diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/apt-cache.8.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/apt-cache.8.xml | 392 |
1 files changed, 392 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/doc/apt-cache.8.xml b/doc/apt-cache.8.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0958dbc --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/apt-cache.8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,392 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?> +<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % aptent SYSTEM "apt.ent"> %aptent; +<!ENTITY % aptverbatiment SYSTEM "apt-verbatim.ent"> %aptverbatiment; +<!ENTITY % aptvendor SYSTEM "apt-vendor.ent"> %aptvendor; +]> + +<refentry> + + <refentryinfo> + &apt-author.jgunthorpe; + &apt-author.team; + &apt-email; + &apt-product; + <!-- The last update date --> + <date>2019-04-04T00:00:00Z</date> + </refentryinfo> + + <refmeta> + <refentrytitle>apt-cache</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>8</manvolnum> + <refmiscinfo class="manual">APT</refmiscinfo> + </refmeta> + + <!-- Man page title --> + <refnamediv> + <refname>apt-cache</refname> + <refpurpose>query the APT cache</refpurpose> + </refnamediv> + + &synopsis-command-apt-cache; + + <refsect1><title>Description</title> + <para> + <command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's + package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the + state of the system but does provide operations to search and generate + interesting output from the package metadata. The metadata is acquired + and updated via the 'update' command of e.g. <command>apt-get</command>, + so that it can be outdated if the last update is too long ago, but in + exchange <command>apt-cache</command> works independently of the + availability of the configured sources (e.g. offline). + </para> + + <para>Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given, one of the + commands below must be present.</para> + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry><term><option>gencaches</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>gencaches</literal> creates APT's package cache. This is done + implicitly by all commands needing this cache if it is missing or outdated.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>showpkg</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on the + command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available + versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as + well as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) + dependencies are those packages upon which the package in question + depends; reverse dependencies are those packages that depend upon the + package in question. Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a + package, but reverse dependencies need not be. + For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg libreadline2</command> would produce + output similar to the following:</para> + +<informalexample><programlisting> +Package: libreadline2 +Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages), +Reverse Depends: + libreadlineg2,libreadline2 + libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2 +Dependencies: +2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null)) +Provides: +2.1-12 - +Reverse Provides: +</programlisting></informalexample> + + <para>Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on + libc5 and ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. + In turn, libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If + libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be + installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be + installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it + is best to consult the apt source code.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>stats</option></term><listitem><para><literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. + No further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are: + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found + in the cache.</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem><para><literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary package + names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence between + their names and the names used by other packages for them in + dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category.</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem><para><literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that exist + only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only "provide" the + virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For + instance, "mail-transport-agent" in the Debian system is a + pure virtual package; several packages provide "mail-transport-agent", + but there is no package named "mail-transport-agent".</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem><para><literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with only + one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the + Debian system, "X11-text-viewer" is a virtual package, but + only one package, xless, provides "X11-text-viewer".</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem><para><literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that either + provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name + as the package name. For instance, in the Debian system, + "debconf" is both an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny + package.</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem><para><literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were referenced in + a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing packages may + be an evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a package + (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually they + are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements.</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem><para><literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions + found in the cache. If more than one distribution is being accessed + (for instance, "stable" and "unstable"), this value + can be considerably larger than the number of total package names.</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem><para><literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency relationships + claimed by all of the packages in the cache.</para> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>showsrc</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the + source package records that match the given package names. All + versions are shown, as well as all records that declare the name + to be a binary package. Use <option>--only-source</option> to + display only source package names. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>dump</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the cache. It is + primarily for debugging.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>dumpavail</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is + suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>unmet</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the + package cache.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>show</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to + <command>dpkg --print-avail</command>; it displays the package records for the + named packages.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>search</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-regex;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available package + lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see ®ex;. + It searches the package names and the + descriptions for an occurrence of the regular expression and prints out + the package name and the short description, including virtual package + names. + If <option>--full</option> is given + then output identical to <literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched + package, and if <option>--names-only</option> is given then the long description + is not searched, only the package name and provided packages are.</para> + <para> + Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that + are and'ed together.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>depends</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has + and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>rdepends</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a + package has.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>pkgnames</option> <optional><replaceable>&synopsis-prefix;</replaceable></optional></term> + <listitem><para>This command prints the name of each package APT knows. The optional + argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable + for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated + extremely quickly. This command is best used with the + <option>--generate</option> option.