path: root/pimd/pim_pim.c

/*
 * PIM for Quagga
 * Copyright (C) 2008  Everton da Silva Marques
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; see the file COPYING; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include <zebra.h>

#include "log.h"
#include "thread.h"
#include "memory.h"
#include "if.h"
#include "network.h"

#include "pimd.h"
#include "pim_instance.h"
#include "pim_pim.h"
#include "pim_time.h"
#include "pim_iface.h"
#include "pim_sock.h"
#include "pim_str.h"
#include "pim_util.h"
#include "pim_tlv.h"
#include "pim_neighbor.h"
#include "pim_hello.h"
#include "pim_join.h"
#include "pim_assert.h"
#include "pim_msg.h"
#include "pim_register.h"
#include "pim_errors.h"
#include "pim_bsm.h"
#include <lib/lib_errors.h>

static void on_pim_hello_send(struct thread *t);

static const char *pim_pim_msgtype2str(enum pim_msg_type type)
{
	switch (type) {
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_HELLO:
		return "HELLO";
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_REGISTER:
		return "REGISTER";
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_REG_STOP:
		return "REGSTOP";
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_JOIN_PRUNE:
		return "JOINPRUNE";
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_BOOTSTRAP:
		return "BOOT";
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_ASSERT:
		return "ASSERT";
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_GRAFT:
		return "GRAFT";
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_GRAFT_ACK:
		return "GACK";
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_CANDIDATE:
		return "CANDIDATE";
	}

	return "UNKNOWN";
}

static void sock_close(struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_TRACE) {
		if (pim_ifp->t_pim_sock_read) {
			zlog_debug(
				"Cancelling READ event for PIM socket fd=%d on interface %s",
				pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd, ifp->name);
		}
	}
	THREAD_OFF(pim_ifp->t_pim_sock_read);

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_TRACE) {
		if (pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer) {
			zlog_debug(
				"Cancelling PIM hello timer for interface %s",
				ifp->name);
		}
	}
	THREAD_OFF(pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer);

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_TRACE) {
		zlog_debug("Deleting PIM socket fd=%d on interface %s",
			   pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd, ifp->name);
	}

	/*
	 * If the fd is already deleted no need to do anything here
	 */
	if (pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd > 0 && close(pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd)) {
		zlog_warn(
			"Failure closing PIM socket fd=%d on interface %s: errno=%d: %s",
			pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd, ifp->name, errno,
			safe_strerror(errno));
	}

	pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd = -1;
	pim_ifp->pim_sock_creation = 0;
}

void pim_sock_delete(struct interface *ifp, const char *delete_message)
{
	zlog_info("PIM INTERFACE DOWN: on interface %s: %s", ifp->name,
		  delete_message);

	if (!ifp->info) {
		flog_err(EC_PIM_CONFIG,
			 "%s: %s: but PIM not enabled on interface %s (!)",
			 __func__, delete_message, ifp->name);
		return;
	}

	/*
	  RFC 4601: 4.3.1.  Sending Hello Messages

	  Before an interface goes down or changes primary IP address, a Hello
	  message with a zero HoldTime should be sent immediately (with the
	  old IP address if the IP address changed).
	*/
	pim_hello_send(ifp, 0 /* zero-sec holdtime */);

	pim_neighbor_delete_all(ifp, delete_message);

	sock_close(ifp);
}

/* For now check dst address for hello, assrt and join/prune is all pim rtr */
static bool pim_pkt_dst_addr_ok(enum pim_msg_type type, pim_addr addr)
{
	if ((type == PIM_MSG_TYPE_HELLO) || (type == PIM_MSG_TYPE_ASSERT)
	    || (type == PIM_MSG_TYPE_JOIN_PRUNE)) {
		if (pim_addr_cmp(addr, qpim_all_pim_routers_addr))
			return false;
	}

	return true;
}

int pim_pim_packet(struct interface *ifp, uint8_t *buf, size_t len,
		   pim_sgaddr sg)
{
	struct iovec iov[2], *iovp = iov;
#if PIM_IPV == 4
	struct ip *ip_hdr = (struct ip *)buf;
	size_t ip_hlen; /* ip header length in bytes */
#endif
	uint8_t *pim_msg;
	uint32_t pim_msg_len = 0;
	uint16_t pim_checksum; /* received checksum */
	uint16_t checksum;     /* computed checksum */
	struct pim_neighbor *neigh;
	struct pim_msg_header *header;
	bool   no_fwd;

