( op->o_conn->c_txn == CONN_TXN_INACTIVE ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "invalid transaction identifier";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_TXN_ID_INVALID;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		} else if( op->o_conn->c_txn == CONN_TXN_SETTLE ) {
+			settle=1;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		}
+
+		if( op->o_conn->c_txn_backend == NULL ) {
+			op->o_conn->c_txn_backend = op->o_bd;
+
+		} else if( op->o_conn->c_txn_backend != op->o_bd ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "transaction cannot span multiple database contexts";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_AFFECTS_MULTIPLE_DSAS;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		}
+
+		/* insert operation into transaction */
+
+		rs->sr_text = "transaction specified";
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_TXN_SPECIFY_OKAY;
+
+txnReturn:
+		/* release connection lock */
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &op->o_conn->c_mutex );
+
+		if( !settle ) {
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			return rs->sr_err;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	ctrls[num_ctrls] = 0;
+
+	/* begin transaction */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_opinfo_get( op, mdb, 0, &moi );
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": txn_begin failed: "
+			"%s (%d)\n", mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	txn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	/* allocate CSN */
+	if ( BER_BVISNULL( &op->o_csn ) ) {
+		struct berval csn;
+		char csnbuf[LDAP_PVT_CSNSTR_BUFSIZE];
+
+		csn.bv_val = csnbuf;
+		csn.bv_len = sizeof(csnbuf);
+		slap_get_csn( op, &csn, 1 );
+	}
+
+	if ( !be_issuffix( op->o_bd, &op->o_req_ndn ) ) {
+		dnParent( &op->o_req_ndn, &pdn );
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_cursor_open( txn, mdb->mi_dn2id, &mc );
+	if ( rs->sr_err ) {
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	/* get parent */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, mc, &pdn, &p, NULL, 1 );
+	switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+	case 0:
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+		goto return_results;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	if ( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": no such object %s\n",
+			op->o_req_dn.bv_val, 0, 0);
+
+		if ( p && !BER_BVISEMPTY( &p->e_name )) {
+			rs->sr_matched = ch_strdup( p->e_name.bv_val );
+			if ( is_entry_referral( p )) {
+				BerVarray ref = get_entry_referrals( op, p );
+				rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( ref, &p->e_name,
+					&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+				ber_bvarray_free( ref );
+			} else {
+				rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+			}
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( default_referral, NULL,
+					&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+		}
+		if ( p ) {
+			mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+			p = NULL;
+		}
+
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+		rs->sr_flags = REP_MATCHED_MUSTBEFREED | REP_REF_MUSTBEFREED;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* get entry */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, mc, &op->o_req_ndn, &e, NULL, 0 );
+	switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		e = p;
+		p = NULL;
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+		goto return_results;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* FIXME : dn2entry() should return non-glue entry */
+	if ( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND || ( !manageDSAit && is_entry_glue( e ))) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": no such object %s\n",
+			op->o_req_dn.bv_val, 0, 0);
+
+		rs->sr_matched = ch_strdup( e->e_dn );
+		if ( is_entry_referral( e )) {
+			BerVarray ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( ref, &e->e_name,
+				&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+			ber_bvarray_free( ref );
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		}
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+		e = NULL;
+
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+		rs->sr_flags = REP_MATCHED_MUSTBEFREED | REP_REF_MUSTBEFREED;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if ( pdn.bv_len != 0 ) {
+		/* check parent for "children" acl */
+		rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, p,
+			children, NULL, ACL_WDEL, NULL );
+
+		if ( !rs->sr_err  ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": no write "
+				"access to parent\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+			rs->sr_text = "no write access to parent";
+			goto return_results;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		/* no parent, must be root to delete */
+		if( ! be_isroot( op ) ) {
+			if ( be_issuffix( op->o_bd, (struct berval *)&slap_empty_bv )
+				|| be_shadow_update( op ) ) {
+				p = (Entry *)&slap_entry_root;
+
+				/* check parent for "children" acl */
+				rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, p,
+					children, NULL, ACL_WDEL, NULL );
+
+				p = NULL;
+
+				if ( !rs->sr_err  ) {
+					Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+						"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete)
+						": no access to parent\n",
+						0, 0, 0 );
+					rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+					rs->sr_text = "no write access to parent";
+					goto return_results;
+				}
+
+			} else {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+					"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete)
+					": no parent and not root\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ( get_assert( op ) &&
+		( test_filter( op, e, get_assertion( op )) != LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE ))
+	{
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_ASSERTION_FAILED;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, e,
+		entry, NULL, ACL_WDEL, NULL );
+
+	if ( !rs->sr_err  ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": no write access "
+			"to entry\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+		rs->sr_text = "no write access to entry";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if ( !manageDSAit && is_entry_referral( e ) ) {
+		/* entry is a referral, don't allow delete */
+		rs->sr_ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": entry is referral\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+		rs->sr_matched = ch_strdup( e->e_name.bv_val );
+		rs->sr_flags = REP_MATCHED_MUSTBEFREED | REP_REF_MUSTBEFREED;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* pre-read */
+	if( op->o_preread ) {
+		if( preread_ctrl == NULL ) {
+			preread_ctrl = &ctrls[num_ctrls++];
+			ctrls[num_ctrls] = NULL;
+		}
+		if( slap_read_controls( op, rs, e,
+			&slap_pre_read_bv, preread_ctrl ) )
+		{
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": pre-read "
+				"failed!\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+			if ( op->o_preread & SLAP_CONTROL_CRITICAL ) {
+				/* FIXME: is it correct to abort
+				 * operation if control fails? */
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+
+	/* Can't do it if we have kids */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2id_children( op, txn, e );
+	if( rs->sr_err != MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+		case 0:
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete)
+				": non-leaf %s\n",
+				op->o_req_dn.bv_val, 0, 0);
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_NOT_ALLOWED_ON_NONLEAF;
+			rs->sr_text = "subordinate objects must be deleted first";
+			break;
+		default:
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete)
+				": has_children failed: %s (%d)\n",
+				mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+			rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		}
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* delete from dn2id */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2id_delete( op, mc, e->e_id, 1 );
+	mdb_cursor_close( mc );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": dn2id failed: "
+			"%s (%d)\n", mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_text = "DN index delete failed";
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* delete indices for old attributes */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_index_entry_del( op, txn, e );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": index failed: "
+			"%s (%d)\n", mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_text = "entry index delete failed";
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* fixup delete CSN */
+	if ( !SLAP_SHADOW( op->o_bd )) {
+		struct berval vals[2];
+
+		assert( !BER_BVISNULL( &op->o_csn ) );
+		vals[0] = op->o_csn;
+		BER_BVZERO( &vals[1] );
+		rs->sr_err = mdb_index_values( op, txn, slap_schema.si_ad_entryCSN,
+			vals, 0, SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP );
+		if ( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "entryCSN index update failed";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+			goto return_results;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* delete from id2entry */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_id2entry_delete( op->o_bd, txn, e );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": id2entry failed: "
+			"%s (%d)\n", mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_text = "entry delete failed";
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if ( pdn.bv_len != 0 ) {
+		parent_is_glue = is_entry_glue(p);
+		rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2id_children( op, txn, p );
+		if ( rs->sr_err != MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+			case 0:
+				break;
+			default:
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+					"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete)
+					": has_children failed: %s (%d)\n",
+					mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+				rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+			parent_is_leaf = 1;
+		}
+		mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+		p = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &opinfo.moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+		opinfo.moi_oe.oe_key = NULL;
+		if( op->o_noop ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_NO_OPERATION;
+			txn = NULL;
+			goto return_results;
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_txn_commit( txn );
+		}
+		txn = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": txn_%s failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			op->o_noop ? "abort (no-op)" : "commit",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "commit failed";
+
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_delete) ": deleted%s id=%08lx dn=\"%s\"\n",
+		op->o_noop ? " (no-op)" : "",
+		e->e_id, op->o_req_dn.bv_val );
+	rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+	if( num_ctrls ) rs->sr_ctrls = ctrls;
+
+return_results:
+	if ( rs->sr_err == LDAP_SUCCESS && parent_is_glue && parent_is_leaf ) {
+		op->o_delete_glue_parent = 1;
+	}
+
+	if ( p != NULL ) {
+		mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+	}
+
+	/* free entry */
+	if( e != NULL ) {
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+	}
+
+	if( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		if( txn != NULL ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+		}
+		if ( opinfo.moi_oe.oe_key ) {
+			LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &opinfo.moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+		}
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+
+	send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+	slap_graduate_commit_csn( op );
+
+	if( preread_ctrl != NULL && (*preread_ctrl) != NULL ) {
+		slap_sl_free( (*preread_ctrl)->ldctl_value.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		slap_sl_free( *preread_ctrl, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+
+#if 0
+	if( rs->sr_err == LDAP_SUCCESS && mdb->bi_txn_cp_kbyte ) {
+		TXN_CHECKPOINT( mdb->bi_dbenv,
+			mdb->bi_txn_cp_kbyte, mdb->bi_txn_cp_min, 0 );
+	}
+#endif
+	return rs->sr_err;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/dn2entry.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/dn2entry.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50b6688
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/dn2entry.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/* dn2entry.c - routines to deal with the dn2id / id2entry glue */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+/*
+ * dn2entry - look up dn in the cache/indexes and return the corresponding
+ * entry. If the requested DN is not found and matched is TRUE, return info
+ * for the closest ancestor of the DN. Otherwise e is NULL.
+ */
+
+int
+mdb_dn2entry(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	MDB_cursor *m2,
+	struct berval *dn,
+	Entry **e,
+	ID *nsubs,
+	int matched )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	int rc, rc2;
+	ID id = NOID;
+	struct berval mbv, nmbv;
+	MDB_cursor *mc;
+
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "mdb_dn2entry(\"%s\")\n",
+		dn->bv_val ? dn->bv_val : "", 0, 0 );
+
+	*e = NULL;
+
+	rc = mdb_dn2id( op, tid, m2, dn, &id, nsubs, &mbv, &nmbv );
+	if ( rc ) {
+		if ( matched ) {
+			rc2 = mdb_cursor_open( tid, mdb->mi_id2entry, &mc );
+			if ( rc2 == MDB_SUCCESS ) {
+				rc2 = mdb_id2entry( op, mc, id, e );
+				mdb_cursor_close( mc );
+			}
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( tid, mdb->mi_id2entry, &mc );
+		if ( rc == MDB_SUCCESS ) {
+			rc = mdb_id2entry( op, mc, id, e );
+			mdb_cursor_close(mc);
+		}
+	}
+	if ( *e ) {
+		(*e)->e_name = mbv;
+		if ( rc == MDB_SUCCESS )
+			ber_dupbv_x( &(*e)->e_nname, dn, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		else
+			ber_dupbv_x( &(*e)->e_nname, &nmbv, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	} else {
+		op->o_tmpfree( mbv.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/dn2id.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/dn2id.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31692a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/dn2id.c
@@ -0,0 +1,967 @@
+/* dn2id.c - routines to deal with the dn2id index */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "idl.h"
+#include "lutil.h"
+
+/* Management routines for a hierarchically structured database.
+ *
+ * Instead of a ldbm-style dn2id database, we use a hierarchical one. Each
+ * entry in this database is a struct diskNode, keyed by entryID and with
+ * the data containing the RDN and entryID of the node's children. We use
+ * a B-Tree with sorted duplicates to store all the children of a node under
+ * the same key. Also, the first item under the key contains the entry's own
+ * rdn and the ID of the node's parent, to allow bottom-up tree traversal as
+ * well as top-down. To keep this info first in the list, the high bit of all
+ * subsequent nrdnlen's is always set. This means we can only accomodate
+ * RDNs up to length 32767, but that's fine since full DNs are already
+ * restricted to 8192.
+ *
+ * Also each child node contains a count of the number of entries in
+ * its subtree, appended after its entryID.
+ *
+ * The diskNode is a variable length structure. This definition is not
+ * directly usable for in-memory manipulation.
+ */
+typedef struct diskNode {
+	unsigned char nrdnlen[2];
+	char nrdn[1];
+	char rdn[1];                        /* variable placement */
+	unsigned char entryID[sizeof(ID)];  /* variable placement */
+	/* unsigned char nsubs[sizeof(ID)];	in child nodes only */
+} diskNode;
+
+/* Sort function for the sorted duplicate data items of a dn2id key.
+ * Sorts based on normalized RDN, in length order.
+ */
+int
+mdb_dup_compare(
+	const MDB_val *usrkey,
+	const MDB_val *curkey
+)
+{
+	diskNode *un, *cn;
+	int rc, nrlen;
+
+	un = (diskNode *)usrkey->mv_data;
+	cn = (diskNode *)curkey->mv_data;
+
+	/* data is not aligned, cannot compare directly */
+	rc = un->nrdnlen[0] - cn->nrdnlen[0];
+	if ( rc ) return rc;
+	rc = un->nrdnlen[1] - cn->nrdnlen[1];
+	if ( rc ) return rc;
+
+	nrlen = ((un->nrdnlen[0] & 0x7f) << 8) | un->nrdnlen[1];
+	return strncmp( un->nrdn, cn->nrdn, nrlen );
+}
+
+/* We add two elements to the DN2ID database - a data item under the parent's
+ * entryID containing the child's RDN and entryID, and an item under the
+ * child's entryID containing the parent's entryID.
+ */
+int
+mdb_dn2id_add(
+	Operation	*op,
+	MDB_cursor	*mcp,
+	MDB_cursor	*mcd,
+	ID pid,
+	ID nsubs,
+	int upsub,
+	Entry		*e )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_val		key, data;
+	ID		nid;
+	int		rc, rlen, nrlen;
+	diskNode *d;
+	char *ptr;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_dn2id_add 0x%lx: \"%s\"\n",
+		e->e_id, e->e_ndn ? e->e_ndn : "", 0 );
+
+	nrlen = dn_rdnlen( op->o_bd, &e->e_nname );
+	if (nrlen) {
+		rlen = dn_rdnlen( op->o_bd, &e->e_name );
+	} else {
+		nrlen = e->e_nname.bv_len;
+		rlen = e->e_name.bv_len;
+	}
+
+	d = op->o_tmpalloc(sizeof(diskNode) + rlen + nrlen + sizeof(ID), op->o_tmpmemctx);
+	d->nrdnlen[1] = nrlen & 0xff;
+	d->nrdnlen[0] = (nrlen >> 8) | 0x80;
+	ptr = lutil_strncopy( d->nrdn, e->e_nname.bv_val, nrlen );
+	*ptr++ = '\0';
+	ptr = lutil_strncopy( ptr, e->e_name.bv_val, rlen );
+	*ptr++ = '\0';
+	memcpy( ptr, &e->e_id, sizeof( ID ));
+	ptr += sizeof( ID );
+	memcpy( ptr, &nsubs, sizeof( ID ));
+
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+	key.mv_data = &nid;
+
+	nid = pid;
+
+	/* Need to make dummy root node once. Subsequent attempts
+	 * will fail harmlessly.
+	 */
+	if ( pid == 0 ) {
+		diskNode dummy = {{0, 0}, "", "", ""};
+		data.mv_data = &dummy;
+		data.mv_size = sizeof(diskNode);
+
+		mdb_cursor_put( mcp, &key, &data, MDB_NODUPDATA );
+	}
+
+	data.mv_data = d;
+	data.mv_size = sizeof(diskNode) + rlen + nrlen + sizeof( ID );
+
+	/* Add our child node under parent's key */
+	rc = mdb_cursor_put( mcp, &key, &data, MDB_NODUPDATA );
+
+	/* Add our own node */
+	if (rc == 0) {
+		int flag = MDB_NODUPDATA;
+		nid = e->e_id;
+		/* drop subtree count */
+		data.mv_size -= sizeof( ID );
+		ptr -= sizeof( ID );
+		memcpy( ptr, &pid, sizeof( ID ));
+		d->nrdnlen[0] ^= 0x80;
+
+		if ((slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_MODE) || (e->e_id == mdb->mi_nextid))
+			flag |= MDB_APPEND;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_put( mcd, &key, &data, flag );
+	}
+	op->o_tmpfree( d, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	/* Add our subtree count to all superiors */
+	if ( rc == 0 && upsub && pid ) {
+		ID subs;
+		nid = pid;
+		do {
+			/* Get parent's RDN */
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( mcp, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+			if ( !rc ) {
+				char *p2;
+				ptr = (char *)data.mv_data + data.mv_size - sizeof( ID );
+				memcpy( &nid, ptr, sizeof( ID ));
+				/* Get parent's node under grandparent */
+				d = data.mv_data;
+				rlen = ( d->nrdnlen[0] << 8 ) | d->nrdnlen[1];
+				p2 = op->o_tmpalloc( rlen + 2, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				memcpy( p2, data.mv_data, rlen+2 );
+				*p2 ^= 0x80;
+				data.mv_data = p2;
+				rc = mdb_cursor_get( mcp, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH );
+				op->o_tmpfree( p2, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				if ( !rc ) {
+					/* Get parent's subtree count */
+					ptr = (char *)data.mv_data + data.mv_size - sizeof( ID );
+					memcpy( &subs, ptr, sizeof( ID ));
+					subs += nsubs;
+					p2 = op->o_tmpalloc( data.mv_size, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+					memcpy( p2, data.mv_data, data.mv_size - sizeof( ID ));
+					memcpy( p2+data.mv_size - sizeof( ID ), &subs, sizeof( ID ));
+					data.mv_data = p2;
+					rc = mdb_cursor_put( mcp, &key, &data, MDB_CURRENT );
+					op->o_tmpfree( p2, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				}
+			}
+			if ( rc )
+				break;
+		} while ( nid );
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_dn2id_add 0x%lx: %d\n", e->e_id, rc, 0 );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* mc must have been set by mdb_dn2id */
+int
+mdb_dn2id_delete(
+	Operation	*op,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	ID id,
+	ID nsubs )
+{
+	ID nid;
+	char *ptr;
+	int rc;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_dn2id_delete 0x%lx\n",
+		id, 0, 0 );
+
+	/* Delete our ID from the parent's list */
+	rc = mdb_cursor_del( mc, 0 );
+
+	/* Delete our ID from the tree. With sorted duplicates, this
+	 * will leave any child nodes still hanging around. This is OK
+	 * for modrdn, which will add our info back in later.
+	 */
+	if ( rc == 0 ) {
+		MDB_val	key, data;
+		if ( nsubs ) {
+			mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, NULL, MDB_GET_CURRENT );
+			memcpy( &nid, key.mv_data, sizeof( ID ));
+		}
+		key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+		key.mv_data = &id;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+		if ( rc == 0 )
+			rc = mdb_cursor_del( mc, 0 );
+	}
+
+	/* Delete our subtree count from all superiors */
+	if ( rc == 0 && nsubs && nid ) {
+		MDB_val key, data;
+		ID subs;
+		key.mv_data = &nid;
+		key.mv_size = sizeof( ID );
+		do {
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+			if ( !rc ) {
+				char *p2;
+				diskNode *d;
+				int rlen;
+				ptr = (char *)data.mv_data + data.mv_size - sizeof( ID );
+				memcpy( &nid, ptr, sizeof( ID ));
+				/* Get parent's node under grandparent */
+				d = data.mv_data;
+				rlen = ( d->nrdnlen[0] << 8 ) | d->nrdnlen[1];
+				p2 = op->o_tmpalloc( rlen + 2, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				memcpy( p2, data.mv_data, rlen+2 );
+				*p2 ^= 0x80;
+				data.mv_data = p2;
+				rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH );
+				op->o_tmpfree( p2, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				if ( !rc ) {
+					/* Get parent's subtree count */
+					ptr = (char *)data.mv_data + data.mv_size - sizeof( ID );
+					memcpy( &subs, ptr, sizeof( ID ));
+					subs -= nsubs;
+					p2 = op->o_tmpalloc( data.mv_size, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+					memcpy( p2, data.mv_data, data.mv_size - sizeof( ID ));
+					memcpy( p2+data.mv_size - sizeof( ID ), &subs, sizeof( ID ));
+					data.mv_data = p2;
+					rc = mdb_cursor_put( mc, &key, &data, MDB_CURRENT );
+					op->o_tmpfree( p2, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				}
+
+			}
+			if ( rc )
+				break;
+		} while ( nid );
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_dn2id_delete 0x%lx: %d\n", id, rc, 0 );
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* return last found ID in *id if no match
+ * If mc is provided, it will be left pointing to the RDN's
+ * record under the parent's ID. If nsubs is provided, return
+ * the number of entries in this entry's subtree.
+ */
+int
+mdb_dn2id(
+	Operation	*op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_cursor	*mc,
+	struct berval	*in,
+	ID	*id,
+	ID	*nsubs,
+	struct berval	*matched,
+	struct berval	*nmatched )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_cursor *cursor;
+	MDB_dbi dbi = mdb->mi_dn2id;
+	MDB_val		key, data;
+	int		rc = 0, nrlen;
+	diskNode *d;
+	char	*ptr;
+	char dn[SLAP_LDAPDN_MAXLEN];
+	ID pid, nid;
+	struct berval tmp;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_dn2id(\"%s\")\n", in->bv_val ? in->bv_val : "", 0, 0 );
+
+	if ( matched ) {
+		matched->bv_val = dn + sizeof(dn) - 1;
+		matched->bv_len = 0;
+		*matched->bv_val-- = '\0';
+	}
+	if ( nmatched ) {
+		nmatched->bv_len = 0;
+		nmatched->bv_val = 0;
+	}
+
+	if ( !in->bv_len ) {
+		*id = 0;
+		nid = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	tmp = *in;
+
+	if ( op->o_bd->be_nsuffix[0].bv_len ) {
+		nrlen = tmp.bv_len - op->o_bd->be_nsuffix[0].bv_len;
+		tmp.bv_val += nrlen;
+		tmp.bv_len = op->o_bd->be_nsuffix[0].bv_len;
+	} else {
+		for ( ptr = tmp.bv_val + tmp.bv_len - 1; ptr >= tmp.bv_val; ptr-- )
+			if (DN_SEPARATOR(*ptr))
+				break;
+		ptr++;
+		tmp.bv_len -= ptr - tmp.bv_val;
+		tmp.bv_val = ptr;
+	}
+	nid = 0;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	if ( mc ) {
+		cursor = mc;
+	} else {
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, dbi, &cursor );
+		if ( rc ) goto done;
+	}
+
+	for (;;) {
+		key.mv_data = &pid;
+		pid = nid;
+
+		data.mv_size = sizeof(diskNode) + tmp.bv_len;
+		d = op->o_tmpalloc( data.mv_size, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		d->nrdnlen[1] = tmp.bv_len & 0xff;
+		d->nrdnlen[0] = (tmp.bv_len >> 8) | 0x80;
+		ptr = lutil_strncopy( d->nrdn, tmp.bv_val, tmp.bv_len );
+		*ptr = '\0';
+		data.mv_data = d;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH );
+		op->o_tmpfree( d, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		if ( rc )
+			break;
+		ptr = (char *) data.mv_data + data.mv_size - 2*sizeof(ID);
+		memcpy( &nid, ptr, sizeof(ID));
+
+		/* grab the non-normalized RDN */
+		if ( matched ) {
+			int rlen;
+			d = data.mv_data;
+			rlen = data.mv_size - sizeof(diskNode) - tmp.bv_len - sizeof(ID);
+			matched->bv_len += rlen;
+			matched->bv_val -= rlen + 1;
+			ptr = lutil_strcopy( matched->bv_val, d->rdn + tmp.bv_len );
+			if ( pid ) {
+				*ptr = ',';
+				matched->bv_len++;
+			}
+		}
+		if ( nmatched ) {
+			nmatched->bv_val = tmp.bv_val;
+		}
+
+		if ( tmp.bv_val > in->bv_val ) {
+			for (ptr = tmp.bv_val - 2; ptr > in->bv_val &&
+				!DN_SEPARATOR(*ptr); ptr--)	/* empty */;
+			if ( ptr >= in->bv_val ) {
+				if (DN_SEPARATOR(*ptr)) ptr++;
+				tmp.bv_len = tmp.bv_val - ptr - 1;
+				tmp.bv_val = ptr;
+			}
+		} else {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	*id = nid; 
+	/* return subtree count if requested */
+	if ( !rc && nsubs ) {
+		ptr = (char *)data.mv_data + data.mv_size - sizeof(ID);
+		memcpy( nsubs, ptr, sizeof( ID ));
+	}
+	if ( !mc )
+		mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+done:
+	if ( matched ) {
+		if ( matched->bv_len ) {
+			ptr = op->o_tmpalloc( matched->bv_len+1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			strcpy( ptr, matched->bv_val );
+			matched->bv_val = ptr;
+		} else {
+			if ( BER_BVISEMPTY( &op->o_bd->be_nsuffix[0] ) && !nid ) {
+				ber_dupbv( matched, (struct berval *)&slap_empty_bv );
+			} else {
+				matched->bv_val = NULL;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if ( nmatched ) {
+		if ( nmatched->bv_val ) {
+			nmatched->bv_len = in->bv_len - (nmatched->bv_val - in->bv_val);
+		} else {
+			*nmatched = slap_empty_bv;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_dn2id: get failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror( rc ), rc, 0 );
+	} else {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_dn2id: got id=0x%lx\n",
+			nid, 0, 0 );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* return IDs from root to parent of DN */
+int
+mdb_dn2sups(
+	Operation	*op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	struct berval	*in,
+	ID	*ids )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_cursor *cursor;
+	MDB_dbi dbi = mdb->mi_dn2id;
+	MDB_val		key, data;
+	int		rc = 0, nrlen;
+	diskNode *d;
+	char	*ptr;
+	ID pid, nid;
+	struct berval tmp;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_dn2sups(\"%s\")\n", in->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	if ( !in->bv_len ) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	tmp = *in;
+
+	nrlen = tmp.bv_len - op->o_bd->be_nsuffix[0].bv_len;
+	tmp.bv_val += nrlen;
+	tmp.bv_len = op->o_bd->be_nsuffix[0].bv_len;
+	nid = 0;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, dbi, &cursor );
+	if ( rc ) goto done;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		key.mv_data = &pid;
+		pid = nid;
+
+		data.mv_size = sizeof(diskNode) + tmp.bv_len;
+		d = op->o_tmpalloc( data.mv_size, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		d->nrdnlen[1] = tmp.bv_len & 0xff;
+		d->nrdnlen[0] = (tmp.bv_len >> 8) | 0x80;
+		ptr = lutil_strncopy( d->nrdn, tmp.bv_val, tmp.bv_len );
+		*ptr = '\0';
+		data.mv_data = d;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH );
+		op->o_tmpfree( d, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+			break;
+		}
+		ptr = (char *) data.mv_data + data.mv_size - 2*sizeof(ID);
+		memcpy( &nid, ptr, sizeof(ID));
+
+		if ( pid )
+			mdb_idl_insert( ids, pid );
+
+		if ( tmp.bv_val > in->bv_val ) {
+			for (ptr = tmp.bv_val - 2; ptr > in->bv_val &&
+				!DN_SEPARATOR(*ptr); ptr--)	/* empty */;
+			if ( ptr >= in->bv_val ) {
+				if (DN_SEPARATOR(*ptr)) ptr++;
+				tmp.bv_len = tmp.bv_val - ptr - 1;
+				tmp.bv_val = ptr;
+			}
+		} else {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_dn2sups: get failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror( rc ), rc, 0 );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_dn2id_children(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	Entry *e )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_dbi dbi = mdb->mi_dn2id;
+	MDB_val		key, data;
+	MDB_cursor	*cursor;
+	int		rc;
+	ID		id;
+
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+	key.mv_data = &id;
+	id = e->e_id;
+
+	rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, dbi, &cursor );
+	if ( rc ) return rc;
+
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+	if ( rc == 0 ) {
+		size_t dkids;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_count( cursor, &dkids );
+		if ( rc == 0 ) {
+			if ( dkids < 2 ) rc = MDB_NOTFOUND;
+		}
+	}
+	mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_id2name(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_cursor **cursp,
+	ID id,
+	struct berval *name,
+	struct berval *nname )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_dbi dbi = mdb->mi_dn2id;
+	MDB_val		key, data;
+	MDB_cursor	*cursor;
+	int		rc, len, nlen;
+	char dn[SLAP_LDAPDN_MAXLEN], ndn[SLAP_LDAPDN_MAXLEN], *ptr;
+	char *dptr, *nptr;
+	diskNode *d;
+
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	if ( !*cursp ) {
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, dbi, cursp );
+		if ( rc ) return rc;
+	}
+	cursor = *cursp;
+
+	len = 0;
+	nlen = 0;
+	dptr = dn;
+	nptr = ndn;
+	while (id) {
+		unsigned int nrlen, rlen;
+		key.mv_data = &id;
+		data.mv_size = 0;
+		data.mv_data = "";
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+		if ( rc ) break;
+		ptr = data.mv_data;
+		ptr += data.mv_size - sizeof(ID);
+		memcpy( &id, ptr, sizeof(ID) );
+		d = data.mv_data;
+		nrlen = (d->nrdnlen[0] << 8) | d->nrdnlen[1];
+		rlen = data.mv_size - sizeof(diskNode) - nrlen;
+		assert( nrlen < 1024 && rlen < 1024 );	/* FIXME: Sanity check */
+		if (nptr > ndn) {
+			*nptr++ = ',';
+			*dptr++ = ',';
+		}
+		/* copy name and trailing NUL */
+		memcpy( nptr, d->nrdn, nrlen+1 );
+		memcpy( dptr, d->nrdn+nrlen+1, rlen+1 );
+		nptr += nrlen;
+		dptr += rlen;
+	}
+	if ( rc == 0 ) {
+		name->bv_len = dptr - dn;
+		nname->bv_len = nptr - ndn;
+		name->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( name->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		nname->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( nname->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		memcpy( name->bv_val, dn, name->bv_len );
+		name->bv_val[name->bv_len] = '\0';
+		memcpy( nname->bv_val, ndn, nname->bv_len );
+		nname->bv_val[nname->bv_len] = '\0';
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* Find each id in ids that is a child of base and move it to res.
+ */
+int
+mdb_idscope(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	ID base,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *res )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_dbi dbi = mdb->mi_dn2id;
+	MDB_val		key, data;
+	MDB_cursor	*cursor;
+	ID ida, id, cid = 0, ci0 = 0, idc = 0;
+	char	*ptr;
+	int		rc, copy;
+
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	MDB_IDL_ZERO( res );
+
+	rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, dbi, &cursor );
+	if ( rc ) return rc;
+
+	ida = mdb_idl_first( ids, &cid );
+
+	/* Don't bother moving out of ids if it's a range */
+	if (!MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(ids)) {
+		idc = ids[0];
+		ci0 = cid;
+	}
+
+	while (ida != NOID) {
+		copy = 1;
+		id = ida;
+		while (id) {
+			key.mv_data = &id;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+			if ( rc ) {
+				/* not found, drop this from ids */
+				copy = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			ptr = data.mv_data;
+			ptr += data.mv_size - sizeof(ID);
+			memcpy( &id, ptr, sizeof(ID) );
+			if ( id == base ) {
+				if ( res[0] >= MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE-1 ) {
+					/* too many aliases in scope. Fallback to range */
+					MDB_IDL_RANGE( res, MDB_IDL_FIRST( ids ), MDB_IDL_LAST( ids ));
+					goto leave;
+				}
+				res[0]++;
+				res[res[0]] = ida;
+				copy = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			if ( op->ors_scope == LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL )
+				break;
+		}
+		if (idc) {
+			if (copy) {
+				if (ci0 != cid)
+					ids[ci0] = ids[cid];
+				ci0++;
+			} else
+				idc--;
+		}
+		ida = mdb_idl_next( ids, &cid );
+	}
+	if (!MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids ))
+		ids[0] = idc;
+
+leave:
+	mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* See if base is a child of any of the scopes
+ */
+int
+mdb_idscopes(
+	Operation *op,
+	IdScopes *isc )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_dbi dbi = mdb->mi_dn2id;
+	MDB_val		key, data;
+	ID id, prev;
+	ID2 id2;
+	char	*ptr;
+	int		rc = 0;
+	unsigned int x;
+	unsigned int nrlen, rlen;
+	diskNode *d;
+
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	if ( !isc->mc ) {
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( isc->mt, dbi, &isc->mc );
+		if ( rc ) return rc;
+	}
+
+	id = isc->id;
+
+	/* Catch entries from deref'd aliases */
+	x = mdb_id2l_search( isc->scopes, id );
+	if ( x <= isc->scopes[0].mid && isc->scopes[x].mid == id ) {
+		isc->nscope = x;
+		return MDB_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	isc->sctmp[0].mid = 0;
+	while (id) {
+		if ( !rc ) {
+			key.mv_data = &id;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+			if ( rc )
+				return rc;
+
+			/* save RDN info */
+		}
+		d = data.mv_data;
+		nrlen = (d->nrdnlen[0] << 8) | d->nrdnlen[1];
+		rlen = data.mv_size - sizeof(diskNode) - nrlen;
+		isc->nrdns[isc->numrdns].bv_len = nrlen;
+		isc->nrdns[isc->numrdns].bv_val = d->nrdn;
+		isc->rdns[isc->numrdns].bv_len = rlen;
+		isc->rdns[isc->numrdns].bv_val = d->nrdn+nrlen+1;
+		isc->numrdns++;
+
+		if (!rc && id != isc->id) {
+			/* remember our chain of parents */
+			id2.mid = id;
+			id2.mval = data;
+			mdb_id2l_insert( isc->sctmp, &id2 );
+		}
+		ptr = data.mv_data;
+		ptr += data.mv_size - sizeof(ID);
+		prev = id;
+		memcpy( &id, ptr, sizeof(ID) );
+		/* If we didn't advance, some parent is missing */
+		if ( id == prev )
+			return MDB_NOTFOUND;
+
+		x = mdb_id2l_search( isc->scopes, id );
+		if ( x <= isc->scopes[0].mid && isc->scopes[x].mid == id ) {
+			if ( !isc->scopes[x].mval.mv_data ) {
+				/* This node is in scope, add parent chain to scope */
+				int i;
+				for ( i = 1; i <= isc->sctmp[0].mid; i++ ) {
+					rc = mdb_id2l_insert( isc->scopes, &isc->sctmp[i] );
+					if ( rc )
+						break;
+				}
+				/* check id again since inserts may have changed its position */
+				if ( isc->scopes[x].mid != id )
+					x = mdb_id2l_search( isc->scopes, id );
+				isc->nscope = x;
+				return MDB_SUCCESS;
+			}
+			data = isc->scopes[x].mval;
+			rc = 1;
+		}
+		if ( op->ors_scope == LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL )
+			break;
+	}
+	return MDB_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/* See if ID is a child of any of the scopes,
+ * return MDB_KEYEXIST if so.
+ */
+int
+mdb_idscopechk(
+	Operation *op,
+	IdScopes *isc )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_val		key, data;
+	ID id, prev;
+	char	*ptr;
+	int		rc = 0;
+	unsigned int x;
+
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	if ( !isc->mc ) {
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( isc->mt, mdb->mi_dn2id, &isc->mc );
+		if ( rc ) return rc;
+	}
+
+	id = isc->id;
+
+	while (id) {
+		if ( !rc ) {
+			key.mv_data = &id;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+			if ( rc )
+				return rc;
+		}
+
+		ptr = data.mv_data;
+		ptr += data.mv_size - sizeof(ID);
+		prev = id;
+		memcpy( &id, ptr, sizeof(ID) );
+		/* If we didn't advance, some parent is missing */
+		if ( id == prev )
+			return MDB_NOTFOUND;
+
+		x = mdb_id2l_search( isc->scopes, id );
+		if ( x <= isc->scopes[0].mid && isc->scopes[x].mid == id )
+			return MDB_KEYEXIST;
+	}
+	return MDB_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_dn2id_walk(
+	Operation *op,
+	IdScopes *isc
+)
+{
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	diskNode *d;
+	char *ptr;
+	int rc, n;
+	ID nsubs;
+
+	if ( !isc->numrdns ) {
+		key.mv_data = &isc->id;
+		key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+		isc->scopes[0].mid = isc->id;
+		isc->numrdns++;
+		isc->nscope = 0;
+		/* skip base if not a subtree walk */
+		if ( isc->oscope == LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE ||
+			isc->oscope == LDAP_SCOPE_BASE )
+			return rc;
+	}
+	if ( isc->oscope == LDAP_SCOPE_BASE )
+		return MDB_NOTFOUND;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		/* Get next sibling */
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT_DUP );
+		if ( !rc ) {
+			ptr = (char *)data.mv_data + data.mv_size - 2*sizeof(ID);
+			d = data.mv_data;
+			memcpy( &isc->id, ptr, sizeof(ID));
+
+			/* If we're pushing down, see if there's any children to find */
+			if ( isc->nscope ) {
+				ptr += sizeof(ID);
+				memcpy( &nsubs, ptr, sizeof(ID));
+				/* No children, go to next sibling */
+				if ( nsubs < 2 )
+					continue;
+			}
+			n = isc->numrdns;
+			isc->scopes[n].mid = isc->id;
+			n--;
+			isc->nrdns[n].bv_len = ((d->nrdnlen[0] & 0x7f) << 8) | d->nrdnlen[1];
+			isc->nrdns[n].bv_val = d->nrdn;
+			isc->rdns[n].bv_val = d->nrdn+isc->nrdns[n].bv_len+1;
+			isc->rdns[n].bv_len = data.mv_size - sizeof(diskNode) - isc->nrdns[n].bv_len - sizeof(ID);
+			/* return this ID to caller */
+			if ( !isc->nscope )
+				break;
+
+			/* push down to child */
+			key.mv_data = &isc->id;
+			mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+			isc->nscope = 0;
+			isc->numrdns++;
+			continue;
+
+		} else if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			if ( !isc->nscope && isc->oscope != LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL ) {
+				/* reset to first dup */
+				mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, NULL, MDB_GET_CURRENT );
+				mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+				isc->nscope = 1;
+				continue;
+			} else {
+				isc->numrdns--;
+				/* stack is empty? */
+				if ( !isc->numrdns )
+					break;
+				/* pop up to prev node */
+				n = isc->numrdns - 1;
+				key.mv_data = &isc->scopes[n].mid;
+				key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+				data.mv_data = isc->nrdns[n].bv_val - 2;
+				data.mv_size = 1;	/* just needs to be non-zero, mdb_dup_compare doesn't care */
+				mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH );
+				continue;
+			}
+		} else {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* restore the nrdn/rdn pointers after a txn reset */
+void mdb_dn2id_wrestore (
+	Operation *op,
+	IdScopes *isc
+)
+{
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	diskNode *d;
+	int rc, n, nrlen;
+	char *ptr;
+
+	/* We only need to restore up to the n-1th element,
+	 * the nth element will be replaced anyway
+	 */
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+	for ( n=0; n<isc->numrdns-1; n++ ) {
+		key.mv_data = &isc->scopes[n+1].mid;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+		if ( rc )
+			continue;
+		/* we can't use this data directly since its nrlen
+		 * is missing the high bit setting, so copy it and
+		 * set it properly. we just copy enough to satisfy
+		 * mdb_dup_compare.
