Adding upstream version 1.16.10.upstream/1.16.10upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 839 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/net/rpc/server_test.go b/src/net/rpc/server_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5d7fe0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/net/rpc/server_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,839 @@
+// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package rpc
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"net"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"reflect"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+var (
+	newServer                 *Server
+	serverAddr, newServerAddr string
+	httpServerAddr            string
+	once, newOnce, httpOnce   sync.Once
+)
+
+const (
+	newHttpPath = "/foo"
+)
+
+type Args struct {
+	A, B int
+}
+
+type Reply struct {
+	C int
+}
+
+type Arith int
+
+// Some of Arith's methods have value args, some have pointer args. That's deliberate.
+
+func (t *Arith) Add(args Args, reply *Reply) error {
+	reply.C = args.A + args.B
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *Arith) Mul(args *Args, reply *Reply) error {
+	reply.C = args.A * args.B
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *Arith) Div(args Args, reply *Reply) error {
+	if args.B == 0 {
+		return errors.New("divide by zero")
+	}
+	reply.C = args.A / args.B
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *Arith) String(args *Args, reply *string) error {
+	*reply = fmt.Sprintf("%d+%d=%d", args.A, args.B, args.A+args.B)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *Arith) Scan(args string, reply *Reply) (err error) {
+	_, err = fmt.Sscan(args, &reply.C)
+	return
+}
+
+func (t *Arith) Error(args *Args, reply *Reply) error {
+	panic("ERROR")
+}
+
+func (t *Arith) SleepMilli(args *Args, reply *Reply) error {
+	time.Sleep(time.Duration(args.A) * time.Millisecond)
+	return nil
+}
+
+type hidden int
+
+func (t *hidden) Exported(args Args, reply *Reply) error {
+	reply.C = args.A + args.B
+	return nil
+}
+
+type Embed struct {
+	hidden
+}
+
+type BuiltinTypes struct{}
+
+func (BuiltinTypes) Map(args *Args, reply *map[int]int) error {
+	(*reply)[args.A] = args.B
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (BuiltinTypes) Slice(args *Args, reply *[]int) error {
+	*reply = append(*reply, args.A, args.B)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (BuiltinTypes) Array(args *Args, reply *[2]int) error {
+	(*reply)[0] = args.A
+	(*reply)[1] = args.B
+	return nil
+}
+
+func listenTCP() (net.Listener, string) {
+	l, e := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0") // any available address
+	if e != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("net.Listen tcp :0: %v", e)
+	}
+	return l, l.Addr().String()
+}
+
+func startServer() {
+	Register(new(Arith))
+	Register(new(Embed))
+	RegisterName("net.rpc.Arith", new(Arith))
+	Register(BuiltinTypes{})
+
+	var l net.Listener
+	l, serverAddr = listenTCP()
+	log.Println("Test RPC server listening on", serverAddr)
+	go Accept(l)
+
+	HandleHTTP()
+	httpOnce.Do(startHttpServer)
+}
+
+func startNewServer() {
+	newServer = NewServer()
+	newServer.Register(new(Arith))
+	newServer.Register(new(Embed))
+	newServer.RegisterName("net.rpc.Arith", new(Arith))
+	newServer.RegisterName("newServer.Arith", new(Arith))
+
+	var l net.Listener
+	l, newServerAddr = listenTCP()
+	log.Println("NewServer test RPC server listening on", newServerAddr)
+	go newServer.Accept(l)
+
+	newServer.HandleHTTP(newHttpPath, "/bar")
+	httpOnce.Do(startHttpServer)
+}
+
+func startHttpServer() {
+	server := httptest.NewServer(nil)
+	httpServerAddr = server.Listener.Addr().String()
+	log.Println("Test HTTP RPC server listening on", httpServerAddr)
+}
+
+func TestRPC(t *testing.T) {
+	once.Do(startServer)
+	testRPC(t, serverAddr)
+	newOnce.Do(startNewServer)
+	testRPC(t, newServerAddr)
+	testNewServerRPC(t, newServerAddr)
+}
+
+func testRPC(t *testing.T, addr string) {
+	client, err := Dial("tcp", addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("dialing", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Synchronous calls
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	reply := new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Add", args, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if reply.C != args.A+args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A+args.B)
+	}
+
+	// Methods exported from unexported embedded structs
+	args = &Args{7, 0}
+	reply = new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Embed.Exported", args, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if reply.C != args.A+args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A+args.B)
+	}
+
+	// Nonexistent method
+	args = &Args{7, 0}
+	reply = new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.BadOperation", args, reply)
+	// expect an error
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("BadOperation: expected error")
+	} else if !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), "rpc: can't find method ") {
+		t.Errorf("BadOperation: expected can't find method error; got %q", err)
+	}
+
+	// Unknown service
+	args = &Args{7, 8}
+	reply = new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Unknown", args, reply)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error calling unknown service")
+	} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "method") {
+		t.Error("expected error about method; got", err)
+	}
+
+	// Out of order.