#if PIM_IPV == 4
	if (len < sizeof(*ip_hdr)) {
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
			zlog_debug(
				"PIM packet size=%zu shorter than minimum=%zu",
				len, sizeof(*ip_hdr));
		return -1;
	}

	ip_hlen = ip_hdr->ip_hl << 2; /* ip_hl gives length in 4-byte words */
	sg = pim_sgaddr_from_iphdr(ip_hdr);

	pim_msg = buf + ip_hlen;
	pim_msg_len = len - ip_hlen;
#else
	struct ipv6_ph phdr = {
		.src = sg.src,
		.dst = sg.grp,
		.ulpl = htonl(len),
		.next_hdr = IPPROTO_PIM,
	};

	iovp->iov_base = &phdr;
	iovp->iov_len = sizeof(phdr);
	iovp++;

	/* NB: header is not included in IPv6 RX */
	pim_msg = buf;
	pim_msg_len = len;
#endif

	iovp->iov_base = pim_msg;
	iovp->iov_len = pim_msg_len;
	iovp++;

	header = (struct pim_msg_header *)pim_msg;
	if (pim_msg_len < PIM_PIM_MIN_LEN) {
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
			zlog_debug(
				"PIM message size=%d shorter than minimum=%d",
				pim_msg_len, PIM_PIM_MIN_LEN);
		return -1;
	}

	if (header->ver != PIM_PROTO_VERSION) {
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
			zlog_debug(
				"Ignoring PIM pkt from %s with unsupported version: %d",
				ifp->name, header->ver);
		return -1;
	}

	/* save received checksum */
	pim_checksum = header->checksum;

	/* for computing checksum */
	header->checksum = 0;
	no_fwd = header->Nbit;

	if (header->type == PIM_MSG_TYPE_REGISTER) {
		if (pim_msg_len < PIM_MSG_REGISTER_LEN) {
			if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
				zlog_debug("PIM Register Message size=%d shorther than min length %d",
					   pim_msg_len, PIM_MSG_REGISTER_LEN);
			return -1;
		}

#if PIM_IPV == 6
		phdr.ulpl = htonl(PIM_MSG_REGISTER_LEN);
#endif
		/* First 8 byte header checksum */
		iovp[-1].iov_len = PIM_MSG_REGISTER_LEN;
		checksum = in_cksumv(iov, iovp - iov);

		if (checksum != pim_checksum) {
#if PIM_IPV == 6
			phdr.ulpl = htonl(pim_msg_len);
#endif
			iovp[-1].iov_len = pim_msg_len;

			checksum = in_cksumv(iov, iovp - iov);
			if (checksum != pim_checksum) {
				if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
					zlog_debug(
						"Ignoring PIM pkt from %s with invalid checksum: received=%x calculated=%x",
						ifp->name, pim_checksum,
						checksum);

				return -1;
			}
		}
	} else {
		checksum = in_cksumv(iov, iovp - iov);
		if (checksum != pim_checksum) {
			if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
				zlog_debug(
					"Ignoring PIM pkt from %s with invalid checksum: received=%x calculated=%x",
					ifp->name, pim_checksum, checksum);

			return -1;
		}
	}

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS) {
		zlog_debug(
			"Recv PIM %s packet from %pPA to %pPA on %s: pim_version=%d pim_msg_size=%d checksum=%x",
			pim_pim_msgtype2str(header->type), &sg.src, &sg.grp,
			ifp->name, header->ver, pim_msg_len, checksum);
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETDUMP_RECV)
			pim_pkt_dump(__func__, pim_msg, pim_msg_len);
	}

	if (!pim_pkt_dst_addr_ok(header->type, sg.grp)) {
		zlog_warn(
			"%s: Ignoring Pkt. Unexpected IP destination %pPA for %s (Expected: all_pim_routers_addr) from %pPA",
			__func__, &sg.grp, pim_pim_msgtype2str(header->type),
			&sg.src);
		return -1;
	}