+		 */
+		d = data.mv_data;
+		nrlen = ((d->nrdnlen[0] & 0x7f) << 8) | d->nrdnlen[1];
+		ptr = op->o_tmpalloc( nrlen+2, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		memcpy( ptr, data.mv_data, nrlen+2 );
+		key.mv_data = &isc->scopes[n].mid;
+		data.mv_data = ptr;
+		data.mv_size = 1;
+		*ptr |= 0x80;
+		mdb_cursor_get( isc->mc, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH );
+		op->o_tmpfree( ptr, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+		/* now we're back to where we wanted to be */
+		d = data.mv_data;
+		isc->nrdns[n].bv_val = d->nrdn;
+		isc->rdns[n].bv_val = d->nrdn+isc->nrdns[n].bv_len+1;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/extended.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/extended.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d42971
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/extended.c
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/* extended.c - mdb backend extended routines */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "lber_pvt.h"
+
+static struct exop {
+	struct berval *oid;
+	BI_op_extended	*extended;
+} exop_table[] = {
+	{ NULL, NULL }
+};
+
+int
+mdb_extended( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+/*	struct berval		*reqoid,
+	struct berval	*reqdata,
+	char		**rspoid,
+	struct berval	**rspdata,
+	LDAPControl *** rspctrls,
+	const char**	text,
+	BerVarray	*refs 
+) */
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for( i=0; exop_table[i].extended != NULL; i++ ) {
+		if( ber_bvcmp( exop_table[i].oid, &op->oq_extended.rs_reqoid ) == 0 ) {
+			return (exop_table[i].extended)( op, rs );
+		}
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_text = "not supported within naming context";
+	return rs->sr_err = LDAP_UNWILLING_TO_PERFORM;
+}
+
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/filterindex.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/filterindex.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b71f0d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/filterindex.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1173 @@
+/* filterindex.c - generate the list of candidate entries from a filter */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "idl.h"
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+#include <component.h>
+#endif
+
+static int presence_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	ID *ids );
+
+static int equality_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeAssertion *ava,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp );
+static int inequality_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeAssertion *ava,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	int gtorlt );
+static int approx_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeAssertion *ava,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp );
+static int substring_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	SubstringsAssertion *sub,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp );
+
+static int list_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	Filter *flist,
+	int ftype,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *stack );
+
+static int
+ext_candidates(
+        Operation *op,
+		MDB_txn *rtxn,
+        MatchingRuleAssertion *mra,
+        ID *ids,
+        ID *tmp,
+        ID *stack);
+
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+static int
+comp_candidates (
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	MatchingRuleAssertion *mra,
+	ComponentFilter *f,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *stack);
+
+static int
+ava_comp_candidates (
+		Operation *op,
+		MDB_txn *rtxn,
+		AttributeAssertion *ava,
+		AttributeAliasing *aa,
+		ID *ids,
+		ID *tmp,
+		ID *stack);
+#endif
+
+int
+mdb_filter_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	Filter	*f,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *stack )
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+	AttributeAliasing *aa;
+#endif
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "=> mdb_filter_candidates\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+
+	if ( f->f_choice & SLAPD_FILTER_UNDEFINED ) {
+		MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	switch ( f->f_choice ) {
+	case SLAPD_FILTER_COMPUTED:
+		switch( f->f_result ) {
+		case SLAPD_COMPARE_UNDEFINED:
+		/* This technically is not the same as FALSE, but it
+		 * certainly will produce no matches.
+		 */
+		/* FALL THRU */
+		case LDAP_COMPARE_FALSE:
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			break;
+		case LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE:
+			MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+			break;
+		case LDAP_SUCCESS:
+			/* this is a pre-computed scope, leave it alone */
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	case LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tPRESENT\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		rc = presence_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_desc, ids );
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tEQUALITY\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+		if ( is_aliased_attribute && ( aa = is_aliased_attribute ( f->f_ava->aa_desc ) ) ) {
+			rc = ava_comp_candidates ( op, rtxn, f->f_ava, aa, ids, tmp, stack );
+		}
+		else
+#endif
+		{
+			rc = equality_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_ava, ids, tmp );
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_APPROX:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tAPPROX\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		rc = approx_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_ava, ids, tmp );
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tSUBSTRINGS\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		rc = substring_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_sub, ids, tmp );
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_GE:
+		/* if no GE index, use pres */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tGE\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		if( f->f_ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_ordering &&
+			( f->f_ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_ordering->smr_usage & SLAP_MR_ORDERED_INDEX ) )
+			rc = inequality_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_ava, ids, tmp, LDAP_FILTER_GE );
+		else
+			rc = presence_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_ava->aa_desc, ids );
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_LE:
+		/* if no LE index, use pres */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tLE\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		if( f->f_ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_ordering &&
+			( f->f_ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_ordering->smr_usage & SLAP_MR_ORDERED_INDEX ) )
+			rc = inequality_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_ava, ids, tmp, LDAP_FILTER_LE );
+		else
+			rc = presence_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_ava->aa_desc, ids );
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_NOT:
+		/* no indexing to support NOT filters */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tNOT\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_AND:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tAND\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		rc = list_candidates( op, rtxn, 
+			f->f_and, LDAP_FILTER_AND, ids, tmp, stack );
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_OR:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tOR\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		rc = list_candidates( op, rtxn,
+			f->f_or, LDAP_FILTER_OR, ids, tmp, stack );
+		break;
+	case LDAP_FILTER_EXT:
+                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tEXT\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+                rc = ext_candidates( op, rtxn, f->f_mra, ids, tmp, stack );
+                break;
+	default:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tUNKNOWN %lu\n",
+			(unsigned long) f->f_choice, 0, 0 );
+		/* Must not return NULL, otherwise extended filters break */
+		MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+	}
+	if ( ids[2] == NOID && MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids )) {
+		struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+		ID last;
+
+		if ( mdb->mi_nextid ) {
+			last = mdb->mi_nextid;
+		} else {
+			MDB_cursor *mc;
+			MDB_val key;
+
+			last = 0;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_open( rtxn, mdb->mi_id2entry, &mc );
+			if ( !rc ) {
+				rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, NULL, MDB_LAST );
+				if ( !rc )
+					memcpy( &last, key.mv_data, sizeof( last ));
+				mdb_cursor_close( mc );
+			}
+		}
+		if ( last ) {
+			ids[2] = last;
+		} else {
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+		}
+	}
+
+out:
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER,
+		"<= mdb_filter_candidates: id=%ld first=%ld last=%ld\n",
+		(long) ids[0],
+		(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST( ids ),
+		(long) MDB_IDL_LAST( ids ) );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+static int
+comp_list_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	MatchingRuleAssertion* mra,
+	ComponentFilter	*flist,
+	int	ftype,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *save )
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+	ComponentFilter	*f;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "=> comp_list_candidates 0x%x\n", ftype, 0, 0 );
+	for ( f = flist; f != NULL; f = f->cf_next ) {
+		/* ignore precomputed scopes */
+		if ( f->cf_choice == SLAPD_FILTER_COMPUTED &&
+		     f->cf_result == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		MDB_IDL_ZERO( save );
+		rc = comp_candidates( op, rtxn, mra, f, save, tmp, save+MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE );
+
+		if ( rc != 0 ) {
+			if ( ftype == LDAP_COMP_FILTER_AND ) {
+				rc = 0;
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		
+		if ( ftype == LDAP_COMP_FILTER_AND ) {
+			if ( f == flist ) {
+				MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, save );
+			} else {
+				mdb_idl_intersection( ids, save );
+			}
+			if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( ids ) )
+				break;
+		} else {
+			if ( f == flist ) {
+				MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, save );
+			} else {
+				mdb_idl_union( ids, save );
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER,
+			"<= comp_list_candidates: id=%ld first=%ld last=%ld\n",
+			(long) ids[0],
+			(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+			(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+
+	} else {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER,
+			"<= comp_list_candidates: undefined rc=%d\n",
+			rc, 0, 0 );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+comp_equality_candidates (
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	MatchingRuleAssertion *mra,
+	ComponentAssertion *ca,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *stack)
+{
+	MDB_dbi	  dbi;
+	int i;
+	int rc;
+	slap_mask_t mask;
+	struct berval prefix = {0, NULL};
+	struct berval *keys = NULL;
+	MatchingRule *mr = mra->ma_rule;
+	Syntax *sat_syntax;
+	ComponentReference* cr_list, *cr;
+	AttrInfo *ai;
+
+	MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+
+	if ( !ca->ca_comp_ref )
+		return 0;
+
+	ai = mdb_attr_mask( op->o_bd->be_private, mra->ma_desc );
+	if( ai ) {
+		cr_list = ai->ai_cr;
+	}
+	else {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	/* find a component reference to be indexed */
+	sat_syntax = ca->ca_ma_rule->smr_syntax;
+	for ( cr = cr_list ; cr ; cr = cr->cr_next ) {
+		if ( cr->cr_string.bv_len == ca->ca_comp_ref->cr_string.bv_len &&
+			strncmp( cr->cr_string.bv_val, ca->ca_comp_ref->cr_string.bv_val,cr->cr_string.bv_len ) == 0 )
+			break;
+	}
+	
+	if ( !cr )
+		return 0;
+
+	rc = mdb_index_param( op->o_bd, mra->ma_desc, LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY,
+			&dbi, &mask, &prefix );
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( !mr ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( !mr->smr_filter ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rc = (ca->ca_ma_rule->smr_filter)(
+				LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY,
+				cr->cr_indexmask,
+				sat_syntax,
+				ca->ca_ma_rule,
+				&prefix,
+				&ca->ca_ma_value,
+				&keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( keys == NULL ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	for ( i= 0; keys[i].bv_val != NULL; i++ ) {
+		rc = mdb_key_read( op->o_bd, rtxn, dbi, &keys[i], tmp, NULL, 0 );
+
+		if( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			rc = 0;
+			break;
+		} else if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( tmp ) ) {
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ( i == 0 ) {
+			MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, tmp );
+		} else {
+			mdb_idl_intersection( ids, tmp );
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( ids ) )
+			break;
+	}
+	ber_bvarray_free_x( keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= comp_equality_candidates: id=%ld, first=%ld, last=%ld\n",
+			(long) ids[0],
+			(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+			(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+	return( rc );
+}
+
+static int
+ava_comp_candidates (
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeAssertion *ava,
+	AttributeAliasing *aa,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *stack )
+{
+	MatchingRuleAssertion mra;
+	
+	mra.ma_rule = ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_equality;
+	if ( !mra.ma_rule ) {
+		MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+		return 0;
+	}
+	mra.ma_desc = aa->aa_aliased_ad;
+	mra.ma_rule = ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_equality;
+	
+	return comp_candidates ( op, rtxn, &mra, ava->aa_cf, ids, tmp, stack );
+}
+
+static int
+comp_candidates (
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	MatchingRuleAssertion *mra,
+	ComponentFilter *f,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *stack)
+{
+	int	rc;
+
+	if ( !f ) return LDAP_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "comp_candidates\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+	switch ( f->cf_choice ) {
+	case SLAPD_FILTER_COMPUTED:
+		rc = f->cf_result;
+		break;
+	case LDAP_COMP_FILTER_AND:
+		rc = comp_list_candidates( op, rtxn, mra, f->cf_and, LDAP_COMP_FILTER_AND, ids, tmp, stack );
+		break;
+	case LDAP_COMP_FILTER_OR:
+		rc = comp_list_candidates( op, rtxn, mra, f->cf_or, LDAP_COMP_FILTER_OR, ids, tmp, stack );
+		break;
+	case LDAP_COMP_FILTER_NOT:
+		/* No component indexing supported for NOT filter */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "\tComponent NOT\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+		MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+		rc = LDAP_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+		break;
+	case LDAP_COMP_FILTER_ITEM:
+		rc = comp_equality_candidates( op, rtxn, mra, f->cf_ca, ids, tmp, stack );
+		break;
+	default:
+		MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+		rc = LDAP_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	return( rc );
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+ext_candidates(
+        Operation *op,
+		MDB_txn *rtxn,
+        MatchingRuleAssertion *mra,
+        ID *ids,
+        ID *tmp,
+        ID *stack)
+{
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+	/*
+	 * Currently Only Component Indexing for componentFilterMatch is supported
+	 * Indexing for an extensible filter is not supported yet
+	 */
+	if ( mra->ma_cf ) {
+		return comp_candidates ( op, rtxn, mra, mra->ma_cf, ids, tmp, stack);
+	}
+#endif
+	if ( mra->ma_desc == slap_schema.si_ad_entryDN ) {
+		int rc;
+		ID id;
+
+		MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+		if ( mra->ma_rule == slap_schema.si_mr_distinguishedNameMatch ) {
+base:
+			rc = mdb_dn2id( op, rtxn, NULL, &mra->ma_value, &id, NULL, NULL, NULL );
+			if ( rc == MDB_SUCCESS ) {
+				mdb_idl_insert( ids, id );
+			}
+			return 0;
+		} else if ( mra->ma_rule && mra->ma_rule->smr_match ==
+			dnRelativeMatch && dnIsSuffix( &mra->ma_value,
+				op->o_bd->be_nsuffix )) {
+			int scope;
+			if ( mra->ma_rule == slap_schema.si_mr_dnSuperiorMatch ) {
+				mdb_dn2sups( op, rtxn, &mra->ma_value, ids );
+				return 0;
+			}
+			if ( mra->ma_rule == slap_schema.si_mr_dnSubtreeMatch )
+				scope = LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE;
+			else if ( mra->ma_rule == slap_schema.si_mr_dnOneLevelMatch )
+				scope = LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL;
+			else if ( mra->ma_rule == slap_schema.si_mr_dnSubordinateMatch )
+				scope = LDAP_SCOPE_SUBORDINATE;
+			else
+				goto base;	/* scope = LDAP_SCOPE_BASE; */
+#if 0
+			if ( scope > LDAP_SCOPE_BASE ) {
+				ei = NULL;
+				rc = mdb_cache_find_ndn( op, rtxn, &mra->ma_value, &ei );
+				if ( ei )
+					mdb_cache_entryinfo_unlock( ei );
+				if ( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+					int sc = op->ors_scope;
+					op->ors_scope = scope;
+					rc = mdb_dn2idl( op, rtxn, &mra->ma_value, ei, ids,
+						stack );
+					op->ors_scope = sc;
+				}
+				return 0;
+			}
+#endif
+		}
+	}
+
+	MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+list_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	Filter	*flist,
+	int		ftype,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *save )
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+	Filter	*f;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "=> mdb_list_candidates 0x%x\n", ftype, 0, 0 );
+	for ( f = flist; f != NULL; f = f->f_next ) {
+		/* ignore precomputed scopes */
+		if ( f->f_choice == SLAPD_FILTER_COMPUTED &&
+		     f->f_result == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		MDB_IDL_ZERO( save );
+		rc = mdb_filter_candidates( op, rtxn, f, save, tmp,
+			save+MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE );
+
+		if ( rc != 0 ) {
+			if ( ftype == LDAP_FILTER_AND ) {
+				rc = 0;
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		
+		if ( ftype == LDAP_FILTER_AND ) {
+			if ( f == flist ) {
+				MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, save );
+			} else {
+				mdb_idl_intersection( ids, save );
+			}
+			if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( ids ) )
+				break;
+		} else {
+			if ( f == flist ) {
+				MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, save );
+			} else {
+				mdb_idl_union( ids, save );
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER,
+			"<= mdb_list_candidates: id=%ld first=%ld last=%ld\n",
+			(long) ids[0],
+			(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+			(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+
+	} else {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER,
+			"<= mdb_list_candidates: undefined rc=%d\n",
+			rc, 0, 0 );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+presence_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	ID *ids )
+{
+	MDB_dbi dbi;
+	int rc;
+	slap_mask_t mask;
+	struct berval prefix = {0, NULL};
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_presence_candidates (%s)\n",
+			desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+
+	if( desc == slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_index_param( op->o_bd, desc, LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT,
+		&dbi, &mask, &prefix );
+
+	if( rc == LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING ) {
+		/* not indexed */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_presence_candidates: (%s) not indexed\n",
+			desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_presence_candidates: (%s) index_param "
+			"returned=%d\n",
+			desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( prefix.bv_val == NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_presence_candidates: (%s) no prefix\n",
+			desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_key_read( op->o_bd, rtxn, dbi, &prefix, ids, NULL, 0 );
+
+	if( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+		rc = 0;
+	} else if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_presense_candidates: (%s) "
+			"key read failed (%d)\n",
+			desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		"<= mdb_presence_candidates: id=%ld first=%ld last=%ld\n",
+		(long) ids[0],
+		(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+		(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+
+done:
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+equality_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeAssertion *ava,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp )
+{
+	MDB_dbi	dbi;
+	int i;
+	int rc;
+	slap_mask_t mask;
+	struct berval prefix = {0, NULL};
+	struct berval *keys = NULL;
+	MatchingRule *mr;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_equality_candidates (%s)\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	if ( ava->aa_desc == slap_schema.si_ad_entryDN ) {
+		ID id;
+		rc = mdb_dn2id( op, rtxn, NULL, &ava->aa_value, &id, NULL, NULL, NULL );
+		if ( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			/* exactly one ID can match */
+			ids[0] = 1;
+			ids[1] = id;
+		}
+		if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			rc = 0;
+		}
+		return rc;
+	}
+
+	MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+
+	rc = mdb_index_param( op->o_bd, ava->aa_desc, LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY,
+		&dbi, &mask, &prefix );
+
+	if ( rc == LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"<= mdb_equality_candidates: (%s) not indexed\n", 
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"<= mdb_equality_candidates: (%s) "
+			"index_param failed (%d)\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	mr = ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_equality;
+	if( !mr ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( !mr->smr_filter ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rc = (mr->smr_filter)(
+		LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY,
+		mask,
+		ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_syntax,
+		mr,
+		&prefix,
+		&ava->aa_value,
+		&keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_equality_candidates: (%s, %s) "
+			"MR filter failed (%d)\n",
+			prefix.bv_val, ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( keys == NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_equality_candidates: (%s) no keys\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	for ( i= 0; keys[i].bv_val != NULL; i++ ) {
+		rc = mdb_key_read( op->o_bd, rtxn, dbi, &keys[i], tmp, NULL, 0 );
+
+		if( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			rc = 0;
+			break;
+		} else if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<= mdb_equality_candidates: (%s) "
+				"key read failed (%d)\n",
+				ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( tmp ) ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<= mdb_equality_candidates: (%s) NULL\n", 
+				ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ( i == 0 ) {
+			MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, tmp );
+		} else {
+			mdb_idl_intersection( ids, tmp );
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( ids ) )
+			break;
+	}
+
+	ber_bvarray_free_x( keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		"<= mdb_equality_candidates: id=%ld, first=%ld, last=%ld\n",
+		(long) ids[0],
+		(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+		(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+	return( rc );
+}
+
+
+static int
+approx_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeAssertion *ava,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp )
+{
+	MDB_dbi	dbi;
+	int i;
+	int rc;
+	slap_mask_t mask;
+	struct berval prefix = {0, NULL};
+	struct berval *keys = NULL;
+	MatchingRule *mr;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_approx_candidates (%s)\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+
+	rc = mdb_index_param( op->o_bd, ava->aa_desc, LDAP_FILTER_APPROX,
+		&dbi, &mask, &prefix );
+
+	if ( rc == LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"<= mdb_approx_candidates: (%s) not indexed\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"<= mdb_approx_candidates: (%s) "
+			"index_param failed (%d)\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	mr = ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_approx;
+	if( !mr ) {
+		/* no approx matching rule, try equality matching rule */
+		mr = ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_equality;
+	}
+
+	if( !mr ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( !mr->smr_filter ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rc = (mr->smr_filter)(
+		LDAP_FILTER_APPROX,
+		mask,
+		ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_syntax,
+		mr,
+		&prefix,
+		&ava->aa_value,
+		&keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_approx_candidates: (%s, %s) "
+			"MR filter failed (%d)\n",
+			prefix.bv_val, ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( keys == NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_approx_candidates: (%s) no keys (%s)\n",
+			prefix.bv_val, ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	for ( i= 0; keys[i].bv_val != NULL; i++ ) {
+		rc = mdb_key_read( op->o_bd, rtxn, dbi, &keys[i], tmp, NULL, 0 );
+
+		if( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			rc = 0;
+			break;
+		} else if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<= mdb_approx_candidates: (%s) "
+				"key read failed (%d)\n",
+				ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( tmp ) ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<= mdb_approx_candidates: (%s) NULL\n",
+				ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ( i == 0 ) {
+			MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, tmp );
+		} else {
+			mdb_idl_intersection( ids, tmp );
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( ids ) )
+			break;
+	}
+
+	ber_bvarray_free_x( keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_approx_candidates %ld, first=%ld, last=%ld\n",
+		(long) ids[0],
+		(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+		(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+	return( rc );
+}
+
+static int
+substring_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	SubstringsAssertion	*sub,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp )
+{
+	MDB_dbi	dbi;
+	int i;
+	int rc;
+	slap_mask_t mask;
+	struct berval prefix = {0, NULL};
+	struct berval *keys = NULL;
+	MatchingRule *mr;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_substring_candidates (%s)\n",
+			sub->sa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+
+	rc = mdb_index_param( op->o_bd, sub->sa_desc, LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS,
+		&dbi, &mask, &prefix );
+
+	if ( rc == LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"<= mdb_substring_candidates: (%s) not indexed\n",
+			sub->sa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"<= mdb_substring_candidates: (%s) "
+			"index_param failed (%d)\n",
+			sub->sa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	mr = sub->sa_desc->ad_type->sat_substr;
+
+	if( !mr ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( !mr->smr_filter ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rc = (mr->smr_filter)(
+		LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS,
+		mask,
+		sub->sa_desc->ad_type->sat_syntax,
+		mr,
+		&prefix,
+		sub,
+		&keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_substring_candidates: (%s) "
+			"MR filter failed (%d)\n",
+			sub->sa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( keys == NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_substring_candidates: (0x%04lx) no keys (%s)\n",
+			mask, sub->sa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	for ( i= 0; keys[i].bv_val != NULL; i++ ) {
+		rc = mdb_key_read( op->o_bd, rtxn, dbi, &keys[i], tmp, NULL, 0 );
+
+		if( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			rc = 0;
+			break;
+		} else if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<= mdb_substring_candidates: (%s) "
+				"key read failed (%d)\n",
+				sub->sa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( tmp ) ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<= mdb_substring_candidates: (%s) NULL\n",
+				sub->sa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ( i == 0 ) {
+			MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, tmp );
+		} else {
+			mdb_idl_intersection( ids, tmp );
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( ids ) )
+			break;
+	}
+
+	ber_bvarray_free_x( keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_substring_candidates: %ld, first=%ld, last=%ld\n",
+		(long) ids[0],
+		(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+		(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+	return( rc );
+}
+
+static int
+inequality_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *rtxn,
+	AttributeAssertion *ava,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	int gtorlt )
+{
+	MDB_dbi	dbi;
+	int rc;
+	slap_mask_t mask;
+	struct berval prefix = {0, NULL};
+	struct berval *keys = NULL;
+	MatchingRule *mr;
+	MDB_cursor *cursor = NULL;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_inequality_candidates (%s)\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	MDB_IDL_ALL( ids );
+
+	rc = mdb_index_param( op->o_bd, ava->aa_desc, LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY,
+		&dbi, &mask, &prefix );
+
+	if ( rc == LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"<= mdb_inequality_candidates: (%s) not indexed\n", 
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"<= mdb_inequality_candidates: (%s) "
+			"index_param failed (%d)\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	mr = ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_equality;
+	if( !mr ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( !mr->smr_filter ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rc = (mr->smr_filter)(
+		LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY,
+		mask,
+		ava->aa_desc->ad_type->sat_syntax,
+		mr,
+		&prefix,
+		&ava->aa_value,
+		&keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_inequality_candidates: (%s, %s) "
+			"MR filter failed (%d)\n",
+			prefix.bv_val, ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( keys == NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<= mdb_inequality_candidates: (%s) no keys\n",
+			ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	MDB_IDL_ZERO( ids );
+	while(1) {
+		rc = mdb_key_read( op->o_bd, rtxn, dbi, &keys[0], tmp, &cursor, gtorlt );
+
+		if( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			rc = 0;
+			break;
+		} else if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			       "<= mdb_inequality_candidates: (%s) "
+			       "key read failed (%d)\n",
+			       ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, rc, 0 );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( tmp ) ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			       "<= mdb_inequality_candidates: (%s) NULL\n", 
+			       ava->aa_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			break;
+		}
+
+		mdb_idl_union( ids, tmp );
+
+		if( op->ors_limit && op->ors_limit->lms_s_unchecked != -1 &&
+			MDB_IDL_N( ids ) >= (unsigned) op->ors_limit->lms_s_unchecked ) {
+			mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ber_bvarray_free_x( keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		"<= mdb_inequality_candidates: id=%ld, first=%ld, last=%ld\n",
+		(long) ids[0],
+		(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+		(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+	return( rc );
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/id2entry.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/id2entry.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b580ebd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/id2entry.c
@@ -0,0 +1,761 @@
+/* id2entry.c - routines to deal with the id2entry database */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/errno.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+typedef struct Ecount {
+	ber_len_t len;
+	int nattrs;
+	int nvals;
+	int offset;
+} Ecount;
+
+static int mdb_entry_partsize(struct mdb_info *mdb, MDB_txn *txn, Entry *e,
+	Ecount *eh);
+static int mdb_entry_encode(Operation *op, Entry *e, MDB_val *data,
+	Ecount *ec);
+static Entry *mdb_entry_alloc( Operation *op, int nattrs, int nvals );
+
+#define ADD_FLAGS	(MDB_NOOVERWRITE|MDB_APPEND)
+
+static int mdb_id2entry_put(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	Entry *e,
+	int flag )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	Ecount ec;
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	int rc;
+
+	/* We only store rdns, and they go in the dn2id database. */
+
+	key.mv_data = &e->e_id;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	rc = mdb_entry_partsize( mdb, txn, e, &ec );
+	if (rc)
+		return LDAP_OTHER;
+
+	flag |= MDB_RESERVE;
+
+	if (e->e_id < mdb->mi_nextid)
+		flag &= ~MDB_APPEND;
+
+again:
+	data.mv_size = ec.len;
+	if ( mc )
+		rc = mdb_cursor_put( mc, &key, &data, flag );
+	else
+		rc = mdb_put( txn, mdb->mi_id2entry, &key, &data, flag );
+	if (rc == MDB_SUCCESS) {
+		rc = mdb_entry_encode( op, e, &data, &ec );
+		if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS )
+			return rc;
+	}
+	if (rc) {
+		/* Was there a hole from slapadd? */
+		if ( (flag & MDB_NOOVERWRITE) && data.mv_size == 0 ) {
+			flag &= ~ADD_FLAGS;
+			goto again;
+		}
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"mdb_id2entry_put: mdb_put failed: %s(%d) \"%s\"\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc,
+			e->e_nname.bv_val );
+		if ( rc != MDB_KEYEXIST )
+			rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This routine adds (or updates) an entry on disk.
+ * The cache should be already be updated.
+ */
+
+
+int mdb_id2entry_add(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	Entry *e )
+{
+	return mdb_id2entry_put(op, txn, mc, e, ADD_FLAGS);
+}
+
+int mdb_id2entry_update(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	Entry *e )
+{
+	return mdb_id2entry_put(op, txn, mc, e, 0);
+}
+
+int mdb_id2edata(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	ID id,
+	MDB_val *data )
+{
+	MDB_val key;
+	int rc;
+
+	key.mv_data = &id;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	/* fetch it */
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, data, MDB_SET );
+	/* stubs from missing parents - DB is actually invalid */
+	if ( rc == MDB_SUCCESS && !data->mv_size )
+		rc = MDB_NOTFOUND;
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int mdb_id2entry(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	ID id,
+	Entry **e )
+{
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	*e = NULL;
+
+	key.mv_data = &id;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	/* fetch it */
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+	if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		/* Looking for root entry on an empty-dn suffix? */
+		if ( !id && BER_BVISEMPTY( &op->o_bd->be_nsuffix[0] )) {
+			struct berval gluebv = BER_BVC("glue");
+			Entry *r = mdb_entry_alloc(op, 2, 4);
+			Attribute *a = r->e_attrs;
+			struct berval *bptr;
+
+			r->e_id = 0;
+			r->e_ocflags = SLAP_OC_GLUE|SLAP_OC__END;
+			bptr = a->a_vals;
+			a->a_flags = SLAP_ATTR_DONT_FREE_DATA | SLAP_ATTR_DONT_FREE_VALS;
+			a->a_desc = slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass;
+			a->a_nvals = a->a_vals;
+			a->a_numvals = 1;
+			*bptr++ = gluebv;
+			BER_BVZERO(bptr);
+			bptr++;
+			a->a_next = a+1;
+			a = a->a_next;
+			a->a_flags = SLAP_ATTR_DONT_FREE_DATA | SLAP_ATTR_DONT_FREE_VALS;
+			a->a_desc = slap_schema.si_ad_structuralObjectClass;
+			a->a_vals = bptr;
+			a->a_nvals = a->a_vals;
+			a->a_numvals = 1;
+			*bptr++ = gluebv;
+			BER_BVZERO(bptr);
+			a->a_next = NULL;
+			*e = r;
+			return MDB_SUCCESS;
+		}
+	}
+	/* stubs from missing parents - DB is actually invalid */
+	if ( rc == MDB_SUCCESS && !data.mv_size )
+		rc = MDB_NOTFOUND;
+	if ( rc ) return rc;
+
+	rc = mdb_entry_decode( op, mdb_cursor_txn( mc ), &data, e );
+	if ( rc ) return rc;
+
+	(*e)->e_id = id;
+	(*e)->e_name.bv_val = NULL;
+	(*e)->e_nname.bv_val = NULL;
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int mdb_id2entry_delete(
+	BackendDB *be,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	Entry *e )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	MDB_dbi dbi = mdb->mi_id2entry;
+	MDB_val key;
+	int rc;
+
+	key.mv_data = &e->e_id;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+
+	/* delete from database */
+	rc = mdb_del( tid, dbi, &key, NULL );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static Entry * mdb_entry_alloc(
+	Operation *op,
+	int nattrs,
+	int nvals )
+{
+	Entry *e = op->o_tmpalloc( sizeof(Entry) +
+		nattrs * sizeof(Attribute) +
+		nvals * sizeof(struct berval), op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	BER_BVZERO(&e->e_bv);
+	e->e_private = e;
+	if (nattrs) {
+		e->e_attrs = (Attribute *)(e+1);
+		e->e_attrs->a_vals = (struct berval *)(e->e_attrs+nattrs);
+	} else {
+		e->e_attrs = NULL;
+	}
+
+	return e;
+}
+
+int mdb_entry_return(
+	Operation *op,
+	Entry *e
+)
+{
+	if ( !e )
+		return 0;
+	if ( e->e_private ) {
+		if ( op->o_hdr ) {
+			op->o_tmpfree( e->e_nname.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			op->o_tmpfree( e->e_name.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			op->o_tmpfree( e, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		} else {
+			ch_free( e->e_nname.bv_val );
+			ch_free( e->e_name.bv_val );
+			ch_free( e );
+		}
+	} else {
+		entry_free( e );
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int mdb_entry_release(
+	Operation *op,
+	Entry *e,
+	int rw )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	struct mdb_op_info *moi = NULL;
+ 
+	/* slapMode : SLAP_SERVER_MODE, SLAP_TOOL_MODE,
+			SLAP_TRUNCATE_MODE, SLAP_UNDEFINED_MODE */
+ 
+	int release = 1;
+	if ( slapMode & SLAP_SERVER_MODE ) {
+		OpExtra *oex;
+		LDAP_SLIST_FOREACH( oex, &op->o_extra, oe_next ) {
+			release = 0;
+			if ( oex->oe_key == mdb ) {
+				mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+				moi = (mdb_op_info *)oex;
+				/* If it was setup by entry_get we should probably free it */
+				if ( moi->moi_flag & MOI_FREEIT ) {
+					moi->moi_ref--;
+					if ( moi->moi_ref < 1 ) {
+						mdb_txn_reset( moi->moi_txn );
+						moi->moi_ref = 0;
+						LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &moi->moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+						op->o_tmpfree( moi, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+					}
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (release)
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+ 
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* return LDAP_SUCCESS IFF we can retrieve the specified entry.
+ */
+int mdb_entry_get(
+	Operation *op,
+	struct berval *ndn,
+	ObjectClass *oc,
+	AttributeDescription *at,
+	int rw,
+	Entry **ent )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	struct mdb_op_info *moi = NULL;
+	MDB_txn *txn = NULL;
+	Entry *e = NULL;
+	int	rc;
+	const char *at_name = at ? at->ad_cname.bv_val : "(null)";
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+		"=> mdb_entry_get: ndn: \"%s\"\n", ndn->bv_val, 0, 0 ); 
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+		"=> mdb_entry_get: oc: \"%s\", at: \"%s\"\n",
+		oc ? oc->soc_cname.bv_val : "(null)", at_name, 0);
+
+	rc = mdb_opinfo_get( op, mdb, rw == 0, &moi );
+	if ( rc )
+		return LDAP_OTHER;
+	txn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	/* can we find entry */
+	rc = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, NULL, ndn, &e, NULL, 0 );
+	switch( rc ) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	default:
+		return (rc != LDAP_BUSY) ? LDAP_OTHER : LDAP_BUSY;
+	}
+	if (e == NULL) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ACL,
+			"=> mdb_entry_get: cannot find entry: \"%s\"\n",
+				ndn->bv_val, 0, 0 ); 
+		rc = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ACL,
+		"=> mdb_entry_get: found entry: \"%s\"\n",
+		ndn->bv_val, 0, 0 ); 
+
+	if ( oc && !is_entry_objectclass( e, oc, 0 )) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ACL,
+			"<= mdb_entry_get: failed to find objectClass %s\n",
+			oc->soc_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 ); 
+		rc = LDAP_NO_SUCH_ATTRIBUTE;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* NOTE: attr_find() or attrs_find()? */
+	if ( at && attr_find( e->e_attrs, at ) == NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ACL,
+			"<= mdb_entry_get: failed to find attribute %s\n",
+			at->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 ); 
+		rc = LDAP_NO_SUCH_ATTRIBUTE;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+return_results:
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		/* free entry */
+		mdb_entry_release( op, e, rw );
+	} else {
+		*ent = e;
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		"mdb_entry_get: rc=%d\n",
+		rc, 0, 0 ); 
+	return(rc);
+}
+
+static void
+mdb_reader_free( void *key, void *data )
+{
+	MDB_txn *txn = data;
+
+	if ( txn ) mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+}
+
+/* free up any keys used by the main thread */
+void
+mdb_reader_flush( MDB_env *env )
+{
+	void *data;
+	void *ctx = ldap_pvt_thread_pool_context();
+
+	if ( !ldap_pvt_thread_pool_getkey( ctx, env, &data, NULL ) ) {
+		ldap_pvt_thread_pool_setkey( ctx, env, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL );
+		mdb_reader_free( env, data );
+	}
+}
+
+extern MDB_txn *mdb_tool_txn;
+
+int
+mdb_opinfo_get( Operation *op, struct mdb_info *mdb, int rdonly, mdb_op_info **moip )
+{
+	int rc, renew = 0;
+	void *data;
+	void *ctx;
+	mdb_op_info *moi = NULL;
+	OpExtra *oex;
+
+	assert( op != NULL );
+
+	if ( !mdb || !moip ) return -1;
+
+	/* If no op was provided, try to find the ctx anyway... */
+	if ( op ) {
+		ctx = op->o_threadctx;
+	} else {
+		ctx = ldap_pvt_thread_pool_context();
+	}
+
+	if ( op ) {
+		LDAP_SLIST_FOREACH( oex, &op->o_extra, oe_next ) {
+			if ( oex->oe_key == mdb ) break;
+		}
+		moi = (mdb_op_info *)oex;
+	}
+
+	if ( !moi ) {
+		moi = *moip;
+
+		if ( !moi ) {
+			if ( op ) {
+				moi = op->o_tmpalloc(sizeof(struct mdb_op_info),op->o_tmpmemctx);
+			} else {
+				moi = ch_malloc(sizeof(mdb_op_info));
+			}
+			moi->moi_flag = MOI_FREEIT;
+			*moip = moi;
+		}
+		LDAP_SLIST_INSERT_HEAD( &op->o_extra, &moi->moi_oe, oe_next );
+		moi->moi_oe.oe_key = mdb;
+		moi->moi_ref = 0;
+		moi->moi_txn = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if ( !rdonly ) {
+		/* This op started as a reader, but now wants to write. */
+		if ( moi->moi_flag & MOI_READER ) {
+			moi = *moip;
+			LDAP_SLIST_INSERT_HEAD( &op->o_extra, &moi->moi_oe, oe_next );
+		} else {
+		/* This op is continuing an existing write txn */
+			*moip = moi;
+		}
+		moi->moi_ref++;
+		if ( !moi->moi_txn ) {
+			if (( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_MODE ) && mdb_tool_txn ) {
+				moi->moi_txn = mdb_tool_txn;
+			} else {
+				rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, 0, &moi->moi_txn );
+				if (rc) {
+					Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_opinfo_get: err %s(%d)\n",
+						mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+				}
+				return rc;
+			}
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* OK, this is a reader */
+	if ( !moi->moi_txn ) {
+		if (( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_MODE ) && mdb_tool_txn ) {
+			moi->moi_txn = mdb_tool_txn;
+			goto ok;
+		}
+		if ( !ctx ) {
+			/* Shouldn't happen unless we're single-threaded */
+			rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, MDB_RDONLY, &moi->moi_txn );
+			if (rc) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_opinfo_get: err %s(%d)\n",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+			}
+			return rc;
+		}
+		if ( ldap_pvt_thread_pool_getkey( ctx, mdb->mi_dbenv, &data, NULL ) ) {
+			rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, MDB_RDONLY, &moi->moi_txn );
+			if (rc) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_opinfo_get: err %s(%d)\n",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+				return rc;
+			}
+			data = moi->moi_txn;
+			if ( ( rc = ldap_pvt_thread_pool_setkey( ctx, mdb->mi_dbenv,
+				data, mdb_reader_free, NULL, NULL ) ) ) {
+				mdb_txn_abort( moi->moi_txn );
+				moi->moi_txn = NULL;
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_opinfo_get: thread_pool_setkey failed err (%d)\n",
+					rc, 0, 0 );
+				return rc;
+			}
+		} else {
+			moi->moi_txn = data;
+			renew = 1;
+		}
+		moi->moi_flag |= MOI_READER;
+	}
+ok:
+	if ( moi->moi_ref < 1 ) {
+		moi->moi_ref = 0;
+	}
+	if ( renew ) {
+		rc = mdb_txn_renew( moi->moi_txn );
+		assert(!rc);
+	}
+	moi->moi_ref++;
+	if ( *moip != moi )
+		*moip = moi;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Count up the sizes of the components of an entry */
+static int mdb_entry_partsize(struct mdb_info *mdb, MDB_txn *txn, Entry *e,
+	Ecount *eh)
+{
+	ber_len_t len;
+	int i, nat = 0, nval = 0, nnval = 0;
+	Attribute *a;
+
+	len = 4*sizeof(int);	/* nattrs, nvals, ocflags, offset */
+	for (a=e->e_attrs; a; a=a->a_next) {
+		/* For AttributeDesc, we only store the attr index */
+		nat++;
+		if (a->a_desc->ad_index >= MDB_MAXADS) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_entry_partsize: too many AttributeDescriptions used\n",
+				0, 0, 0 );
+			return LDAP_OTHER;
+		}
+		if (!mdb->mi_adxs[a->a_desc->ad_index]) {
+			int rc = mdb_ad_get(mdb, txn, a->a_desc);
+			if (rc)
+				return rc;
+		}
+		len += 2*sizeof(int);	/* AD index, numvals */
+		nval += a->a_numvals + 1;	/* empty berval at end */
+		for (i=0; i<a->a_numvals; i++) {
+			len += a->a_vals[i].bv_len + 1 + sizeof(int);	/* len */
+		}
+		if (a->a_nvals != a->a_vals) {
+			nval += a->a_numvals + 1;
+			nnval++;
+			for (i=0; i<a->a_numvals; i++) {
+				len += a->a_nvals[i].bv_len + 1 + sizeof(int);;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	/* padding */
+	len = (len + sizeof(ID)-1) & ~(sizeof(ID)-1);
+	eh->len = len;
+	eh->nattrs = nat;
+	eh->nvals = nval;
+	eh->offset = nat + nval - nnval;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define HIGH_BIT (1<<(sizeof(unsigned int)*CHAR_BIT-1))
+
+/* Flatten an Entry into a buffer. The buffer starts with the count of the
+ * number of attributes in the entry, the total number of values in the
+ * entry, and the e_ocflags. It then contains a list of integers for each
+ * attribute. For each attribute the first integer gives the index of the
+ * matching AttributeDescription, followed by the number of values in the
+ * attribute. If the high bit of the attr index is set, the attribute's
+ * values are already sorted.