+	args = &Args{7, 8}
+	mulReply := new(Reply)
+	mulCall := client.Go("Arith.Mul", args, mulReply, nil)
+	addReply := new(Reply)
+	addCall := client.Go("Arith.Add", args, addReply, nil)
+
+	addCall = <-addCall.Done
+	if addCall.Error != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected no error but got string %q", addCall.Error.Error())
+	}
+	if addReply.C != args.A+args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", addReply.C, args.A+args.B)
+	}
+
+	mulCall = <-mulCall.Done
+	if mulCall.Error != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Mul: expected no error but got string %q", mulCall.Error.Error())
+	}
+	if mulReply.C != args.A*args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Mul: expected %d got %d", mulReply.C, args.A*args.B)
+	}
+
+	// Error test
+	args = &Args{7, 0}
+	reply = new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Div", args, reply)
+	// expect an error: zero divide
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("Div: expected error")
+	} else if err.Error() != "divide by zero" {
+		t.Error("Div: expected divide by zero error; got", err)
+	}
+
+	// Bad type.
+	reply = new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Add", reply, reply) // args, reply would be the correct thing to use
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error calling Arith.Add with wrong arg type")
+	} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "type") {
+		t.Error("expected error about type; got", err)
+	}
+
+	// Non-struct argument
+	const Val = 12345
+	str := fmt.Sprint(Val)
+	reply = new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Scan", &str, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Scan: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	} else if reply.C != Val {
+		t.Errorf("Scan: expected %d got %d", Val, reply.C)
+	}
+
+	// Non-struct reply
+	args = &Args{27, 35}
+	str = ""
+	err = client.Call("Arith.String", args, &str)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("String: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	expect := fmt.Sprintf("%d+%d=%d", args.A, args.B, args.A+args.B)
+	if str != expect {
+		t.Errorf("String: expected %s got %s", expect, str)
+	}
+
+	args = &Args{7, 8}
+	reply = new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Mul", args, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Mul: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if reply.C != args.A*args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Mul: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A*args.B)
+	}
+
+	// ServiceName contain "." character
+	args = &Args{7, 8}
+	reply = new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("net.rpc.Arith.Add", args, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if reply.C != args.A+args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A+args.B)
+	}
+}
+
+func testNewServerRPC(t *testing.T, addr string) {
+	client, err := Dial("tcp", addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("dialing", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Synchronous calls
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	reply := new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("newServer.Arith.Add", args, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if reply.C != args.A+args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A+args.B)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHTTP(t *testing.T) {
+	once.Do(startServer)
+	testHTTPRPC(t, "")
+	newOnce.Do(startNewServer)
+	testHTTPRPC(t, newHttpPath)
+}
+
+func testHTTPRPC(t *testing.T, path string) {
+	var client *Client
+	var err error
+	if path == "" {
+		client, err = DialHTTP("tcp", httpServerAddr)
+	} else {
+		client, err = DialHTTPPath("tcp", httpServerAddr, path)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("dialing", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Synchronous calls
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	reply := new(Reply)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Add", args, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if reply.C != args.A+args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A+args.B)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuiltinTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	once.Do(startServer)
