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+// Copyright (C) 2009-2017 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+// License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+// file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+#ifndef MESSAGE_H
+#define MESSAGE_H 1
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <ostream>
+
+#include <dns/exceptions.h>
+
+#include <dns/edns.h>
+#include <dns/question.h>
+#include <dns/rrset.h>
+
+namespace isc {
+namespace util {
+class InputBuffer;
+}
+
+namespace dns {
+class TSIGContext;
+class TSIGRecord;
+
+///
+/// \brief A standard DNS module exception that is thrown if a wire format
+/// message parser encounters a short length of data that don't even contain
+/// the full header section.
+///
+class MessageTooShort : public isc::dns::Exception {
+public:
+ MessageTooShort(const char* file, size_t line, const char* what) :
+ isc::dns::Exception(file, line, what) {}
+};
+
+///
+/// \brief A standard DNS module exception that is thrown if a section iterator
+/// is being constructed for an incompatible section. Specifically, this
+/// happens RRset iterator is being constructed for a Question section.
+///
+class InvalidMessageSection : public isc::dns::Exception {
+public:
+ InvalidMessageSection(const char* file, size_t line, const char* what) :
+ isc::dns::Exception(file, line, what) {}
+};
+
+///
+/// \brief A standard DNS module exception that is thrown if a \c Message
+/// class method is called that is prohibited for the current mode of
+/// the message.
+///
+class InvalidMessageOperation : public isc::dns::Exception {
+public:
+ InvalidMessageOperation(const char* file, size_t line, const char* what) :
+ isc::dns::Exception(file, line, what) {}
+};
+
+///
+/// \brief A standard DNS module exception that is thrown if a UDP buffer size
+/// smaller than the standard default maximum (DEFAULT_MAX_UDPSIZE) is
+/// being specified for the message.
+///
+class InvalidMessageUDPSize : public isc::dns::Exception {
+public:
+ InvalidMessageUDPSize(const char* file, size_t line, const char* what) :
+ isc::dns::Exception(file, line, what) {}
+};
+
+typedef uint16_t qid_t;
+
+class AbstractMessageRenderer;
+class Message;
+class MessageImpl;
+class Opcode;
+class Rcode;
+
+template <typename T>
+struct SectionIteratorImpl;
+
+/// \c SectionIterator is a templated class to provide standard-compatible
+/// iterators for Questions and RRsets for a given DNS message section.
+/// The template parameter is either \c QuestionPtr (for the question section)
+/// or \c RRsetPtr (for the answer, authority, or additional section).
+template <typename T>
+class SectionIterator : public std::iterator<std::input_iterator_tag, T> {
+public:
+ SectionIterator() : impl_(NULL) {}
+ SectionIterator(const SectionIteratorImpl<T>& impl);
+ ~SectionIterator();
+ SectionIterator(const SectionIterator<T>& source);
+ void operator=(const SectionIterator<T>& source);
+ SectionIterator<T>& operator++();
+ SectionIterator<T> operator++(int);
+ const T& operator*() const;
+ const T* operator->() const;
+ bool operator==(const SectionIterator<T>& other) const;
+ bool operator!=(const SectionIterator<T>& other) const;
+private:
+ SectionIteratorImpl<T>* impl_;
+};
+
+typedef SectionIterator<QuestionPtr> QuestionIterator;
+typedef SectionIterator<RRsetPtr> RRsetIterator;
+
+/// \brief The \c Message class encapsulates a standard DNS message.
+///
+/// Details of the design and interfaces of this class are still in flux.
+/// Here are some notes about the current design.
+///
+/// Since many realistic DNS applications deal with messages, message objects
+/// will be frequently used, and can be performance sensitive. To minimize
+/// the performance overhead of constructing and destructing the objects,
+/// this class is designed to be reusable. The \c clear() method is provided
+/// for this purpose.
+///
+/// A \c Message class object is in either the \c PARSE or the \c RENDER mode.
+/// A \c PARSE mode object is intended to be used to convert wire-format
+/// message data into a complete \c Message object.