+ * If the high bit of numvals is set, the attribute also has normalized
+ * values present. (Note - a_numvals is an unsigned int, so this means
+ * it's possible to receive an attribute that we can't encode due to size
+ * overflow. In practice, this should not be an issue.) Then the length
+ * of each value is listed. If there are normalized values, their lengths
+ * come next. This continues for each attribute. After all of the lengths
+ * for the last attribute, the actual values are copied, with a NUL
+ * terminator after each value. The buffer is padded to the sizeof(ID).
+ * The entire buffer size is precomputed so that a single malloc can be
+ * performed.
+ */
+static int mdb_entry_encode(Operation *op, Entry *e, MDB_val *data, Ecount *eh)
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	ber_len_t i;
+	Attribute *a;
+	unsigned char *ptr;
+	unsigned int *lp, l;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> mdb_entry_encode(0x%08lx): %s\n",
+		(long) e->e_id, e->e_dn, 0 );
+
+	/* make sure e->e_ocflags is set */
+	if (is_entry_referral(e))
+		;	/* empty */
+
+	lp = (unsigned int *)data->mv_data;
+	*lp++ = eh->nattrs;
+	*lp++ = eh->nvals;
+	*lp++ = (unsigned int)e->e_ocflags;
+	*lp++ = eh->offset;
+	ptr = (unsigned char *)(lp + eh->offset);
+
+	for (a=e->e_attrs; a; a=a->a_next) {
+		if (!a->a_desc->ad_index)
+			return LDAP_UNDEFINED_TYPE;
+		l = mdb->mi_adxs[a->a_desc->ad_index];
+		if (a->a_flags & SLAP_ATTR_SORTED_VALS)
+			l |= HIGH_BIT;
+		*lp++ = l;
+		l = a->a_numvals;
+		if (a->a_nvals != a->a_vals)
+			l |= HIGH_BIT;
+		*lp++ = l;
+		if (a->a_vals) {
+			for (i=0; a->a_vals[i].bv_val; i++);
+			assert( i == a->a_numvals );
+			for (i=0; i<a->a_numvals; i++) {
+				*lp++ = a->a_vals[i].bv_len;
+				memcpy(ptr, a->a_vals[i].bv_val,
+					a->a_vals[i].bv_len);
+				ptr += a->a_vals[i].bv_len;
+				*ptr++ = '\0';
+			}
+			if (a->a_nvals != a->a_vals) {
+				for (i=0; i<a->a_numvals; i++) {
+					*lp++ = a->a_nvals[i].bv_len;
+					memcpy(ptr, a->a_nvals[i].bv_val,
+						a->a_nvals[i].bv_len);
+					ptr += a->a_nvals[i].bv_len;
+					*ptr++ = '\0';
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_entry_encode(0x%08lx): %s\n",
+		(long) e->e_id, e->e_dn, 0 );
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Retrieve an Entry that was stored using entry_encode above.
+ *
+ * Note: everything is stored in a single contiguous block, so
+ * you can not free individual attributes or names from this
+ * structure. Attempting to do so will likely corrupt memory.
+ */
+
+int mdb_entry_decode(Operation *op, MDB_txn *txn, MDB_val *data, Entry **e)
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	int i, j, nattrs, nvals;
+	int rc;
+	Attribute *a;
+	Entry *x;
+	const char *text;
+	unsigned int *lp = (unsigned int *)data->mv_data;
+	unsigned char *ptr;
+	BerVarray bptr;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		"=> mdb_entry_decode:\n",
+		0, 0, 0 );
+
+	nattrs = *lp++;
+	nvals = *lp++;
+	x = mdb_entry_alloc(op, nattrs, nvals);
+	x->e_ocflags = *lp++;
+	if (!nvals) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+	a = x->e_attrs;
+	bptr = a->a_vals;
+	i = *lp++;
+	ptr = (unsigned char *)(lp + i);
+
+	for (;nattrs>0; nattrs--) {
+		int have_nval = 0;
+		a->a_flags = SLAP_ATTR_DONT_FREE_DATA | SLAP_ATTR_DONT_FREE_VALS;
+		i = *lp++;
+		if (i & HIGH_BIT) {
+			i ^= HIGH_BIT;
+			a->a_flags |= SLAP_ATTR_SORTED_VALS;
+		}
+		if (i > mdb->mi_numads) {
+			rc = mdb_ad_read(mdb, txn);
+			if (rc)
+				return rc;
+			if (i > mdb->mi_numads) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+					"mdb_entry_decode: attribute index %d not recognized\n",
+					i, 0, 0 );
+				return LDAP_OTHER;
+			}
+		}
+		a->a_desc = mdb->mi_ads[i];
+		a->a_numvals = *lp++;
+		if (a->a_numvals & HIGH_BIT) {
+			a->a_numvals ^= HIGH_BIT;
+			have_nval = 1;
+		}
+		a->a_vals = bptr;
+		for (i=0; i<a->a_numvals; i++) {
+			bptr->bv_len = *lp++;;
+			bptr->bv_val = (char *)ptr;
+			ptr += bptr->bv_len+1;
+			bptr++;
+		}
+		bptr->bv_val = NULL;
+		bptr->bv_len = 0;
+		bptr++;
+
+		if (have_nval) {
+			a->a_nvals = bptr;
+			for (i=0; i<a->a_numvals; i++) {
+				bptr->bv_len = *lp++;
+				bptr->bv_val = (char *)ptr;
+				ptr += bptr->bv_len+1;
+				bptr++;
+			}
+			bptr->bv_val = NULL;
+			bptr->bv_len = 0;
+			bptr++;
+		} else {
+			a->a_nvals = a->a_vals;
+		}
+		/* FIXME: This is redundant once a sorted entry is saved into the DB */
+		if (( a->a_desc->ad_type->sat_flags & SLAP_AT_SORTED_VAL )
+			&& !(a->a_flags & SLAP_ATTR_SORTED_VALS)) {
+			rc = slap_sort_vals( (Modifications *)a, &text, &j, NULL );
+			if ( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				a->a_flags |= SLAP_ATTR_SORTED_VALS;
+			} else if ( rc == LDAP_TYPE_OR_VALUE_EXISTS ) {
+				/* should never happen */
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+					"mdb_entry_decode: attributeType %s value #%d provided more than once\n",
+					a->a_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, j, 0 );
+				return rc;
+			}
+		}
+		a->a_next = a+1;
+		a = a->a_next;
+	}
+	a[-1].a_next = NULL;
+done:
+
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_entry_decode\n",
+		0, 0, 0 );
+	*e = x;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/idl.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/idl.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b297ec8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/idl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1255 @@
+/* idl.c - ldap id list handling routines */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "idl.h"
+
+#define IDL_MAX(x,y)	( (x) > (y) ? (x) : (y) )
+#define IDL_MIN(x,y)	( (x) < (y) ? (x) : (y) )
+#define IDL_CMP(x,y)	( (x) < (y) ? -1 : (x) > (y) )
+
+#if IDL_DEBUG > 0
+static void idl_check( ID *ids )
+{
+	if( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids ) ) {
+		assert( MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST(ids) <= MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST(ids) );
+	} else {
+		ID i;
+		for( i=1; i < ids[0]; i++ ) {
+			assert( ids[i+1] > ids[i] );
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#if IDL_DEBUG > 1
+static void idl_dump( ID *ids )
+{
+	if( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids ) ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"IDL: range ( %ld - %ld )\n",
+			(long) MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST( ids ),
+			(long) MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST( ids ) );
+
+	} else {
+		ID i;
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "IDL: size %ld", (long) ids[0], 0, 0 );
+
+		for( i=1; i<=ids[0]; i++ ) {
+			if( i % 16 == 1 ) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+			}
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "  %02lx", (long) ids[i], 0, 0 );
+		}
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+	}
+
+	idl_check( ids );
+}
+#endif /* IDL_DEBUG > 1 */
+#endif /* IDL_DEBUG > 0 */
+
+unsigned mdb_idl_search( ID *ids, ID id )
+{
+#define IDL_BINARY_SEARCH 1
+#ifdef IDL_BINARY_SEARCH
+	/*
+	 * binary search of id in ids
+	 * if found, returns position of id
+	 * if not found, returns first postion greater than id
+	 */
+	unsigned base = 0;
+	unsigned cursor = 1;
+	int val = 0;
+	unsigned n = ids[0];
+
+#if IDL_DEBUG > 0
+	idl_check( ids );
+#endif
+
+	while( 0 < n ) {
+		unsigned pivot = n >> 1;
+		cursor = base + pivot + 1;
+		val = IDL_CMP( id, ids[cursor] );
+
+		if( val < 0 ) {
+			n = pivot;
+
+		} else if ( val > 0 ) {
+			base = cursor;
+			n -= pivot + 1;
+
+		} else {
+			return cursor;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	if( val > 0 ) {
+		++cursor;
+	}
+	return cursor;
+
+#else
+	/* (reverse) linear search */
+	int i;
+
+#if IDL_DEBUG > 0
+	idl_check( ids );
+#endif
+
+	for( i=ids[0]; i; i-- ) {
+		if( id > ids[i] ) {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return i+1;
+#endif
+}
+
+int mdb_idl_insert( ID *ids, ID id )
+{
+	unsigned x;
+
+#if IDL_DEBUG > 1
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "insert: %04lx at %d\n", (long) id, x, 0 );
+	idl_dump( ids );
+#elif IDL_DEBUG > 0
+	idl_check( ids );
+#endif
+
+	if (MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids )) {
+		/* if already in range, treat as a dup */
+		if (id >= MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST(ids) && id <= MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST(ids))
+			return -1;
+		if (id < MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST(ids))
+			ids[1] = id;
+		else if (id > MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST(ids))
+			ids[2] = id;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	x = mdb_idl_search( ids, id );
+	assert( x > 0 );
+
+	if( x < 1 ) {
+		/* internal error */
+		return -2;
+	}
+
+	if ( x <= ids[0] && ids[x] == id ) {
+		/* duplicate */
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if ( ++ids[0] >= MDB_IDL_DB_MAX ) {
+		if( id < ids[1] ) {
+			ids[1] = id;
+			ids[2] = ids[ids[0]-1];
+		} else if ( ids[ids[0]-1] < id ) {
+			ids[2] = id;
+		} else {
+			ids[2] = ids[ids[0]-1];
+		}
+		ids[0] = NOID;
+	
+	} else {
+		/* insert id */
+		AC_MEMCPY( &ids[x+1], &ids[x], (ids[0]-x) * sizeof(ID) );
+		ids[x] = id;
+	}
+
+#if IDL_DEBUG > 1
+	idl_dump( ids );
+#elif IDL_DEBUG > 0
+	idl_check( ids );
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mdb_idl_delete( ID *ids, ID id )
+{
+	unsigned x;
+
+#if IDL_DEBUG > 1
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "delete: %04lx at %d\n", (long) id, x, 0 );
+	idl_dump( ids );
+#elif IDL_DEBUG > 0
+	idl_check( ids );
+#endif
+
+	if (MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids )) {
+		/* If deleting a range boundary, adjust */
+		if ( ids[1] == id )
+			ids[1]++;
+		else if ( ids[2] == id )
+			ids[2]--;
+		/* deleting from inside a range is a no-op */
+
+		/* If the range has collapsed, re-adjust */
+		if ( ids[1] > ids[2] )
+			ids[0] = 0;
+		else if ( ids[1] == ids[2] )
+			ids[1] = 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	x = mdb_idl_search( ids, id );
+	assert( x > 0 );
+
+	if( x <= 0 ) {
+		/* internal error */
+		return -2;
+	}
+
+	if( x > ids[0] || ids[x] != id ) {
+		/* not found */
+		return -1;
+
+	} else if ( --ids[0] == 0 ) {
+		if( x != 1 ) {
+			return -3;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		AC_MEMCPY( &ids[x], &ids[x+1], (1+ids[0]-x) * sizeof(ID) );
+	}
+
+#if IDL_DEBUG > 1
+	idl_dump( ids );
+#elif IDL_DEBUG > 0
+	idl_check( ids );
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static char *
+mdb_show_key(
+	char		*buf,
+	void		*val,
+	size_t		len )
+{
+	if ( len == 4 /* LUTIL_HASH_BYTES */ ) {
+		unsigned char *c = val;
+		sprintf( buf, "[%02x%02x%02x%02x]", c[0], c[1], c[2], c[3] );
+		return buf;
+	} else {
+		return val;
+	}
+}
+
+int
+mdb_idl_fetch_key(
+	BackendDB	*be,
+	MDB_txn		*txn,
+	MDB_dbi		dbi,
+	MDB_val		*key,
+	ID			*ids,
+	MDB_cursor	**saved_cursor,
+	int			get_flag )
+{
+	MDB_val data, key2, *kptr;
+	MDB_cursor *cursor;
+	ID *i;
+	size_t len;
+	int rc;
+	MDB_cursor_op opflag;
+
+	char keybuf[16];
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+		"mdb_idl_fetch_key: %s\n", 
+		mdb_show_key( keybuf, key->mv_data, key->mv_size ), 0, 0 );
+
+	assert( ids != NULL );
+
+	if ( saved_cursor && *saved_cursor ) {
+		opflag = MDB_NEXT;
+	} else if ( get_flag == LDAP_FILTER_GE ) {
+		opflag = MDB_SET_RANGE;
+	} else if ( get_flag == LDAP_FILTER_LE ) {
+		opflag = MDB_FIRST;
+	} else {
+		opflag = MDB_SET;
+	}
+
+	/* If we're not reusing an existing cursor, get a new one */
+	if( opflag != MDB_NEXT ) {
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, dbi, &cursor );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "=> mdb_idl_fetch_key: "
+				"cursor failed: %s (%d)\n", mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+			return rc;
+		}
+	} else {
+		cursor = *saved_cursor;
+	}
+	
+	/* If this is a LE lookup, save original key so we can determine
+	 * when to stop. If this is a GE lookup, save the key since it
+	 * will be overwritten.
+	 */
+	if ( get_flag == LDAP_FILTER_LE || get_flag == LDAP_FILTER_GE ) {
+		key2.mv_data = keybuf;
+		key2.mv_size = key->mv_size;
+		AC_MEMCPY( keybuf, key->mv_data, key->mv_size );
+		kptr = &key2;
+	} else {
+		kptr = key;
+	}
+	len = key->mv_size;
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, kptr, &data, opflag );
+
+	/* skip presence key on range inequality lookups */
+	while (rc == 0 && kptr->mv_size != len) {
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, kptr, &data, MDB_NEXT_NODUP );
+	}
+	/* If we're doing a LE compare and the new key is greater than
+	 * our search key, we're done
+	 */
+	if (rc == 0 && get_flag == LDAP_FILTER_LE && memcmp( kptr->mv_data,
+		key->mv_data, key->mv_size ) > 0 ) {
+		rc = MDB_NOTFOUND;
+	}
+	if (rc == 0) {
+		i = ids+1;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, key, &data, MDB_GET_MULTIPLE );
+		while (rc == 0) {
+			memcpy( i, data.mv_data, data.mv_size );
+			i += data.mv_size / sizeof(ID);
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, key, &data, MDB_NEXT_MULTIPLE );
+		}
+		if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) rc = 0;
+		ids[0] = i - &ids[1];
+		/* On disk, a range is denoted by 0 in the first element */
+		if (ids[1] == 0) {
+			if (ids[0] != MDB_IDL_RANGE_SIZE) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "=> mdb_idl_fetch_key: "
+					"range size mismatch: expected %d, got %ld\n",
+					MDB_IDL_RANGE_SIZE, ids[0], 0 );
+				mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+				return -1;
+			}
+			MDB_IDL_RANGE( ids, ids[2], ids[3] );
+		}
+		data.mv_size = MDB_IDL_SIZEOF(ids);
+	}
+
+	if ( saved_cursor && rc == 0 ) {
+		if ( !*saved_cursor )
+			*saved_cursor = cursor;
+	}
+	else
+		mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+
+	if( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		return rc;
+
+	} else if( rc != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "=> mdb_idl_fetch_key: "
+			"get failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+		return rc;
+
+	} else if ( data.mv_size == 0 || data.mv_size % sizeof( ID ) ) {
+		/* size not multiple of ID size */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "=> mdb_idl_fetch_key: "
+			"odd size: expected %ld multiple, got %ld\n",
+			(long) sizeof( ID ), (long) data.mv_size, 0 );
+		return -1;
+
+	} else if ( data.mv_size != MDB_IDL_SIZEOF(ids) ) {
+		/* size mismatch */
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "=> mdb_idl_fetch_key: "
+			"get size mismatch: expected %ld, got %ld\n",
+			(long) ((1 + ids[0]) * sizeof( ID )), (long) data.mv_size, 0 );
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_idl_insert_keys(
+	BackendDB	*be,
+	MDB_cursor	*cursor,
+	struct berval *keys,
+	ID			id )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = be->be_private;
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	ID lo, hi, *i;
+	char *err;
+	int	rc = 0, k;
+	unsigned int flag = MDB_NODUPDATA;
+#ifndef	MISALIGNED_OK
+	int kbuf[2];
+#endif
+
+	{
+		char buf[16];
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+			"mdb_idl_insert_keys: %lx %s\n", 
+			(long) id, mdb_show_key( buf, keys->bv_val, keys->bv_len ), 0 );
+	}
+
+	assert( id != NOID );
+
+#ifndef MISALIGNED_OK
+	if (keys[0].bv_len & ALIGNER)
+		kbuf[1] = 0;
+#endif
+	for ( k=0; keys[k].bv_val; k++ ) {
+	/* Fetch the first data item for this key, to see if it
+	 * exists and if it's a range.
+	 */
+#ifndef MISALIGNED_OK
+	if (keys[k].bv_len & ALIGNER) {
+		key.mv_size = sizeof(kbuf);
+		key.mv_data = kbuf;
+		memcpy(key.mv_data, keys[k].bv_val, keys[k].bv_len);
+	} else
+#endif
+	{
+		key.mv_size = keys[k].bv_len;
+		key.mv_data = keys[k].bv_val;
+	}
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+	err = "c_get";
+	if ( rc == 0 ) {
+		i = data.mv_data;
+		memcpy(&lo, data.mv_data, sizeof(ID));
+		if ( lo != 0 ) {
+			/* not a range, count the number of items */
+			size_t count;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_count( cursor, &count );
+			if ( rc != 0 ) {
+				err = "c_count";
+				goto fail;
+			}
+			if ( count >= MDB_IDL_DB_MAX ) {
+			/* No room, convert to a range */
+				lo = *i;
+				rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_LAST_DUP );
+				if ( rc != 0 && rc != MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+					err = "c_get last_dup";
+					goto fail;
+				}
+				i = data.mv_data;
+				hi = *i;
+				/* Update hi/lo if needed */
+				if ( id < lo ) {
+					lo = id;
+				} else if ( id > hi ) {
+					hi = id;
+				}
+				/* delete the old key */
+				rc = mdb_cursor_del( cursor, MDB_NODUPDATA );
+				if ( rc != 0 ) {
+					err = "c_del dups";
+					goto fail;
+				}
+				/* Store the range */
+				data.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+				data.mv_data = &id;
+				id = 0;
+				rc = mdb_cursor_put( cursor, &key, &data, 0 );
+				if ( rc != 0 ) {
+					err = "c_put range";
+					goto fail;
+				}
+				id = lo;
+				rc = mdb_cursor_put( cursor, &key, &data, 0 );
+				if ( rc != 0 ) {
+					err = "c_put lo";
+					goto fail;
+				}
+				id = hi;
+				rc = mdb_cursor_put( cursor, &key, &data, 0 );
+				if ( rc != 0 ) {
+					err = "c_put hi";
+					goto fail;
+				}
+			} else {
+			/* There's room, just store it */
+				if (id == mdb->mi_nextid)
+					flag |= MDB_APPENDDUP;
+				goto put1;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* It's a range, see if we need to rewrite
+			 * the boundaries
+			 */
+			lo = i[1];
+			hi = i[2];
+			if ( id < lo || id > hi ) {
+				/* position on lo */
+				rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT_DUP );
+				if ( rc != 0 ) {
+					err = "c_get lo";
+					goto fail;
+				}
+				if ( id > hi ) {
+					/* position on hi */
+					rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT_DUP );
+					if ( rc != 0 ) {
+						err = "c_get hi";
+						goto fail;
+					}
+				}
+				data.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+				data.mv_data = &id;
+				/* Replace the current lo/hi */
+				rc = mdb_cursor_put( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_CURRENT );
+				if ( rc != 0 ) {
+					err = "c_put lo/hi";
+					goto fail;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	} else if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		flag &= ~MDB_APPENDDUP;
+put1:	data.mv_data = &id;
+		data.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+		rc = mdb_cursor_put( cursor, &key, &data, flag );
+		/* Don't worry if it's already there */
+		if ( rc == MDB_KEYEXIST )
+			rc = 0;
+		if ( rc ) {
+			err = "c_put id";
+			goto fail;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* initial c_get failed, nothing was done */
+fail:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "=> mdb_idl_insert_keys: "
+			"%s failed: %s (%d)\n", err, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		break;
+	}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_idl_delete_keys(
+	BackendDB	*be,
+	MDB_cursor	*cursor,
+	struct berval *keys,
+	ID			id )
+{
+	int	rc = 0, k;
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	ID lo, hi, tmp, *i;
+	char *err;
+#ifndef	MISALIGNED_OK
+	int kbuf[2];
+#endif
+
+	{
+		char buf[16];
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+			"mdb_idl_delete_keys: %lx %s\n", 
+			(long) id, mdb_show_key( buf, keys->bv_val, keys->bv_len ), 0 );
+	}
+	assert( id != NOID );
+
+#ifndef MISALIGNED_OK
+	if (keys[0].bv_len & ALIGNER)
+		kbuf[1] = 0;
+#endif
+	for ( k=0; keys[k].bv_val; k++) {
+	/* Fetch the first data item for this key, to see if it
+	 * exists and if it's a range.
+	 */
+#ifndef MISALIGNED_OK
+	if (keys[k].bv_len & ALIGNER) {
+		key.mv_size = sizeof(kbuf);
+		key.mv_data = kbuf;
+		memcpy(key.mv_data, keys[k].bv_val, keys[k].bv_len);
+	} else
+#endif
+	{
+		key.mv_size = keys[k].bv_len;
+		key.mv_data = keys[k].bv_val;
+	}
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+	err = "c_get";
+	if ( rc == 0 ) {
+		memcpy( &tmp, data.mv_data, sizeof(ID) );
+		i = data.mv_data;
+		if ( tmp != 0 ) {
+			/* Not a range, just delete it */
+			data.mv_data = &id;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH );
+			if ( rc != 0 ) {
+				err = "c_get id";
+				goto fail;
+			}
+			rc = mdb_cursor_del( cursor, 0 );
+			if ( rc != 0 ) {
+				err = "c_del id";
+				goto fail;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* It's a range, see if we need to rewrite
+			 * the boundaries
+			 */
+			lo = i[1];
+			hi = i[2];
+			if ( id == lo || id == hi ) {
+				ID lo2 = lo, hi2 = hi;
+				if ( id == lo ) {
+					lo2++;
+				} else if ( id == hi ) {
+					hi2--;
+				}
+				if ( lo2 >= hi2 ) {
+				/* The range has collapsed... */
+					rc = mdb_cursor_del( cursor, MDB_NODUPDATA );
+					if ( rc != 0 ) {
+						err = "c_del dup";
+						goto fail;
+					}
+				} else {
+					/* position on lo */
+					rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT_DUP );
+					if ( id == lo )
+						data.mv_data = &lo2;
+					else {
+						/* position on hi */
+						rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT_DUP );
+						data.mv_data = &hi2;
+					}
+					/* Replace the current lo/hi */
+					data.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+					rc = mdb_cursor_put( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_CURRENT );
+					if ( rc != 0 ) {
+						err = "c_put lo/hi";
+						goto fail;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* initial c_get failed, nothing was done */
+fail:
+		if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND )
+			rc = 0;
+		if ( rc ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "=> mdb_idl_delete_key: "
+				"%s failed: %s (%d)\n", err, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * idl_intersection - return a = a intersection b
+ */
+int
+mdb_idl_intersection(
+	ID *a,
+	ID *b )
+{
+	ID ida, idb;
+	ID idmax, idmin;
+	ID cursora = 0, cursorb = 0, cursorc;
+	int swap = 0;
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( a ) || MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( b ) ) {
+		a[0] = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	idmin = IDL_MAX( MDB_IDL_FIRST(a), MDB_IDL_FIRST(b) );
+	idmax = IDL_MIN( MDB_IDL_LAST(a), MDB_IDL_LAST(b) );
+	if ( idmin > idmax ) {
+		a[0] = 0;
+		return 0;
+	} else if ( idmin == idmax ) {
+		a[0] = 1;
+		a[1] = idmin;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( a ) ) {
+		if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(b) ) {
+		/* If both are ranges, just shrink the boundaries */
+			a[1] = idmin;
+			a[2] = idmax;
+			return 0;
+		} else {
+		/* Else swap so that b is the range, a is a list */
+			ID *tmp = a;
+			a = b;
+			b = tmp;
+			swap = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* If a range completely covers the list, the result is
+	 * just the list.
+	 */
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( b )
+		&& MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST( b ) <= MDB_IDL_FIRST( a )
+		&& MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST( b ) >= MDB_IDL_LLAST( a ) ) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* Fine, do the intersection one element at a time.
+	 * First advance to idmin in both IDLs.
+	 */
+	cursora = cursorb = idmin;
+	ida = mdb_idl_first( a, &cursora );
+	idb = mdb_idl_first( b, &cursorb );
+	cursorc = 0;
+
+	while( ida <= idmax || idb <= idmax ) {
+		if( ida == idb ) {
+			a[++cursorc] = ida;
+			ida = mdb_idl_next( a, &cursora );
+			idb = mdb_idl_next( b, &cursorb );
+		} else if ( ida < idb ) {
+			ida = mdb_idl_next( a, &cursora );
+		} else {
+			idb = mdb_idl_next( b, &cursorb );
+		}
+	}
+	a[0] = cursorc;
+done:
+	if (swap)
+		MDB_IDL_CPY( b, a );
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * idl_union - return a = a union b
+ */
+int
+mdb_idl_union(
+	ID	*a,
+	ID	*b )
+{
+	ID ida, idb;
+	ID cursora = 0, cursorb = 0, cursorc;
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( b ) ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( a ) ) {
+		MDB_IDL_CPY( a, b );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( a ) || MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(b) ) {
+over:		ida = IDL_MIN( MDB_IDL_FIRST(a), MDB_IDL_FIRST(b) );
+		idb = IDL_MAX( MDB_IDL_LAST(a), MDB_IDL_LAST(b) );
+		a[0] = NOID;
+		a[1] = ida;
+		a[2] = idb;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ida = mdb_idl_first( a, &cursora );
+	idb = mdb_idl_first( b, &cursorb );
+
+	cursorc = b[0];
+
+	/* The distinct elements of a are cat'd to b */
+	while( ida != NOID || idb != NOID ) {
+		if ( ida < idb ) {
+			if( ++cursorc > MDB_IDL_UM_MAX ) {
+				goto over;
+			}
+			b[cursorc] = ida;
+			ida = mdb_idl_next( a, &cursora );
+
+		} else {
+			if ( ida == idb )
+				ida = mdb_idl_next( a, &cursora );
+			idb = mdb_idl_next( b, &cursorb );
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* b is copied back to a in sorted order */
+	a[0] = cursorc;
+	cursora = 1;
+	cursorb = 1;
+	cursorc = b[0]+1;
+	while (cursorb <= b[0] || cursorc <= a[0]) {
+		if (cursorc > a[0])
+			idb = NOID;
+		else
+			idb = b[cursorc];
+		if (cursorb <= b[0] && b[cursorb] < idb)
+			a[cursora++] = b[cursorb++];
+		else {
+			a[cursora++] = idb;
+			cursorc++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+#if 0
+/*
+ * mdb_idl_notin - return a intersection ~b (or a minus b)
+ */
+int
+mdb_idl_notin(
+	ID	*a,
+	ID	*b,
+	ID *ids )
+{
+	ID ida, idb;
+	ID cursora = 0, cursorb = 0;
+
+	if( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( a ) ||
+		MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( b ) ||
+		MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( b ) )
+	{
+		MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, a );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( a ) ) {
+		MDB_IDL_CPY( ids, a );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ida = mdb_idl_first( a, &cursora ),
+	idb = mdb_idl_first( b, &cursorb );
+
+	ids[0] = 0;
+
+	while( ida != NOID ) {
+		if ( idb == NOID ) {
+			/* we could shortcut this */
+			ids[++ids[0]] = ida;
+			ida = mdb_idl_next( a, &cursora );
+
+		} else if ( ida < idb ) {
+			ids[++ids[0]] = ida;
+			ida = mdb_idl_next( a, &cursora );
+
+		} else if ( ida > idb ) {
+			idb = mdb_idl_next( b, &cursorb );
+
+		} else {
+			ida = mdb_idl_next( a, &cursora );
+			idb = mdb_idl_next( b, &cursorb );
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+ID mdb_idl_first( ID *ids, ID *cursor )
+{
+	ID pos;
+
+	if ( ids[0] == 0 ) {
+		*cursor = NOID;
+		return NOID;
+	}
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids ) ) {
+		if( *cursor < ids[1] ) {
+			*cursor = ids[1];
+		}
+		return *cursor;
+	}
+
+	if ( *cursor == 0 )
+		pos = 1;
+	else
+		pos = mdb_idl_search( ids, *cursor );
+
+	if( pos > ids[0] ) {
+		return NOID;
+	}
+
+	*cursor = pos;
+	return ids[pos];
+}
+
+ID mdb_idl_next( ID *ids, ID *cursor )
+{
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids ) ) {
+		if( ids[2] < ++(*cursor) ) {
+			return NOID;
+		}
+		return *cursor;
+	}
+
+	if ( ++(*cursor) <= ids[0] ) {
+		return ids[*cursor];
+	}
+
+	return NOID;
+}
+
+/* Add one ID to an unsorted list. We ensure that the first element is the
+ * minimum and the last element is the maximum, for fast range compaction.
+ *   this means IDLs up to length 3 are always sorted...
+ */
+int mdb_idl_append_one( ID *ids, ID id )
+{
+	if (MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids )) {
+		/* if already in range, treat as a dup */
+		if (id >= MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST(ids) && id <= MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST(ids))
+			return -1;
+		if (id < MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST(ids))
+			ids[1] = id;
+		else if (id > MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST(ids))
+			ids[2] = id;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if ( ids[0] ) {
+		ID tmp;
+
+		if (id < ids[1]) {
+			tmp = ids[1];
+			ids[1] = id;
+			id = tmp;
+		}
+		if ( ids[0] > 1 && id < ids[ids[0]] ) {
+			tmp = ids[ids[0]];
+			ids[ids[0]] = id;
+			id = tmp;
+		}
+	}
+	ids[0]++;
+	if ( ids[0] >= MDB_IDL_UM_MAX ) {
+		ids[0] = NOID;
+		ids[2] = id;
+	} else {
+		ids[ids[0]] = id;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Append sorted list b to sorted list a. The result is unsorted but
+ * a[1] is the min of the result and a[a[0]] is the max.
+ */
+int mdb_idl_append( ID *a, ID *b )
+{
+	ID ida, idb, tmp, swap = 0;
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( b ) ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( a ) ) {
+		MDB_IDL_CPY( a, b );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ida = MDB_IDL_LAST( a );
+	idb = MDB_IDL_LAST( b );
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( a ) || MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(b) ||
+		a[0] + b[0] >= MDB_IDL_UM_MAX ) {
+		a[2] = IDL_MAX( ida, idb );
+		a[1] = IDL_MIN( a[1], b[1] );
+		a[0] = NOID;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if ( b[0] > 1 && ida > idb ) {
+		swap = idb;
+		a[a[0]] = idb;
+		b[b[0]] = ida;
+	}
+
+	if ( b[1] < a[1] ) {
+		tmp = a[1];
+		a[1] = b[1];
+	} else {
+		tmp = b[1];
+	}
+	a[0]++;
+	a[a[0]] = tmp;
+
+	if ( b[0] > 1 ) {
+		int i = b[0] - 1;
+		AC_MEMCPY(a+a[0]+1, b+2, i * sizeof(ID));
+		a[0] += i;
+	}
+	if ( swap ) {
+		b[b[0]] = swap;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#if 1
+
+/* Quicksort + Insertion sort for small arrays */
+
+#define SMALL	8
+#define	SWAP(a,b)	itmp=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=itmp
+
+void
+mdb_idl_sort( ID *ids, ID *tmp )
+{
+	int *istack = (int *)tmp; /* Private stack, not used by caller */
+	int i,j,k,l,ir,jstack;
+	ID a, itmp;
+
+	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids ))
+		return;
+
+	ir = ids[0];
+	l = 1;
+	jstack = 0;
+	for(;;) {
+		if (ir - l < SMALL) {	/* Insertion sort */
+			for (j=l+1;j<=ir;j++) {
+				a = ids[j];
+				for (i=j-1;i>=1;i--) {
+					if (ids[i] <= a) break;
+					ids[i+1] = ids[i];
+				}
+				ids[i+1] = a;
+			}
+			if (jstack == 0) break;
+			ir = istack[jstack--];
+			l = istack[jstack--];
+		} else {
+			k = (l + ir) >> 1;	/* Choose median of left, center, right */
+			SWAP(ids[k], ids[l+1]);
+			if (ids[l] > ids[ir]) {
+				SWAP(ids[l], ids[ir]);
+			}
+			if (ids[l+1] > ids[ir]) {
+				SWAP(ids[l+1], ids[ir]);
+			}
+			if (ids[l] > ids[l+1]) {
+				SWAP(ids[l], ids[l+1]);
+			}
+			i = l+1;
+			j = ir;
+			a = ids[l+1];
+			for(;;) {
+				do i++; while(ids[i] < a);
+				do j--; while(ids[j] > a);
+				if (j < i) break;
+				SWAP(ids[i],ids[j]);
+			}
+			ids[l+1] = ids[j];
+			ids[j] = a;
+			jstack += 2;
+			if (ir-i+1 >= j-l) {
+				istack[jstack] = ir;
+				istack[jstack-1] = i;
+				ir = j-1;
+			} else {
+				istack[jstack] = j-1;
+				istack[jstack-1] = l;
+				l = i;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#else
+
+/* 8 bit Radix sort + insertion sort
+ * 
+ * based on code from http://www.cubic.org/docs/radix.htm
+ * with improvements by ebackes@symas.com and hyc@symas.com
+ *
+ * This code is O(n) but has a relatively high constant factor. For lists
+ * up to ~50 Quicksort is slightly faster; up to ~100 they are even.
+ * Much faster than quicksort for lists longer than ~100. Insertion
+ * sort is actually superior for lists <50.