+
+	client, err := DialHTTP("tcp", httpServerAddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("dialing", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Map
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	replyMap := map[int]int{}
+	err = client.Call("BuiltinTypes.Map", args, &replyMap)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Map: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if replyMap[args.A] != args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Map: expected %d got %d", args.B, replyMap[args.A])
+	}
+
+	// Slice
+	args = &Args{7, 8}
+	replySlice := []int{}
+	err = client.Call("BuiltinTypes.Slice", args, &replySlice)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Slice: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if e := []int{args.A, args.B}; !reflect.DeepEqual(replySlice, e) {
+		t.Errorf("Slice: expected %v got %v", e, replySlice)
+	}
+
+	// Array
+	args = &Args{7, 8}
+	replyArray := [2]int{}
+	err = client.Call("BuiltinTypes.Array", args, &replyArray)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Array: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if e := [2]int{args.A, args.B}; !reflect.DeepEqual(replyArray, e) {
+		t.Errorf("Array: expected %v got %v", e, replyArray)
+	}
+}
+
+// CodecEmulator provides a client-like api and a ServerCodec interface.
+// Can be used to test ServeRequest.
+type CodecEmulator struct {
+	server        *Server
+	serviceMethod string
+	args          *Args
+	reply         *Reply
+	err           error
+}
+
+func (codec *CodecEmulator) Call(serviceMethod string, args *Args, reply *Reply) error {
+	codec.serviceMethod = serviceMethod
+	codec.args = args
+	codec.reply = reply
+	codec.err = nil
+	var serverError error
+	if codec.server == nil {
+		serverError = ServeRequest(codec)
+	} else {
+		serverError = codec.server.ServeRequest(codec)
+	}
+	if codec.err == nil && serverError != nil {
+		codec.err = serverError
+	}
+	return codec.err
+}
+
+func (codec *CodecEmulator) ReadRequestHeader(req *Request) error {
+	req.ServiceMethod = codec.serviceMethod
+	req.Seq = 0
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (codec *CodecEmulator) ReadRequestBody(argv interface{}) error {
+	if codec.args == nil {
+		return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
+	}
+	*(argv.(*Args)) = *codec.args
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (codec *CodecEmulator) WriteResponse(resp *Response, reply interface{}) error {
+	if resp.Error != "" {
+		codec.err = errors.New(resp.Error)
+	} else {
+		*codec.reply = *(reply.(*Reply))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (codec *CodecEmulator) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestServeRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	once.Do(startServer)
+	testServeRequest(t, nil)
+	newOnce.Do(startNewServer)
+	testServeRequest(t, newServer)
+}
+
+func testServeRequest(t *testing.T, server *Server) {
+	client := CodecEmulator{server: server}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	reply := new(Reply)
+	err := client.Call("Arith.Add", args, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+	}
+	if reply.C != args.A+args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A+args.B)
+	}
+
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Add", nil, reply)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected error calling Arith.Add with nil arg")
+	}
+}
+
+type ReplyNotPointer int
+type ArgNotPublic int
+type ReplyNotPublic int
+type NeedsPtrType int
+type local struct{}
+
+func (t *ReplyNotPointer) ReplyNotPointer(args *Args, reply Reply) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *ArgNotPublic) ArgNotPublic(args *local, reply *Reply) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *ReplyNotPublic) ReplyNotPublic(args *Args, reply *local) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *NeedsPtrType) NeedsPtrType(args *Args, reply *Reply) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Check that registration handles lots of bad methods and a type with no suitable methods.