	switch (header->type) {
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_HELLO:
		return pim_hello_recv(ifp, sg.src, pim_msg + PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN,
				      pim_msg_len - PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN);
		break;
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_REGISTER:
		return pim_register_recv(ifp, sg.grp, sg.src,
					 pim_msg + PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN,
					 pim_msg_len - PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN);
		break;
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_REG_STOP:
		return pim_register_stop_recv(ifp, pim_msg + PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN,
					      pim_msg_len - PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN);
		break;
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_JOIN_PRUNE:
		neigh = pim_neighbor_find(ifp, sg.src);
		if (!neigh) {
			if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
				zlog_debug(
					"%s %s: non-hello PIM message type=%d from non-neighbor %pPA on %s",
					__FILE__, __func__, header->type,
					&sg.src, ifp->name);
			return -1;
		}
		pim_neighbor_timer_reset(neigh, neigh->holdtime);
		return pim_joinprune_recv(ifp, neigh, sg.src,
					  pim_msg + PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN,
					  pim_msg_len - PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN);
		break;
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_ASSERT:
		neigh = pim_neighbor_find(ifp, sg.src);
		if (!neigh) {
			if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
				zlog_debug(
					"%s %s: non-hello PIM message type=%d from non-neighbor %pPA on %s",
					__FILE__, __func__, header->type,
					&sg.src, ifp->name);
			return -1;
		}
		pim_neighbor_timer_reset(neigh, neigh->holdtime);
		return pim_assert_recv(ifp, neigh, sg.src,
				       pim_msg + PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN,
				       pim_msg_len - PIM_MSG_HEADER_LEN);
		break;
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_BOOTSTRAP:
		return pim_bsm_process(ifp, &sg, pim_msg, pim_msg_len, no_fwd);
		break;

	default:
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS) {
			zlog_debug(
				"Recv PIM packet type %d which is not currently understood",
				header->type);
		}
		return -1;
	}
}

static void pim_sock_read_on(struct interface *ifp);

static void pim_sock_read(struct thread *t)
{
	struct interface *ifp, *orig_ifp;
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;
	int fd;
	struct sockaddr_storage from;
	struct sockaddr_storage to;
	socklen_t fromlen = sizeof(from);
	socklen_t tolen = sizeof(to);
	uint8_t buf[PIM_PIM_BUFSIZE_READ];
	int len;
	ifindex_t ifindex = -1;
	int result = -1; /* defaults to bad */
	static long long count = 0;
	int cont = 1;

	orig_ifp = ifp = THREAD_ARG(t);
	fd = THREAD_FD(t);

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	while (cont) {
		pim_sgaddr sg;

		len = pim_socket_recvfromto(fd, buf, sizeof(buf), &from,
					    &fromlen, &to, &tolen, &ifindex);
		if (len < 0) {
			if (errno == EINTR)
				continue;
			if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN)
				break;

			if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
				zlog_debug("Received errno: %d %s", errno,
					   safe_strerror(errno));
			goto done;
		}

		/*
		 * What?  So with vrf's the incoming packet is received
		 * on the vrf interface but recvfromto above returns
		 * the right ifindex, so just use it.  We know
		 * it's the right interface because we bind to it
		 */
		ifp = if_lookup_by_index(ifindex, pim_ifp->pim->vrf->vrf_id);
		if (!ifp || !ifp->info) {
			if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
				zlog_debug(
					"%s: Received incoming pim packet on interface(%s:%d) not yet configured for pim",
					__func__, ifp ? ifp->name : "Unknown",
					ifindex);
			goto done;
		}
#if PIM_IPV == 4
		sg.src = ((struct sockaddr_in *)&from)->sin_addr;
		sg.grp = ((struct sockaddr_in *)&to)->sin_addr;
#else
		sg.src = ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)&from)->sin6_addr;
		sg.grp = ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)&to)->sin6_addr;
#endif

		int fail = pim_pim_packet(ifp, buf, len, sg);
		if (fail) {
			if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
				zlog_debug("%s: pim_pim_packet() return=%d",
					   __func__, fail);
			goto done;
		}

		count++;
		if (count % router->packet_process == 0)
			cont = 0;
	}

	result = 0; /* good */

done:
	pim_sock_read_on(orig_ifp);

	if (result) {
		++pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_hello_recvfail;
	}
}

static void pim_sock_read_on(struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;

	assert(ifp);
	assert(ifp->info);