+ */
+
+#define BUCKETS	(1<<8)
+#define SMALL	50
+
+void
+mdb_idl_sort( ID *ids, ID *tmp )
+{
+	int count, soft_limit, phase = 0, size = ids[0];
+	ID *idls[2];
+	unsigned char *maxv = (unsigned char *)&ids[size];
+
+ 	if ( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( ids ))
+ 		return;
+
+	/* Use insertion sort for small lists */
+	if ( size <= SMALL ) {
+		int i,j;
+		ID a;
+
+		for (j=1;j<=size;j++) {
+			a = ids[j];
+			for (i=j-1;i>=1;i--) {
+				if (ids[i] <= a) break;
+				ids[i+1] = ids[i];
+			}
+			ids[i+1] = a;
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+
+	tmp[0] = size;
+	idls[0] = ids;
+	idls[1] = tmp;
+
+#if BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
+    for (soft_limit = 0; !maxv[soft_limit]; soft_limit++);
+#else
+    for (soft_limit = sizeof(ID)-1; !maxv[soft_limit]; soft_limit--);
+#endif
+
+	for (
+#if BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
+	count = sizeof(ID)-1; count >= soft_limit; --count
+#else
+	count = 0; count <= soft_limit; ++count
+#endif
+	) {
+		unsigned int num[BUCKETS], * np, n, sum;
+		int i;
+        ID *sp, *source, *dest;
+        unsigned char *bp, *source_start;
+
+		source = idls[phase]+1;
+		dest = idls[phase^1]+1;
+		source_start =  ((unsigned char *) source) + count;
+
+        np = num;
+        for ( i = BUCKETS; i > 0; --i ) *np++ = 0;
+
+		/* count occurences of every byte value */
+		bp = source_start;
+        for ( i = size; i > 0; --i, bp += sizeof(ID) )
+				num[*bp]++;
+
+		/* transform count into index by summing elements and storing
+		 * into same array
+		 */
+        sum = 0;
+        np = num;
+        for ( i = BUCKETS; i > 0; --i ) {
+                n = *np;
+                *np++ = sum;
+                sum += n;
+        }
+
+		/* fill dest with the right values in the right place */
+		bp = source_start;
+        sp = source;
+        for ( i = size; i > 0; --i, bp += sizeof(ID) ) {
+                np = num + *bp;
+                dest[*np] = *sp++;
+                ++(*np);
+        }
+		phase ^= 1;
+	}
+
+	/* copy back from temp if needed */
+	if ( phase ) {
+		ids++; tmp++;
+		for ( count = 0; count < size; ++count ) 
+			*ids++ = *tmp++;
+	}
+}
+#endif	/* Quick vs Radix */
+
+unsigned mdb_id2l_search( ID2L ids, ID id )
+{
+	/*
+	 * binary search of id in ids
+	 * if found, returns position of id
+	 * if not found, returns first position greater than id
+	 */
+	unsigned base = 0;
+	unsigned cursor = 1;
+	int val = 0;
+	unsigned n = ids[0].mid;
+
+	while( 0 < n ) {
+		unsigned pivot = n >> 1;
+		cursor = base + pivot + 1;
+		val = IDL_CMP( id, ids[cursor].mid );
+
+		if( val < 0 ) {
+			n = pivot;
+
+		} else if ( val > 0 ) {
+			base = cursor;
+			n -= pivot + 1;
+
+		} else {
+			return cursor;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( val > 0 ) {
+		++cursor;
+	}
+	return cursor;
+}
+
+int mdb_id2l_insert( ID2L ids, ID2 *id )
+{
+	unsigned x, i;
+
+	x = mdb_id2l_search( ids, id->mid );
+	assert( x > 0 );
+
+	if( x < 1 ) {
+		/* internal error */
+		return -2;
+	}
+
+	if ( x <= ids[0].mid && ids[x].mid == id->mid ) {
+		/* duplicate */
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if ( ids[0].mid >= MDB_IDL_UM_MAX ) {
+		/* too big */
+		return -2;
+
+	} else {
+		/* insert id */
+		ids[0].mid++;
+		for (i=ids[0].mid; i>x; i--)
+			ids[i] = ids[i-1];
+		ids[x] = *id;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/idl.h b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/idl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4768c88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/idl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/* idl.h - ldap mdb back-end ID list header file */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _MDB_IDL_H_
+#define _MDB_IDL_H_
+
+/* IDL sizes - likely should be even bigger
+ *   limiting factors: sizeof(ID), thread stack size
+ */
+#define	MDB_IDL_LOGN	16	/* DB_SIZE is 2^16, UM_SIZE is 2^17 */
+#define MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE		(1<<MDB_IDL_LOGN)
+#define MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE		(1<<(MDB_IDL_LOGN+1))
+#define MDB_IDL_UM_SIZEOF	(MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE * sizeof(ID))
+
+#define MDB_IDL_DB_MAX		(MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE-1)
+
+#define MDB_IDL_UM_MAX		(MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE-1)
+
+#define MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(ids)	((ids)[0] == NOID)
+#define MDB_IDL_RANGE_SIZE		(3)
+#define MDB_IDL_RANGE_SIZEOF	(MDB_IDL_RANGE_SIZE * sizeof(ID))
+#define MDB_IDL_SIZEOF(ids)		((MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(ids) \
+	? MDB_IDL_RANGE_SIZE : ((ids)[0]+1)) * sizeof(ID))
+
+#define MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST(ids)	((ids)[1])
+#define MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST(ids)		((ids)[2])
+
+#define MDB_IDL_RANGE( ids, f, l ) \
+	do { \
+		(ids)[0] = NOID; \
+		(ids)[1] = (f);  \
+		(ids)[2] = (l);  \
+	} while(0)
+
+#define MDB_IDL_ZERO(ids) \
+	do { \
+		(ids)[0] = 0; \
+		(ids)[1] = 0; \
+		(ids)[2] = 0; \
+	} while(0)
+
+#define MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO(ids) ( (ids)[0] == 0 )
+#define MDB_IDL_IS_ALL( range, ids ) ( (ids)[0] == NOID \
+	&& (ids)[1] <= (range)[1] && (range)[2] <= (ids)[2] )
+
+#define MDB_IDL_CPY( dst, src ) (AC_MEMCPY( dst, src, MDB_IDL_SIZEOF( src ) ))
+
+#define MDB_IDL_ID( mdb, ids, id ) MDB_IDL_RANGE( ids, id, NOID )
+#define MDB_IDL_ALL( ids ) MDB_IDL_RANGE( ids, 1, NOID )
+
+#define MDB_IDL_FIRST( ids )	( (ids)[1] )
+#define MDB_IDL_LLAST( ids )	( (ids)[(ids)[0]] )
+#define MDB_IDL_LAST( ids )		( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(ids) \
+	? (ids)[2] : (ids)[(ids)[0]] )
+
+#define MDB_IDL_N( ids )		( MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(ids) \
+	? ((ids)[2]-(ids)[1])+1 : (ids)[0] )
+
+	/** An ID2 is an ID/value pair.
+	 */
+typedef struct ID2 {
+	ID mid;			/**< The ID */
+	MDB_val mval;		/**< The value */
+} ID2;
+
+	/** An ID2L is an ID2 List, a sorted array of ID2s.
+	 * The first element's \b mid member is a count of how many actual
+	 * elements are in the array. The \b mptr member of the first element is unused.
+	 * The array is sorted in ascending order by \b mid.
+	 */
+typedef ID2 *ID2L;
+
+typedef struct IdScopes {
+	MDB_txn *mt;
+	MDB_cursor *mc;
+	ID id;
+	ID2L scopes;
+	ID2L sctmp;
+	int numrdns;
+	int nscope;
+	int oscope;
+	struct berval rdns[MAXRDNS];
+	struct berval nrdns[MAXRDNS];
+} IdScopes;
+
+LDAP_BEGIN_DECL
+	/** Search for an ID in an ID2L.
+	 * @param[in] ids	The ID2L to search.
+	 * @param[in] id	The ID to search for.
+	 * @return	The index of the first ID2 whose \b mid member is greater than or equal to \b id.
+	 */
+unsigned mdb_id2l_search( ID2L ids, ID id );
+
+
+	/** Insert an ID2 into a ID2L.
+	 * @param[in,out] ids	The ID2L to insert into.
+	 * @param[in] id	The ID2 to insert.
+	 * @return	0 on success, -1 if the ID was already present in the MIDL2.
+	 */
+int mdb_id2l_insert( ID2L ids, ID2 *id );
+LDAP_END_DECL
+
+#endif
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/index.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/index.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b62c798
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/index.c
@@ -0,0 +1,575 @@
+/* index.c - routines for dealing with attribute indexes */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/socket.h>
+
+#include "slap.h"
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "lutil_hash.h"
+
+static char presence_keyval[] = {0,0,0,0,0};
+static struct berval presence_key[2] = {BER_BVC(presence_keyval), BER_BVNULL};
+
+AttrInfo *mdb_index_mask(
+	Backend *be,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	struct berval *atname )
+{
+	AttributeType *at;
+	AttrInfo *ai = mdb_attr_mask( be->be_private, desc );
+
+	if( ai ) {
+		*atname = desc->ad_cname;
+		return ai;
+	}
+
+	/* If there is a tagging option, did we ever index the base
+	 * type? If so, check for mask, otherwise it's not there.
+	 */
+	if( slap_ad_is_tagged( desc ) && desc != desc->ad_type->sat_ad ) {
+		/* has tagging option */
+		ai = mdb_attr_mask( be->be_private, desc->ad_type->sat_ad );
+
+		if ( ai && !( ai->ai_indexmask & SLAP_INDEX_NOTAGS ) ) {
+			*atname = desc->ad_type->sat_cname;
+			return ai;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* see if supertype defined mask for its subtypes */
+	for( at = desc->ad_type; at != NULL ; at = at->sat_sup ) {
+		/* If no AD, we've never indexed this type */
+		if ( !at->sat_ad ) continue;
+
+		ai = mdb_attr_mask( be->be_private, at->sat_ad );
+
+		if ( ai && !( ai->ai_indexmask & SLAP_INDEX_NOSUBTYPES ) ) {
+			*atname = at->sat_cname;
+			return ai;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* This function is only called when evaluating search filters.
+ */
+int mdb_index_param(
+	Backend *be,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	int ftype,
+	MDB_dbi *dbip,
+	slap_mask_t *maskp,
+	struct berval *prefixp )
+{
+	AttrInfo *ai;
+	slap_mask_t mask, type = 0;
+
+	ai = mdb_index_mask( be, desc, prefixp );
+
+	if ( !ai ) {
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+		switch ( ftype ) {
+		case LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT:
+			type = SLAP_INDEX_PRESENT;
+			break;
+		case LDAP_FILTER_APPROX:
+			type = SLAP_INDEX_APPROX;
+			break;
+		case LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY:
+			type = SLAP_INDEX_EQUALITY;
+			break;
+		case LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS:
+			type = SLAP_INDEX_SUBSTR;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING;
+		}
+		mdb_monitor_idx_add( be->be_private, desc, type );
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+		return LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING;
+	}
+	mask = ai->ai_indexmask;
+
+	switch( ftype ) {
+	case LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT:
+		type = SLAP_INDEX_PRESENT;
+		if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_PRESENT ) ) {
+			*prefixp = presence_key[0];
+			goto done;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_APPROX:
+		type = SLAP_INDEX_APPROX;
+		if ( desc->ad_type->sat_approx ) {
+			if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_APPROX ) ) {
+				goto done;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* Use EQUALITY rule and index for approximate match */
+		/* fall thru */
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY:
+		type = SLAP_INDEX_EQUALITY;
+		if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_EQUALITY ) ) {
+			goto done;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS:
+		type = SLAP_INDEX_SUBSTR;
+		if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_SUBSTR ) ) {
+			goto done;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		return LDAP_OTHER;
+	}
+
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+	mdb_monitor_idx_add( be->be_private, desc, type );
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+	return LDAP_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING;
+
+done:
+	*dbip = ai->ai_dbi;
+	*maskp = mask;
+	return LDAP_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int indexer(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	struct mdb_attrinfo *ai,
+	AttributeDescription *ad,
+	struct berval *atname,
+	BerVarray vals,
+	ID id,
+	int opid,
+	slap_mask_t mask )
+{
+	int rc;
+	struct berval *keys;
+	MDB_cursor *mc = ai->ai_cursor;
+	mdb_idl_keyfunc *keyfunc;
+	char *err;
+
+	assert( mask != 0 );
+
+	if ( !mc ) {
+		err = "c_open";
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, ai->ai_dbi, &mc );
+		if ( rc ) goto done;
+		if ( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_QUICK )
+			ai->ai_cursor = mc;
+	}
+
+	if ( opid == SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP ) {
+#ifdef MDB_TOOL_IDL_CACHING
+		if (( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_QUICK ) && slap_tool_thread_max > 2 ) {
+			keyfunc = mdb_tool_idl_add;
+			mc = (MDB_cursor *)ai;
+		} else
+#endif
+			keyfunc = mdb_idl_insert_keys;
+	} else
+		keyfunc = mdb_idl_delete_keys;
+
+	if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_PRESENT ) ) {
+		rc = keyfunc( op->o_bd, mc, presence_key, id );
+		if( rc ) {
+			err = "presence";
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_EQUALITY ) ) {
+		rc = ad->ad_type->sat_equality->smr_indexer(
+			LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY,
+			mask,
+			ad->ad_type->sat_syntax,
+			ad->ad_type->sat_equality,
+			atname, vals, &keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+		if( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS && keys != NULL ) {
+			rc = keyfunc( op->o_bd, mc, keys, id );
+			ber_bvarray_free_x( keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			if ( rc ) {
+				err = "equality";
+				goto done;
+			}
+		}
+		rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_APPROX ) ) {
+		rc = ad->ad_type->sat_approx->smr_indexer(
+			LDAP_FILTER_APPROX,
+			mask,
+			ad->ad_type->sat_syntax,
+			ad->ad_type->sat_approx,
+			atname, vals, &keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+		if( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS && keys != NULL ) {
+			rc = keyfunc( op->o_bd, mc, keys, id );
+			ber_bvarray_free_x( keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			if ( rc ) {
+				err = "approx";
+				goto done;
+			}
+		}
+
+		rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	if( IS_SLAP_INDEX( mask, SLAP_INDEX_SUBSTR ) ) {
+		rc = ad->ad_type->sat_substr->smr_indexer(
+			LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS,
+			mask,
+			ad->ad_type->sat_syntax,
+			ad->ad_type->sat_substr,
+			atname, vals, &keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+		if( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS && keys != NULL ) {
+			rc = keyfunc( op->o_bd, mc, keys, id );
+			ber_bvarray_free_x( keys, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			if( rc ) {
+				err = "substr";
+				goto done;
+			}
+		}
+
+		rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if ( !(slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_QUICK))
+		mdb_cursor_close( mc );
+	switch( rc ) {
+	/* The callers all know how to deal with these results */
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	/* Anything else is bad news */
+	default:
+		rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int index_at_values(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	AttributeDescription *ad,
+	AttributeType *type,
+	struct berval *tags,
+	BerVarray vals,
+	ID id,
+	int opid )
+{
+	int rc;
+	slap_mask_t mask = 0;
+	int ixop = opid;
+	AttrInfo *ai = NULL;
+
+	if ( opid == MDB_INDEX_UPDATE_OP )
+		ixop = SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP;
+
+	if( type->sat_sup ) {
+		/* recurse */
+		rc = index_at_values( op, txn, NULL,
+			type->sat_sup, tags,
+			vals, id, opid );
+
+		if( rc ) return rc;
+	}
+
+	/* If this type has no AD, we've never used it before */
+	if( type->sat_ad ) {
+		ai = mdb_attr_mask( op->o_bd->be_private, type->sat_ad );
+		if ( ai ) {
+#ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH
+			/* component indexing */
+			if ( ai->ai_cr ) {
+				ComponentReference *cr;
+				for( cr = ai->ai_cr ; cr ; cr = cr->cr_next ) {
+					rc = indexer( op, txn, ai, cr->cr_ad, &type->sat_cname,
+						cr->cr_nvals, id, ixop,
+						cr->cr_indexmask );
+				}
+			}
+#endif
+			ad = type->sat_ad;
+			/* If we're updating the index, just set the new bits that aren't
+			 * already in the old mask.
+			 */
+			if ( opid == MDB_INDEX_UPDATE_OP )
+				mask = ai->ai_newmask & ~ai->ai_indexmask;
+			else
+			/* For regular updates, if there is a newmask use it. Otherwise
+			 * just use the old mask.
+			 */
+				mask = ai->ai_newmask ? ai->ai_newmask : ai->ai_indexmask;
+			if( mask ) {
+				rc = indexer( op, txn, ai, ad, &type->sat_cname,
+					vals, id, ixop, mask );
+
+				if( rc ) return rc;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( tags->bv_len ) {
+		AttributeDescription *desc;
+
+		desc = ad_find_tags( type, tags );
+		if( desc ) {
+			ai = mdb_attr_mask( op->o_bd->be_private, desc );
+
+			if( ai ) {
+				if ( opid == MDB_INDEX_UPDATE_OP )
+					mask = ai->ai_newmask & ~ai->ai_indexmask;
+				else
+					mask = ai->ai_newmask ? ai->ai_newmask : ai->ai_indexmask;
+				if ( mask ) {
+					rc = indexer( op, txn, ai, desc, &desc->ad_cname,
+						vals, id, ixop, mask );
+
+					if( rc ) {
+						return rc;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return LDAP_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int mdb_index_values(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	BerVarray vals,
+	ID id,
+	int opid )
+{
+	int rc;
+
+	/* Never index ID 0 */
+	if ( id == 0 )
+		return 0;
+
+	rc = index_at_values( op, txn, desc,
+		desc->ad_type, &desc->ad_tags,
+		vals, id, opid );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* Get the list of which indices apply to this attr */
+int
+mdb_index_recset(
+	struct mdb_info *mdb,
+	Attribute *a,
+	AttributeType *type,
+	struct berval *tags,
+	IndexRec *ir )
+{
+	int rc, slot;
+	AttrList *al;
+
+	if( type->sat_sup ) {
+		/* recurse */
+		rc = mdb_index_recset( mdb, a, type->sat_sup, tags, ir );
+		if( rc ) return rc;
+	}
+	/* If this type has no AD, we've never used it before */
+	if( type->sat_ad ) {
+		slot = mdb_attr_slot( mdb, type->sat_ad, NULL );
+		if ( slot >= 0 ) {
+			ir[slot].ir_ai = mdb->mi_attrs[slot];
+			al = ch_malloc( sizeof( AttrList ));
+			al->attr = a;
+			al->next = ir[slot].ir_attrs;
+			ir[slot].ir_attrs = al;
+		}
+	}
+	if( tags->bv_len ) {
+		AttributeDescription *desc;
+
+		desc = ad_find_tags( type, tags );
+		if( desc ) {
+			slot = mdb_attr_slot( mdb, desc, NULL );
+			if ( slot >= 0 ) {
+				ir[slot].ir_ai = mdb->mi_attrs[slot];
+				al = ch_malloc( sizeof( AttrList ));
+				al->attr = a;
+				al->next = ir[slot].ir_attrs;
+				ir[slot].ir_attrs = al;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return LDAP_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/* Apply the indices for the recset */
+int mdb_index_recrun(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	struct mdb_info *mdb,
+	IndexRec *ir0,
+	ID id,
+	int base )
+{
+	IndexRec *ir;
+	AttrList *al;
+	int i, rc = 0;
+
+	/* Never index ID 0 */
+	if ( id == 0 )
+		return 0;
+
+	for (i=base; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i+=slap_tool_thread_max-1) {
+		ir = ir0 + i;
+		if ( !ir->ir_ai ) continue;
+		while (( al = ir->ir_attrs )) {
+			ir->ir_attrs = al->next;
+			rc = indexer( op, txn, ir->ir_ai, ir->ir_ai->ai_desc,
+				&ir->ir_ai->ai_desc->ad_type->sat_cname,
+				al->attr->a_nvals, id, SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP,
+				ir->ir_ai->ai_indexmask );
+			free( al );
+			if ( rc ) break;
+		}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_index_entry(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	int opid,
+	Entry	*e )
+{
+	int rc;
+	Attribute *ap = e->e_attrs;
+#if 0 /* ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH */
+	ComponentReference *cr_list = NULL;
+	ComponentReference *cr = NULL, *dupped_cr = NULL;
+	void* decoded_comp;
+	ComponentSyntaxInfo* csi_attr;
+	Syntax* syn;
+	AttributeType* at;
+	int i, num_attr;
+	void* mem_op;
+	struct berval value = {0};
+#endif
+
+	/* Never index ID 0 */
+	if ( e->e_id == 0 )
+		return 0;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> index_entry_%s( %ld, \"%s\" )\n",
+		opid == SLAP_INDEX_DELETE_OP ? "del" : "add",
+		(long) e->e_id, e->e_dn ? e->e_dn : "" );
+
+	/* add each attribute to the indexes */
+	for ( ; ap != NULL; ap = ap->a_next ) {
+#if 0 /* ifdef LDAP_COMP_MATCH */
+		AttrInfo *ai;
+		/* see if attribute has components to be indexed */
+		ai = mdb_attr_mask( op->o_bd->be_private, ap->a_desc->ad_type->sat_ad );
+		if ( !ai ) continue;
+		cr_list = ai->ai_cr;
+		if ( attr_converter && cr_list ) {
+			syn = ap->a_desc->ad_type->sat_syntax;
+			ap->a_comp_data = op->o_tmpalloc( sizeof( ComponentData ), op->o_tmpmemctx );
+                	/* Memory chunk(nibble) pre-allocation for decoders */
+                	mem_op = nibble_mem_allocator ( 1024*16, 1024*4 );
+			ap->a_comp_data->cd_mem_op = mem_op;
+			for( cr = cr_list ; cr ; cr = cr->cr_next ) {
+				/* count how many values in an attribute */
+				for( num_attr=0; ap->a_vals[num_attr].bv_val != NULL; num_attr++ );
+				num_attr++;
+				cr->cr_nvals = (BerVarray)op->o_tmpalloc( sizeof( struct berval )*num_attr, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				for( i=0; ap->a_vals[i].bv_val != NULL; i++ ) {
+					/* decoding attribute value */
+					decoded_comp = attr_converter ( ap, syn, &ap->a_vals[i] );
+					if ( !decoded_comp )
+						return LDAP_DECODING_ERROR;
+					/* extracting the referenced component */
+					dupped_cr = dup_comp_ref( op, cr );
+					csi_attr = ((ComponentSyntaxInfo*)decoded_comp)->csi_comp_desc->cd_extract_i( mem_op, dupped_cr, decoded_comp );
+					if ( !csi_attr )
+						return LDAP_DECODING_ERROR;
+					cr->cr_asn_type_id = csi_attr->csi_comp_desc->cd_type_id;
+					cr->cr_ad = (AttributeDescription*)get_component_description ( cr->cr_asn_type_id );
+					if ( !cr->cr_ad )
+						return LDAP_INVALID_SYNTAX;
+					at = cr->cr_ad->ad_type;
+					/* encoding the value of component in GSER */
+					rc = component_encoder( mem_op, csi_attr, &value );
+					if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS )
+						return LDAP_ENCODING_ERROR;
+					/* Normalize the encoded component values */
+					if ( at->sat_equality && at->sat_equality->smr_normalize ) {
+						rc = at->sat_equality->smr_normalize (
+							SLAP_MR_VALUE_OF_ATTRIBUTE_SYNTAX,
+							at->sat_syntax, at->sat_equality,
+							&value, &cr->cr_nvals[i], op->o_tmpmemctx );
+					} else {
+						cr->cr_nvals[i] = value;
+					}
+				}
+				/* The end of BerVarray */
+				cr->cr_nvals[num_attr-1].bv_val = NULL;
+				cr->cr_nvals[num_attr-1].bv_len = 0;
+			}
+			op->o_tmpfree( ap->a_comp_data, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			nibble_mem_free ( mem_op );
+			ap->a_comp_data = NULL;
+		}
+#endif
+		rc = mdb_index_values( op, txn, ap->a_desc,
+			ap->a_nvals, e->e_id, opid );
+
+		if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<= index_entry_%s( %ld, \"%s\" ) failure\n",
+				opid == SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP ? "add" : "del",
+				(long) e->e_id, e->e_dn );
+			return rc;
+		}
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= index_entry_%s( %ld, \"%s\" ) success\n",
+		opid == SLAP_INDEX_DELETE_OP ? "del" : "add",
+		(long) e->e_id, e->e_dn ? e->e_dn : "" );
+
+	return LDAP_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/init.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/init.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09e097c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/init.c
@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+/* init.c - initialize mdb backend */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/unistd.h>
+#include <ac/stdlib.h>
+#include <ac/errno.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include <lutil.h>
+#include <ldap_rq.h>
+#include "config.h"
+
+static const struct berval mdmi_databases[] = {
+	BER_BVC("ad2i"),
+	BER_BVC("dn2i"),
+	BER_BVC("id2e"),
+	BER_BVNULL
+};
+
+static int
+mdb_id_compare( const MDB_val *a, const MDB_val *b )
+{
+	return *(ID *)a->mv_data < *(ID *)b->mv_data ? -1 : *(ID *)a->mv_data > *(ID *)b->mv_data;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_db_init( BackendDB *be, ConfigReply *cr )
+{
+	struct mdb_info	*mdb;
+	int rc;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_init) ": Initializing mdb database\n",
+		0, 0, 0 );
+
+	/* allocate backend-database-specific stuff */
+	mdb = (struct mdb_info *) ch_calloc( 1, sizeof(struct mdb_info) );
+
+	/* DBEnv parameters */
+	mdb->mi_dbenv_home = ch_strdup( SLAPD_DEFAULT_DB_DIR );
+	mdb->mi_dbenv_flags = 0;
+	mdb->mi_dbenv_mode = SLAPD_DEFAULT_DB_MODE;
+
+	mdb->mi_search_stack_depth = DEFAULT_SEARCH_STACK_DEPTH;
+	mdb->mi_search_stack = NULL;
+
+	mdb->mi_mapsize = DEFAULT_MAPSIZE;
+	mdb->mi_rtxn_size = DEFAULT_RTXN_SIZE;
+
+	be->be_private = mdb;
+	be->be_cf_ocs = be->bd_info->bi_cf_ocs;
+
+#ifndef MDB_MULTIPLE_SUFFIXES
+	SLAP_DBFLAGS( be ) |= SLAP_DBFLAG_ONE_SUFFIX;
+#endif
+
+	rc = mdb_monitor_db_init( be );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_db_close( BackendDB *be, ConfigReply *cr );
+
+static int
+mdb_db_open( BackendDB *be, ConfigReply *cr )
+{
+	int rc, i;
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	struct stat stat1;
+	uint32_t flags;
+	char *dbhome;
+	MDB_txn *txn;
+
+	if ( be->be_suffix == NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": need suffix.\n",
+			1, 0, 0 );
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": \"%s\"\n",
+		be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	/* Check existence of dbenv_home. Any error means trouble */
+	rc = stat( mdb->mi_dbenv_home, &stat1 );
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database \"%s\": "
+			"cannot access database directory \"%s\" (%d).\n",
+			be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb->mi_dbenv_home, errno );
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* mdb is always clean */
+	be->be_flags |= SLAP_DBFLAG_CLEAN;
+
+	rc = mdb_env_create( &mdb->mi_dbenv );
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database \"%s\": "
+			"mdb_env_create failed: %s (%d).\n",
+			be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	if ( mdb->mi_readers ) {
+		rc = mdb_env_set_maxreaders( mdb->mi_dbenv, mdb->mi_readers );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database \"%s\": "
+				"mdb_env_set_maxreaders failed: %s (%d).\n",
+				be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_env_set_mapsize( mdb->mi_dbenv, mdb->mi_mapsize );
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database \"%s\": "
+			"mdb_env_set_mapsize failed: %s (%d).\n",
+			be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_env_set_maxdbs( mdb->mi_dbenv, MDB_INDICES );
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database \"%s\": "
+			"mdb_env_set_maxdbs failed: %s (%d).\n",
+			be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_EBCDIC
+	strcpy( path, mdb->mi_dbenv_home );
+	__atoe( path );
+	dbhome = path;
+#else
+	dbhome = mdb->mi_dbenv_home;
+#endif
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database \"%s\": "
+		"dbenv_open(%s).\n",
+		be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb->mi_dbenv_home, 0);
+
+	flags = mdb->mi_dbenv_flags;
+
+	if ( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_QUICK )
+		flags |= MDB_NOSYNC|MDB_WRITEMAP;
+
+	if ( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_READONLY)
+		flags |= MDB_RDONLY;
+
+	rc = mdb_env_open( mdb->mi_dbenv, dbhome,
+			flags, mdb->mi_dbenv_mode );
+
+	if ( rc ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database \"%s\" cannot be opened: %s (%d). "
+			"Restore from backup!\n",
+			be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, flags & MDB_RDONLY, &txn );
+	if ( rc ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database \"%s\" cannot be opened: %s (%d). "
+			"Restore from backup!\n",
+			be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/* open (and create) main databases */
+	for( i = 0; mdmi_databases[i].bv_val; i++ ) {
+		flags = MDB_INTEGERKEY;
+		if( i == MDB_ID2ENTRY ) {
+			if ( !(slapMode & (SLAP_TOOL_READMAIN|SLAP_TOOL_READONLY) ))
+				flags |= MDB_CREATE;
+		} else {
+			if ( i == MDB_DN2ID )
+				flags |= MDB_DUPSORT;
+			if ( !(slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_READONLY) )
+				flags |= MDB_CREATE;
+		}
+
+		rc = mdb_dbi_open( txn,
+			mdmi_databases[i].bv_val,
+			flags,
+			&mdb->mi_dbis[i] );
+
+		if ( rc != 0 ) {
+			snprintf( cr->msg, sizeof(cr->msg), "database \"%s\": "
+				"mdb_dbi_open(%s/%s) failed: %s (%d).", 
+				be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, 
+				mdb->mi_dbenv_home, mdmi_databases[i].bv_val,
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": %s\n",
+				cr->msg, 0, 0 );
+			goto fail;
+		}
+
+		if ( i == MDB_ID2ENTRY )
+			mdb_set_compare( txn, mdb->mi_dbis[i], mdb_id_compare );
+		else if ( i == MDB_DN2ID ) {
+			MDB_cursor *mc;
+			MDB_val key, data;
+			mdb_set_dupsort( txn, mdb->mi_dbis[i], mdb_dup_compare );
+			/* check for old dn2id format */
+			rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, mdb->mi_dbis[i], &mc );
+			/* first record is always ID 0 */
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_FIRST );
+			if ( rc == 0 ) {
+				rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT );
+				if ( rc == 0 ) {
+					int len;
+					unsigned char *ptr;
+					ptr = data.mv_data;
+					len = (ptr[0] & 0x7f) << 8 | ptr[1];
+					if (data.mv_size < 2*len + 4 + 2*sizeof(ID)) {
+						snprintf( cr->msg, sizeof(cr->msg),
+						"database \"%s\": DN index needs upgrade, "
+						"run \"slapindex entryDN\".",
+						be->be_suffix[0].bv_val );
+						Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+							LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": %s\n",
+							cr->msg, 0, 0 );
+						if ( !(slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_READMAIN ))
+							rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+						mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_NEED_UPGRADE;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			mdb_cursor_close( mc );
+			if ( rc == LDAP_OTHER )
+				goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_ad_read( mdb, txn );
+	if ( rc ) {
+		mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/* slapcat doesn't need indexes. avoid a failure if
+	 * a configured index wasn't created yet.
+	 */
+	if ( !(slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_READONLY) ) {
+		rc = mdb_attr_dbs_open( be, txn, cr );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+			goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_txn_commit(txn);
+	if ( rc != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_db_open) ": database %s: "
+			"txn_commit failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/* monitor setup */
+	rc = mdb_monitor_db_open( be );
+	if ( rc != 0 ) {
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	mdb->mi_flags |= MDB_IS_OPEN;
+
+	return 0;
+
+fail:
+	mdb_db_close( be, NULL );
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_db_close( BackendDB *be, ConfigReply *cr )
+{
+	int rc;
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+
+	/* monitor handling */
+	(void)mdb_monitor_db_close( be );
+
+	mdb->mi_flags &= ~MDB_IS_OPEN;
+
+	if( mdb->mi_dbenv ) {
+		mdb_reader_flush( mdb->mi_dbenv );
+	}
+
+	if ( mdb->mi_dbenv ) {
+		if ( mdb->mi_dbis[0] ) {
+			int i;
+
+			mdb_attr_dbs_close( mdb );
+			for ( i=0; i<MDB_NDB; i++ )
+				mdb_dbi_close( mdb->mi_dbenv, mdb->mi_dbis[i] );
+
+			/* force a sync, but not if we were ReadOnly,
+			 * and not in Quick mode.
+			 */
+			if (!(slapMode & (SLAP_TOOL_QUICK|SLAP_TOOL_READONLY))) {
+				rc = mdb_env_sync( mdb->mi_dbenv, 1 );
+				if( rc != 0 ) {
+					Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+						"mdb_db_close: database \"%s\": "
+						"mdb_env_sync failed: %s (%d).\n",
+						be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		mdb_env_close( mdb->mi_dbenv );
+		mdb->mi_dbenv = NULL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_db_destroy( BackendDB *be, ConfigReply *cr )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+
+	/* stop and remove checkpoint task */
+	if ( mdb->mi_txn_cp_task ) {
+		struct re_s *re = mdb->mi_txn_cp_task;
+		mdb->mi_txn_cp_task = NULL;
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+		if ( ldap_pvt_runqueue_isrunning( &slapd_rq, re ) )
+			ldap_pvt_runqueue_stoptask( &slapd_rq, re );
+		ldap_pvt_runqueue_remove( &slapd_rq, re );
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &slapd_rq.rq_mutex );
+	}
+
+	/* monitor handling */
+	(void)mdb_monitor_db_destroy( be );
+
+	if( mdb->mi_dbenv_home ) ch_free( mdb->mi_dbenv_home );
+
+	mdb_attr_index_destroy( mdb );
+
+	ch_free( mdb );
+	be->be_private = NULL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_back_initialize(
+	BackendInfo	*bi )
+{
+	int rc;
+
+	static char *controls[] = {
+		LDAP_CONTROL_ASSERT,
+		LDAP_CONTROL_MANAGEDSAIT,
+		LDAP_CONTROL_NOOP,
+		LDAP_CONTROL_PAGEDRESULTS,
+		LDAP_CONTROL_PRE_READ,
+		LDAP_CONTROL_POST_READ,
+		LDAP_CONTROL_SUBENTRIES,
+		LDAP_CONTROL_X_PERMISSIVE_MODIFY,
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+		LDAP_CONTROL_X_TXN_SPEC,
+#endif
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	/* initialize the underlying database system */
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_back_initialize) ": initialize " 
+		MDB_UCTYPE " backend\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+
+	bi->bi_flags |=
+		SLAP_BFLAG_INCREMENT |
+		SLAP_BFLAG_SUBENTRIES |
+		SLAP_BFLAG_ALIASES |
+		SLAP_BFLAG_REFERRALS;
+
+	bi->bi_controls = controls;
+
+	{	/* version check */
+		int major, minor, patch, ver;
+		char *version = mdb_version( &major, &minor, &patch );
+#ifdef HAVE_EBCDIC
+		char v2[1024];
+
+		/* All our stdio does an ASCII to EBCDIC conversion on
+		 * the output. Strings from the MDB library are already
+		 * in EBCDIC; we have to go back and forth...
+		 */
+		strcpy( v2, version );
+		__etoa( v2 );
+		version = v2;
+#endif
+		ver = (major << 24) | (minor << 16) | patch;
+		if( ver != MDB_VERSION_FULL ) {
+			/* fail if a versions don't match */
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_back_initialize) ": "
+				"MDB library version mismatch:"
+				" expected " MDB_VERSION_STRING ","
+				" got %s\n", version, 0, 0 );
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_back_initialize)
+			": %s\n", version, 0, 0 );
+	}
+
+	bi->bi_open = 0;
+	bi->bi_close = 0;
+	bi->bi_config = 0;
+	bi->bi_destroy = 0;
+
+	bi->bi_db_init = mdb_db_init;
+	bi->bi_db_config = config_generic_wrapper;
+	bi->bi_db_open = mdb_db_open;
+	bi->bi_db_close = mdb_db_close;
+	bi->bi_db_destroy = mdb_db_destroy;
+
+	bi->bi_op_add = mdb_add;
+	bi->bi_op_bind = mdb_bind;
+	bi->bi_op_compare = mdb_compare;
+	bi->bi_op_delete = mdb_delete;
+	bi->bi_op_modify = mdb_modify;
+	bi->bi_op_modrdn = mdb_modrdn;
+	bi->bi_op_search = mdb_search;
+
+	bi->bi_op_unbind = 0;
+
+	bi->bi_extended = mdb_extended;
+
+	bi->bi_chk_referrals = 0;
+	bi->bi_operational = mdb_operational;
+
+	bi->bi_has_subordinates = mdb_hasSubordinates;
+	bi->bi_entry_release_rw = mdb_entry_release;
+	bi->bi_entry_get_rw = mdb_entry_get;
+
+	/*
+	 * hooks for slap tools
+	 */
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_open = mdb_tool_entry_open;
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_close = mdb_tool_entry_close;
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_first = backend_tool_entry_first;
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_first_x = mdb_tool_entry_first_x;
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_next = mdb_tool_entry_next;
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_get = mdb_tool_entry_get;
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_put = mdb_tool_entry_put;
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_reindex = mdb_tool_entry_reindex;
+	bi->bi_tool_sync = 0;
+	bi->bi_tool_dn2id_get = mdb_tool_dn2id_get;
+	bi->bi_tool_entry_modify = mdb_tool_entry_modify;
+
+	bi->bi_connection_init = 0;
+	bi->bi_connection_destroy = 0;
+
+	rc = mdb_back_init_cf( bi );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+#if	(SLAPD_MDB == SLAPD_MOD_DYNAMIC)
+
+SLAP_BACKEND_INIT_MODULE( mdb )
+
+#endif /* SLAPD_MDB == SLAPD_MOD_DYNAMIC */
+
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/key.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/key.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cb26f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/key.c
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/* index.c - routines for dealing with attribute indexes */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/socket.h>
+
+#include "slap.h"
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "idl.h"
+
+/* read a key */
+int
+mdb_key_read(
+	Backend	*be,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_dbi dbi,
+	struct berval *k,
+	ID *ids,
+	MDB_cursor **saved_cursor,
+	int get_flag
+)
+{
+	int rc;
+	MDB_val key;
+#ifndef MISALIGNED_OK
+	int kbuf[2];
+#endif
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> key_read\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+
+#ifndef MISALIGNED_OK
+	if (k->bv_len & ALIGNER) {
+		key.mv_size = sizeof(kbuf);
+		key.mv_data = kbuf;
+		kbuf[1] = 0;
+		memcpy(kbuf, k->bv_val, k->bv_len);
+	} else
+#endif
+	{
+		key.mv_size = k->bv_len;
+		key.mv_data = k->bv_val;
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_idl_fetch_key( be, txn, dbi, &key, ids, saved_cursor, get_flag );
+
+	if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_index_read: failed (%d)\n",
+			rc, 0, 0 );
+	} else {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "<= mdb_index_read %ld candidates\n",
+			(long) MDB_IDL_N(ids), 0, 0 );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/modify.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/modify.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4509373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/modify.c
@@ -0,0 +1,748 @@
+/* modify.c - mdb backend modify routine */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/time.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+static struct berval scbva[] = {
+	BER_BVC("glue"),
+	BER_BVNULL
+};
+
+static void
+mdb_modify_idxflags(
+	Operation *op,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	int got_delete,
+	Attribute *newattrs,
+	Attribute *oldattrs )
+{
+	struct berval	ix_at;
+	AttrInfo	*ai;
+
+	/* check if modified attribute was indexed
+	 * but not in case of NOOP... */
+	ai = mdb_index_mask( op->o_bd, desc, &ix_at );
+	if ( ai ) {
+		if ( got_delete ) {
+			Attribute 	*ap;
+			struct berval	ix2;
+
+			ap = attr_find( oldattrs, desc );
+			if ( ap ) ap->a_flags |= SLAP_ATTR_IXDEL;
+
+			/* Find all other attrs that index to same slot */
+			for ( ap = newattrs; ap; ap = ap->a_next ) {
+				ai = mdb_index_mask( op->o_bd, ap->a_desc, &ix2 );
+				if ( ai && ix2.bv_val == ix_at.bv_val )
+					ap->a_flags |= SLAP_ATTR_IXADD;
+			}
+
+		} else {
+			Attribute 	*ap;
+
+			ap = attr_find( newattrs, desc );
+			if ( ap ) ap->a_flags |= SLAP_ATTR_IXADD;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int mdb_modify_internal(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	Modifications *modlist,
+	Entry *e,
+	const char **text,
+	char *textbuf,
+	size_t textlen )
+{
+	int rc, err;
+	Modification	*mod;
+	Modifications	*ml;
+	Attribute	*save_attrs;
+	Attribute 	*ap;
+	int			glue_attr_delete = 0;
+	int			got_delete;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "mdb_modify_internal: 0x%08lx: %s\n",
+		e->e_id, e->e_dn, 0);
+
+	if ( !acl_check_modlist( op, e, modlist )) {
+		return LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+	}
+
+	/* save_attrs will be disposed of by caller */
+	save_attrs = e->e_attrs;
+	e->e_attrs = attrs_dup( e->e_attrs );
+
+	for ( ml = modlist; ml != NULL; ml = ml->sml_next ) {
+		int match;
+		mod = &ml->sml_mod;
+		switch( mod->sm_op ) {
+		case LDAP_MOD_ADD:
+		case LDAP_MOD_REPLACE:
+			if ( mod->sm_desc == slap_schema.si_ad_structuralObjectClass ) {
+				value_match( &match, slap_schema.si_ad_structuralObjectClass,
+					slap_schema.si_ad_structuralObjectClass->
+						ad_type->sat_equality,
+					SLAP_MR_VALUE_OF_ATTRIBUTE_SYNTAX,
+					&mod->sm_values[0], &scbva[0], text );
+				if ( !match ) glue_attr_delete = 1;
+			}
+		}
+		if ( glue_attr_delete )
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if ( glue_attr_delete ) {
+		Attribute	**app = &e->e_attrs;
+		while ( *app != NULL ) {
+			if ( !is_at_operational( (*app)->a_desc->ad_type )) {
+				Attribute *save = *app;
+				*app = (*app)->a_next;
+				attr_free( save );
+				continue;
+			}
+			app = &(*app)->a_next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for ( ml = modlist; ml != NULL; ml = ml->sml_next ) {
+		mod = &ml->sml_mod;
+		got_delete = 0;
+
+		switch ( mod->sm_op ) {
+		case LDAP_MOD_ADD:
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"mdb_modify_internal: add %s\n",
+				mod->sm_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0);
+			err = modify_add_values( e, mod, get_permissiveModify(op),
+				text, textbuf, textlen );
+			if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "mdb_modify_internal: %d %s\n",
+					err, *text, 0);
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case LDAP_MOD_DELETE:
+			if ( glue_attr_delete ) {
+				err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"mdb_modify_internal: delete %s\n",
+				mod->sm_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0);
+			err = modify_delete_values( e, mod, get_permissiveModify(op),
+				text, textbuf, textlen );
+			if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "mdb_modify_internal: %d %s\n",
+					err, *text, 0);
+			} else {
+				got_delete = 1;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case LDAP_MOD_REPLACE:
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"mdb_modify_internal: replace %s\n",
+				mod->sm_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0);
+			err = modify_replace_values( e, mod, get_permissiveModify(op),
+				text, textbuf, textlen );
+			if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "mdb_modify_internal: %d %s\n",
+					err, *text, 0);
+			} else {
+				got_delete = 1;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case LDAP_MOD_INCREMENT:
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"mdb_modify_internal: increment %s\n",
+				mod->sm_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0);
+			err = modify_increment_values( e, mod, get_permissiveModify(op),
+				text, textbuf, textlen );
+			if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+					"mdb_modify_internal: %d %s\n",
+					err, *text, 0);
+			} else {
+				got_delete = 1;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case SLAP_MOD_SOFTADD:
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"mdb_modify_internal: softadd %s\n",
+				mod->sm_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0);
+ 			/* Avoid problems in index_add_mods()
+ 			 * We need to add index if necessary.
