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+// Formatting library for C++ - optional OS-specific functionality
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_OS_H_
+#define FMT_OS_H_
+
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <system_error> // std::system_error
+
+#if defined __APPLE__ || defined(__FreeBSD__)
+# include <xlocale.h> // for LC_NUMERIC_MASK on OS X
+#endif
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_FCNTL
+// UWP doesn't provide _pipe.
+# if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("winapifamily.h")
+# include <winapifamily.h>
+# endif
+# if (FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<fcntl.h>) || defined(__APPLE__) || \
+ defined(__linux__)) && \
+ (!defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) || \
+ (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP))
+# include <fcntl.h> // for O_RDONLY
+# define FMT_USE_FCNTL 1
+# else
+# define FMT_USE_FCNTL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_POSIX
+# if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
+// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
+# define FMT_POSIX(call) _##call
+# else
+# define FMT_POSIX(call) call
+# endif
+#endif
+
+// Calls to system functions are wrapped in FMT_SYSTEM for testability.
+#ifdef FMT_SYSTEM
+# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) FMT_SYSTEM(call)
+#else
+# define FMT_SYSTEM(call) ::call
+# ifdef _WIN32
+// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
+# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::_##call
+# else
+# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::call
+# endif
+#endif
+
+// Retries the expression while it evaluates to error_result and errno
+// equals to EINTR.
+#ifndef _WIN32
+# define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) \
+ do { \
+ (result) = (expression); \
+ } while ((result) == (error_result) && errno == EINTR)
+#else
+# define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) result = (expression)
+#endif
+
+#define FMT_RETRY(result, expression) FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, -1)
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+FMT_MODULE_EXPORT_BEGIN
+
+/**
+ \rst
+ A reference to a null-terminated string. It can be constructed from a C
+ string or ``std::string``.
+
+ You can use one of the following type aliases for common character types:
+
+ +---------------+-----------------------------+
+ | Type | Definition |
+ +===============+=============================+
+ | cstring_view | basic_cstring_view<char> |
+ +---------------+-----------------------------+
+ | wcstring_view | basic_cstring_view<wchar_t> |
+ +---------------+-----------------------------+
+
+ This class is most useful as a parameter type to allow passing
+ different types of strings to a function, for example::
+
+ template <typename... Args>
+ std::string format(cstring_view format_str, const Args & ... args);
+
+ format("{}", 42);
+ format(std::string("{}"), 42);
+ \endrst
+ */
+template <typename Char> class basic_cstring_view {
+ private:
+ const Char* data_;
+
+ public:
+ /** Constructs a string reference object from a C string. */
+ basic_cstring_view(const Char* s) : data_(s) {}
+
+ /**
+ \rst
+ Constructs a string reference from an ``std::string`` object.
+ \endrst
+ */
+ basic_cstring_view(const std::basic_string<Char>& s) : data_(s.c_str()) {}
+
+ /** Returns the pointer to a C string. */
+ const Char* c_str() const { return data_; }
+};
+
+using cstring_view = basic_cstring_view<char>;
+using wcstring_view = basic_cstring_view<wchar_t>;
+
+template <typename Char> struct formatter<std::error_code, Char> {
+ template <typename ParseContext>
+ FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+ return ctx.begin();
+ }
+
+ template <typename FormatContext>
+ FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format(const std::error_code& ec, FormatContext& ctx) const
+ -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+ auto out = ctx.out();
+ out = detail::write_bytes(out, ec.category().name(),
+ basic_format_specs<Char>());
+ out = detail::write<Char>(out, Char(':'));
+ out = detail::write<Char>(out, ec.value());
+ return out;
+ }
+};
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+FMT_API const std::error_category& system_category() noexcept;
+
+FMT_BEGIN_DETAIL_NAMESPACE
+// A converter from UTF-16 to UTF-8.
+// It is only provided for Windows since other systems support UTF-8 natively.
+class utf16_to_utf8 {
+ private:
+ memory_buffer buffer_;
+
+ public:
+ utf16_to_utf8() {}
+ FMT_API explicit utf16_to_utf8(basic_string_view<wchar_t> s);
+ operator string_view() const { return string_view(&buffer_[0], size()); }
+ size_t size() const { return buffer_.size() - 1; }
+ const char* c_str() const { return &buffer_[0]; }
+ std::string str() const { return std::string(&buffer_[0], size()); }
+
+ // Performs conversion returning a system error code instead of
+ // throwing exception on conversion error. This method may still throw
+ // in case of memory allocation error.