+func TestRegistrationError(t *testing.T) {
+	err := Register(new(ReplyNotPointer))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error registering ReplyNotPointer")
+	}
+	err = Register(new(ArgNotPublic))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error registering ArgNotPublic")
+	}
+	err = Register(new(ReplyNotPublic))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error registering ReplyNotPublic")
+	}
+	err = Register(NeedsPtrType(0))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error registering NeedsPtrType")
+	} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "pointer") {
+		t.Error("expected hint when registering NeedsPtrType")
+	}
+}
+
+type WriteFailCodec int
+
+func (WriteFailCodec) WriteRequest(*Request, interface{}) error {
+	// the panic caused by this error used to not unlock a lock.
+	return errors.New("fail")
+}
+
+func (WriteFailCodec) ReadResponseHeader(*Response) error {
+	select {}
+}
+
+func (WriteFailCodec) ReadResponseBody(interface{}) error {
+	select {}
+}
+
+func (WriteFailCodec) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestSendDeadlock(t *testing.T) {
+	client := NewClientWithCodec(WriteFailCodec(0))
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	done := make(chan bool)
+	go func() {
+		testSendDeadlock(client)
+		testSendDeadlock(client)
+		done <- true
+	}()
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+		return
+	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("deadlock")
+	}
+}
+
+func testSendDeadlock(client *Client) {
+	defer func() {
+		recover()
+	}()
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	reply := new(Reply)
+	client.Call("Arith.Add", args, reply)
+}
+
+func dialDirect() (*Client, error) {
+	return Dial("tcp", serverAddr)
+}
+
+func dialHTTP() (*Client, error) {
+	return DialHTTP("tcp", httpServerAddr)
+}
+
+func countMallocs(dial func() (*Client, error), t *testing.T) float64 {
+	once.Do(startServer)
+	client, err := dial()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("error dialing", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	reply := new(Reply)
+	return testing.AllocsPerRun(100, func() {
+		err := client.Call("Arith.Add", args, reply)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Add: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+		}
+		if reply.C != args.A+args.B {
+			t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A+args.B)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCountMallocs(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping malloc count in short mode")
+	}
+	if runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0) > 1 {
+		t.Skip("skipping; GOMAXPROCS>1")
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("mallocs per rpc round trip: %v\n", countMallocs(dialDirect, t))
+}
+
+func TestCountMallocsOverHTTP(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping malloc count in short mode")
+	}
+	if runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0) > 1 {
+		t.Skip("skipping; GOMAXPROCS>1")
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("mallocs per HTTP rpc round trip: %v\n", countMallocs(dialHTTP, t))
+}
+
+type writeCrasher struct {
+	done chan bool
+}
+
+func (writeCrasher) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (w *writeCrasher) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	<-w.done
+	return 0, io.EOF
+}
+
+func (writeCrasher) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("fake write failure")
+}
+
+func TestClientWriteError(t *testing.T) {
+	w := &writeCrasher{done: make(chan bool)}
+	c := NewClient(w)
+	defer c.Close()
+
+	res := false
+	err := c.Call("foo", 1, &res)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error")
+	}
+	if err.Error() != "fake write failure" {
+		t.Error("unexpected value of error:", err)
+	}
+	w.done <- true
+}
+
+func TestTCPClose(t *testing.T) {
+	once.Do(startServer)
+
+	client, err := dialHTTP()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dialing: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	args := Args{17, 8}
+	var reply Reply
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Mul", args, &reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("arith error:", err)
+	}
+	t.Logf("Arith: %d*%d=%d\n", args.A, args.B, reply)
+	if reply.C != args.A*args.B {
+		t.Errorf("Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A*args.B)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestErrorAfterClientClose(t *testing.T) {
+	once.Do(startServer)
+
+	client, err := dialHTTP()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dialing: %v", err)
+	}
+	err = client.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("close error:", err)
+	}
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Add", &Args{7, 9}, new(Reply))
+	if err != ErrShutdown {
+		t.Errorf("Forever: expected ErrShutdown got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// Tests the fix to issue 11221. Without the fix, this loops forever or crashes.