+ 			 */
+ 			mod->sm_op = LDAP_MOD_ADD;
+
+			err = modify_add_values( e, mod, get_permissiveModify(op),
+				text, textbuf, textlen );
+
+ 			mod->sm_op = SLAP_MOD_SOFTADD;
+
+ 			if ( err == LDAP_TYPE_OR_VALUE_EXISTS ) {
+ 				err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+ 			}
+
+			if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "mdb_modify_internal: %d %s\n",
+					err, *text, 0);
+			}
+ 			break;
+
+		case SLAP_MOD_SOFTDEL:
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"mdb_modify_internal: softdel %s\n",
+				mod->sm_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0);
+ 			/* Avoid problems in index_delete_mods()
+ 			 * We need to add index if necessary.
+ 			 */
+ 			mod->sm_op = LDAP_MOD_DELETE;
+
+			err = modify_delete_values( e, mod, get_permissiveModify(op),
+				text, textbuf, textlen );
+
+ 			mod->sm_op = SLAP_MOD_SOFTDEL;
+
+			if ( err == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				got_delete = 1;
+			} else if ( err == LDAP_NO_SUCH_ATTRIBUTE ) {
+ 				err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+ 			}
+
+			if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "mdb_modify_internal: %d %s\n",
+					err, *text, 0);
+			}
+ 			break;
+
+		case SLAP_MOD_ADD_IF_NOT_PRESENT:
+			if ( attr_find( e->e_attrs, mod->sm_desc ) != NULL ) {
+				/* skip */
+				err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+				"mdb_modify_internal: add_if_not_present %s\n",
+				mod->sm_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0);
+ 			/* Avoid problems in index_add_mods()
+ 			 * We need to add index if necessary.
+ 			 */
+ 			mod->sm_op = LDAP_MOD_ADD;
+
+			err = modify_add_values( e, mod, get_permissiveModify(op),
+				text, textbuf, textlen );
+
+ 			mod->sm_op = SLAP_MOD_ADD_IF_NOT_PRESENT;
+
+			if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "mdb_modify_internal: %d %s\n",
+					err, *text, 0);
+			}
+ 			break;
+
+		default:
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_modify_internal: invalid op %d\n",
+				mod->sm_op, 0, 0);
+			*text = "Invalid modify operation";
+			err = LDAP_OTHER;
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "mdb_modify_internal: %d %s\n",
+				err, *text, 0);
+		}
+
+		if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			attrs_free( e->e_attrs );
+			e->e_attrs = save_attrs;
+			/* unlock entry, delete from cache */
+			return err; 
+		}
+
+		/* If objectClass was modified, reset the flags */
+		if ( mod->sm_desc == slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass ) {
+			e->e_ocflags = 0;
+		}
+
+		if ( glue_attr_delete ) e->e_ocflags = 0;
+
+
+		/* check if modified attribute was indexed
+		 * but not in case of NOOP... */
+		if ( !op->o_noop ) {
+			mdb_modify_idxflags( op, mod->sm_desc, got_delete, e->e_attrs, save_attrs );
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* check that the entry still obeys the schema */
+	ap = NULL;
+	rc = entry_schema_check( op, e, save_attrs, get_relax(op), 0, &ap,
+		text, textbuf, textlen );
+	if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS || op->o_noop ) {
+		attrs_free( e->e_attrs );
+		/* clear the indexing flags */
+		for ( ap = save_attrs; ap != NULL; ap = ap->a_next ) {
+			ap->a_flags &= ~(SLAP_ATTR_IXADD|SLAP_ATTR_IXDEL);
+		}
+		e->e_attrs = save_attrs;
+
+		if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"entry failed schema check: %s\n",
+				*text, 0, 0 );
+		}
+
+		/* if NOOP then silently revert to saved attrs */
+		return rc;
+	}
+
+	/* structuralObjectClass modified! */
+	if ( ap ) {
+		assert( ap->a_desc == slap_schema.si_ad_structuralObjectClass );
+		if ( !op->o_noop ) {
+			mdb_modify_idxflags( op, slap_schema.si_ad_structuralObjectClass,
+				1, e->e_attrs, save_attrs );
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* update the indices of the modified attributes */
+
+	/* start with deleting the old index entries */
+	for ( ap = save_attrs; ap != NULL; ap = ap->a_next ) {
+		if ( ap->a_flags & SLAP_ATTR_IXDEL ) {
+			struct berval *vals;
+			Attribute *a2;
+			ap->a_flags &= ~SLAP_ATTR_IXDEL;
+			a2 = attr_find( e->e_attrs, ap->a_desc );
+			if ( a2 ) {
+				/* need to detect which values were deleted */
+				int i, j;
+				/* let add know there were deletes */
+				if ( a2->a_flags & SLAP_ATTR_IXADD )
+					a2->a_flags |= SLAP_ATTR_IXDEL;
+				vals = op->o_tmpalloc( (ap->a_numvals + 1) *
+					sizeof(struct berval), op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				j = 0;
+				for ( i=0; i < ap->a_numvals; i++ ) {
+					rc = attr_valfind( a2, SLAP_MR_ASSERTED_VALUE_NORMALIZED_MATCH,
+						&ap->a_nvals[i], NULL, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+					/* Save deleted values */
+					if ( rc == LDAP_NO_SUCH_ATTRIBUTE )
+						vals[j++] = ap->a_nvals[i];
+				}
+				BER_BVZERO(vals+j);
+			} else {
+				/* attribute was completely deleted */
+				vals = ap->a_nvals;
+			}
+			rc = 0;
+			if ( !BER_BVISNULL( vals )) {
+				rc = mdb_index_values( op, tid, ap->a_desc,
+					vals, e->e_id, SLAP_INDEX_DELETE_OP );
+				if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+					Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+						"%s: attribute \"%s\" index delete failure\n",
+						op->o_log_prefix, ap->a_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0 );
+					attrs_free( e->e_attrs );
+					e->e_attrs = save_attrs;
+				}
+			}
+			if ( vals != ap->a_nvals )
+				op->o_tmpfree( vals, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			if ( rc ) return rc;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* add the new index entries */
+	for ( ap = e->e_attrs; ap != NULL; ap = ap->a_next ) {
+		if (ap->a_flags & SLAP_ATTR_IXADD) {
+			ap->a_flags &= ~SLAP_ATTR_IXADD;
+			if ( ap->a_flags & SLAP_ATTR_IXDEL ) {
+				/* if any values were deleted, we must readd index
+				 * for all remaining values.
+				 */
+				ap->a_flags &= ~SLAP_ATTR_IXDEL;
+				rc = mdb_index_values( op, tid, ap->a_desc,
+					ap->a_nvals,
+					e->e_id, SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP );
+			} else {
+				int found = 0;
+				/* if this was only an add, we only need to index
+				 * the added values.
+				 */
+				for ( ml = modlist; ml != NULL; ml = ml->sml_next ) {
+					struct berval *vals;
+					if ( ml->sml_desc != ap->a_desc || !ml->sml_numvals )
+						continue;
+					found = 1;
+					switch( ml->sml_op ) {
+					case LDAP_MOD_ADD:
+					case LDAP_MOD_REPLACE:
+					case LDAP_MOD_INCREMENT:
+					case SLAP_MOD_SOFTADD:
+					case SLAP_MOD_ADD_IF_NOT_PRESENT:
+						if ( ml->sml_op == LDAP_MOD_INCREMENT )
+							vals = ap->a_nvals;
+						else if ( ml->sml_nvalues )
+							vals = ml->sml_nvalues;
+						else
+							vals = ml->sml_values;
+						rc = mdb_index_values( op, tid, ap->a_desc,
+							vals, e->e_id, SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP );
+						break;
+					}
+					if ( rc )
+						break;
+				}
+				/* This attr was affected by a modify of a subtype, so
+				 * there was no direct match in the modlist. Just readd
+				 * all of its values.
+				 */
+				if ( !found ) {
+					rc = mdb_index_values( op, tid, ap->a_desc,
+						ap->a_nvals,
+						e->e_id, SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP );
+				}
+			}
+			if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				       "%s: attribute \"%s\" index add failure\n",
+					op->o_log_prefix, ap->a_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, 0 );
+				attrs_free( e->e_attrs );
+				e->e_attrs = save_attrs;
+				return rc;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+int
+mdb_modify( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	Entry		*e = NULL;
+	int		manageDSAit = get_manageDSAit( op );
+	char textbuf[SLAP_TEXT_BUFLEN];
+	size_t textlen = sizeof textbuf;
+	MDB_txn	*txn = NULL;
+	mdb_op_info opinfo = {{{ 0 }}}, *moi = &opinfo;
+	Entry		dummy = {0};
+
+	LDAPControl **preread_ctrl = NULL;
+	LDAPControl **postread_ctrl = NULL;
+	LDAPControl *ctrls[SLAP_MAX_RESPONSE_CONTROLS];
+	int num_ctrls = 0;
+	int numads = mdb->mi_numads;
+
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+	int settle = 0;
+#endif
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": %s\n",
+		op->o_req_dn.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+	if( op->o_txnSpec ) {
+		/* acquire connection lock */
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &op->o_conn->c_mutex );
+		if( op->o_conn->c_txn == CONN_TXN_INACTIVE ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "invalid transaction identifier";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_TXN_ID_INVALID;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		} else if( op->o_conn->c_txn == CONN_TXN_SETTLE ) {
+			settle=1;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		}
+
+		if( op->o_conn->c_txn_backend == NULL ) {
+			op->o_conn->c_txn_backend = op->o_bd;
+
+		} else if( op->o_conn->c_txn_backend != op->o_bd ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "transaction cannot span multiple database contexts";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_AFFECTS_MULTIPLE_DSAS;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		}
+
+		/* insert operation into transaction */
+
+		rs->sr_text = "transaction specified";
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_TXN_SPECIFY_OKAY;
+
+txnReturn:
+		/* release connection lock */
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &op->o_conn->c_mutex );
+
+		if( !settle ) {
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			return rs->sr_err;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	ctrls[num_ctrls] = NULL;
+
+	/* begin transaction */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_opinfo_get( op, mdb, 0, &moi );
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": txn_begin failed: "
+			"%s (%d)\n", mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	txn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	/* Don't touch the opattrs, if this is a contextCSN update
+	 * initiated from updatedn */
+	if ( !be_isupdate(op) || !op->orm_modlist || op->orm_modlist->sml_next ||
+		 op->orm_modlist->sml_desc != slap_schema.si_ad_contextCSN ) {
+
+		slap_mods_opattrs( op, &op->orm_modlist, 1 );
+	}
+
+	/* get entry or ancestor */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, NULL, &op->o_req_ndn, &e, NULL, 1 );
+
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": dn2entry failed (%d)\n",
+			rs->sr_err, 0, 0 );
+		switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+		case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+			break;
+		case LDAP_BUSY:
+			rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+			goto return_results;
+		default:
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+			rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+			goto return_results;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* acquire and lock entry */
+	/* FIXME: dn2entry() should return non-glue entry */
+	if (( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND ) ||
+		( !manageDSAit && e && is_entry_glue( e )))
+	{
+		if ( e != NULL ) {
+			rs->sr_matched = ch_strdup( e->e_dn );
+			if ( is_entry_referral( e )) {
+				BerVarray ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+				rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( ref, &e->e_name,
+					&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+				ber_bvarray_free( ref );
+			} else {
+				rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+			}
+			mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+			e = NULL;
+
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( default_referral, NULL,
+				&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+		}
+
+		rs->sr_flags = REP_MATCHED_MUSTBEFREED | REP_REF_MUSTBEFREED;
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( !manageDSAit && is_entry_referral( e ) ) {
+		/* entry is a referral, don't allow modify */
+		rs->sr_ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": entry is referral\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+		rs->sr_matched = e->e_name.bv_val;
+		rs->sr_flags = REP_REF_MUSTBEFREED;
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+		rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( get_assert( op ) &&
+		( test_filter( op, e, get_assertion( op )) != LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE ))
+	{
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_ASSERTION_FAILED;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if( op->o_preread ) {
+		if( preread_ctrl == NULL ) {
+			preread_ctrl = &ctrls[num_ctrls++];
+			ctrls[num_ctrls] = NULL;
+		}
+		if ( slap_read_controls( op, rs, e,
+			&slap_pre_read_bv, preread_ctrl ) )
+		{
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": pre-read "
+				"failed!\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+			if ( op->o_preread & SLAP_CONTROL_CRITICAL ) {
+				/* FIXME: is it correct to abort
+				 * operation if control fails? */
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Modify the entry */
+	dummy = *e;
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_modify_internal( op, txn, op->orm_modlist,
+		&dummy, &rs->sr_text, textbuf, textlen );
+
+	if( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": modify failed (%d)\n",
+			rs->sr_err, 0, 0 );
+		/* Only free attrs if they were dup'd.  */
+		if ( dummy.e_attrs == e->e_attrs ) dummy.e_attrs = NULL;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* change the entry itself */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_id2entry_update( op, txn, NULL, &dummy );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": id2entry update failed " "(%d)\n",
+			rs->sr_err, 0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_text = "entry update failed";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if( op->o_postread ) {
+		if( postread_ctrl == NULL ) {
+			postread_ctrl = &ctrls[num_ctrls++];
+			ctrls[num_ctrls] = NULL;
+		}
+		if( slap_read_controls( op, rs, &dummy,
+			&slap_post_read_bv, postread_ctrl ) )
+		{
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify)
+				": post-read failed!\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+			if ( op->o_postread & SLAP_CONTROL_CRITICAL ) {
+				/* FIXME: is it correct to abort
+				 * operation if control fails? */
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Only free attrs if they were dup'd.  */
+	if ( dummy.e_attrs == e->e_attrs ) dummy.e_attrs = NULL;
+	if( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &opinfo.moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+		opinfo.moi_oe.oe_key = NULL;
+		if( op->o_noop ) {
+			mdb->mi_numads = numads;
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_NO_OPERATION;
+			txn = NULL;
+			goto return_results;
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_txn_commit( txn );
+			if ( rs->sr_err )
+				mdb->mi_numads = numads;
+			txn = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": txn_%s failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			op->o_noop ? "abort (no-op)" : "commit",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "commit failed";
+
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modify) ": updated%s id=%08lx dn=\"%s\"\n",
+		op->o_noop ? " (no-op)" : "",
+		dummy.e_id, op->o_req_dn.bv_val );
+
+	rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+	if( num_ctrls ) rs->sr_ctrls = ctrls;
+
+return_results:
+	if( dummy.e_attrs ) {
+		attrs_free( dummy.e_attrs );
+	}
+	send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+#if 0
+	if( rs->sr_err == LDAP_SUCCESS && mdb->bi_txn_cp_kbyte ) {
+		TXN_CHECKPOINT( mdb->bi_dbenv,
+			mdb->bi_txn_cp_kbyte, mdb->bi_txn_cp_min, 0 );
+	}
+#endif
+
+done:
+	slap_graduate_commit_csn( op );
+
+	if( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		if( txn != NULL ) {
+			mdb->mi_numads = numads;
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+		}
+		if ( opinfo.moi_oe.oe_key ) {
+			LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &opinfo.moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+		}
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+
+	if( e != NULL ) {
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+	}
+
+	if( preread_ctrl != NULL && (*preread_ctrl) != NULL ) {
+		slap_sl_free( (*preread_ctrl)->ldctl_value.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		slap_sl_free( *preread_ctrl, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+	if( postread_ctrl != NULL && (*postread_ctrl) != NULL ) {
+		slap_sl_free( (*postread_ctrl)->ldctl_value.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		slap_sl_free( *postread_ctrl, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+
+	return rs->sr_err;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/modrdn.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/modrdn.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..050777d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/modrdn.c
@@ -0,0 +1,672 @@
+/* modrdn.c - mdb backend modrdn routine */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+int
+mdb_modrdn( Operation	*op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	AttributeDescription *children = slap_schema.si_ad_children;
+	AttributeDescription *entry = slap_schema.si_ad_entry;
+	struct berval	p_dn, p_ndn;
+	struct berval	new_dn = {0, NULL}, new_ndn = {0, NULL};
+	Entry		*e = NULL;
+	Entry		*p = NULL;
+	/* LDAP v2 supporting correct attribute handling. */
+	char textbuf[SLAP_TEXT_BUFLEN];
+	size_t textlen = sizeof textbuf;
+	MDB_txn		*txn = NULL;
+	MDB_cursor	*mc;
+	struct mdb_op_info opinfo = {{{ 0 }}}, *moi = &opinfo;
+	Entry dummy = {0};
+
+	Entry		*np = NULL;			/* newSuperior Entry */
+	struct berval	*np_dn = NULL;			/* newSuperior dn */
+	struct berval	*np_ndn = NULL;			/* newSuperior ndn */
+	struct berval	*new_parent_dn = NULL;	/* np_dn, p_dn, or NULL */
+
+	int		manageDSAit = get_manageDSAit( op );
+
+	ID nid, nsubs;
+	LDAPControl **preread_ctrl = NULL;
+	LDAPControl **postread_ctrl = NULL;
+	LDAPControl *ctrls[SLAP_MAX_RESPONSE_CONTROLS];
+	int num_ctrls = 0;
+
+	int parent_is_glue = 0;
+	int parent_is_leaf = 0;
+
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+	int settle = 0;
+#endif
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "==>" LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn) "(%s,%s,%s)\n",
+		op->o_req_dn.bv_val,op->oq_modrdn.rs_newrdn.bv_val,
+		op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup ? op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup->bv_val : "NULL" );
+
+#ifdef LDAP_X_TXN
+	if( op->o_txnSpec ) {
+		/* acquire connection lock */
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &op->o_conn->c_mutex );
+		if( op->o_conn->c_txn == CONN_TXN_INACTIVE ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "invalid transaction identifier";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_TXN_ID_INVALID;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		} else if( op->o_conn->c_txn == CONN_TXN_SETTLE ) {
+			settle=1;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		}
+
+		if( op->o_conn->c_txn_backend == NULL ) {
+			op->o_conn->c_txn_backend = op->o_bd;
+
+		} else if( op->o_conn->c_txn_backend != op->o_bd ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "transaction cannot span multiple database contexts";
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_AFFECTS_MULTIPLE_DSAS;
+			goto txnReturn;
+		}
+
+		/* insert operation into transaction */
+
+		rs->sr_text = "transaction specified";
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_TXN_SPECIFY_OKAY;
+
+txnReturn:
+		/* release connection lock */
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &op->o_conn->c_mutex );
+
+		if( !settle ) {
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			return rs->sr_err;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	ctrls[num_ctrls] = NULL;
+
+	/* begin transaction */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_opinfo_get( op, mdb, 0, &moi );
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+	if( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn) ": txn_begin failed: "
+			"%s (%d)\n", mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	txn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	slap_mods_opattrs( op, &op->orr_modlist, 1 );
+
+	if ( be_issuffix( op->o_bd, &op->o_req_ndn ) ) {
+#ifdef MDB_MULTIPLE_SUFFIXES
+		/* Allow renaming one suffix entry to another */
+		p_ndn = slap_empty_bv;
+#else
+		/* There can only be one suffix entry */
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_NAMING_VIOLATION;
+		rs->sr_text = "cannot rename suffix entry";
+		goto return_results;
+#endif
+	} else {
+		dnParent( &op->o_req_ndn, &p_ndn );
+	}
+	np_ndn = &p_ndn;
+	/* Make sure parent entry exist and we can write its
+	 * children.
+	 */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_cursor_open( txn, mdb->mi_dn2id, &mc );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": cursor_open failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "DN cursor_open failed";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, mc, &p_ndn, &p, NULL, 0 );
+	switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": parent does not exist\n", 0, 0, 0);
+		rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( default_referral, NULL,
+					&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+		ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+		goto done;
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+		goto return_results;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* check parent for "children" acl */
+	rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, p,
+		children, NULL,
+		op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup == NULL ?
+			ACL_WRITE : ACL_WDEL,
+		NULL );
+
+	if ( ! rs->sr_err ) {
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "no access to parent\n", 0,
+			0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_text = "no write access to parent's children";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn) ": wr to children "
+		"of entry %s OK\n", p_ndn.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	if ( p_ndn.bv_val == slap_empty_bv.bv_val ) {
+		p_dn = slap_empty_bv;
+	} else {
+		dnParent( &op->o_req_dn, &p_dn );
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn) ": parent dn=%s\n",
+		p_dn.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	/* get entry */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, mc, &op->o_req_ndn, &e, &nsubs, 0 );
+	switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		e = p;
+		p = NULL;
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+		goto return_results;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* FIXME: dn2entry() should return non-glue entry */
+	if (( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND ) ||
+		( !manageDSAit && e && is_entry_glue( e )))
+	{
+		if( e != NULL ) {
+			rs->sr_matched = ch_strdup( e->e_dn );
+			if ( is_entry_referral( e )) {
+				BerVarray ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+				rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( ref, &e->e_name,
+					&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+				ber_bvarray_free( ref );
+			} else {
+				rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+			}
+			mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+			e = NULL;
+
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( default_referral, NULL,
+					&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+		}
+
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+		ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+		free( (char *)rs->sr_matched );
+		rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( get_assert( op ) &&
+		( test_filter( op, e, get_assertion( op )) != LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE ))
+	{
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_ASSERTION_FAILED;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* check write on old entry */
+	rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, e, entry, NULL, ACL_WRITE, NULL );
+	if ( ! rs->sr_err ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "no access to entry\n", 0,
+			0, 0 );
+		rs->sr_text = "no write access to old entry";
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if (!manageDSAit && is_entry_referral( e ) ) {
+		/* entry is a referral, don't allow rename */
+		rs->sr_ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": entry %s is referral\n", e->e_dn, 0, 0 );
+
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL,
+		rs->sr_matched = e->e_name.bv_val;
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+		ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+		rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	new_parent_dn = &p_dn;	/* New Parent unless newSuperior given */
+
+	if ( op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup != NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": new parent \"%s\" requested...\n",
+			op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+		/*  newSuperior == oldParent? */
+		if( dn_match( &p_ndn, op->oq_modrdn.rs_nnewSup ) ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "mdb_back_modrdn: "
+				"new parent \"%s\" same as the old parent \"%s\"\n",
+				op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup->bv_val, p_dn.bv_val, 0 );
+			op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup = NULL; /* ignore newSuperior */
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* There's a MDB_MULTIPLE_SUFFIXES case here that this code doesn't
+	 * support. E.g., two suffixes dc=foo,dc=com and dc=bar,dc=net.
+	 * We do not allow modDN
+	 *   dc=foo,dc=com
+	 *    newrdn dc=bar
+	 *    newsup dc=net
+	 * and we probably should. But since MULTIPLE_SUFFIXES is deprecated
+	 * I'm ignoring this problem for now.
+	 */
+	if ( op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup != NULL ) {
+		if ( op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup->bv_len ) {
+			np_dn = op->oq_modrdn.rs_newSup;
+			np_ndn = op->oq_modrdn.rs_nnewSup;
+
+			/* newSuperior == oldParent? - checked above */
+			/* newSuperior == entry being moved?, if so ==> ERROR */
+			if ( dnIsSuffix( np_ndn, &e->e_nname )) {
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+				rs->sr_text = "new superior not found";
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+			/* Get Entry with dn=newSuperior. Does newSuperior exist? */
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, NULL, np_ndn, &np, NULL, 0 );
+
+			switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+			case 0:
+				break;
+			case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+					LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+					": newSup(ndn=%s) not here!\n",
+					np_ndn->bv_val, 0, 0);
+				rs->sr_text = "new superior not found";
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+				goto return_results;
+			case LDAP_BUSY:
+				rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+				goto return_results;
+			default:
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+				rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+
+			/* check newSuperior for "children" acl */
+			rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, np, children,
+				NULL, ACL_WADD, NULL );
+
+			if( ! rs->sr_err ) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+					LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+					": no wr to newSup children\n",
+					0, 0, 0 );
+				rs->sr_text = "no write access to new superior's children";
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+				": wr to new parent OK np=%p, id=%ld\n",
+				(void *) np, (long) np->e_id, 0 );
+
+			if ( is_entry_alias( np ) ) {
+				/* parent is an alias, don't allow add */
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+					LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+					": entry is alias\n",
+					0, 0, 0 );
+				rs->sr_text = "new superior is an alias";
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_ALIAS_PROBLEM;
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+
+			if ( is_entry_referral( np ) ) {
+				/* parent is a referral, don't allow add */
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+					LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+					": entry is referral\n",
+					0, 0, 0 );
+				rs->sr_text = "new superior is a referral";
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+			np_dn = &np->e_name;
+
+		} else {
+			np_dn = NULL;
+
+			/* no parent, modrdn entry directly under root */
+			if ( be_issuffix( op->o_bd, (struct berval *)&slap_empty_bv )
+				|| be_isupdate( op ) ) {
+				np = (Entry *)&slap_entry_root;
+
+				/* check parent for "children" acl */
+				rs->sr_err = access_allowed( op, np,
+					children, NULL, ACL_WADD, NULL );
+
+				np = NULL;
+
+				if ( ! rs->sr_err ) {
+					rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+					Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+						"no access to new superior\n",
+						0, 0, 0 );
+					rs->sr_text =
+						"no write access to new superior's children";
+					goto return_results;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": wr to new parent's children OK\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+
+		new_parent_dn = np_dn;
+	}
+
+	/* Build target dn and make sure target entry doesn't exist already. */
+	if (!new_dn.bv_val) {
+		build_new_dn( &new_dn, new_parent_dn, &op->oq_modrdn.rs_newrdn, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+
+	if (!new_ndn.bv_val) {
+		dnNormalize( 0, NULL, NULL, &new_dn, &new_ndn, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn) ": new ndn=%s\n",
+		new_ndn.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+
+	/* Shortcut the search */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2id ( op, txn, NULL, &new_ndn, &nid, NULL, NULL, NULL );
+	switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		break;
+	case 0:
+		/* Allow rename to same DN */
+		if ( nid == e->e_id )
+			break;
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+		goto return_results;
+	default:
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	assert( op->orr_modlist != NULL );
+
+	if( op->o_preread ) {
+		if( preread_ctrl == NULL ) {
+			preread_ctrl = &ctrls[num_ctrls++];
+			ctrls[num_ctrls] = NULL;
+		}
+		if( slap_read_controls( op, rs, e,
+			&slap_pre_read_bv, preread_ctrl ) )
+		{
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+				": pre-read failed!\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+			if ( op->o_preread & SLAP_CONTROL_CRITICAL ) {
+				/* FIXME: is it correct to abort
+				 * operation if control fails? */
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* delete old DN
+	 * If moving to a new parent, must delete current subtree count,
+	 * otherwise leave it unchanged since we'll be adding it right back.