+/// A \c RENDER mode object is intended to be used to convert a \c Message
+/// object into wire-format data.
+/// Some of the method functions of this class are limited to a specific mode.
+/// In general, "set" type operations are only allowed for \c RENDER mode
+/// objects.
+/// The initial mode must be specified on construction, and can be changed
+/// through some method functions.
+///
+/// This class uses the "pimpl" idiom, and hides detailed implementation
+/// through the \c impl_ pointer. Since a \c Message object is expected to
+/// be reused, the construction overhead of this approach should be acceptable.
+///
+/// Open issues (among other things):
+/// - We may want to provide an "iterator" for all RRsets/RRs for convenience.
+/// This will be for applications that do not care about performance much,
+/// so the implementation can only be moderately efficient.
+/// - We may want to provide a "find" method for a specified type
+/// of RR in the message.
+class Message {
+public:
+ /// Constants to specify the operation mode of the \c Message.
+ enum Mode {
+ PARSE = 0, ///< Parse mode (handling an incoming message)
+ RENDER = 1 ///< Render mode (building an outgoing message)
+ };
+
+ /// \brief Constants for flag bit fields of a DNS message header.
+ ///
+ /// Only the defined constants are valid where a header flag is required
+ /// in this library (e.g., in \c Message::setHeaderFlag()).
+ /// Since these are enum constants, however, an invalid value could be
+ /// passed via casting without an error at compilation time.
+ /// It is generally the callee's responsibility to check and reject invalid
+ /// values.
+ /// Of course, applications shouldn't pass invalid values even if the
+ /// callee does not perform proper validation; the result in such usage
+ /// is undefined.
+ ///
+ /// In the current implementation, the defined values happen to be
+ /// a 16-bit integer with one bit being set corresponding to the
+ /// specified flag in the second 16 bits of the DNS Header section
+ /// in order to make the internal implementation simpler.
+ /// For example, \c HEADERFLAG_QR is defined to be 0x8000 as the QR
+ /// bit is the most significant bit of the second 16 bits of the header.
+ /// However, applications should not assume this coincidence and
+ /// must solely use the enum representations.
+ /// Any usage based on the assumption of the underlying values is invalid
+ /// and the result is undefined.
+ ///
+ /// Likewise, bit wise operations such as AND or OR on the flag values
+ /// are invalid and are not guaranteed to work, even if it could compile
+ /// with casting.
+ /// For example, the following code will compile:
+ /// \code const uint16_t combined_flags =
+ /// static_cast<uint16_t>(Message::HEADERFLAG_AA) |
+ /// static_cast<uint16_t>(Message::HEADERFLAG_CD);
+ /// message->setHeaderFlag(static_cast<Message::HeaderFlag>(combined_flags));
+ /// \endcode
+ /// and (with the current definition) happens to work as if it were
+ /// validly written as follows:
+ /// \code message->setHeaderFlag(Message::HEADERFLAG_AA);
+ /// message->setHeaderFlag(Message::HEADERFLAG_CD);
+ /// \endcode
+ /// But the former notation is invalid and may not work in future versions.
+ /// We did not try to prohibit such usage at compilation time, e.g., by
+ /// introducing a separately defined class considering the balance
+ /// between the complexity and advantage, but hopefully the cast notation
+ /// is sufficiently ugly to prevent proliferation of the usage.
+ enum HeaderFlag {
+ HEADERFLAG_QR = 0x8000, ///< Query (if cleared) or response (if set)
+ HEADERFLAG_AA = 0x0400, ///< Authoritative answer
+ HEADERFLAG_TC = 0x0200, ///< Truncation
+ HEADERFLAG_RD = 0x0100, ///< Recursion desired
+ HEADERFLAG_RA = 0x0080, ///< Recursion available
+ HEADERFLAG_AD = 0x0020, ///< Authentic %data (RFC4035)
+ HEADERFLAG_CD = 0x0010 ///< DNSSEC checking disabled (RFC4035)
+ };
+
+ /// \brief Constants to specify sections of a DNS message.