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_TRACE_DETAIL) {
		zlog_debug("Scheduling READ event on PIM socket fd=%d",
			   pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd);
	}
	thread_add_read(router->master, pim_sock_read, ifp,
			pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd, &pim_ifp->t_pim_sock_read);
}

static int pim_sock_open(struct interface *ifp)
{
	int fd;
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	fd = pim_socket_mcast(IPPROTO_PIM, pim_ifp->primary_address, ifp,
			      0 /* loop=false */);
	if (fd < 0)
		return -1;

	if (pim_socket_join(fd, qpim_all_pim_routers_addr,
			    pim_ifp->primary_address, ifp->ifindex, pim_ifp)) {
		close(fd);
		return -2;
	}

	return fd;
}

void pim_ifstat_reset(struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;

	assert(ifp);

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;
	if (!pim_ifp) {
		return;
	}

	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_start = pim_time_monotonic_sec();
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_hello_sent = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_hello_sendfail = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_hello_recv = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_hello_recvfail = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_bsm_rx = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_bsm_tx = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_join_recv = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_join_send = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_prune_recv = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_prune_send = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_reg_recv = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_reg_send = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_reg_stop_recv = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_reg_stop_send = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_assert_recv = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_assert_send = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_bsm_cfg_miss = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_ucast_bsm_cfg_miss = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_bsm_invalid_sz = 0;
	pim_ifp->igmp_ifstat_joins_sent = 0;
	pim_ifp->igmp_ifstat_joins_failed = 0;
	pim_ifp->igmp_peak_group_count = 0;
}

void pim_sock_reset(struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;

	assert(ifp);
	assert(ifp->info);

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	pim_ifp->primary_address = pim_find_primary_addr(ifp);

	pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd = -1;
	pim_ifp->pim_sock_creation = 0;
	pim_ifp->t_pim_sock_read = NULL;

	pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer = NULL;
	pim_ifp->pim_hello_period = PIM_DEFAULT_HELLO_PERIOD;
	pim_ifp->pim_default_holdtime =
		-1; /* unset: means 3.5 * pim_hello_period */
	pim_ifp->pim_triggered_hello_delay = PIM_DEFAULT_TRIGGERED_HELLO_DELAY;
	pim_ifp->pim_dr_priority = PIM_DEFAULT_DR_PRIORITY;
	pim_ifp->pim_propagation_delay_msec =
		PIM_DEFAULT_PROPAGATION_DELAY_MSEC;
	pim_ifp->pim_override_interval_msec =
		PIM_DEFAULT_OVERRIDE_INTERVAL_MSEC;
	pim_ifp->pim_can_disable_join_suppression =
		PIM_DEFAULT_CAN_DISABLE_JOIN_SUPPRESSION;

	/* neighbors without lan_delay */
	pim_ifp->pim_number_of_nonlandelay_neighbors = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_neighbors_highest_propagation_delay_msec = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_neighbors_highest_override_interval_msec = 0;

	/* DR Election */
	pim_ifp->pim_dr_election_last = 0; /* timestamp */
	pim_ifp->pim_dr_election_count = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_dr_election_changes = 0;
	pim_ifp->pim_dr_num_nondrpri_neighbors =
		0; /* neighbors without dr_pri */
	pim_ifp->pim_dr_addr = pim_ifp->primary_address;
	pim_ifp->am_i_dr = true;

	pim_ifstat_reset(ifp);
}

#if PIM_IPV == 4
static uint16_t ip_id = 0;
#endif

#if PIM_IPV == 4
static int pim_msg_send_frame(int fd, char *buf, size_t len,
			      struct sockaddr *dst, size_t salen,
			      const char *ifname)
{
	if (sendto(fd, buf, len, MSG_DONTWAIT, dst, salen) >= 0)
		return 0;

	if (errno == EMSGSIZE) {
		struct ip *ip = (struct ip *)buf;
		size_t hdrsize = sizeof(struct ip);
		size_t newlen1 = ((len - hdrsize) / 2) & 0xFFF8;
		size_t sendlen = newlen1 + hdrsize;
		size_t offset = ntohs(ip->ip_off);
		int ret;

		ip->ip_len = htons(sendlen);
		ip->ip_off = htons(offset | IP_MF);

		ret = pim_msg_send_frame(fd, buf, sendlen, dst, salen, ifname);
		if (ret)
			return ret;

		struct ip *ip2 = (struct ip *)(buf + newlen1);
		size_t newlen2 = len - sendlen;

		sendlen = newlen2 + hdrsize;

		memcpy(ip2, ip, hdrsize);
		ip2->ip_len = htons(sendlen);
		ip2->ip_off = htons(offset + (newlen1 >> 3));
		return pim_msg_send_frame(fd, (char *)ip2, sendlen, dst, salen,
					  ifname);
	}

	zlog_warn(
		"%s: sendto() failure to %pSU: iface=%s fd=%d msg_size=%zd: %m",
		__func__, dst, ifname, fd, len);
	return -1;
}