+	 */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2id_delete( op, mc, e->e_id, np ? nsubs : 0 );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": dn2id del failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "DN index delete fail";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* copy the entry, then override some fields */
+	dummy = *e;
+	dummy.e_name = new_dn;
+	dummy.e_nname = new_ndn;
+	dummy.e_attrs = NULL;
+
+	/* add new DN */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2id_add( op, mc, mc, np ? np->e_id : p->e_id,
+		nsubs, np != NULL, &dummy );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": dn2id add failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "DN index add failed";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	dummy.e_attrs = e->e_attrs;
+
+	/* modify entry */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_modify_internal( op, txn, op->orr_modlist, &dummy,
+		&rs->sr_text, textbuf, textlen );
+	if( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": modify failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		if ( dummy.e_attrs == e->e_attrs ) dummy.e_attrs = NULL;
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	/* id2entry index */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_id2entry_update( op, txn, NULL, &dummy );
+	if ( rs->sr_err != 0 ) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+			": id2entry failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+		rs->sr_text = "entry update failed";
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	if ( p_ndn.bv_len != 0 ) {
+		if ((parent_is_glue = is_entry_glue(p))) {
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2id_children( op, txn, p );
+			if ( rs->sr_err != MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+				switch( rs->sr_err ) {
+				case 0:
+					break;
+				default:
+					Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+						"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+						": has_children failed: %s (%d)\n",
+						mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err, 0 );
+					rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+					rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+					goto return_results;
+				}
+			} else {
+				parent_is_leaf = 1;
+			}
+		}
+		mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+		p = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if( op->o_postread ) {
+		if( postread_ctrl == NULL ) {
+			postread_ctrl = &ctrls[num_ctrls++];
+			ctrls[num_ctrls] = NULL;
+		}
+		if( slap_read_controls( op, rs, &dummy,
+			&slap_post_read_bv, postread_ctrl ) )
+		{
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+				": post-read failed!\n", 0, 0, 0 );
+			if ( op->o_postread & SLAP_CONTROL_CRITICAL ) {
+				/* FIXME: is it correct to abort
+				 * operation if control fails? */
+				goto return_results;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &opinfo.moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+		opinfo.moi_oe.oe_key = NULL;
+		if( op->o_noop ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_X_NO_OPERATION;
+			txn = NULL;
+			/* Only free attrs if they were dup'd.  */
+			if ( dummy.e_attrs == e->e_attrs ) dummy.e_attrs = NULL;
+			goto return_results;
+
+		} else {
+			if(( rs->sr_err=mdb_txn_commit( txn )) != 0 ) {
+				rs->sr_text = "txn_commit failed";
+			} else {
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+			}
+			txn = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn) ": %s : %s (%d)\n",
+			rs->sr_text, mdb_strerror(rs->sr_err), rs->sr_err );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+
+		goto return_results;
+	}
+
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_modrdn)
+		": rdn modified%s id=%08lx dn=\"%s\"\n",
+		op->o_noop ? " (no-op)" : "",
+		dummy.e_id, op->o_req_dn.bv_val );
+	rs->sr_text = NULL;
+	if( num_ctrls ) rs->sr_ctrls = ctrls;
+
+return_results:
+	if ( dummy.e_attrs ) {
+		attrs_free( dummy.e_attrs );
+	}
+	send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+#if 0
+	if( rs->sr_err == LDAP_SUCCESS && mdb->bi_txn_cp_kbyte ) {
+		TXN_CHECKPOINT( mdb->bi_dbenv,
+			mdb->bi_txn_cp_kbyte, mdb->bi_txn_cp_min, 0 );
+	}
+#endif
+
+	if ( rs->sr_err == LDAP_SUCCESS && parent_is_glue && parent_is_leaf ) {
+		op->o_delete_glue_parent = 1;
+	}
+
+done:
+	slap_graduate_commit_csn( op );
+
+	if( new_ndn.bv_val != NULL ) op->o_tmpfree( new_ndn.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	if( new_dn.bv_val != NULL ) op->o_tmpfree( new_dn.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+
+	/* LDAP v3 Support */
+	if( np != NULL ) {
+		/* free new parent */
+		mdb_entry_return( op, np );
+	}
+
+	if( p != NULL ) {
+		/* free parent */
+		mdb_entry_return( op, p );
+	}
+
+	/* free entry */
+	if( e != NULL ) {
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+	}
+
+	if( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		if( txn != NULL ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( txn );
+		}
+		if ( opinfo.moi_oe.oe_key ) {
+			LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &opinfo.moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+		}
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+
+	if( preread_ctrl != NULL && (*preread_ctrl) != NULL ) {
+		slap_sl_free( (*preread_ctrl)->ldctl_value.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		slap_sl_free( *preread_ctrl, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+	if( postread_ctrl != NULL && (*postread_ctrl) != NULL ) {
+		slap_sl_free( (*postread_ctrl)->ldctl_value.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		slap_sl_free( *postread_ctrl, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	}
+	return rs->sr_err;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/monitor.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/monitor.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b7feac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/monitor.c
@@ -0,0 +1,657 @@
+/* monitor.c - monitor mdb backend */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/unistd.h>
+#include <ac/stdlib.h>
+#include <ac/errno.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include "lutil.h"
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+#include "../back-monitor/back-monitor.h"
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+static ObjectClass		*oc_olmMDBDatabase;
+
+static AttributeDescription *ad_olmDbDirectory;
+
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+static int
+mdb_monitor_idx_entry_add(
+	struct mdb_info	*mdb,
+	Entry		*e );
+
+static AttributeDescription	*ad_olmDbNotIndexed;
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+/*
+ * NOTE: there's some confusion in monitor OID arc;
+ * by now, let's consider:
+ * 
+ * Subsystems monitor attributes	1.3.6.1.4.1.4203.666.1.55.0
+ * Databases monitor attributes		1.3.6.1.4.1.4203.666.1.55.0.1
+ * MDB database monitor attributes	1.3.6.1.4.1.4203.666.1.55.0.1.3
+ *
+ * Subsystems monitor objectclasses	1.3.6.1.4.1.4203.666.3.16.0
+ * Databases monitor objectclasses	1.3.6.1.4.1.4203.666.3.16.0.1
+ * MDB database monitor objectclasses	1.3.6.1.4.1.4203.666.3.16.0.1.3
+ */
+
+static struct {
+	char			*name;
+	char			*oid;
+}		s_oid[] = {
+	{ "olmMDBAttributes",			"olmDatabaseAttributes:1" },
+	{ "olmMDBObjectClasses",		"olmDatabaseObjectClasses:1" },
+
+	{ NULL }
+};
+
+static struct {
+	char			*desc;
+	AttributeDescription	**ad;
+}		s_at[] = {
+	{ "( olmDatabaseAttributes:1 "
+		"NAME ( 'olmDbDirectory' ) "
+		"DESC 'Path name of the directory "
+			"where the database environment resides' "
+		"SUP monitoredInfo "
+		"NO-USER-MODIFICATION "
+		"USAGE dSAOperation )",
+		&ad_olmDbDirectory },
+
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+	{ "( olmDatabaseAttributes:2 "
+		"NAME ( 'olmDbNotIndexed' ) "
+		"DESC 'Missing indexes resulting from candidate selection' "
+		"SUP monitoredInfo "
+		"NO-USER-MODIFICATION "
+		"USAGE dSAOperation )",
+		&ad_olmDbNotIndexed },
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+	{ NULL }
+};
+
+static struct {
+	char		*desc;
+	ObjectClass	**oc;
+}		s_oc[] = {
+	/* augments an existing object, so it must be AUXILIARY
+	 * FIXME: derive from some ABSTRACT "monitoredEntity"? */
+	{ "( olmMDBObjectClasses:2 "
+		"NAME ( 'olmMDBDatabase' ) "
+		"SUP top AUXILIARY "
+		"MAY ( "
+			"olmDbDirectory "
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+			"$ olmDbNotIndexed "
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+			") )",
+		&oc_olmMDBDatabase },
+
+	{ NULL }
+};
+
+static int
+mdb_monitor_update(
+	Operation	*op,
+	SlapReply	*rs,
+	Entry		*e,
+	void		*priv )
+{
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+	struct mdb_info		*mdb = (struct mdb_info *) priv;
+
+	mdb_monitor_idx_entry_add( mdb, e );
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+	return SLAP_CB_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+#if 0	/* uncomment if required */
+static int
+mdb_monitor_modify(
+	Operation	*op,
+	SlapReply	*rs,
+	Entry		*e,
+	void		*priv )
+{
+	return SLAP_CB_CONTINUE;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+mdb_monitor_free(
+	Entry		*e,
+	void		**priv )
+{
+	struct berval	values[ 2 ];
+	Modification	mod = { 0 };
+
+	const char	*text;
+	char		textbuf[ SLAP_TEXT_BUFLEN ];
+
+	int		i, rc;
+
+	/* NOTE: if slap_shutdown != 0, priv might have already been freed */
+	*priv = NULL;
+
+	/* Remove objectClass */
+	mod.sm_op = LDAP_MOD_DELETE;
+	mod.sm_desc = slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass;
+	mod.sm_values = values;
+	mod.sm_numvals = 1;
+	values[ 0 ] = oc_olmMDBDatabase->soc_cname;
+	BER_BVZERO( &values[ 1 ] );
+
+	rc = modify_delete_values( e, &mod, 1, &text,
+		textbuf, sizeof( textbuf ) );
+	/* don't care too much about return code... */
+
+	/* remove attrs */
+	mod.sm_values = NULL;
+	mod.sm_numvals = 0;
+	for ( i = 0; s_at[ i ].desc != NULL; i++ ) {
+		mod.sm_desc = *s_at[ i ].ad;
+		rc = modify_delete_values( e, &mod, 1, &text,
+			textbuf, sizeof( textbuf ) );
+		/* don't care too much about return code... */
+	}
+	
+	return SLAP_CB_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call from within mdb_initialize()
+ */
+static int
+mdb_monitor_initialize( void )
+{
+	int		i, code;
+	ConfigArgs c;
+	char	*argv[ 3 ];
+
+	static int	mdb_monitor_initialized = 0;
+
+	/* set to 0 when successfully initialized; otherwise, remember failure */
+	static int	mdb_monitor_initialized_failure = 1;
+
+	if ( mdb_monitor_initialized++ ) {
+		return mdb_monitor_initialized_failure;
+	}
+
+	if ( backend_info( "monitor" ) == NULL ) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* register schema here */
+
+	argv[ 0 ] = "back-mdb monitor";
+	c.argv = argv;
+	c.argc = 3;
+	c.fname = argv[0];
+
+	for ( i = 0; s_oid[ i ].name; i++ ) {
+		c.lineno = i;
+		argv[ 1 ] = s_oid[ i ].name;
+		argv[ 2 ] = s_oid[ i ].oid;
+
+		if ( parse_oidm( &c, 0, NULL ) != 0 ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_monitor_initialize)
+				": unable to add "
+				"objectIdentifier \"%s=%s\"\n",
+				s_oid[ i ].name, s_oid[ i ].oid, 0 );
+			return 2;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for ( i = 0; s_at[ i ].desc != NULL; i++ ) {
+		code = register_at( s_at[ i ].desc, s_at[ i ].ad, 1 );
+		if ( code != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_monitor_initialize)
+				": register_at failed for attributeType (%s)\n",
+				s_at[ i ].desc, 0, 0 );
+			return 3;
+
+		} else {
+			(*s_at[ i ].ad)->ad_type->sat_flags |= SLAP_AT_HIDE;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for ( i = 0; s_oc[ i ].desc != NULL; i++ ) {
+		code = register_oc( s_oc[ i ].desc, s_oc[ i ].oc, 1 );
+		if ( code != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_monitor_initialize)
+				": register_oc failed for objectClass (%s)\n",
+				s_oc[ i ].desc, 0, 0 );
+			return 4;
+
+		} else {
+			(*s_oc[ i ].oc)->soc_flags |= SLAP_OC_HIDE;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ( mdb_monitor_initialized_failure = LDAP_SUCCESS );
+}
+
+/*
+ * call from within mdb_db_init()
+ */
+int
+mdb_monitor_db_init( BackendDB *be )
+{
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+	struct mdb_info		*mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+	if ( mdb_monitor_initialize() == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		/* monitoring in back-mdb is on by default */
+		SLAP_DBFLAGS( be ) |= SLAP_DBFLAG_MONITORING;
+	}
+
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+	mdb->mi_idx = NULL;
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_init( &mdb->mi_idx_mutex );
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call from within mdb_db_open()
+ */
+int
+mdb_monitor_db_open( BackendDB *be )
+{
+	struct mdb_info		*mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	Attribute		*a, *next;
+	monitor_callback_t	*cb = NULL;
+	int			rc = 0;
+	BackendInfo		*mi;
+	monitor_extra_t		*mbe;
+
+	if ( !SLAP_DBMONITORING( be ) ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	mi = backend_info( "monitor" );
+	if ( !mi || !mi->bi_extra ) {
+		SLAP_DBFLAGS( be ) ^= SLAP_DBFLAG_MONITORING;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	mbe = mi->bi_extra;
+
+	/* don't bother if monitor is not configured */
+	if ( !mbe->is_configured() ) {
+		static int warning = 0;
+
+		if ( warning++ == 0 ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_monitor_db_open)
+				": monitoring disabled; "
+				"configure monitor database to enable\n",
+				0, 0, 0 );
+		}
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* alloc as many as required (plus 1 for objectClass) */
+	a = attrs_alloc( 1 + 1 );
+	if ( a == NULL ) {
+		rc = 1;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	a->a_desc = slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass;
+	attr_valadd( a, &oc_olmMDBDatabase->soc_cname, NULL, 1 );
+	next = a->a_next;
+
+	{
+		struct berval	bv, nbv;
+		ber_len_t	pathlen = 0, len = 0;
+		char		path[ MAXPATHLEN ] = { '\0' };
+		char		*fname = mdb->mi_dbenv_home,
+				*ptr;
+
+		len = strlen( fname );
+		if ( fname[ 0 ] != '/' ) {
+			/* get full path name */
+			getcwd( path, sizeof( path ) );
+			pathlen = strlen( path );
+
+			if ( fname[ 0 ] == '.' && fname[ 1 ] == '/' ) {
+				fname += 2;
+				len -= 2;
+			}
+		}
+
+		bv.bv_len = pathlen + STRLENOF( "/" ) + len;
+		ptr = bv.bv_val = ch_malloc( bv.bv_len + STRLENOF( "/" ) + 1 );
+		if ( pathlen ) {
+			ptr = lutil_strncopy( ptr, path, pathlen );
+			ptr[ 0 ] = '/';
+			ptr++;
+		}
+		ptr = lutil_strncopy( ptr, fname, len );
+		if ( ptr[ -1 ] != '/' ) {
+			ptr[ 0 ] = '/';
+			ptr++;
+		}
+		ptr[ 0 ] = '\0';
+		
+		attr_normalize_one( ad_olmDbDirectory, &bv, &nbv, NULL );
+
+		next->a_desc = ad_olmDbDirectory;
+		next->a_vals = ch_calloc( sizeof( struct berval ), 2 );
+		next->a_vals[ 0 ] = bv;
+		next->a_numvals = 1;
+
+		if ( BER_BVISNULL( &nbv ) ) {
+			next->a_nvals = next->a_vals;
+
+		} else {
+			next->a_nvals = ch_calloc( sizeof( struct berval ), 2 );
+			next->a_nvals[ 0 ] = nbv;
+		}
+
+		next = next->a_next;
+	}
+
+	cb = ch_calloc( sizeof( monitor_callback_t ), 1 );
+	cb->mc_update = mdb_monitor_update;
+#if 0	/* uncomment if required */
+	cb->mc_modify = mdb_monitor_modify;
+#endif
+	cb->mc_free = mdb_monitor_free;
+	cb->mc_private = (void *)mdb;
+
+	/* make sure the database is registered; then add monitor attributes */
+	rc = mbe->register_database( be, &mdb->mi_monitor.mdm_ndn );
+	if ( rc == 0 ) {
+		rc = mbe->register_entry_attrs( &mdb->mi_monitor.mdm_ndn, a, cb,
+			NULL, -1, NULL );
+	}
+
+cleanup:;
+	if ( rc != 0 ) {
+		if ( cb != NULL ) {
+			ch_free( cb );
+			cb = NULL;
+		}
+
+		if ( a != NULL ) {
+			attrs_free( a );
+			a = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* store for cleanup */
+	mdb->mi_monitor.mdm_cb = (void *)cb;
+
+	/* we don't need to keep track of the attributes, because
+	 * mdb_monitor_free() takes care of everything */
+	if ( a != NULL ) {
+		attrs_free( a );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call from within mdb_db_close()
+ */
+int
+mdb_monitor_db_close( BackendDB *be )
+{
+	struct mdb_info		*mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+
+	if ( !BER_BVISNULL( &mdb->mi_monitor.mdm_ndn ) ) {
+		BackendInfo		*mi = backend_info( "monitor" );
+		monitor_extra_t		*mbe;
+
+		if ( mi && &mi->bi_extra ) {
+			mbe = mi->bi_extra;
+			mbe->unregister_entry_callback( &mdb->mi_monitor.mdm_ndn,
+				(monitor_callback_t *)mdb->mi_monitor.mdm_cb,
+				NULL, 0, NULL );
+		}
+
+		memset( &mdb->mi_monitor, 0, sizeof( mdb->mi_monitor ) );
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call from within mdb_db_destroy()
+ */
+int
+mdb_monitor_db_destroy( BackendDB *be )
+{
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+	struct mdb_info		*mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+
+	/* TODO: free tree */
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_destroy( &mdb->mi_idx_mutex );
+	avl_free( mdb->mi_idx, ch_free );
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+
+#define MDB_MONITOR_IDX_TYPES	(4)
+
+typedef struct monitor_idx_t monitor_idx_t;
+
+struct monitor_idx_t {
+	AttributeDescription	*idx_ad;
+	unsigned long		idx_count[MDB_MONITOR_IDX_TYPES];
+};
+
+static int
+mdb_monitor_bitmask2key( slap_mask_t bitmask )
+{
+	int	key;
+
+	for ( key = 0; key < 8 * (int)sizeof(slap_mask_t) && !( bitmask & 0x1U );
+			key++ )
+		bitmask >>= 1;
+
+	return key;
+}
+
+static struct berval idxbv[] = {
+	BER_BVC( "present=" ),
+	BER_BVC( "equality=" ),
+	BER_BVC( "approx=" ),
+	BER_BVC( "substr=" ),
+	BER_BVNULL
+};
+
+static ber_len_t
+mdb_monitor_idx2len( monitor_idx_t *idx )
+{
+	int		i;
+	ber_len_t	len = 0;
+
+	for ( i = 0; i < MDB_MONITOR_IDX_TYPES; i++ ) {
+		if ( idx->idx_count[ i ] != 0 ) {
+			len += idxbv[i].bv_len;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+static int
+monitor_idx_cmp( const void *p1, const void *p2 )
+{
+	const monitor_idx_t	*idx1 = (const monitor_idx_t *)p1;
+	const monitor_idx_t	*idx2 = (const monitor_idx_t *)p2;
+
+	return SLAP_PTRCMP( idx1->idx_ad, idx2->idx_ad );
+}
+
+static int
+monitor_idx_dup( void *p1, void *p2 )
+{
+	monitor_idx_t	*idx1 = (monitor_idx_t *)p1;
+	monitor_idx_t	*idx2 = (monitor_idx_t *)p2;
+
+	return SLAP_PTRCMP( idx1->idx_ad, idx2->idx_ad ) == 0 ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_monitor_idx_add(
+	struct mdb_info		*mdb,
+	AttributeDescription	*desc,
+	slap_mask_t		type )
+{
+	monitor_idx_t		idx_dummy = { 0 },
+				*idx;
+	int			rc = 0, key;
+
+	idx_dummy.idx_ad = desc;
+	key = mdb_monitor_bitmask2key( type ) - 1;
+	if ( key >= MDB_MONITOR_IDX_TYPES ) {
+		/* invalid index type */
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &mdb->mi_idx_mutex );
+
+	idx = (monitor_idx_t *)avl_find( mdb->mi_idx,
+		(caddr_t)&idx_dummy, monitor_idx_cmp );
+	if ( idx == NULL ) {
+		idx = (monitor_idx_t *)ch_calloc( sizeof( monitor_idx_t ), 1 );
+		idx->idx_ad = desc;
+		idx->idx_count[ key ] = 1;
+
+		switch ( avl_insert( &mdb->mi_idx, (caddr_t)idx, 
+			monitor_idx_cmp, monitor_idx_dup ) )
+		{
+		case 0:
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			ch_free( idx );
+			rc = -1;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		idx->idx_count[ key ]++;
+	}
+
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &mdb->mi_idx_mutex );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_monitor_idx_apply( void *v_idx, void *v_valp )
+{
+	monitor_idx_t	*idx = (monitor_idx_t *)v_idx;
+	BerVarray	*valp = (BerVarray *)v_valp;
+
+	struct berval	bv;
+	char		*ptr;
+	char		count_buf[ MDB_MONITOR_IDX_TYPES ][ SLAP_TEXT_BUFLEN ];
+	ber_len_t	count_len[ MDB_MONITOR_IDX_TYPES ],
+			idx_len;
+	int		i, num = 0;
+
+	idx_len = mdb_monitor_idx2len( idx );
+
+	bv.bv_len = 0;
+	for ( i = 0; i < MDB_MONITOR_IDX_TYPES; i++ ) {
+		if ( idx->idx_count[ i ] == 0 ) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		count_len[ i ] = snprintf( count_buf[ i ],
+			sizeof( count_buf[ i ] ), "%lu", idx->idx_count[ i ] );
+		bv.bv_len += count_len[ i ];
+		num++;
+	}
+
+	bv.bv_len += idx->idx_ad->ad_cname.bv_len
+		+ num
+		+ idx_len;
+	ptr = bv.bv_val = ch_malloc( bv.bv_len + 1 );
+	ptr = lutil_strcopy( ptr, idx->idx_ad->ad_cname.bv_val );
+	for ( i = 0; i < MDB_MONITOR_IDX_TYPES; i++ ) {
+		if ( idx->idx_count[ i ] == 0 ) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		ptr[ 0 ] = '#';
+		++ptr;
+		ptr = lutil_strcopy( ptr, idxbv[ i ].bv_val );
+		ptr = lutil_strcopy( ptr, count_buf[ i ] );
+	}
+
+	ber_bvarray_add( valp, &bv );
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_monitor_idx_entry_add(
+	struct mdb_info	*mdb,
+	Entry		*e )
+{
+	BerVarray	vals = NULL;
+	Attribute	*a;
+
+	a = attr_find( e->e_attrs, ad_olmDbNotIndexed );
+
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &mdb->mi_idx_mutex );
+
+	avl_apply( mdb->mi_idx, mdb_monitor_idx_apply,
+		&vals, -1, AVL_INORDER );
+
+	ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &mdb->mi_idx_mutex );
+
+	if ( vals != NULL ) {
+		if ( a != NULL ) {
+			assert( a->a_nvals == a->a_vals );
+
+			ber_bvarray_free( a->a_vals );
+
+		} else {
+			Attribute	**ap;
+
+			for ( ap = &e->e_attrs; *ap != NULL; ap = &(*ap)->a_next )
+				;
+			*ap = attr_alloc( ad_olmDbNotIndexed );
+			a = *ap;
+		}
+		a->a_vals = vals;
+		a->a_nvals = a->a_vals;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/nextid.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/nextid.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad57c32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/nextid.c
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/* init.c - initialize mdb backend */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+int mdb_next_id( BackendDB *be, MDB_cursor *mc, ID *out )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	int rc;
+	ID id = 0;
+	MDB_val key;
+
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get(mc, &key, NULL, MDB_LAST);
+
+	switch(rc) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		rc = 0;
+		*out = 1;
+		break;
+	case 0:
+		memcpy( &id, key.mv_data, sizeof( id ));
+		*out = ++id;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"=> mdb_next_id: get failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+		goto done;
+	}
+	mdb->mi_nextid = *out;
+
+done:
+	return rc;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/operational.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/operational.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..566fa7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/operational.c
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/* operational.c - mdb backend operational attributes function */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/socket.h>
+
+#include "slap.h"
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+/*
+ * sets *hasSubordinates to LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE/LDAP_COMPARE_FALSE
+ * if the entry has children or not.
+ */
+int
+mdb_hasSubordinates(
+	Operation	*op,
+	Entry		*e,
+	int		*hasSubordinates )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	MDB_txn		*rtxn;
+	mdb_op_info	opinfo = {{{0}}}, *moi = &opinfo;
+	int		rc;
+	
+	assert( e != NULL );
+
+	rc = mdb_opinfo_get(op, mdb, 1, &moi);
+	switch(rc) {
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	default:
+		rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	rtxn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	rc = mdb_dn2id_children( op, rtxn, e );
+
+	switch( rc ) {
+	case 0:
+		*hasSubordinates = LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE;
+		break;
+
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		*hasSubordinates = LDAP_COMPARE_FALSE;
+		rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, 
+			"<=- " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_hasSubordinates)
+			": has_children failed: %s (%d)\n", 
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+		rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+	}
+
+done:;
+	if ( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		mdb_txn_reset( moi->moi_txn );
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &moi->moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * sets the supported operational attributes (if required)
+ */
+int
+mdb_operational(
+	Operation	*op,
+	SlapReply	*rs )
+{
+	Attribute	**ap;
+
+	assert( rs->sr_entry != NULL );
+
+	for ( ap = &rs->sr_operational_attrs; *ap; ap = &(*ap)->a_next ) {
+		if ( (*ap)->a_desc == slap_schema.si_ad_hasSubordinates ) {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ( *ap == NULL &&
+		attr_find( rs->sr_entry->e_attrs, slap_schema.si_ad_hasSubordinates ) == NULL &&
+		( SLAP_OPATTRS( rs->sr_attr_flags ) ||
+			ad_inlist( slap_schema.si_ad_hasSubordinates, rs->sr_attrs ) ) )
+	{
+		int	hasSubordinates, rc;
+
+		rc = mdb_hasSubordinates( op, rs->sr_entry, &hasSubordinates );
+		if ( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			*ap = slap_operational_hasSubordinate( hasSubordinates == LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE );
+			assert( *ap != NULL );
+
+			ap = &(*ap)->a_next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return LDAP_SUCCESS;
+}
+
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/proto-mdb.h b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/proto-mdb.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5508996
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/proto-mdb.h
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _PROTO_MDB_H
+#define _PROTO_MDB_H
+
+LDAP_BEGIN_DECL
+
+#define MDB_UCTYPE	"MDB"
+
+/*
+ * attr.c
+ */
+
+AttrInfo *mdb_attr_mask( struct mdb_info *mdb,
+	AttributeDescription *desc );
+
+void mdb_attr_flush( struct mdb_info *mdb );
+
+int mdb_attr_slot( struct mdb_info *mdb,
+	AttributeDescription *desc, int *insert );
+
+int mdb_attr_dbs_open( BackendDB *be, MDB_txn *txn, struct config_reply_s *cr );
+void mdb_attr_dbs_close( struct mdb_info *mdb );
+
+int mdb_attr_index_config LDAP_P(( struct mdb_info *mdb,
+	const char *fname, int lineno,
+	int argc, char **argv, struct config_reply_s *cr ));
+
+void mdb_attr_index_unparse LDAP_P(( struct mdb_info *mdb, BerVarray *bva ));
+void mdb_attr_index_destroy LDAP_P(( struct mdb_info *mdb ));
+void mdb_attr_index_free LDAP_P(( struct mdb_info *mdb,
+	AttributeDescription *ad ));
+
+void mdb_attr_info_free( AttrInfo *ai );
+
+int mdb_ad_read( struct mdb_info *mdb, MDB_txn *txn );
+int mdb_ad_get( struct mdb_info *mdb, MDB_txn *txn, AttributeDescription *ad );
+
+/*
+ * config.c
+ */
+
+int mdb_back_init_cf( BackendInfo *bi );
+
+/*
+ * dn2entry.c
+ */
+
+int mdb_dn2entry LDAP_P(( Operation *op, MDB_txn *tid, MDB_cursor *mc,
+	struct berval *dn, Entry **e, ID *nsubs, int matched ));
+
+/*
+ * dn2id.c
+ */
+
+int mdb_dn2id(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	struct berval *ndn,
+	ID *id,
+	ID *nsubs,
+	struct berval *matched,
+	struct berval *nmatched );
+
+int mdb_dn2id_add(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_cursor *mcp,
+	MDB_cursor *mcd,
+	ID pid,
+	ID nsubs,
+	int upsub,
+	Entry *e );
+
+int mdb_dn2id_delete(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	ID id,
+	ID nsubs );
+
+int mdb_dn2id_children(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	Entry *e );
+
+int mdb_dn2sups (
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	struct berval *dn,
+	ID *sups
+	);
+
+int mdb_dn2idl(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	struct berval *ndn,
+	ID eid,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *stack );
+
+int mdb_dn2id_parent(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	ID eid,
+	ID *idp );
+
+int mdb_id2name(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_cursor **cursp,
+	ID eid,
+	struct berval *name,
+	struct berval *nname);
+
+int mdb_idscope(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	ID base,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *res );
+
+struct IdScopes;
+
+int mdb_idscopes(
+	Operation *op,
+	struct IdScopes *isc );
+
+int mdb_idscopechk(
+	Operation *op,
+	struct IdScopes *isc );
+
+int mdb_dn2id_walk(
+	Operation *op,
+	struct IdScopes *isc );
+
+void mdb_dn2id_wrestore(
+	Operation *op,
+	struct IdScopes *isc );
+
+MDB_cmp_func mdb_dup_compare;
+
+/*
+ * filterentry.c
+ */
+
+int mdb_filter_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	Filter	*f,
+	ID *ids,
+	ID *tmp,
+	ID *stack );
+
+/*
+ * id2entry.c
+ */
+
+int mdb_id2entry_add(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	Entry *e );
+
+int mdb_id2entry_update(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	Entry *e );
+
+int mdb_id2entry_delete(
+	BackendDB *be,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	Entry *e);
+
+int mdb_id2entry(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	ID id,
+	Entry **e);
+
+int mdb_id2edata(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	ID id,
+	MDB_val *data);
+
+int mdb_entry_return( Operation *op, Entry *e );
+BI_entry_release_rw mdb_entry_release;
+BI_entry_get_rw mdb_entry_get;
+
+int mdb_entry_decode( Operation *op, MDB_txn *txn, MDB_val *data, Entry **e );
+
+void mdb_reader_flush( MDB_env *env );
+int mdb_opinfo_get( Operation *op, struct mdb_info *mdb, int rdonly, mdb_op_info **moi );
+
+/*
+ * idl.c
+ */
+
+unsigned mdb_idl_search( ID *ids, ID id );
+
+int mdb_idl_fetch_key(
+	BackendDB	*be,
+	MDB_txn		*txn,
+	MDB_dbi		dbi,
+	MDB_val		*key,
+	ID			*ids,
+	MDB_cursor	**saved_cursor,
+	int                     get_flag );
+
+int mdb_idl_insert( ID *ids, ID id );
+
+typedef int (mdb_idl_keyfunc)(
+	BackendDB *be,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	struct berval *key,
+	ID id );
+
+mdb_idl_keyfunc mdb_idl_insert_keys;
+mdb_idl_keyfunc mdb_idl_delete_keys;
+
+int
+mdb_idl_intersection(
+	ID *a,
+	ID *b );
+
+int
+mdb_idl_union(
+	ID *a,
+	ID *b );
+
+ID mdb_idl_first( ID *ids, ID *cursor );
+ID mdb_idl_next( ID *ids, ID *cursor );
+
+void mdb_idl_sort( ID *ids, ID *tmp );
+int mdb_idl_append( ID *a, ID *b );
+int mdb_idl_append_one( ID *ids, ID id );
+
+
+/*
+ * index.c
+ */
+
+extern AttrInfo *
+mdb_index_mask LDAP_P((
+	Backend *be,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	struct berval *name ));
+
+extern int
+mdb_index_param LDAP_P((
+	Backend *be,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	int ftype,
+	MDB_dbi *dbi,
+	slap_mask_t *mask,
+	struct berval *prefix ));
+
+extern int
+mdb_index_values LDAP_P((
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	AttributeDescription *desc,
+	BerVarray vals,
+	ID id,
+	int opid ));
+
+extern int
+mdb_index_recset LDAP_P((
+	struct mdb_info *mdb,
+	Attribute *a,
+	AttributeType *type,
+	struct berval *tags,
+	IndexRec *ir ));
+
+extern int
+mdb_index_recrun LDAP_P((
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	struct mdb_info *mdb,
+	IndexRec *ir,
+	ID id,
+	int base ));
+
+int mdb_index_entry LDAP_P(( Operation *op, MDB_txn *t, int r, Entry *e ));
+
+#define mdb_index_entry_add(op,t,e) \
+	mdb_index_entry((op),(t),SLAP_INDEX_ADD_OP,(e))
+#define mdb_index_entry_del(op,t,e) \
+	mdb_index_entry((op),(t),SLAP_INDEX_DELETE_OP,(e))
+
+/*
+ * key.c
+ */
+
+extern int
+mdb_key_read(
+    Backend	*be,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	MDB_dbi dbi,
+    struct berval *k,
+	ID *ids,
+    MDB_cursor **saved_cursor,
+        int get_flags );
+
+/*
+ * nextid.c
+ */
+
+int mdb_next_id( BackendDB *be, MDB_cursor *mc, ID *id );
+
+/*
+ * modify.c
+ */
+
+int mdb_modify_internal(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	Modifications *modlist,
+	Entry *e,
+	const char **text,
+	char *textbuf,
+	size_t textlen );
+
+/*
+ * monitor.c
+ */
+
+int mdb_monitor_db_init( BackendDB *be );
+int mdb_monitor_db_open( BackendDB *be );
+int mdb_monitor_db_close( BackendDB *be );
+int mdb_monitor_db_destroy( BackendDB *be );
+
+#ifdef MDB_MONITOR_IDX
+int
+mdb_monitor_idx_add(
+	struct mdb_info		*mdb,
+	AttributeDescription	*desc,
+	slap_mask_t		type );
+#endif /* MDB_MONITOR_IDX */
+
+/*
+ * former external.h
+ */
+
+extern BI_init				mdb_back_initialize;
+
+extern BI_db_config			mdb_db_config;
+
+extern BI_op_add			mdb_add;
+extern BI_op_bind			mdb_bind;
+extern BI_op_compare			mdb_compare;
+extern BI_op_delete			mdb_delete;
+extern BI_op_modify			mdb_modify;
+extern BI_op_modrdn			mdb_modrdn;
+extern BI_op_search			mdb_search;
+extern BI_op_extended			mdb_extended;
+
+extern BI_chk_referrals			mdb_referrals;
+
+extern BI_operational			mdb_operational;
+
+extern BI_has_subordinates 		mdb_hasSubordinates;
+
+/* tools.c */
+extern BI_tool_entry_open		mdb_tool_entry_open;
+extern BI_tool_entry_close		mdb_tool_entry_close;
+extern BI_tool_entry_first_x		mdb_tool_entry_first_x;
+extern BI_tool_entry_next		mdb_tool_entry_next;
+extern BI_tool_entry_get		mdb_tool_entry_get;
+extern BI_tool_entry_put		mdb_tool_entry_put;
+extern BI_tool_entry_reindex		mdb_tool_entry_reindex;
+extern BI_tool_dn2id_get		mdb_tool_dn2id_get;
+extern BI_tool_entry_modify		mdb_tool_entry_modify;
+
+extern mdb_idl_keyfunc mdb_tool_idl_add;
+
+LDAP_END_DECL
+
+#endif /* _PROTO_MDB_H */
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/referral.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/referral.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..469fa19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/referral.c
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/* referral.c - MDB backend referral handler */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+
+int
+mdb_referrals( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	Entry *e = NULL;
+	int rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+
+	MDB_txn		*rtxn;
+	mdb_op_info	opinfo = {0}, *moi = &opinfo;
+
+	if( op->o_tag == LDAP_REQ_SEARCH ) {
+		/* let search take care of itself */
+		return rc;
+	}
+
+	if( get_manageDSAit( op ) ) {
+		/* let op take care of DSA management */
+		return rc;
+	} 
+
+	rc = mdb_opinfo_get(op, mdb, 1, &moi);
+	switch(rc) {
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	default:
+		return LDAP_OTHER;
+	}
+
+	rtxn = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	/* get entry */
+	rc = mdb_dn2entry( op, rtxn, &op->o_req_ndn, &e, 1 );
+
+	switch(rc) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		rs->sr_text = "ldap server busy";
+		goto done;
+	default:
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_referrals)
+			": dn2entry failed: %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+		rs->sr_text = "internal error";
+		rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+		rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+		if ( e != NULL ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_referrals)
+				": tag=%lu target=\"%s\" matched=\"%s\"\n",
+				(unsigned long)op->o_tag, op->o_req_dn.bv_val, e->e_name.bv_val );
+
+			if( is_entry_referral( e ) ) {
+				BerVarray ref = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+				rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+				rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( ref, &e->e_name,
+					&op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+				ber_bvarray_free( ref );
+				if ( rs->sr_ref ) {
+					rs->sr_matched = ber_strdup_x(
+					e->e_name.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				}
+			}
+
+			mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+			e = NULL;
+		}
+
+		if( rs->sr_ref != NULL ) {
+			/* send referrals */
+			rc = rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+			rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		} else if ( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			rs->sr_text = rs->sr_matched ? "bad referral object" : NULL;
+		}
+
+		if (rs->sr_matched) {
+			op->o_tmpfree( (char *)rs->sr_matched, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+			rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( is_entry_referral( e ) ) {
+		/* entry is a referral */
+		BerVarray refs = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+		rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite(
+			refs, &e->e_name, &op->o_req_dn, LDAP_SCOPE_DEFAULT );
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_referrals)
+			": tag=%lu target=\"%s\" matched=\"%s\"\n",
+			(unsigned long)op->o_tag, op->o_req_dn.bv_val, e->e_name.bv_val );
+
+		rs->sr_matched = e->e_name.bv_val;
+		if( rs->sr_ref != NULL ) {
+			rc = rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+			rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		} else {
+			rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+			rs->sr_text = "bad referral object";
+		}
+
+		rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+		ber_bvarray_free( refs );
+	}
+
+done:
+	if ( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		mdb_txn_reset( moi->moi_txn );
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &moi->moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+	if ( e )
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+	return rc;
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/search.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/search.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4d58e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/search.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1500 @@
+/* search.c - search operation */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "idl.h"
+
+static int base_candidate(
+	BackendDB	*be,
+	Entry	*e,
+	ID		*ids );
+
+static int search_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	SlapReply *rs,
+	Entry *e,
+	IdScopes *isc,
+	MDB_cursor *mci,
+	ID	*ids,
+	ID *stack );
+
+static int parse_paged_cookie( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs );
+
+static void send_paged_response( 
+	Operation *op,
+	SlapReply *rs,
+	ID  *lastid,
+	int tentries );
+
+/* Dereference aliases for a single alias entry. Return the final
+ * dereferenced entry on success, NULL on any failure.
+ */
+static Entry * deref_base (
+	Operation *op,
+	SlapReply *rs,
+	Entry *e,
+	Entry **matched,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	ID	*tmp,
+	ID	*visited )
+{
+	struct berval ndn;
+
+	rs->sr_err = LDAP_ALIAS_DEREF_PROBLEM;
+	rs->sr_text = "maximum deref depth exceeded";
+
+	for (;;) {
+		/* Remember the last entry we looked at, so we can
+		 * report broken links
+		 */
+		*matched = e;
+
+		if (MDB_IDL_N(tmp) >= op->o_bd->be_max_deref_depth) {
+			e = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* If this is part of a subtree or onelevel search,
+		 * have we seen this ID before? If so, quit.
+		 */
+		if ( visited && mdb_idl_insert( visited, e->e_id ) ) {
+			e = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* If we've seen this ID during this deref iteration,
+		 * we've hit a loop.
+		 */
+		if ( mdb_idl_insert( tmp, e->e_id ) ) {
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_ALIAS_PROBLEM;
+			rs->sr_text = "circular alias";
+			e = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* If there was a problem getting the aliasedObjectName,
+		 * get_alias_dn will have set the error status.
+		 */
+		if ( get_alias_dn(e, &ndn, &rs->sr_err, &rs->sr_text) ) {
+			e = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, txn, NULL, &ndn, &e, NULL, 0 );
+		if (rs->sr_err) {
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_ALIAS_PROBLEM;
+			rs->sr_text = "aliasedObject not found";
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* Free the previous entry, continue to work with the
+		 * one we just retrieved.
+		 */
+		mdb_entry_return( op, *matched );
+
+		/* We found a regular entry. Return this to the caller.
+		 */
+		if (!is_entry_alias(e)) {
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+			rs->sr_text = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return e;
+}
+
+/* Look for and dereference all aliases within the search scope.
+ * Requires "stack" to be able to hold 6 levels of DB_SIZE IDLs.
+ * Of course we're hardcoded to require a minimum of 8 UM_SIZE
+ * IDLs so this is never a problem.
+ */
+static int search_aliases(
+	Operation *op,
+	SlapReply *rs,
+	ID e_id,
+	IdScopes *isc,
+	MDB_cursor *mci,
+	ID *stack )
+{
+	ID *aliases, *curscop, *visited, *newsubs, *oldsubs, *tmp;
+	ID cursora, ida, cursoro, ido;
+	Entry *matched, *a;
+	struct berval bv_alias = BER_BVC( "alias" );
+	AttributeAssertion aa_alias = ATTRIBUTEASSERTION_INIT;
+	Filter	af;
+
+	aliases = stack;	/* IDL of all aliases in the database */
+	curscop = aliases + MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE;	/* Aliases in the current scope */
+	visited = curscop + MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE;	/* IDs we've seen in this search */
+	newsubs = visited + MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE;	/* New subtrees we've added */
+	oldsubs = newsubs + MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE;	/* Subtrees added previously */
+	tmp = oldsubs + MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE;	/* Scratch space for deref_base() */
+
+	af.f_choice = LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY;
+	af.f_ava = &aa_alias;
+	af.f_av_desc = slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass;
+	af.f_av_value = bv_alias;
+	af.f_next = NULL;
+
+	/* Find all aliases in database */
+	MDB_IDL_ZERO( aliases );
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_filter_candidates( op, isc->mt, &af, aliases,
+		curscop, visited );
+	if (rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS || MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO( aliases )) {
+		return rs->sr_err;
+	}
+	oldsubs[0] = 1;
+	oldsubs[1] = e_id;
+
+	MDB_IDL_ZERO( visited );
+	MDB_IDL_ZERO( newsubs );
+
+	cursoro = 0;
+	ido = mdb_idl_first( oldsubs, &cursoro );
+
+	for (;;) {
+		/* Set curscop to only the aliases in the current scope. Start with
+		 * all the aliases, then get the intersection with the scope.
+		 */
+		rs->sr_err = mdb_idscope( op, isc->mt, e_id, aliases, curscop );
+
+		/* Dereference all of the aliases in the current scope. */
+		cursora = 0;
+		for (ida = mdb_idl_first(curscop, &cursora); ida != NOID;
+			ida = mdb_idl_next(curscop, &cursora))
+		{
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_id2entry(op, mci, ida, &a);
+			if (rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/* This should only happen if the curscop IDL has maxed out and
+			 * turned into a range that spans IDs indiscriminately
+			 */
+			if (!is_entry_alias(a)) {
+				mdb_entry_return(op, a);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/* Actually dereference the alias */
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO(tmp);
+			a = deref_base( op, rs, a, &matched, isc->mt,
+				tmp, visited );
+			if (a) {
+				/* If the target was not already in our current scopes,
+				 * make note of it in the newsubs list.
+				 */
+				ID2 mid;
+				mid.mid = a->e_id;
+				mid.mval.mv_data = NULL;
+				if (op->ors_scope == LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE) {
+					isc->id = a->e_id;
+					/* if ID is a child of any of our current scopes,
+					 * ignore it, it's already included.
+					 */
+					if (mdb_idscopechk(op, isc))
+						goto skip;
+				}
+				if (mdb_id2l_insert(isc->scopes, &mid) == 0) {
+					mdb_idl_insert(newsubs, a->e_id);
+				}
+skip:			mdb_entry_return( op, a );
+
+			} else if (matched) {
+				/* Alias could not be dereferenced, or it deref'd to
+				 * an ID we've already seen. Ignore it.
+				 */
+				mdb_entry_return( op, matched );
+				rs->sr_text = NULL;
+				rs->sr_err = 0;
+			}
+		}
+		/* If this is a OneLevel search, we're done; oldsubs only had one
+		 * ID in it. For a Subtree search, oldsubs may be a list of scope IDs.
+		 */
+		if ( op->ors_scope == LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL ) break;
+nextido:
+		ido = mdb_idl_next( oldsubs, &cursoro );
+		
+		/* If we're done processing the old scopes, did we add any new
+		 * scopes in this iteration? If so, go back and do those now.
+		 */
+		if (ido == NOID) {
+			if (MDB_IDL_IS_ZERO(newsubs)) break;
+			MDB_IDL_CPY(oldsubs, newsubs);
+			MDB_IDL_ZERO(newsubs);
+			cursoro = 0;
+			ido = mdb_idl_first( oldsubs, &cursoro );
+		}
+
+		/* Find the entry corresponding to the next scope. If it can't
+		 * be found, ignore it and move on. This should never happen;
+		 * we should never see the ID of an entry that doesn't exist.
+		 */
+		{
+			MDB_val edata;
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_id2edata(op, mci, ido, &edata);
+			if ( rs->sr_err != MDB_SUCCESS ) {
+				goto nextido;
+			}
+			e_id = ido;
+		}
+	}
+	return rs->sr_err;
+}
+
+/* Get the next ID from the DB. Used if the candidate list is
+ * a range and simple iteration hits missing entryIDs
+ */
+static int
+mdb_get_nextid(MDB_cursor *mci, ID *cursor)
+{
+	MDB_val key;
+	ID id;
+	int rc;
+
+	id = *cursor + 1;
+	key.mv_data = &id;
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( mci, &key, NULL, MDB_SET_RANGE );
+	if ( rc )
+		return rc;
+	memcpy( cursor, key.mv_data, sizeof(ID));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void scope_chunk_free( void *key, void *data )
+{
+	ID2 *p1, *p2;
+	for (p1 = data; p1; p1 = p2) {
+		p2 = p1[0].mval.mv_data;
+		ber_memfree_x(p1, NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+static ID2 *scope_chunk_get( Operation *op )
+{
+	ID2 *ret = NULL;
+
+	ldap_pvt_thread_pool_getkey( op->o_threadctx, (void *)scope_chunk_get,
+			(void *)&ret, NULL );
+	if ( !ret ) {
+		ret = ch_malloc( MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE * sizeof( ID2 ));
+	} else {
+		void *r2 = ret[0].mval.mv_data;
+		ldap_pvt_thread_pool_setkey( op->o_threadctx, (void *)scope_chunk_get,
+			r2, scope_chunk_free, NULL, NULL );
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void scope_chunk_ret( Operation *op, ID2 *scopes )
+{
+	void *ret = NULL;
+
+	ldap_pvt_thread_pool_getkey( op->o_threadctx, (void *)scope_chunk_get,
+			&ret, NULL );
+	scopes[0].mval.mv_data = ret;
+	ldap_pvt_thread_pool_setkey( op->o_threadctx, (void *)scope_chunk_get,
+			(void *)scopes, scope_chunk_free, NULL, NULL );
+}
+
+static void *search_stack( Operation *op );
+
+typedef struct ww_ctx {
+	MDB_txn *txn;
+	MDB_cursor *mcd;	/* if set, save cursor context */
+	ID key;
+	MDB_val data;
+	int flag;
+	int nentries;
+} ww_ctx;
+
+/* ITS#7904 if we get blocked while writing results to client,
+ * release the current reader txn and reacquire it after we
+ * unblock.