+ FMT_API int convert(basic_string_view<wchar_t> s);
+};
+
+FMT_API void format_windows_error(buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
+ const char* message) noexcept;
+FMT_END_DETAIL_NAMESPACE
+
+FMT_API std::system_error vwindows_error(int error_code, string_view format_str,
+ format_args args);
+
+/**
+ \rst
+ Constructs a :class:`std::system_error` object with the description
+ of the form
+
+ .. parsed-literal::
+ *<message>*: *<system-message>*
+
+ where *<message>* is the formatted message and *<system-message>* is the
+ system message corresponding to the error code.
+ *error_code* is a Windows error code as given by ``GetLastError``.
+ If *error_code* is not a valid error code such as -1, the system message
+ will look like "error -1".
+
+ **Example**::
+
+ // This throws a system_error with the description
+ // cannot open file 'madeup': The system cannot find the file specified.
+ // or similar (system message may vary).
+ const char *filename = "madeup";
+ LPOFSTRUCT of = LPOFSTRUCT();
+ HFILE file = OpenFile(filename, &of, OF_READ);
+ if (file == HFILE_ERROR) {
+ throw fmt::windows_error(GetLastError(),
+ "cannot open file '{}'", filename);
+ }
+ \endrst
+*/
+template <typename... Args>
+std::system_error windows_error(int error_code, string_view message,
+ const Args&... args) {
+ return vwindows_error(error_code, message, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+// Reports a Windows error without throwing an exception.
+// Can be used to report errors from destructors.
+FMT_API void report_windows_error(int error_code, const char* message) noexcept;
+#else
+inline const std::error_category& system_category() noexcept {
+ return std::system_category();
+}
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+// std::system is not available on some platforms such as iOS (#2248).
+#ifdef __OSX__
+template <typename S, typename... Args, typename Char = char_t<S>>
+void say(const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
+ std::system(format("say \"{}\"", format(format_str, args...)).c_str());
+}
+#endif
+
+// A buffered file.
+class buffered_file {
+ private:
+ FILE* file_;
+
+ friend class file;
+
+ explicit buffered_file(FILE* f) : file_(f) {}
+
+ public:
+ buffered_file(const buffered_file&) = delete;
+ void operator=(const buffered_file&) = delete;
+
+ // Constructs a buffered_file object which doesn't represent any file.
+ buffered_file() noexcept : file_(nullptr) {}
+
+ // Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
+ FMT_API ~buffered_file() noexcept;
+
+ public:
+ buffered_file(buffered_file&& other) noexcept : file_(other.file_) {
+ other.file_ = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ buffered_file& operator=(buffered_file&& other) {
+ close();
+ file_ = other.file_;
+ other.file_ = nullptr;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ // Opens a file.
+ FMT_API buffered_file(cstring_view filename, cstring_view mode);
+
+ // Closes the file.
+ FMT_API void close();
+
+ // Returns the pointer to a FILE object representing this file.
+ FILE* get() const noexcept { return file_; }
+
+ FMT_API int descriptor() const;
+
+ void vprint(string_view format_str, format_args args) {
+ fmt::vprint(file_, format_str, args);
+ }
+
+ template <typename... Args>
+ inline void print(string_view format_str, const Args&... args) {
+ vprint(format_str, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+ }
+};
+
+#if FMT_USE_FCNTL
+// A file. Closed file is represented by a file object with descriptor -1.
+// Methods that are not declared with noexcept may throw
+// fmt::system_error in case of failure. Note that some errors such as
+// closing the file multiple times will cause a crash on Windows rather
+// than an exception. You can get standard behavior by overriding the
+// invalid parameter handler with _set_invalid_parameter_handler.
+class FMT_API file {
+ private:
+ int fd_; // File descriptor.
+
+ // Constructs a file object with a given descriptor.
+ explicit file(int fd) : fd_(fd) {}
+
+ public:
+ // Possible values for the oflag argument to the constructor.
+ enum {
+ RDONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_RDONLY), // Open for reading only.
+ WRONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_WRONLY), // Open for writing only.
+ RDWR = FMT_POSIX(O_RDWR), // Open for reading and writing.
+ CREATE = FMT_POSIX(O_CREAT), // Create if the file doesn't exist.
+ APPEND = FMT_POSIX(O_APPEND), // Open in append mode.
+ TRUNC = FMT_POSIX(O_TRUNC) // Truncate the content of the file.
+ };
+
+ // Constructs a file object which doesn't represent any file.
+ file() noexcept : fd_(-1) {}
+
+ // Opens a file and constructs a file object representing this file.
+ file(cstring_view path, int oflag);
+
+ public:
+ file(const file&) = delete;
+ void operator=(const file&) = delete;
+
+ file(file&& other) noexcept : fd_(other.fd_) { other.fd_ = -1; }
+
+ // Move assignment is not noexcept because close may throw.