#else
static int pim_msg_send_frame(pim_addr src, pim_addr dst, ifindex_t ifindex,
			      struct iovec *message, int fd)
{
	int retval;
	struct msghdr smsghdr = {};
	struct cmsghdr *scmsgp;
	union cmsgbuf {
		struct cmsghdr hdr;
		uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo))];
	};
	struct in6_pktinfo *pktinfo;
	struct sockaddr_in6 dst_sin6 = {};

	union cmsgbuf cmsg_buf = {};

	/* destination address */
	dst_sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
#ifdef SIN6_LEN
	dst_sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
#endif /*SIN6_LEN*/
	dst_sin6.sin6_addr = dst;
	dst_sin6.sin6_scope_id = ifindex;

	/* send msg hdr */
	smsghdr.msg_iov = message;
	smsghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
	smsghdr.msg_name = (caddr_t)&dst_sin6;
	smsghdr.msg_namelen = sizeof(dst_sin6);
	smsghdr.msg_control = (caddr_t)&cmsg_buf.buf;
	smsghdr.msg_controllen = CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo));
	smsghdr.msg_flags = 0;

	scmsgp = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&smsghdr);
	scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
	scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_PKTINFO;
	scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo));

	pktinfo = (struct in6_pktinfo *)(CMSG_DATA(scmsgp));
	pktinfo->ipi6_ifindex = ifindex;
	pktinfo->ipi6_addr = src;

	retval = sendmsg(fd, &smsghdr, 0);
	if (retval < 0)
		flog_err(
			EC_LIB_SOCKET,
			"sendmsg failed: source: %pI6 Dest: %pI6 ifindex: %d: %s (%d)",
			&src, &dst, ifindex, safe_strerror(errno), errno);

	return retval;
}
#endif

int pim_msg_send(int fd, pim_addr src, pim_addr dst, uint8_t *pim_msg,
		 int pim_msg_size, struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;


	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	if (pim_ifp->pim_passive_enable) {
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
			zlog_debug(
				"skip sending PIM message on passive interface %s",
				ifp->name);
		return 0;
	}

#if PIM_IPV == 4
	uint8_t ttl;
	struct pim_msg_header *header;
	unsigned char buffer[10000];

	memset(buffer, 0, 10000);

	header = (struct pim_msg_header *)pim_msg;

/*
 * Omnios apparently doesn't have a #define for IP default
 * ttl that is the same as all other platforms.
 */
#ifndef IPDEFTTL
#define IPDEFTTL   64
#endif
	/* TTL for packets destine to ALL-PIM-ROUTERS is 1 */
	switch (header->type) {
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_HELLO:
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_JOIN_PRUNE:
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_BOOTSTRAP:
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_ASSERT:
		ttl = 1;
		break;
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_REGISTER:
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_REG_STOP:
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_GRAFT:
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_GRAFT_ACK:
	case PIM_MSG_TYPE_CANDIDATE:
		ttl = IPDEFTTL;
		break;
	default:
		ttl = MAXTTL;
		break;
	}

	struct ip *ip = (struct ip *)buffer;
	struct sockaddr_in to = {};
	int sendlen = sizeof(*ip) + pim_msg_size;
	socklen_t tolen;
	unsigned char *msg_start;

	ip->ip_id = htons(++ip_id);
	ip->ip_hl = 5;
	ip->ip_v = 4;
	ip->ip_tos = IPTOS_PREC_INTERNETCONTROL;
	ip->ip_p = PIM_IP_PROTO_PIM;
	ip->ip_src = src;
	ip->ip_dst = dst;
	ip->ip_ttl = ttl;
	ip->ip_len = htons(sendlen);

	to.sin_family = AF_INET;
	to.sin_addr = dst;
	tolen = sizeof(to);

	msg_start = buffer + sizeof(*ip);
	memcpy(msg_start, pim_msg, pim_msg_size);

