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diff --git a/docs/plat/qemu.rst b/docs/plat/qemu.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6986326 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/plat/qemu.rst @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ +QEMU virt Armv8-A +================= + +Trusted Firmware-A (TF-A) implements the EL3 firmware layer for QEMU virt +Armv8-A. BL1 is used as the BootROM, supplied with the -bios argument. +When QEMU starts all CPUs are released simultaneously, BL1 selects a +primary CPU to handle the boot and the secondaries are placed in a polling +loop to be released by normal world via PSCI. + +BL2 edits the Flattened Device Tree, FDT, generated by QEMU at run-time to +add a node describing PSCI and also enable methods for the CPUs. + +If ``ARM_LINUX_KERNEL_AS_BL33`` is set to 1 then this FDT will be passed to BL33 +via register x0, as expected by a Linux kernel. This allows a Linux kernel image +to be booted directly as BL33 rather than using a bootloader. + +An ARM64 defconfig v5.5 Linux kernel is known to boot, FDT doesn't need to be +provided as it's generated by QEMU. + +Current limitations: + +- Only cold boot is supported + +Getting non-TF images +--------------------- + +``QEMU_EFI.fd`` can be downloaded from +http://snapshots.linaro.org/components/kernel/leg-virt-tianocore-edk2-upstream/latest/QEMU-KERNEL-AARCH64/RELEASE_GCC5/QEMU_EFI.fd + +or, can be built as follows: + +.. code:: shell + + git clone https://github.com/tianocore/edk2.git + cd edk2 + git submodule update --init + make -C BaseTools + source edksetup.sh + export GCC5_AARCH64_PREFIX=aarch64-linux-gnu- + build -a AARCH64 -t GCC5 -p ArmVirtPkg/ArmVirtQemuKernel.dsc + +```` + +Then, you will get ``Build/ArmVirtQemuKernel-AARCH64/DEBUG_GCC5/FV/QEMU_EFI.fd`` + +Please note you do not need to use GCC 5 in spite of the environment variable +``GCC5_AARCH64_PREFIX`` + +The rootfs can be built by using Buildroot as follows: + +.. code:: shell + + git clone git://git.buildroot.net/buildroot.git + cd buildroot + make qemu_aarch64_virt_defconfig + utils/config -e BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_CPIO + utils/config -e BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_CPIO_GZIP + make olddefconfig + make + +Then, you will get ``output/images/rootfs.cpio.gz``. + +Booting via semi-hosting option +------------------------------- + +Boot binaries, except BL1, are primarily loaded via semi-hosting so all +binaries has to reside in the same directory as QEMU is started from. This +is conveniently achieved with symlinks the local names as: + +- ``bl2.bin`` -> BL2 +- ``bl31.bin`` -> BL31 +- ``bl33.bin`` -> BL33 (``QEMU_EFI.fd``) +- ``Image`` -> linux/arch/arm64/boot/Image + +To build: + +.. code:: shell + + make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-none-elf- PLAT=qemu + +To start (QEMU v5.0.0): + +.. code:: shell + + qemu-system-aarch64 -nographic -machine virt,secure=on -cpu cortex-a57 \ + -kernel Image \ + -append "console=ttyAMA0,38400 keep_bootcon" \ + -initrd rootfs.cpio.gz -smp 2 -m 1024 -bios bl1.bin \ + -d unimp -semihosting-config enable,target=native + +Booting via flash based firmwares +--------------------------------- + +Boot firmwares are loaded via secure FLASH0 device so ``bl1.bin`` and +``fip.bin`` should be concatenated to create a ``flash.bin`` that is flashed +onto secure FLASH0. + +- ``bl32.bin`` -> BL32 (``tee-header_v2.bin``) +- ``bl32_extra1.bin`` -> BL32 Extra1 (``tee-pager_v2.bin``) +- ``bl32_extra2.bin`` -> BL32 Extra2 (``tee-pageable_v2.bin``) +- ``bl33.bin`` -> BL33 (``QEMU_EFI.fd``) +- ``Image`` -> linux/arch/arm64/boot/Image + +To build: + +.. code:: shell + + make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- PLAT=qemu BL32=bl32.bin \ + BL32_EXTRA1=bl32_extra1.bin BL32_EXTRA2=bl32_extra2.bin \ + BL33=bl33.bin BL32_RAM_LOCATION=tdram SPD=opteed all fip + +To build with TBBR enabled, BL31 and BL32 encrypted with test key: + +.. code:: shell + + make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- PLAT=qemu BL32=bl32.bin \ + BL32_EXTRA1=bl32_extra1.bin BL32_EXTRA2=bl32_extra2.bin \ + BL33=bl33.bin BL32_RAM_LOCATION=tdram SPD=opteed all fip \ + MBEDTLS_DIR=<path-to-mbedtls-repo> TRUSTED_BOARD_BOOT=1 \ + GENERATE_COT=1 DECRYPTION_SUPPORT=aes_gcm FW_ENC_STATUS=0 \ + ENCRYPT_BL31=1 ENCRYPT_BL32=1 + +To build flash.bin: + +.. code:: shell + + dd if=build/qemu/release/bl1.bin of=flash.bin bs=4096 conv=notrunc + dd if=build/qemu/release/fip.bin of=flash.bin seek=64 bs=4096 conv=notrunc + +To start (QEMU v5.0.0): + +.. code:: shell + + qemu-system-aarch64 -nographic -machine virt,secure=on -cpu cortex-a57 \ + -kernel Image -no-acpi \ + -append 'console=ttyAMA0,38400 keep_bootcon' \ + -initrd rootfs.cpio.gz -smp 2 -m 1024 -bios flash.bin \ + -d unimp + +Running QEMU in OpenCI +----------------------- + +Linaro's continuous integration platform OpenCI supports running emulated tests +on QEMU. The tests are kicked off on Jenkins and deployed through the Linaro +Automation and Validation Architecture `LAVA`_. + +There are a set of Linux boot tests provided in OpenCI. They rely on prebuilt +`binaries`_ for UEFI, the kernel, root file system, as well as, any other TF-A +dependencies, and are run as part of the OpenCI TF-A `daily job`_. To run them +manually, a `builder`_ job may be triggered with the test configuration +``qemu-boot-tests``. + + +You may see the following warning repeated several times in the boot logs: + +.. code:: shell + + pflash_write: Write to buffer emulation is flawed + +Please ignore this as it is an unresolved `issue in QEMU`_, it is an internal +QEMU warning that logs flawed use of "write to buffer". + +.. note:: + For more information on how to trigger jobs in OpenCI, please refer to + Linaro's CI documentation, which explains how to trigger a `manual job`_. + +.. _binaries: https://downloads.trustedfirmware.org/tf-a/linux_boot/ +.. _daily job: https://ci.trustedfirmware.org/view/TF-A/job/tf-a-main/ +.. _builder: https://ci.trustedfirmware.org/view/TF-A/job/tf-a-builder/ +.. _LAVA: https://tf.validation.linaro.org/ +.. _manual job: https://tf-ci-users-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#manual-job-trigger +.. _issue in QEMU: https://git.qemu.org/?p=qemu.git;a=blob;f=hw/block/pflash_cfi01.c;h=0cbc2fb4cbf62c9a033b8dd89012374ff74ed610;hb=refs/heads/master#l500 |