+func TestAcceptExitAfterListenerClose(t *testing.T) {
+	newServer := NewServer()
+	newServer.Register(new(Arith))
+	newServer.RegisterName("net.rpc.Arith", new(Arith))
+	newServer.RegisterName("newServer.Arith", new(Arith))
+
+	var l net.Listener
+	l, _ = listenTCP()
+	l.Close()
+	newServer.Accept(l)
+}
+
+func TestShutdown(t *testing.T) {
+	var l net.Listener
+	l, _ = listenTCP()
+	ch := make(chan net.Conn, 1)
+	go func() {
+		defer l.Close()
+		c, err := l.Accept()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Error(err)
+		}
+		ch <- c
+	}()
+	c, err := net.Dial("tcp", l.Addr().String())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	c1 := <-ch
+	if c1 == nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	newServer := NewServer()
+	newServer.Register(new(Arith))
+	go newServer.ServeConn(c1)
+
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	reply := new(Reply)
+	client := NewClient(c)
+	err = client.Call("Arith.Add", args, reply)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// On an unloaded system 10ms is usually enough to fail 100% of the time
+	// with a broken server. On a loaded system, a broken server might incorrectly
+	// be reported as passing, but we're OK with that kind of flakiness.
+	// If the code is correct, this test will never fail, regardless of timeout.
+	args.A = 10 // 10 ms
+	done := make(chan *Call, 1)
+	call := client.Go("Arith.SleepMilli", args, reply, done)
+	c.(*net.TCPConn).CloseWrite()
+	<-done
+	if call.Error != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func benchmarkEndToEnd(dial func() (*Client, error), b *testing.B) {
+	once.Do(startServer)
+	client, err := dial()
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal("error dialing:", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Synchronous calls
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	b.ResetTimer()
+
+	b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+		reply := new(Reply)
+		for pb.Next() {
+			err := client.Call("Arith.Add", args, reply)
+			if err != nil {
+				b.Fatalf("rpc error: Add: expected no error but got string %q", err.Error())
+			}
+			if reply.C != args.A+args.B {
+				b.Fatalf("rpc error: Add: expected %d got %d", reply.C, args.A+args.B)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func benchmarkEndToEndAsync(dial func() (*Client, error), b *testing.B) {
+	if b.N == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	const MaxConcurrentCalls = 100
+	once.Do(startServer)
+	client, err := dial()
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal("error dialing:", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Asynchronous calls
+	args := &Args{7, 8}
+	procs := 4 * runtime.GOMAXPROCS(-1)
+	send := int32(b.N)
+	recv := int32(b.N)
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(procs)
+	gate := make(chan bool, MaxConcurrentCalls)
+	res := make(chan *Call, MaxConcurrentCalls)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+
+	for p := 0; p < procs; p++ {
+		go func() {
+			for atomic.AddInt32(&send, -1) >= 0 {
+				gate <- true
+				reply := new(Reply)
+				client.Go("Arith.Add", args, reply, res)
+			}
+		}()
+		go func() {
+			for call := range res {
+				A := call.Args.(*Args).A
+				B := call.Args.(*Args).B
+				C := call.Reply.(*Reply).C
+				if A+B != C {
+					b.Errorf("incorrect reply: Add: expected %d got %d", A+B, C)
+					return
+				}
+				<-gate
+				if atomic.AddInt32(&recv, -1) == 0 {
+					close(res)
+				}
+			}
+			wg.Done()
+		}()
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func BenchmarkEndToEnd(b *testing.B) {
+	benchmarkEndToEnd(dialDirect, b)
+}
+
+func BenchmarkEndToEndHTTP(b *testing.B) {
+	benchmarkEndToEnd(dialHTTP, b)
+}
+
+func BenchmarkEndToEndAsync(b *testing.B) {
+	benchmarkEndToEndAsync(dialDirect, b)
+}
+
+func BenchmarkEndToEndAsyncHTTP(b *testing.B) {
+	benchmarkEndToEndAsync(dialHTTP, b)
+}