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
		zlog_debug("%s: to %pPA on %s: msg_size=%d checksum=%x",
			   __func__, &dst, ifp->name, pim_msg_size,
			   header->checksum);

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETDUMP_SEND) {
		pim_pkt_dump(__func__, pim_msg, pim_msg_size);
	}

	pim_msg_send_frame(fd, (char *)buffer, sendlen, (struct sockaddr *)&to,
			   tolen, ifp->name);
	return 0;

#else
	struct iovec iovector[2];

	iovector[0].iov_base = pim_msg;
	iovector[0].iov_len = pim_msg_size;

	pim_msg_send_frame(src, dst, ifp->ifindex, &iovector[0], fd);

	return 0;
#endif
}

static int hello_send(struct interface *ifp, uint16_t holdtime)
{
	uint8_t pim_msg[PIM_PIM_BUFSIZE_WRITE];
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;
	int pim_tlv_size;
	int pim_msg_size;

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_HELLO)
		zlog_debug(
			"%s: to %pPA on %s: holdt=%u prop_d=%u overr_i=%u dis_join_supp=%d dr_prio=%u gen_id=%08x addrs=%d",
			__func__, &qpim_all_pim_routers_addr, ifp->name,
			holdtime, pim_ifp->pim_propagation_delay_msec,
			pim_ifp->pim_override_interval_msec,
			pim_ifp->pim_can_disable_join_suppression,
			pim_ifp->pim_dr_priority, pim_ifp->pim_generation_id,
			listcount(ifp->connected));

	pim_tlv_size = pim_hello_build_tlv(
		ifp, pim_msg + PIM_PIM_MIN_LEN,
		sizeof(pim_msg) - PIM_PIM_MIN_LEN, holdtime,
		pim_ifp->pim_dr_priority, pim_ifp->pim_generation_id,
		pim_ifp->pim_propagation_delay_msec,
		pim_ifp->pim_override_interval_msec,
		pim_ifp->pim_can_disable_join_suppression);
	if (pim_tlv_size < 0) {
		return -1;
	}

	pim_msg_size = pim_tlv_size + PIM_PIM_MIN_LEN;

	assert(pim_msg_size >= PIM_PIM_MIN_LEN);
	assert(pim_msg_size <= PIM_PIM_BUFSIZE_WRITE);

	pim_msg_build_header(pim_ifp->primary_address,
			     qpim_all_pim_routers_addr, pim_msg, pim_msg_size,
			     PIM_MSG_TYPE_HELLO, false);

	if (pim_msg_send(pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd, pim_ifp->primary_address,
			 qpim_all_pim_routers_addr, pim_msg, pim_msg_size,
			 ifp)) {
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_HELLO) {
			zlog_debug(
				"%s: could not send PIM message on interface %s",
				__func__, ifp->name);
		}
		return -2;
	}

	return 0;
}

int pim_hello_send(struct interface *ifp, uint16_t holdtime)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	if (if_is_loopback(ifp))
		return 0;

	if (hello_send(ifp, holdtime)) {
		++pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_hello_sendfail;

		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_HELLO) {
			zlog_warn("Could not send PIM hello on interface %s",
				  ifp->name);
		}
		return -1;
	}

	if (!pim_ifp->pim_passive_enable) {
		++pim_ifp->pim_ifstat_hello_sent;
		PIM_IF_FLAG_SET_HELLO_SENT(pim_ifp->flags);
	}

	return 0;
}

static void hello_resched(struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_HELLO) {
		zlog_debug("Rescheduling %d sec hello on interface %s",
			   pim_ifp->pim_hello_period, ifp->name);
	}
	THREAD_OFF(pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer);
	thread_add_timer(router->master, on_pim_hello_send, ifp,
			 pim_ifp->pim_hello_period,
			 &pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer);
}

/*
  Periodic hello timer
 */
static void on_pim_hello_send(struct thread *t)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;
	struct interface *ifp;

	ifp = THREAD_ARG(t);
	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	/*
	 * Schedule next hello
	 */
	hello_resched(ifp);