+ * Slight problem - if we're doing a scope-based walk (mdb_dn2id_walk)
+ * to return results, we need to remember the state of the mcd cursor.
+ * If the node that cursor was pointing to gets deleted while we're
+ * blocked, we may be unable to restore the cursor position. In that
+ * case return an LDAP_BUSY error - let the client know this search
+ * couldn't succeed, but might succeed on a retry.
+ */
+static void
+mdb_rtxn_snap( Operation *op, ww_ctx *ww )
+{
+	/* save cursor position and release read txn */
+	if ( ww->mcd ) {
+		MDB_val key, data;
+		mdb_cursor_get( ww->mcd, &key, &data, MDB_GET_CURRENT );
+		memcpy( &ww->key, key.mv_data, sizeof(ID) );
+		ww->data.mv_size = data.mv_size;
+		ww->data.mv_data = op->o_tmpalloc( data.mv_size, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		memcpy(ww->data.mv_data, data.mv_data, data.mv_size);
+	}
+	mdb_txn_reset( ww->txn );
+	ww->flag = 1;
+}
+
+static void
+mdb_writewait( Operation *op, slap_callback *sc )
+{
+	ww_ctx *ww = sc->sc_private;
+	if ( !ww->flag ) {
+		mdb_rtxn_snap( op, ww );
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_waitfixup( Operation *op, ww_ctx *ww, MDB_cursor *mci, MDB_cursor *mcd, IdScopes *isc )
+{
+	MDB_val key;
+	int rc = 0;
+	ww->flag = 0;
+	mdb_txn_renew( ww->txn );
+	mdb_cursor_renew( ww->txn, mci );
+	mdb_cursor_renew( ww->txn, mcd );
+
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+	if ( ww->mcd ) {	/* scope-based search using dn2id_walk */
+		MDB_val data;
+
+		if ( isc->numrdns )
+			mdb_dn2id_wrestore( op, isc );
+
+		key.mv_data = &ww->key;
+		data = ww->data;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( mcd, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH );
+		if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+			data = ww->data;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( mcd, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH_RANGE );
+			/* the loop will skip this node using NEXT_DUP but we want it
+			 * sent, so go back one space first
+			 */
+			if ( rc == MDB_SUCCESS )
+				mdb_cursor_get( mcd, &key, &data, MDB_PREV_DUP );
+			else
+				rc = LDAP_BUSY;
+		} else if ( rc ) {
+			rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+		}
+		op->o_tmpfree( ww->data.mv_data, op->o_tmpmemctx );
+		ww->data.mv_data = NULL;
+	} else if ( isc->scopes[0].mid > 1 ) {	/* candidate-based search */
+		int i;
+		for ( i=1; i<isc->scopes[0].mid; i++ ) {
+			if ( !isc->scopes[i].mval.mv_data )
+				continue;
+			key.mv_data = &isc->scopes[i].mid;
+			mdb_cursor_get( mcd, &key, &isc->scopes[i].mval, MDB_SET );
+		}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int
+mdb_search( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	ID		id, cursor, nsubs, ncand, cscope;
+	ID		lastid = NOID;
+	ID		candidates[MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE];
+	ID		iscopes[MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE];
+	ID2		*scopes;
+	void	*stack;
+	Entry		*e = NULL, *base = NULL;
+	Entry		*matched = NULL;
+	AttributeName	*attrs;
+	slap_mask_t	mask;
+	time_t		stoptime;
+	int		manageDSAit;
+	int		tentries = 0;
+	IdScopes	isc;
+	MDB_cursor	*mci, *mcd;
+	ww_ctx wwctx;
+	slap_callback cb = { 0 };
+
+	mdb_op_info	opinfo = {{{0}}}, *moi = &opinfo;
+	MDB_txn			*ltid = NULL;
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_search) "\n", 0, 0, 0);
+	attrs = op->oq_search.rs_attrs;
+
+	manageDSAit = get_manageDSAit( op );
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_opinfo_get( op, mdb, 1, &moi );
+	switch(rs->sr_err) {
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	default:
+		send_ldap_error( op, rs, LDAP_OTHER, "internal error" );
+		return rs->sr_err;
+	}
+
+	ltid = moi->moi_txn;
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_cursor_open( ltid, mdb->mi_id2entry, &mci );
+	if ( rs->sr_err ) {
+		send_ldap_error( op, rs, LDAP_OTHER, "internal error" );
+		return rs->sr_err;
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_cursor_open( ltid, mdb->mi_dn2id, &mcd );
+	if ( rs->sr_err ) {
+		mdb_cursor_close( mci );
+		send_ldap_error( op, rs, LDAP_OTHER, "internal error" );
+		return rs->sr_err;
+	}
+
+	scopes = scope_chunk_get( op );
+	stack = search_stack( op );
+	isc.mt = ltid;
+	isc.mc = mcd;
+	isc.scopes = scopes;
+	isc.oscope = op->ors_scope;
+	isc.sctmp = stack;
+
+	if ( op->ors_deref & LDAP_DEREF_FINDING ) {
+		MDB_IDL_ZERO(candidates);
+	}
+dn2entry_retry:
+	/* get entry with reader lock */
+	rs->sr_err = mdb_dn2entry( op, ltid, mcd, &op->o_req_ndn, &e, &nsubs, 1 );
+
+	switch(rs->sr_err) {
+	case MDB_NOTFOUND:
+		matched = e;
+		e = NULL;
+		break;
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	case LDAP_BUSY:
+		send_ldap_error( op, rs, LDAP_BUSY, "ldap server busy" );
+		goto done;
+	default:
+		send_ldap_error( op, rs, LDAP_OTHER, "internal error" );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( op->ors_deref & LDAP_DEREF_FINDING ) {
+		if ( matched && is_entry_alias( matched )) {
+			struct berval stub;
+
+			stub.bv_val = op->o_req_ndn.bv_val;
+			stub.bv_len = op->o_req_ndn.bv_len - matched->e_nname.bv_len - 1;
+			e = deref_base( op, rs, matched, &matched, ltid,
+				candidates, NULL );
+			if ( e ) {
+				build_new_dn( &op->o_req_ndn, &e->e_nname, &stub,
+					op->o_tmpmemctx );
+				mdb_entry_return(op, e);
+				matched = NULL;
+				goto dn2entry_retry;
+			}
+		} else if ( e && is_entry_alias( e )) {
+			e = deref_base( op, rs, e, &matched, ltid,
+				candidates, NULL );
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ( e == NULL ) {
+		struct berval matched_dn = BER_BVNULL;
+
+		if ( matched != NULL ) {
+			BerVarray erefs = NULL;
+
+			/* return referral only if "disclose"
+			 * is granted on the object */
+			if ( ! access_allowed( op, matched,
+						slap_schema.si_ad_entry,
+						NULL, ACL_DISCLOSE, NULL ) )
+			{
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+
+			} else {
+				ber_dupbv( &matched_dn, &matched->e_name );
+
+				erefs = is_entry_referral( matched )
+					? get_entry_referrals( op, matched )
+					: NULL;
+				if ( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND )
+					rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+				rs->sr_matched = matched_dn.bv_val;
+			}
+
+			mdb_entry_return(op, matched);
+			matched = NULL;
+
+			if ( erefs ) {
+				rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( erefs, &matched_dn,
+					&op->o_req_dn, op->oq_search.rs_scope );
+				ber_bvarray_free( erefs );
+			}
+
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( default_referral,
+				NULL, &op->o_req_dn, op->oq_search.rs_scope );
+			rs->sr_err = rs->sr_ref != NULL ? LDAP_REFERRAL : LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+		}
+
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+		if ( rs->sr_ref ) {
+			ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+			rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		}
+		if ( !BER_BVISNULL( &matched_dn ) ) {
+			ber_memfree( matched_dn.bv_val );
+			rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* NOTE: __NEW__ "search" access is required
+	 * on searchBase object */
+	if ( ! access_allowed_mask( op, e, slap_schema.si_ad_entry,
+				NULL, ACL_SEARCH, NULL, &mask ) )
+	{
+		if ( !ACL_GRANT( mask, ACL_DISCLOSE ) ) {
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+		} else {
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS;
+		}
+
+		mdb_entry_return( op,e);
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( !manageDSAit && is_entry_referral( e ) ) {
+		/* entry is a referral */
+		struct berval matched_dn = BER_BVNULL;
+		BerVarray erefs = NULL;
+		
+		ber_dupbv( &matched_dn, &e->e_name );
+		erefs = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_REFERRAL;
+
+		mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+		e = NULL;
+
+		if ( erefs ) {
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( erefs, &matched_dn,
+				&op->o_req_dn, op->oq_search.rs_scope );
+			ber_bvarray_free( erefs );
+
+			if ( !rs->sr_ref ) {
+				rs->sr_text = "bad_referral object";
+			}
+		}
+
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_search) ": entry is referral\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+
+		rs->sr_matched = matched_dn.bv_val;
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+		ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+		rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+		ber_memfree( matched_dn.bv_val );
+		rs->sr_matched = NULL;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( get_assert( op ) &&
+		( test_filter( op, e, get_assertion( op )) != LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE ))
+	{
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_ASSERTION_FAILED;
+		mdb_entry_return( op,e);
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* compute it anyway; root does not use it */
+	stoptime = op->o_time + op->ors_tlimit;
+
+	base = e;
+
+	e = NULL;
+
+	/* select candidates */
+	if ( op->oq_search.rs_scope == LDAP_SCOPE_BASE ) {
+		rs->sr_err = base_candidate( op->o_bd, base, candidates );
+		scopes[0].mid = 0;
+		ncand = 1;
+	} else {
+		if ( op->ors_scope == LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL ) {
+			size_t nkids;
+			MDB_val key, data;
+			key.mv_data = &base->e_id;
+			key.mv_size = sizeof( ID );
+			mdb_cursor_get( mcd, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+			mdb_cursor_count( mcd, &nkids );
+			nsubs = nkids - 1;
+		} else if ( !base->e_id ) {
+			/* we don't maintain nsubs for entryID 0.
+			 * just grab entry count from id2entry stat
+			 */
+			MDB_stat ms;
+			mdb_stat( ltid, mdb->mi_id2entry, &ms );
+			nsubs = ms.ms_entries;
+		}
+		MDB_IDL_ZERO( candidates );
+		scopes[0].mid = 1;
+		scopes[1].mid = base->e_id;
+		scopes[1].mval.mv_data = NULL;
+		rs->sr_err = search_candidates( op, rs, base,
+			&isc, mci, candidates, stack );
+		ncand = MDB_IDL_N( candidates );
+		if ( !base->e_id || ncand == NOID ) {
+			/* grab entry count from id2entry stat
+			 */
+			MDB_stat ms;
+			mdb_stat( ltid, mdb->mi_id2entry, &ms );
+			if ( !base->e_id )
+				nsubs = ms.ms_entries;
+			if ( ncand == NOID )
+				ncand = ms.ms_entries;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* start cursor at beginning of candidates.
+	 */
+	cursor = 0;
+
+	if ( candidates[0] == 0 ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_search) ": no candidates\n",
+			0, 0, 0 );
+
+		goto nochange;
+	}
+
+	/* if not root and candidates exceed to-be-checked entries, abort */
+	if ( op->ors_limit	/* isroot == FALSE */ &&
+		op->ors_limit->lms_s_unchecked != -1 &&
+		ncand > (unsigned) op->ors_limit->lms_s_unchecked )
+	{
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_ADMINLIMIT_EXCEEDED;
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+		rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ( op->ors_limit == NULL	/* isroot == TRUE */ ||
+		!op->ors_limit->lms_s_pr_hide )
+	{
+		tentries = ncand;
+	}
+
+	wwctx.flag = 0;
+	/* If we're running in our own read txn */
+	if (  moi == &opinfo ) {
+		cb.sc_writewait = mdb_writewait;
+		cb.sc_private = &wwctx;
+		wwctx.txn = ltid;
+		wwctx.mcd = NULL;
+		cb.sc_next = op->o_callback;
+		op->o_callback = &cb;
+	}
+
+	if ( get_pagedresults( op ) > SLAP_CONTROL_IGNORED ) {
+		PagedResultsState *ps = op->o_pagedresults_state;
+		/* deferred cookie parsing */
+		rs->sr_err = parse_paged_cookie( op, rs );
+		if ( rs->sr_err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		cursor = (ID) ps->ps_cookie;
+		if ( cursor && ps->ps_size == 0 ) {
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+			rs->sr_text = "search abandoned by pagedResult size=0";
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			goto done;
+		}
+		id = mdb_idl_first( candidates, &cursor );
+		if ( id == NOID ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, 
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_search)
+				": no paged results candidates\n",
+				0, 0, 0 );
+			send_paged_response( op, rs, &lastid, 0 );
+
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		if ( id == (ID)ps->ps_cookie )
+			id = mdb_idl_next( candidates, &cursor );
+		nsubs = ncand;	/* always bypass scope'd search */
+		goto loop_begin;
+	}
+	if ( nsubs < ncand ) {
+		int rc;
+		/* Do scope-based search */
+
+		/* if any alias scopes were set, save them */
+		if (scopes[0].mid > 1) {
+			cursor = 1;
+			for (cscope = 1; cscope <= scopes[0].mid; cscope++) {
+				/* Ignore the original base */
+				if (scopes[cscope].mid == base->e_id)
+					continue;
+				iscopes[cursor++] = scopes[cscope].mid;
+			}
+			iscopes[0] = scopes[0].mid - 1;
+		} else {
+			iscopes[0] = 0;
+		}
+
+		wwctx.mcd = mcd;
+		isc.id = base->e_id;
+		isc.numrdns = 0;
+		rc = mdb_dn2id_walk( op, &isc );
+		if ( rc )
+			id = NOID;
+		else
+			id = isc.id;
+		cscope = 0;
+	} else {
+		id = mdb_idl_first( candidates, &cursor );
+	}
+
+	while (id != NOID)
+	{
+		int scopeok;
+		MDB_val edata;
+
+loop_begin:
+
+		/* check for abandon */
+		if ( op->o_abandon ) {
+			rs->sr_err = SLAPD_ABANDON;
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		/* mostly needed by internal searches,
+		 * e.g. related to syncrepl, for whom
+		 * abandon does not get set... */
+		if ( slapd_shutdown ) {
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_UNAVAILABLE;
+			send_ldap_disconnect( op, rs );
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		/* check time limit */
+		if ( op->ors_tlimit != SLAP_NO_LIMIT
+				&& slap_get_time() > stoptime )
+		{
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_TIMELIMIT_EXCEEDED;
+			rs->sr_ref = rs->sr_v2ref;
+			send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+			rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+
+		if ( nsubs < ncand ) {
+			unsigned i;
+			/* Is this entry in the candidate list? */
+			scopeok = 0;
+			if (MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE( candidates )) {
+				if ( id >= MDB_IDL_RANGE_FIRST( candidates ) &&
+					id <= MDB_IDL_RANGE_LAST( candidates ))
+					scopeok = 1;
+			} else {
+				i = mdb_idl_search( candidates, id );
+				if (i <= candidates[0] && candidates[i] == id )
+					scopeok = 1;
+			}
+			if ( scopeok )
+				goto scopeok;
+			goto loop_continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Does this candidate actually satisfy the search scope?
+		 */
+		scopeok = 0;
+		isc.numrdns = 0;
+		switch( op->ors_scope ) {
+		case LDAP_SCOPE_BASE:
+			/* This is always true, yes? */
+			if ( id == base->e_id ) scopeok = 1;
+			break;
+
+#ifdef LDAP_SCOPE_CHILDREN
+		case LDAP_SCOPE_CHILDREN:
+			if ( id == base->e_id ) break;
+			/* Fall-thru */
+#endif
+		case LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE:
+			if ( id == base->e_id ) {
+				scopeok = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+			/* Fall-thru */
+		case LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL:
+			if ( id == base->e_id ) break;
+			isc.id = id;
+			isc.nscope = 0;
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_idscopes( op, &isc );
+			if ( rs->sr_err == MDB_SUCCESS ) {
+				if ( isc.nscope )
+					scopeok = 1;
+			} else {
+				if ( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND )
+					goto notfound;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* Not in scope, ignore it */
+		if ( !scopeok )
+		{
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_search)
+				": %ld scope not okay\n",
+				(long) id, 0, 0 );
+			goto loop_continue;
+		}
+
+scopeok:
+		if ( id == base->e_id ) {
+			e = base;
+		} else {
+
+			/* get the entry */
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_id2edata( op, mci, id, &edata );
+			if ( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+notfound:
+				if( nsubs < ncand )
+					goto loop_continue;
+
+				if( !MDB_IDL_IS_RANGE(candidates) ) {
+					/* only complain for non-range IDLs */
+					Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+						LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_search)
+						": candidate %ld not found\n",
+						(long) id, 0, 0 );
+				} else {
+					/* get the next ID from the DB */
+					rs->sr_err = mdb_get_nextid( mci, &cursor );
+					if ( rs->sr_err == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+						break;
+					}
+					if ( rs->sr_err ) {
+						rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+						rs->sr_text = "internal error in get_nextid";
+						send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+						goto done;
+					}
+					cursor--;
+				}
+
+				goto loop_continue;
+			} else if ( rs->sr_err ) {
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+				rs->sr_text = "internal error in mdb_id2edata";
+				send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+				goto done;
+			}
+
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_entry_decode( op, ltid, &edata, &e );
+			if ( rs->sr_err ) {
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+				rs->sr_text = "internal error in mdb_entry_decode";
+				send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+				goto done;
+			}
+			e->e_id = id;
+			e->e_name.bv_val = NULL;
+			e->e_nname.bv_val = NULL;
+		}
+
+		if ( is_entry_subentry( e ) ) {
+			if( op->oq_search.rs_scope != LDAP_SCOPE_BASE ) {
+				if(!get_subentries_visibility( op )) {
+					/* only subentries are visible */
+					goto loop_continue;
+				}
+
+			} else if ( get_subentries( op ) &&
+				!get_subentries_visibility( op ))
+			{
+				/* only subentries are visible */
+				goto loop_continue;
+			}
+
+		} else if ( get_subentries_visibility( op )) {
+			/* only subentries are visible */
+			goto loop_continue;
+		}
+
+		/* aliases were already dereferenced in candidate list */
+		if ( op->ors_deref & LDAP_DEREF_SEARCHING ) {
+			/* but if the search base is an alias, and we didn't
+			 * deref it when finding, return it.
+			 */
+			if ( is_entry_alias(e) &&
+				((op->ors_deref & LDAP_DEREF_FINDING) || e != base ))
+			{
+				goto loop_continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ( !manageDSAit && is_entry_glue( e )) {
+			goto loop_continue;
+		}
+
+		if (e != base) {
+			struct berval pdn, pndn;
+			char *d, *n;
+			int i;
+
+			/* child of base, just append RDNs to base->e_name */
+			if ( nsubs < ncand || isc.scopes[isc.nscope].mid == base->e_id ) {
+				pdn = base->e_name;
+				pndn = base->e_nname;
+			} else {
+				mdb_id2name( op, ltid, &isc.mc, scopes[isc.nscope].mid, &pdn, &pndn );
+			}
+			e->e_name.bv_len = pdn.bv_len;
+			e->e_nname.bv_len = pndn.bv_len;
+			for (i=0; i<isc.numrdns; i++) {
+				e->e_name.bv_len += isc.rdns[i].bv_len + 1;
+				e->e_nname.bv_len += isc.nrdns[i].bv_len + 1;
+			}
+			e->e_name.bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc(e->e_name.bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx);
+			e->e_nname.bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc(e->e_nname.bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx);
+			d = e->e_name.bv_val;
+			n = e->e_nname.bv_val;
+			if (nsubs < ncand) {
+				/* RDNs are in top-down order */
+				for (i=isc.numrdns-1; i>=0; i--) {
+					memcpy(d, isc.rdns[i].bv_val, isc.rdns[i].bv_len);
+					d += isc.rdns[i].bv_len;
+					*d++ = ',';
+					memcpy(n, isc.nrdns[i].bv_val, isc.nrdns[i].bv_len);
+					n += isc.nrdns[i].bv_len;
+					*n++ = ',';
+				}
+			} else {
+				/* RDNs are in bottom-up order */
+				for (i=0; i<isc.numrdns; i++) {
+					memcpy(d, isc.rdns[i].bv_val, isc.rdns[i].bv_len);
+					d += isc.rdns[i].bv_len;
+					*d++ = ',';
+					memcpy(n, isc.nrdns[i].bv_val, isc.nrdns[i].bv_len);
+					n += isc.nrdns[i].bv_len;
+					*n++ = ',';
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (pdn.bv_len) {
+				memcpy(d, pdn.bv_val, pdn.bv_len+1);
+				memcpy(n, pndn.bv_val, pndn.bv_len+1);
+			} else {
+				*--d = '\0';
+				*--n = '\0';
+				e->e_name.bv_len--;
+				e->e_nname.bv_len--;
+			}
+			if (pndn.bv_val != base->e_nname.bv_val) {
+				op->o_tmpfree(pndn.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx);
+				op->o_tmpfree(pdn.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx);
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * if it's a referral, add it to the list of referrals. only do
+		 * this for non-base searches, and don't check the filter
+		 * explicitly here since it's only a candidate anyway.
+		 */
+		if ( !manageDSAit && op->oq_search.rs_scope != LDAP_SCOPE_BASE
+			&& is_entry_referral( e ) )
+		{
+			BerVarray erefs = get_entry_referrals( op, e );
+			rs->sr_ref = referral_rewrite( erefs, &e->e_name, NULL,
+				op->oq_search.rs_scope == LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL
+					? LDAP_SCOPE_BASE : LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE );
+
+			rs->sr_entry = e;
+			rs->sr_flags = 0;
+
+			send_search_reference( op, rs );
+
+			if (e != base)
+				mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+			rs->sr_entry = NULL;
+			e = NULL;
+
+			ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_ref );
+			ber_bvarray_free( erefs );
+			rs->sr_ref = NULL;
+
+			goto loop_continue;
+		}
+
+		/* if it matches the filter and scope, send it */
+		rs->sr_err = test_filter( op, e, op->oq_search.rs_filter );
+
+		if ( rs->sr_err == LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE ) {
+			/* check size limit */
+			if ( get_pagedresults(op) > SLAP_CONTROL_IGNORED ) {
+				if ( rs->sr_nentries >= ((PagedResultsState *)op->o_pagedresults_state)->ps_size ) {
+					if (e != base)
+						mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+					e = NULL;
+					send_paged_response( op, rs, &lastid, tentries );
+					goto done;
+				}
+				lastid = id;
+			}
+
+			if (e) {
+				/* safe default */
+				rs->sr_attrs = op->oq_search.rs_attrs;
+				rs->sr_operational_attrs = NULL;
+				rs->sr_ctrls = NULL;
+				rs->sr_entry = e;
+				RS_ASSERT( e->e_private != NULL );
+				rs->sr_flags = 0;
+				rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+				rs->sr_err = send_search_entry( op, rs );
+				rs->sr_attrs = NULL;
+				rs->sr_entry = NULL;
+				if (e != base)
+					mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+				e = NULL;
+
+				switch ( rs->sr_err ) {
+				case LDAP_SUCCESS:	/* entry sent ok */
+					break;
+				default:		/* entry not sent */
+					break;
+				case LDAP_BUSY:
+					send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+					goto done;
+				case LDAP_UNAVAILABLE:
+				case LDAP_SIZELIMIT_EXCEEDED:
+					if ( rs->sr_err == LDAP_SIZELIMIT_EXCEEDED ) {
+						rs->sr_ref = rs->sr_v2ref;
+						send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+						rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+
+					} else {
+						rs->sr_err = LDAP_OTHER;
+					}
+					goto done;
+				}
+			}
+
+		} else {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_search)
+				": %ld does not match filter\n",
+				(long) id, 0, 0 );
+		}
+
+loop_continue:
+		if ( moi == &opinfo && !wwctx.flag && mdb->mi_rtxn_size ) {
+			wwctx.nentries++;
+			if ( wwctx.nentries >= mdb->mi_rtxn_size ) {
+				MDB_envinfo ei;
+				wwctx.nentries = 0;
+				mdb_env_info(mdb->mi_dbenv, &ei);
+				if ( ei.me_last_txnid > mdb_txn_id( ltid ))
+					mdb_rtxn_snap( op, &wwctx );
+			}
+		}
+		if ( wwctx.flag ) {
+			rs->sr_err = mdb_waitfixup( op, &wwctx, mci, mcd, &isc );
+			if ( rs->sr_err ) {
+				send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+				goto done;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if( e != NULL ) {
+			if ( e != base )
+				mdb_entry_return( op, e );
+			RS_ASSERT( rs->sr_entry == NULL );
+			e = NULL;
+			rs->sr_entry = NULL;
+		}
+
+		if ( nsubs < ncand ) {
+			int rc = mdb_dn2id_walk( op, &isc );
+			if (rc) {
+				id = NOID;
+				/* We got to the end of a subtree. If there are any
+				 * alias scopes left, search them too.
+				 */
+				while (iscopes[0] && cscope < iscopes[0]) {
+					cscope++;
+					isc.id = iscopes[cscope];
+					if ( base )
+						mdb_entry_return( op, base );
+					rs->sr_err = mdb_id2entry(op, mci, isc.id, &base);
+					if ( !rs->sr_err ) {
+						mdb_id2name( op, ltid, &isc.mc, isc.id, &base->e_name, &base->e_nname );
+						isc.numrdns = 0;
+						if (isc.oscope == LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL)
+							isc.oscope = LDAP_SCOPE_BASE;
+						rc = mdb_dn2id_walk( op, &isc );
+						if ( !rc ) {
+							id = isc.id;
+							break;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			} else
+				id = isc.id;
+		} else {
+			id = mdb_idl_next( candidates, &cursor );
+		}
+	}
+
+nochange:
+	rs->sr_ctrls = NULL;
+	rs->sr_ref = rs->sr_v2ref;
+	rs->sr_err = (rs->sr_v2ref == NULL) ? LDAP_SUCCESS : LDAP_REFERRAL;
+	rs->sr_rspoid = NULL;
+	if ( get_pagedresults(op) > SLAP_CONTROL_IGNORED ) {
+		send_paged_response( op, rs, NULL, 0 );
+	} else {
+		send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+	}
+
+	rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+
+done:
+	if ( cb.sc_private ) {
+		/* remove our writewait callback */
+		slap_callback **scp = &op->o_callback;
+		while ( *scp ) {
+			if ( *scp == &cb ) {
+				*scp = cb.sc_next;
+				cb.sc_private = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	mdb_cursor_close( mcd );
+	mdb_cursor_close( mci );
+	if ( moi == &opinfo ) {
+		mdb_txn_reset( moi->moi_txn );
+		LDAP_SLIST_REMOVE( &op->o_extra, &moi->moi_oe, OpExtra, oe_next );
+	} else {
+		moi->moi_ref--;
+	}
+	if( rs->sr_v2ref ) {
+		ber_bvarray_free( rs->sr_v2ref );
+		rs->sr_v2ref = NULL;
+	}
+	if (base)
+		mdb_entry_return( op, base );
+	scope_chunk_ret( op, scopes );
+
+	return rs->sr_err;
+}
+
+
+static int base_candidate(
+	BackendDB	*be,
+	Entry	*e,
+	ID		*ids )
+{
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS, "base_candidates: base: \"%s\" (0x%08lx)\n",
+		e->e_nname.bv_val, (long) e->e_id, 0);
+
+	ids[0] = 1;
+	ids[1] = e->e_id;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Look for "objectClass Present" in this filter.
+ * Also count depth of filter tree while we're at it.
+ */
+static int oc_filter(
+	Filter *f,
+	int cur,
+	int *max )
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	assert( f != NULL );
+
+	if( cur > *max ) *max = cur;
+
+	switch( f->f_choice ) {
+	case LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT:
+		if (f->f_desc == slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass) {
+			rc = 1;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case LDAP_FILTER_AND:
+	case LDAP_FILTER_OR:
+		cur++;
+		for ( f=f->f_and; f; f=f->f_next ) {
+			(void) oc_filter(f, cur, max);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static void search_stack_free( void *key, void *data )
+{
+	ber_memfree_x(data, NULL);
+}
+
+static void *search_stack( Operation *op )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	void *ret = NULL;
+
+	if ( op->o_threadctx ) {
+		ldap_pvt_thread_pool_getkey( op->o_threadctx, (void *)search_stack,
+			&ret, NULL );
+	} else {
+		ret = mdb->mi_search_stack;
+	}
+
+	if ( !ret ) {
+		ret = ch_malloc( mdb->mi_search_stack_depth * MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE
+			* sizeof( ID ) );
+		if ( op->o_threadctx ) {
+			ldap_pvt_thread_pool_setkey( op->o_threadctx, (void *)search_stack,
+				ret, search_stack_free, NULL, NULL );
+		} else {
+			mdb->mi_search_stack = ret;
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int search_candidates(
+	Operation *op,
+	SlapReply *rs,
+	Entry *e,
+	IdScopes *isc,
+	MDB_cursor *mci,
+	ID	*ids,
+	ID *stack )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+	int rc, depth = 1;
+	Filter		*f, rf, xf, nf, sf;
+	AttributeAssertion aa_ref = ATTRIBUTEASSERTION_INIT;
+	AttributeAssertion aa_subentry = ATTRIBUTEASSERTION_INIT;
+
+	/*
+	 * This routine takes as input a filter (user-filter)
+	 * and rewrites it as follows:
+	 *	(&(scope=DN)[(objectClass=subentry)]
+	 *		(|[(objectClass=referral)](user-filter))
+	 */
+
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		"search_candidates: base=\"%s\" (0x%08lx) scope=%d\n",
+		e->e_nname.bv_val, (long) e->e_id, op->oq_search.rs_scope );
+
+	f = op->oq_search.rs_filter;
+
+	/* If the user's filter uses objectClass=*,
+	 * these clauses are redundant.
+	 */
+	if (!oc_filter(op->oq_search.rs_filter, 1, &depth)
+		&& !get_subentries_visibility(op)) {
+		if( !get_manageDSAit(op) && !get_domainScope(op) ) {
+			/* match referral objects */
+			struct berval bv_ref = BER_BVC( "referral" );
+			rf.f_choice = LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY;
+			rf.f_ava = &aa_ref;
+			rf.f_av_desc = slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass;
+			rf.f_av_value = bv_ref;
+			rf.f_next = f;
+			xf.f_or = &rf;
+			xf.f_choice = LDAP_FILTER_OR;
+			xf.f_next = NULL;
+			f = &xf;
+			depth++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if( get_subentries_visibility( op ) ) {
+		struct berval bv_subentry = BER_BVC( "subentry" );
+		sf.f_choice = LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY;
+		sf.f_ava = &aa_subentry;
+		sf.f_av_desc = slap_schema.si_ad_objectClass;
+		sf.f_av_value = bv_subentry;
+		sf.f_next = f;
+		nf.f_choice = LDAP_FILTER_AND;
+		nf.f_and = &sf;
+		nf.f_next = NULL;
+		f = &nf;
+		depth++;
+	}
+
+	/* Allocate IDL stack, plus 1 more for former tmp */
+	if ( depth+1 > mdb->mi_search_stack_depth ) {
+		stack = ch_malloc( (depth + 1) * MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE * sizeof( ID ) );
+	}
+
+	if( op->ors_deref & LDAP_DEREF_SEARCHING ) {
+		rc = search_aliases( op, rs, e->e_id, isc, mci, stack );
+	} else {
+		rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	if ( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+		rc = mdb_filter_candidates( op, isc->mt, f, ids,
+			stack, stack+MDB_IDL_UM_SIZE );
+	}
+
+	if ( depth+1 > mdb->mi_search_stack_depth ) {
+		ch_free( stack );
+	}
+
+	if( rc ) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"mdb_search_candidates: failed (rc=%d)\n",
+			rc, NULL, NULL );
+
+	} else {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+			"mdb_search_candidates: id=%ld first=%ld last=%ld\n",
+			(long) ids[0],
+			(long) MDB_IDL_FIRST(ids),
+			(long) MDB_IDL_LAST(ids) );
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+parse_paged_cookie( Operation *op, SlapReply *rs )
+{
+	int		rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	PagedResultsState *ps = op->o_pagedresults_state;
+
+	/* this function must be invoked only if the pagedResults
+	 * control has been detected, parsed and partially checked
+	 * by the frontend */
+	assert( get_pagedresults( op ) > SLAP_CONTROL_IGNORED );
+
+	/* cookie decoding/checks deferred to backend... */
+	if ( ps->ps_cookieval.bv_len ) {
+		PagedResultsCookie reqcookie;
+		if( ps->ps_cookieval.bv_len != sizeof( reqcookie ) ) {
+			/* bad cookie */
+			rs->sr_text = "paged results cookie is invalid";
+			rc = LDAP_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		AC_MEMCPY( &reqcookie, ps->ps_cookieval.bv_val, sizeof( reqcookie ));
+
+		if ( reqcookie > ps->ps_cookie ) {
+			/* bad cookie */
+			rs->sr_text = "paged results cookie is invalid";
+			rc = LDAP_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+
+		} else if ( reqcookie < ps->ps_cookie ) {
+			rs->sr_text = "paged results cookie is invalid or old";
+			rc = LDAP_UNWILLING_TO_PERFORM;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		/* we're going to use ps_cookie */
+		op->o_conn->c_pagedresults_state.ps_cookie = 0;
+	}
+
+done:;
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static void
+send_paged_response( 
+	Operation	*op,
+	SlapReply	*rs,
+	ID		*lastid,
+	int		tentries )
+{
+	LDAPControl	*ctrls[2];
+	BerElementBuffer berbuf;
+	BerElement	*ber = (BerElement *)&berbuf;
+	PagedResultsCookie respcookie;
+	struct berval cookie;
+
+	Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+		"send_paged_response: lastid=0x%08lx nentries=%d\n", 
+		lastid ? *lastid : 0, rs->sr_nentries, NULL );
+
+	ctrls[1] = NULL;
+
+	ber_init2( ber, NULL, LBER_USE_DER );
+
+	if ( lastid ) {
+		respcookie = ( PagedResultsCookie )(*lastid);
+		cookie.bv_len = sizeof( respcookie );
+		cookie.bv_val = (char *)&respcookie;
+
+	} else {
+		respcookie = ( PagedResultsCookie )0;
+		BER_BVSTR( &cookie, "" );
+	}
+
+	op->o_conn->c_pagedresults_state.ps_cookie = respcookie;
+	op->o_conn->c_pagedresults_state.ps_count =
+		((PagedResultsState *)op->o_pagedresults_state)->ps_count +
+		rs->sr_nentries;
+
+	/* return size of 0 -- no estimate */
+	ber_printf( ber, "{iO}", 0, &cookie ); 
+
+	ctrls[0] = op->o_tmpalloc( sizeof(LDAPControl), op->o_tmpmemctx );
+	if ( ber_flatten2( ber, &ctrls[0]->ldctl_value, 0 ) == -1 ) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	ctrls[0]->ldctl_oid = LDAP_CONTROL_PAGEDRESULTS;
+	ctrls[0]->ldctl_iscritical = 0;
+
+	slap_add_ctrls( op, rs, ctrls );
+	rs->sr_err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	send_ldap_result( op, rs );
+
+done:
+	(void) ber_free_buf( ber );
+}
diff --git a/servers/slapd/back-mdb/tools.c b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/tools.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb56e65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/servers/slapd/back-mdb/tools.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1501 @@
+/* tools.c - tools for slap tools */
+/* $OpenLDAP$ */
+/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#include "portable.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ac/string.h>
+#include <ac/errno.h>
+
+#define AVL_INTERNAL
+#include "back-mdb.h"
+#include "idl.h"
+
+#ifdef MDB_TOOL_IDL_CACHING
+static int mdb_tool_idl_flush( BackendDB *be, MDB_txn *txn );
+
+#define	IDBLOCK	1024
+
+typedef struct mdb_tool_idl_cache_entry {
+	struct mdb_tool_idl_cache_entry *next;
+	ID ids[IDBLOCK];
+} mdb_tool_idl_cache_entry;
+
+typedef struct mdb_tool_idl_cache {
+	struct berval kstr;
+	mdb_tool_idl_cache_entry *head, *tail;
+	ID first, last;
+	int count;
+	short offset;
+	short flags;
+} mdb_tool_idl_cache;
+#define WAS_FOUND	0x01
+#define WAS_RANGE	0x02
+
+#define MDB_TOOL_IDL_FLUSH(be, txn)	mdb_tool_idl_flush(be, txn)
+#else
+#define MDB_TOOL_IDL_FLUSH(be, txn)
+#endif /* MDB_TOOL_IDL_CACHING */
+
+MDB_txn *mdb_tool_txn = NULL;
+
+static MDB_txn *txi = NULL;
+static MDB_cursor *cursor = NULL, *idcursor = NULL;
+static MDB_cursor *mcp = NULL, *mcd = NULL;
+static MDB_val key, data;
+static ID previd = NOID;
+
+typedef struct dn_id {
+	ID id;
+	struct berval dn;
+} dn_id;
+
+#define	HOLE_SIZE	4096
+static dn_id hbuf[HOLE_SIZE], *holes = hbuf;
+static unsigned nhmax = HOLE_SIZE;
+static unsigned nholes;
+
+static struct berval	*tool_base;
+static int		tool_scope;
+static Filter		*tool_filter;
+static Entry		*tool_next_entry;
+
+static ID mdb_tool_ix_id;
+static Operation *mdb_tool_ix_op;
+static MDB_txn *mdb_tool_ix_txn;
+static int mdb_tool_index_tcount, mdb_tool_threads;
+static IndexRec *mdb_tool_index_rec;
+static struct mdb_info *mdb_tool_info;
+static ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_t mdb_tool_index_mutex;
+static ldap_pvt_thread_cond_t mdb_tool_index_cond_main;
+static ldap_pvt_thread_cond_t mdb_tool_index_cond_work;
+static void * mdb_tool_index_task( void *ctx, void *ptr );
+
+static int	mdb_writes, mdb_writes_per_commit;
+
+/* Number of ops per commit in Quick mode.
+ * Batching speeds writes overall, but too large a
+ * batch will fail with MDB_TXN_FULL.