</para> + <para>Note that a package which APT knows of is not necessarily available to download, + installable or installed, e.g. virtual packages are also listed in the generated list. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>dotty</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and + generates output suitable for use by dotty from the + <ulink url="http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/">GraphViz</ulink> + package. The result will be a set of nodes and edges representing the + relationships between the packages. By default the given packages will + trace out all dependent packages; this can produce a very large graph. + To limit the output to only the packages listed on the command line, + set the <literal>APT::Cache::GivenOnly</literal> option.</para> + + <para>The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, + pure virtual packages are triangles, mixed virtual packages are diamonds, + missing packages are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped + (leaf packages), blue lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts.</para> + + <para>Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>xvcg</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para>The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the + <ulink url="http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html">VCG tool</ulink>. + </para></listitem></varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>policy</option> <optional><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</optional></term> + <listitem><para><literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the + preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the + priorities of each source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information + about the priority selection of the named package.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>madison</option> <option><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</option></term> + <listitem><para><literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts to mimic + the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian + archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays + available versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the + original <literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for + the architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists + (<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>).</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </refsect1> + + <refsect1><title>options</title> + &apt-cmdblurb; + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry><term><option>-p</option></term><term><option>--pkg-cache</option></term> + <listitem><para>Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the + primary cache used by all operations. + Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::pkgcache</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>-s</option></term><term><option>--src-cache</option></term> + <listitem><para>Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by + <literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package + information from remote sources. When building the package cache the + source cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. + Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>-q</option></term><term><option>--quiet</option></term> + <listitem><para>Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. + More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use + <option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the configuration file. + Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>-i</option></term><term><option>--important</option></term> + <listitem><para>Print only important dependencies; for use with <literal>unmet</literal> + and <literal>depends</literal>. Causes only Depends and + Pre-Depends relations to be printed. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>--no-pre-depends</option></term> + <term><option>--no-depends</option></term> + <term><option>--no-recommends</option></term> + <term><option>--no-suggests</option></term> + <term><option>--no-conflicts</option></term> + <term><option>--no-breaks</option></term> + <term><option>--no-replaces</option></term> + <term><option>--no-enhances</option></term> + <listitem><para>Per default the <command>depends</command> and + <command>rdepends</command> print all dependencies. This can be tweaked with + these flags which will omit the specified dependency type. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Show<replaceable>DependencyType</replaceable></literal> + e.g. <literal>APT::Cache::ShowRecommends</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>--implicit</option></term> + <listitem><para>Per default <command>depends</command> and <command>rdepends</command> + print only dependencies explicitly expressed in the metadata. With this flag + it will also show dependencies implicitly added based on the encountered data. + A <literal>Conflicts: foo</literal> e.g. expresses implicitly that this package + also conflicts with the package foo from any other architecture. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::ShowImplicit</literal>. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>-f</option></term><term><option>--full</option></term> + <listitem><para>Print full package records when searching. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>-a</option></term><term><option>--all-versions</option></term> + <listitem><para>Print full records for all available versions. This is the + default; to turn it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. + If <option>--no-all-versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version + will be displayed (the one which would be selected for installation). + This option is only applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>-g</option></term><term><option>--generate</option></term> + <listitem><para>Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache + as it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use <option>--no-generate</option>. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>--names-only</option></term><term><option>-n</option></term> + <listitem><para>Only search on the package and provided package names, not the long descriptions. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>--all-names</option></term> + <listitem><para>Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages + and missing dependencies. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::AllNames</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>--recurse</option></term> + <listitem><para>Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so + that all packages mentioned are printed once. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>--installed</option></term> + <listitem><para> + Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> to + packages which are currently installed. + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry><term><option>--with-source</option> <option>&synopsis-param-filename;</option></term> + <listitem><para> + Adds the given file as a source for metadata. Can be repeated to add multiple files. + Supported are currently <literal>*.deb</literal>, <literal>*.dsc</literal>, + <literal>*.changes</literal>, <literal>Sources</literal> and + <literal>Packages</literal> files as well as source package directories. + Files are matched based on their name only, not their content!</para> + <para><literal>Sources</literal> and <literal>Packages</literal> can be compressed in any + format apt supports as long as they have the correct extension. If you need to store + multiple of these files in one directory you can prefix a name of your choice with the + last character being an underscore ("<literal>_</literal>"). Example: my.example_Packages.xz</para> + <para>Note that these sources are treated as trusted (see &apt-secure;). + Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Sources::With</literal>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + &apt-commonoptions; + + </variablelist> + </refsect1> + + <refsect1><title>Files</title> + <variablelist> + &file-sourceslist; + &file-statelists; + </variablelist> + </refsect1> + + <refsect1><title>See Also</title> + <para>&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get; + </para> + </refsect1> + + <refsect1><title>Diagnostics</title> + <para><command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error. + </para> + </refsect1> + + &manbugs; + +</refentry> |