+ file& operator=(file&& other) {
+ close();
+ fd_ = other.fd_;
+ other.fd_ = -1;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ // Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
+ ~file() noexcept;
+
+ // Returns the file descriptor.
+ int descriptor() const noexcept { return fd_; }
+
+ // Closes the file.
+ void close();
+
+ // Returns the file size. The size has signed type for consistency with
+ // stat::st_size.
+ long long size() const;
+
+ // Attempts to read count bytes from the file into the specified buffer.
+ size_t read(void* buffer, size_t count);
+
+ // Attempts to write count bytes from the specified buffer to the file.
+ size_t write(const void* buffer, size_t count);
+
+ // Duplicates a file descriptor with the dup function and returns
+ // the duplicate as a file object.
+ static file dup(int fd);
+
+ // Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
+ // necessary.
+ void dup2(int fd);
+
+ // Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
+ // necessary.
+ void dup2(int fd, std::error_code& ec) noexcept;
+
+ // Creates a pipe setting up read_end and write_end file objects for reading
+ // and writing respectively.
+ static void pipe(file& read_end, file& write_end);
+
+ // Creates a buffered_file object associated with this file and detaches
+ // this file object from the file.
+ buffered_file fdopen(const char* mode);
+};
+
+// Returns the memory page size.
+long getpagesize();
+
+FMT_BEGIN_DETAIL_NAMESPACE
+
+struct buffer_size {
+ buffer_size() = default;
+ size_t value = 0;
+ buffer_size operator=(size_t val) const {
+ auto bs = buffer_size();
+ bs.value = val;
+ return bs;
+ }
+};
+
+struct ostream_params {
+ int oflag = file::WRONLY | file::CREATE | file::TRUNC;
+ size_t buffer_size = BUFSIZ > 32768 ? BUFSIZ : 32768;
+
+ ostream_params() {}
+
+ template <typename... T>
+ ostream_params(T... params, int new_oflag) : ostream_params(params...) {
+ oflag = new_oflag;
+ }
+
+ template <typename... T>
+ ostream_params(T... params, detail::buffer_size bs)
+ : ostream_params(params...) {
+ this->buffer_size = bs.value;
+ }
+
+// Intel has a bug that results in failure to deduce a constructor
+// for empty parameter packs.
+# if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && __INTEL_COMPILER < 2000
+ ostream_params(int new_oflag) : oflag(new_oflag) {}
+ ostream_params(detail::buffer_size bs) : buffer_size(bs.value) {}
+# endif
+};
+
+FMT_END_DETAIL_NAMESPACE
+
+// Added {} below to work around default constructor error known to
+// occur in Xcode versions 7.2.1 and 8.2.1.
+constexpr detail::buffer_size buffer_size{};
+
+/** A fast output stream which is not thread-safe. */
+class FMT_API ostream final : private detail::buffer<char> {
+ private:
+ file file_;
+
+ void grow(size_t) override;
+
+ ostream(cstring_view path, const detail::ostream_params& params)
+ : file_(path, params.oflag) {
+ set(new char[params.buffer_size], params.buffer_size);
+ }
+
+ public:
+ ostream(ostream&& other)
+ : detail::buffer<char>(other.data(), other.size(), other.capacity()),
+ file_(std::move(other.file_)) {
+ other.clear();
+ other.set(nullptr, 0);
+ }
+ ~ostream() {
+ flush();
+ delete[] data();
+ }
+
+ void flush() {
+ if (size() == 0) return;
+ file_.write(data(), size());
+ clear();
+ }
+
+ template <typename... T>
+ friend ostream output_file(cstring_view path, T... params);
+
+ void close() {
+ flush();
+ file_.close();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ Formats ``args`` according to specifications in ``fmt`` and writes the
+ output to the file.
+ */
+ template <typename... T> void print(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+ vformat_to(detail::buffer_appender<char>(*this), fmt,
+ fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+ }
+};
+
+/**
+ \rst
+ Opens a file for writing. Supported parameters passed in *params*:
+
+ * ``<integer>``: Flags passed to `open
+ <https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904875/functions/open.html>`_
+ (``file::WRONLY | file::CREATE | file::TRUNC`` by default)
+ * ``buffer_size=<integer>``: Output buffer size
+
+ **Example**::
+
+ auto out = fmt::output_file("guide.txt");
+ out.print("Don't {}", "Panic");
+ \endrst
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+inline ostream output_file(cstring_view path, T... params) {
+ return {path, detail::ostream_params(params...)};
+}
+#endif // FMT_USE_FCNTL
+
+FMT_MODULE_EXPORT_END
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // FMT_OS_H_
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