+ ///
+ /// The sections are those defined in RFC 1035 excluding the Header
+ /// section; the fields of the Header section are accessed via specific
+ /// methods of the \c Message class (e.g., \c getQid()).
+ ///
+ /// <b>Open Design Issue:</b>
+ /// In the current implementation the values for the constants are
+ /// sorted in the order of appearance in DNS messages, i.e.,
+ /// from %Question to Additional.
+ /// So, for example,
+ /// code <code>section >= Message::SECTION_AUTHORITY</code> can be
+ /// used to do something in or after the Authority section.
+ /// This would be convenient, but it is not clear if it's really a good
+ /// idea to rely on relationship between the underlying values of enum
+ /// constants. At the moment, applications are discouraged to rely on
+ /// this implementation detail. We will see if such usage is sufficiently
+ /// common to officially support it.
+ ///
+ /// Note also that since we don't define \c operator++ for this enum,
+ /// the following code intending to iterate over all sections will
+ /// \b not compile:
+ /// \code for (Section s; s <= SECTION_ADDITIONAL; ++s) { // ++s undefined
+ /// // do something
+ /// } \endcode
+ /// This is intentional at this moment, and we'll see if we need to allow
+ /// that as we have more experiences with this library.
+ ///
+ /// <b>Future Extension:</b> We'll probably also define constants for
+ /// the section names used in dynamic updates in future versions.
+ enum Section {
+ SECTION_QUESTION = 0, ///< %Question section
+ SECTION_ANSWER = 1, ///< Answer section
+ SECTION_AUTHORITY = 2, ///< Authority section
+ SECTION_ADDITIONAL = 3 ///< Additional section
+ };
+
+ ///
+ /// \name Constructors and Destructor
+ ///
+ /// Note: The copy constructor and the assignment operator are
+ /// intentionally defined as private.
+ /// The intended use case wouldn't require copies of a \c Message object;
+ /// once created, it would normally be expected to be reused, changing the
+ /// mode from \c PARSE to \c RENDER, and vice versa.
+ //@{
+public:
+ /// \brief The constructor.
+ /// The mode of the message is specified by the \c mode parameter.
+ Message(Mode mode);
+ /// \brief The destructor.
+ ~Message();
+private:
+ Message(const Message& source);
+ Message& operator=(const Message& source);
+ //@}
+public:
+ /// \brief Return whether the specified header flag bit is set in the
+ /// header section.
+ ///
+ /// This method is basically exception free, but if
+ /// \c flag is not a valid constant of the \c HeaderFlag type,
+ /// an exception of class \c InvalidParameter will be thrown.
+ ///
+ /// \param flag The header flag constant to test.
+ /// \return \c true if the specified flag is set; otherwise \c false.
+ bool getHeaderFlag(const HeaderFlag flag) const;
+
+ /// \brief Set or clear the specified header flag bit in the header
+ /// section.
+ ///
+ /// The optional parameter \c on indicates the operation mode,
+ /// set or clear; if it's \c true the corresponding flag will be set;
+ /// otherwise the flag will be cleared.
+ /// In either case the original state of the flag does not affect the
+ /// operation; for example, if a flag is already set and the "set"
+ /// operation is attempted, it effectively results in no operation.
+ ///
+ /// The parameter \c on can be omitted, in which case a value of \c true
+ /// (i.e., set operation) will be assumed.
+ /// This is based on the observation that the flag would have to be set
+ /// in the vast majority of the cases where an application needs to
+ /// use this method.
+ ///
+ /// This method is only allowed in the \c RENDER mode;
+ /// if the \c Message is in other mode, an exception of class
+ /// InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ ///
+ /// If \c flag is not a valid constant of the \c HeaderFlag type,
+ /// an exception of class \c InvalidParameter will be thrown.
+ ///
+ /// \param flag The header flag constant to set or clear.
+ /// \param on If \c true the flag will be set; otherwise the flag will be
+ /// cleared.