+ */
+#ifndef MDB_WRITES_PER_COMMIT
+#define MDB_WRITES_PER_COMMIT	500
+#endif
+
+static int
+mdb_tool_entry_get_int( BackendDB *be, ID id, Entry **ep );
+
+int mdb_tool_entry_open(
+	BackendDB *be, int mode )
+{
+	/* In Quick mode, commit once per 500 entries */
+	mdb_writes = 0;
+	if ( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_QUICK )
+		mdb_writes_per_commit = MDB_WRITES_PER_COMMIT;
+	else
+		mdb_writes_per_commit = 1;
+
+	/* Set up for threaded slapindex */
+	if (( slapMode & (SLAP_TOOL_QUICK|SLAP_TOOL_READONLY)) == SLAP_TOOL_QUICK ) {
+		if ( !mdb_tool_info ) {
+			struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+			ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_init( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+			ldap_pvt_thread_cond_init( &mdb_tool_index_cond_main );
+			ldap_pvt_thread_cond_init( &mdb_tool_index_cond_work );
+			if ( mdb->mi_nattrs ) {
+				int i;
+#if 0			/* threaded indexing has no performance advantage */
+				mdb_tool_threads = slap_tool_thread_max - 1;
+#endif
+				if ( mdb_tool_threads > 1 ) {
+					mdb_tool_index_rec = ch_calloc( mdb->mi_nattrs, sizeof( IndexRec ));
+					mdb_tool_index_tcount = mdb_tool_threads - 1;
+					for (i=1; i<mdb_tool_threads; i++) {
+						int *ptr = ch_malloc( sizeof( int ));
+						*ptr = i;
+						ldap_pvt_thread_pool_submit( &connection_pool,
+							mdb_tool_index_task, ptr );
+					}
+					mdb_tool_info = mdb;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int mdb_tool_entry_close(
+	BackendDB *be )
+{
+	if ( mdb_tool_info ) {
+		slapd_shutdown = 1;
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+
+		/* There might still be some threads starting */
+		while ( mdb_tool_index_tcount > 0 ) {
+			ldap_pvt_thread_cond_wait( &mdb_tool_index_cond_main,
+					&mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		}
+
+		mdb_tool_index_tcount = mdb_tool_threads - 1;
+		ldap_pvt_thread_cond_broadcast( &mdb_tool_index_cond_work );
+
+		/* Make sure all threads are stopped */
+		while ( mdb_tool_index_tcount > 0 ) {
+			ldap_pvt_thread_cond_wait( &mdb_tool_index_cond_main,
+				&mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		}
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+
+		mdb_tool_info = NULL;
+		slapd_shutdown = 0;
+		ch_free( mdb_tool_index_rec );
+		mdb_tool_index_tcount = mdb_tool_threads - 1;
+	}
+
+	if( idcursor ) {
+		mdb_cursor_close( idcursor );
+		idcursor = NULL;
+	}
+	if( cursor ) {
+		mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+		cursor = NULL;
+	}
+	{
+		struct mdb_info *mdb = be->be_private;
+		if ( mdb ) {
+			int i;
+			for (i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++)
+				mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_cursor = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	if( mdb_tool_txn ) {
+		int rc;
+		MDB_TOOL_IDL_FLUSH( be, mdb_tool_txn );
+		if (( rc = mdb_txn_commit( mdb_tool_txn ))) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_close) ": database %s: "
+				"txn_commit failed: %s (%d)\n",
+				be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			return -1;
+		}
+		mdb_tool_txn = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if( nholes ) {
+		unsigned i;
+		fprintf( stderr, "Error, entries missing!\n");
+		for (i=0; i<nholes; i++) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "  entry %ld: %s\n",
+				holes[i].id, holes[i].dn.bv_val);
+		}
+		nholes = 0;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+ID
+mdb_tool_entry_first_x(
+	BackendDB *be,
+	struct berval *base,
+	int scope,
+	Filter *f )
+{
+	tool_base = base;
+	tool_scope = scope;
+	tool_filter = f;
+
+	return mdb_tool_entry_next( be );
+}
+
+ID mdb_tool_entry_next(
+	BackendDB *be )
+{
+	int rc;
+	ID id;
+	struct mdb_info *mdb;
+
+	assert( be != NULL );
+	assert( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_MODE );
+
+	mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	assert( mdb != NULL );
+
+	if ( !mdb_tool_txn ) {
+		rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, MDB_RDONLY, &mdb_tool_txn );
+		if ( rc )
+			return NOID;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( mdb_tool_txn, mdb->mi_id2entry, &cursor );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( mdb_tool_txn );
+			return NOID;
+		}
+	}
+
+next:;
+	rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT );
+
+	if( rc ) {
+		return NOID;
+	}
+
+	previd = *(ID *)key.mv_data;
+	id = previd;
+
+	if ( !data.mv_size )
+		goto next;
+
+	if ( tool_filter || tool_base ) {
+		static Operation op = {0};
+		static Opheader ohdr = {0};
+
+		op.o_hdr = &ohdr;
+		op.o_bd = be;
+		op.o_tmpmemctx = NULL;
+		op.o_tmpmfuncs = &ch_mfuncs;
+
+		if ( tool_next_entry ) {
+			mdb_entry_release( &op, tool_next_entry, 0 );
+			tool_next_entry = NULL;
+		}
+
+		rc = mdb_tool_entry_get_int( be, id, &tool_next_entry );
+		if ( rc == LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT ) {
+			goto next;
+		}
+
+		assert( tool_next_entry != NULL );
+
+		if ( tool_filter && test_filter( NULL, tool_next_entry, tool_filter ) != LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE )
+		{
+			mdb_entry_release( &op, tool_next_entry, 0 );
+			tool_next_entry = NULL;
+			goto next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return id;
+}
+
+ID mdb_tool_dn2id_get(
+	Backend *be,
+	struct berval *dn
+)
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb;
+	Operation op = {0};
+	Opheader ohdr = {0};
+	ID id;
+	int rc;
+
+	if ( BER_BVISEMPTY(dn) )
+		return 0;
+
+	mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+
+	if ( !mdb_tool_txn ) {
+		rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, (slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_READONLY) != 0 ?
+			MDB_RDONLY : 0, &mdb_tool_txn );
+		if ( rc )
+			return NOID;
+	}
+
+	op.o_hdr = &ohdr;
+	op.o_bd = be;
+	op.o_tmpmemctx = NULL;
+	op.o_tmpmfuncs = &ch_mfuncs;
+
+	rc = mdb_dn2id( &op, mdb_tool_txn, NULL, dn, &id, NULL, NULL, NULL );
+	if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND )
+		return NOID;
+
+	return id;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_tool_entry_get_int( BackendDB *be, ID id, Entry **ep )
+{
+	Operation op = {0};
+	Opheader ohdr = {0};
+
+	Entry *e = NULL;
+	struct berval dn = BER_BVNULL, ndn = BER_BVNULL;
+	int rc;
+
+	assert( be != NULL );
+	assert( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_MODE );
+
+	if ( ( tool_filter || tool_base ) && id == previd && tool_next_entry != NULL ) {
+		*ep = tool_next_entry;
+		tool_next_entry = NULL;
+		return LDAP_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	if ( id != previd ) {
+		key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+		key.mv_data = &id;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+	if ( !data.mv_size ) {
+		rc = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	op.o_hdr = &ohdr;
+	op.o_bd = be;
+	op.o_tmpmemctx = NULL;
+	op.o_tmpmfuncs = &ch_mfuncs;
+	if ( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_READONLY ) {
+		rc = mdb_id2name( &op, mdb_tool_txn, &idcursor, id, &dn, &ndn );
+		if ( rc  ) {
+			rc = LDAP_OTHER;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		if ( tool_base != NULL ) {
+			if ( !dnIsSuffixScope( &ndn, tool_base, tool_scope ) ) {
+				ch_free( dn.bv_val );
+				ch_free( ndn.bv_val );
+				rc = LDAP_NO_SUCH_OBJECT;
+				goto done;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	rc = mdb_entry_decode( &op, mdb_tool_txn, &data, &e );
+	e->e_id = id;
+	if ( !BER_BVISNULL( &dn )) {
+		e->e_name = dn;
+		e->e_nname = ndn;
+	} else {
+		e->e_name.bv_val = NULL;
+		e->e_nname.bv_val = NULL;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if ( e != NULL ) {
+		*ep = e;
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+Entry*
+mdb_tool_entry_get( BackendDB *be, ID id )
+{
+	Entry *e = NULL;
+	int rc;
+
+	if ( !mdb_tool_txn ) {
+		struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+		rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL,
+			(slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_READONLY) ? MDB_RDONLY : 0, &mdb_tool_txn );
+		if ( rc )
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	if ( !cursor ) {
+		struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( mdb_tool_txn, mdb->mi_id2entry, &cursor );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			mdb_txn_abort( mdb_tool_txn );
+			mdb_tool_txn = NULL;
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	(void)mdb_tool_entry_get_int( be, id, &e );
+	return e;
+}
+
+static int mdb_tool_next_id(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *tid,
+	Entry *e,
+	struct berval *text,
+	int hole )
+{
+	struct berval dn = e->e_name;
+	struct berval ndn = e->e_nname;
+	struct berval pdn, npdn, nmatched;
+	ID id, pid = 0;
+	int rc;
+
+	if (ndn.bv_len == 0) {
+		e->e_id = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_dn2id( op, tid, mcp, &ndn, &id, NULL, NULL, &nmatched );
+	if ( rc == MDB_NOTFOUND ) {
+		if ( !be_issuffix( op->o_bd, &ndn ) ) {
+			ID eid = e->e_id;
+			dnParent( &ndn, &npdn );
+			if ( nmatched.bv_len != npdn.bv_len ) {
+				dnParent( &dn, &pdn );
+				e->e_name = pdn;
+				e->e_nname = npdn;
+				rc = mdb_tool_next_id( op, tid, e, text, 1 );
+				e->e_name = dn;
+				e->e_nname = ndn;
+				if ( rc ) {
+					return rc;
+				}
+				/* If parent didn't exist, it was created just now
+				 * and its ID is now in e->e_id. Make sure the current
+				 * entry gets added under the new parent ID.
+				 */
+				if ( eid != e->e_id ) {
+					pid = e->e_id;
+				}
+			} else {
+				pid = id;
+			}
+		}
+		rc = mdb_next_id( op->o_bd, idcursor, &e->e_id );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"next_id failed: %s (%d)",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"=> mdb_tool_next_id: %s\n", text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			return rc;
+		}
+		rc = mdb_dn2id_add( op, mcp, mcd, pid, 1, 1, e );
+		if ( rc ) {
+			snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"dn2id_add failed: %s (%d)",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"=> mdb_tool_next_id: %s\n", text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		} else if ( hole ) {
+			MDB_val key, data;
+			if ( nholes == nhmax - 1 ) {
+				if ( holes == hbuf ) {
+					holes = ch_malloc( nhmax * sizeof(dn_id) * 2 );
+					AC_MEMCPY( holes, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf) );
+				} else {
+					holes = ch_realloc( holes, nhmax * sizeof(dn_id) * 2 );
+				}
+				nhmax *= 2;
+			}
+			ber_dupbv( &holes[nholes].dn, &ndn );
+			holes[nholes++].id = e->e_id;
+			key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+			key.mv_data = &e->e_id;
+			data.mv_size = 0;
+			data.mv_data = NULL;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_put( idcursor, &key, &data, MDB_NOOVERWRITE );
+			if ( rc == MDB_KEYEXIST )
+				rc = 0;
+			if ( rc ) {
+				snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+					"dummy id2entry add failed: %s (%d)",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+					"=> mdb_tool_next_id: %s\n", text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			}
+		}
+	} else if ( !hole ) {
+		unsigned i, j;
+
+		e->e_id = id;
+
+		for ( i=0; i<nholes; i++) {
+			if ( holes[i].id == e->e_id ) {
+				free(holes[i].dn.bv_val);
+				for (j=i;j<nholes;j++) holes[j] = holes[j+1];
+				holes[j].id = 0;
+				nholes--;
+				break;
+			} else if ( holes[i].id > e->e_id ) {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_tool_index_add(
+	Operation *op,
+	MDB_txn *txn,
+	Entry *e )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) op->o_bd->be_private;
+
+	if ( !mdb->mi_nattrs )
+		return 0;
+
+	if ( mdb_tool_threads > 1 ) {
+		IndexRec *ir;
+		int i, rc;
+		Attribute *a;
+
+		ir = mdb_tool_index_rec;
+		for (i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++)
+			ir[i].ir_attrs = NULL;
+
+		for ( a = e->e_attrs; a != NULL; a = a->a_next ) {
+			rc = mdb_index_recset( mdb, a, a->a_desc->ad_type,
+				&a->a_desc->ad_tags, ir );
+			if ( rc )
+				return rc;
+		}
+		for (i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++) {
+			if ( !ir[i].ir_ai )
+				break;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_open( txn, ir[i].ir_ai->ai_dbi,
+				 &ir[i].ir_ai->ai_cursor );
+			if ( rc )
+				return rc;
+		}
+		mdb_tool_ix_id = e->e_id;
+		mdb_tool_ix_op = op;
+		mdb_tool_ix_txn = txn;
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		/* Wait for all threads to be ready */
+		while ( mdb_tool_index_tcount ) {
+			ldap_pvt_thread_cond_wait( &mdb_tool_index_cond_main,
+				&mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		}
+
+		for ( i=1; i<mdb_tool_threads; i++ )
+			mdb_tool_index_rec[i].ir_i = LDAP_BUSY;
+		mdb_tool_index_tcount = mdb_tool_threads - 1;
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		ldap_pvt_thread_cond_broadcast( &mdb_tool_index_cond_work );
+
+		rc = mdb_index_recrun( op, txn, mdb, ir, e->e_id, 0 );
+		if ( rc )
+			return rc;
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		for ( i=1; i<mdb_tool_threads; i++ ) {
+			if ( mdb_tool_index_rec[i].ir_i == LDAP_BUSY ) {
+				ldap_pvt_thread_cond_wait( &mdb_tool_index_cond_main,
+					&mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+				i--;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if ( mdb_tool_index_rec[i].ir_i ) {
+				rc = mdb_tool_index_rec[i].ir_i;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		return rc;
+	} else
+	{
+		return mdb_index_entry_add( op, txn, e );
+	}
+}
+
+ID mdb_tool_entry_put(
+	BackendDB *be,
+	Entry *e,
+	struct berval *text )
+{
+	int rc;
+	struct mdb_info *mdb;
+	Operation op = {0};
+	Opheader ohdr = {0};
+
+	assert( be != NULL );
+	assert( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_MODE );
+
+	assert( text != NULL );
+	assert( text->bv_val != NULL );
+	assert( text->bv_val[0] == '\0' );	/* overconservative? */
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE, "=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put)
+		"( %ld, \"%s\" )\n", (long) e->e_id, e->e_dn, 0 );
+
+	mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+
+	if ( !mdb_tool_txn ) {
+		rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, 0, &mdb_tool_txn );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"txn_begin failed: %s (%d)",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put) ": %s\n",
+				 text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			return NOID;
+		}
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( mdb_tool_txn, mdb->mi_id2entry, &idcursor );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"cursor_open failed: %s (%d)",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put) ": %s\n",
+				 text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			return NOID;
+		}
+		if ( !mdb->mi_nextid ) {
+			ID dummy;
+			mdb_next_id( be, idcursor, &dummy );
+		}
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( mdb_tool_txn, mdb->mi_dn2id, &mcp );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"cursor_open failed: %s (%d)",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put) ": %s\n",
+				 text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			return NOID;
+		}
+		rc = mdb_cursor_open( mdb_tool_txn, mdb->mi_dn2id, &mcd );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"cursor_open failed: %s (%d)",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put) ": %s\n",
+				 text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			return NOID;
+		}
+	}
+
+	op.o_hdr = &ohdr;
+	op.o_bd = be;
+	op.o_tmpmemctx = NULL;
+	op.o_tmpmfuncs = &ch_mfuncs;
+
+	/* add dn2id indices */
+	rc = mdb_tool_next_id( &op, mdb_tool_txn, e, text, 0 );
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	rc = mdb_tool_index_add( &op, mdb_tool_txn, e );
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"index_entry_add failed: err=%d", rc );
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put) ": %s\n",
+			text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+
+	/* id2entry index */
+	rc = mdb_id2entry_add( &op, mdb_tool_txn, idcursor, e );
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"id2entry_add failed: err=%d", rc );
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put) ": %s\n",
+			text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if( rc == 0 ) {
+		mdb_writes++;
+		if ( mdb_writes >= mdb_writes_per_commit ) {
+			unsigned i;
+			MDB_TOOL_IDL_FLUSH( be, mdb_tool_txn );
+			rc = mdb_txn_commit( mdb_tool_txn );
+			for ( i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ )
+				mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_cursor = NULL;
+			mdb_writes = 0;
+			mdb_tool_txn = NULL;
+			idcursor = NULL;
+			if( rc != 0 ) {
+				mdb->mi_numads = 0;
+				snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+						"txn_commit failed: %s (%d)",
+						mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+					"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put) ": %s\n",
+					text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+				e->e_id = NOID;
+			}
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		unsigned i;
+		mdb_txn_abort( mdb_tool_txn );
+		mdb_tool_txn = NULL;
+		idcursor = NULL;
+		for ( i=0; i<mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ )
+			mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_cursor = NULL;
+		mdb_writes = 0;
+		snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+			"txn_aborted! %s (%d)",
+			rc == LDAP_OTHER ? "Internal error" :
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_put) ": %s\n",
+			text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		e->e_id = NOID;
+	}
+
+	return e->e_id;
+}
+
+static int mdb_dn2id_upgrade( BackendDB *be );
+
+int mdb_tool_entry_reindex(
+	BackendDB *be,
+	ID id,
+	AttributeDescription **adv )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mi = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	int rc;
+	Entry *e;
+	Operation op = {0};
+	Opheader ohdr = {0};
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ARGS,
+		"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_reindex) "( %ld )\n",
+		(long) id, 0, 0 );
+	assert( tool_base == NULL );
+	assert( tool_filter == NULL );
+
+	/* Special: do a dn2id upgrade */
+	if ( adv && adv[0] == slap_schema.si_ad_entryDN ) {
+		/* short-circuit tool_entry_next() */
+		mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, &data, MDB_LAST );
+		return mdb_dn2id_upgrade( be );
+	}
+
+	/* No indexes configured, nothing to do. Could return an
+	 * error here to shortcut things.
+	 */
+	if (!mi->mi_attrs) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Check for explicit list of attrs to index */
+	if ( adv ) {
+		int i, j, n;
+
+		if ( mi->mi_attrs[0]->ai_desc != adv[0] ) {
+			/* count */
+			for ( n = 0; adv[n]; n++ ) ;
+
+			/* insertion sort */
+			for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
+				AttributeDescription *ad = adv[i];
+				for ( j = i-1; j>=0; j--) {
+					if ( SLAP_PTRCMP( adv[j], ad ) <= 0 ) break;
+					adv[j+1] = adv[j];
+				}
+				adv[j+1] = ad;
+			}
+		}
+
+		for ( i = 0; adv[i]; i++ ) {
+			if ( mi->mi_attrs[i]->ai_desc != adv[i] ) {
+				for ( j = i+1; j < mi->mi_nattrs; j++ ) {
+					if ( mi->mi_attrs[j]->ai_desc == adv[i] ) {
+						AttrInfo *ai = mi->mi_attrs[i];
+						mi->mi_attrs[i] = mi->mi_attrs[j];
+						mi->mi_attrs[j] = ai;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				if ( j == mi->mi_nattrs ) {
+					Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+						LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_reindex)
+						": no index configured for %s\n",
+						adv[i]->ad_cname.bv_val, 0, 0 );
+					return -1;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		mi->mi_nattrs = i;
+	}
+
+	e = mdb_tool_entry_get( be, id );
+
+	if( e == NULL ) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_reindex)
+			": could not locate id=%ld\n",
+			(long) id, 0, 0 );
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if ( !txi ) {
+		rc = mdb_txn_begin( mi->mi_dbenv, NULL, 0, &txi );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_reindex) ": "
+				"txn_begin failed: %s (%d)\n",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ( slapMode & SLAP_TRUNCATE_MODE ) {
+		int i;
+		for ( i=0; i < mi->mi_nattrs; i++ ) {
+			rc = mdb_drop( txi, mi->mi_attrs[i]->ai_dbi, 0 );
+			if ( rc ) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+					LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_reindex)
+					": (Truncate) mdb_drop(%s) failed: %s (%d)\n",
+					mi->mi_attrs[i]->ai_desc->ad_type->sat_cname.bv_val,
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+		slapMode ^= SLAP_TRUNCATE_MODE;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * just (re)add them for now
+	 * Use truncate mode to empty/reset index databases
+	 */
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_reindex) "( %ld )\n",
+		(long) id, 0, 0 );
+
+	op.o_hdr = &ohdr;
+	op.o_bd = be;
+	op.o_tmpmemctx = NULL;
+	op.o_tmpmfuncs = &ch_mfuncs;
+
+	rc = mdb_tool_index_add( &op, txi, e );
+
+done:
+	if( rc == 0 ) {
+		mdb_writes++;
+		if ( mdb_writes >= mdb_writes_per_commit ) {
+			MDB_val key;
+			unsigned i;
+			MDB_TOOL_IDL_FLUSH( be, txi );
+			rc = mdb_txn_commit( txi );
+			mdb_writes = 0;
+			for ( i=0; i<mi->mi_nattrs; i++ )
+				mi->mi_attrs[i]->ai_cursor = NULL;
+			if( rc != 0 ) {
+				Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+					"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_reindex)
+					": txn_commit failed: %s (%d)\n",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+				e->e_id = NOID;
+			}
+			mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+			txi = NULL;
+			/* Must close the read txn to allow old pages to be reclaimed. */
+			mdb_txn_abort( mdb_tool_txn );
+			/* and then reopen it so that tool_entry_next still works. */
+			mdb_txn_begin( mi->mi_dbenv, NULL, MDB_RDONLY, &mdb_tool_txn );
+			mdb_cursor_open( mdb_tool_txn, mi->mi_id2entry, &cursor );
+			key.mv_data = &id;
+			key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+			mdb_cursor_get( cursor, &key, NULL, MDB_SET );
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		unsigned i;
+		mdb_writes = 0;
+		mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+		cursor = NULL;
+		mdb_txn_abort( txi );
+		for ( i=0; i<mi->mi_nattrs; i++ )
+			mi->mi_attrs[i]->ai_cursor = NULL;
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_reindex)
+			": txn_aborted! err=%d\n",
+			rc, 0, 0 );
+		e->e_id = NOID;
+		txi = NULL;
+	}
+	mdb_entry_release( &op, e, 0 );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+ID mdb_tool_entry_modify(
+	BackendDB *be,
+	Entry *e,
+	struct berval *text )
+{
+	int rc;
+	struct mdb_info *mdb;
+	Operation op = {0};
+	Opheader ohdr = {0};
+
+	assert( be != NULL );
+	assert( slapMode & SLAP_TOOL_MODE );
+
+	assert( text != NULL );
+	assert( text->bv_val != NULL );
+	assert( text->bv_val[0] == '\0' );	/* overconservative? */
+
+	assert ( e->e_id != NOID );
+
+	Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_TRACE,
+		"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_modify) "( %ld, \"%s\" )\n",
+		(long) e->e_id, e->e_dn, 0 );
+
+	mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+
+	if( cursor ) {
+		mdb_cursor_close( cursor );
+		cursor = NULL;
+	}
+	if ( !mdb_tool_txn ) {
+		rc = mdb_txn_begin( mdb->mi_dbenv, NULL, 0, &mdb_tool_txn );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"txn_begin failed: %s (%d)",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_modify) ": %s\n",
+				 text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			return NOID;
+		}
+	}
+
+	op.o_hdr = &ohdr;
+	op.o_bd = be;
+	op.o_tmpmemctx = NULL;
+	op.o_tmpmfuncs = &ch_mfuncs;
+
+	/* id2entry index */
+	rc = mdb_id2entry_update( &op, mdb_tool_txn, NULL, e );
+	if( rc != 0 ) {
+		snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+				"id2entry_update failed: err=%d", rc );
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_modify) ": %s\n",
+			text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if( rc == 0 ) {
+		rc = mdb_txn_commit( mdb_tool_txn );
+		if( rc != 0 ) {
+			mdb->mi_numads = 0;
+			snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+					"txn_commit failed: %s (%d)",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+			Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+				"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_modify) ": "
+				"%s\n", text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+			e->e_id = NOID;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		mdb_txn_abort( mdb_tool_txn );
+		snprintf( text->bv_val, text->bv_len,
+			"txn_aborted! %s (%d)",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc );
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY,
+			"=> " LDAP_XSTRING(mdb_tool_entry_modify) ": %s\n",
+			text->bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		e->e_id = NOID;
+	}
+	mdb_tool_txn = NULL;
+	idcursor = NULL;
+
+	return e->e_id;
+}
+
+static void *
+mdb_tool_index_task( void *ctx, void *ptr )
+{
+	int base = *(int *)ptr;
+
+	free( ptr );
+	while ( 1 ) {
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_lock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		mdb_tool_index_tcount--;
+		if ( !mdb_tool_index_tcount )
+			ldap_pvt_thread_cond_signal( &mdb_tool_index_cond_main );
+		ldap_pvt_thread_cond_wait( &mdb_tool_index_cond_work,
+			&mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		if ( slapd_shutdown ) {
+			mdb_tool_index_tcount--;
+			if ( !mdb_tool_index_tcount )
+				ldap_pvt_thread_cond_signal( &mdb_tool_index_cond_main );
+			ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+			break;
+		}
+		ldap_pvt_thread_mutex_unlock( &mdb_tool_index_mutex );
+		mdb_tool_index_rec[base].ir_i = mdb_index_recrun( mdb_tool_ix_op,
+			mdb_tool_ix_txn,
+			mdb_tool_info, mdb_tool_index_rec, mdb_tool_ix_id, base );
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+#ifdef MDB_TOOL_IDL_CACHING
+static int
+mdb_tool_idl_cmp( const void *v1, const void *v2 )
+{
+	const mdb_tool_idl_cache *c1 = v1, *c2 = v2;
+	int rc;
+
+	if (( rc = c1->kstr.bv_len - c2->kstr.bv_len )) return rc;
+	return memcmp( c1->kstr.bv_val, c2->kstr.bv_val, c1->kstr.bv_len );
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_tool_idl_flush_one( MDB_cursor *mc, AttrInfo *ai, mdb_tool_idl_cache *ic )
+{
+	mdb_tool_idl_cache_entry *ice;
+	MDB_val key, data[2];
+	int i, rc;
+	ID id, nid;
+
+	/* Freshly allocated, ignore it */
+	if ( !ic->head && ic->count <= MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE ) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	key.mv_data = ic->kstr.bv_val;
+	key.mv_size = ic->kstr.bv_len;
+
+	if ( ic->count > MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE ) {
+		while ( ic->flags & WAS_FOUND ) {
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, data, MDB_SET );
+			if ( rc ) {
+				/* FIXME: find out why this happens */
+				ic->flags = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			if ( ic->flags & WAS_RANGE ) {
+				/* Skip lo */
+				rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, data, MDB_NEXT_DUP );
+
+				/* Get hi */
+				rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, data, MDB_NEXT_DUP );
+
+				/* Store range hi */
+				data[0].mv_data = &ic->last;
+				rc = mdb_cursor_put( mc, &key, data, MDB_CURRENT );
+			} else {
+				/* Delete old data, replace with range */
+				ic->first = *(ID *)data[0].mv_data;
+				mdb_cursor_del( mc, MDB_NODUPDATA );
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		if ( !(ic->flags & WAS_RANGE)) {
+			/* range, didn't exist before */
+			nid = 0;
+			data[0].mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+			data[0].mv_data = &nid;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_put( mc, &key, data, 0 );
+			if ( rc == 0 ) {
+				data[0].mv_data = &ic->first;
+				rc = mdb_cursor_put( mc, &key, data, 0 );
+				if ( rc == 0 ) {
+					data[0].mv_data = &ic->last;
+					rc = mdb_cursor_put( mc, &key, data, 0 );
+				}
+			}
+			if ( rc ) {
+				rc = -1;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* Normal write */
+		int n;
+
+		data[0].mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+		rc = 0;
+		i = ic->offset;
+		for ( ice = ic->head, n=0; ice; ice = ice->next, n++ ) {
+			int end;
+			if ( ice->next ) {
+				end = IDBLOCK;
+			} else {
+				end = ic->count & (IDBLOCK-1);
+				if ( !end )
+					end = IDBLOCK;
+			}
+			data[1].mv_size = end - i;
+			data[0].mv_data = &ice->ids[i];
+			i = 0;
+			rc = mdb_cursor_put( mc, &key, data, MDB_NODUPDATA|MDB_APPEND|MDB_MULTIPLE );
+			if ( rc ) {
+				if ( rc == MDB_KEYEXIST ) {
+					rc = 0;
+					continue;
+				}
+				rc = -1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if ( ic->head ) {
+			ic->tail->next = ai->ai_flist;
+			ai->ai_flist = ic->head;
+		}
+	}
+	ic->head = ai->ai_clist;
+	ai->ai_clist = ic;
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_tool_idl_flush_db( MDB_txn *txn, AttrInfo *ai )
+{
+	MDB_cursor *mc;
+	Avlnode *root;
+	int rc;
+
+	mdb_cursor_open( txn, ai->ai_dbi, &mc );
+	root = tavl_end( ai->ai_root, TAVL_DIR_LEFT );
+	do {
+		rc = mdb_tool_idl_flush_one( mc, ai, root->avl_data );
+		if ( rc != -1 )
+			rc = 0;
+	} while ((root = tavl_next(root, TAVL_DIR_RIGHT)));
+	mdb_cursor_close( mc );
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int
+mdb_tool_idl_flush( BackendDB *be, MDB_txn *txn )
+{
+	struct mdb_info *mdb = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	int rc = 0;
+	unsigned int i, dbi;
+
+	for ( i=0; i < mdb->mi_nattrs; i++ ) {
+		if ( !mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_root ) continue;
+		rc = mdb_tool_idl_flush_db( txn, mdb->mi_attrs[i] );
+		tavl_free(mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_root, NULL);
+		mdb->mi_attrs[i]->ai_root = NULL;
+		if ( rc )
+			break;
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int mdb_tool_idl_add(
+	BackendDB *be,
+	MDB_cursor *mc,
+	struct berval *keys,
+	ID id )
+{
+	MDB_dbi dbi;
+	mdb_tool_idl_cache *ic, itmp;
+	mdb_tool_idl_cache_entry *ice;
+	int i, rc, lcount;
+	AttrInfo *ai = (AttrInfo *)mc;
+	mc = ai->ai_cursor;
+
+	dbi = ai->ai_dbi;
+	for (i=0; keys[i].bv_val; i++) {
+	itmp.kstr = keys[i];
+	ic = tavl_find( (Avlnode *)ai->ai_root, &itmp, mdb_tool_idl_cmp );
+
+	/* No entry yet, create one */
+	if ( !ic ) {
+		MDB_val key, data;
+		ID nid;
+		int rc;
+
+		if ( ai->ai_clist ) {
+			ic = ai->ai_clist;
+			ai->ai_clist = ic->head;
+		} else {
+			ic = ch_malloc( sizeof( mdb_tool_idl_cache ) + itmp.kstr.bv_len + 4 );
+		}
+		ic->kstr.bv_len = itmp.kstr.bv_len;
+		ic->kstr.bv_val = (char *)(ic+1);
+		memcpy( ic->kstr.bv_val, itmp.kstr.bv_val, ic->kstr.bv_len );
+		ic->head = ic->tail = NULL;
+		ic->last = 0;
+		ic->count = 0;
+		ic->offset = 0;
+		ic->flags = 0;
+		tavl_insert( (Avlnode **)&ai->ai_root, ic, mdb_tool_idl_cmp,
+			avl_dup_error );
+
+		/* load existing key count here */
+		key.mv_size = keys[i].bv_len;
+		key.mv_data = keys[i].bv_val;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get( mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET );
+		if ( rc == 0 ) {
+			ic->flags |= WAS_FOUND;
+			nid = *(ID *)data.mv_data;
+			if ( nid == 0 ) {
+				ic->count = MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE+1;
+				ic->flags |= WAS_RANGE;
+			} else {
+				size_t count;
+
+				mdb_cursor_count( mc, &count );
+				ic->count = count;
+				ic->first = nid;
+				ic->offset = count & (IDBLOCK-1);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	/* are we a range already? */
+	if ( ic->count > MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE ) {
+		ic->last = id;
+		continue;
+	/* Are we at the limit, and converting to a range? */
+	} else if ( ic->count == MDB_IDL_DB_SIZE ) {
+		if ( ic->head ) {
+			ic->tail->next = ai->ai_flist;
+			ai->ai_flist = ic->head;
+		}
+		ic->head = ic->tail = NULL;
+		ic->last = id;
+		ic->count++;
+		continue;
+	}
+	/* No free block, create that too */
+	lcount = ic->count & (IDBLOCK-1);
+	if ( !ic->tail || lcount == 0) {
+		if ( ai->ai_flist ) {
+			ice = ai->ai_flist;
+			ai->ai_flist = ice->next;
+		} else {
+			ice = ch_malloc( sizeof( mdb_tool_idl_cache_entry ));
+		}
+		ice->next = NULL;
+		if ( !ic->head ) {
+			ic->head = ice;
+		} else {
+			ic->tail->next = ice;
+		}
+		ic->tail = ice;
+		if ( lcount )
+			ice->ids[lcount-1] = 0;
+		if ( !ic->count )
+			ic->first = id;
+	}
+	ice = ic->tail;
+	if (!lcount || ice->ids[lcount-1] != id)
+		ice->ids[lcount] = id;
+	ic->count++;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* MDB_TOOL_IDL_CACHING */
+
+/* Upgrade from pre 2.4.34 dn2id format */
+
+#include <ac/unistd.h>
+#include <lutil_meter.h>
+
+#define STACKSIZ	2048
+
+typedef struct rec {
+	ID id;
+	size_t len;
+	char rdn[512];
+} rec;
+
+static int
+mdb_dn2id_upgrade( BackendDB *be ) {
+	struct mdb_info *mi = (struct mdb_info *) be->be_private;
+	MDB_txn *mt;
+	MDB_cursor *mc = NULL;
+	MDB_val key, data;
+	int rc, writes=0, depth=0;
+	int enable_meter = 0;
+	ID id = 0, *num, count = 0;
+	rec *stack;
+	lutil_meter_t meter;
+
+	if (!(mi->mi_flags & MDB_NEED_UPGRADE)) {
+		Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "database %s: No upgrade needed.\n",
+			be->be_suffix[0].bv_val, 0, 0 );
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	{
+		MDB_stat st;
+
+		mdb_stat(mdb_cursor_txn(cursor), mi->mi_dbis[MDB_ID2ENTRY], &st);
+		if (!st.ms_entries) {
+			/* Empty DB, nothing to upgrade? */
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (isatty(2))
+			enable_meter = !lutil_meter_open(&meter,
+				&lutil_meter_text_display,
+				&lutil_meter_linear_estimator,
+				st.ms_entries);
+	}
+
+	num = ch_malloc(STACKSIZ * (sizeof(ID) + sizeof(rec)));
+	stack = (rec *)(num + STACKSIZ);
+
+	rc = mdb_txn_begin(mi->mi_dbenv, NULL, 0, &mt);
+	if (rc) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_txn_begin failed, %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+		goto leave;
+	}
+	rc = mdb_cursor_open(mt, mi->mi_dbis[MDB_DN2ID], &mc);
+	if (rc) {
+		Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_cursor_open failed, %s (%d)\n",
+			mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+		goto leave;
+	}
+
+	key.mv_size = sizeof(ID);
+	/* post-order depth-first update */
+	for(;;) {
+		size_t dkids;
+		unsigned char *ptr;
+
+		/* visit */
+		key.mv_data = &id;
+		stack[depth].id = id;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get(mc, &key, &data, MDB_SET);
+		if (rc) {
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_cursor_get failed, %s (%d)\n",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+			goto leave;
+		}
+		num[depth] = 1;
+
+		rc = mdb_cursor_count(mc, &dkids);
+		if (rc) {
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_cursor_count failed, %s (%d)\n",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+			goto leave;
+		}
+		if (dkids > 1) {
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get(mc, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT_DUP);
+down:
+			ptr = (unsigned char *)data.mv_data + data.mv_size - sizeof(ID);
+			memcpy(&id, ptr, sizeof(ID));
+			depth++;
+			memcpy(stack[depth].rdn, data.mv_data, data.mv_size);
+			stack[depth].len = data.mv_size;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+
+		/* pop: write updated count, advance to next node */
+pop:
+		/* update superior counts */
+		if (depth)
+			num[depth-1] += num[depth];
+
+		key.mv_data = &id;
+		id = stack[depth-1].id;
+		data.mv_data = stack[depth].rdn;
+		data.mv_size = stack[depth].len;
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get(mc, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH);
+		if (rc) {
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_cursor_get(BOTH) failed, %s (%d)\n",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+			goto leave;
+		}
+		data.mv_data = stack[depth].rdn;
+		ptr = (unsigned char *)data.mv_data + data.mv_size;
+		memcpy(ptr, &num[depth], sizeof(ID));
+		data.mv_size += sizeof(ID);
+		rc = mdb_cursor_del(mc, 0);
+		if (rc) {
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_cursor_del failed, %s (%d)\n",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+			goto leave;
+		}
+		rc = mdb_cursor_put(mc, &key, &data, 0);
+		if (rc) {
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_cursor_put failed, %s (%d)\n",
+				mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+			goto leave;
+		}
+		count++;
+#if 1
+		if (enable_meter)
+			lutil_meter_update(&meter, count, 0);
+#else
+		{
+			int len;
+			ptr = data.mv_data;
+			len = (ptr[0] & 0x7f) << 8 | ptr[1];
+			printf("ID: %zu, %zu, %.*s\n", stack[depth].id, num[depth], len, ptr+2);
+		}
+#endif
+		writes++;
+		if (writes == 1000) {
+			mdb_cursor_close(mc);
+			rc = mdb_txn_commit(mt);
+			if (rc) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_txn_commit failed, %s (%d)\n",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+				goto leave;
+			}
+			rc = mdb_txn_begin(mi->mi_dbenv, NULL, 0, &mt);
+			if (rc) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_txn_begin(2) failed, %s (%d)\n",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+				goto leave;
+			}
+			rc = mdb_cursor_open(mt, mi->mi_dbis[MDB_DN2ID], &mc);
+			if (rc) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_cursor_open(2) failed, %s (%d)\n",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+				goto leave;
+			}
+			rc = mdb_cursor_get(mc, &key, &data, MDB_GET_BOTH);
+			if (rc) {
+				Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_cursor_get(2) failed, %s (%d)\n",
+					mdb_strerror(rc), rc, 0 );
+				goto leave;
+			}
+			writes = 0;
+		}
+		depth--;
+
+		rc = mdb_cursor_get(mc, &key, &data, MDB_NEXT_DUP);
+		if (rc == 0)
+			goto down;
+		rc = 0;
+		if (depth)
+			goto pop;
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+leave:
+	mdb_cursor_close(mc);
+	if (mt) {
+		int r2;
+		r2 = mdb_txn_commit(mt);
+		if (r2) {
+			Debug(LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, "mdb_dn2id_upgrade: mdb_txn_commit(2) failed, %s (%d)\n",
+				mdb_strerror(r2), r2, 0 );
+			if (!rc)
+				rc = r2;
+		}
+	}
+	ch_free(num);
+	if (enable_meter) {
+		lutil_meter_update(&meter, count, 1);
+		lutil_meter_close(&meter);
+	}
+	return rc;
+}