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diff --git a/docs/docsite/rst/scenario_guides/guide_packet.rst b/docs/docsite/rst/scenario_guides/guide_packet.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000..512620c --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docsite/rst/scenario_guides/guide_packet.rst @@ -0,0 +1,311 @@ +********************************** +Packet.net Guide +********************************** + +Introduction +============ + +`Packet.net <https://packet.net>`_ is a bare metal infrastructure host that's supported by Ansible (>=2.3) through a dynamic inventory script and two cloud modules. The two modules are: + +- packet_sshkey: adds a public SSH key from file or value to the Packet infrastructure. Every subsequently-created device will have this public key installed in .ssh/authorized_keys. +- packet_device: manages servers on Packet. You can use this module to create, restart and delete devices. + +Note, this guide assumes you are familiar with Ansible and how it works. If you're not, have a look at their :ref:`docs <ansible_documentation>` before getting started. + +Requirements +============ + +The Packet modules and inventory script connect to the Packet API using the packet-python package. You can install it with pip: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ pip install packet-python + +In order to check the state of devices created by Ansible on Packet, it's a good idea to install one of the `Packet CLI clients <https://www.packet.net/developers/integrations/>`_. Otherwise you can check them through the `Packet portal <https://app.packet.net/portal>`_. + +To use the modules and inventory script you'll need a Packet API token. You can generate an API token through the Packet portal `here <https://app.packet.net/portal#/api-keys>`__. The simplest way to authenticate yourself is to set the Packet API token in an environment variable: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ export PACKET_API_TOKEN=Bfse9F24SFtfs423Gsd3ifGsd43sSdfs + +If you're not comfortable exporting your API token, you can pass it as a parameter to the modules. + +On Packet, devices and reserved IP addresses belong to `projects <https://www.packet.com/developers/api/#projects>`_. In order to use the packet_device module, you need to specify the UUID of the project in which you want to create or manage devices. You can find a project's UUID in the Packet portal `here <https://app.packet.net/portal#/projects/list/table/>`_ (it's just under the project table) or through one of the available `CLIs <https://www.packet.net/developers/integrations/>`_. + + +If you want to use a new SSH key pair in this tutorial, you can generate it to ``./id_rsa`` and ``./id_rsa.pub`` as: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ./id_rsa + +If you want to use an existing key pair, just copy the private and public key over to the playbook directory. + + +Device Creation +=============== + +The following code block is a simple playbook that creates one `Type 0 <https://www.packet.com/cloud/servers/t1-small/>`_ server (the 'plan' parameter). You have to supply 'plan' and 'operating_system'. 'location' defaults to 'ewr1' (Parsippany, NJ). You can find all the possible values for the parameters through a `CLI client <https://www.packet.net/developers/integrations/>`_. + +.. code-block:: yaml + + # playbook_create.yml + + - name: create ubuntu device + hosts: localhost + tasks: + + - packet_sshkey: + key_file: ./id_rsa.pub + label: tutorial key + + - packet_device: + project_id: <your_project_id> + hostnames: myserver + operating_system: ubuntu_16_04 + plan: baremetal_0 + facility: sjc1 + +After running ``ansible-playbook playbook_create.yml``, you should have a server provisioned on Packet. You can verify through a CLI or in the `Packet portal <https://app.packet.net/portal#/projects/list/table>`__. + +If you get an error with the message "failed to set machine state present, error: Error 404: Not Found", please verify your project UUID. + + +Updating Devices +================ + +The two parameters used to uniquely identify Packet devices are: "device_ids" and "hostnames". Both parameters accept either a single string (later converted to a one-element list), or a list of strings. + +The 'device_ids' and 'hostnames' parameters are mutually exclusive. The following values are all acceptable: + +- device_ids: a27b7a83-fc93-435b-a128-47a5b04f2dcf + +- hostnames: mydev1 + +- device_ids: [a27b7a83-fc93-435b-a128-47a5b04f2dcf, 4887130f-0ccd-49a0-99b0-323c1ceb527b] + +- hostnames: [mydev1, mydev2] + +In addition, hostnames can contain a special '%d' formatter along with a 'count' parameter that lets you easily expand hostnames that follow a simple name and number pattern; in other words, ``hostnames: "mydev%d", count: 2`` will expand to [mydev1, mydev2]. + +If your playbook acts on existing Packet devices, you can only pass the 'hostname' and 'device_ids' parameters. The following playbook shows how you can reboot a specific Packet device by setting the 'hostname' parameter: + +.. code-block:: yaml + + # playbook_reboot.yml + + - name: reboot myserver + hosts: localhost + tasks: + + - packet_device: + project_id: <your_project_id> + hostnames: myserver + state: rebooted + +You can also identify specific Packet devices with the 'device_ids' parameter. The device's UUID can be found in the `Packet Portal <https://app.packet.net/portal>`_ or by using a `CLI <https://www.packet.net/developers/integrations/>`_. The following playbook removes a Packet device using the 'device_ids' field: + +.. code-block:: yaml + + # playbook_remove.yml + + - name: remove a device + hosts: localhost + tasks: + + - packet_device: + project_id: <your_project_id> + device_ids: <myserver_device_id> + state: absent + + +More Complex Playbooks +====================== + +In this example, we'll create a CoreOS cluster with `user data <https://packet.com/developers/docs/servers/key-features/user-data/>`_. + + +The CoreOS cluster will use `etcd <https://etcd.io/>`_ for discovery of other servers in the cluster. Before provisioning your servers, you'll need to generate a discovery token for your cluster: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ curl -w "\n" 'https://discovery.etcd.io/new?size=3' + +The following playbook will create an SSH key, 3 Packet servers, and then wait until SSH is ready (or until 5 minutes passed). Make sure to substitute the discovery token URL in 'user_data', and the 'project_id' before running ``ansible-playbook``. Also, feel free to change 'plan' and 'facility'. + +.. code-block:: yaml + + # playbook_coreos.yml + + - name: Start 3 CoreOS nodes in Packet and wait until SSH is ready + hosts: localhost + tasks: + + - packet_sshkey: + key_file: ./id_rsa.pub + label: new + + - packet_device: + hostnames: [coreos-one, coreos-two, coreos-three] + operating_system: coreos_beta + plan: baremetal_0 + facility: ewr1 + project_id: <your_project_id> + wait_for_public_IPv: 4 + user_data: | + #cloud-config + coreos: + etcd2: + discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/<token> + advertise-client-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2379,http://$private_ipv4:4001 + initial-advertise-peer-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2380 + listen-client-urls: http://0.0.0.0:2379,http://0.0.0.0:4001 + listen-peer-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2380 + fleet: + public-ip: $private_ipv4 + units: + - name: etcd2.service + command: start + - name: fleet.service + command: start + register: newhosts + + - name: wait for ssh + wait_for: + delay: 1 + host: "{{ item.public_ipv4 }}" + port: 22 + state: started + timeout: 500 + loop: "{{ newhosts.results[0].devices }}" + + +As with most Ansible modules, the default states of the Packet modules are idempotent, meaning the resources in your project will remain the same after re-runs of a playbook. Thus, we can keep the ``packet_sshkey`` module call in our playbook. If the public key is already in your Packet account, the call will have no effect. + +The second module call provisions 3 Packet Type 0 (specified using the 'plan' parameter) servers in the project identified by the 'project_id' parameter. The servers are all provisioned with CoreOS beta (the 'operating_system' parameter) and are customized with cloud-config user data passed to the 'user_data' parameter. + +The ``packet_device`` module has a ``wait_for_public_IPv`` that is used to specify the version of the IP address to wait for (valid values are ``4`` or ``6`` for IPv4 or IPv6). If specified, Ansible will wait until the GET API call for a device contains an Internet-routeable IP address of the specified version. When referring to an IP address of a created device in subsequent module calls, it's wise to use the ``wait_for_public_IPv`` parameter, or ``state: active`` in the packet_device module call. + +Run the playbook: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ ansible-playbook playbook_coreos.yml + +Once the playbook quits, your new devices should be reachable through SSH. Try to connect to one and check if etcd has started properly: + +.. code-block:: bash + + tomk@work $ ssh -i id_rsa core@$one_of_the_servers_ip + core@coreos-one ~ $ etcdctl cluster-health + +Once you create a couple of devices, you might appreciate the dynamic inventory script... + + +Dynamic Inventory Script +======================== + +The dynamic inventory script queries the Packet API for a list of hosts, and exposes it to Ansible so you can easily identify and act on Packet devices. + +You can find it in Ansible Community General Collection's git repo at `scripts/inventory/packet_net.py <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ansible-community/contrib-scripts/main/inventory/packet_net.py>`_. + +The inventory script is configurable through an `ini file <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ansible-community/contrib-scripts/main/inventory/packet_net.ini>`_. + +If you want to use the inventory script, you must first export your Packet API token to a PACKET_API_TOKEN environment variable. + +You can either copy the inventory and ini config out from the cloned git repo, or you can download it to your working directory like so: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ansible-community/contrib-scripts/main/inventory/packet_net.py + $ chmod +x packet_net.py + $ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ansible-community/contrib-scripts/main/inventory/packet_net.ini + +In order to understand what the inventory script gives to Ansible you can run: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ ./packet_net.py --list + +It should print a JSON document looking similar to following trimmed dictionary: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "_meta": { + "hostvars": { + "147.75.64.169": { + "packet_billing_cycle": "hourly", + "packet_created_at": "2017-02-09T17:11:26Z", + "packet_facility": "ewr1", + "packet_hostname": "coreos-two", + "packet_href": "/devices/d0ab8972-54a8-4bff-832b-28549d1bec96", + "packet_id": "d0ab8972-54a8-4bff-832b-28549d1bec96", + "packet_locked": false, + "packet_operating_system": "coreos_beta", + "packet_plan": "baremetal_0", + "packet_state": "active", + "packet_updated_at": "2017-02-09T17:16:35Z", + "packet_user": "core", + "packet_userdata": "#cloud-config\ncoreos:\n etcd2:\n discovery: https://discovery.etcd.io/e0c8a4a9b8fe61acd51ec599e2a4f68e\n advertise-client-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2379,http://$private_ipv4:4001\n initial-advertise-peer-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2380\n listen-client-urls: http://0.0.0.0:2379,http://0.0.0.0:4001\n listen-peer-urls: http://$private_ipv4:2380\n fleet:\n public-ip: $private_ipv4\n units:\n - name: etcd2.service\n command: start\n - name: fleet.service\n command: start" + } + } + }, + "baremetal_0": [ + "147.75.202.255", + "147.75.202.251", + "147.75.202.249", + "147.75.64.129", + "147.75.192.51", + "147.75.64.169" + ], + "coreos_beta": [ + "147.75.202.255", + "147.75.202.251", + "147.75.202.249", + "147.75.64.129", + "147.75.192.51", + "147.75.64.169" + ], + "ewr1": [ + "147.75.64.129", + "147.75.192.51", + "147.75.64.169" + ], + "sjc1": [ + "147.75.202.255", + "147.75.202.251", + "147.75.202.249" + ], + "coreos-two": [ + "147.75.64.169" + ], + "d0ab8972-54a8-4bff-832b-28549d1bec96": [ + "147.75.64.169" + ] + } + +In the ``['_meta']['hostvars']`` key, there is a list of devices (uniquely identified by their public IPv4 address) with their parameters. The other keys under ``['_meta']`` are lists of devices grouped by some parameter. Here, it is type (all devices are of type baremetal_0), operating system, and facility (ewr1 and sjc1). + +In addition to the parameter groups, there are also one-item groups with the UUID or hostname of the device. + +You can now target groups in playbooks! The following playbook will install a role that supplies resources for an Ansible target into all devices in the "coreos_beta" group: + +.. code-block:: yaml + + # playbook_bootstrap.yml + + - hosts: coreos_beta + gather_facts: false + roles: + - defunctzombie.coreos-boostrap + +Don't forget to supply the dynamic inventory in the ``-i`` argument! + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ ansible-playbook -u core -i packet_net.py playbook_bootstrap.yml + + +If you have any questions or comments let us know! help@packet.net |