+ void setHeaderFlag(const HeaderFlag flag, const bool on = true);
+
+ /// \brief Return the query ID given in the header section of the message.
+ qid_t getQid() const;
+
+ /// \brief Set the query ID of the header section of the message.
+ ///
+ /// This method is only allowed in the \c RENDER mode;
+ /// if the \c Message is in other mode, an exception of class
+ /// InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ void setQid(qid_t qid);
+
+ /// \brief Return the Response Code of the message.
+ ///
+ /// This includes extended codes specified by an EDNS OPT RR (when
+ /// included). In the \c PARSE mode, if the received message contains
+ /// an EDNS OPT RR, the corresponding extended code is identified and
+ /// returned.
+ ///
+ /// The message must have been properly parsed (in the case of the
+ /// \c PARSE mode) or an \c Rcode has been set (in the case of the
+ /// \c RENDER mode) beforehand. Otherwise, an exception of class
+ /// \c InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ const Rcode& getRcode() const;
+
+ /// \brief Set the Response Code of the message.
+ ///
+ /// This method is only allowed in the \c RENDER mode;
+ /// if the \c Message is in other mode, an exception of class
+ /// InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ ///
+ /// If the specified code is an EDNS extended RCODE, an EDNS OPT RR will be
+ /// included in the message.
+ void setRcode(const Rcode& rcode);
+
+ /// \brief Return the OPCODE given in the header section of the message.
+ ///
+ /// The message must have been properly parsed (in the case of the
+ /// \c PARSE mode) or an \c Opcode has been set (in the case of the
+ /// \c RENDER mode) beforehand. Otherwise, an exception of class
+ /// \c InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ const Opcode& getOpcode() const;
+
+ /// \brief Set the OPCODE of the header section of the message.
+ ///
+ /// This method is only allowed in the \c RENDER mode;
+ /// if the \c Message is in other mode, an exception of class
+ /// InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ void setOpcode(const Opcode& opcode);
+
+ /// \brief Return, if any, the EDNS associated with the message.
+ ///
+ /// This method never throws an exception.
+ ///
+ /// \return A shared pointer to the EDNS. This will be a null shared
+ /// pointer if the message is not associated with EDNS.
+ ConstEDNSPtr getEDNS() const;
+
+ /// \brief Set EDNS for the message.
+ ///
+ /// This method is only allowed in the \c RENDER mode;
+ /// if the \c Message is in other mode, an exception of class
+ /// InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ ///
+ /// \param edns A shared pointer to an \c EDNS object to be set in
+ /// \c Message.
+ void setEDNS(ConstEDNSPtr edns);
+
+ /// \brief Return, if any, the TSIG record contained in the received
+ /// message.
+ ///
+ /// Currently, this method is only intended to return a TSIG record
+ /// for an incoming message built via the \c fromWire() method in the
+ /// PARSE mode. A call to this method in the RENDER mode is invalid and
+ /// result in an exception. Also, calling this method is meaningless
+ /// unless \c fromWire() is performed.
+ ///
+ /// The returned pointer is valid only during the lifetime of the
+ /// \c Message object and until \c clear() is called. The \c Message
+ /// object retains the ownership of \c TSIGRecord; the caller must not
+ /// try to delete it.
+ ///
+ /// \exception InvalidMessageOperation Message is not in the PARSE mode.
+ ///
+ /// \return A pointer to the stored \c TSIGRecord or \c NULL.
+ const TSIGRecord* getTSIGRecord() const;
+
+ /// \brief Returns the number of RRs contained in the given section.
+ ///
+ /// In the \c PARSE mode, the returned value may not be identical to
+ /// the actual number of RRs of the incoming message that is parsed.
+ /// The \c Message class handles some "meta" RRs such as EDNS OPT RR
+ /// separately. This method doesn't include such RRs.
+ /// Also, a future version of the parser will detect and unify duplicate
+ /// RRs (which should be rare in practice though), in which case
+ /// the stored RRs in the \c Message object will be fewer than the RRs
+ /// originally contained in the incoming message.