	/*
	 * Send hello
	 */
	pim_hello_send(ifp, PIM_IF_DEFAULT_HOLDTIME(pim_ifp));
}

/*
  RFC 4601: 4.3.1.  Sending Hello Messages

  Thus, if a router needs to send a Join/Prune or Assert message on an
  interface on which it has not yet sent a Hello message with the
  currently configured IP address, then it MUST immediately send the
  relevant Hello message without waiting for the Hello Timer to
  expire, followed by the Join/Prune or Assert message.
 */
void pim_hello_restart_now(struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	/*
	 * Reset next hello timer
	 */
	hello_resched(ifp);

	/*
	 * Immediately send hello
	 */
	pim_hello_send(ifp, PIM_IF_DEFAULT_HOLDTIME(pim_ifp));
}

/*
  RFC 4601: 4.3.1.  Sending Hello Messages

  To allow new or rebooting routers to learn of PIM neighbors quickly,
  when a Hello message is received from a new neighbor, or a Hello
  message with a new GenID is received from an existing neighbor, a
  new Hello message should be sent on this interface after a
  randomized delay between 0 and Triggered_Hello_Delay.
 */
void pim_hello_restart_triggered(struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;
	int triggered_hello_delay_msec;
	int random_msec;

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;

	/*
	 * No need to ever start loopback or vrf device hello's
	 */
	if (if_is_loopback(ifp))
		return;

	/*
	 * There exists situations where we have the a RPF out this
	 * interface, but we haven't formed a neighbor yet.  This
	 * happens especially during interface flaps.  While
	 * we would like to handle this more gracefully in other
	 * parts of the code.  In order to get us up and running
	 * let's just send the hello immediate'ish
	 * This should be revisited when we get nexthop tracking
	 * in and when we have a better handle on safely
	 * handling the rpf information for upstreams that
	 * we cannot legally reach yet.
	 */
	triggered_hello_delay_msec = 1;
	// triggered_hello_delay_msec = 1000 *
	// pim_ifp->pim_triggered_hello_delay;

	if (pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer) {
		long remain_msec =
			pim_time_timer_remain_msec(pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer);
		if (remain_msec <= triggered_hello_delay_msec) {
			/* Rescheduling hello would increase the delay, then
			   it's faster
			   to just wait for the scheduled periodic hello. */
			return;
		}

		THREAD_OFF(pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer);
	}

	random_msec = triggered_hello_delay_msec;
	// random_msec = random() % (triggered_hello_delay_msec + 1);

	if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_HELLO) {
		zlog_debug("Scheduling %d msec triggered hello on interface %s",
			   random_msec, ifp->name);
	}

	thread_add_timer_msec(router->master, on_pim_hello_send, ifp,
			      random_msec, &pim_ifp->t_pim_hello_timer);
}

int pim_sock_add(struct interface *ifp)
{
	struct pim_interface *pim_ifp;
	uint32_t old_genid;

	pim_ifp = ifp->info;
	assert(pim_ifp);

	if (pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd >= 0) {
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
			zlog_debug(
				"Can't recreate existing PIM socket fd=%d for interface %s",
				pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd, ifp->name);
		return -1;
	}

	pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd = pim_sock_open(ifp);
	if (pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd < 0) {
		if (PIM_DEBUG_PIM_PACKETS)
			zlog_debug("Could not open PIM socket on interface %s",
				   ifp->name);
		return -2;
	}

	pim_socket_ip_hdr(pim_ifp->pim_sock_fd);

	pim_ifp->t_pim_sock_read = NULL;
	pim_ifp->pim_sock_creation = pim_time_monotonic_sec();

	/*
	 * Just ensure that the new generation id
	 * actually chooses something different.
	 * Actually ran across a case where this
	 * happened, pre-switch to random().
	 * While this is unlikely to happen now
	 * let's make sure it doesn't.
	 */
	old_genid = pim_ifp->pim_generation_id;

	while (old_genid == pim_ifp->pim_generation_id)
		pim_ifp->pim_generation_id = frr_weak_random();

	zlog_info("PIM INTERFACE UP: on interface %s ifindex=%d", ifp->name,
		  ifp->ifindex);

	/*
	 * Start receiving PIM messages
	 */
	pim_sock_read_on(ifp);

	/*
	 * Start sending PIM hello's
	 */
	pim_hello_restart_triggered(ifp);

	return 0;
}