+ ///
+ /// Likewise, in the \c RENDER mode, even if \c EDNS is set in the
+ /// \c Message, this method doesn't count the corresponding OPT RR
+ /// in the Additional section.
+ ///
+ /// This method is basically exception free, but if
+ /// \c section is not a valid constant of the \c Section type,
+ /// an exception of class \c OutOfRange will be thrown.
+ ///
+ /// \param section The section in the message where RRs should be
+ /// counted.
+ /// \return The number of RRs stored in the specified section of the
+ /// message.
+ unsigned int getRRCount(const Section section) const;
+
+ /// \brief Return an iterator corresponding to the beginning of the
+ /// Question section of the message.
+ const QuestionIterator beginQuestion() const;
+
+ /// \brief Return an iterator corresponding to the end of the
+ /// Question section of the message.
+ const QuestionIterator endQuestion() const;
+
+ /// \brief Return an iterator corresponding to the beginning of the
+ /// given section (other than Question) of the message.
+ ///
+ /// \c section must be a valid constant of the \c Section type;
+ /// otherwise, an exception of class \c OutOfRange will be thrown.
+ const RRsetIterator beginSection(const Section section) const;
+
+ /// \brief Return an iterator corresponding to the end of the
+ /// given section (other than Question) of the message.
+ ///
+ /// \c section must be a valid constant of the \c Section type;
+ /// otherwise, an exception of class \c OutOfRange will be thrown.
+ const RRsetIterator endSection(const Section section) const;
+
+ /// \brief Add a (pointer like object of) Question to the message.
+ ///
+ /// This method is only allowed in the \c RENDER mode;
+ /// if the \c Message is in other mode, an exception of class
+ /// InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ void addQuestion(QuestionPtr question);
+
+ /// \brief Add a (pointer like object of) Question to the message.
+ ///
+ /// This version internally creates a \c QuestionPtr object from the
+ /// given \c question and calls the other version of this method.
+ /// So this is inherently less efficient, but is provided because this
+ /// form may be more intuitive and may make more sense for performance
+ /// insensitive applications.
+ ///
+ /// This method is only allowed in the \c RENDER mode;
+ /// if the \c Message is in other mode, an exception of class
+ /// InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ void addQuestion(const Question& question);
+
+ /// \brief Add a (pointer like object of) RRset to the given section
+ /// of the message.
+ ///
+ /// Note that \c addRRset() does not currently check for duplicate
+ /// data before inserting RRsets. The caller is responsible for
+ /// checking for these (see \c hasRRset() below).
+ ///
+ /// \throw InvalidParameter rrset is NULL
+ /// \throw InvalidMessageOperation The message is not in the \c RENDER
+ /// mode.
+ /// \throw OutOfRange \c section doesn't specify a valid \c Section value.
+ ///
+ /// \param section The message section to which the rrset is to be added
+ /// \param rrset The rrset to be added. Must not be NULL.
+ void addRRset(const Section section, RRsetPtr rrset);
+
+ /// \brief Determine whether the given section already has an RRset
+ /// matching the given name, RR class and RR type.
+ ///
+ /// \c section must be a valid constant of the \c Section type;
+ /// otherwise, an exception of class \c OutOfRange will be thrown.
+ ///
+ /// This should probably be extended to be a "find" method that returns
+ /// a matching RRset if found.
+ bool hasRRset(const Section section, const Name& name,
+ const RRClass& rrclass, const RRType& rrtype) const;
+
+ /// \brief Determine whether the given section already has an RRset
+ /// matching the one pointed to by the argument
+ ///
+ /// \c section must be a valid constant of the \c Section type;
+ /// otherwise, an exception of class \c OutOfRange will be thrown.
+ bool hasRRset(const Section section, const RRsetPtr& rrset) const;
+
+ /// \brief Remove RRSet from Message
+ ///
+ /// Removes the RRset identified by the section iterator from the message.
+ /// Note: if,.for some reason, the RRset is duplicated in the section, only
+ /// one occurrence is removed.
+ ///
+ /// If the operation is successful, all iterators into the section are
+ /// invalidated.
+ ///
+ /// \param section Section to which the iterator belongs
+ /// \param iterator Iterator pointing to the element to be removed
+ ///
+ /// \return true if the element was removed, false if the iterator was not
+ /// found in the specified section.
+ bool removeRRset(const Section section, RRsetIterator& iterator);
+
+ /// \brief Remove all RRSets from the given Section
+ ///
+ /// This method is only allowed in the \c RENDER mode, and the given
+ /// section must be valid.
+ ///
+ /// \throw InvalidMessageOperation Message is not in the \c RENDER mode
+ /// \throw OutOfRange The specified section is not valid
+ ///
+ /// \param section Section to remove all rrsets from
+ void clearSection(const Section section);
+
+ // The following methods are not currently implemented.
+ //void removeQuestion(QuestionPtr question);
+ // notyet:
+ //void addRR(const Section section, const RR& rr);
+ //void removeRR(const Section section, const RR& rr);
+
+ /// \brief Clear the message content (if any) and reinitialize it in the
+ /// specified mode.
+ void clear(Mode mode);
+
+ /// \brief Adds all rrsets from the source the given section in the
+ /// source message to the same section of this message
+ ///
+ /// \param section the section to append
+ /// \param source The source Message
+ void appendSection(const Section section, const Message& source);
+
+ /// \brief Prepare for making a response from a request.
+ ///
+ /// This will clear the DNS header except those fields that should be kept
+ /// for the response, and clear answer and the following sections.
+ /// See also dns_message_reply() of BIND9.
+ void makeResponse();
+
+ /// \brief Convert the Message to a string.
+ ///
+ /// At least \c Opcode and \c Rcode must be validly set in the \c Message
+ /// (as a result of parse in the \c PARSE mode or by explicitly setting
+ /// in the \c RENDER mode); otherwise, an exception of
+ /// class \c InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ std::string toText() const;
+
+ /// \brief Render the message in wire formant into a message renderer
+ /// object with (or without) TSIG.
+ ///
+ /// This \c Message must be in the \c RENDER mode and both \c Opcode and
+ /// \c Rcode must have been set beforehand; otherwise, an exception of
+ /// class \c InvalidMessageOperation will be thrown.
+ ///
+ /// If a non-NULL \c tsig_ctx is passed, it will also add a TSIG RR
+ /// with (in many cases) the TSIG MAC for the message along with the
+ /// given TSIG context (\c tsig_ctx). The TSIG RR will be placed at
+ /// the end of \c renderer. The \c TSIGContext at \c tsig_ctx will
+ /// be updated based on the fact it was used for signing and with
+ /// the latest MAC.
+ ///
+ /// \exception InvalidMessageOperation The message is not in the Render
+ /// mode, or either Rcode or Opcode is not set.
+ /// \exception InvalidParameter The allowable limit of \c renderer is too
+ /// small for a TSIG or the Header section. Note that this shouldn't
+ /// happen with parameters as defined in the standard protocols,
+ /// so it's more likely a program bug.
+ /// \exception Unexpected Rendering the TSIG RR fails. The implementation
+ /// internally makes sure this doesn't happen, so if that ever occurs
+ /// it should mean a bug either in the TSIG context or in the renderer
+ /// implementation.
+ ///
+ /// \note The renderer's internal buffers and data are automatically
+ /// cleared, keeping the length limit and the compression mode intact.
+ /// In case truncation is triggered, the renderer is cleared completely.
+ ///
+ /// \param renderer DNS message rendering context that encapsulates the
+ /// output buffer and name compression information.
+ /// \param tsig_ctx A TSIG context that is to be used for signing the
+ /// message
+ void toWire(AbstractMessageRenderer& renderer,
+ TSIGContext* tsig_ctx = NULL);
+
+ /// Parse options.
+ ///
+ /// describe PRESERVE_ORDER: note doesn't affect EDNS or TSIG.
+ ///
+ /// The option values are used as a parameter for \c fromWire().
+ /// These are values of a bitmask type. Bitwise operations can be
+ /// performed on these values to express compound options.
+ enum ParseOptions {
+ PARSE_DEFAULT = 0, ///< The default options
+ PRESERVE_ORDER = 1 ///< Preserve RR order and don't combine them
+ };
+
+ /// \brief Parse the header section of the \c Message.
+ ///
+ /// NOTE: If the header has already been parsed by a previous call
+ /// to this method, this method simply returns (i.e., it does not
+ /// read from the \c buffer).
+ void parseHeader(isc::util::InputBuffer& buffer);
+
+ /// \brief (Re)build a \c Message object from wire-format data.
+ ///
+ /// This method parses the given wire format data to build a
+ /// complete Message object. On success, the values of the header section
+ /// fields can be accessible via corresponding get methods, and the
+ /// question and following sections can be accessible via the
+ /// corresponding iterators. If the message contains an EDNS or TSIG,
+ /// they can be accessible via \c getEDNS() and \c getTSIGRecord(),
+ /// respectively.
+ ///
+ /// This \c Message must be in the \c PARSE mode.
+ ///
+ /// This method performs strict validation on the given message based
+ /// on the DNS protocol specifications. If the given message data is
+ /// invalid, this method throws an exception (see the exception list).
+ ///
+ /// By default, this method combines RRs of the same name, RR type and
+ /// RR class in a section into a single RRset, even if they are interleaved
+ /// with a different type of RR (though it would be a rare case in
+ /// practice). If the \c PRESERVE_ORDER option is specified, it handles
+ /// each RR separately, in the appearing order, and converts it to a
+ /// separate RRset (so this RRset should contain exactly one Rdata).
+ /// This mode will be necessary when the higher level protocol is
+ /// ordering conscious. For example, in AXFR and IXFR, the position of
+ /// the SOA RRs are crucial.
+ ///
+ /// \exception InvalidMessageOperation \c Message is in the RENDER mode
+ /// \exception DNSMessageFORMERR The given message data is syntactically
+ /// \exception MessageTooShort The given data is shorter than a valid
+ /// header section
+ /// \exception std::bad_alloc Memory allocation failure
+ /// \exception Others \c Name, \c Rdata, and \c EDNS classes can also throw
+ ///
+ /// \param buffer A input buffer object that stores the wire
+ /// data. This method reads from position 0 in the passed buffer.
+ /// \param options Parse options
+ void fromWire(isc::util::InputBuffer& buffer, ParseOptions options
+ = PARSE_DEFAULT);
+
+ ///
+ /// \name Protocol constants
+ ///
+ //@{
+ /// \brief The default maximum size of UDP DNS messages that don't cause
+ /// truncation.
+ ///
+ /// With EDNS the maximum size can be increased per message.
+ static const uint16_t DEFAULT_MAX_UDPSIZE = 512;
+
+ /// \brief The default maximum size of UDP DNS messages we can handle
+ static const uint16_t DEFAULT_MAX_EDNS0_UDPSIZE = 4096;
+ //@}
+
+private:
+ MessageImpl* impl_;
+};
+
+/// \brief Pointer-like type pointing to a \c Message
+///
+/// This type is expected to be used as an argument in asynchronous
+/// callback functions. The internal reference-counting will ensure that
+/// that ongoing state information will not be lost if the object
+/// that originated the asynchronous call falls out of scope.
+typedef boost::shared_ptr<Message> MessagePtr;
+typedef boost::shared_ptr<const Message> ConstMessagePtr;
+
+/// Insert the \c Message as a string into stream.
+///
+/// This method convert \c message into a string and inserts it into the
+/// output stream \c os.
+///
+/// \param os A \c std::ostream object on which the insertion operation is
+/// performed.
+/// \param message A \c Message object output by the operation.
+/// \return A reference to the same \c std::ostream object referenced by
+/// parameter \c os after the insertion operation.
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Message& message);
+}
+}
+#endif // MESSAGE_H
+
+// Local Variables:
+// mode: c++
+// End: